Relevant bibliographies by topics / Solid phase content

Journal articles
Dissertations / Theses
Books
Book chapters
Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Solid phase content'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Solid phase content.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Solid phase content"

Shimizu, Yoshihisa, Noboru Takei, and Yutaka Terashima. "Roles of solid components on the sorption of trichloroethylene (TCE) onto natural solids from the vapor phase." Water Science and Technology 30, no. 7 (October 1, 1994): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0291.

Full text

Abstract:

The sorption of trichloroethylene (TCE) from the vapor phase was investigated by batch sorption experiments. The role of solid components in natural solids was evaluated with a model solid phase system, consisting of six individual model solid phases (humic acid, montmorillonite, kaolinite, amorphous aluminosilicate gel, amorphous iron oxides, and amorphous manganese oxides) and two binary model solid phases (montmorillonite with amorphous aluminosilicate gel and montmorillonite with amorphous iron oxides). Experimental results indicated that swelling clays, which are represented by the montmorillonite, are a dominant sorbent in natural solids. The amorphous metal oxides of aluminosilicate and iron effectively block the sorption site of the swelling clay. The water associated with model solid phases (i.e., moisture content) reduces the sorption. The reduction rate, normalized with respect to the sorption onto each model solid phase of zero moisture content, is greater for the inorganic model solid phases than for humic acid. The sorption experiments with natural solids observed a greater reduction rate for the natural solid of low organic carbon content. Therefore, it was hypothesized that moisture content of the swelling clays in a natural solid is smaller than that of the organic matter.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dubský, Martin, Šárka Chaloupková, Lukáš Kaplan, Stanislava Vondráčková, and Pavel Tlustoš. "Use of solid phase of digestate for production of growing horticultural substrates." Horticultural Science 46, No. 1 (March 29, 2019): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/221/2016-hortsci.

Full text

Abstract:

Solid phase of digestate (SD) of agricultural biogas plants, containing undecomposed fibrous fractions of organic matter, is usable as a constituent of growing substrates. The content of soluble salts and available nutrients is limiting for SD addition into growing substrates. For addition of SD with initial 80% moisture its content of ammonium nitrogen and available potassium is limiting. The SD with natural moistness can be used in peat based substrates up to 10% volume. The content of ammonium nitrogen during the drying of SD with the use of waste heat from biogas plants is decreased. Optimal proportion of dry SD (dSD) in peat based substrates ranged from 20 to 40% volume. Peat based substrates with 20% volume of dSD had suitable physical and chemical (e.g. content of available potassium<br /> < 300 mg/l) properties. These dSD-peat growing substrates have been successfully tested in greenhouse experiments with pot plants (Petunia, Impatiens, and Pelargonium). The addition of dSD to peat based substrates increased air capacity and decreased easily available water content. However, the basic fertilization of the dSD-peat growing substrates is necessary to optimize the content of nutrients.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Siegel, J. A., L. Mortelmans, E. van Cutsem, V. van den Maegdenbergh, M. de Roo, and J. L. Urbain. "Effect of Solid-Meal Caloric Content on Gastric Emptying Kinetics of Solids and Liquids." Nuklearmedizin 28, no. 04 (1989): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1629481.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, we have evaluated the effect of the caloric content of a physiological test meal on the gastric emptying kinetics of solids and liquids. 22 healthy male volunteers were studied in two groups matched for age. After an overnight fast, each volunteer underwent the same test procedure; in the first group (G I), 10 volunteers received a meal consisting of bread,111In-DTPA water and 1 scrambled egg labeled with 99mTc-labelled sulphur colloid; in the second group (G II) 12 volunteers were given the same meal but with 2 labeled eggs in order to increase the caloric content of the solid phase meal. Simultaneous anterior and posterior images were recorded using a dualheaded gamma camera. Solid and liquid geometric mean data were analyzed to determine the lag phase, the emptying rate and the half-emptying time for both solids and liquids. Solid and liquid gastric half-emptying times were significantly prolonged in G II compared to G I volunteers. For the solid phased, the delay was accounted for by a longer lag phase and a decrease in the equilibrium emptying rate. The emptying rate of the liquid phase was significantly decreased in G II compared to G I. Within each group, no statistically significant difference was observed between solid and liquid emptying rates. We conclude that the caloric content of the solid portion of a meal not only alters the emptying of the solid phase but also affects the emptying of the liquid component of the meal.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Shimizu, Y., N. Takei, and Y. Terashima. "Sorption of Organic Pollutants from Vapor Phase: The Effects of Natural Solid Characteristics and Moisture Content." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 1-2 (July 1, 1992): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0388.

Full text

Abstract:

The sorption of trichloroethylene (TCE) from vapor phase onto natural solids was investigated by batch sorption experiments. The effects of natural solid characteristics and moisture content on the sorption of TCE vapor were evaluated. As natural solids, six different US EPA soils and sediments were used. The moisture content of each natural solid was adjusted at four different values, including oven-dried condition. The linear sorption coefficients of TCE from the vapor phase (Kd’) were about one to four orders of magnitude greater than those from the aqueous phase. The Kd’ values for the oven-dried natural solids had poor correlation to the organic carbon content of natural solids. These results indicated that the sorption of TCE vapor was not controlled by the organic carbon referenced hydrophobic sorption. The Kd’ values for the oven-dried natural solids, however, correlate well with the cation exchange capacity (CEC) and swelling clay content of natural solids. The interaction of TCE molecules with the exchangeable cations on natural solid surface could be a dominant sorption mechanism. The Kd’ values decreased with increasing the moisture content of natural solids. The water on natural solid surface interferes the vapor-phase sorption of TCE onto the surface cations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Vodyanitskii, Yu N., and A. T. Savichev. "Refining Total Oxygen Content in the Solid Soil Phase." Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin 74, no. 3 (July 2019): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0147687419030086.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Maglia, F., C. Milanese, U. Anselmi-Tamburini, and Z. A. Munir. "Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis microalloying of MoSi2 with Nb and V." Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 8 (August 2003): 1842–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2003.0257.

Full text

Abstract:

Microalloying of MoSi2 to form Mo(1−x)MexSi2 (Me = Nb or V) was investigated by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method. With alloying element contents up to 5 at.%, a homogeneous C11b solid solution was obtained. For higher contents of alloying elements, the product contained both the C11b and the hexagonal C40 phases. The relative amount of the C40 phase increases with an increase in the content of alloying metals in the starting mixture. The alloying element content in the hexagonal C40 Mo(1−x)MexSi2 phase was nearly constant at a level of about 12 at.% for all starting compositions. In contrast, the content of the alloying elements in the tetragonal phase is considerably lower (around 4 at.%) and increases slightly as the Me content in the starting mixture is increased.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Wachowski, Marcin, Justyna Zygmuntowicz, Robert Kosturek, Katarzyna Konopka, and Waldemar Kaszuwara. "Manufacturing of Al2O3/Ni/Ti Composites Enhanced by Intermetallic Phases." Materials 14, no. 13 (June 24, 2021): 3510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133510.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, ceramic–metal composites in the Al2O3/Ti/Ni system were fabricated using the slip casting method. Two series of composites with 15 vol.% metal content and different solid phase contents were obtained and examined. A proper fabrication process allows obtaining composites enhanced by intermetallic phases. The microstructure of the base powders, slurries, and sintered composites was analyzed by scanning electron microscope. Analysis of the sedimentation tendency of slurries was carried out. The phase composition of the sintered samples was examined by X-ray diffraction analysis. A monotonic compression test was used to investigate the mechanical properties of the composites. A fractography investigation was also carried out. The research conducted revealed that the slip casting method allows the obtaining of composites enhanced by intermetallic phases (TiNi, Ni3Ti). The results show the correlation between solid-phase content, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the composites.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Kang, Jun-Gu, Jun-Ik Son, Ji-Su Min, Mi-Jeong Jang, Young Hyun Kwon, Ha-Nyoung Yoo, Young-Jae Ko, Jun-Hwa Kwon, Tae-Wan Jeon, and Sun-Kyoung Shin. "Analyzing Methods for Biomass Content in the Solid/Gas Phase." Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management 33, no. 8 (December 30, 2016): 810–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9786/kswm.2016.33.8.810.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Capitán-Vallvey, L. F., O. Duque, G. Mirón-Garcı́a, and R. Checa-Moreno. "Determination of protein content using a solid phase spectrophotometric procedure." Analytica Chimica Acta 433, no. 1 (April 2001): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(00)01269-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Zhang, D. L., and T. B. Massalski. "Solid state reactions between Pd and Si induced by high energy ball milling." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 1 (January 1994): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.0053.

Full text

Abstract:

Solid state reactions induced by high energy ball milling between Pd and Si have been studied. X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry have been used to characterize the resulting phases. During milling, Pd and Si react by diffusion to form different phases depending on the Si content in the starting mixture. With a low Si content of 19 at. %, an amorphous phase forms of the same composition. On continued milling, this amorphous phase partially crystallizes into Pd9Si2 and Pd2Si compounds. With the Si content equal to or higher than 33 at. %, no amorphous phases were observed. Instead, the Pd2Si phase is produced. For powder composition corresponding to the stoichiometric compound Pd2Si (33 at. % Si), the Pd2Si forms and remains stable during further milling. With Si content equal to or higher than 50 at. %, the initially produced Pd2Si is destabilized by a reaction with the remaining Si to form PdSi, which is a metastable phase at the temperature of ball milling. It is very unlikely that an amorphous phase of a composition equal to or higher than 33 at. % Si could be produced by ball milling in the Pd-Si system. This is because the Pd2Si phase forms very easily through the reaction between Pd and Si, and this reaction competes effectively with glass formation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Solid phase content"

Gulamussen, Noor Jehan. "Electrospun sorbents for solid phase extraction (SPE) and colorimetric detection of pesticides." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013241.

Full text

Abstract:

The thesis presents the evaluation of polysulfone sorbents for solid phase extraction (SPE) and the development of colorimetric probes for pesticides analysis in water. Through electrospraying and electrospinning techniques, different morphologies of sorbents (particles, beaded fibers and bead-free fibers) were fabricated. The sorbents were morphologically characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Adsorption capacities of sorbents were evaluated by conducting recoveries studies for model pesticides; atrazine, chlorpyrifos and DDT using batch and column SPE modes. Better recovery results were achieved by employing the batch mode of fibers, as values ranged from 98 to 105percent. Further sorbent evaluation was conducted using breakthrough experiments and static experiments. The breakthrough studies indicated that 1700 μL was the sample volume that could be percolated with no breakthrough of the analyte that correspond to a concentration of 150 mg/g of sorbent that can be extracted without any loss of analyte. From static studies, quantities of each model compound adsorbed into the fiber at the equilibrium time were evaluated. The adsorbed atrazine was 65, chlorpyrifos 250 and DDT 400 mg/g of sorbent. Kinetic studies suggested retention mechanism following pseudo first and second order model observed by high correlation coefficients (> 0. 96), demonstrating the fiber affinity to retain both polar and non-polar compounds opening a possibility to be used as sorbent for sample preparation of different classes of pesticides in water. For the second part of the study simple strategies for colorimetric sensing based on silver nanoparticles and polivinylpyrrolidone capped nanoparticles were developed, respectively for atrazine and chlorpyrifos detection. The limits of detection of the methods were 3.32 and 0.88 mg/L for atrazine and chlorpyrifos respectively. The applicability of the probe in real samples was demonstrated by the recoveries studies of tap water varying from 94 to 104 percent. The versatility of the probe was demonstrated by affording a simple, rapid and selective detection of atrazine and chlorpyrifos in the presence of other pesticides by direct analysis without employing any sample handling steps. Attempt to incorporate the probes in a solid support was achieved by using nylon 6 as solid support polymer proving to be fast and useful for on-site detection.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

MacDonald, James Douglas. "The partitioning of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn between the solid and solution phase of forest floor horizons in podzolic soils near metal smelters /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85575.

Full text

Abstract:

The emission of trace metals (TMs) into boreal forest regions of the northern hemisphere is an important environmental issue due to their potential detrimental impacts on these sensitive ecosystems. One of the foremost factors controlling metal cycling is the chemistry of the overlying organic forest floor of the forest soil. In this thesis we examine the chemistry of forest floor horizons of podzolic soils. Our goal is to improve our ability to predict the partitioning of metals between the soil solid and solution phases.
We developed a standard protocol to produce solutions that resemble lysimeter solutions from podzolic soils using air-dried samples. We hypothesized that the stabilization point of the electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil solution is indicative of the point in which soluble salts and organic material precipitated during sampling and storage are removed from the soil particle surfaces. Solutions produced by leaching the soils, once the EC of wash solutions had stabilized, were comparable to lysimeter solutions from the area where samples were collected with respect to the concentrations of divalent cations, pH, EC and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The applicability of this procedure to trace metal partitioning in forest floors was explored. Laboratory extractions produced partition coefficients (log Kd) similar to observed lysimeter solutions ranging from 3.4 to 3.9 for Cd, 3.4 to 3.9 for Cu, 3.4 to 4.1 for Ni, 4.1 to 5.2 for Pb and 3.2 to 3.5 for Zn. According to a semi-mechanistic regression model based on observed lysimeter concentrations, the metal concentrations in solution were appropriate relative to known factors that influence metal partitioning in soils: pH, the concentrations of total metals and DOC.
While chemical characteristics of soils have been consistently observed to play important roles in the partitioning and toxicity of metals we wished to place the importance of the chemical characteristics of soil on mobility and toxicity in context. We interpreted field data that had been collected from transects established with distance from two point source emitters in Rouyn PQ, and Sudbury ON. Canada find developed equations that predict dissolved metal concentrations from total metal concentrations, soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), and DOC contents. We integrated these equations into a simple box model that calculates changes in the concentration of metals in the organic and upper mineral horizons and includes a loop for vegetative return of metals to the forest floor.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Vilč, Ladislav. "Vliv teploty a času na podíl krystalické a amorfní fáze v polypropylenu." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233299.

Full text

Abstract:

is is a study of the relationship between structure, mechanical properties and relaxing behavior of the polypropylene. The structure was evaluated by the quantity the solid phase content (SPC). This was defined as mathematical result of free induction decay (FID) signal from pulsed 1H-NMR. The solid phase content is a quite new structural parameter representing the quantity for description of semi-crystalline polymers. Whereas pulsed 1H-NMR is non-destructive, accurate and repeatable, it becomes a unique tool for a description of mechanical, structural, physical-mechanical changes of polypropylene within the time and temperature. Particularly, this method registers the small changes in the time-dependant shipments during secondary crystallization with small structure changes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Alford, Shannon Recca. "Analytical method for detecting PCB derivatives at low levels in surface water samples by solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry." Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2005. http://library.msstate.edu/content/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-12142004-142520.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Hanazawa, Tomohito. "Effects of fat particles on the stability of complex food systems." Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/242551.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Mukherjee, Manas. "Bubble Solid Interaction." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/78.

Full text

Abstract:

The interaction of a bubble with solid surfaces, hydrophobic and hydrophilic, was investigated. When a bubble approaches towards a solid surface, a thin liquid film forms between them. The liquid in the film drains until an instability forms and film ruptures resulting in a three phase contact (TPC). Following rupture, the TPC line spreads on the solid surface. In the present study, glycerol-water solutions with varying percentages of water were used to investigate the effect of viscosity. Experiments were carried out with varying bubble size. The rupture and TPC line movement were recorded by high-speed digital video camera. The dependence of the TPC line movement on different parameters was investigated. The experimental results were compared with the existing theories for the TPC line movement. An empirical equation was developed to predict the TPC line movement. Formation or rupturing of the intervening film in case of a hydrophilic surfaces, which were glass surface cleaned by six cleaning techniques, was investigated. It was shown that a stable film forms for acid or alkali cleaning.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Papillon, Anthony. "Frittage de composites Cu-Cr pour l'élaboration de matériaux de contact d'ampoules à vide." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI099.

Full text

Abstract:

Les composites Cu-Cr sont couramment utilisés comme matériaux de contact électrique pour ampoules à vide des disjoncteurs de moyenne tension. Pourtant très répandu, le frittage en phase solide de ces matériaux a été relativement peu étudié. L’optimisation du procédé passe par la compréhension des mécanismes de frittage. Cette étude est focalisée sur deux aspects importants du frittage : les processus d’oxydo-réduction liés aux oxydes de surfaces des poudres et la compétition entre mécanismes de densification et de gonflement au cours du frittage.L’oxydo-réduction a été étudiée par analyse thermogravimétrique couplée à différentes techniques de spectroscopie d’abord sur les matériaux purs puis sur les composites. Des analyses des interfaces par des coupes réalisées au FIB ont permis de préciser la localisation de l’oxyde dans les matériaux frittés. Un transfert d’oxygène a lieu entre les poudres de cuivre et de chrome. L’intensité de ce transfert dépend de la nature réductrice de l’atmosphère utilisée.La densification a été analysée par dilatométrie sur les matériaux purs et sur les composites. Ces analyses ont été appuyées par des observations microstructurales, notamment par tomographie des rayons X. L’effet des paramètres du procédé (atmosphère, vitesse de chauffage, poudres…) a été étudié. Les résultats montrent le lien entre la désoxydation des poudres de cuivre et le frittage. Un phénomène de gonflement du cuivre seul s’explique par le dégazage du cuivre à haute température lors de la fermeture des pores. Ce gonflement n’a pas lieu dans les composites Cu-Cr car le chrome retarde la fermeture des pores et piège les gaz émis par le cuivre en formant l’oxyde Cr2O3. L’atmosphère de frittage, la morphologie et la taille des poudres de chrome influent sur la densification. Le frittage sous vide permet de réduire la porosité. Une morphologie sphérique des particules de chrome limite l’effet inhibiteur de celui-ci sur la densification. Pour de faibles tailles de particules, le chrome participe à la densification, ce qui permet de mieux densifier le matériau. Ces résultats ouvrent des voies d’optimisation du procédé de frittage des matériaux.Les matériaux élaborés ont été testés dans leurs conditions d’utilisation, c'est-à-dire lors de coupures sur court-circuit en ampoule à vide. Ces essais ont montré l’intérêt de réduire la quantité d’oxyde de chrome et ont permis de déterminer l’effet des impuretés rencontrées usuellement sur les poudres de cuivre et de chrome
Cu-Cr composites are commonly used as contact materials for medium voltage circuit breakers vacuum bottles. Solid state sintering process of Cu-Cr composites is widespread but has been relatively little studied. Optimizing the process requires understanding the sintering mechanisms. This study was focused on two important aspects of sintering: the redox reactions associated to oxides on the powder surface and the competition between densification and swelling mechanisms during sintering.The redox reactions were studied by thermogravimetric analysis coupled to various spectroscopic techniques, first on isolated Cu and Cr, then on Cu-Cr composites. Interfaces analyses obtained by FIB clarified the location of the oxide inside the sintered materials. Oxygen transfer takes place between copper and chromium powders. This phenomenon strongly depends on the reducing character of the sintering atmosphere.Densification was analyzed by dilatometry on Cu, Cr and Cu-Cr composites. This analysis was supported by microstructural observations, including X-ray tomography .The effect of process parameters (atmosphere, heating rate, powders ...) was studied. The results show the relationship between sintering and copper oxide reduction. The swelling phenomenon of copper compacts is explained by high temperature degassing of copper during pore closure. This swelling does not occur in Cu-Cr composites as chromium delays pore closing and entraps the gases released by copper. Sintering atmosphere, chromium morphology and chromium particle size affect densification. Vacuum sintering reduces porosity. Chromium particles with spherical shape limit its inhibiting effect on densification. For small particle sizes, chromium participates to densification, leading to better densification of the material. These results open the route for optimizing the sintering of Cu-Cr composites.Cu-Cr composites were tested for short circuit performance in vacuum interrupters. The result of these tests showed the importance of reducing the chromium oxide amount. The effect of impurities commonly encountered on the powders copper and chromium powders was also determined

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Martin, Sylvain. "Contribution à la modélisation du frittage en phase solide." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2144/document.

Full text

Abstract:

Cette thèse traite de la modélisation du frittage à l’échelle du Volume Élémentaire Représentatif de la pastille de matériau. L’objectif est de développer des outils numériquesde compréhension des phénomènes physiques mis en jeu lors du frittage. Le domaine d’application ciblé est la fabrication du combustible nucléaire. Une approche multi-Échelle a été mise en oeuvre. Dans un premier temps une modélisation à l’échelle d’un empilement, basée sur la méthode des Éléments Discrets, a été adoptée. Différentes études utilisant cette approche ont été proposées dans la littérature ces dernières années. Tous ces travaux utilisent une méthode discrète explicite. Si certains résultats ont pu être validés expérimentalement,une des limites vient de l’utilisation des méthodes explicites dontle pas de temps critique est très petit. Afin d’augmenter le pas de temps, la masse des particules y est augmentée artificiellement de plusieurs ordres de grandeur. Or,il a été démontré que cette pratique conduit, dans certains cas, à une diminution du réarrangement des particules au sein de l’empilement. Dans cette thèse, une méthode Éléments Discrets implicite appelée Dynamique des Contacts a été adaptée au frittage. Elle permet l’utilisation d’un pas de temps très supérieur à celui des méthodes discrètes explicites et ne nécessite pas d’augmenter artificiellement la massedes particules. La comparaison entre la Dynamique des Contacts et la Méthode des Éléments Discrets explicite montre que notre approche conduit à une représentation plus fidèle du réarrangement. Une validation expérimentale par Microtomographie X ainsi qu’une étude paramétrique sur le frittage des poudres bidispersés sont également présentées pour montrer les possibilités de l’approche discrète appliquée au frittage.La seconde partie est consacrée à une modélisation à l’échelle de deux particules parla méthode des Éléments Finis. Ce modèle repose sur une approche mécanique et vise à représenter de façon plus précise le comportement de deux particules en contact. Les diffusions au joint de grains, en surface et en volume peuvent être représentées. Pour le moment, seules les diffusions en surface et au joint de grains ont été étudiées. Si certaines optimisations restent nécessaires pour que le code soit fonctionnel, plusieurs aspects apparaissent déjà déterminants, comme la courbure de la surface à proximité du joint de grains. A l’avenir, le modèle Dynamique des Contacts du frittage pourra être complété etamélioré grâce aux éléments apportés par le modèle mécanique à l’échelle du grain
This thesis deals with the simulation of the sintering of nuclear fuel on a pellet scale. The goal is to develop numerical tools which can contribute to a better understandingof the physical phenomena involved in the sintering process. Hence, a multi scale approach is proposed. First of all, a Discrete Element model is introduced. It aims at modeling the motion of particles on a Representative Elementary Volume scale using an original Discrete Element Method. The latter is a Non Smooth Method called Contact Dynamics. Recently, there have been numerous papers about the simulation of sintering using Discrete Element Method. As far as we know, all these papers use smooth methods. Different studies show that the results match well experimental data. However, some limits come from the fact that smooth methods use an explicit scheme which needsvery small time steps. In order to obtain an acceptable time step, the mass of particles have to be dramatically increased. The Non Smooth Contact Dynamics uses an implicit scheme, thus time steps can be much larger without scaling up the mass of particles. The comparison between smooth and non smooth approaches shows thatour method leads to a more realistic representation of rearrangement. An experimental validation using synchrotron X-Ray microtomography is then presented, followedby a parametric study on the sintering of bimodal powders that aims at showing the capacity of this model.The second part presents a mechanical model on the sub-Granular scale, using a Finite Element method. This targets a better understanding of the behavior of twograins in contact. The model is currently being developped but the first results already show that some parameters like the shape of the surface of the neck are very sensitive.In the future, the Non smooth Contact Dynamics model of sintering may be improvedusing the results obtained by the sub-Granular scale mechanical model

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Radulescu, Fabian. "Pd-Ge ohmic contact on to GaAs formed by the solid phase epitaxy of Ge : a microstructure study /." Full text open access at:, 2000. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,226.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Cerezo, Frias Vanessa. "Síntesi de base sòlida de pèptids biarílics contenint 5-arilhistidines." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8054.

Full text

Abstract:

Els aminoàcids biarílics es troben en una àmplia varietat de pèptids naturals amb important activitat biològica. Concretament, les arilhistidines formen part de les aciculitines, pèptids amb activitat citotòxica i antifúngica, La reacció de Suzuki-Miyaura és el mètode més versàtil per obtenir biarils assimètrics, encara que, fins el moment, no s'havia aplicat per a l'arilació de l'imidazole de la histidina. L'objectiu general d'aquesta tesi fou demostrar que es podia arilar l'imidazole de la histidina en fase sòlida mitjançant una reacció de Suzuki-Miyaura. En primer lloc, es sintetitzaren 4(5)-metil-5(4)-fenilimidazole i 4(5)-metil-5(4)-(2-metoxifenil)imidazole a través de l'acoblament creuat entre un N-benzilbromoimidazole i el corresponent àcid arilborònic. Posteriorment, s'arilaren 5-bromohistidines utilitzant diversos àcids arilborònics mitjançant una reacció de Suzuki-Miyaura assistida per irradiació micrones, tant en dissolució com en fase sòlida. I finalment, mitjançant aquesta metodología, es sintetitzaren pèptids antimicrobians contenint 5-arilhistidines actius contra bacteris gram-negatius responsables d'importants malalties en plantes com el foc bacterià.
Biaryl amino acids are present in a great variety of natural peptides which display important biological activities. In particular, arylhistidines naturally occur in cytotoxic and antifungal marine peptides, aciculitins. The Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling is the most versatile method to obtain unsymmetrical biaryls. Up to now, it had not been applied to the arylation of the histidine imidazole ring. The main objective of this thesis was to demonstrate that a Suzuki-Miyaura reaction was amenable to solid-phase arylation of the histidine imidazole ring. Firstly, it was synthesized 4(5)-methyl-5(4)-phenylimidazole and 4(5)-methyl-5(4)-(2-methoxyphenyl)imidazole by cross-coupling between N-benzylbromoimidazole and the corresponding arylboronic acid. Secondly, 5-bromohistidines were arylated with several arylboronic acids by a microwave-assisted Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction in solution as well as solid-phase leading to the corresponding arylhistidines. Finally, antimicrobial peptides containing 5-arylhistidines were prepared using the previous methodology. They showed activity against gram-negative bacteria responsible of important plant diseases such as fire blight.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

More sources

Books on the topic "Solid phase content"

Walsh, Marianne E. Development of an analytical method for white phosphorus (P₄) in water and sediment using solid-phase microextraction. Hanover, N.H: US Army Corps of Engineers, Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory, 1996.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sandstrom, Mark W. Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory: Determination of moderate-use pesticides and selected degradates in water by C-18 solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Zaugg, Steven D. Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory: Determination of wastewater compounds by polystyrene-divinylbenzene solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2002.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Methods of analysis and quality-assurance practices of the U.S. Geological Survey organic laboratory, Sacramento, California: Determination of pesticides in water by solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Sacramento, Calif: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

L, Domagalski Joseph, Kuivila Kathryn M, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Methods of analysis and quality-assurance practices of the U.S. Geological Survey organic laboratory, Sacramento, California: Determination of pesticides in water by solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Sacramento, Calif: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Method of analysis and quality-assurance practices for determination of pesticides in water by solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry at the U.S. Geological Survey California District Organic Chemistry Laboratory, 1996-99. Sacramento, Calif: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2000.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

T, Furlong Edward, Geological Survey (U.S.), and National Water-Quality Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory: Determination of pesticides in water by graphitized carbon-based solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

W, Sandstrom Mark, Geological Survey (U.S.), and National Water-Quality Laboratory (U.S.), eds. Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory: Determination of moderate-use pesticides and selected degradates in water by C-18 solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

D, Zaugg Steven, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory: Determination of pesticides in water by C-18 solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with selected-ion monitoring. Denver, Colo: U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Solid phase content"

Tekeli, Suleyman, Bulent Aktas, and Serdar Salman. "Influence of La2O3 Additive Content on the Phase Stability, Sintering and Microstructure of 8 MOL% Y2O3 Stabilized Cubic Zirconia (8YSZ) Ceramic Used for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Applications." In Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials, 267–76. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118371305.ch32.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Topolov, V. Yu. "Relations Between Domain States and Phase Contents in Perovskite-Type Ferroelectric Solid Solutions." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 89–107. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03749-3_8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Yamasaki, Edith F., Altaf A. Wani, and Ronald W. Trewyn. "Chapter 4 Solid Phase Immunoassay for Determining the Inosine Content in Transfer RNA." In Journal of Chromatography Library, B125—B142. Elsevier, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-4770(08)61490-6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Rodríguez-Sulbarán, Pedro J., Claudio A. Lugo, Manuel A. Perez, Sergio L. Gonzalez-Cortes, Renato D'Angelo, Jairo Rondon, Hildemaro Melendez, et al. "Dry Reforming of Methane on LaSrNiAl Perovskite-Type Structures Synthesized by Solution Combustion." In Advanced Solid Catalysts for Renewable Energy Production, 242–66. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3903-2.ch009.

Full text

Abstract:

A comprehensive study of the effect of the combustion fuel (i.e., glycine and sucrose), ignition source (i.e., furnace and microwave radiation), and nickel content is carried out for the dry reforming of methane (DRM) using La0.6Sr0.4NiyAl1-yO3 (LaSrNiAl) (y = 0.1; 0.2 and 0.3) perovskite-type catalyst precursors synthesized by solution combustion synthesis (SCS). The composition of the catalyst precursor and the combustion fuel rather than the ignition source affected markedly the crystalline phase composition, crystallite size, morphology, specific surface, and reducibility. Those changes are also reflected in the catalytic performance of the SCS-prepared catalyst in the reaction of DRM. The results clearly show that the SCS approach can effectively tune the dry reforming of methane and the reverse water-gas shift reactions by varying the combustion fuels.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Jemmali, Mosbah, and Lotfi Bessais. "Effect of M Substitution on Structural, Magnetic and Magnetocaloric Properties of R2Fe17-x Mx (R = Gd, Nd; M = Co, Cu) Solid Solutions." In Magnetic Skyrmions. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96299.

Full text

Abstract:

The structure, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Nd2Fe17−xCox (x = 0; 1; 2; 3, 4) and Gd2Fe17-xCux (x = 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5) solid solutions have been studied. For this purpose, these samples were prepared by arc melting and subsequent annealing at 1073 K for a 7 days. Structural analysis by Rietveld method on X-ray diffraction (XRD) have determined that these alloys crystallize in the rhombohedral Th2Zn17-type structure (Space group R¯3 m) and the substitution of iron by nickel and copper leads to a decrease in the unit cell volume. The Curie temperature (TC) of the prepared samples depends on the nickel and copper content. Based on the Arrott plot, these analyses show that Nd2Fe17-xCox exhibits a second-order ferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase transition around the Curie temperature. These curves were also used to determine the magnetic entropy change ∆SMax and the relative cooling power. For an applied field of 1.5 T, ∆SMax increase from 3.35 J/kg. K for x = 0 to 5.83 J/kg. K for x = 2. In addition the RCP increases monotonously. This is due to an important temperature range for the magnetic phase transition, contributing to a large ∆SMax shape. Gd2Fe17-xCux solid solution has a reduction of the ferromagnetic phase transition temperature from 475 K (for x = 0) to 460 K (for x = 1.5) is due to the substitution of the magnetic element (Fe) by non-magnetic atoms (Cu). The magnetocaloric effect was determined in the vicinity of the Curie temperature TC. By increasing the Cu content, an increase in the values of magnetic entropy (∆SMax) in a low applied field is observed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sheshukov, Oleg, and Michael Mikheenkov. "Peculiarities of Portland Cement Clinker Synthesis in the Presence of a Significant Amount of SO3 in a Raw Mix." In Cement Industry - Optimization, Characterization and Sustainable Application. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94915.

Full text

Abstract:

Due to the depletion of the raw material base and a technogenic materials addition into a raw mix for the Portland cement clinker synthesis, sulfur and its oxides amount in a raw mix increases. According to literature the Portland cement clinker synthesis in the presence of a sulfur oxides significant amount is difficult. As the content of SO3 in the raw mix increases the amount of C2S increases while C3S and C3A amount decrease. With an equal total content of C2S and C3S in the clinker their ratio C3S/C2S decreases with an increased content of SO3. These factors lead to a deterioration in the Portland cement clinker quality. The clinker formation reactions thermodynamic analysis and some experimental studies allow determining reasons for the Portland cement clinker quality deterioration. It was found that the presence significant amount of a SO3 in the raw mix the synthesis in solid phase of low-basic C4A3S¯ (ye’elimite) is the thermodynamically preferred rather than high-basic C3A and C4AF. As a result, excess and crystallized free lime inhibits the C3S synthesis through the liquid phase. The experimental studies result helped to develop a methodology for calculating the composition of a raw mix from materials with significant amount of SO3. It allows to reduce the SO3 negative effect on the Portland cement clinker synthesis and to obtain high-quality Portland cement.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Rano, Ruma. "Characterization of Magnetic and Non-Magnetic Components From a Low Carbon Fly Ash." In Global Perspectives on Air Pollution Prevention and Control System Design, 46–67. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7289-3.ch002.

Full text

Abstract:

Low carbon coal ash—a solid air pollutant from super thermal power plant using pulverized fuel combustor—has been characterized in respect of its physico-chemical, mineralogical, and morphological features. Size-classified fractions with their magnetic and non-magnetic components have also been characterized. Low loss on ignition and particle size distribution profile shows fly ash has high utility. The magic number,10 µm, is attained by greater % of particles. The particles with diameter 50 µm occupy population density of 93%. SEM-EDS reveals that particles are mostly globular with high surface enrichment of Al/Si indicating that it will act as un-reactive inert fillers. In magnetic components, various types of Fe bearing phase are present with less porous and more regular shape than non-magnetic components. Finer fractions have high content of magnetite which is expected to help in coal beneficiation. The finer non-magnetic fraction is a source of alumino-siliceous material for synthesizing a novel solid acid or base catalyst for catalyzing industrially important organic reactions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Sasaki, Keiko, and Kojo T. Konadu. "Biotechnological Approaches to Facilitate Gold Recovery from Double Refractory Gold Ores." In Biotechnology in Mining and Metallurgical Industry [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94334.

Full text

Abstract:

Double refractory gold ore (DRGO) not only include ppt levels of gold grains locked in sulfide minerals but also a problematic amount of carbonaceous matter. This causes a significant recovery loss of gold during cyanidation because of the strong affinity of the Au(CN)2 − with the carbonaceous matter. Combustion decreases the carbonaceous matter content, but also emits pollutant gases like CO2, SO2 and As2O3. Therefore, environmentally-friendly solutions have been explored by using biotechnology. Due to the very small amount of the above targets in the ore, it is challenging to show evidential changes in solid-phase before and after the biomineral processing of DRGO. This chapter introduces the mineralogical and chemical changes in the various solid residues produced during a sequential biotreatment, consisting of the liberation of gold from sulfides by an iron-oxidizer and decomposition of carbonaceous matter by lignin-degrading enzymes (lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, laccase) secreted from a white rot-fungus, which successfully improved of gold recovery to over 90%. In addition, further development of biotechnology in the recovery of gold from DRGO is addressed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Bunker, Bruce C., and William H. Casey. "Nucleation and Growth of Solid Oxide and Hydroxide Phases." In The Aqueous Chemistry of Oxides. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199384259.003.0013.

Full text

Abstract:

In this chapter, we consider what happens when solids begin to form from solution. To grow solids from solution, solution conditions are changed from a condition in which all species are completely soluble to a condition in which they are insoluble. In the context of hydrolysis diagrams, the solution composition moves in pH and total dissolved metal concentration from a regime below a solubility or saturation limit (given by the bold solid line in Figs. 5.2 and 5.3) to a regime above this limit where the solution is supersaturated. Supersaturated solutions are inherently unstable and have the potential to generate hydroxide or oxide solids. Sometimes these solutions can be maintained in a metastable state in which precipitation does not occur immediately. However, Mother Nature eventually reduces the energy of the solution by forming a stable mixture of solids plus solution species. As solids form, soluble complexes are removed from solution until concentrations drop back to the solubility limit. The precipitation of a solid from an aqueous solution is a surprisingly complex process, involving nucleation and growth phenomena that occur at nanometer-length scales. Nucleation involves reactions between oligomers to form new clusters or particles that are sufficiently large that they do not redissolve spontaneously via the reversible reactions denoted in hydrolysis diagrams. Homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation processes represent events that occur within the bulk solution or at the interface of another phase, respectively. Growth involves the addition of monomers to clusters in solution or oligomers to existing particles or surfaces. The combination of nucleation and growth phenomena can lead to oxides exhibiting a bewildering range of sizes, shapes, and crystal structures. How do metal complexes decide whether to form a new particle or add to an existing particle? What determines the size, shape, and crystal structure of evolving particles? Do the particles aggregate with one another in an organized fashion? Because nucleation typically involves extremely rapid (<1 millisecond) events involving objects that are extremely small (on the order of a nanometer), it is difficult to probe such phenomena at a molecular level.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Tiwari, Vivek, and R. S. Thakur. "Knowledge-Based Forensic Patterns and Engineering System." In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition, 1376–83. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.ch118.

Full text

Abstract:

The primary center behind this chapter is outline a devoted framework which can store forensic digital data patterns permanently. The issues, challenges, conceptual multilayer framework for developing forensic pattern warehouse for betterment of forensic prediction and forecasting has been discussed. A sequence of phases is involved during the design processes of forensic pattern warehouse and initially, conceptual modeling is one of the significant and the initial phase of forensic pattern warehouse design, because it constructs the solid framework for the next level of phases. In view of high semantic nature, there is a need to take a different approach for forensic pattern warehouse design to accommodate flexibility, isolation, extensibility and robustness. In this way, the context oriented forensic pattern warehouse design is one of the possible ways to manage patterns in a better way. The context of underlying pattern also helps to guide the queries to give more satisfactory result.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Solid phase content"

Kocifaj, Miroslav, and Gorden Videen. "Optical characteristics of composite ellipsoidal solid-phase aerosols with variable carbon content." In Tenth Conference on Electromagnetic and Light Scattering. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ichmt.2007.confelectromagligscat.230.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Li, Tongda, Wei Qiao, Hao Li, Qizhen Sun, Zhijun Yan, and Deming Liu. "Distributed acoustic sensor based sand content detection in solid–liquid two-phase flow." In Asia Communications and Photonics Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/acpc.2020.t1a.3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Lavrov, A. S., A. P. Khomyakov, S. V. Mordanov, and V. A. Nikulin. "Methodic for simulation of mixing the processes with large content of the solid phase." In VI Information school of a young scientist. Central Scientific Library of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32460/ishmu-2018-6-0018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Kochergina, E. V., A. O. Vagina, A. O. Taukin, A. V. Abramov, G. M. Bunkov, and O. I. Rebrin. "Control of trace elements content in solid-phase extraction sorbent by x-ray fluorescence analysis." In THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICAL INSTRUMENTATION AND ADVANCED MATERIALS 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0032672.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Hanzawa, S., and T. Hanyu. "Design of an 8-nsec-search 72-bit-word Content-Addressable Memory using Phase-Change Devices." In 2009 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2009.p-5-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Konduru, Vinaykumar, Ezequiel Medici, and Jeffrey S. Allen. "Sensitivity of Thermal Transport and Phase-Change in Thin Porous Layers to the Distribution of the Solid Matrix." In ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2013-17476.

Full text

Abstract:

Understanding the water transport in the Porous Transport Layer (PTL) is important to improve the operational performance of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). High water content in the PTL and flow channel decreases the transport of the gas reactants to the polymer electrolyte membrane. Dry operating conditions result in increased ohmic resistance of the polymer electrolyte membrane. Both cases result in decreased fuel cell performance. Multi-phase flow in the PTL of the fuel cell is simulated as a network of pores surrounded by the solid material. The pore-phase and the solid-phase of the PTL are generated by varying the parameters of the Weibull distribution function. In the network model, the mass transfer takes place in the pore-phase and the bulk heat transfer takes place in the both the solid-phase and liquid phase of the PTL. Previous studies have looked at the thermal and mass transport in the porous media considering the pore size distribution. In the present study, the sensitivity of the thermal and mass transport to the different arrangements of the solid-phase is carried out and the effect of different solid-phase distributions on the thermal and liquid transport in PTL of PEM fuel cell are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Ateshian, Gerard A., Kevin D. Costa, Evren U. Azeloglu, Barclay Morrison, and Clark T. Hung. "Continuum Modeling of Biological Tissue Growth by Cell Division." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-205495.

Full text

Abstract:

A framework is formulated for continuum modeling of biological tissue growth that explicitly addresses cell division, using a homogenized representation of cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The essential elements of this model rely on the description of the cell as containing a solution of water and osmolytes, and having osmotically inactive solid constituents that may be generically described as a porous solid matrix. The division of a cell into two nearly identical daughter cells normally starts with the duplication of cell contents during the synthesis phase, followed by cell division during the mitosis phase. Thus, ultimately, cell division is equivalent to doubling of the cell solid matrix and osmolyte content, and a resulting increase in water uptake via osmotic effects. In a homogenized representation of the tissue, the geometry of individual cells is not modeled explicitly, but their solid matrix and intracellular osmolyte content can be suitably incorporated into the analysis of the tissue response, thereby accounting for their osmotic effects. Thus, cell division can be described by the growth of these cell constituents, including the accumulation of osmotically active content, and the resultant uptake of water.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Shemet, V., P. O. Santacreu, L. Singheiser, and W. J. Quadakkers. "Oxidation Behaviour of Fe-Cr Based Alloys in Simulated Anode Side Gases of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." In ASME 2009 7th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2009-85249.

Full text

Abstract:

One of the challenges in improving the performance and reducing the costs of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC’s) is the development of suitable interconnect materials. Recent research has shown that specially developed Fe-Cr based alloys possess the suitable combination of properties required for SOFC interconnect materials. Two commercial ferritic steels Crofer22APU (ThyssenKrupp VDM), F18TNb and F18TNbY (ArcelorMittal) were selected and evaluated in respect to oxidation behaviour under conditions relevant to the anode side of SOFC’s. Additionally, the electrical conductivity of the surface oxide scales at the SOFC service temperature of 800°C was determined. Isothermal and cyclic oxidation tests were carried out in three types of gases simulating compositions prevailing at the anode side of an SOFC. The gases differed in water vapour content as well as additions of CO and CO2. The tests were carried out in the temperature range 800–900°C with exposure times up to 3000 h. The results showed that the minor alloying elements Al and Si exhibited a significant effect on oxide scale adherence and area specific resistance (ASR) of the surface oxide scales. The high chromium contents of the steel resulted in formation of oxide scales with excellent protective properties which resulted in excellent resistance against carburization in the CO/CO2-containing test gas. The high chromium content has, however, as disadvantage that the alloys may be prone to embrittlement by σ-phase formation at lower temperatures. If chromium contents are well above approximately 22%, this σ-phase formation may even occur during 800°C exposure. In general, all tested alloys exhibited acceptable performance for interconnect materials but a substantially decrease in oxidation rate could be achieved with an additionally applied Y2O3 coating.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Lu, Peng, Dong Han, Wenhao Pu, and Chen Yue. "Study on the Flow Characteristics of High-Pressure and Dense-Phase Pneumatic Conveying of Different Pulverized Coal in IGCC Field." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68665.

Full text

Abstract:

Entrained flow coal gasification is the key technology in IGCC field for its cleanness and high-efficiency. High-pressure and dense-phase pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal is of great importance for the entrained flow pulverized coal gasification. There are great differences between dense-phase pneumatic conveying systems at high pressure and common pneumatic conveying systems because of its lower conveying speed, high solid concentration and complex flow patterns. By changing conveying pressure, total differential pressure and fluidizing gas flow rate, experimental investigations were conducted on the conveying characteristics of pulverized coal with different coal category, different particle size, and different moisture content. The results showed that pneumatic conveying at high pressure is more propitious to obtain higher solid flux, higher solid-gas ratio and lower velocity transport. Solid flux increased with the total differential pressure but the trend was lowered at last due to the system limit. Solid-gas ratio increased at first and then decreased with the total differential pressure. Both solid flux and solid-gas ratio increased slightly with fluidizing gas flow rate at first and then decreased a little for the pulverized coal of two different particle sizes. Pulverized coal with the smaller particle size possessed better conveying ability and was easier to obtain higher solid-gas ratio. Solid flux of Inner Mongolia lignite decreased with the increasing moisture content in the pulverized coal. Conveying ability of Yanzhou bituminous coal was the best and Inner Mongolia bituminous coal was the worst among the three representative coal kinds in China tested. The characteristics of the pressure drops at different pipeline test sections were investigated considering the total differential pressure, solid-gas ratio, particle sizes and moisture content, respectively. Supplemental gas flow rate should be restricted to a range in order to transport successfully when conveying Inner Mongolia bituminous coal of 300μm. The work above will provide valuable experiences for future research on high-pressure and dense-phase pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal in IGCC field.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Martynov, P. N., R. Sh Askhadullin, A. A. Simakov, A. Yu Chaban’, and A. Yu Legkikh. "Designing Mass Exchangers for Control of Oxygen Content in Pb-Bi (Pb) Coolants in Various Research Facilities." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75506.

Full text

Abstract:

The solid-phase method designed by the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation - Institute for Physics and Power Engineering (SSC RF - IPPE) for the oxygen thermodynamic activity control [1, 2] implies the use of oxygen source, i.e. dissolvable lead oxide spheroids hold within limited section of the circuit (reaction vessel of mass exchanger) connected by the pipeline to the main circuit. PbO spheroids being in contact with flowing lead-bismuth (lead) are dissolved with generation of oxygen, which is transported throughout the circuit by the coolant flow. Technological implementation of solid phase control method is based on the use of specially designed mass exchangers (MX) being an important component of heavy liquid metal coolant technology.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!