Relevant bibliographies by topics / Solid-state transformer

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Academic literature on the topic 'Solid-state transformer'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Solid-state transformer"

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Santos, Nuno, Miguel Chaves, Paulo Gamboa, Armando Cordeiro, Nelson Santos, and Sónia Ferreira Pinto. "High Frequency Transformers for Solid-State Transformer Applications." Applied Sciences 13, no. 12 (2023): 7262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13127262.

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This paper focuses on the study of the high frequency transformer incorporated in solid- state transformers, specifically on the development of the steps that enable the design of an optimized high frequency transformer and its equivalent model based on the desired characteristics. The impact of operating a transformer at high frequency and the respective solutions that allow this impact to be reduced are analyzed, alongside the numerous advantages that the utilization of these transformers has over traditional 50/60 Hz transformers. Furthermore, the power scheme of the solid-state transformer is outlined, focusing on the power converters, which are immediately before and after the high frequency transformer (HFT). We also investigate a control technique that allows for correct operation and the existence of power bidirectionality. In a novel approach, this paper demonstrates the systematic steps for designing an HFT according to the desired specifications of each given project, helping students and engineers achieve their objectives in power-electronic applications. Moreover, this paper aims at increasing the knowledge of this area of power electronics and facilitating the development of new topologies with high power density, which are very important to the integration of renewable power sources and other applications. Finally, a simulation is presented to validate a high frequency transformer and its control technique.
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Sharma, Asmita. "Solid State Transformer: An Overview of Application and Advantages." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 7 (2024): 335–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.63557.

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Abstract: Solid-state transformer (SST), Electronic power transformer or Power electronic transformer (PET) contain the transformer inside the AC-TO-AC converters or DC-TO-DC converters. SST is type of electric power converter that replaces a conventational transformer used in electric power distribution.SST carries the full power and provides the electrical isolation. This paper gives the information of the solid state transformers advantages and applications
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Reddy, B. Dheeraj, and Dr Sarat Kumar Sahoo. "Design of Solid State Transformer." International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering 04, no. 01 (2015): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15662/ijareeie.2015.0401045.

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Swapnil, Bhuskute*, V. S. Pawar Mr., and D. S. Patil Mr. "MODELING & SIMULATION OF SOLID STATE TRANSFORMER." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 3 (2016): 551–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.48248.

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A New Model Solid State Transformer is used as a controllable bidirectional transmission device that can transfer power between asynchronous networks and functionally similar to back-to-back-HVDC.A solid-state transformer is the solution and it provide the efficient functioning as a conventional transformer and also provide other benefits, particularly on-demand reactive power maintenance for smart grid, power quality and voltage conversion. Recently, another high-frequency link power conversion system, the solid-state transformer, has garnered a great deal of attention and has been extensively investigated for use in distribution systems with the development of the high-voltage power device technologies. Solid-state transformer has been proposed as for the traction system, distribution and smart grid application. A SST uses power electronic devices and a high-frequency transformer to achieve isolation and voltage conversion from one level to another.
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Chen, Hao, and Deepak Divan. "Soft-Switching Solid-State Transformer (S4T)." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 33, no. 4 (2018): 2933–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2017.2707581.

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Epstein, Richard I. "A solid-state wind-energy transformer." Applied Physics Letters 115, no. 8 (2019): 083901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5109776.

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Mogorovic, Marko, and Drazen Dujic. "Sensitivity Analysis of Medium-Frequency Transformer Designs for Solid-State Transformers." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 34, no. 9 (2019): 8356–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2018.2883390.

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Tahir, Umair, Ghulam Abbas, Dan Glavan, et al. "Design of Three Phase Solid State Transformer Deployed within Multi-Stage Power Switching Converters." Applied Sciences 9, no. 17 (2019): 3545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9173545.

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This paper presents a symmetrical topology for the design of solid-state transformer; made up of power switching converters; to replace conventional bulky transformers. The proposed circuitry not only reduces the overall size but also provides power flow control with the ability to be interfaced with renewable energy resources (RESs) to fulfill the future grid requirements at consumer end. The proposed solid-state transformer provides bidirectional power flow with variable voltage and frequency operation and has the ability to maintain unity power factor; and total harmonic distortion (THD) of current for any type of load within defined limits of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard. Solid state transformer offers much smaller size compared to the conventional iron core transformer. MATLAB/Simulink platform is adopted to test the validity of the proposed circuit for different scenarios by providing the simulation results evaluated at 25 kHz switching frequency.
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JAMIL-ASGHAR, M. S., M. MOHIBULLAH, and M. SALMAN BEG. "A solid-state relay for transformer switching." International Journal of Electronics 61, no. 4 (1986): 539–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207218608920896.

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Yousef-Zai, F. Q., and D. O'Kelly. "Solid-state on-load transformer tap changer." IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications 143, no. 6 (1996): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-epa:19960578.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Solid-state transformer"

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Fontana, Christian. "Solid State Transformer." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424940.

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The Solid State Transformer (SST) is an emerging solution that can advantageously substitute the conventional transformer, thanks to its capabilities. Furthermore, it is a multi-functional equipment that offers: - conditioning of the power flow, whether of DC or AC form; - reduced size and weight thanks to the high frequency transformer; - good voltage regulating capabilities; - no diffusion of voltage swell or sag thanks to the DC link (if any); - power factor correction; - fast fault detection and protection; - capability to maintain the output feed for a time (hold up time) thanks to the DC link capacitors; Moreover, it offers the conventional transformer properties: - galvanic isolation between input and output; - step up/down of the input voltage; The SST capabilities make this technology an important solution to solve the current and future issues of the grid. The reduced weight and size allow getting high performances in the traction systems. The bidirectional power flow capabilities allow the connection and management of renewable energy sources (RES) with the grid and different loads, connected to AC side or, if present, to DC link.<br>Il trasformatore a stato solido (SST) è un emergente tecnologia che può sostituire i trasformatori convenzionali, apportando notevoli vantaggi grazie alle sue potenzialità e funzionalità. Tra le più importanti abbiamo: -condizionamento del flusso di potenza, sia DC che in AC; -ridotte dimensioni e peso, grazie all'uso di un trasformatore in alta frequenza; -ottima regolazione della tensione; -limita diffusione di buchi di tensione; -correzione del fattore di potenza; -hold up time funzionalità; -isolamento galvanico. Grazie a queste funzionalità questa tecnologia diventa molto importante per poter affrontare problemi, presenti e futuri, legati alla gestione della rete elettrica. La possibilità di gestire il flusso di energia e la bidirezionalità del flusso di potenza consentono di facilitare l'integrazione delle risorse rinnovabili con la rete elettrica. Inoltre, la riduzione dipeso e dimensioni consentono di ottenere alte performance in sistemi usati per la trazione.
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Adabi, Firouzjaee Mohammad Ebrahim. "Advanced modeling of solid state transformer." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461451.

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The solid state transformer (SST) is seen as a proper replacement of the conventional iron-and-copper transformer in the future smart grid . The SST offers several benefits (e.g. enhanced power quality performance or reactive power control at both primary and secondary sides) that can be of paramount importance for the development of the smart grid . This research focuses on the development and implementation of an advanced model of a three stage bidirectional SST in Matlab/Simulink. The goal is to obtain an realistic SST model (i.e. as close to the real SST as possible) that could duplicate the performance of a real MV/LV SST. This considered design consists of three main stages: medium voltage (MV) stage, isolation stage, and low voltage (LV) stage. When the power flows from the MV side to the LV side, the input power-frequency ac voltage is converted into a MV dc voltage by the three-phase ac/dc converter, which in such case works as rectifier. The isolation stage, which includes a high-frequency transformer (HFT) and the two corresponding MV- and LV-side converters, first converts the MV-side dc voltage into a high-frequency square-wave voltage applied to the primary of the HFT; the secondary side square-wave signal is then converted to a LV dc waveform by the LV-side converter, which also works as rectifier. Finally, the output LV-side three-phase dc/ac converter, which works as inverter, provides the output power-frequency ac waveform from the LV-side dc link. Si-based semiconductor technologies can be used for MV applications using a multilelvel configuration. Recently, modular multilevel converter (MMC) topologies have attracted attention for high or medium voltage applications. These converters can provide an effective topology for the MV side of the SST; their main advantages are modularity and scalability: the desired voltage level can be easily achieved by a series connection of MMC sub-modules (SMs). In addition,a MMC topology can provide high power quality and efficiency with reduced size of passive filters. These features made the MMC option an attractive topology for the MV stage of the SST. This thesis proposes a three-stage SST configuration based on MMC technology for MV converters. * The input stage of the SST is connected to the distribution system via RL filters and its three-phase configuration uses a MMC technology. A half-bridge configuration is proposed for each SM. * The isolation stage consists of three parts: a MV single-phase MMC, the high-frequency transformer (HFT), and a single-phase LV PWM converter. * The LV side of the SST uses a three-phase four-leg PWM converter, with an RL impedance for filtering currents and a capacitor bank for filtering voltages. The converters and their controller have been implemented adn tested considering models without and with semiconductor losses, while the SST model has been tested as a stand-alone device and a compnent of a distribution system. The model has been tested under severe dynamic and unbalanced conditions. The simulation results support the choices made for any SST stage and proves that the proposed design could be a feasible choice for the future SST.<br>El Transformador de Estado Sólido ("Solid State Transformer" por sus siglas en inglés) es visto como un reemplazo adecuado del transformador convencional en las futuras redes inteligentes (smart grids ). Este nuevo dispositivo presenta una amplia gama de prestaciones (p.e. mejora de la cualidad de suministro) que pueden ser de crucial importancia para el desarrollo de las redes inteligentes. El principal objetivo de esta tesis es que desarrollar e implantar el en Matlab/Simulink un modelo realista de estado sólido trifásico y bidireccional, que pueda duplicar el comportamiento de un transformador de estado sólido de Media-Baja tensión. El diseño considerado consiste en tres etapas: etapa en media tensión (MT), etapa intermedia, etapa en baja tensión (BT). Cuando la potencia fluye del terminal en media al terminal en baja tensión, la tensión alterna en el terminal de entrada a media tensión y frecuencia de operación 50 Hz se convierte en continua a media tensión mediante un convertidor trifásico rectificador. La etapa intermedia es un puente activo dual, que incluye un transformador de alta frecuencia y los correspondientes convertidores en media y baja tensión: primero, la media tensión continua es convertida en media tensión alterna a alta frecuencia; esta tensión es reducida a baja tensión preservando la alta frecuencia mediante el transformador, finalmente, la tensión en el terminal de salida del transformador es rectificada y convertida en baja tensión continua). La entrada en la etapa de salida en BT es, por tanto, una tensión continua que es convertida en tensión alterna a frecuencia de operación 50 Hz mediante un convertidor que funciona como inversor. Puesto que el diseño del dispositivo estudiado en esta tesis es bidireccional, en caso de que la potencia tenga que fluir desde el lado de BT al lado de MT, la función de los convertidores se invierte (es decir, los rectificadores pasan a operar como inversores, los inversores pasan a operar como rectificadores) en cualquiera de las etapas. Los actuales semiconductores solo pueden ser utilizados en aplicaciones de media y alta tensión empleando convertidores multi-nivel. Durante los últimos años ha ganado popularidad la tecnología MMC (modular multilevel converter), que permite diseñar configuraciones adecuadas para el lado de MT de un transformador de estado sólido; sus principales ventajas están en modularidad y escalabilidad: el nivel de tensión adecuado se puede conseguir mediante la conexión en serie de tantos sub-módulos como sea necesario. Además con la tecnología MMC se puede obtener una alta calidad en las ondas de tensión y corriente, así como un elevado rendimiento con tamaño reducido en los filtros de entrada. Esta tesis propone un diseño trifásico bidireccional con las siguientes características: - La etapa de entrada está conectada a una red de distribución en MT mediante filtros RL y su configuración trifásica usa convertidores de tecnología MMC. - La etapa intermedia contiene tres secciones: un convertidor monofásico en configuración MMC, un transformador de MT/BT y alta frecuencia, y un convertidor monofásico en BT. - La etapa de salida en BT usa un convertidor trifásico PWM (pulse wide modulation), con un filtro RL para las corrientes y un banco de condensadores para filtrar tensiones. Los convertidores han sido implantados en Matlab/Simulink y simulados considerando modelos con y sin pérdidas en los semiconductores, mientras que el modelo completo de transformador de estado sólido ha sido analizado considerando dos configuraciones distintas del sistema a estudiar: el transformador aislado y formando parte de una red de distribución en MT. Los modelos de transformador con y sin pérdidas han sido simulados bajo ciertas condiciones de operación. Los resultados confirman que la configuración seleccionada para cada etapa del nuevo dispositivo permite obtener un diseño fiable que puede mejorar el funcionamiento de las futuras redes inteligentes.
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Kendall, Haydn G. "Investigation of leakage flux in transformer tanks." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329641.

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Schietekat, Louis Magnus. "Design and implementation of the main controller of a solid-state transformer." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17899.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Solid-State Transformer (SST) is presented as an alternative to the traditional Line-Frequency Transformer (LFT) used for voltage-level transformation in distribution grids. The LFT technology is highly matured which results in low costs and high efficiency. The SST however, introduces several advantages compared to the LFT, some of which are input unity power-factor, near perfect output-voltage regulation, frequency variation as well as harmonic filtering. The SST consists of three power-electronic converter stages: The input stage, the isolation stage and the output stage. The input and isolation stages are implemented with a multilevelconverter topology incorporating a converter-stack for each phase. Each stack consists of N converter building blocks, called cells. In this thesis the design and implementation of the main controller is presented. The main controller, together with N cell controllers, is responsible for the control of the cells within the respective stack. Three main controllers are thus implemented within the SST. Each cell consists of an Active Rectifier (AR) and a DC-DC Converter (DC-DC). The SST control design thus starts with the AR control which is subsequently expanded to Cascaded Active-Rectifier (CAR) control. Design is completed with the addition of the DC-DC control. Time domain simulations of the AR- and CAR-control are presented and discussed. Test measurements, verifying functionality of each control design-phase, are presented and discussed.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Drywingselektroniese Transformator (DET) word voorgestel as ’n alternatief vir die Lyn Frekwensie Transformator (LFT) wat gebruik word vir spannings-vlak tranformasie op distribusie vlak. The LFT tegnologie is ver gevorderd wat ly tot hoë effektiwiteit en lae kostes. The DET bied wel voordele soos intree eenheids arbeid faktor, na aan perfecte uittree-spannings regulasie, frequensie variasie sovel as harmoniese filrteering. Die DET bestaan uit drie drywingselektroniese omsetter stadiums: Die intree-stadium, die isolasie-stadium en die uittree-stadium. The intree- en isolasie-stadiums word geïmplimenteer met ’n multivlak-omsetter topologie wat bestaan uit ’n omsetter-stapel vir elke fase. Elke stapel bestaan uit N omsetter boustene wat selle genoem word. In hierdie tesis word the ontwerp en implementasie van die hoofbeheerder voorgestel. Die hoofbeheerder, tesame met N selbeheerders, is verantwoordelik vir die beheer van elke sel in die spesifieke stapel. In die DET word daar dus drie hoofbeheerders gebruik. Elke sel bestaan uit ’n Aktiewe Gelykrigter (AG) en ’n GS-GS omsetter (GS-GS). Die DET beheerontwerp begin dus met die (AG) beheer wat daarna uitgebrei word na Kaskade Aktiewe Gelykrigter (KAG) beheer. Die beheer ontwerp word voltooi deur die byvoeging van die GSGS beheer. Tyd-gebied simulasies van die AG- en KAG-beheer word voorgelê en bespreek. Toetsmetings wat die funksionaliteit van elke beheer ontwepsfase verifeer, word voorgelê.
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Wolf, Marko. "Design and implementation of a modular converter with application to a solid state transformer." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2773.

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Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of a solid state transformer (SST) is to use power electronic converters to mimic the operation of the conventional distribution transformer. These power electronic converters are proposed to overcome the disadvantages of the conventional distribution transformer. The advantages of a SST include near perfect voltage regulation and harmonic isolation between the primary and secondary windings of the transformer. This thesis discusses the design and development of the different converters in a solid state transformer (SST). A prototype modular back-to-back converter is developed for the input and isolation stage of the SST. The isolation stage consists of a high voltage DC-DC converter, which transfers power across the isolation barrier of the SST. This stage is evaluated in the laboratory with special attention being paid to the efficiency of the converter. The second aspect that this thesis addresses is the output stage of the SST, namely a three phase inverter. The discussion of the output stage focuses on the losses occurring in the inverter. The switching device losses are calculated by means of an adapted numerical method as opposed to using conventional analytical methods. The presented numerical method is compared to the existing analytical method and the findings are discussed. A double loop control strategy is implemented for the output stage inverter. The inner current loop utilizes a predictive control strategy. The control analysis of the double loop controller is discussed and evaluated in the laboratory. All the converters that are discussed in this thesis are evaluated in the laboratory and the relevant measurements are included.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van ’n drywingselektroniese transformator (DET) is om drywingselektroniese omsetters te gebruik om die werking van die konvensionele distribusietransformator na te boots. Hierdie drywingselektroniese omsetters word voorgestel ten einde die nadele van die konvensionele distribusietransformator te bowe te kom. Die voordele van ’n DET sluit in: feitlik perfekte regulering van spanning en harmoniese isolasie tussen die primˆere en sekondˆere windings van die transformator. Hierdie tesis bespreek die ontwerp en ontwikkeling van die verskillende omsetters in ’n drywingselektroniese transformator (DET). ’n Prototipe modulˆere rug-aan-rug-omsetter word ontwikkel vir die intree- en isolasiefase van die DET. Die isolasiefase bestaan uit ’n hoogspanning- GS-GS omsetter, wat drywing oor die isolasiegrens van die DET heen oordra. Hierdie omsetter word in die laboratorium ge¨evalueer met besondere aandag aan die doeltreffendheid van die omsetter. Die tweede aspek waarna in hierdie tesis gekyk word, is die uittreefase van die DET, naamlik ’n driefaseomsetter. Die bespreking van die uittreefase fokus egter op die verliese wat in die omsetter voorkom. Die verliese van die skakelaars word bereken deur middel van ’n aangepaste numeriese metode teenoor die gebruik van konvensionele analitiese metodes. Die numeriese metode wat aangebied word, word vergelyk met die bestaande analitiese metode en die bevindings word bespreek. ’n Dubbellus-beheerstrategie word vir die uittreefase-omsetter ge¨ımplementeer. Die binneste stroomlus word ge¨ımplementeer deur van ’n voorspelbare beheerstrategie gebruik te maak. Die beheeranalise van die dubbellusbeheerder word bespreek en in die laboratorium ge¨evalueer. Al die omsetters wat in hierdie tesis bespreek word, word in die laboratorium ge¨evalueer en die relevante metings word ingesluit.
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LA, GANGA ALESSANDRO. "Feasibility study of a Medium Voltage DC/DC Converter adopting WBG devices." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2950484.

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Du, Toit Daniel Josias. "Predictive control of a series-input, parallel-output, back-to-back, flying-capacitor multilevel converter." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18087.

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Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis investigates the viability of constructing a solid-state transformer (SST) with a series-input, parallel-output connection of full-bridge, three-level ying-capacitor converters. It focusses on the active recti er front-end of the SST which is used to control the input current to be sinusoidal and in-phase with the sinusoidal input voltage. A stack of two converters are built and tested. The input current, as well as the ying capacitor voltages of the two active recti ers in the stack, are actively controlled by a nite-state model-based predictive (FS-MPC) controller. The use of multiple ying-capacitor converters poses a problem when using FS-MPC because of the large number of possible switching states to include in the prediction equations. Three FS-MPC control algorithms are proposed to attempt to overcome the problem associated with the large number of switching states. They are implemented on an FPGA digital controller. The algorithms are compared on the bases of voltage and current errors, as well as their responses to disturbances that are introduced into the system. The simulation and experimental results that are presented shows that by interleaving the control actions for the two converters, one can obtain fast and robust responses of the controlled variables. The viability of extending the interleaving control algorithm beyond two converters is also motivated.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek die moontlikheid van volbrug, drievlak vlieënde-kapasitoromsetters wat gebruik word om 'n serie-intree, parallel-uittree drywingselektroniese transformator (DET) te bou. Dit fokus op die aktiewe gelykrigter van die DET wat gebruik word om die intreestroom te beheer om sinusvormig en in fase met die sinusvormige intreespanning te wees. 'n Stapel van twee omsetters word gebou en getoets. Die intreestroom, sowel as die vlieënde kapasitorspannings van die twee aktiewe gelykrigters in die stapel, word aktief beheer met behulp van 'n eindige-toestand, model-gebaseerde voorspellende beheerder (ET-MVB). Die gebruik van veelvuldige vlieënde-kapasitoromsetters bemoeilik die implementering van 'n ET-MVB-beheerder as gevolg van die groot aantal skakeltoestande wat in die voorspellende vergelykings in ag geneem moet word. Drie ET-MVB-algoritmes word voorgestel om te poog om die probleme, wat met die groot aantal skakeltoestande geassosieer word, te oorkom. Die algoritmes word in 'n FPGA digitale verwerker geïmplementeer. Die algoritmes word vergelyk op grond van hul stroom- en spanningsfoute, asook hul reaksie op steurings wat op die stelsel ingevoer word. Die simulasie en praktiese resultate toon dat, deur die beheeraksies vir die twee omsetters te laat oorvleuel, die gedrag van die beheerde veranderlikes vinniger en meer robuust is. Die moontlikheid om die oorvleuelende beheeraksies uit te brei tot meer as twee omsetters word ook gemotiveer.
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Du, Toit Delyno Johannes. "ATM cash management for a South African retail bank." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17977.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Cash can be seen as a fast moving consumer good. Approaching cash as inventory within the ATM cash management environment of a South African retail bank, provided the opportunity to apply well known industrial engineering techniques to the financial industry. This led to the application of forecasting, inventory management, operational research and simulation methods. A forecasting model is designed to address the multiple seasonalities and calendar day effects that is prevalent in the demand for cash. Special days, e.g. paydays, lead to an increase in demand for cash. The weekday on which the special day falls will also influence the demand. The multiplicative Holt-Winters method is combined with an improvised distribution method to determine the demand for cash for the region and per ATM. Reordering points are calculated and simulated to form an understanding of the effect this will have on the ATM network. Direct replenishment and the traveling salesman problem is applied and simulated to determine the difference in using one or the other. Various simulation models are build to test the operational and financial impact when certain variables are amended. It is evident that more work is required to determine the optimal combination of variable values, i.e. forecasting frequency, aggregate forecasting or individual forecasting, reorder levels, loading levels, lead times, cash swap or cash add, and the type of transportation method. Each one of these are a science in itself and cannot be seen (calculated) in isolation from the other as a change in one can affect the overall operational efficiency and costs of the ATM network. The thesis proves that significant cost savings is possible, compared to the current set-up, when applying industrial engineering techniques to a geographical ATM network within South Africa.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kontant kan gesien word as vinnig bewegende verbruikersgoedere. Deur kontant te benader as voorraad binne die ATM kontant bestuur omgewing van ’n Suid Afrikaanse kleinhandelsbank, het dit die geleentheid geskep om bekende bedryfsingenieurstegnieke toe te pas in die finansiële industrie. Dit het gelei tot die toepassing van vooruitskatting, voorraadbestuur, operasionele navorsing en simulasie metodes. ’n Vooruitskattingsmodel is ontwerp om die verskeie seisoenaliteite en kalenderdae effekte wat deel uitmaak van die vraag na kontant aan te spreek. Spesiale dae, bv. betaaldae, lei tot ’n toename in die vraag na kontant. Die weeksdag waarop die spesiale dag voorkom sal ook ’n invloed hê op die vraag. Die multiplikatiewe Holt-Winters metode is gekombineer met ’n geïmproviseerde verspreidingsmetode om die vraag na kontant vir die streek en per ATM the bepaal. Bestellingsvlakke is bereken en gesimuleer om ’n prentjie te skep van die invloed wat dit op die ATM netwerk sal hê. Direkte hervulling en die handelsreisigerprobleem is toegepas en gesimuleer om die verskille te bepaal tussen die gebruik van of die een of die ander. Veskeie simulasie modelle is gebou om die operasionele en finansiële impak te toets, wanneer sekere veranderlikes aangepas word. Dit is duidelik dat meer werk nodig is om die optimale kombinasie van veranderlike waardes te bepaal, bv. vooruitskatting frekwensie, totale vooruiskatting of individuele vooruitskatting, bestellingsvlakke, leitye, kontant omruiling of kontant byvoeging, en die tipe vervoermetode. Elkeen van hierdie is ’n wetenskap op sy eie en kan nie in isolasie gesien en bereken word nie, want ’n verandering van een se waarde kan die hele operasionele doeltreffendheid en kostes van die ATM netwerk beïnvloed.
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Desai, Dipen. "Solid-state plasticizers for melt extrusion /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2007. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3276980.

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Rabelo, joca Davi. "Une Topologie CA-CC Baseé sur un Convertisseur Modulaire Multiniveau Entrelacé Faisible à Applications de Transformateur d’Électronique de Puissance." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLC010/document.

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Ce travail concerne l'étude théorique,l’analyse numérique et la validationexpérimentale d'une topologie de convertisseurd’électronique de puissance basée sur unconvertisseur multiniveau modulaire entrelacéavec transformateur moyenne fréquence.L’architecture est adaptée pour l’étage deconversion AC-DC dans les applications detransformateur d'électronique de puissance pourla connexion entre un réseau alternatif moyennetension et un réseau continu basse tension.L’entrelacement réduit les pertes par conductiondans les interrupteurs. Le transformateurmoyenne fréquence 10 kHz assure une isolationgalvanique et connecte le convertisseurmultiniveau modulaire entrelacé à unconvertisseur pont complet. Avec comme pointde départ la structure, le principe defonctionnement, la modélisation, la technique demodulation et le schéma de commande sontdiscutés. Une caractéristique du convertisseur estla génération simultanée de la tension du réseaubasse fréquence et de la tension primaire dutransformateur moyenne fréquence.L'équilibrage de la tension des condensateurs etla minimisation du courant de circulation sontcombinés dans un seul algorithme. La commanderégule le courant alternatif et la tension du buscontinu, du côté haute tension, ainsi que latension continue et le flux de puissance, du côtébasse tension. La validation expérimentale duconvertisseur est réalisée avec un prototype de720 W monophasé à l’échelle réduite. Lesrésultats démontrent la stabilité du système decommande lors d'opérations en régimepermanent et dynamiques (pas de charge,inversion du flux de puissance)<br>This work aims to present thetheoretical study, the numerical analysis and theexperimental validation of a power electronicsconverter topology based on an interleavedmodular multilevel converter with mediumfrequencytransformer. The architecture issuitable for the AC-DC stage in solid-statetransformer applications for the connectionbetween a medium-voltage AC grid and a lowvoltageDC grid. The interleaving reduces theswitch conduction losses. The 10 kHz mediumfrequencytransformer provides galvanicisolation and connects the interleaved modularmultilevel converter to a full-bridge converter.From the converter structure, the principle ofoperation, the modeling, the modulationtechnique, and the control scheme are discussed.One feature of the converter is the simultaneousgeneration of the low-frequency grid voltageand the medium-frequency transformer primaryvoltage. The capacitor voltage balancing and thecirculating currents minimization are combinedtogether in a single algorithm. The controlsystem regulates the AC current and the DC busvoltage, on the high-voltage side, and the DCvoltage and power flow, on the low voltage side.The experimental validation of the converter ismade with a scaled-down single-phase 720 Wprototype. The results demonstrate the controlsystem stability in steady-state and dynamic(load step, power flow inversion) operations
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Books on the topic "Solid-state transformer"

1

Wright, A. G. Why photomultipliers? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199565092.003.0001.

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Photon detectors transform information, carried by light, to an electrical analogue. Signals contain information on the time of occurrence and the intensity in terms of the number of photons involved. Photon rates may be constant with time, slowly varying, or transient in the form of pulses. The time response is specified in terms of some property of the pulse shape, such as its rise time, or it may be expressed in terms of bandwidth. Light detector applications fall into two categories: imaging and non-imaging; however, only the latter are considered. Detectors can be further divided into vacuum and solid state devices. Vacuum devices include photomultipliers (PMTs), microchannel plate PMTs (MCPPMTs), and hybrid devices in which a silicon device replaces the discrete dynode multiplier. PIN diodes, avalanche photodiodes (APDs), pixelated silicon PMTs (SiPMs), and charge-coupled devices (CCDs) are examples of solid state light detectors.
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Smil, Vaclav. Creating and Transforming the Twentieth Century, Revised and Expanded. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197784679.001.0001.

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Abstract The greatest technical discontinuity in history took place between 1867 and 1914. This era was distinguished by the most extraordinary concatenation of scientific and technical advances, the synergy of which produced bold and imaginative innovations resulting in profound socioeconomic impacts. Detailed examinations of these epoch-making advances start with electricity (dynamos, steam turbines, transformers, light bulbs, electric motors, power plants, transmission) and internal combustion engines (automotive designs by Otto, Diesel, Daimler, Maybach, Benz, Ford, aeroengines) before looking at inventions in material production, from metallurgy (affordable steel, aluminum) and cement to powerful explosives and the synthesis of ammonia, and at advances in information (from papermaking and typesetting to photographs and movies) and communication (from telephones, phonographs and records to radio). Post-World War I inventions and innovations transformed all of these techniques by making them more efficient, durable, reliable, affordable, and environmentally more acceptable and brought new accomplishments in energy conversions (oil and gas industry, gas turbines, nuclear electricity generation), materials (new ways of steel production, plastics, herbicides, pesticides, silicon), rationalized production (automation, robotization, quality control), and transportation (freeways, jetliners, rapid trains, large tankers, container shipping), while advances in solid-state electronics enabled the age of computing, microprocessors, and access to instant global communication and information (personal computers, mobile phones, World Wide Web). The Age of Synergy and the post-1914 technical transformations created a new, increasingly anthropogenic world of high-energy societies whose most worrisome obverse has been large-scale environmental degradation.
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(Editor), J. Mink, G. Keresztury (Editor), and R. Kellner (Editor), eds. Progress in Fourier Transform Spectroscopy: 10th International Conference, August 27 - September 1, 1995, Budapest (Mikrochimica Acta Supplementum). Springer-Verlag, 1997.

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Tiwari, Sandip. Semiconductor Physics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759867.001.0001.

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A graduate-level text, Semiconductor physics: Principles, theory and nanoscale covers the central topics of the field, together with advanced topics related to the nanoscale and to quantum confinement, and integrates the understanding of important attributes that go beyond the conventional solid-state and statistical expositions. Topics include the behavior of electrons, phonons and photons; the energy and entropic foundations; bandstructures and their calculation; the behavior at surfaces and interfaces, including those of heterostructures and their heterojunctions; deep and shallow point perturbations; scattering and transport, including mesoscale behavior, using the evolution and dynamics of classical and quantum ensembles from a probabilistic viewpoint; energy transformations; light-matter interactions; the role of causality; the connections between the quantum and the macroscale that lead to linear responses and Onsager relationships; fluctuations and their connections to dissipation, noise and other attributes; stress and strain effects in semiconductors; properties of high permittivity dielectrics; and remote interaction processes. The final chapter discusses the special consequences of the principles to the variety of properties (consequences of selection rules, for example) under quantum-confined conditions and in monolayer semiconductor systems. The text also bring together short appendices discussing transform theorems integral to this study, the nature of random processes, oscillator strength, A and B coefficients and other topics important for understanding semiconductor behavior. The text brings the study of semiconductor physics to the same level as that of the advanced texts of solid state by focusing exclusively on the equilibrium and off-equilibrium behaviors important in semiconductors.
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Book chapters on the topic "Solid-state transformer"

1

Beiranvand, Hamzeh, Fabian Groon, Yoann Pascal, and Marco Liserre. "Multiwinding transformer-based solid-state transformers." In Inductive Devices in Power Electronics. The Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1049/pbpo203e_ch15.

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Yoon, Man Soon, H. K. Kim, and Soon Chul Ur. "Dome-Shaped High Power Transformer for Driving A 55 W PL Lamp." In Solid State Phenomena. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-31-0.199.

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Joshi, Kedar, U. K. Balagopal, Sameer Sanjeevi, A. P. Viswanath, and S. Parvathy. "Design and Performance Analysis of Solid-State Transformer." In Advances in Automation, Signal Processing, Instrumentation, and Control. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8221-9_260.

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Sharma, Shivam, Ruhul Amin Chaudhary, and Kamalpreet Singh. "Evolution in Solid-State Transformer and Power Electronic Transformer for Distribution and Traction System." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5802-9_115.

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Canacsinh, H., José Fernando Silva, Sónia F. Pinto, Luis M. Redondo, and João Santana. "Solid-State Bipolar Marx Converter with Output Transformer and Energy Recovery." In Technological Innovation for Value Creation. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28255-3_44.

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Balci, Selami, Saban Ozdemir, Necmi Altin, and Ibrahim Sefa. "Solid State Transformer: Topologies, Design and Its Applications in a Smart Grid." In Smart Grid 3.0. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38506-3_11.

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Chen, Lei, Hongkun Chen, Li Ren, and Yuejin Tang. "Virtual-Real Comprehensive Current Limiting Method with SFCL for Solid-State Transformer." In Applications of Superconducting Fault Current Limiters in Power Electronics-Dominated Power Systems. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2858-3_5.

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Ansari, Mohmmed Rizwan, and D. K. Palwalia. "Dual-Active Bridge Converter with Single Phase-Shift Control for Distribution Solid-State Transformer." In ICT Analysis and Applications. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5224-1_61.

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9

Kuang, W., S. W. Or, C. M. Leung, and S. L. Ho. "Development of Piezoelectric Transformer -Coupled Solid State Relay for Electrical Circuit Control in Railway Systems." In Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on High-Speed and Intercity Railways. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27963-8_30.

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Zhang, Mingguang, Junyi Zhang, and Xiaonan Li. "Reactive Power Optimization of Distribution Network with Solid State Transformer Based on Sand Cat Swarm Algorithm." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0897-3_27.

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Conference papers on the topic "Solid-state transformer"

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Zhang, Mafu, Huanghaohe Zou, Saleh Farzamkia, Chen Chen, and Alex Q. Huang. "Y-Configuration Solid State Transformer Module." In 2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ecce55643.2024.10860780.

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Gradinger, Thomas B., and Ralph M. Burkart. "Modular vs. Monolithic Solid-State Transformer: Influence on Transformer Design." In 2024 Energy Conversion Congress & Expo Europe (ECCE Europe). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ecceeurope62508.2024.10752060.

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Owada, Naoki, and Kan Akatsu. "Design and Material Choice of High Frequency Transformers for Solid State Transformer." In 2024 13th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icrera62673.2024.10815336.

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Rajan, Alby, Alen Joshy, Meenakshi S. Nair, Silja Merin Saji, Anoopraj M.R, and Tomson Thomas. "IGBT based Solid-state PETC for HVDC Transformer." In 2024 7th International Conference on Circuit Power and Computing Technologies (ICCPCT). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccpct61902.2024.10673144.

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Owada, Naoki, and Kan Akatsu. "Design of Compact High Efficiency High Frequency Transformers Suitable for Solid State Transformer." In IECON 2024 - 50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/iecon55916.2024.10905214.

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Liserre, Marco, Levy Costa, Zhicheng Guo, Davide D’Amato, Samuel S. Queiroz, and Alex Huang. "Last Developments and New Technologies in Solid-State Transformer." In 2024 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pedg61800.2024.10667423.

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Ma, Zhuxuan, Hui Cao, and Yue Zhao. "Modular Design of Solid-State Transformer with High Flexibility." In 2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ecce55643.2024.10860862.

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Halder, Tapas. "Loss Optimization of The High Frequency Solid State Transformer." In 2024 IEEE 11th Power India International Conference (PIICON). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/piicon63519.2024.10995014.

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van der Merwe, Wim, and Toit Mouton. "Solid-state transformer topology selection." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology - (ICIT). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icit.2009.4939592.

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Kimura, Noriyuki, and Toshimitsu Morizane. "Middle Frequency Transformer Investigation for Solid-State Transformer." In 2018 International Conference on Smart Grid (icSmartGrid). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgwcp.2018.8634561.

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Reports on the topic "Solid-state transformer"

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BHATTACHARYA, SUBHASHISH. Flexible Large Power Solid State Transformer (FLP-SST). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1647580.

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Shaw, Zachary C. Development of a High-Current Solid State Linear Transformer Driver (LTD). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2172/2568848.

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Huang, Alex, Sanjay Rajendran, Xiaonan Lu, Tianqi Hong, Zhicheng Guo, and Jagadeesh Tangudu. Modular Hybrid Solid State Transformer (H-SST) for Next Generation Flexible and Adaptable Large Power Transformer (LPT). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1891437.

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Zhu, Charles. High-Efficiency, Medium-Voltage-Input, Solid-State-Transformer-Based 400-kW/1000V/400A Extreme Fast Charger for Electric Vehicles. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1987553.

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Divan, Deepak. Grid-Connected Modular Soft-Switching Solid State Transformers (M-S4T). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1876155.

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McIntosh, John, and Klaehn Burkes. Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of Distribution Solid State Transformers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1476257.

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