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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Solid acid catalysts'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

PERRA, DANIO. "Solid acid catalysts for biorefinery processes." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266767.

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The present work regards the study of alternative synthetic routes for biofuels and biochemicals. Biofuels and biochemicals constitute the two main classes of biorefinery products. Biofuels are obtained from biomass and have many environmental advantages over the traditional fuels. In this work particular attention has been given to biodiesel, one of the most widely used biofuels. Biodiesel is a safe, non-toxic, and biodegradable alternative diesel fuel. The development of active acid catalysts for biodiesel synthesis could reduce the production costs, in particular because the acid catalysts

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2

Hart, Mark Peter. "Solid acid catalysts for liquid phase reactions." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270434.

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3

Cholerton, Mary. "Dehydration of alcohols using solid acid catalysts." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/362638/.

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Solid acid catalysts were prepared through silicon substitution into aluminophosphate frameworks. Silicon incorporation was confirmed using solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The nature of the acid sites generated was determined using Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy. These materials were tested as catalysts for the dehydration of ethanol to ethylene at low operating temperatures. The materials were active for dehydration of ethanol to ethylene with significant differences observed between aluminophosphate frameworks both in terms of selectivity to the desired product

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4

Yamamoto, Takashi. "Studies on the Catalysis by New Solid Acid Catalysts and the Characterization." Kyoto University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/77922.

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5

Zhang, Honglei. "Solid acid catalysts for sustainable production of biodiesel." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/33697/.

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Homogeneous acid catalysts, such as H2SO4, are playing significant roles in catalytic processes for the manufacture of a wide range of important chemicals such as pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and fragrances. However, the use of liquid acid catalysts is normally associated with engineering problems, such as the difficulty in its separation from products, the formation of large quantity of wastewater and corrosion to the equipment. Consequently, it is desirable to develop highly active, inexpensive, green and reusable heterogeneous acid catalysts for various applications. To date, the R&D of

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6

Frattini, Lucia. "Polyoxometalates as solid acid catalysts for sustainable chemistry." Thesis, Aston University, 2017. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/33384/.

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Polyoxometalates, also known as heteropolyacids (HPA), are solid acids widely utilised in heterogeneous catalysis. The physicochemical properties of HPAs facilitate surface-type or bulk-type reactions, dependent on substrate polarity. For the latter, the gas-phase dehydration of ethanol was investigated representing an environmentally friendly solution to produce bio-ethylene, a key compound to the chemical industry; while for the former, the solventless liquid-phase isomerisation of α-pinene was studied due to the widespread applications of its derivates. Supported HPAs, exhibiting the Keggin

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7

Dagade, S. P. "Nitration of aromatic compounds over solid acid catalysts." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2002. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2855.

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8

Platon, Alexandru. "Characterization of solid acid catalysts for isobutane/butene alkylation." Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Fall2004/a%5Fplaton%5F100104.pdf.

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9

Alsalme, Ali Mohammed. "Solid acid catalysts based on heteropoly acids for conversion of renewable feedstocks." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539488.

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The aim of this work is to investigate homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis by HPAs for the conversion of renewable feedstocks. This includes the preparation, characterisation and testing of a range of acidic solid materials such as bulk HPAs, CS2.sHo.sPW12040and the acidic composites comprising H3PW12040 (HPW) supported on Nb20s, Zr02 and Ti02. The HPW supported on Ti02, Zr02 and Nb20s were prepared by impregnation method and then characterised regarding their acid properties and the chemical structure of HPA on the catalyst surface, compared to "standard" HPA catalysts such as bulk and si

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10

Davison, Andrea Dianne. "Synthesised sulfonic solid acid catalysts for liquid phase reactions." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2008. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/5014/.

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The move to use heterogeneous solid acid catalysts as new, cleaner, renewable catalysts for liquid phase reactions is at the forefront of scientific research, with the focus on the ability to tailor and improve the physical and chemical properties of the catalysts in order to tailor their acidity to catalytic activity for specific liquid phase reactions. The aim of this project was to determine the role of the support in imparting acidity and catalytic activity in liquid phase reactions to three different types of supported solid acid catalyst; polystyrene, silica and a fluorinated hydrocarbon

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11

Yang, Yong. "Preparation, characterization and catalytic properties of strong solid acid catalysts." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0024/NQ52268.pdf.

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12

Gardy, Jabbar Lashkeri Ismail Agha. "Biodiesel production from used cooking oil using novel solid acid catalysts." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18086/.

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Damage to the environment as a consequence of exploration, production, imminent depletion, use of fossil fuels and concerns over climate change (increasing lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions), has increased the need for a more eco-friendly, renewable and sustainable source of energy. The level of biodiesel production has been increasing over the last twenty years, reflecting a rapid rise in demand due to its availability, renewability, lower gas emissions, non-toxicity, and its biodegradability. The impact of CO2 emissions on climate change, worldwide industrialisation, countries not having oi

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13

Stewart, Iain Hunter. "Supercritical alkylation of isobutane with 1-butene using solid acid catalysts." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367029.

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14

Hemming, Beverley Faith. "Metal (IV) compounds as heterogeneous catalysts for the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of ketones with hydrogen peroxide." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367275.

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15

Kaur, Jaspalne. "Friedel-Crafts acylation catalysed by heteropoly acids." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272747.

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16

Ikenberry, Myles. "Acid monolayer functionalized iron oxide nanoparticle catalysts." Diss., Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17060.

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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Department of Chemical Engineering<br>Keith L. Hohn<br>Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle functionalization is an area of intensely active research, with applications across disciplines such as biomedical science and heterogeneous catalysis. This work demonstrates the functionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles with a quasi-monolayer of 11-sulfoundecanoic acid, 10-phosphono-1-decanesulfonic acid, and 11-aminoundecanoic acid. The carboxylic and phosphonic moieties form bonds to the iron oxide particle core, while the sulfonic acid groups face outward where they

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17

Al-Haq, Nazli. "Novel organo-bridged polysilsesquioxanes towards environmentally friendly solid acid and base catalysts." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420569.

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18

Zhang, Yue, and 张悦. "Synthesis and characterization of zirconia based solid acid catalysts for biodiesel production." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49858828.

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Biodiesel is a promising renewable alternative fuel to fossil energy. For the biodiesel production from low-cost feedstock, a pretreatment step is essential, which is the esterification of free fatty acids (e.g. oleic acid) in the feedstock in order to avoid soap formation and minimize catalyst deactivation. Sulfuric acid modified zirconia (H2SO4-ZrO2) is known as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for esterification. However, due to rapid 〖SO〗_4^(2-) leaching, its reusability is low and its practical use is thus largely hindered. Zirconia supported on silica (ZrO2-SiO2) serves as a kind

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19

Savill-Jowitt, Claire. "Catalytic and adsorbent properties of solid acid catalysts studied by ammonia adsorption microcalorimetry." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2007. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/420/.

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Solid acid catalysts are becoming of great importance within the chemical industry and their acidity is of great interest, as this determines their application, plus many of their catalytic properties can also be directly related with their acidity. There has been a drive towards heterogeneous solid acid catalysts because of the environmental concerns with safe handling and disposal of mineral acid homogeneous catalysts such as H2SO4, and their separation from the product. Objectives of this work have been to study a range of solid acid catalysts and establish a relationship between catalyst s

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20

Ahmad, Husan. "Synthesis of Diazonium Perfluoroalkyl(Aryl) Sufonimide (PFSI) Zwitterions for Solid Acid Alkylation Catalysts." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/314.

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The final objective of this project is to create an environmentally friendly solid alkylation catalyst to replace the commercially available liquid acid catalysts, such as hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid, which are used in the petroleum industry. My research target is to synthesize the diazonium PFSI zwitterions, which can be chemically grafted on the silica as the solid alkylation catalyst. A 4-steps synthesis is designed to prepare the diazonium PFSI zwitterions. The first two steps were successfully completed in the lab. The first one is to prepare the starting material of 4-nitrobenzen

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21

Koujout, Said. "The influence of liquid reaction media on acidities and activities of solid acid catalysts." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288505.

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Novel H+ -sulfori"ated poly( styrene-co-divinylbenzene) ion-exchange resins have been prepared with· higher acid strength and higher thermal stabilities than conventionai ion-exchange resins. An objective of the study has been to increase the understanding of the relationships between resins structures, acidities and acid catalytic activities in aqueous and non-aqueous media. Some related materials, supported sulfonic acid catalysts, have been prepared using HMS (hexagonal mesoporous silicas) and SBA 15 as supports. These catalysts were characterised in terms of surface area and pore size dist

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22

Li, Zhijian. "Novel solid base catalysts for Michael additions." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=976576759.

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23

Mlimi, Kenneth Mpemane. "Metal modified mesoporous ZSM-5 as catalysts for the oligomerization of 1- hexene." University of Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8423.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc<br>The use of diesel engines in vehicles and heavy machinery throughout the world has been slowly increasing in the past few decades. This has led to high demand for diesel and gasoline with high octane number. Diesel and gasoline are in high demand due to its qualities as fuels containing low or no sulfur and nitrogen compounds, making them environmentally friendly and the anti- knocking properties respectively. With these reasons and more, researchers have been studying processes like the catalytic oligomerization of olefins to produce synthetic fuels with aug

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24

McClean, Deaghlan Martin. "A kinetic study of the oligomerization of propene, butene and various hexenes over solid phosphoric acid." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23295.

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25

Lemoine, Gaetan. "Comparison of different types of Zeolites used as Solid Acid Catalysts in the Transesterification reaction of Jatropha-type oil for Biodiesel production." Digital WPI, 2013. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/268.

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Sustainable energy management has become a high priority for many countries. A great majority of our energy stocks comes from non-renewable fossil fuels, which are currently dwindling. Biofuels are one of the most promising solutions being researched to address this urgent problem. In particular, using transesterified Jatropha curcas L. oil appears to be a promising method of producing biofuels due to several properties of the plant, such as the high oil yield of its seeds and the fact that it does not compete with food crops. The literature mentions many attempts of using zeolites as so

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26

Shivarkar, A. B. "Organic carbonates as benign reactions for the synthesis of fine chemicals using solid acid / base catalysts." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2007. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2547.

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27

Ault, Trevor Joseph. "A techno-economic analysis of ethanol production from hydrolysis of cellulose with nanoscale magnetic solid acid catalysts." Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/14746.

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Master of Science<br>Department of Chemical Engineering<br>Keith Hohn<br>Acid catalysts have been shown to be very successful in the pretreatment of cellulosic biomass to improve glucose yield and improve overall yield of ethanol. This report presents the results of a techno-economic study that looks into the use of nanoscale magnetic solid acid catalysts for glucose production. Magnetic solid acid catalysts are an improvement over using diluted acid due to eliminating acid-waste generation and corrosion hazards. Their magnetic nature also allows them to be easily separated from reaction p

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28

Gaydhankar, T. R. "Studies on the solid acid catalysts containing group VI elements: synthesis, characterization and screening for their catalytic activities." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2012. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2139.

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29

Nese, Valentina [Verfasser], Ferdi [Gutachter] Schüth, and Wolfgang [Gutachter] Grünert. "Solid catalysts for the production of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid / Valentina Nese ; Gutachter: Ferdi Schüth, Wolfgang Grünert." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2017. http://d-nb.info/113336179X/34.

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30

Wilson, Karen E. "Investigations into the role of α-amino acids as chiral modifiers for Ni-based enantioselective heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysts". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3108.

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The hydrogenation of β-ketoesters over chirally modified Ni catalysts is a celebrated and thoroughly researched example of an enantioselective heterogeneous catalytic reaction. Enantioselective heterogeneous processes, although extremely attractive in terms of fewer complications in the separation of products from the catalyst, are hindered in their viability as industrial applications due to the lack of detailed knowledge on how chirality is conferred to the metal surface. Surface science techniques have afforded substantial progress into determining mechanisms between modifier, reactant and

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31

Long, Wei. "Designing immobilized catalysts for chemical transformations: new platforms to tune the accessibility of active sites." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49017.

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Chemical catalysts are divided into two traditional categories: homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Although homogeneous (molecular) catalysts tend to have high activity and selectivity, their wide application is hampered by the difficulties in catalyst separation. In contrast, the vast majority of industrial scale catalysts are heterogeneous catalysts based on solid materials. Immobilized catalysts, combining the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, have developed into an important field in catalysis research. This dissertation presents synthesis, characterization and e

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32

Chambon, Flora. "Transformation de la cellulose par catalyse hétérogène." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829774.

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La cellulose, bio-polymère composé d'unités glucose, est un composé largement disponible au sein de la biomasse lignocellulosique. Sa dépolymérisation sélective en synthons se heurte cependant à sa forte résistance aux transformations chimiques du fait de sa structure semi-cristalline. L'objectif de la thèse est d'étudier la transformation de la cellulose par catalyse hétérogène. Il a été montré qu'une dépolymérisation partielle de la cellulose en milieu aqueux était promue par les protons issus de l'autoprotolyse de l'eau à 190°C. L'ajout d'un catalyseur solide ayant une acidité de BrØnsted f

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33

Koster, Remko Misja. "Solid acid catalysed conversions of oleochemicals." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2003. http://dare.uva.nl/document/87387.

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34

Karaki, Mariam. "Matériaux à porosité contrôlée sulfonés : Synthèse, Caractérisation, Etude des propriétés catalytiques." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01064374.

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La catalyse solide acide a été pendant longtemps l'objet d'activité de recherche intense, en particulier pour l'industrie pétrochimique. Aujourd'hui, les catalyseurs solides acides sont de plus en plus étudiés dans d'autres domaines et en particulier dans celles liées à la "chimie verte" et à la valorisation des bioressources, telles que la synthèse de biodiesel et la transformation des polysaccharides. L'objectif de la thèse est d'étudier le potentiel des matériaux poreux sulfonés ayant une porosité contrôlée dans des réactions catalysées par un acide en condition eau surchauffé telle que l'h

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35

Valancogne, Ingrid. "Synthesis of unnatural amino acids and dipeptides for potential catalysts." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300361.

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36

Stewart, Iain Hunter. "Supercritical alkylation of isobutane with 1-butene using solic acid catalysts." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367174.

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37

Hemmann, Felix Terence. "Quantifizierung saurer Lewis- und Brønsted-Zentren auf Festkörperoberflächen." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17142.

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Ziel der vorliegenden Promotionsarbeit war die Entwicklung einer Methode zur Quantifizierung saurer Zentren auf Festkörperoberflächen mittels 15N-Festkörper-NMR-Spektroskopie von adsorbierten Pyridinmolekülen. Die 15N-Festkörper-NMR von adsorbiertem Pyridin ermöglicht die Unterscheidung verschiedener Arten von sauren Zentren, wie Lewis- und Brønsted-Zentren. Die Bestimmung der Art und der Konzentration auftretender saurer Zentren ist entscheidend, um die katalytische Aktivität fester Katalysatoren in einer Reaktion zu verstehen. Da 15N-NMR-Messungen zumeist zeitaufwendig sind, wurde in dieser

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38

Price, Peter Mark. "Aromatic alkylations catalysed by aluminium chloride modified mesoporous silica." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298443.

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39

Missengue-Na-Moutoula, Roland. "Synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite from South African fly ash and its application as solid catalyst." University of the Western cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5431.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD<br>Zeolites are widely used as environmentally friendly solid catalysts or catalyst supports in the refining and petrochemical industries. ZSM-5 zeolite is composed of a three-dimensional medium pore structure (openings of 5-5.5 Å) with high silica content, high temperature stability and strong acidity making it a well-known and an established catalyst for several petroleum derived chemical processes such as cracking, aromatic alkylation, disproportionation, Methanol-to-Gasoline, isomerisation, etc. Nowadays, the synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite from silica, alumina sources

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40

Sahu, R. "Solid acid and supported metal catalyst for biomass conversion into value added chemicals." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2011. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/3765.

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41

Kunde, L. B. "Catalytic applications of solid acid/base catalyst for the benign synthesis of fine chemicals." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2011. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2115.

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42

McIntosh, Debra Joy. "Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous sulfated zirconia and its use as a solid acid catalyst." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0019/MQ48026.pdf.

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43

Dingwall, Lee D. "In-situ spectroscopic studies of the mechanism of solid super-acid catalysed methanol carbonylation." Thesis, University of York, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1077/.

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Acetic acid is an important industrial chemical, used in paints, plastics and as a solvent for many important reactions including the formation of many household polymers. As a result of this heavy demand, 8 million tonnes of acetic acid is produced annually, 80 % of which is produced by methanol carbonylation. Current industrial processes involve rhodium and iridium catalysed homogeneous reactions. The use of heterogeneous catalysts in the synthesis of acetic acid would offer several process advantages. This thesis explores Ru/Rh doped heteropolyacid systems for catalytic application especial

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44

Grishechko, Liudmila. "Études des procédés de conversion de la lignine de bois en hydrocarbures liquides et en aérogels." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0248/document.

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Cette thèse décrit le développement de procédés utilisables pour valoriser des extraits de bois afin de préparer : (1) des combustibles (hydrocarbures) liquides ; (2) des matériaux poreux avec des applications potentielles dans les domaines de l’énergie et l’environnement, notamment isolation thermique, catalyse, piégeage et séparation de micropolluants. Les extraits de bois en question sont des lignines, associées ou non à des tannins. Les deux types de matériaux sont actuellement peu valorisés, et l’on montre qu’ils peuvent être source de valeur ajoutée au travers des procédés rapportés dans

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45

Iwase, Yukari. "Application of Metal Nanoparticles and Polyoxometalates for Efficient Photocatalysis and Catalysis." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232051.

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46

Kourieh, Reem. "Synthèse et caractérisation de catalyseurs de type oxydes mixtes pour des applications environnementales." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00993106.

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Ce travail est en relation avec la thématique "Chimie Verte" en particulier, le rôle de la catalyse,l'utilisation des matières premières renouvelables et l'élimination des produits nocifs.- Quatre échantillons commerciaux de zircone tungstatée de Mel-Chemicals.- deux séries de zircone tungstatée préparées par deux méthodes différentes avec une teneuren WO3 de 1 à 20 % en masse.- des oxydes binaires tels que WO3-ZrO2, B2O3-ZrO2, Al2O3-ZrO2, Ga2O3-ZrO2 et In2O3-ZrO2.- des oxydes binaires tels que WO3-Me2O3 (Me = B, Al, Ga et In) et finalement des oxydesternaires WO3/(Me2O3-ZrO2) (Me = B, Al, Ga

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47

Gomes, Glaucio José. "Estudo experimental e teórico de zeólitas H-BETA e H-ZSM-5 na produção de ésteres alquílicos." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2016. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/809.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T15:14:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Glaucio_J_Gomes.pdf: 2760994 bytes, checksum: ed1586b3de70d1981cd1f4c6b68eb593 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-07<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>The application of zeolites in catalytic processes is of great interest in several chemical reactions that involves transformation of biomass into higher value-added products. In a similar sense, conversion of fatty acids into esters catalyzed by Hzeolites have sprouted a widely-varied academic and industrial attention due to it providi

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48

Martinis, Coll Jorge Maximiliano. "Single event kinetic modeling of solid acid alkylation of isobutane with butenes over proton-exchanged Y-Zeolites." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3232.

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Complex reaction kinetics of the solid acid alkylation of isobutane with butenes over a proton-exchanged Y-zeolite has been modeled at the elementary step level. Starting with a computer algorithm that generated the reaction network based on the fundamentals of the carbenium ion chemistry, the formation of over 100+ product species has been modeled in order to gain understanding of the underlying phenomena leading to rapid catalyst deactivation and product selectivity shifts observed in experimental runs. An experimental investigation of the solid acid alkylation process was carried out in a f

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49

Pearce, Gordon M. "Synthesis, adsorption and catalysis of large pore metal phosphonates." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/823.

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The synthesis and properties of metal phosphonates prepared using piperazine-based bisphosphonic acids have been investigated. The ligands N,N’-piperazinebis(methylenephosphonic acid) (H₄L), and the 2-methyl (H₄L-Me) and 2,5-dimethyl (H₄L 2,5-diMe) derivatives have been prepared using a modified Mannich reaction. Hydrothermal reaction of gels prepared from metal (II) acetates and the bisphosphonic acids results in the synthesis of four structures: STA-12, Ni VSB-5, Co H₂L.H₂O and Mg H₂L. STA-12, synthesised by reaction of Mn, Fe, Co or Ni acetate with H₄L or H₄L-Me, has been investigated furth

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Merzouki, Mustapha. "Recherche de catalyseurs sélectifs dans l'oxydation ménagée de l'éthane en acide acétique." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD457.

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Actuellement la recherche industrielle vise à valoriser des hydrocarbures saturés, beaucoup moins coûteux que les hydrocarbures insaturés utilisés. C'est pourquoi nous nous sommes lancés à la recherche de catalyseurs capables de convertir sélectivement l'éthane en acide acétique. Nous avons prospecté les systèmes : (V-O), (V-P-O) et (Mo-V-Nb-O) dont la structure des phases présentes est du type ReO3. Les catalyseurs ont été préparés, caractérisés et testés dans un micro-réacteur. Les catalyseurs à base de VO2B, sont très peu actifs et très instables. Par contre (VO)2P2O7 seul ou dopé se révèle

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