Relevant bibliographies by topics / Solute deposition

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  1. Journal articles

Academic literature on the topic 'Solute deposition'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Solute deposition"

1

Piatek, K. B., S. F. Christopher, and M. J. Mitchell. "Spatial and temporal dynamics of stream chemistry in a forested watershed impacted by atmospheric deposition." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 5, no. 4 (2008): 2581–622. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-5-2581-2008.

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Abstract. We analyzed spatial and temporal dynamics of solute chemistry in a forest watershed impacted by atmospheric deposition in the Adirondack Mountains of New York State, USA. Spatial dynamics of solute chemistry and natural abundance isotopes of nitrate (15N and 18O) were examined in 6 locations and the watershed outlet in 2001 and 2002. Temporal dynamics were examined during 5 discharge periods: winter, snowmelt, spring, summer, and fall, which were based on discharge levels at the outlet. Solute concentrations were statistically significantly different (p≤0.05) among stream sampling locations and discharge periods, with no interaction effects. Groundwater sources located in upper watershed controlled stream chemistry at higher elevations with highest pH, Ca2+, sum of base cations, Si, NO3-, total N, and SO42- and lowest Al concentrations. Two low elevation wetlands had a substantial influence over stream chemistry at those locations contributing lowest NO3-, total N, and highest DOC and DON. Snowmelt exhibited among the lowest pH, sum of base cations, and SO42-, and highest NO3-, total N, DON, and total Al; snowmelt appeared to dilute groundwater, and flush stored soil-derived solutes. Summer discharge, composed mainly of groundwater, exhibited the lowest flow, among the highest Mg2+, Ca2+, and lowest DON, DOC, and total Al concentrations. Isotopic analysis together with patterns of NH4+ versus NO3- dynamics indicated that NO3- was microbial, generated in fall and accumulated in winter in upper watershed soils, and flushed to stream during high discharge events. Highest discharge in snowmelt 2001, a summer drought in 2002, and fall storms following the drought were further evaluated for their specific effects on stream chemistry. Snowmelt 2001 had the lowest pH and highest NO3-, base flow during summer drought had the lowest total Al, and storms in fall 2002 had highest SO42- of all periods, but all other solute concentrations were comparable to other discharge periods in this study. Depending on objectives, watershed outlet alone may sufficiently represent solute dynamics in the watershed, and high-discharge events may sufficiently describe solute fluxes for the watershed.
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2

Sharp, Martin, Mark Skidmore, and Peter Nienow. "Seasonal and spatial variations in the chemistry of a High Arctic supraglacial snow cover." Journal of Glaciology 48, no. 160 (2002): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756502781831683.

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AbstractThis paper describes the physical and chemical properties of the snow- pack on John Evans Glacier, Ellesmere Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, and investigates the controls on snowpack solute concentrations and atmospheric deposition. The snowpack contains three layers that are traceable across the whole glacier. These represent fall accumulation that has been metamorphosed to depth hoar, winter accumulation mixed with snow reworked by wind from the underlying depth hoar, and spring accumulation mixed with wind-reworked snow. The seasonal cycle in snow chemistry closely reflects changes in the composition of the atmospheric aerosol at Alert, with some modification of NO3− concentrations by post-depositional processes. Mean water-weighted solute concentrations in the snowpack are largely independent of accumulation, while atmospheric deposition tends to increase with accumulation. This suggests that, for most species, wet deposition is the dominant depositional process throughout the year. However, concentrations of Ca2+ and K+ increase with both accumulation and elevation, implying an enhanced input from dry deposition of soil dust above 800 m elevation. Concentrations of SO42− are inversely related to accumulation, especially in the winter layer, suggesting a significant input from non-precipitating events, such as dry deposition or riming, during this period of very limited snowfall.
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3

Yde, Jacob C., Mette Riger-Kusk, Hanne H. Christiansen, N. Tvis Knudsen, and Ole Humlum. "Hydrochemical characteristics of bulk meltwater from an entire ablation season, Longyearbreen, Svalbard." Journal of Glaciology 54, no. 185 (2008): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/002214308784886234.

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AbstractThe ionic and isotopic characteristics of bulk waters emanating from the cold-based Longyearbreen, central Svalbard, in 2004 are examined to determine lithological, hydrological and glaciological controls on water composition, solute provenance and chemical denudation. The geology consisted of reactive coal seams and associated sedimentary rocks. Acidity caused by microbial-mediated oxidation of sulfides and, to a lesser extent, nitrogen-bearing minerals was neutralized by congruent dissolution of dolomite and incongruent weathering of silicates in open-system subglacial drainage channels. The ablation season was divided into an early melt season, a peak-flow period and a late melt season. The runoff distribution during these periods was 1.7%, 89.7% and 8.6%, respectively, whereas the solute flux distribution was 1.9%, 82.1% and 16.0%, respectively. Comparisons between different annual solute flux estimation methods indicated that extrapolation of peak-flow period data significantly underestimated both the early- and late-melt-season solute fluxes. About 3.8% of the solutes derived from sea-salt spray, 0.7% from acid aerosol deposition and 95.5% from crustal/organic sources. The physical and chemical conditions resulted in diffusion of CO2 rather than atmospheric drawdown. The cation-equivalent weathering rate and the crustal solute yield were 322 ΣmEq+m−2 a−1 and 22 t km−2 a−1, respectively, which are within the regional range of Svalbard. However, the chemical weathering intensity was as high as 940 ΣmEq+ m−3 owing to the relatively low specific discharge of 0.34 m a−1.
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4

Chin-Tai Chen, Ching-Chang Chieng, and Fan-Gang Tseng. "Uniform Solute Deposition of Evaporable Droplet in Nanoliter Wells." Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 16, no. 5 (2007): 1209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jmems.2007.904327.

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5

Tanaka, Tadashi. "THE ROLE OF SUBSURFACE FLOW DYNAMIC ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION OF WATER CHEMISTRY IN A HEADWATER CATCHMENT." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 8, no. 1 (2016): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v8n1.2007.17-30.

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Variation of water chemistry does not merely occur due to in situ chemical process, but also transport process. The study was carried out to address the role of subsurface flow dynamic on spatial and temporal variation of water chemistry in a headwater catchment. Hydrometric and hydrochemistry measurements were done in transect with nested piezometers, tensiometers, and suction samplers at different depths across hillslope and riparian zone in a 5.2 ha first-order drainage of the Kawakami experimental basin, Nagano, Central Japan from August 2000 to August 2001. Spatial variation of solute concentration was defined by the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of the seasonal observed concentrations. Autocorrelation analysis was performed to define temporal variation of solute concentration. The results showed that spatial variation of water chemistry was mainly influenced by the variation of subsurface flow through the hillslope and riparian zone. Solute concentration in the deep riparian groundwater was almost three times higher than that in the hillslope segment. A prominent downward flow in deep riparian groundwater zone provided transport of solutes to the deeper layer. Time series analysis showed that in the deep riparian groundwater, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42- and HCO3- concentrations underwent a random process, Na+ concentration of a random process superimposed by a trend process, and SiO2 of a random process superimposed by a periodic process. Near the riparian surface, SO42- concentration was composed of a random process superimposed by a periodic process, whereas other solutes were mainly in a random process. In the hillslope soil water, there was no trend observed for the Na+ concentration, but there were for Ca2+ and Mg2+. The magnitude and direction of subsurface flow across hillslope and riparian zone created transport and deposition processes that changed solute concentration spatially and temporally.
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6

Tanaka, Tadashi. "THE ROLE OF SUBSURFACE FLOW DYNAMIC ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION OF WATER CHEMISTRY IN A HEADWATER CATCHMENT." Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science 8, no. 1 (2016): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v8n1.2007.p17-30.

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Variation of water chemistry does not merely occur due to in situ chemical process, but also transport process. The study was carried out to address the role of subsurface flow dynamic on spatial and temporal variation of water chemistry in a headwater catchment. Hydrometric and hydrochemistry measurements were done in transect with nested piezometers, tensiometers, and suction samplers at different depths across hillslope and riparian zone in a 5.2 ha first-order drainage of the Kawakami experimental basin, Nagano, Central Japan from August 2000 to August 2001. Spatial variation of solute concentration was defined by the standard deviation and coefficient of variation of the seasonal observed concentrations. Autocorrelation analysis was performed to define temporal variation of solute concentration. The results showed that spatial variation of water chemistry was mainly influenced by the variation of subsurface flow through the hillslope and riparian zone. Solute concentration in the deep riparian groundwater was almost three times higher than that in the hillslope segment. A prominent downward flow in deep riparian groundwater zone provided transport of solutes to the deeper layer. Time series analysis showed that in the deep riparian groundwater, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42- and HCO3- concentrations underwent a random process, Na+ concentration of a random process superimposed by a trend process, and SiO2 of a random process superimposed by a periodic process. Near the riparian surface, SO42- concentration was composed of a random process superimposed by a periodic process, whereas other solutes were mainly in a random process. In the hillslope soil water, there was no trend observed for the Na+ concentration, but there were for Ca2+ and Mg2+. The magnitude and direction of subsurface flow across hillslope and riparian zone created transport and deposition processes that changed solute concentration spatially and temporally.
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7

Gogoi, Prerona, Arun Chattopadhyay, and Partho Sarathi Gooh Pattader. "Toward Controlling Evaporative Deposition: Effects of Substrate, Solvent, and Solute." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 124, no. 50 (2020): 11530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08045.

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8

Bondesson, Eva, Thomas Bengtsson, Lars-Erik Nilsson, and Per Wollmer. "Site of deposition and absorption of an inhaled hydrophilic solute." British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 63, no. 6 (2007): 722–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02835.x.

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9

Lin, Jixiang, Xiaoyuan Peng, Xiaoyu Hua, Shengnan Sun, Yingnan Wang, and Xiufeng Yan. "Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on Leymus chinensis seedlings under salt–alkali stress and nitrogen deposition conditions: from osmotic adjustment and ion balance." RSC Advances 8, no. 26 (2018): 14500–14509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra00721g.

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10

Shang, Yidan, Kiao Inthavong, Dasheng Qiu, Narinder Singh, Fajiang He, and Jiyuan Tu. "Prediction of nasal spray drug absorption influenced by mucociliary clearance." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0246007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246007.

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Evaluation of nasal spray drug absorption has been challenging because deposited particles are consistently transported away by mucociliary clearance during diffusing through the mucus layer. This study developed a novel approach combining Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques with a 1-D mucus diffusion model to better predict nasal spray drug absorption. This integrated CFD-diffusion approach comprised a preliminary simulation of nasal airflow, spray particle injection, followed by analysis of mucociliary clearance and drug solute diffusion through the mucus layer. The spray particle deposition distribution was validated experimentally and numerically, and the mucus velocity field was validated by comparing with previous studies. Total and regional drug absorption for solute radius in the range of 1 − 110nm were investigated. The total drug absorption contributed by the spray particle deposition was calculated. The absorption contribution from particles that deposited on the anterior region was found to increase significantly as the solute radius became larger (diffusion became slower). This was because the particles were consistently moved out of the anterior region, and the delayed absorption ensured more solute to be absorbed by the posterior regions covered with respiratory epithelium. Future improvements in the spray drug absorption model were discussed. The results of this study are aimed at working towards a CFD-based integrated model for evaluating nasal spray bioequivalence.
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