Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Solution-focus'

The positive psychotherapy focused on for this study is Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT). Insoo Kim Berg and Yvonne Dolan (2001) once described the essence of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) as the “pragmatics of hope and respect” (p. 1) and despite Berg and Dolan’s declaration of hope’s importance in SFBT, little process research has been published looking at the “pragmatics” of hope in SFBT practice. Hope is seen as a common factor in psychotherapy since the human relationship, also known as the therapeutic alliance, is a foundation of psychotherapy. Hope plays a significant role in every human interaction and it is seen as a common factor in human relationships.

To begin to address this gap, a pilot study was conducted of an Insoo Kim Berg training recording, Irreconcilable Differences, in order to explore how she listened, selected and built hope in her work. Based on a SFBT technique focus, the preliminary results suggested Insoo Kim Berg builds hope relationally through the solution-building by working within the clients’ focus and their presenting problem. Four different yet interrelated hope phases in the SFBT solution building process were identified. To address this gap further, based on a SFBT stage focus, three cases by Insoo Kim Berg were analyzed in this study, Irreconcilable Differences, Over the Hump, and I’d Hear Laughter. The goal of this research was to demonstrate the how Berg listened, selected, and built hope with clients to validate her progression within and across the five SFBT solution-building stages, in all three cases through constant comparison, and to show how these findings are congruent with SFBT hopeful tenets. All with the intention of allowing the pragmatics of hope and respect to become more transparent for future SFBT practitioners.

Findings suggested building hope appears to be a relational process to building solutions and is co-constructed. Berg demonstrates how she embodies a hopeful stance throughout the duration of therapy. Results show how Berg builds hope within and across her progression of the solution-focused brief therapy solution-building stages, utilizing SFBT techniques and processes, which all align with the foundational SFBT tenets.

The positive psychotherapy focused on for this study is Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT). Insoo Kim Berg and Yvonne Dolan (2001) once described the essence of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) as the “pragmatics of hope and respect” (p. 1) and despite Berg and Dolan’s declaration of hope’s importance in SFBT, little process research has been published looking at the “pragmatics” of hope in SFBT practice. Hope is seen as a common factor in psychotherapy since the human relationship, also known as the therapeutic alliance, is a foundation of psychotherapy. Hope plays a significant role in every human interaction and it is seen as a common factor in human relationships. To begin to address this gap, a pilot study was conducted of an Insoo Kim Berg training recording, Irreconcilable Differences, in order to explore how she listened, selected and built hope in her work. Based on a SFBT technique focus, the preliminary results suggested Insoo Kim Berg builds hope relationally through the solution-building by working within the clients’ focus and their presenting problem. Four different yet interrelated hope phases in the SFBT solution building process were identified. To address this gap further, based on a SFBT stage focus, three cases by Insoo Kim Berg were analyzed in this study, Irreconcilable Differences, Over the Hump, and I’d Hear Laughter. The goal of this research was to demonstrate the how Berg listened, selected, and built hope with clients to validate her progression within and across the five SFBT solution-building stages, in all three cases through constant comparison, and to show how these findings are congruent with SFBT hopeful tenets. All with the intention of allowing the pragmatics of hope and respect to become more transparent for future SFBT practitioners. Findings suggested building hope appears to be a relational process to building solutions and is co-constructed. Berg demonstrates how she embodies a hopeful stance throughout the duration of therapy. Results show how Berg builds hope within and across her progression of the solution-focused brief therapy solution-building stages, utilizing SFBT techniques and processes, which all align with the foundational SFBT tenets.

The purpose of our study is to examine how parents experienced their participation and their involvement in a solution-focused parenting group. The parenting groups are a part of the social welfare system in a town in south of Sweden. The study is conducted as a qualitative study with focus groups. 11 parents have participated. The study´s theoretical framework considers solution focused theory, social constructionism and process within groups.In the study we found that participants generally perceived their participation as positive and that they received confirmation by meeting other parents in the same situation. Participants’ expectations for practical tips and advice were fulfilled indirectly through their participation, but the focus of the parent group was to strengthen the participants themselves by thinking solution-focused. Although the participants did not receive the practical advice they initially expected, the parent group's approach felt to be positive and the participants have understood the idea behind the solution-focused approach. Overall, participants felt that they have become stronger as people and thus also as parents.The study shows that based on the parents’ statements the group leaders have throughout the parenting groups been faithful to the solution focused idea and have implemented this way of thinking within its participants.This study can be seen as a contribute to the development of future solution focused parenting groups. It also shows that there is a need for parenting groups and that this kind of activity can generate positive effects for participants.

Technology in agriculture has in recent years gone from being traditional equipment for agriculture to digital monitoring systems, data collection, and optimization of various processes. The technology within the agriculture domain is called AgTech. Agricam is an AgTech company that have developed a product called Bacticam that combines software, hardware, and veterinary expertise to solve problems in milk production for farmers. Bacticam is a station for bacterial cultivation that is located on the farm and operated by the farmer. Bacticam enables farmers to grow bacteria and analyze milk samples on the farm, with the help of artificial intelligence (AI), to determine the condition of the milk and the overall health conditions of the cow. Bacticam analyses bacterial colonies by taking two photographs of the bacterial growth on the milk samples. These two photographs are taken within certain time intervals with two different light settings to highlight certain parts of the bacterial growth sample images for analysis. The process of photographing the samples is done by using a fixed Android mobile phone. Today, the Bacticam requires the user to switch the light settings manually which poses a risk of contamination to every analyzed sample. A solution to this problem would be to automate the change of light setting during the photography process by connecting custom control electronics, through Bluetooth, to the Android device. The problem explored in this thesis is the lack of designs of systems that control lighting remotely from Android devices and custom control electronics through a Bluetooth interface with a focus on customer experience (CE) and developer experience (DE). The goal is to contribute to new solutions in the AgTech domain with a focus on CE and DE. The result to the stated problem is called the Automatic Bacterial Lighting System (ABLS), which automates the process of changing the light setting during the photography process of bacterial colonies in milk samples for the Bacticam. The ABLS increase the reliability of the Bacticam by reducing the number of interactions the customer has to perform. The ABLS have been developed to establish a stable Bluetooth connection between an Android device and custom control electronics with a focus on both CE and DE. A literature study was conducted prior to the development of the ABLS to explore the domain and gain a better understanding of the issue at hand.
Teknik inom jordbruk har under de senaste åren gått från att enbart bestå av klassisk utrustning för jordbruk till digitala övervakningssystem, datainsamlingar samt IT optimeringar av diverse processer. Dessa moderna tekniklösningar inom jordbruksdomänen kallas för AgTech. Agricam är ett AgTech företag som har utvecklat en produkt som heter Bacticam, som kombinerar mjukvara, hårdvara samt veterinärkompetens för att lösa problem inom mjölkproduktion för mjölkbönder. Bacticam är en station för bakterieodling och sköts och hanteras på gården av mjölkbonden. Bacticam gör det möjligt för mjölkbönder att odla bakterier och analysera mjölkprover på sin gård med hjälp av en AI, för att på så sätt fastställa kvaliteten på mjölken samt kons hälsotillstånd. Bacticam analyserar bakteriekolonier genom att ta två bilder på bakterietillväxten på mjölkproverna. Dessa bilder tas inom vissa tidsintervall med två olika ljussättningar för att skapa en ordentlig profil av bakterieodlingen. Processen med att ta de två fotografierna görs med hjälp av en fastmonterad Androidmobiltelefon. I nuläget kräver Bacticam att användaren byter ljusinställningen manuellt under fotograferingen. Detta innebär en risk för kontaminering vid varje analyserat prov som tas. En lösning på detta problem är att automatisera bytet av ljussättningen under fotograferingsprocessen genom att ansluta styrelektronik till Androidmobiltelefonen via Bluetooth. Problemet som denna avhandling hanterar är bristen på kunskap om utformning av system som fjärrstyr belysning från Androidenheter via ett Bluetoothgränssnitt med hjälp av anpassad styrelektronik med ett fokus på kund- och utvecklarupplevelse. Målet var att bidra till nya lösningar inom AgTech-domänen med fokus på kund- och utvecklarupplevelse. Resultatet till det angivna problemet är döpt till Automatic Bacterial Ligting System (ABLS) och automatiserar ljussättningen under fotograferingsprocessen för att på så vis öka tillförlitligheten på Bacticam genom att minska antalet interaktioner som krävs av användare för att hantera Bacticam. ABLS har utvecklats för att skapa en stabil Bluetoothanslutning mellan en Androidenhet och anpassad styrelektronik med fokus på både kund- och utvecklarupplevelse. En litteraturstudie gjordes inför utvecklandet av ABLS för att bekräfta att avhandlingsproblemet var unikt samt att ABLS därför skulle lösa ett unikt problem. En utvärderingsmodell upprättades för att underlätta analysen samt bekräfta validiteten av ABLS.

In Sweden there are around 400 service dogs and dog handlers within the police (Polisen,2016). The service dogs are used in 25 000 to 30 000 interventions every year. According to the Swedish Police Service (2016), the most common breed within the police in Sweden is German shepherds and Malinois. The service dogs are used to track down people, substances and objects. They can also be used for surveillance and defense (Polisen, 2016). According to Eneström (2015-06-18), the transportation cages for service dogs used within the Swedish police today are designed with smaller measurements than the ones required by the Swedish Board of Agriculture (2015). The reason why the smaller cages are used is that with the measurements stated in the regulations from the Swedish Board of Agriculture, two cages cannot fit into the luggage compartment of the currently used police patrol vehicles (Eneström,2015-06-18). Fortunately, the vehicle Volvo XC70, which is the most commonly used police patrol vehicle, will not be manufactured anymore. This means that a new vehicle have to be chosen touse both for regular patrol vehicles and for dog transportation patrol vehicles. The need of a new solution for transporting service dogs initiated this master thesis, which was initiated by the design company Dacat AB. The aim was to develop a solution for the cages and storage of equipment integrated in a new vehicle of suggestion for the police. The objective was that this new solution should be developed with the user in center, meet the regulations and legislations from stakeholders, obtain high usability, enhance the user experience and provide a healthy, comfortable working environment for both police dogs and the police officers. The outcome of the thesis is visualizations and animations made from 3D models describing the conceptual solution. A user centered design approach was used in this thesis since the target group is narrow and itwas important to understand the context and the target group well. The user centered approach was adapted to fit the design challenge of this thesis, especially to make it work with the fact that the target group consists of both a human and a dog. This lead to an approach and a process, in this thesis called Design for multi-species partnerships. The result consists of a vehicle recommendation with a technical solution for the interior design. It is constructed to fit the recommended vehicle, but also to be adapted to other vehicles, depending on which vehicle the police decide to choose. The interior design is beneficial for both the dogs and the dog handlers as well as for the complete police operations, since it creates a more viable and versatile vehicle for the police. It was important to fulfill the needs and desires of both parts of the target group as well as creating a well functioning solution that works efficiently. The police patrol vehicle is in fact a working place for the target group, which means that aspects not that important to other vehicle users, was shown to be important in this thesis. This because the working place environment is directly connected to health and the ability to perform well. The profession of the target group is important for the society and is filled with a lot of expectations and demands, therefore it is important that the working place environment offer them the possibility to perform well without interference. The master thesis is carried out during the last semester of the Industrial Design Engineerprogram at Luleå University of Technology. The course D7014A is 30 university credits which equals 20 weeks of fulltime work. The thesis was conducted in Gothenburg in the spring of 2017.

Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) is the most abundant and the most economically important copper mineral. Increasing worldwide demand for copper accompanied by exhaustion of copper resources necessitate the development of new processes for treating lower-grade copper ores. Heap (bio)leaching of copper oxides and secondary sulphides (covellite (CuS) and chalcocite (Cu2S)) is a proven technology and a convenient process nowadays. However, chalcopyrite is recalcitrant to leaching and bioleaching in conventional leaching systems in sulphate media. Slow dissolution of chalcopyrite is attributed to the formation of compounds on the surface of the mineral during its dissolution and is often termed “passivation” or “hindered dissolution”. There is still no consensus about the nature of the passivation layer. There are, however, four proposed candidates suggested in the literature: metal deficient sulphides, polysulphides, jarosite and elemental sulphur. This project was aimed to further investigate the chalcopyrite dissolution and its passivation under strictly controlled redox potential conditions. The leaching experiments of the aged and fresh chalcopyrite concentrate under identical conditions showed that copper dissolution was significantly lower from the aged concentrate. The common understanding of reductive leaching mechanism (i.e. higher recoveries at lower redox potentials) was not valid for aged concentrates. Aged concentrates gave steadily increasing recoveries with increased redox potential. The hindering effect exerted from the atmospheric oxidation products on the surface of the aged concentrates was found to be responsible for this behaviour. It was also shown that the reductive leaching mechanism would be beneficial in the presence of an active galvanic interaction. Experiments using a pyritic concentrate resulted in higher recoveries at low redox potential while the dissolution rates were similar at low and high redox potentials using a relatively pure concentrate. In addition, the effect of initial copper concentration had no influential effect on the leaching rates for possible industrial processes. Redox potential development during moderately thermophilic bioleaching experiments of a pyritic chalcopyrite concentrate and a relatively pure chalcopyrite concentrate were chemically/electrochemically mimicked in the absence of microorganisms. The copper recoveries in absence and presence of microorganisms were similar. In some of the abiotic experiments, jarosite precipitated due to a loss of control of the redox potential. However, presence of bulk jarosite did not hamper the copper recovery compared to the bioleaching experiments where there was no bulk jarosite formation. Bio-oxidation of elemental sulphur did not have a positive effect on the leaching behaviour compared to the abiotic experiments where bulk elemental sulphur accumulated. Isotopic fractionations of copper and iron during the bioleaching and abiotic experiments showed that regardless of presence or absence of microorganisms the copper and iron isotopes fractionation followed a similar trend and that such analyses could be used in natural systems as an indicator of the oxidation extent. Surface analyses using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements revealed that common phases on the surface of the samples leached for different durations were iron-oxyhydroxides and elemental sulphur. The elemental sulphur on the surface of the samples was bound to the surface rigidly in a way that it did not sublimate in the ultra-high vacuum environment of the XPS spectrometer at room temperature measurements. Surface jarosite was observed in only one sample but no correlation between its presence and the hindered leaching could be made. It is proposed that iron-oxyhydroxides are the main precursor of chalcopyrite hindered dissolution in sulphate media where their inevitable formation entraps surface elemental sulphur resulting in a consolidated phase on the surface. It was shown that when suitable conditions are met, high copper recoveries can be obtained before the surface is finally hindered.
Godkänd; 2016; 20151215 (seykos); Nedanstående person kommer att disputera för avläggande av teknologie doktorsexamen. Namn: Mohammad Khoshkhoo Ämne: Processmetallurgi /Process Metallurgy Avhandling: Chalcopyrite (Bio)leachning in Sulphate Solutions An Investigation into Hindered Dissolution with a Focus on Solution Redox Potential Opponent: Professor Joachim Petersen, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Sydafrika. Ordförande: Professor Åke Sandström, Avd för mineralteknik och metallurgi, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Luleå tekniska universitet, Luleå. Tid: Fredag 26 februari, 2016 kl 09.30 Plats: E632, Luleå tekniska universitet

One of the major reasons for political instability in Sub-Saharan Africa originates from the way elections are conducted. Most African countries have quite a handful of electoral malpractices which lead to political instability, civil wars and low economic growth.  Electronic voting might be a solution to the election problems and thus bring in a stable political atmosphere which attracts investors. This thesis looks at the prospects and challenges of implementing e-voting in Ghana and Sub-Saharan Africa as a solution to the current manual paper-based system and proposes a framework and requirements which can be used as guidelines for its adoption and implementation. The thesis has been conducted by studying literature on electronic voting and Diffusion of Innovations Theory. Furthermore, a case study has been conducted on the Ghanaian electoral process, by conducting interviews with the Danquah Institute of Ghana and through questionnaires to some Ghanaian citizens in both the rural and urban areas of Ghana. The main results from the thesis show that the adoption and subsequent implementation of e-voting in SSA countries, can only be possible if the governments show strong committment and support by securing funds through donor organizations, and providing the necessary IT infrastructure and other resources needed to support the project. Voter education too is an absolute necessity. The adoption of e-voting is mainly based on how the innovation will be diffused and the perceived benefits that will be derived from the investment. Hence, particular attention should be paid to the various communication channels, especially the media, through which messages are passed across to the citizens.

After the Cold war, most African countries have strived to be democratic States by accommodating the idea of liberal democracy. Although these countries adopt this kind of system of governance, most of them do not adhere to the tenets which this type of democracy ascribes. The political systems in most African countries are organised and based on what is referred to as politics of identity. This is where the set up of political institutions is based on interest groups with an ethnic, religious or any peculiar identity configuration. The practice of identity politics based on ethnic, religious or merely any identity, leads to exclusion of some segmental groups from the governance system in most African countries.
Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2011.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/
nf2012
Centre for Human Rights
LLM

Around one percent of the Swedish population is defined as visually impaired and ten percent of them are classified as blind (Funka, n.d.; SRF, 2017a). A study shows that the prevalence of nearsightedness will increase to around half the population in the world in 2050 (Holden et. al., 2016). This suggests an increased need for solutions that work for people with reduced vision, not only for visually impaired but for a large group of the population. The aim of the project is to conceptualize a technological mainstream solution that supports people when shopping for groceries. The focus is on making this solution accessible for people with low vision. The project was planned based on the human-centered design process described by IDEO.org (2015), with an overall process divided into three phases: inspiration, ideation, and implementation. In the first phase, inspiration, a literature review was done, different field studies and other research methods were carried out. The outcome of the phase was three personas, two scenarios, and a design specification. During the second phase, ideation, the project scope was narrowed down – focusing on physical grocery stores (excluding online stores) and on conceptualizing a smartphone application. An ideation workshop was conducted, followed by concept creation, paper prototyping, scenario writing, user evaluations and a final concept selection. In the last phase, implementation, follow up feedback sessions were held and a simulation test of the final concept was held. Visualizations and presentation of the final concept were done. A list of summarized design principles was created, as support for further work on designing the application for low vision users. The final concept is based on a smartphone application that supports the customer through shopping list management, aisle navigation, item selection and item scanning, for a seamless customer experience for both people with full and low vision. The technology that will be utilized is Pricer AB's electronic shelf labels (ESL) with item positioning, customer navigation, and individual flashing light, combined with the grocery store online database with item descriptions and images. Here follows an example of how the interaction could look like for someone with low vision: He always prepares his shopping list before heading to the store, this way he knows the shopping will be easier for him. In the store, he gets all items on the list presented in the correct order of the store, in that way he knows what to search for. When looking for soy sauce from his shopping list he has trouble remembering where the section is, so he checks it up with the navigation. He realizes that it was just around the corner of where he just passed by. Once at the section he is presented with a list of different soy sauces in the application, matching his location, previous purchases and the soy sauce on his shopping list. He can now select the one that he prefers, and a picture of it appears on the screen, simultaneously a flashing green light appears by the item on the shelf, and he can easily and independently find the way right up to the soy sauce he wants.
Ungefär en procent av Sveriges befolkning är synskadade, och tio procent av dem är så pass gravt synskadade att de kan definieras som blinda (Funka, n.d.; SRF, 2017a). Enligt en studie förväntas närsynthet världen över att öka, och under 2050 vara uppe i hälften av jordens befolkning (Holden et. al., 2016). Detta tyder på ett ökat behov av lösningar som fungerar för personer med nedsatt syn, inte bara för synskadade utan för en stor del av befolkningen. Målet med projektet är att undersöka nuläget och behoven för synsvaga personer när de handlar mat, för att sedan kunna utveckla universell teknisk ­lösning som ska fungera som ett stöd när man handlar mat. Projektet planerades utifrån en människocentrerad designprocess beskriven av IDEO.org (2015), som är indelad i tre faser: inspiration, idégenereringen och genomförande. I den första fasen, inspiration, gjordes en litteraturstudie, flera fältstudier genomfördes, samt andra research metoder. Resultatet här var tre personas, två scenarion och en designspecifikation. Under den andra fasen, idégenereringen, ställdes nya avgränsningar upp för projektet – fokuset riktades nu mot den fysiska butiker (avgränsning från e-handeln) och att målet skulle vara att ta fram en smartphone-applikation. En idéworkshop genomfördes, konceptgenerering, skapande av pappersprototyper, scenarion, utvärdering med användare och ett slutligt konceptval. I sista fasen, genomförande, följdes det slutliga konceptet upp med tidigare deltagare och det slutliga konceptet testades i en simulerad studie. Visualisering och presentation av slutkonceptet gjordes. Designprinciper för utveckling av applikationer för synsvaga sammanfattades, för att fungera som stöd för vidare arbete med utveckling av konceptet. Slutkonceptet bygger på en smartphone-applikation som ska fungera som stöd för kunden, från skapandet av inköpslista, navigering i butiken, val och identifiering av varor och slutligen att scanna varan. I sin helhet skapar detta en komplett lösning i mataffären för både seende och synsvaga kunder. Tekniken som ska utnyttjas för konceptet är Pricer AB's elektroniska hyllkantsetikett-system (ESL-system) med positionering, kundnavigering samt en lysdiod på varje enskild etikett, i kombination med butikens online-databas med produktbeskrivningar och bilder på varorna. Här kommer en beskrivning av hur interaktionen med systemet kan gå till för någon som är synsvag: Han förbereder alltid sin inköpslista innan han går till affärer, eftersom han vet att det underlättar för honom. Väl i butiken får han varorna från inköpslistan presenterade i den ordningen de kommer, vilket förenklar letandeprocessen. När han letar efter sojasås som han har på listan har han svårt att komma ihåg var i butiken han hittar den, så han kollar upp det med navigeringsfunktionen. Han inser då att han missade den just bakom hörnet som han gick förbi. Väl framme vid sektionen får han en lista med olika sojasåser presenterade i applikationen, de baseras på hans position i butiken, tidigare köp och vad han har på inköpslistan. Han kan nu välja den han gillar och får då en bild på varan på sin skärm, samtidigt som en grön lampa blinkar precis där varan är placerad på hyllan. Han kan nu enkelt och självständigt plocka varan han vill ha från hyllan.

På Hälsocenter Västmanland arbetar personalen utefter samtalsmodellen lösningsfokus i möten med klienter. Lösningsfokus är en modell vars syfte är att skapa en framtidsbild i samband med en förändring, främst hos individer men även i grupper eller organisationer. Lösningsfokus är en modell som fokuserar på erfarenheter och resurser hos individer. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur personalen på Hälsocenter Västmanland upplever att modellen lösningsfokus fungerar i möten med klienterna. För att svara på syftet användes en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjupersonerna till studien var personal på Hälsocenter Västmanland som arbetar nära klienter tillsammans med modellen lösningsfokus. Datamaterialet analyserades med hjälp av en induktiv manifest innehållsanalys. Resultatet visade att lösningsfokus är en modell som bidrar med ett positivare beteende hos klienterna som kommer till Hälsocenter Västmanland. Modellen upplevdes inte som påfrestande för personalen då det är klienterna själva som ska komma fram till lösningar och hitta sina resurser. Dock ansågs det vara svårt att använda modellen om klienterna inte hade någon eller nedsatt kognitiv förmåga.
The employees at Hälsocenter Västmanland works with a model called solution-focus. Solution-focus is a model with the aim to create a image of the future in the context of a change, mainly individually but also in groups and organizations. Solution-focus is a model that focuses on experiences and resources of individuals. The purpose of the study was to examine how the staff at Hälsocenter Västmanland was experiencing the model solution- focus in meetings with clients. To answer the purpose a qualitative approach was used with semi-structured interviews. The respondents in the study were the employees at Hälsocenter Västmanland who works with clients along with the model solution-focus. The data was analyzed using an indicative manifest content analysis. The result showed that the solution- focus is a model that contributes to a positive behavior in the clients who comes to Hälsocenter Västmanland. The model is not perceived as stressful for the staff since it is the clients themselves who must come up with solutions and find resources within their lives. However, it can be difficult to use the model if the clients do not have any, or have a reduced cognitive ability.

In today’s data-driven society, also called the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Text and Data Mining (TDM) has become an essential tool in managing the booming Big Data in its different sizes and forms. It is also an inherent part of AI research using machine learning, where these techniques highly depend on datasets derived from TDM to self-learn and to make autonomous decisions. Through the lens of copyright and related rights, TDM may be used to train AI for the purpose of AI-driven creativity, where AI has already helped in actualizing paintings, compose music and to produce movie trailers. However, since TDM typically involves extraction and/or copying of works and other subject matter protectable by copyright and related rights – in order to create datasets relevant to each AI project – it is at risk of infringing the exclusive right of reproduction and sui generis database right under the EU acquis. Indeed, TDM used for the purpose of AI-driven creativity may not necessarily amount to an infringement, if the restricted act is covered by prima facie an available exception or limitation. Several pre-existing exceptions and limitations under the EU acquis, i.e. temporary act of reproduction, scientific research, normal use of a database, extraction of insubstantial part from a database and the mandatory exception for computer programs, have been examined as possible candidates to screen unlicensed TDM activities from copyright and related rights infringement. However, this thesis observes that due to their narrow scope and the legal fragmentation caused by the voluntary implementation of some of the exceptions, these are not fully adapted to cover unlicensed TDM and thus creating legal uncertainties for AI developers. In this regard, in order to transfers the fundamental principle of copyright and related rights into the digital age and to compete with legal systems that offer a more friendly environment for TDM (e.g. US, Japan and UK), the European legislator adopted the Digital Single Market Directive 2019/790 (DSM Directive) comprising two obligatory TDM exceptions in articles 3 and 4. However, despite the reduction of several legal uncertainties and the diverging national implementations of the pre-existing exceptions and limitations, the adopted regime has significant shortcoming that may hinder the AI development in Europe. Ultimately, this thesis concludes that despite following an approach that better fits the digital environment, the DSM Directive fails to address the new era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution to which AI belongs.

Bakgrund: Kvalitetsutveckling inom vården pågår i hela världen. Internationell forskning indikerar att förbättringscoacher kan vara en framgångsfaktor i förbättringsarbetet. Det är i dag oklart hur man kan utveckla interna coacher till att stödja kontinuerliga förbättringar. Studien utvärderar ett lokalt, tvärprofessionellt coachprogam inom vård och omsorg i ett geografiskt område i Sverige med en etablerad samverkanskultur. För att främja ökad kundcentrering ingick en pensionär i programmets planeringsgrupp. Deltagarna introducerades i grundläggande förbättringskunskap och i lösningsfokuserat arbetssätt som ett sätt att bättre kunna hantera komplexiteten i vård och omsorg. Programmet utformades med åtta gemensamma träffar under perioden mars till oktober 2011.   Syfte: Att identifiera faktorer i ett lokalt coachprogram som framstår som mest väsentliga för att medarbetare i vård och omsorg ska kunna gå in i rollen som förbättringscoacher. Metod: Studien är en observerande fallstudie med inslag av aktionsforskning och en induktiv kvalitativ ansats. Deltagare i studien var blivande coacher, pensionärer, planeringsgruppen och erfarna coacher. Sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med totalt 17 personer genomfördes, samt analys av lokala dokument och fyra enkäter. Data analyserades genom en manifest kvalitativ innehållsanalys och triangulering. Resultatet validerades av samtliga deltagare i studien. Resultat: Involvering av pensionärer ansågs vara en viktig faktor eftersom det förstärkte kundfokuseringen. Deltagarna i studien poängterade att kundfokus, ett lösningsfokuserat förhållningssätt, nätverk och systemförståelse var grundläggande för utvecklingen av coachrollen. Dessa faktorer bedömdes som viktigare än de specifika förbättringsverktygen. Diskussion: De mest väsentliga faktorerna kan delas in i det som uppmuntrade till idéer, vilja, görande och uthållighet. Pensionärsinvolveringen förstärkte kundfokuseringen, och det lösningsfokuserade arbetssättet framstod som ett bra komplement till de sedvanliga förbättringsverktygen. Det vore intressant att jämföra detta program med förbättringsprogram i andra kontexter.
Background: Internal improvement coaches can support quality improvement efforts. The study is about a local interprofessional coach training program in a region in Sweden with an established culture of collaboration. The program included participants from different health care disciplines and was organized over eight days between March and October 2011. A senior citizen was involved in faculty and participated during all training sessions. The participants were introduced to basic improvement knowledge and a solution focused approach.Purpose: To explore essential elements of a local coach training program and what appears to be crucial in moving into the role of being an improvement coach.Method: The study is a mix methods case study with elements of action research and an inductive qualitative approach. Participants in the study were prospective coaches, senior citizens, the program team, and experienced coaches. Data were collected through seven semi-structured group interview sessions with a total of 17 individuals, document analysis and 4 questionnaires. Data were analyzed using a manifest content analysis and triangulation. The results were validated by all participants in the study.Results: The data suggest that the involvement of a senior citizen was essential for strengthening customer focus. Participants in the study pointed out that customer focus, developing a value base, networking skills with a solution focused approach and systems thinking were fundamental to the development of the coaching role. These factors were assessed as more important than improvement tools.Discussion: The results can be divided into those which encouraged ideas, will, execution, and endurance. Senior citizen involvement enhanced customer focus and the solution-focused approach seems to be a valuable addition to the usual improvement tools. It would be interesting to compare this program with other improvement programs or in other contexts.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most threatening epidemics of modern times with rapidly increasing incidence. Vanadium and peroxovanadium compounds have been shown to exert insulin–like actions and, in contrast to insulin, are orally applicable. However, problems with side–effects and toxicity remain. The exact mechanism(s) by which these compounds act are not yet fully known. Thus, a better understanding of the aqueous chemistry of vanadates and peroxovanadates in the presence of various (bio)ligands is needed.

The present thesis summarises six papers dealing mainly with aqueous speciation in different vanadate – and peroxovanadate – ligand systems of biological and medical relevance. Altogether, five ligands have been studied, including important blood constituents (lactate, citrate and phosphate), a potential drug candidate (picolinic acid), and a dipeptide (alanyl serine) to model the interaction of (peroxo)vanadate in the active site of enzymes. Since all five ligands have been studied both with vanadates and peroxovanadates, the number of systems described in the present work is eleven, including the vanadate – citrate – lactate mixed ligand system. The pH–independent formation constants have been determined for 33 ternary vanadate – ligand, 41 quaternary peroxovanadate – ligand and two vanadate – mixed ligand species in addition to the pK_a values of all five ligands. These constants have been used to model physiological conditions, and the biomedical relevance of the different species is discussed.

The studies have been performed at 25 ºC in the physiological medium of 0.150 M Na(Cl), i.e. the ionic strength of human blood. No buffers have been used, and wide pH–ranges have usually been covered. The applied experimental techniques comprise mostly ⁵¹V NMR and potentiometry, but ³¹P, ¹³C, ¹H and ¹⁴N NMR as well as EPR and ESI–MS have also been used to gain additional information. Multimethod data have been treated by the least–squares program LAKE and modelling has been carried out by the software package WinSGW.

Whenever possible, solution structures of the species have been proposed. In addition, simple biological tests have been carried out to determine the stability of the formed peroxovanadate complexes in the presence of human catalase. A brief comparison is given of the different vanadate – ligand and peroxovanadate – ligand systems with emphasis on observed trends and general features.

Telemetry system, Optimisation, Sensoric networks, Smart Grid, Internet of Things, Sensors, Information security, Cryptography, Cryptography algorithms, Cryptosystem, Confidentiality, Integrity, Authentication, Data freshness, Non-Repudiation.

博士
國立臺灣師範大學
教育心理與輔導研究所
87
The study of the counseling effect about adult career transition by solution focus method Abstract I. The purpose of the study： 1. To established the adult career transition questionnaire (A.C.T.Q.) to fit adult career counseling. 2. To understood the factor influence adult career transition by adult career transition questionnaire (A.C.T.Q) for R.O.C. 3. To explored the difference between different demography variable and the influence variable of adult career transition. 4. To develop “the adult career transition counseling method by solution focus in brief therapy（S.F.B.T.）” included individual and group method. II. The subjects of the study. 1. The subjects of the survey of adult career transition questionnaire (A.C.T.Q.) was sampling from the student of the National Open University（N.O.U.）.The rate of the recover was 78.20%，the population of valid sampling was 739. 2.The subjects of the experiment was from the survey scale of willing to join the experiment that was follows the A.C.T.Q. That divide into two groups. The first group have 5 subjects that was receive individual counseling. The second group have 6 subjects that were receiving group counseling. III.The variable of the experiment and the statistic method 1. We use MAONOVA、one way ANOVA、chi-square (χ2)test and t test statistic method to test the hypothesis of the study .Each one took the demography variable was independent variable then by the career transition experience variable and the scores of the factor of he A.C.T.Q was dependent variable. 2. The case study experiment was to divide 2 parts. The first group was to arrangement 3-5 times individual counseling .The second group was to arrangement 7 times group counseling. Every rating was evaluated after each experiment then evaluated by the client, observer and counselor himself. The same times we use descriptive analysis of the study to tested the counseling method of the counselor was suited by S.F.B.T. on adult career counseling. Ⅳ.The major result of the study 1. To established adult career transition questionnaire (A.C.T.Q.) that to give an instrument for adult career transition counseling and to study. 2. There have almost 30%subjects that when did the subjects have troubles on career transition will to found the counselor, That more better than generally population of Taiwan. 3. The scores of A.C.T.Q .on the different sex、occupation、education and age those have significant different. 4. The more times of career transition the more self-direction.The more nearly the career transition time the more need to be help. The more connected with counselor the more skilled to using social resource solved the career transition problem. 5. There were two factor of career self-actualized and the factor of career drive were significant different .The result of individual counseling effect evaluated scale that almost over 4 points evaluated by the client ,observer and counselor .The last time of the every rating was better than the first time so that the counseling effect of individual counseling of solution focus career transition were asserted by the client ,observer and counselor. 6. The t test with the scores of A.C.T.Q between pre test and post test received the group counseling of solution focus career transition .the factor of significant others support posttest better than pretest. The result of group counseling effect evaluated scale were asserted by the client ,observer and counselor. 7. From this study，we found the framework of individual counseling of solution focus for adult career transition was comprehensive and useful . Ⅴ.Suggestion： 1. To caring the group that career transition more times then to develop suitable guidance strategy We found the less education background 、the 20- 30 years group and 36-40years group were the most loading of career transition, The ccupation were laborer and business that most unsatisfied of career decision and career feedback, anxiety of career transition, uneasily the career transition knowledge. That need to concern and to develop suitable guidance strategy for them. 2.To explore the interaction relationship between individual counseling of solution focus for adult career transition by quality analysis of the counseling dialog .in the further study. 3.To established the standardized norm of A.C.T.Q. by collection sampling in the different occupation opulation.then modified the A.C.T.Q. by item analysis and computerize of the test sore accounting in the further study.

碩士
中國文化大學
教育心理與輔導研究所
91
An outcome study of the Solution-Focus Oriented Parent Education Program Abstract The purpose of this stud y was to develop a solution-focus oriented parenting education program and to study its effectiveness. The study attempted to answer the following questions: whether the solution-focus oriented parent education program was able to change the mothers’ parenting attitude, pattern of parenting skill , as well as the target children behavior. The nonequivalent group design was applied to conduct the study. All subjects were measured before, during, immediate and four weeks after parent education program was completed. The four measuring instruments created specifically for this study are as the following: Parent attitude scale, Parent skill scale, Target child’s behavioral rating scale, and Maternal child-rearing practice scale. Nine scores were generated for each subject based from this four scales. The subjects were the mother who voluntarily signed up for the parent education programs sponsored by the “ Teacher Chang” of Taipei Counseling Center. There are 20 mothers of children aged 10 to 12 participated in this study. They were assigned to two parent groups. The first group of 10 subjects was the experimental group and the second group of another 10 subjects was the control group and they did not start the parent education program until the end of the study. The weekly six sessions solution-focus oriented parent education program was used as the experimental stimulus. T test for independent samples was applied to the collected data. Statistic difference were tested between the two groups and among the various phases of program. Results of the study were summarized in the following: 1. The solution-focus oriented parent education program has positive effect on the subjects’ parenting attitude. Specifically, the experimental group showed significant higher scores on the following variables than the control group: providing positive feedback, small change making new opportunities, as well as the self- confidences. 2. The program has positive effect on the subjects’ pattern of parenting skill. Specifically, the experimental group showed significant higher scores on the following variables than the control group: target setting and solution development, compliment, and homework assignment. 3. The program has positive effect on the subjects’ target children’s behavior. Specifically, the experimental group showed significant higher scores on scores of maternal child-rearing practice questionnaire 4. The program has positive effect on the target children’s perception of mother’s parenting behavior. 5.The effectiveness of the solution-focus parent education program was found to maintain at least four weeks. 6. For the experimental group, the effectiveness of the program was found to increase across the various phase of the treatment. The limitations and implications of the results were also discussed.

碩士
國立嘉義大學
輔導與諮商學系研究所
106
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of applying a Solution-focus curriculum in a Guidance Activity Course in a junior high school, and how it affected students' learning adjustment. This study conducted a quasi-experimental design. The experimental sample consisted of 32 seventh graders who were in their original 2 classes of a remote school in Tainan. These 2 classes were randomly chosen to be the experimental group and the control group. A Solution-focus curriculum was taught in the Guidance Activity course of the experimental group, while the control group was taught in a general curriculum. Both groups were tested to compare the differences on 3 variables: Learning Method, Learning Habits and Learning Attitude after each group received different curricula. The qualitative data of the worksheets, reflective journal and interviews further demonstrated students' changing process in depth. The results showed that the effects of Solution-focus curriculum as better than the general curriculum on variables of Learning Method, Learning Habits and Learning Attitude were not supported by the statistical data. However, from the qualitative data, the results did show Reframing, Positive Thinking, Exceptional Principle and Praise played a positive role on student’s Learning Attitude.

碩士
東吳大學
法律學系
97
With an eye to the increasing Medical Malpractice Disputes, the relationships between Medical Doctors and patients are more and more intense. The phenomenon becomes common problem of civilized countries around the world. Our country is gradually stepping toward a developed nation and facing the same difficult situation. And as well known, the consequences of increasing Medical Malpractice Disputes (or intense relationships between Medical Doctors and patients) includes: the aspirations of the workers devoted to medical industry decrease, the medical-practice technology stops to progress, and the medical doctors resort to defensive medical practices. All the consequences described above are very detrimental to the medical industry which focuses on medical doctors, as well as to the health welfare of the crowd. In order to face and solve the problem, the research of the thesis tries to find out the effective solution. First, according to the nature of medical practices which are usually uncertain and unpredictable, we discuss the benefits and defects of the four main medical policies: Compulsory Mediation System, Decriminalization of Medical Negligence, Presumed Liability of Medical Behavior or No-Fault Liability of Medical Behavior, and No-Fault Compensation System of Medical Accident. After that, we illustrate why and how Compulsory Medical Doctor's Liability Insurance System is necessary to deal with the dilemma, and then propose the designed content and contractual mechanism of it for future further research. At last, we make criticism and analysis of the draft of Compulsory Medical Practice Liability Insurance Act proposed by the Legislative Yuan of Taiwan in 2005（exactly the same as the version of the draft proposed by the Legislative Yuan of Taiwan in 2003）, and propose some suggestions of its revision. In the end of the thesis, we provide the conclusion of the subject discussed in the thesis (besides urge to establish Compulsory Medical Doctor's Liability Insurance System, also partially emphasize on continuously prevention of medical malpractice and medical injury). The thesis comprises five chapters as described below： The First Chapter： Describes the definition and characteristic of medical behaviors, as well as definition and classification of medical doctors. Then points out the motive and the purpose of the research, and presents the questions about the subject of the thesis. The Second Chapter： Discusses the benefits and defects of the four medical policies: Compulsory Mediation System, Decriminalization of Medical Negligence, Presumed Liability of Medical Behavior or No-Fault Liability of Medical Behavior, and No-Fault Compensation System of Medical Accident. The Third Chapter： Illustrates how Arbitrary Medical Doctor's Liability Insurance System isn't enough to resolve the problem, and analyzes the constitutionality and functionality of Compulsory Medical Doctor's Liability Insurance System. Then proposes the suggested content of Compulsory Medical Doctor's Liability Insurance System and how the contracts constitute. The Forth Chapter： Criticizes and analyzes the draft of Compulsory Medical Practice Liability Insurance Act proposed by the Legislative Yuan of Taiwan in 2005, and makes some suggestions of its revision. The Fifth Chapter： Draws conclusion of the subject of the thesis.

碩士
國立彰化師範大學
輔導與諮商學系所
94
The effects of solution-focus oriented parent education group program on parents of dropout-at-risk student Wei-lin Wu Abstract The main purposes of this research is to explore solution-focus oriented parent education group program, which is used to examine the effect of parenting attitude, parenting style, parent-child relationship for parents of dropout-at-risk students. The research would be valuable for reference and application for future willing to help counseling affairs. The research use qualitative study and choose one of junior high school’s parents of dropout-at-risk students to be group member. The seven parents of dropout-at-risk students are willing to attend solution-focus oriented parent education group program. Members in group take the solution-focus oriented parent education group program for eight times, two and half hours, and one follow-up group after eight sessions. The analysis of the research is using individual interview to be the main data. The individual interview before group is used to understand the member’s beginning behavior. The individual interview after group is used to understand the member’s group counseling effects. The process of group record and leader’s record is also used as proves and supplements of research. Conclusions of this research are as follows: 1. Solution-focus oriented parent education group program can change the parenting attitude of parents of dropout-at-risk students and help their parenting attitude becoming active. 2. Solution-focus oriented parent education group program can improve the parenting style of parents of dropout-at-risk students and help their parenting style becoming flexible. 3. Solution-focus oriented parent education group program can improve parent-child relationship of parents of dropout-at-risk students and help their parent-child relationship becoming more equal and peaceful. Finally, suggestions from the results of this study were provided for counseling practices and future study.

碩士
國立臺北教育大學
心理與諮商學系碩士班
98
Abstract The purposes of this study are: 1. To investigate the influence of using solution-focus approach class guidance on 3rd grade elementary school students. 2. To investigate the changes of the rejected and the neglected children in socimetric status. 3. To know the reflections and changes of children after class guidance. 4. To get the reflections and growth of a teacher after applying the basic spirit of SFBT to the research. To archive the fore-mentioned goals, a social interaction guidance program which contains 12 classes is scheduled to a 3rd grade class in Taipei County. The tool “Children Social Skills Inventory” was used prior and after the program for measuring and the collected data was analyzed by Dependent-Sample t-Test approach. Teacher TU's Sociometric Test is also applied to analyze the changes of socimetric status. The conclusions of this research are: 1. It is effective to use solution-focus approach guidance for raising children’s social interactive skill. The scores of cooperative behavior, assertive and self-control are significantly different between two measures that take before and after the guidance class. 2. Some teachers agree that the solution-focus approach guidance is effective for 3rd grade students. 3. Using solution-focus approach guidance will change the socimetric status of the rejected and the neglected children. 4. Students are highly approval about solution-focus approach guidance. 5. Based on the spirit of SFBT, the best field to create successful experience for students is classroom. This will start a new direction for class management. On grounds of the study results, this study was to offer proposals for further studies and teachers.

碩士
國立臺北大學
法學系
94
ABSTRACT Research on Objective Scope of Civil Judgment Effect ---Focus on How to Make the Best Adjustment between One-time Conflict’s Solution and Procedural Safeguards--- by Lin, Shu-ching Jan.2006 Advisor: Dr. Lough, Yeong-jia Department: Dept. of Law, Graduate School of National Taipei University Major: Civil Procedure Law Degree: Master of Law Pages of Thesis: 322 pages Summary content of the thesis: This thesis is divided into three parts. Chapter one is the introduction, the second to the fifth comprise the principal part of the thesis, and the sixth chapter is the conclusion. In the introduction the motive and purpose of the dissertation, scope and methodology of the study are discussed and explained. The following questions initiate our motive to study on objective scope of civil judgment effect. First, as we know objective scope of civil judgment effect is one of the central issues of civil procedure laws, litigation is an action taken by one party in order to solve disputes and the objective scope of civil judgment effect is a way to avoid further disputes between parties. Then isn’t Res Judicata of the objective scope defined simultaneously as the litigation object’s scope is determined and in result of the equation of “Res Judicata of the objective scope = the litigation object’s scope = Sentence of the judgement”? Issue Preclusion may solve more thoroughly the conflict between parties as Issue Preclusion aims to solve the contradiction arosen from among judgments. Furthermore, Issue Preclusion prevent the parties from making contradictory claims in separate litigations. Issue Preclusion has a binding force on the judgement’s reasons, however does this contradict with the equation " Res Judicata of the objective scope = Litigation object’s scope =Sentence of the judgment "? Is the application of Issue Preclusion a violation of Res Judicata? Finally, the binding force of judgment effect is to forbid each party to file repetitive suit and to make contradictious claims, but besides Res Judicata and Issue Preclusion, is it possible to apply the principles of Good Faith and Fair Dealing? In short, the thesis is centralized around these questions. Chapter Two begins to probe into the meaning of Res Judicata, the essential of Res Judicata, the foundation of Res Judicata, and the function of Res Judicata. The foundation of Res Judicata determines why parties should have been bound force of judgment. There are three kinds of theories raised in recent studies : (1)the biding force occurred due to the civil procedure’s purpose which is to solve the dispute; (2) the dualism is to make the best adjustment between one-time solution of the dispute and procedural safeguards; (3) The parties’ responsibility of their claim. Among the aforementioned 3 theories, we would adopt the dualism for the reason that procedural safeguards play an important role in determining Res Judicata’s objective scope. Thus, Res Judicata’s objective scope would be adjusted in consideration of the parties’ procedural safeguards. As we adopt the dualism, our research in Chapter Three, Four and Five which are about objective scope of civil judgment effect are mainly made based on the theory of dualism. Chapter Six is a conclusion of the thesis.