Academic literature on the topic 'Somalien'

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Journal articles on the topic "Somalien"

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Arthur, Jo. "Language at the margins." Language Problems and Language Planning 28, no. 3 (November 5, 2004): 217–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.28.3.01art.

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Drawing on a recent ethnographic research project conducted in an urban neighbourhood of Liverpool, England, this paper focuses on Somali speakers, relating the experience of members of this minority language community to the local linguistic and cultural ecology of the city. The community forms part of a Somali diaspora created largely as a consequence of civil war in Somalia towards the end of the twentieth century. The paper opens with an account of the context of the languages and cultures of Liverpool, going on to explore the communicative roles of languages and literacies — Somali, English and Arabic — in the lives of members of the Somali community. Also reported are insights, gained in interviews, into the symbolic values which these languages and literacies hold for them. These data indicate unresolved tensions felt by the interviewees in relation to issues both of cultural identity and of social and educational aspirations — tensions which are closely linked to widespread concern in the community over what is perceived as inter-generational language shift, from Somali to English. This concern has led to the setting up of Somali literacy teaching for young people in the community, and the study included observation of these classes. The paper considers the contribution of such affirmative action to the maintenance and valorisation of Somali, as the language of community heritage, before concluding with discussion of the implications of the Somali community experience in Liverpool — of both marginalisation and resistance — for the management of multilingualism in this modern city. Sommaire Les langues dans la marge: Le cas du somalien à Liverpool Cet article se concentre sur les locuteurs somaliens. Les informations obtenues se rapportent à l’expérience des membres de cette communauté linguistique minoritaire et s’inspirent des conclusions d’une étude ethnographique menée dans un quartier urbain de Liverpool, en Angleterre. La communauté fait partie de la diaspora somalienne, créée principalement à la suite de la guerre civile en Somalie vers la fin du 20ème siècle. L’article présente le contexte des langues et cultures de Liverpool ainsi que les rôles de communication des langues et des taux d’alphabétisation pour les langues — somalien, anglais, arabe — dans la vie des membres de la communauté somalienne. En s’appuyant sur des entretiens effectués, cet article donne aussi un aperçu des valeurs symboliques que représentent pour eux ces langues et leur taux d’alphabétisation. Ces données révèlent les tensions irrésolues ressenties par les personnes interviewées en ce qui concerne les questions à la fois de culture identitaire et d’aspirations sociales et en matière d’éducation. Ces tensions sont intimement liées à une inquiétude répandue parmi la communauté en ce qui concerne les changements qui semblent intervenir au niveau du somalien et de l’anglais entre les générations. Cette inquiétude a mené à la création d’un enseignement du somalien pour les jeunes de la communauté et cette étude inclus les observations de ces classes. L’article prend en considération la contribution d’une action si affirmative pour le maintien et la valorisation du somalien, en qualité de langue du patrimoine de la communauté, et termine en conclusion par une discussion des implications — à la fois de la marginalisation et de la résistance de la communauté somalienne à Liverpool — en ce qui concerne la gestion du multilinguisme de cette ville moderne. [Cette étude se base sur des recherches effectuées en 2001–2002 avec le soutien du Leverhulme Trust. L’auteur remercie l’aide de Cabdillaahi Cawed Cige, Mariam Salah et Samsam Saleh.] Resumo Lingvo marĝena: La kazo de la somalia en Liverpool Surbaze de lastatempa etnografia esplorprojekto farita en urba kvartalo de Liverpool, Anglio, tiu ĉi artikolo fokusiĝas je somaliparolantoj, ligante la sperton de anoj de tiu ĉi lingvominoritata komunumo al la kultura ekologio de la urbo. La komunumo formas parton de somalia diasporo kreita plejparte rezulte de la civila milito en Somalio fine de la dudeka jarcento. La artikolo komenciĝas per prezento de la lingva kaj kultura kunteksto de Liverpool, kaj poste esploras la komunikajn rolojn de lingvoj kaj leg- kaj skribkapabloj — somaliaj, anglaj kaj arabaj — en la vivoj de anoj de la somalia komunumo. Oni ankaŭ raportas pri perceptoj, gajnitaj el intervjuoj, pri ilia sento de la simbolaj valoroj entenataj en tiuj lingvoj kaj kapabloj. Tiuj datenoj indikas, ke la intervjuatoj sentis nesolvitajn streĉitecojn rilate demandojn kaj de kultura identeco kaj de sociaj kaj edukaj aspiroj — streĉitecojn proksime ligitajn al disvastiĝinta maltrankvilo en la komunumo pri tio, kion oni perceptas kiel intergeneracian lingvoŝoviĝon de la somalia al la angla. Tiu maltrankvilo kondukis al starigo de somalia alfabetiga instruado por komunumaj gejunuloj, kaj la studo enhavis ankaŭ observadon de tiuj klasoj. La artikolo konsideras la kontribuon de tia pozitiva agado al konservado kaj valorigo de la somalia, kiel la lingvo de la komuna heredaĵo. La artikolo finiĝas per diskuto de la implicoj de la spertoj de la somalia komunumo en Liverpool — spertoj kaj de marĝenigo kaj de rezistado — por la mastrumado de multlingvismo en tiu moderna urbo. [La studo baziĝas sur esploroj subtenataj en 2001–2 de Leverhulme Trust. La aŭtoro danke rekonas la helpon de Cabdillaahi Cawed Cige, Mariam Salah kaj Samsam Saleh.]
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Lotz, Wolfram. "Verteidigungsrede des Somalischen Piraten – Défense du pirate somalien." Skenegraphie, no. 6 (November 1, 2019): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/skenegraphie.3018.

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Musse, Osman Sayid Hassan, and Abdelghani Echchabi. "Dollarization in East Africa: Causes, Consequences, and Future Forecasts." Binus Business Review 8, no. 1 (May 31, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v8i1.1759.

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The dollarization phenomenon has been widespread among the East African countries for many decades. This trend results in several consequences that might be either beneficial or harmful to these countries and their likes.The objective of this research was to empirically examine the causes, consequences and the future scenarios of dollarization in one of the leading regional countries such as Somalia. The research used a survey of over 100respondents and applied descriptive statistics and t-tests to achieve the above objectives. The findings show that the main causes of Dollarization in Somalia are the implementation of the Hawallah (money transfer) system,the remarkable absence of the central bank and other monitoring financial authorities, the increasing exports and imports of the Somalian economy, the loss of confidence in the local Somalian Shilling, and the relative ease atwhich the Somalian Shilling can be printed and manipulated by selected market players. These causes are found to be mainly triggered by the revenue from exports, the policies and regulations implemented by the Somali government, the Somali Diaspora, and the international aid organizations. This has resulted in the foreign traders buying Somali goods at a relatively lower price and taking advantage of the depreciated Somali Shilling against most international currencies.
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Carnin, Claire. "Verteidigungsrede des Somalischen Piraten – Défense du pirate somalien de Wolfram Lotz." Skenegraphie, no. 6 (November 1, 2019): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/skenegraphie.2994.

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Janzen, Jörg. "L'élevage Pastoral – Une Stratégie de Survie Pour Les Pays du Sahel? L'exemple Somalien." Nomadic Peoples 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 120–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/082279401782310907.

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Ingiriis, Mohamed Haji. "From Pre-Colonial Past to the Post-Colonial Present: The Contemporary Clan-Based Configurations of Statebuilding in Somalia." African Studies Review 61, no. 2 (June 22, 2018): 55–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2017.144.

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Abstract:This article is driven by an empirical paradox over where Somalia came from (pre-colonial clan-states) and where it ended up (return to pre-colonial clano-territorial conflicts). Existing academic studies on contemporary Somalia, which were supposed to provide critical analysis, continue to applaud the creation of clan-states within the failed state of Somalia. Based on a variety of unique primary sources, this article offers a new perspective on the current state formation processes occurring in the purview of the Somali State. Somali clans are determined to come to terms with the state collapse by averting the return to political power of the detested military regime, which was led by one clan-based leadership that tended to terrorize other rival clans and denied any equal power- and resource-sharing framework. Conceptualizing the contemporary Somali state as similar to pre-colonial clan-sultanates, this article argues that contemporary Somalis are reverting to a pre-colonial realm where each clan had its clan sultan seeking for a clan-state of its own right. Where else do clan-states compete against each other in entering into “treaties” with external entities intent on exploiting war-torn Somalia astabula rasa? It is towards the objective of answering this question and of providing a better understanding of the Somali conflict that this article is offered to add a comparative empirical understanding of the different trajectories of state formations in Somalia.
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Le Gouriellec, Sonia. "Sécuritisation et construction d’un complexe de sécurité régional dans la Corne de l’Afrique." Études internationales 49, no. 1 (July 18, 2018): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1050545ar.

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Comment se forment et se cristallisent les complexes de sécurité régionaux (csr) ? En 2003, B. Buzan et O. Waever avaient présenté la Corne de l’Afrique comme un proto-csr(après avoir été un pré-complexe pendant la guerre froide), mais ils n’avaient pas développé les outils analytiques permettant d’expliquer le passage à uncsrà part entière. Nous montrons que l’émergence d’une puissance régionale, l’Éthiopie, joue un rôle essentiel dans la formation d’uncsr. Cette puissance régionale devient un agent performatif des processus de sécuritisation. Cet article a une ambition empirique et théorique. D’une part, nous démontrons comment un double processus de sécuritisation – de la menace terroriste djihadiste dans la Corne entre 1998 et 2005 et de « l’État failli » somalien – a mené à l’intervention éthiopienne en 2006. Nous analysons ensuite l’aboutissement ducsr.
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Herring, Eric. "Decolonising Development : Academics, Practitioners and Collaboration." Journal of Somali Studies 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 65–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2056-5682/2020/7n2a4.

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This article explores how academics and practitioners can collaborate to decolonise development in relation to Somalia/Somaliland. It does so through theoretical synthesis followed by an inductive thematic empirical analysis and collaborative autoethnography of the Somali First initiative to promote Somaliled development. The initiative has been run by Somali social enterprise Transparency Solutions and the University of Bristol since 2014. The article argues that underpinning the initiative with commitments to sustainable development as a global issue and to locally led, simple, complicated and complex change has been vital to ensuring that it contributes to decolonising development in Somalia/Somaliland. It argues further that the decolonisation of development in this case has been advanced through long term partnership grounded in a shared purpose and complementary capacities; maximisation of funding for and control of funding by Somali entities; decentring English and centring Somali linguistic diversity; promoting a locally led approach; and employing co-production. It concludes that scaling up or transfer of the approach set out in the article would involve reinterpretation by local actors to suit the context to be an effective contribution to decolonising development.
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Gele, Abdi A., Bente P. Bø, and Johanne Sundby. "Attitudes toward Female Circumcision among Men and Women in Two Districts in Somalia: Is It Time to Rethink Our Eradication Strategy in Somalia?" Obstetrics and Gynecology International 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/312734.

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Somalia has the highest global prevalence (98%) of female circumcision (FC), and, despite a long history of abandonment efforts, it is not clear as to whether or not these programmes have changed people’s positive attitudes toward the practice. Against this background, this paper explores the attitudes of Somalis living in Hargeisa and Galkayo districts to the practice of FC.Methods. A purposive sampling of 24 Somalis, including activists and practitioners, men and women, was conducted in Somalia. Unstructured interviews were employed to explore the participants' knowledge of FC, their attitudes toward the continuation/discontinuation of the practice, and the type they want to continue or not to continue.Result. The findings of this qualitative study indicate that there is a strong resistance towards the abandonment of the practice in Somalia. The support for the continuation of Sunna circumcision is widespread, while there is a quite large rejection of Pharaonic circumcision.Conclusion. Therefore, since the “zero tolerance policy” has failed to change people’s support for the continuation of the practice in Somalia, programmes that promote the pinch of the clitoral skin and verbal alteration of status, with the goal of leading to total abandonment of FC, should be considered for the Somali context.
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Griffiths, Paul, Michael Gossop, Simon Wickenden, John Dunworth, Ken Harris, and Charles Lloyd. "A transcultural pattern of drug use: Qat (khat) in the UK." British Journal of Psychiatry 170, no. 3 (March 1997): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.170.3.281.

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BackgroundThis study investigates patterns of qat use among 207 Somalis living in London.MethodSubjects were recruited using privileged access interviewing. Somalian interviewers were recruited who shared the same culture as the subjects. Data were collected by means of a structured interview.ResultsOne hundred and sixty-two subjects (78%) had used qat. The majority (76%) used more qat than in Somalia. Some users reported moderate dependence; a minority reported severe problems. Adverse psychological effects included sleep problems, anxiety and depression. Medical problems associated with qat use were rare.ConclusionsQat users who continue to use this drug when it is transplanted from a traditional context may experience difficulties. Qat use can also be seen as playing a positive role in supporting the cultural identity of the Somalian community. Severe problems were rarely reported. Qat consumption should be considered when addressing health-related topics with patients from those communities in which qat use is common.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Somalien"

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Frumence, Pascal Mouna. "Le conflit somalien et les Nations Unies." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAD006/document.

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Le conflit somalien est probablement le seul conflit d’ordre interne qui a mis à rude épreuve le système de sécurité collective de la Charte des Nations Unies. Celui-ci éclate en 1991 à un moment clé de l’histoire politique des relations internationales. C’est la fin de la Guerre froide et pour l’Organisation universelle de l’ONU, longtemps paralysée par les vetos de deux Grands, c’est l’avènement d’une nouvelle ère pour la mise en oeuvre des principes énoncés dans la Charte des Nations Unies. Occupant le long de la façade maritime de la Corne d’Afrique, la Somalie de Siad Barré alignée sur l’idéologie soviétique ne survit pas à l’émiettement de ce bloc. S’ensuit un conflit civil, sanglant et fratricide presqu’à huit clos. Confrontée à la complexité du conflit somalien et à l’échec des premières tentatives de règlement pacifique, l’Organisation mondiale dégaine sa doctrine de maintien de la paix. Ainsi en l’espace de trois ans (1992-1995), le Conseil de sécurité autorise le déploiement de trois missions de l’ONU en Somalie : une opération classique de maintien de la paix (ONUSOM), une opération de maintien de la paix robuste (UNITAF) et une opération d’imposition de la paix (ONUSOM II). Toutes se soldent par un échec sans appel, obligeant les Casques bleus de l’ONU à opérer un repli sous protection armée alors que le conflit n’a toujours pas trouvé une quelconque issue. L’intérêt de cette étude est de mettre en lumière le paradigme de l’intervention des Nations Unies. Comment un simple conflit interétatique a-t-il pu mettre en échec les principes du droit international de la Charte des Nations Unies ? D’autant plus que les solutions proposées ont fait l’objet d’un traitement consensuel de la part de tous les membres du Conseil de sécurité qui ont entériné à l’unanimité les résolutions adoptées ? Il convient également de mettre l’accent sur l’engagement en dents de scie de l’Organisation des Nations Unies à compter de 1995. Un désengagement qui laisse le champ libre aux organismes régionaux de l’UA et de l’IGAD d’entreprendre des nouvelles tentatives de réconciliation nationale. L’explosion des actes de piraterie le long des côtes somaliennes donne l’occasion à l’ONU d’opérer un retour sur ce conflit aux relents lointains. Mais il s’agit d’un retour mesuré qui exclut derechef l’emploi de la coercition militaire. S’engageant désormais dans diverses activités de consolidation de la paix, l’ONU abandonne le terrain dangereux du maintien de la paix malgré le fait que le conflit somalien constitue toujours une menace pour la paix et la sécurité internationales. En vertu du principe de subsidiarité, l’AMISOM, l’opération de maintien de la paix de l’UA en Somalie présente depuis 2007 est la seule force habilitée à recourir à la force armée. Entre espoir et désillusions, la force de paix africaine, bien que sous-dimensionnée doit accomplir des missions de plus en plus élargies pour restaurer la paix et la sécurité dans le pays
The Somali conflict is probably the only internal conflict that has subjected to a tremendous ordeal the collective security system of the United Nations Charter. It breaks out in 1991 at a key moment in the history of the international relations policy. However with the end of the Cold War, it is the beginning of a new era for the UN Universal Organization, long paralyzed by the vetoes of two Great for the effective purpose of the principles set out in the Charter of the United Nations. Occupying along the coastline of the Horn of Africa, Siad Barre's Somalia aligned with Soviet ideology does not survive the dissolution of this block. The result is the beginning of a civil, bloody and fratricidal conflict almost without any outside interference. Facing the complexity of Somalia conflict and the failure of the first attempts at a peaceful resolution, the World Organization engages its peacekeeping doctrine. Thus in the space of three years (1992-1995), the Security Council authorizes the deployment of three UN missions in Somalia: a classic peacekeeping operation (UNOSOM), a sturdy peacekeeping operation (UNITAF) and a peace enforcement operation (UNOSOM II). All of them result in an ineffective failure, forcing the UN peacekeepers to fall back under armed protection while the conflict has still not found a way out. The interest of this study is to highlight the paradigm of the intervention of the United Nations. How could a simple interstate conflict defeat the principles of international law of the United Nations Charter? Especially since the proposed solutions were the subject of consensual treatment by all the members of the Security Council who unanimously approved the resolutions adopted. There is also a need to focus on the United Nations' jagged commitment from 1995 onwards. A disengagement that give a free rein to the AU and IGAD regional organization to undertake new attempts at national reconciliation. The sudden increase of piracy along the Somali coast provides an opportunity for the United Nations to return to this distant conflict. But this is a measured return that once again excludes the use of military coercion. Now engaging in various peace building activities, the United Nations is abandoning the dangerous environment of peacekeeping despite the fact that the Somali conflict continues to pose a threat to international peace and security. In virtue of the principle of subsidiarity, AMISOM, the AU peacekeeping operation in Somalia since 2007 is the only force authorized to use armed force. Between hope and disillusionment, the African peacekeeping force, though undersized, must carry out more and more missions to restore peace and security in the country
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Holmefur, Hanna-Maria. "Med sikte mot idrott för alla : Integrationsprojekt med kvinnor av annan etnisk bakgrund." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150854.

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This qualitative study has been conducted by request of Västerbottensidrottsförbund. The aim of the study has been to create knowledge about how the sports movement can work toward their goal of a lifelong sport engagement for all. Specifically, for women with another ethnic background than the Swedish one. During a period of ten weeks four different sport associations who had been granted funds by Västerbottensidrottsförbund were interviewed concerning their projects towards increasing the involvement in sport amongst this group of women of age 15 or older. Four participants in these projects were also interviewed to give light to their experience of the sport activity. The results were consistent with previous studies showing that it is important to adapt to the cultural and religious aspects in order to reach them. It also showed that the most challenging parts concerned getting participants and creating a continuous involvement together with the communication of information. All four associations had found ways to deal with this and had innovative ideas on how to better motivate the target group to participate in their sport activities. They did this by creating sport activities for mothers and daughters to do together as well as creating a place to talk and work on their confidence. However difficult it might have been to get them there the results showed that there was a hunger amongst this group for physical activities and all four associations have continued with their projects by request of the participants and some participants had even started in other sport activities as well.
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Le, goff Roland. "La protection des navires soumis au risque de piraterie : enseignements tirés de l’épisode de piraterie somalien (2006 à 2013)." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT3012/document.

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Alors que le nombre d’attaques des pirates somaliens semble se stabiliser à un niveau bas en océan Indien depuis l’année 2012, il est désormais possible d’étudier l’efficacité des réponses apportées à cette résurgence ponctuelle de la piraterie. Il s’agit dans un premier temps d’examiner l’évolution historique de la piraterie et la réponse juridique opposée à cette évolution. Puis l’étude se concentre sur les failles du droit qui ont laissé émerger la piraterie somalienne en océan indien. Elle traite des possibilités ouvertes par le droit pour permettre aux Etats et aux organisations internationales de lutter contre la piraterie. Elle traite également du cadre légal de la protection des navires, y compris par l’embarquement de gardes privés qui peuvent être amenés à employer la force. En haute mer, cette possibilité dépend essentiellement du droit de l’Etat du pavillon et l’étude se focalise sur le droit français sans pour autant s’interdire d’introduire des éléments de comparaison avec le droit interne d’autres États. Enfin, après avoir étudié la protection des navires contre les pirates, l’étude traite de la sécurisation des espaces maritimes contre les risques de piraterie. Dans cette perspective, elle examine les conséquences de la piraterie sur le droit interne des États mais aussi, le cas échéant, sur le droit international. En résumé, cette étude dresse un panorama des forces et faiblesse du droit dans la lutte contre la forme de piraterie qui a émergé au large des côtes somaliennes avant de toucher l’ensemble de l’océan indien et examine son impact à court et à plus long terme sur la liberté de navigation
While the number of attacks by Somali pirates appears to be stabilizing at a low level in the Indian Ocean since 2012, it is now possible to identify the effects that had the answers given to this resurgence of piracy, in order to study their effectiveness. The study examines the historical evolution of piracy and legal responses opposed to it. Then it focuses on the particularities of the law that allowed the emergence of Somali piracy in the Indian Ocean. It deals with the peculiarities afforded by the law to allow states and international organizations to fight against piracy in the various maritime areas. It also addresses the legal framework for the protection of vessels, including the employment of private guards that could use force. On the high seas, this possibility depends essentially on the law of the flag state, and the study focuses on French law without refrain from introducing elements of comparison with the national law of other states, when they provide interesting solutions. Finally, after studying ways to protect ships against pirates, the study explores ways to sustainably secure maritime areas against the threat of piracy. In this perspective, it examines the impact of piracy on the domestic law of states but also on international law. In summary, this study provides an as comprehensive as possible overview of the strengths and weaknesses of law in the fight against the form of piracy that emerged off the coast of Somalia before spreading into the whole of the Indian Ocean and examines its impact, short and long term, on the freedom of navigation
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Charmarkeh, Houssein. "Pratiques médiatiques, usages des médias sociaux et trajectoires migratoires des Somaliens en France et au Canada." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030099.

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Les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) sont omniprésentes et les médias sociaux, la télévision par satellite et internet façonnent notre façon de vivre, de travailler et d’interagir. Elles ont aussi transformé la migration internationale, rendant possible pour les migrants le maintien des liens forts entre la société d’accueil et le pays d’origine. De nombreux travaux ont été menés dans ce cadre sur les usages des TIC par les migrants dans les pays d’accueil. Toutefois, les travaux relatifs aux usages des TIC par les réfugiés durant leurs trajectoires migratoires sont embryonnaires. Cette étude porte sur l’analyse des pratiques médiatiques et des usages des médias sociaux par les refugiés Somaliens depuis la Somalie jusqu’en France (Rennes, Angers et Paris). En outre, la présente enquête de terrain est multi-sites et s’est s’intéressée à comprendre les liens entre reconstruction identitaire et pratiques médiatiques des Somaliens dans deux villes canadiennes, Ottawa et Toronto. Malgré l’émergence des études sur la communauté somalienne du Canada, très peu de recherches existent sur l’analyse des pratiques médiatiques des Somaliens, surtout dans le contexte domestique. La démarche méthodologique adoptée s’articule dans une posture épistémologique empruntant les outils de l’ethnographie critique et multi-sites. L’ethnographie critique vise à dénoncer les inégalités sociales et économiques dans lesquelles vivent les Somaliens en France et au Canada. Les résultats de cette recherche dévoilent que les réfugiés, loin des clichés largement répandus les désignant souvent sous-équipés et maîtrisant peu l’informatique, savent manier les médias sociaux (Facebook, Youtube) et les moyens de communication instantanée (Skype, MSN Messenger, VoIP). Nous verrons aussi comment l’utilisation collective des vidéos sur Youtube, de la télévision et la radio dans la salle de séjour par les Somaliens au Canada occupe un rôle complémentaire par rapport à celui des institutions chargées de la sauvegarde de la mémoire et de la transmission de l’identité culturelle. La production et la réception de vidéos et des émissions radiophoniques et télévisuelles de la communauté somalienne correspondent à autant de « traces » pour reconstruire de façon symbolique la Somalie. En donnant une attention particulière aux pratiques médiatiques dans le contexte migratoire, cette présente recherche tente de contribuer à l’avancement du savoir sur les usages des TIC par les réfugiés Somaliens
Technologies are omnipresent in our society, from social media, to satellite television and Internet broadcasting and shape the way we live, work, and interact. It has also transformed the international migration, making it possible for migrants to maintain strong ties between their host society and country of origin. Many studies have been conducted on the usage of ICT by migrants in the host country; however, there is limited research on the use of ICT by refugees during their migratory paths. This study focuses on the analysis of media practices and uses of social media by Somali refugees from Somalia to France (Rennes, Angers and Paris). In addition, this field survey is multi-sited and covers the relationship between the media practices and identity reconstruction of Somalis in two Canadian cities, Ottawa and Toronto. Despite the emergence of studies on the Canadian Somali community, very little research exists on the analysis of media practices Somalis, particularly in the domestic context. The methodological approach used in this study is based on an epistemological posture via the tools of critical ethnography and multi-sited. Critical ethnography aims to address the social and economic inequalities in which Somalis live in France and Canada. The results of this research show that the refugees, who are often labelled as being under-equipped with limited knowledge of computers, know how to use social media (Facebook, Youtube) and instant communication tools (Skype, MSN Messenger,VoIP) and information technologies and communication. We will also see how the collective use of YouTube videos, television and radio by Somalis in Canada and France has a complementary role to that of the institutions responsible for safeguarding the memory and transmission of cultural identity. The production and reception of video, radio and television broadcasts of the Somali community symbolize "traces" or efforts to rebuild Somalia. Through detailed analysis of media practices in the context of migration, this study seeks to contribute to the advancement of knowledge on the use of ICT by Somali refugees
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Bair, Robert S. "Disrupting Somali piracy via trust and influence operations." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Jun/09Jun%5FBair.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Information Systems and Operations)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2009.
Thesis Advisor(s): Denning, Dorothy. "June 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 13, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Trust, influence, influence operations, piracy, Somalia, Somali Piracy, disruption, deception. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-61). Also available in print.
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Jean, Jacques Daniel A. "Somali piracy and the introduction of Somalia to the western world." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4941.

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This thesis investigates the origins of the modern phenomenon of Somali piracy within a deeper historical context. More specifically, this analysis concentrates on the development of piracy in the north of the country. It is here contended that Somali piracy is, in fact, the product of the confluence of three historical currents. The first of these currents is the progressive degeneration of traditional Somali institutions due to exposure to the colonial and global markets. The second is the increasing reliance of northern Somalis on maritime resources due to over exploitation of the land and the fishing initiatives of the Barre regime. The final current is the intrusion of foreign fishing vessels into Somali territorial waters, beginning in the early 1990s, for the purposes of illegal fishing and the dumping of toxic waste.
ID: 029809992; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-109).
M.A.
Masters
History
Arts and Humanities
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Gelle, A. (Abdisatar). "Unlocking Somali potentials trough education: bridging Somalis for sustainable integration in Finland." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2015. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201505071456.

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The purpose of this thesis is to explore the integration process of Somalis in Finland and the challenges and opportunities that they face in their daily lives. Another objective of this study was to find out about the role of educated and integrated Somalis concerning sustainable integration in Finland. The thesis also discusses the theories of migration, integration and social capital in relation with the migration and settlement of Somalis in Finland. The empirical data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews. The target group was seven educated and integrated Somalis that are living in Helsinki and its surrounding areas. They were asked two main research questions: What are the perceptions of educated and integrated Somalis concerning sustainable integration in Finland? And what could be their role in the integration process? The chosen analysis method was qualitative content analysis. The research findings revealed that the integration of Somalis in Finland started with hardship and difficulty; and up to this day there have been major obstacles that are preventing the community to integrate. Also the study revealed that there are many issues that might help the community to integrate in Finland, such as Finnish language and educational skills, open debate and reconciliation between the community and native Finns, collective effort from the community for integration and cooperation between Finnish authorities and Somalis in Finland. Furthermore, it was concluded that the role of educated and integrated Somalis is to reform, teach, lead and be role models for their community towards sustainable integration in Finland. Finally, the thesis highlighted the alarming situation of Somali community in Finland and pointed out how the community desperately needs urgent solutions from educated and integrated Somalis and authorities in Finland.
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Düstersiek, Milena. "Somalia the Orient? : A Discourse Analysis of European Construction of Somali Identity." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-18516.

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This thesis focus on European construction of Somali identity. Using a discourse analysis in combination with Edward Said’s concept of Orientalism, this study examines the three main European Council Documents that set the foundation for the EU’s military and political intervention in the Horn of Africa in general, and Somalia specifically. The analysis investigates how Somalia is being imagined within these documents and how this European identity construction can be understood as an Orientalist discourse. The outcome of the analysis show that the construction of Somalia within this limited scope, the European discourse can indeed be read as an Orientalist discourse. In the analyzed documents Somalia is generally constructed as a dangerous, possibly threatening physical entity, which is juxtaposed to the EU which is identified as a realm of peace and compliance to universal norms and values. Hence, this discourse is implying a certain hierarchy in which Europe has a more privileged position than Somalia. Furthermore, the analysis concludes that the European response can be also read as based on a liberal peace discourse which carries the risk to perpetuate Orientalist stereotyping and the construction of Orientalist identities.
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Obsiye, Ibrahim. "”Jag vill leva och jag vill dö i norden och somali svensk är vad jag är” : En kvalitativ studie om identitetsskapande och integration hos somalier födda i Somalia och bosatta i Sverige." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-403041.

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Att fly från sin trygghet och sitt hemland till ett främmande land är något som påverkar individen mycket och är en stor påfrestning och förändring i livet. Att flytta och bosätta sig till ett nytt land påverkar identiteten och integrationen i det nya landet. Att vara invandrare eller att ha en annan etnisk bakgrund än svensk i dagens Sverige är något som kan försvåra identitetsskapandet och integrationen. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka upplevelsen av identitetsskapande och integration hos människor födda i Somalia och bosatta i Sverige. I denna studie har en kvalitativ metod använts med en fenomenologisk ansats. Avgränsning för studien har varit män och kvinnor, födda i Somalia men bosatta i Sverige som talar svenska eller somaliska. För att erhålla intervjupersoner har snöbollseffekten använts som urval. Datainsamling har skett genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuerna har spelats in genom audioinspelning på mobiltelefonen. Respektive intervju har tagit ca 40-45 min. Intervjuerna har transkriberats och analyserats enligt fenomenologisk analystekniken IPA - Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, J.A. et al., 1999). Analyserad data har sedan kodats enligt David & Suttons (2016) induktiva kodningsprocess. Sammanfattningsvis visar resultatet att intervjupersonerna skapar sin identitet genom andra människor i deras omgivning. Att vara svensk somalier innebär att de identifierar sig själva genom andra svensk somalier i samhället. Slutsatsen för studien är att identitetsskapande är individuell och beroende på omgivning och vart individen befinner sig i livet. För identiteten utvecklas och formas genom olika stadier individen går igenom.
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Farah, Mohamed I. "From ethnic response to clan identity : a study of state penetration among the Somali nomadic pastoral society of Northeastern Kenya /." Stockholm : Almqvist och Wiksell, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35577873g.

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Books on the topic "Somalien"

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Torrenzano, Antonio. L' imbroglio somalien: Historique d'une crise de succession. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1995.

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Aden, Abdurrahman H. H. Murtidu waa hodantinnimo--: Maahmaahyada iyo oraahda soomaaliyeed. Cologne, F.R. Germany: Omimee, 1995.

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Rebuilding Somalia: Issues and possibilities for Puntland : WSP Somali Programme. London: HAAN, 2001.

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Khalif, ed. The effect of foreign intervention on Somali conflict in Mogadishu, Somalia: Foreign intervention on Somali conflict. Mogadishu, Somalia: University of Somalia, 2014.

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Dardel, Philippe. Somalie 1983. Paris: Editions du Panthéon, 1994.

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Hal ka haleel: Sooyaalka hadraawi iyo suugaantiisa. London: Bashe Publications, 2004.

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Gouled, Abdi Miganeh, ed. War la helaa talo la helaa: Dhegabadane. Palais du peuple, Djibouti: Centre national pour la promotion culturelle et artististique [i.e. artistique], 1991.

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Campagne, Jean-Pierre. Dépêches de Somalie. Paris: Seuil, 1993.

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The Prophet's camel bell: A memoir of Somaliland. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2011.

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Don, McMahan, ed. Accommodating and educating Somali students in Minnesota schools: A handbook for teachers and administrators. Saint Paul, Minn: Hamline University Press, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Somalien"

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Holzer, Georg-Sebastian. "Anleitung zum Scheitern: Die Rolle externer Akteure in Somalia." In Somalia, 101–20. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205791652.101.

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Hainzl, Gerald, and Walter Feichtinger. "Somalia – Zusammenfassende Betrachtungen." In Somalia, 11–20. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205791652.11.

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Hoehne, Markus Virgil. "Al Shabaab in Somalia: Von einer Terrorzelle zu einem regierungsähnlichen Akteur." In Somalia, 121–58. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205791652.121.

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Pabst, Martin. "Internationales Krisenmanagement in Somalia." In Somalia, 161–80. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205791652.161.

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Peyker, Thomas. "Kurswechsel in Somalia?" In Somalia, 181–204. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205791652.181.

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Reininghaus, Frank. "Operation Atalanta am Horn von Afrika Die erste maritime Operation der Europäischen Union." In Somalia, 205–24. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205791652.205.

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Matthies, Volker. "Konfliktdynamik und externe Akteure in Somalia." In Somalia, 21–28. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205791652.21.

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Hofbauer, Bruno Günter. "Herausforderungen der militärischen Operationsführung in Somalia." In Somalia, 225–36. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205791652.225.

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Lampl, Stefan. "Afrika – eine logistische Herausforderung Logistische Planungsfaktoren für militärische Einsätze am Kontinent Afrika." In Somalia, 237–54. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205791652.237.

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Weber, Annette. "Somalia – mächtige Probleme, halbgare Lösungen." In Somalia, 255–72. Wien: Böhlau Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/boehlau.9783205791652.255.

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Conference papers on the topic "Somalien"

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Trümpy, Daniel, Jan Witte, Immanuel Weber, and João P. Da Ponte Souza. "Source Rocks of Somalia – A Regional Assessment." In SPE/AAPG Africa Energy and Technology Conference. SPE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/afrc-2582343-ms.

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ABSTRACT In total, some 60 wells have been drilled onshore and less than 10 offshore Somalia*, none of which in deep water. Several prospective basins remain undrilled, such as the offshore Jubba and Mid Somali High basins and the onshore Odewayne basin. In view of the gas discoveries offshore Mozambique and Tanzania, and also of encouraging results offshore Kenya (sub-commercial oil discovery Sunbird-1) and in Madagascar, the Somalian offshore and onshore basins were re-evaluated. As to the Somali onshore basins, the extension of the Yemeni Jurassic and Cretaceous rifts into Somalia highlights their prospectivity. Seeps abound (Odewayne and Nogal basins) and some wells encountered good shows. Late Jurassic and Upper Cretaceous marine shales are source rock candidates. Gas in the area of Mogadishu may be associated with the Early Triassic Bokh Fm. source rock. Seeps in western Somalia are rare, and may result either from long-distance migration out of the Calub Graben or from locally mature Lower Cretaceous or Upper Jurassic. We establish an inventory of proven and possible source rock occurences in Somalia by integrating publicly available data on slicks and seeps, geological and gravity maps, literature data, well data and geological information from adjoining basins. Our data indicate that in the Somali part of the Gulf of Aden, high heat-flow may critically affect the Late Jurassic source rock. However, Late Cretaceous or even Eocene sources may be locally oil-mature. The presence of source rocks on the Somali Indian Ocean margin remains presently speculative. Abundance of slicks in the area south of Mogadishu may not relate to hydrocarbons. Of more interest are reported isolated slicks further to the north, in deeper waters of the Mogadishu and Mid-Somalia High Basins. These slicks may be related to Lower/Mid-Jurassic, Late Jurassic, Late Cretaceous or Eocene sources. Analysis of onshore seeps in northern Somalia (Nogal, Daroor, Odewayne basins), integrated with seismic data, will allow to determine the origin of these oils and an assessment of the size of prospective kitchen areas. In the offshore, 3D-Basin-modelling will be required to determine which areas are prospective for gas or, especially, for oil.
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Gac, David Le, and Sabrina Bendjaballah. "Preboundary lengthening in Somali." In 10th International Conference on Speech Prosody 2020. ISCA: ISCA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2020-32.

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Le Gac, David. "Somali as a tone language." In Speech Prosody 2016. ISCA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2016-60.

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Nimaan, Abdillahi. "Building and Evaluating Somali Language Corpora." In Proceedings of the 2014 Workshop on the Use of Computational Methods in the Study of Endangered Languages. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-2210.

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Hayden, Nancy K. "Engineering Peace and Security Interventions: Dynamics in Somalia." In 2018 World Engineering Education Forum - Global Engineering Deans Council (WEEF-GEDC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/weef-gedc.2018.8629742.

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Gac, David Le. "Two patterns of tone lowering in Somali." In 9th International Conference on Speech Prosody 2018. ISCA: ISCA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2018-20.

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Malim, Mohamed. "SILENT CRY OF SOMALI CUSTOMARY LAW ‘XEER’." In International Conference on Social science, Humanities and Education. Acavent, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/icshe.2018.12.78.

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Dolara, A., E. Donadoni, S. Leva, G. Magistrati, and G. Marchegiani. "Performance analysis of a hybrid micro-grid in Somalia." In 2017 IEEE Manchester PowerTech. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ptc.2017.7980867.

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Hassan, Mohamud, and Husein Abdullahi. "Academic Scholars Perception of Online Education Initiatives in Somalia." In 13th International Conference on Computer Supported Education. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010366401430147.

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Menon, Raghav, Astik Biswas, Armin Saeb, John Quinn, and Thomas Niesler. "Automatic Speech Recognition for Humanitarian Applications in Somali." In The 6th Intl. Workshop on Spoken Language Technologies for Under-Resourced Languages. ISCA: ISCA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/sltu.2018-5.

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Reports on the topic "Somalien"

1

Dowd, Caitriona, and Clionadh Raleigh. Somalia. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613094.

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Ohls, Gary J. Somalia ... From the Sea. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada522553.

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Glaser, Sarah, Paige Roberts, Robert Mazurek, Kaija Hurlburt, and Liza Kane-Hartnet. Securing Somali Fisheries. One Earth Future Foundation, September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18289/oef.2015.001.

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Williams, Robin L. Somalia Piracy: Challenges and Solutions. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada593507.

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Cuevas, Eloy E. SOMALIA: Is it Safer Now? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada559879.

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Bruton, Bronwyn E., and Paul D. Williams. Counterinsurgency in Somalia: Lessons Learned from the African Union Mission in Somalia, 2007-2013. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada616394.

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Moylan, Christopher L. Piracy the Somali Way. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada538916.

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Bell, Curtis, and Lawellin Ben. Stable Seas: Somali Waters. One Earth Future Foundation, May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18289/oef.2017.015.

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Gibson, John G. Theoretical Approaches to Dealing with Somalia. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada566637.

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Roberts, Paige, Ahmed-Yasin Osman Moge, and Kaija Hurlburt. PROJECT BADWEYN: SOMALI COASTAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES. One Earth Future, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18289/oef.2018.032.

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Interest in the Somali fishing sector is growing. Development agencies, donors, and investors see the potential for fisheries in Somali waters to provide income, food security, and stability in coastal communities. But reliable and up-to-date information about the state of Somali fisheries is difficult to find, complicating business decisions. Where should development be focused? What kind of investment will provide the most benefit and long-term return for coastal communities? What fisheries sector opportunities are the most sustainable, and which might be a threat to the health of Somali fisheries? Somali Coastal Development Opportunities answers these questions through targeted and original analysis of fisheries data coupled with information on current development projects throughout the Somali region. This report highlights six coastal fishing villages – Bereda, Hordio, Bander Beyla, Maydh, Hawaay, and Merca – to investigate the development needs and opportunities in each. Opportunities in the fisheries sectors are analyzed in light of sustainability and feasibility to provide recommendations that will guide investment and development in the Somali fisheries sector.
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