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Journal articles on the topic 'Solid phase extraction method'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Gao, Kun Yang, Xiao Feng Huang, Yong Yang, et al. "Advances on the Extraction and Separation Technologies in Tea Aroma Components Research." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.421.

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Study on the tea aroma components is greatly significant, which are important factors in tea quality valuation.In recent years, nine main methods are under consideration：simultaneous distillation and solvent extraction, vacuum distillation extraction, steam distillation under reduced pressure, headspace analysis, solid-phase micro-extractions, headspace solid-phase micro-extractions, tea liquid absorption, supercritical fluid extraction and electronic nose. Meanwhile, advantages and disadvantages of each method were analyzed, in order to conduct technological guidance on the extraction and separation technologies in tea aroma components and provide a theoretical basis in improvement of each method.

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2

Zhang, Peixu, Xuwen Li, Li Cui, et al. "A novel storage and extraction method using solid-phase adsorption and ultrasonic-assisted nebulization extraction coupled to solid phase extraction." Analytical Methods 9, no. 33 (2017): 4863–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ay01036b.

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3

UJIIE, Kumiko, Rie HANDO, Kiichi SATO, Mitsuru ABO, and Akira OKUBO. "On-site solid phase extraction method for endocrine disrupters." BUNSEKI KAGAKU 53, no. 12 (2004): 1463–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/bunsekikagaku.53.1463.

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4

Banihashemi, Bahman, and Ronald L. Droste. "Trace level determination of bisphenol-A in wastewater and sewage sludge by high-performance liquid chromatography and UV detection." Water Quality Research Journal 48, no. 2 (2013): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2013.037.

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The purpose of this study was to develop and optimize a simple and economical method for the extraction and determination of bisphenol-A (BPA), using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with ultraviolet (UV) detection at environmentally relevant concentrations in both dissolved and particulate phases. To clean-up and pre-concentrate liquid samples, solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was optimized with regard to pH, volume, washing and elution solvents for high recovery of BPA and good clean-up. For sludge samples, four extraction methods, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasonication extraction (USE), accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and high-pressure homogenizer (HPH), were compared for isolation of BPA from activated sludge samples. Analysis was performed by optimized procedures using HPLC–UV. Recoveries of BPA from liquid and solid phases were determined to be 90–105 and 60–90%, respectively. MAE had the highest recovery among examined extraction methods. The method detection limits were 100 ng/L and 100 ng/g dry weight. To validate the method, a mass balance study was conducted with 100 mL spiked mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (VSS) samples from three laboratory-scale porous pot reactors and concentrations of BPA in liquid and solid phases were determined using the optimized conditions. The results had an average 86% overall recovery for all samples.

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5

Vítová, E., B. Loupancová, J. Zemanová, H. Štoudkova, P. Březina, and L. Babák. "Solid-phase microextraction for analysis of mould cheese aroma." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 24, No. 6 (2011): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3324-cjfs.

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Solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography was used for the analysis of volatile aroma compounds in Niva cheese. The extraction conditions were very mild, which minimises thermal, mechanical, or chemical modification of the sample; the method is rapid, simple, and cheap. In total, 54 compounds were identified in Niva cheese using this method: 3 hydrocarbons, 5&nbsp;aldehydes, 11 ketones, 18 alcohols, 3 esters, 10 fatty acids, and 4 sulphur compounds. These aroma compounds were quantified and subsequently the changes in the concentrations of them were studied throughout the ripening period. Most of the volatile compounds identified were present at all stages of the cheese ripening, their amounts changing significantly, however, in most cases the final concentration in the ripe cheeses was similar to the initial concentration in the unripe cheese. &nbsp;

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6

Chen, Xing, Da Fu Cui, Lu Lu Zhang, Hui Li, Jian Hai Sun, and Hao Yuan Cai. "A Porous Microfluidic Chip for Protein Extraction Based on Solid Phase Extraction Method." Key Engineering Materials 483 (June 2011): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.483.297.

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Based on the principle of solid phase extraction (SPE) and the special immunoreaction, a microfluidic chip integrated with porous matrix was developed for protein extraction. Porous matrix was achieved by electrochemical etching silicon in a HF/ethanol mixture, which was coated on the wall of the rectangular channel of the microchip to provide a surface-enlarging matrix. The surface morphology of the bare porous silicon and the porous silicon modified with the protein has been characterized by SEM. Non-porous chip and porous chip were used to extract protein. Compared with non-porous matrix, the porous matrix achieved higher extracted efficiency of protein. Then two methods of surface modification were employed on porous matrix for protein extraction. The surface modification with Protein A could extract more protein with less non-special absorption. Evaluation of the structure of the solid phase matrix and the surface modification process in the microfluidic chip, the porous microfluidic chip is able to be suitable for incorporation into micro total analysis system (μTAS).

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7

Turin, H. J., and R. S. Bowman. "A Solid-Phase Extraction Based Soil Extraction Method for Pesticides of Varying Polarity." Journal of Environmental Quality 22, no. 2 (1993): 332–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq1993.00472425002200020014x.

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8

YASUDA, Noriko, Kazuo OTSUKI, Mayumi NISHIKAWA, Munehiro KATAGI, and Hitoshi TSUCHIHASHI. "Analysis of Components in Crude Drugs by Headspace Solid Phase Micro Extraction Method. I." YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 116, no. 3 (1996): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.116.3_251.

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9

UTAGAWA, Noriko, Tsuyoshi IBARAKI, Akiko TANABE, Yuka NAKANO, and Kuniaki KAWATA. "Determination of Adipates in Water by Solid-phase Extraction Method." Journal of Environmental Chemistry 9, no. 4 (1999): 969–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5985/jec.9.969.

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10

Kim, Kyong-Su, Jeong-Min Lee, and Cheul-Hee Hong. "Solid phase extraction (SPE) method for detection of irradiated meats." LWT - Food Science and Technology 37, no. 5 (2004): 559–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2004.01.001.

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11

Poole, Colin F., Ajith D. Gunatilleka, and Revathy Sethuraman. "Contributions of theory to method development in solid-phase extraction." Journal of Chromatography A 885, no. 1-2 (2000): 17–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00224-7.

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12

Fritz, James S., Philip J. Dumont, and Luther W. Schmidt. "Methods and materials for solid-phase extraction." Journal of Chromatography A 691, no. 1-2 (1995): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)00756-y.

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13

Nuckowski, Łukasz, Anna Kilanowska, and Sylwia Studzińska. "Hydrophilic interaction in solid-phase extraction of antisense oligonucleotides." Journal of Chromatographic Science 58, no. 4 (2020): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/bmz114.

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Abstract The presented studies aimed to develop a new and simple extraction method based on hydrophilic interaction for antisense oligonucleotides with different modifications. For this purpose, solid-phase extraction cartridges with unmodified silica were used. All extraction steps were performed by utilizing water, acetonitrile, acetone or their mixtures. The results obtained show that a high content (95%) of organic solvent, used during sample loading, is critical to achieve a successful extraction, while elution with pure water allows effective oligonucleotides desorption. The recovery values were greater than 90% in the case of unmodified DNA, phosphorothioate, 2′-O-(2-methoxyethyl) and 2′-O-methyl oligonucleotides. For the mixture of phosphorothioate oligonucleotide and its two synthetic metabolites, the recovery values for the standard solutions were in the range of 70–75%, while for spiked human plasma, 45–50%. The developed method is simple, may be performed in a short time and requires simple solvents like water or acetonitrile/acetone, thus showing promise as an alternative to chaotropic salt-based or ion pair-based SPE methods.

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14

Djurovic, Rada, Jelena Gajic-Umiljendic, and Tijana Djordjevic. "Determination of atrazine, acetochlor, clomazone, pendimethalin and oxyfluorfen in soil by a solid phase microextraction method." Pesticidi i fitomedicina 23, no. 4 (2008): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pif0804265d.

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A solid phase microextraction (SPME) method for simultaneous determination of atrazine, acetochlor, clomazone, pendimethalin and oxyfluorfen in soil samples was developed. The method is based on a combination of conventional liquid-solid procedure and a following SPME determination of the selected pesticides. Initially, various microextraction conditions, such as the fibre type, desorption temperature and time, extraction time and NaCl content, were investigated and optimized. Then, extraction efficiencies of several solvents (water, hexane, acetonitrile, acetone and methanol) and the optimum number of extraction steps within the sample preparation step were optimized. According to the results obtained in these two sets of experiments, two successive extractions with methanol as the extraction solvent were the optimal sample preparation procedure, while the following conditions were found to be most efficient for SPME measurements: 100 ?m PDMS fibre, desorption for 7 min at 2700C, 30 min extraction time and 5% NaCl content (w/v). Detection and quantification were done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Relative standard deviation (RSD) values for multiple analysis of soil samples fortified at 30 ?g/kg of each pesticide were below 19%. Limits of detection (LOD) for all the compounds studied were less than 2 ?g/kg.

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15

Sheng, Yipei, Huaqin Guan, Yanfang Zhang, Xuemei Zhang, Qingqing Zhou, and Zhenkun Lin. "Double-functionalised magnetic nanoparticles for efficient extraction of bisphenol A from river water." Environmental Chemistry 13, no. 1 (2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en15024.

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Environmental context Conventional pre-treatment methods are usually ineffective for the extraction of bisphenol A (BPA) from environmental water samples. We report that a novel magnetic nanoparticle with double-functionalisation is an excellent solid-phase adsorbent for extracting BPA from river water samples. This study provides a simple but efficient approach for extraction of low-concentration pollutants from water samples. Abstract In this study, double functionalised magnetic nanoparticles (DFMNPs) for extraction of bisphenol A (BPA) in an aqueous phase were designed and prepared. In the preparation of DFMNPs, amide and pyridine groups were simultaneously introduced into the surface of magnetic nanoparticles. A new dispersed solid-phase extraction (DSPE) method adopting DFMNPs as the adsorbents was developed for separating and enriching BPA from river water samples. This DSPE method showed fast magnetic response, high binding efficiency to target BPA, and short experimental time. The recovery of BPA in spiked river water was 94.4% with the DSPE method, which was much higher than those with traditional solid-phase extraction (SPE) methods. The high performance of DFMNPs on extraction of BPA from river water was attributed to the synergistic function of the amide and pyridine groups. The hydrophilic amide groups caused DFMNPs to disperse well in water, whereas the alkaline pyridine groups bound BPA effectively by ionic bonds. Our DSPE was particularly superior to conventional SPE in the pre-treatment of large-volume water samples as the time taken could be remarkably reduced.

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16

Ibarra, Israel S., Jose A. Rodriguez, Carlos A. Galán-Vidal, Alberto Cepeda, and Jose M. Miranda. "Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction Applied to Food Analysis." Journal of Chemistry 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/919414.

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Magnetic solid phase extraction has been used as pretreatment technique for the analysis of several compounds because of its advantages when it is compared with classic methods. This methodology is based on the use of magnetic solids as adsorbents for preconcentration of different analytes from complex matrices. Magnetic solid phase extraction minimizes the use of additional steps such as precipitation, centrifugation, and filtration which decreases the manipulation of the sample. In this review, we describe the main procedures used for synthesis, characterization, and application of this pretreatment technique which were applied in food analysis.

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17

Díaz, A., M. T. Galceran, and F. Ventura. "Determination of estrogenic short ethoxy chain nonylphenols and metabolites in river and treated water by SPE (solid phase extraction) and SPME (solid phase microextraction)." Water Supply 3, no. 1-2 (2003): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0121.

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Two solid-phase microextraction (SPME) procedures have been developed to determine short ethoxy chain nonylphenols and metabolites in water. A direct-SPME method has been used for the determination of short ethoxy chain nonylphenols and their brominated derivatives, whereas the in-sample derivatization headspace-SPME method has proved to be suitable for the simultaneous determination of short ethoxy nonylphenols and their acidic metabolites. Several parameters affecting both SPME procedures, such as extraction mode, fiber selection, extraction time, effect of organic modifiers, derivatization reagents and temperature, were optimized. Both methods were able to determine all these compounds at the sub-mg/L level and the results obtained were compared to a solid phase extraction method (SPE). The procedures developed were applied to raw and treated water from Barcelona (NE Spain).

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18

Wang, Dao Wu, Xin Xia Feng, Xiao Long Li, and Long Zhang. "Solid-Phase Extraction of Salidroside by Electrospun Nanofibers." Advanced Materials Research 798-799 (September 2013): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.798-799.161.

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Abstract. The article established electrospun nanofibers as extraction medium to enrich and purify salidroside and detected the content changes by high performance liquid chromatography. 4 g polystyrene was dissolved in 20 mL butanone for spinning. The electrospun nanofibers was processed and loaded into solid extraction column. 3 mL sample was injected and eluted by 10 mL methanol at the speed of 2 mL/min, collecting the elution for the HPLC analysis. The results show that the relative content of solidroside increased from 24% to 55% and the extraction recovery was above 92%. The method is simple and convenient. It can replace traditional solid phase extraction to enrich solidroside.

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19

Qiao, Feng Xia, and Meng Ge Wang. "Analysis of Permethrin in Cole by Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 1186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.1186.

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A new dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) method coupled with GC detection was established for determination of permethrin residue in cole. The proposed DSPE method was carried out using acetonitrile as the extraction solvent, and neutral alumina oxide as dispersive adsorbent. The factors that affected DSPE efficiency were validated in terms of extraction solvent, extraction time, and dispersive adsorbent kinds and interaction time. The developed method could give satisfactory recovery (91.2–107.4%) with RSD≤4.9%. Good linearity was observed in the range of 0.005-1.19 mg/g with the correlation coefficients (r2) of 0.9992. The detection limits for permethrin was of 0.43 μg/g. The method had been successfully applied to the analysis of permethrin esidues in cole samples.

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20

Wang, Jianfeng, Xiaojing Fan, Yan Liu, et al. "Extraction optimization of sixteen cephalosporins in milk by filtered solid phase extraction and ultra high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry." Analytical Methods 9, no. 8 (2017): 1282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ay03444f.

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21

Arghavani-Beydokhti, Somayeh, Maryam Rajabi, and Alireza Asghari. "Application of syringe to syringe dispersive micro-solid phase extraction using a magnetic layered double hydroxide for the determination of cadmium(ii) and lead(ii) ions in food and water samples." Analytical Methods 10, no. 11 (2018): 1305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ay01857f.

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In this work, a new mode of dispersive solid-phase extraction named syringe to syringe magnetic dispersive micro-solid phase extraction is presented as an efficient and eco-friendly sample extraction method.

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22

Eisele, Thomas A., and Midori Z. Gibson. "Syringe-Cartridge Solid-Phase Extraction Method for Patulin in Apple Juice." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 86, no. 6 (2003): 1160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/86.6.1160.

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Abstract A syringe-cartridge solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was developed for determination of patulin in apple juice. A 2.5 mL portion of test sample was passed through a conditioned macroporous SPE cartridge and washed with 2 mL 1% sodium bicarbonate followed by 2 mL 1% acetic acid. Patulin was eluted with 1 mL 10% ethyl acetate in ethyl ether and determined by reversed-phase liquid chromatography using a mobile phase consisting of 81% acetonitrile, 9% water, and 10% 0.05M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 2.4. Recoveries averaged 92% and the relative standard deviation was 8.0% in test samples spiked with 50 ng/mL patulin. The method appears to be applicable for monitoring apple juice samples to meet the U.S. Food and Drug Administration compliance action level of 50 μg/kg in an industrial quality assurance laboratory environment.

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23

Hennion, Marie-Claire. "Solid-phase extraction: method development, sorbents, and coupling with liquid chromatography." Journal of Chromatography A 856, no. 1-2 (1999): 3–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00832-8.

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24

Marney, Luke C., Thomas J. Laha, Geoffrey S. Baird, Petrie M. Rainey, and Andrew N. Hoofnagle. "Isopropanol Protein Precipitation for the Analysis of Plasma Free Metanephrines by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry." Clinical Chemistry 54, no. 10 (2008): 1729–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2008.104083.

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Abstract Background: High-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS)1 analysis of plasma free metanephrines is the most diagnostically sensitive and specific screening test for the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. We sought to develop an in-house method for this expensive test Methods: We used off-line isopropanol protein precipitation of plasma to remove interfering substances before LC-MS/MS analysis. We compared the extraction efficiency and limits of quantification of protein precipitation to those of previously reported solid-phase techniques. Results: The new method had limits of quantification of 0.09 nmol/L and 0.17 nmol/L for metanephrine and normetanephrine, respectively. Method comparison with a previously described solid-phase extraction method revealed Deming regression slopes of 0.904 and 0.994, intercepts of 0.007 and 0.023, and SEs of the residuals (Sy|x) of 0.071 and 0.284 for metanephrine and normetanephrine, respectively. Extraction efficiency of isopropanol protein precipitation was 66% for metanephrine and 35% for normetanephrine, results that were superior to the efficiencies of 4% and 1% for our adapted solid-phase extraction method. No ion suppression was observed at the retention times for metanephrine and normetanephrine. Conclusions: Isopropanol protein precipitation is a novel and effective off-line sample preparation method for metanephrines that offers a less expensive alternative to on-line solid-phase extraction for low-volume testing and requires a sample volume of only 200 μL. The mass spectrometric analysis time is equivalent to that of solid-phase techniques.

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25

Savchenko, M. A. "Isolation gidazepam and its metabolites by solid-phase extraction." Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, no. 2 (August 14, 2018): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.2.16.02.

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Gidazepam as benzodiazepine derivative is drugs of abuse and is object of toxicological research. The first phases of analysis of analite is its insulating from biological objects. In a case of gidazepam such analites is its metabolites. One of insulating method which used in analytical toxicology is the method of solid-phase extraction (SPE). This method have advantage in comparison with is liquid extraction. However papers about studying of insulating efficiency gidazepam and its metabolites of SPE are absent now. Thus the purpose of the this paper is a study of applications of SPE in analytical toxicology. For work SPE columns Bond Elut Certify have been used (volume 3 mL, amount of a sorbent 130 mg), production of Agilent Technologies. The SPE protocols which studying have been optimised under these columns for extraction from blood and urine. Two procedures are developed for extraction in case of the general screening of an unknown drug, and two for screening of benzodiazepines. Showed that degree of extraction of the basic gidazepam`s metabolites compounds 92–98%, and for gidazepam 51–74%. Also it is positioned that acetonitrile in solutions for removal coextractive substance considerably depresses degree of extraction one of gidazeam`s metabolite. At the same time application of 1 М acetic acid promotes retention of gidazepam and its metabolites on a SPE column in the course of removal lipophilic impurities by organic solvents. Position of gidazepam and its metabolites in the schema of the general screening of an unknown drug in both SPE screening procedures is showed.

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Shyam Sunder, Govind Sharma, Sandhya Adhikari, Ahmad Rohanifar, Abiral Poudel, and Jon R. Kirchhoff. "Evolution of Environmentally Friendly Strategies for Metal Extraction." Separations 7, no. 1 (2020): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations7010004.

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The demand for the recovery of valuable metals and the need to understand the impact of heavy metals in the environment on human and aquatic life has led to the development of new methods for the extraction, recovery, and analysis of metal ions. With special emphasis on environmentally friendly approaches, efforts have been made to consider strategies that minimize the use of organic solvents, apply micromethodology, limit waste, reduce costs, are safe, and utilize benign or reusable materials. This review discusses recent developments in liquid- and solid-phase extraction techniques. Liquid-based methods include advances in the application of aqueous two- and three-phase systems, liquid membranes, and cloud point extraction. Recent progress in exploiting new sorbent materials for solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and bulk extractions will also be discussed.

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Ðurović, Rada D., Tijana M. Ðorðević, and Ljiljana R. Šantrić. "Liquid–Solid Sample Preparation Followed by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction Determination of Multiclass Pesticides in Soil." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 95, no. 5 (2012): 1331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.sge_durovic.

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Abstract This paper describes development and validation of a multiresidue method for the determination of five pesticides (terbufos, prochloraz, chloridazon, pendimethalin, and fluorochloridone) belonging to different pesticide groups in soil samples by GC/MS, followed by its application in the analysis of some agricultural soil samples. The method is based on a headspace solid-phase microextraction method. Microextraction conditions, namely temperature, extraction time, and NaCl content, were tested and optimized using a 100 μm polydimethylsiloxane fiber. Three extraction solvents [methanol, methanol–acetone (1 + 1, v/v), and methanol–acetone–hexane (2 + 2 + 1, v/v/v)] and the optimum number of extraction steps within the sample preparation stage were optimized for the extraction procedure. LOD values for all the studied compounds were less than 12 μg/kg. Recovery values for multiple analyses of soil samples fortified at 30 μg/kg of each pesticide were higher than 64%. The method was proven to be repeatable, with RSD lower than 15%.

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Elshahawy, Heba, Ehab B. Rakha, Mona B. Elhadidi, and Sanaa S. Hamam. "A PCR Referenced Comparative Study for Evaluation of Different Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA Extraction Methods Directly from Sputum and from LJ Culture Isolates in Egypt." EJMM-Volume 30-Issue 2 30, no. 2 (2021): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.51429/ejmm30209.

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Background: Tuberculosis is a critical infectious disease primarily affecting the lungs and is more common in developing countries. In the 21st century, it forms a significant problem for world public health especially with the emergence and rising of drug resistant TB. Microbiological methods are the clue for the laboratory diagnosis. The ordinary methods for TB identification showed either weak sensitivity as in microscopy or lateness for many weeks as in culture. The evolution in molecular biology gives a chance for fast diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis helping start proper treatment early and holding its spread. The initial critical step in PCR is DNA extraction. Objective: The aim to evaluate different extraction methods of Mycobacterium tuberculosis retrieved directly from sputum samples and from LJ isolates from same patients and comparing DNA yield using conventional PCR. Methodology: DNA from 32 sputum samples from TB patients extracted by solid, digestion and phenol extraction methods, DNA from 40 LJ isolates extracted by solid, boiling and Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide methods. Extracted DNA was evaluated by conventional PCR. Results: Among 32 sputum samples, the extracted DNA by phenol method was 21/32 (65.62%) with highest DNA yield, digestion method 14/32 (43.75%) and solid phase method 1/32 (2.5%) with least DNA yield. From 40 MTB LJ culture isolates, the extracted DNA by boiling method was 28/40 (70%), CTAB method 18/40 (45%) and solid phase method 2/40 (5%). Conclusion: Phenol method was the best method (mean rank 2.34) for DNA extraction from sputum samples, while the easy and economic boiling method was the best method (mean rank 2.45) for DNA extraction from LJ culture isolates. The worst method of DNA extraction from both sputum and culture was phase solid method. A greater and easier yield of DNA was obtained from MTB LJ Culture than sputum.

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Fagan, Sylvia V. B., Connie Gombatz, Hafez Abdel-Kader, and Govind Menon. "Determination of Ardacin in Various Silage Feed Diets by a Rapid Liquid Chromatographic Assay." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 78, no. 1 (1995): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/78.1.16.

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Abstract A method is presented for the detection and quantitation of Ardacin in silage feed diets by liquid chromatography, using a cyano column and an acetonitrile–methanol water mobile phase modified with trifluoroacetic acid. This method includes comprehensive procedures for extracting Ardacin from various silage feed formulations, cleaning up the extracted sample by using solid-phase extractions, and analyzing the eluted solid-phase extract with a suitable liquid chromatographic system. Ardacin was extracted from the silage feed formulations with 50% acetonitrile and 50% 0.1 M KOH. The extract was cleaned up with a wide-pore butyl solidphase extraction cartridge. The sample extract was chromatographed and quantified at 220 nm, using an external method of calculation. Recoveries of the medicated silage feed formulation ranged from 72.1 ± 1.7% to 109.1 ± 2.4%, depending on the sites and types of formulation analyzed.

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Riley, Melissa B., and Renee J. Keese. "Comparison of Solid Phase Extraction Techniques for Herbicides." Weed Science 44, no. 3 (1996): 689–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500094546.

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Solid phase extraction (SPE) procedures were used to determine the recoveries of herbicides typically used in containerized ornamental plant production from water samples. Recoveries from C18cartridges and disks were compared for each of 12 herbicides with variations in elution solvent and volume of elution solvent tested. Recoveries for nine of the herbicides from the cartridges and disks using acetone as an elution solvent were not affected by SPE matrix. Fluazifop recovery was greater with the disks, while napropamide and oxadiazon recoveries were greater with cartridges. Both cartridges and disks yielded low recoveries (23 to 47%) of benefin and prodiamine. Changing the elution solvent from acetone to acetonitrile resulted in 10% improvement for the recovery of benefin and a three- to four-fold increase in recovery of prodiamine. Acetonitrile decreased recoveries of napropamide, oryzalin, oxadiazon, oxyfluorfen, and pendimethalin from cartridges. For the disks, oxyfluorfen, prodiamine, and trifluralin had increased recovery, while fluazifop, oxadiazon, and simazine had decreased recovery with acetonitrile as the elution solvent. Increasing the amount of acetone eluting solvent increased the recovery of prodiamine and oxyfluorfen while decreasing the recovery of fluazifop, pendimethalin, simazine, and trifluralin. Binding capacities of oryzalin on cartridges and disks averaged 13.2 and 7.8 mg, respectively. The advantage of the disk lies in the greater volume of water that can be processed, while the higher cost and greater variability are disadvantages. Cartridge extraction yielded good recoveries with lower standard deviations, and used less organic solvent. Selection of an SPE extraction method depends upon the herbicides under evaluation, expected levels, and the water volume being processed. Both SPE techniques offer advantages over traditional liquid-liquid extraction methods such as reduced requirements for organic solvent and sample preparation.

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Topçu, Aykut Arif, Süleyman Aşır, and Deniz Türkmen. "DNA Purification by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) Methods." Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry 3, no. 44 (2016): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.15671/hjbc.20164420568.

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Lin, Li, Wen Yang, Xing Wei, et al. "Enhancement of Solasodine Extracted from Fruits of Solanum nigrum L. by Microwave-Assisted Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction and Analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography." Molecules 24, no. 12 (2019): 2294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24122294.

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Background: Solasodine is a major bioactive ingredient in Solanum nigrum L. that has strong pharmacological characteristics. Therefore, the development of a simple and effective extraction method for obtaining solasodine is highly important. This study aims to provide a rapid and effective method for extracting solasodine from Solanum nigrum L. by microwave-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction (MAATPE). Methods: First, the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) conditions were established for the detection of solasodine. Then, the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) compositions were examined. On the basis of the results of single-factor experiments, for a better yield, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize influential factors including the extraction temperature, extraction time and liquid-to-solid ratio. Results: The maximum extraction yield of 7.11 ± 0.08 mg/g was obtained at 44 °C, an extraction time of 15 min, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 42:1 mL/g in the ATPS consisting of EtOH solvent, (NH4)2SO4, and water (28:16:56, w/w/w). The extraction yield of the alkaloid obtained using this method was markedly higher than those of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE). Conclusions: In this work, solasodine was extracted by MAATPE for the first time and a high yield was obtained. MAATPE is a simple, rapid, and green technique for extraction from medical plants. Thus, the present study will enable the development of a feasible extraction method of active alkaloids from Solanum nigrum L.

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Farajzadeh, Mir Ali, Razieh Safi, and Adeleh Yadeghari. "Magnetic solid‐phase extraction method for extraction of some pesticides in vegetable and fruit juices." Journal of Separation Science 43, no. 8 (2020): 1523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201900790.

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Kraševec, Ida, and Helena Prosen. "Solid-Phase Extraction of Polar Benzotriazoles as Environmental Pollutants: A Review." Molecules 23, no. 10 (2018): 2501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23102501.

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Polar benzotriazoles are corrosion inhibitors with widespread use; they are environmentally characterized as emerging pollutants in the water system, where they are present in low concentrations. Various extraction methods have been used for their separation from various matrices, ranging from classical liquid–liquid extractions to various microextraction techniques, but the most frequently applied extraction technique remains the solid-phase extraction (SPE), which is the focus of this review. We present an overview of the methods, developed in the last decade, applied for the determination of benzotriazoles in aqueous and solid environmental samples. Several other matrices, such as human urine and plant material, are also considered in the text. The methods are reviewed according to the determined compounds, sample matrices, cartridges and eluents used, extraction recoveries and the achieved limits of quantification. A critical evaluation of the advantages and drawbacks of the published methods is given.

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Al Shamari, Yasmeen Mutlaq Ghazi, Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur, Abdulrahman Abdullah Alwarthan, Moonis Ali Khan, and Masoom Raza Siddiqui. "Corncob Waste Based Adsorbent for Solid Phase Extraction of Tartrazine in Carbonated Drinks and Analytical Method using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry." Current Analytical Chemistry 16, no. 7 (2020): 924–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411015666191028113257.

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Background : A new method has been developed for the determination of food dye tartrazine in soft drinks. Tartrazine is determined by hyphenated technique Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass spectrometry. The solid-phase extraction was used for the extraction of tartrazine. Methods: For the LC-MS analysis of tartrazine acetonitrile, water (80:20) was used as a mobile phase whereas, the C-18 column was selected as the stationary phase. The chromatographic run was allowed for 1 min. The adsorbent of the solid-phase extraction was synthesized from the waste corn cob. Results: Method found to be linear in the range of 0.1 mg L-1 - 10 mg L-1, limits of detection and quantitation were found to be 0.0165 mgL-1 and 0.055 mgL-1, respectively. Tartrazine, in the real sample, was found to be 20.39 mgL-1 and 83.26 mgL-1. Conclusion: The developed UPLC-MS method is rapid, simple, precise and can be used for the quantitative analysis of tartrazine. The solid-phase extraction also involves a cost-effective procedure for extraction as it does not involve the commercial cartridge.

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Dadalı, Ceyda, and Yeşim Elmacı Elmacı. "Gıdalarda Uçucu Bileşen Analizinde Katı Faz Mikroekstraksiyon Koşullarının Optimizasyonunda Yanıt Yüzey Yönteminin Kullanılması." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 10 (2017): 1173. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i10.1173-1183.1340.

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High vacuum steam distillation, simultaneous distillation extraction, steam distillation, purge and trap methods are used for sample preparation in volatile component analysis. Since these methods are difficult and costly to implement, these methods have left their place to the solid phase microextraction technique. Extraction conditions such as extraction temperature, extraction time, sample volume and fiber type should be optimized in order to increase the efficiency of extraction in volatile component analysis with solid phase microextraction in foods. In the optimization of extraction conditions in volatile component analysis of foods, studies have been carried out to utilize the response surface method, which reduces the number of experiments and also examines the interaction effect of the independent variables. In this review, it is aimed to give information about current studies using response surface methodology in optimization of volatile compound analysis of foods using solid phase microextraction technique.

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Potocka-Banaś, Barbara, Teresa Dembińska, and Krzysztof Borowiak. "Efficiency evaluation of extraction methods of selected benzodiazepine derivatives from human serum and whole blood and the reactivity phenomenon in immunoassay for benzodiazepines." Diagnostyka Laboratoryjna 52, no. 2 (2016): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.3641.

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The aim of the study was to compare efficiency of various extraction methods of benzodiazepine derivatives: diazepam, estazolam, flunitrazepam and nitrazepam. The study compared the recovery of benzodiazepines isolated from biological material (blood and human blood serum) using liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction. The efficiency of each extraction was evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector. In addition, benzodiazepines immunoassay reactivity was estimated. The following methods of extraction were used: liquid-liquid extraction (a classical liquid-liquid extraction and microextraction), solid- -phase extraction (Baker’s columns and United Chemical Technologies’ (UTC columns). The reactivity was evaluated using V-Twin System with EMIT technology by Siemens. The results showed that the lowest recovery (nitrazepam – 16%, diazepam – 23%, flunitrazepam – 28%, estazolam – 37%) was obtained using liquid-liquid microextraction of whole blood and the highest recovery was obtained in solid-phase extraction of whole blood using United Chemical Technologies’ columns (nitrazepam – 86%, diazepam – 89%, estazolam – 91%, flunitrazepam – 94%). The lowest recovery in classical liquid-liquid extraction was obtained for diazepam isolated from whole blood (36%), and the highest – for flunitrazepam isolated from serum (74%). Solid-phase extraction with Baker’s columns was successful only in case of drugs isolation from serum and the recovery range from 57% to 89% for flunitrazepam. The results indicated higher efficiency of solid-phase extraction, especially with use of columns specific for the extraction of benzodiazepines. The immunoassay analysis showed a decreased reactivity of the tested benzodiazepine derivatives on the reagent used for the EMIT assay. Comparative analysis of the recovery efficiency of selected benzodiazepine derivatives led to the conclusion that use of solid-phase extraction should be considered more often in routine toxicological analysis. The knowledge of benzodiazepine derivatives cross-reactivity in immunoassay method is essential for correct interpretation of obtained results.

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Tomaszewski, W., B. Charmas, and J. Skubiszewska-Zięba. "Solid phase extraction of explosives on Ni-doped carbosils prepared by mechanochemistry." Adsorption Science & Technology 35, no. 7-8 (2017): 660–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263617417704297.

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The article presents the application of two sets of Ni-doped carbosils in the solid phase extraction of explosives. The adsorbents were prepared by two different methods. The first set of carbosils was obtained by mechanochemical deposition of potato starch and nickel salt on the surface of silica gel, and subsequent carbonization. The second set of carbosils was obtained from the same precursors and under quite similar conditions, i.e. with the exception of mechanochemical deposition of potato starch replaced by the gelation step. The prepared adsorbents were applied in solid phase extraction of explosive nitrate esters, and nitroaromatics from aqueous solutions. The adsorption and desorption steps were evaluated separately. It was found that textural properties, influenced by carbon deposit and nickel content, have a large impact on the solid phase extraction results. The recovery rates obtained onto carbosils prepared by mechanochemical method are approximately thrice as high as those observed for carbosils prepared by gelation method. It was shown that the composites with moderate nickel content can be used as effective materials for extraction both of aliphatic and aromatic explosives.

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Andraščíková, Mária, and Svetlana Hrouzková. "Recent achievements and applications of solid – phase microextraction in pesticide residues analysis in food." Acta Chimica Slovaca 8, no. 2 (2015): 178–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acs-2015-0030.

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Abstract The current trend in sample preparation methods is devoted to minimizing or eliminating the volume of extractive solvent. In this review, the focus on solid phase microextraction (SPME) as a solvent free sample preparation method for the isolation of pesticides residues in different food matrices is given. To achieve satisfactory extraction efficiency, selection of the fiber coating is an important step in the method development. Here, recent trends in new supporting materials and new fiber coatings development are discussed. Finally, applicability of SPME for the pesticide residues analysis in various food matrices using mainly chromatographic methods is also reviewed.

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Ivanova, Violeta, Dragica Zendelovska, and Marina Stefova. "HPLC determination of hydrochlorothiazide in urine after solid-phase extraction." Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 51 (2005): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2005.51.004.

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A simple, rapid and precise HPLC method has been developed for the assay of hydrochlorothiazide in urine. The clean-up of the urine samples was carried out by solid-phase extraction using HLB cartridges. Extraction recovery was 94.00-100.28 %. HPLC separation was performed with isocratic elution on Hypersil BDS C18 column (100 x 4.0 mm I.D., 3 µm particle size) protected with appropriate guard column. The mobile phase was 18 % acetonitrile and 0.025 mol/L solution of KH2PO4, pH 4 at flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Detection of the substances was performed at 220 nm. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 2-50 µg/mL. The developed method is validated by checking its accuracy, precision and stability. The detection limit is 2 µg/mL hydrochlorothiazide. The method is proved to be convenient for routine analysis of hydrochlorothiazide in urine.

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Huang, Ke-Jing, Cong-Hui Han, Ying-Ying Wu, et al. "Development of a solid-phase extraction – spectrofluorimetric method for trace glutathione determination." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 89, no. 4 (2011): 517–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v11-006.

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A simple and efficient solid-phase extraction – spectrofluorimetric method has been developed to determine glutathione (GSH). Fluorescent probe N-(4,4-difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-3-yl)methyl)iodoacetamide (BODIPY Fl-C1-IA) was used as the derivatization reagent. The procedure was based on a BODIPY Fl-C1-IA selective reaction with GSH to form the highly fluorescent product BODIPY Fl-C1-IA–GSH, using a solid-phase extraction column and spectrofluorimetric determination. The variables affecting analytical performance were studied and optimized. The calibration graph using the preconcentration system for GSH was linear over the range of 1–200 nmol/L with a limit of detection of 0.05 nmol/L (signal-to-noise ratio = 3). The relative standard deviation for six replicate determinations of GSH at the 100 nmol/L concentration level was 3.9%. The method was applied to water samples and average recoveries between 87.5% and 111.5% were obtained for spiked samples.

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Craig, Douglas B., Jerome C. Y. Wong, Robert Polakowski, and Norman J. Dovichi. "General Protease Assay Method Coupling Solid-Phase Substrate Extraction and Capillary Electrophoresis." Analytical Chemistry 70, no. 18 (1998): 3824–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac9801061.

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DOPICOGARCIA, M., J. LOPEZVILARINO, and M. GONZALEZRODRIGUEZ. "Determination of antioxidants by solid-phase extraction method in aqueous food simulants." Talanta 66, no. 5 (2005): 1103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2005.01.050.

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RAHARJO, S., J. N. SOFOS, and G. R. SCHMIDT. "Solid-Phase Acid Extraction Improves Thiobarbituric Acid Method to Determine Lipid Oxidation." Journal of Food Science 58, no. 4 (1993): 921–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1993.tb09391.x.

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Kastrissios, H., M. Nakano, P. Burton, and T. Blaschke. "Improved combined solid-phase extraction-RIA method for quantifying zalcitabine in plasma." Clinical Chemistry 42, no. 3 (1996): 465–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/42.3.465.

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HASHIMOTO, KAYOKO. "Blood concentration measurement for cibenzoline using solid phase extraction method and pharmacokinetics." Rinsho yakuri/Japanese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 26, no. 1 (1995): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3999/jscpt.26.191.

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Poole, C. F., A. D. Gunatilleka, and R. Sethuraman. "ChemInform Abstract: Contributions of Theory to Method Development in Solid-Phase Extraction." ChemInform 31, no. 46 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200046294.

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Jenkins, Stephen W. D., Carolyn J. Koester, Vincent Y. Taguchi, David T. Wang, Jean-Paul F. P. Palmentier, and Kim P. Hong. "N-nitrosodimethylamine in drinking water using a rapid, solid-phase extraction method." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2, no. 4 (1995): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02986767.

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SHIMODA, MITSUYA. "Solid-phase micro extraction method measuring the intact aim component in sample." Kagaku To Seibutsu 35, no. 7 (1997): 507–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/kagakutoseibutsu1962.35.507.

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Soriano, T., C. Jurado, M. Menendez, and M. Repetto. "Improved Solid-Phase Extraction Method for Systematic Toxicological Analysis in Biological Fluids." Journal of Analytical Toxicology 25, no. 2 (2001): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jat/25.2.137.

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