Dissertations / Theses: 'Somalien'

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Frumence, Pascal Mouna. "Le conflit somalien et les Nations Unies." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAD006/document.

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Le conflit somalien est probablement le seul conflit d’ordre interne qui a mis à rude épreuve le système de sécurité collective de la Charte des Nations Unies. Celui-ci éclate en 1991 à un moment clé de l’histoire politique des relations internationales. C’est la fin de la Guerre froide et pour l’Organisation universelle de l’ONU, longtemps paralysée par les vetos de deux Grands, c’est l’avènement d’une nouvelle ère pour la mise en oeuvre des principes énoncés dans la Charte des Nations Unies. Occupant le long de la façade maritime de la Corne d’Afrique, la Somalie de Siad Barré alignée sur l’idéologie soviétique ne survit pas à l’émiettement de ce bloc. S’ensuit un conflit civil, sanglant et fratricide presqu’à huit clos. Confrontée à la complexité du conflit somalien et à l’échec des premières tentatives de règlement pacifique, l’Organisation mondiale dégaine sa doctrine de maintien de la paix. Ainsi en l’espace de trois ans (1992-1995), le Conseil de sécurité autorise le déploiement de trois missions de l’ONU en Somalie : une opération classique de maintien de la paix (ONUSOM), une opération de maintien de la paix robuste (UNITAF) et une opération d’imposition de la paix (ONUSOM II). Toutes se soldent par un échec sans appel, obligeant les Casques bleus de l’ONU à opérer un repli sous protection armée alors que le conflit n’a toujours pas trouvé une quelconque issue. L’intérêt de cette étude est de mettre en lumière le paradigme de l’intervention des Nations Unies. Comment un simple conflit interétatique a-t-il pu mettre en échec les principes du droit international de la Charte des Nations Unies ? D’autant plus que les solutions proposées ont fait l’objet d’un traitement consensuel de la part de tous les membres du Conseil de sécurité qui ont entériné à l’unanimité les résolutions adoptées ? Il convient également de mettre l’accent sur l’engagement en dents de scie de l’Organisation des Nations Unies à compter de 1995. Un désengagement qui laisse le champ libre aux organismes régionaux de l’UA et de l’IGAD d’entreprendre des nouvelles tentatives de réconciliation nationale. L’explosion des actes de piraterie le long des côtes somaliennes donne l’occasion à l’ONU d’opérer un retour sur ce conflit aux relents lointains. Mais il s’agit d’un retour mesuré qui exclut derechef l’emploi de la coercition militaire. S’engageant désormais dans diverses activités de consolidation de la paix, l’ONU abandonne le terrain dangereux du maintien de la paix malgré le fait que le conflit somalien constitue toujours une menace pour la paix et la sécurité internationales. En vertu du principe de subsidiarité, l’AMISOM, l’opération de maintien de la paix de l’UA en Somalie présente depuis 2007 est la seule force habilitée à recourir à la force armée. Entre espoir et désillusions, la force de paix africaine, bien que sous-dimensionnée doit accomplir des missions de plus en plus élargies pour restaurer la paix et la sécurité dans le pays
The Somali conflict is probably the only internal conflict that has subjected to a tremendous ordeal the collective security system of the United Nations Charter. It breaks out in 1991 at a key moment in the history of the international relations policy. However with the end of the Cold War, it is the beginning of a new era for the UN Universal Organization, long paralyzed by the vetoes of two Great for the effective purpose of the principles set out in the Charter of the United Nations. Occupying along the coastline of the Horn of Africa, Siad Barre's Somalia aligned with Soviet ideology does not survive the dissolution of this block. The result is the beginning of a civil, bloody and fratricidal conflict almost without any outside interference. Facing the complexity of Somalia conflict and the failure of the first attempts at a peaceful resolution, the World Organization engages its peacekeeping doctrine. Thus in the space of three years (1992-1995), the Security Council authorizes the deployment of three UN missions in Somalia: a classic peacekeeping operation (UNOSOM), a sturdy peacekeeping operation (UNITAF) and a peace enforcement operation (UNOSOM II). All of them result in an ineffective failure, forcing the UN peacekeepers to fall back under armed protection while the conflict has still not found a way out. The interest of this study is to highlight the paradigm of the intervention of the United Nations. How could a simple interstate conflict defeat the principles of international law of the United Nations Charter? Especially since the proposed solutions were the subject of consensual treatment by all the members of the Security Council who unanimously approved the resolutions adopted. There is also a need to focus on the United Nations' jagged commitment from 1995 onwards. A disengagement that give a free rein to the AU and IGAD regional organization to undertake new attempts at national reconciliation. The sudden increase of piracy along the Somali coast provides an opportunity for the United Nations to return to this distant conflict. But this is a measured return that once again excludes the use of military coercion. Now engaging in various peace building activities, the United Nations is abandoning the dangerous environment of peacekeeping despite the fact that the Somali conflict continues to pose a threat to international peace and security. In virtue of the principle of subsidiarity, AMISOM, the AU peacekeeping operation in Somalia since 2007 is the only force authorized to use armed force. Between hope and disillusionment, the African peacekeeping force, though undersized, must carry out more and more missions to restore peace and security in the country

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Holmefur, Hanna-Maria. "Med sikte mot idrott för alla : Integrationsprojekt med kvinnor av annan etnisk bakgrund." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150854.

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This qualitative study has been conducted by request of Västerbottensidrottsförbund. The aim of the study has been to create knowledge about how the sports movement can work toward their goal of a lifelong sport engagement for all. Specifically, for women with another ethnic background than the Swedish one. During a period of ten weeks four different sport associations who had been granted funds by Västerbottensidrottsförbund were interviewed concerning their projects towards increasing the involvement in sport amongst this group of women of age 15 or older. Four participants in these projects were also interviewed to give light to their experience of the sport activity. The results were consistent with previous studies showing that it is important to adapt to the cultural and religious aspects in order to reach them. It also showed that the most challenging parts concerned getting participants and creating a continuous involvement together with the communication of information. All four associations had found ways to deal with this and had innovative ideas on how to better motivate the target group to participate in their sport activities. They did this by creating sport activities for mothers and daughters to do together as well as creating a place to talk and work on their confidence. However difficult it might have been to get them there the results showed that there was a hunger amongst this group for physical activities and all four associations have continued with their projects by request of the participants and some participants had even started in other sport activities as well.

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Le, goff Roland. "La protection des navires soumis au risque de piraterie : enseignements tirés de l’épisode de piraterie somalien (2006 à 2013)." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT3012/document.

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Alors que le nombre d’attaques des pirates somaliens semble se stabiliser à un niveau bas en océan Indien depuis l’année 2012, il est désormais possible d’étudier l’efficacité des réponses apportées à cette résurgence ponctuelle de la piraterie. Il s’agit dans un premier temps d’examiner l’évolution historique de la piraterie et la réponse juridique opposée à cette évolution. Puis l’étude se concentre sur les failles du droit qui ont laissé émerger la piraterie somalienne en océan indien. Elle traite des possibilités ouvertes par le droit pour permettre aux Etats et aux organisations internationales de lutter contre la piraterie. Elle traite également du cadre légal de la protection des navires, y compris par l’embarquement de gardes privés qui peuvent être amenés à employer la force. En haute mer, cette possibilité dépend essentiellement du droit de l’Etat du pavillon et l’étude se focalise sur le droit français sans pour autant s’interdire d’introduire des éléments de comparaison avec le droit interne d’autres États. Enfin, après avoir étudié la protection des navires contre les pirates, l’étude traite de la sécurisation des espaces maritimes contre les risques de piraterie. Dans cette perspective, elle examine les conséquences de la piraterie sur le droit interne des États mais aussi, le cas échéant, sur le droit international. En résumé, cette étude dresse un panorama des forces et faiblesse du droit dans la lutte contre la forme de piraterie qui a émergé au large des côtes somaliennes avant de toucher l’ensemble de l’océan indien et examine son impact à court et à plus long terme sur la liberté de navigation
While the number of attacks by Somali pirates appears to be stabilizing at a low level in the Indian Ocean since 2012, it is now possible to identify the effects that had the answers given to this resurgence of piracy, in order to study their effectiveness. The study examines the historical evolution of piracy and legal responses opposed to it. Then it focuses on the particularities of the law that allowed the emergence of Somali piracy in the Indian Ocean. It deals with the peculiarities afforded by the law to allow states and international organizations to fight against piracy in the various maritime areas. It also addresses the legal framework for the protection of vessels, including the employment of private guards that could use force. On the high seas, this possibility depends essentially on the law of the flag state, and the study focuses on French law without refrain from introducing elements of comparison with the national law of other states, when they provide interesting solutions. Finally, after studying ways to protect ships against pirates, the study explores ways to sustainably secure maritime areas against the threat of piracy. In this perspective, it examines the impact of piracy on the domestic law of states but also on international law. In summary, this study provides an as comprehensive as possible overview of the strengths and weaknesses of law in the fight against the form of piracy that emerged off the coast of Somalia before spreading into the whole of the Indian Ocean and examines its impact, short and long term, on the freedom of navigation

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Charmarkeh, Houssein. "Pratiques médiatiques, usages des médias sociaux et trajectoires migratoires des Somaliens en France et au Canada." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030099.

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Les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) sont omniprésentes et les médias sociaux, la télévision par satellite et internet façonnent notre façon de vivre, de travailler et d’interagir. Elles ont aussi transformé la migration internationale, rendant possible pour les migrants le maintien des liens forts entre la société d’accueil et le pays d’origine. De nombreux travaux ont été menés dans ce cadre sur les usages des TIC par les migrants dans les pays d’accueil. Toutefois, les travaux relatifs aux usages des TIC par les réfugiés durant leurs trajectoires migratoires sont embryonnaires. Cette étude porte sur l’analyse des pratiques médiatiques et des usages des médias sociaux par les refugiés Somaliens depuis la Somalie jusqu’en France (Rennes, Angers et Paris). En outre, la présente enquête de terrain est multi-sites et s’est s’intéressée à comprendre les liens entre reconstruction identitaire et pratiques médiatiques des Somaliens dans deux villes canadiennes, Ottawa et Toronto. Malgré l’émergence des études sur la communauté somalienne du Canada, très peu de recherches existent sur l’analyse des pratiques médiatiques des Somaliens, surtout dans le contexte domestique. La démarche méthodologique adoptée s’articule dans une posture épistémologique empruntant les outils de l’ethnographie critique et multi-sites. L’ethnographie critique vise à dénoncer les inégalités sociales et économiques dans lesquelles vivent les Somaliens en France et au Canada. Les résultats de cette recherche dévoilent que les réfugiés, loin des clichés largement répandus les désignant souvent sous-équipés et maîtrisant peu l’informatique, savent manier les médias sociaux (Facebook, Youtube) et les moyens de communication instantanée (Skype, MSN Messenger, VoIP). Nous verrons aussi comment l’utilisation collective des vidéos sur Youtube, de la télévision et la radio dans la salle de séjour par les Somaliens au Canada occupe un rôle complémentaire par rapport à celui des institutions chargées de la sauvegarde de la mémoire et de la transmission de l’identité culturelle. La production et la réception de vidéos et des émissions radiophoniques et télévisuelles de la communauté somalienne correspondent à autant de « traces » pour reconstruire de façon symbolique la Somalie. En donnant une attention particulière aux pratiques médiatiques dans le contexte migratoire, cette présente recherche tente de contribuer à l’avancement du savoir sur les usages des TIC par les réfugiés Somaliens
Technologies are omnipresent in our society, from social media, to satellite television and Internet broadcasting and shape the way we live, work, and interact. It has also transformed the international migration, making it possible for migrants to maintain strong ties between their host society and country of origin. Many studies have been conducted on the usage of ICT by migrants in the host country; however, there is limited research on the use of ICT by refugees during their migratory paths. This study focuses on the analysis of media practices and uses of social media by Somali refugees from Somalia to France (Rennes, Angers and Paris). In addition, this field survey is multi-sited and covers the relationship between the media practices and identity reconstruction of Somalis in two Canadian cities, Ottawa and Toronto. Despite the emergence of studies on the Canadian Somali community, very little research exists on the analysis of media practices Somalis, particularly in the domestic context. The methodological approach used in this study is based on an epistemological posture via the tools of critical ethnography and multi-sited. Critical ethnography aims to address the social and economic inequalities in which Somalis live in France and Canada. The results of this research show that the refugees, who are often labelled as being under-equipped with limited knowledge of computers, know how to use social media (Facebook, Youtube) and instant communication tools (Skype, MSN Messenger,VoIP) and information technologies and communication. We will also see how the collective use of YouTube videos, television and radio by Somalis in Canada and France has a complementary role to that of the institutions responsible for safeguarding the memory and transmission of cultural identity. The production and reception of video, radio and television broadcasts of the Somali community symbolize "traces" or efforts to rebuild Somalia. Through detailed analysis of media practices in the context of migration, this study seeks to contribute to the advancement of knowledge on the use of ICT by Somali refugees

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Bair, Robert S. "Disrupting Somali piracy via trust and influence operations." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Jun/09Jun%5FBair.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Information Systems and Operations)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2009.
Thesis Advisor(s): Denning, Dorothy. "June 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 13, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Trust, influence, influence operations, piracy, Somalia, Somali Piracy, disruption, deception. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-61). Also available in print.

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Jean, Jacques Daniel A. "Somali piracy and the introduction of Somalia to the western world." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4941.

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This thesis investigates the origins of the modern phenomenon of Somali piracy within a deeper historical context. More specifically, this analysis concentrates on the development of piracy in the north of the country. It is here contended that Somali piracy is, in fact, the product of the confluence of three historical currents. The first of these currents is the progressive degeneration of traditional Somali institutions due to exposure to the colonial and global markets. The second is the increasing reliance of northern Somalis on maritime resources due to over exploitation of the land and the fishing initiatives of the Barre regime. The final current is the intrusion of foreign fishing vessels into Somali territorial waters, beginning in the early 1990s, for the purposes of illegal fishing and the dumping of toxic waste.
ID: 029809992; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 98-109).
M.A.
Masters
History
Arts and Humanities

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Gelle, A. (Abdisatar). "Unlocking Somali potentials trough education: bridging Somalis for sustainable integration in Finland." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2015. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201505071456.

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The purpose of this thesis is to explore the integration process of Somalis in Finland and the challenges and opportunities that they face in their daily lives. Another objective of this study was to find out about the role of educated and integrated Somalis concerning sustainable integration in Finland. The thesis also discusses the theories of migration, integration and social capital in relation with the migration and settlement of Somalis in Finland. The empirical data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews. The target group was seven educated and integrated Somalis that are living in Helsinki and its surrounding areas. They were asked two main research questions: What are the perceptions of educated and integrated Somalis concerning sustainable integration in Finland? And what could be their role in the integration process? The chosen analysis method was qualitative content analysis. The research findings revealed that the integration of Somalis in Finland started with hardship and difficulty; and up to this day there have been major obstacles that are preventing the community to integrate. Also the study revealed that there are many issues that might help the community to integrate in Finland, such as Finnish language and educational skills, open debate and reconciliation between the community and native Finns, collective effort from the community for integration and cooperation between Finnish authorities and Somalis in Finland. Furthermore, it was concluded that the role of educated and integrated Somalis is to reform, teach, lead and be role models for their community towards sustainable integration in Finland. Finally, the thesis highlighted the alarming situation of Somali community in Finland and pointed out how the community desperately needs urgent solutions from educated and integrated Somalis and authorities in Finland.

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Düstersiek, Milena. "Somalia the Orient? : A Discourse Analysis of European Construction of Somali Identity." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-18516.

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This thesis focus on European construction of Somali identity. Using a discourse analysis in combination with Edward Said’s concept of Orientalism, this study examines the three main European Council Documents that set the foundation for the EU’s military and political intervention in the Horn of Africa in general, and Somalia specifically. The analysis investigates how Somalia is being imagined within these documents and how this European identity construction can be understood as an Orientalist discourse. The outcome of the analysis show that the construction of Somalia within this limited scope, the European discourse can indeed be read as an Orientalist discourse. In the analyzed documents Somalia is generally constructed as a dangerous, possibly threatening physical entity, which is juxtaposed to the EU which is identified as a realm of peace and compliance to universal norms and values. Hence, this discourse is implying a certain hierarchy in which Europe has a more privileged position than Somalia. Furthermore, the analysis concludes that the European response can be also read as based on a liberal peace discourse which carries the risk to perpetuate Orientalist stereotyping and the construction of Orientalist identities.

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Obsiye, Ibrahim. "”Jag vill leva och jag vill dö i norden och somali svensk är vad jag är” : En kvalitativ studie om identitetsskapande och integration hos somalier födda i Somalia och bosatta i Sverige." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-403041.

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Att fly från sin trygghet och sitt hemland till ett främmande land är något som påverkar individen mycket och är en stor påfrestning och förändring i livet. Att flytta och bosätta sig till ett nytt land påverkar identiteten och integrationen i det nya landet. Att vara invandrare eller att ha en annan etnisk bakgrund än svensk i dagens Sverige är något som kan försvåra identitetsskapandet och integrationen. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka upplevelsen av identitetsskapande och integration hos människor födda i Somalia och bosatta i Sverige. I denna studie har en kvalitativ metod använts med en fenomenologisk ansats. Avgränsning för studien har varit män och kvinnor, födda i Somalia men bosatta i Sverige som talar svenska eller somaliska. För att erhålla intervjupersoner har snöbollseffekten använts som urval. Datainsamling har skett genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Intervjuerna har spelats in genom audioinspelning på mobiltelefonen. Respektive intervju har tagit ca 40-45 min. Intervjuerna har transkriberats och analyserats enligt fenomenologisk analystekniken IPA - Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, J.A. et al., 1999). Analyserad data har sedan kodats enligt David & Suttons (2016) induktiva kodningsprocess. Sammanfattningsvis visar resultatet att intervjupersonerna skapar sin identitet genom andra människor i deras omgivning. Att vara svensk somalier innebär att de identifierar sig själva genom andra svensk somalier i samhället. Slutsatsen för studien är att identitetsskapande är individuell och beroende på omgivning och vart individen befinner sig i livet. För identiteten utvecklas och formas genom olika stadier individen går igenom.

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Farah, Mohamed I. "From ethnic response to clan identity : a study of state penetration among the Somali nomadic pastoral society of Northeastern Kenya /." Stockholm : Almqvist och Wiksell, 1993. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35577873g.

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Hersi, Mohamed Farah. "The possibilites of international prosecution against the former Somali militry regime for human rights abuses in Somaliland from 1981 - 1991: establishing individual criminal and civil responsibility under international law." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/8055.

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Since the aftermath of the brutal civil war in Somaliland, no one has systematically considered the human rights atrocities committed by one of the most brutal regimes in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, it is the objective of this study, firstly, to throw light on the international rules which govern those crimes committed in Somaliland during the military regime. Secondly, the study will apply those rules to the case of Somaliland, based on the available evidence. Thirdly, the study will establish a case for the international prosecution of those who bear the greatest responsibilities for the human rights atrocities that occurred in Somaliland. Fourthly, this study will investigate which international mechanism provides the best chance of serving as an adequate prosecutorial mechanism. Finally, the study will analyse the role of individual criminal responsibility under international criminal law
Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2008.
A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Prof. Frans Viljoen of the Faculty of Law, University of Pretoria
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/
Centre for Human Rights
LLM

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Abdi, Najma. ""Somalierna fick skulden för sin egen död" : En kvalitativ studie av hur somalier i Järvområdets upplevt medierapporteringen under Coronapandemin." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-437845.

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Helander, Bernhard. "The slaughtered camel coping with fictitious descent among the Hubeer of southern Somalia /." Uppsala, Sweden : University of Uppsala, Dept. of Cultural Anthropology, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37691275x.

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Chonka, Peter James. "Imagining the Somali lands : nationalism in a transnational public sphere, and the political reconfiguration of Somalia." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25914.

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This thesis examines the 'public sphere' of state reconstruction and political conflict across the Somali territories through comparative discursive and contextual analysis of media production and consumption on the ground in Somalia. Using Somali-language media sources - including political cartoons, editorials, radio broadcasts and audio-visual propaganda - the chapters cumulatively present a dual conceptualisation of the public sphere in the Somali context. Here, local media production centred in individual capitals of various political projects (The Somali Federal Government, Somaliland and Puntland) coexists and overlaps with a transnational arena of Somali-language broadcasting and debate from various externally-based media producers. These range from the British Broadcasting Corporation‟s Somali Service and popular diaspora-based satellite television stations, to sophisticated 'jihadi' propagandists, or individual geographically-detached cartoonists. Internationalised dynamics of economic and political change across the territories render distinctions between 'diasporic' and 'local' media production analytically unhelpful. At the same, ongoing popular rhetorical contestation over 'foreign' influence ensures an ostensibly paradoxical (and politically salient) discursive resilience of a culturally and religiously-defined 'Somali Ummah' across and beyond political boundaries. Although significant academic attention has been directed towards the role of decentralized 'new' or 'social' media and possibilities for civic agency vis-á-vis coherent, authoritarian state structures, the thesis argues that the Somali case highlights the significance of such public sphere technologies in altering discursive, political and security conditions for state (re)construction in socially fragmented and conflict scarred environments.

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Omar, Mohamed Ali. "Somali Irredentism: An analysis of its causes and its impact on political stability in Somalia from 1960 -1991." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för kultur och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-37786.

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After Berlin Conference in 1884 to 1885, Somalia was partitioned into five parts by Britain, Italy, and French. In 1960 two parts gained independence and formed the Somali Republic, and since then successive Somali governments sought to incorporate the other three parts of Somali territories under Ethiopia, Kenya and French Somaliland known as Djibouti into Greater Somalia.The aim of this study has been to explore and analyze the causes, and the impact of the Somalia’ irredentism on political stability in Somalia. In more specifically, the main objective has been to critically examine how Somali irridentism policy has been pursued, what challenges faced and how it has affected the political stability of the post-colonial Somali state from 1960 to 1990.The analysis presented in this study has shown that the causes of Somali irredentism are combined factors that helped rise Somali irredentism. The analysis has argued that Somalia’s quest for irredentism policy had a huge impact on Somalia’s political stability, including, but not limited to, creating enemies and alienating allies from neighbouring countries to western and eastern blocs, as well as interstate conflict with Ethiopia which ended with Somalia defeat. Finally, Somalia’s defeat, which resulted from irredentism’s venture, caused disunity among the national army, refugee crisis, financial burden and the rise of armed opposition movements that finally ousted the military regime led by Siad Barre. This was followed by state collapse and protracted civil war.

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Shermarke, Marian A. A. "Understanding the Canadian community context of female circumcision." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23981.

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This qualitative research study explores female circumcision within the Canadian community perspective.
Issues examined in the literature review include: the historical background of the practice, its cultural and religious implications, its effects on health, existing social pressures to continue or discontinue the practice and the subjective constructions of majority and minority identities, perspectives and interactions in Canada's multicultural society.
For the purposes of this study majority/minority relations are explored in terms of the interactions between an immigrant community from a FC practicing country and the mainstream community in Canada. The Somali community has been chosen for this case study as the one best known to the author and as one in whose country of origin available statistics indicate a 98% prevalence rate of FC. Canadian mainstream reactions to this practice are analyzed through media reporting and statements from Somalis in Canada describing their interactions with the mainstream community on this issue.
Members of the Somali community in Montreal, Quebec and Ottawa, Ontario were interviewed in order to cover as wide an area as possible, including difference in provinces. The following six themes were chosen after data analysis: the Effects of FC on Health, the Cultural Orientation of FC, Religious Beliefs Regarding FC, Social Pressures, A Sense of Differentness and Efforts to Discourage the Practice of FC. These themes are discussed with special attention being paid to 'differentness' and the mechanisms or coping skills developed to deal with this complex social phenomenon which involves opposing values, beliefs and perceptions.
In its final section, the study examines the social work implications of the findings which address intercultural fears, anxieties and the dynamics of power involved in the way the FC issue has been addressed in Canada.
Practice, program and policy recommendations with regard to discouraging FC practice are made at the end of the thesis.
The study concludes with the observation that the debate around FC in Canada is much wider than the issue itself and that the practice has been sensationalized in a manner which has emphasized perceptions of differentness which exist in our society. No constructive dialogue will be possible around this issue until the issue of differentness is addressed, and mutual fears and anxieties evoked by the perception of differentness are dealt with in a sensitive manner, in both immigrant and mainstream communities.

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Shaffer, Marian. "“This is South Africa, Not Somalia”: Negotiating Gender Relations in Johannesburg’s ‘Little Mogadishu’." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1354700811.

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Gonnelli, Michele [Verfasser], and Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Loenhoff. "Italophone Somali diaspora and social change in Somalia : education, communication, and institutions of social control / Michele Gonnelli ; Betreuer: Jens Loenhoff." Duisburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1204004188/34.

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Bagdadi, Jenny. "Andraspråksinlärning hos somalier : inverkan av utbildningstradition." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12107.

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Compagnon, Daniel. "Ressources politiques, régulation autoritaire et domination personnelle : le régime Siyyad Barre en Somalie (1969-1991)." Pau, 1995. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01264991.

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Partant du constat de l'etonnante survie au pouvoir du regime issu du coup d'etat du 21 octobre 1969 et renverse le 27 janvier 1991, longevite paradoxale au vu de l'echec militaire de la guerre de l'ogaden (1977-78) et de la faillite economique du "socialisme" somalien, ce travail analyse la trajectoire politique de mahamed siyaad barre a l'aide de trois concepts : la domination personnelle, l'entreprise politique et les resources politiques retracer sa carriere avant et surtout bien sur apres la prise de pouvoir, c'est faire l'inventaire des ressources politiques pertinentes que le leader a mobilisees et combinees en fonction des contextes d'interaction successifs. Cette demarche rend compte de la perennite de cette domination et en meme temps de ses variations, distingue les crises dans la regulation - telle de la fin des annees 1970, lorsqu'une combinaison donnee de ressources devient obsolete, et les crises de la regulation, lorsque la reproduction meme du systeme de domination personnelle n'est plus possible, notamment en raison des effets pervers de la manipulation de certaines ressources. Le declin du "systeme siyaad barre" peut etre alors analyse comme le produit de l'epuisement progressif d'une certaine combinaison de ressources et de l'incapacite croissante du leader a operer les restructurations necessaires, d'ou la surexploitation des quelques ressources encore disponibles (la manne financiere exterieure jusqu'en 1989) et la mobilisation exacerbee du clanisme, malgre ses effets contre-productifs de plus en plus patents. La chute du regime n'apparait plus des lors comme un evenement contingent et accidentel, mais comme le necessaire aboutissement du mode de domination personnelle dans sa variante extreme, le "sultanisme"
Witnessing the astonishing political survival of the regime born out of the october 21st, 1969 coup d'etat and toppled on january 27th 1991, a longevity paradoxical in view of the military setback of the ogaden war (1977-78) and the economic failure of somalia "socialism", this work thus analyses the political trajectory of mahamed siyaad barre with the help of three concepts : personnel rule, political entrepreneurship and political resources. To retrace his career before and, above all, after the seizure of power, is to make an inventory of the relevant political resources that the leader mobilized and combined according to the various interaction situations. This approach shows how this rule was perpetuated and at the same time the changes that occurred, distinguishing the crisis within the regulation - like the one at then end of the 1970's - when a given combination of resources become obsolete and the crisis of the regulation, when even the reproduction of the system of personal rule is no longer possible, notably because of the unwanted negative effects of the manipulation of certain resources. The decline of "siyaad barre's system" can therefore be analysed as the product of the progressive exhaustion of a certain combination of resources and of the increasing incapability of the leader to restructure its political capital, hence an over-exploitation of some resources that were still available (the external financial manna until 1989) and the exacerbated mobilization of "clanism", despite the fact that its counter-productive effects

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Haider, Abdullahi. "Géologie de la formation ferrifère précambrienne et du complexe granulitique encaissant de la région de Buur (Sud de la Somalie) : implications sur l'évolution crustale du socle de Buur." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10172.

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On étudie les conditions de métamorphisme dans les formations ferrifères de l'antécambrien de la région de Buur. La migmatisation, le plissement, la déformation sont très semblables à ceux du socle de l'Est du Gondwana. La région considérée ferait la liaison entre la chaine mozambicaine et les régions plus orientales de Madagascar, du Dekkan et de Sri-Lanka

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Osman, Fatumo. "Uppfattningar om att använda kat bland somaliska kvinnor och män boende i Sverige." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-4483.

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Kat är en buske vars blad tuggas och saliven som bildas sväljs, för att uppnå stimulans. Den växer i Yemen, Etiopien och Kenya och smugglas till Sverige från Storbritannien via flyg samt bil. Kat-användandet är utbrett bland somalier i västvärlden och har medfört både hälsomässiga och socioekonomiska konsekvenser. För att förstå hur somalier i Sverige har anpassat sina uppfattningar gällande kat-bruk är syftet i denna uppsats att beskriva varierande uppfattningar om användande av kat hos några somaliska män och kvinnor boende i Sverige. Information samlades och analyserades utifrån en fenomenografisk studie design. Data samlades genom intervjuer.

Resultatet visar att kat-tuggande uppfattas både som en föda och som en drog. Största skälet till att kat brukas uppfattas som att den skapar gemenskap och sysselsättning. Den kat som används i Sverige smugglas vilket uppfattas problematiskt för somalier. Som implikation ska

hälsofrämjande arbete genomföras utifrån det ekologiska perspektivet. Hälsofrämjande aktiviteter ska riktas på både individ- och familjnivå genom att ge information om kat, skapa sysselsättning samt stödja familjen. På samhälls- och organisations/policynivå är det viktigt

att öka samarbetet mellan de somaliska föreningar och myndigheten samt att problemet kring kat sätts på agendan och diskuteras på nationell- och internationellnivå.

Kat is a plant whose leaves are chewed to produce juice and to be swallowed for its stimulating effect. Kat plant grows in Yemen, Ethiopia and Kenya. It is smuggled from Great Britain to Sweden by plane or car. The use of kat is widely spread among Somalis in western countries. This has led to both health and socioeconomic consequences for the users and their families. In order to understand Somalis’ attitudes regarding kat - the aim of this study was to describe variations of perceptions of the use of kat among Somalian men and women living in Sweden. A phenomenographic design was used to collect and analyze data. Data collected through interviews.

The findings show that chewing kat is perceived both as food and as a drug. The biggest reason for chewing kat is to create a feeling of belonging to a social group and to create activity. Kat being chewed in Sweden is smuggled here, which creates problems for Somalis.

As an implication of this study health promotion activities, based on the theory of the ecological system, should focus on individual and family level for example by supporting and giving information to families on the issues of kat. Health promoting activities should also focus on community and organization/policy level to increase the cooperation between the

Somali society and the public authority. Finally, the problem regarding kat should be on the agenda to be discussed both on national and international level.

Har redan gått upp med min uppsats. Vill bara att den blir tillgänglig för de som vill läsa.

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Brons, Maria Helena. "Society, security, sovereignty and the State in Somalia : from statelessness to statelessness? /." Utrecht : International books, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40999062m.

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Yussuf, Muhammed Hassan. "The Role of External Actors in the Somali Conflict: A Post 2000 Study of Kenya and Ethiopia’s Involvement In the Conflict of Somalia." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22568.

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This study aims to critically understand the involvement of external actors, most notably Kenya and Ethiopia in the Somali conflict. It also aims to discuss peace prospect for Somalia in consideration with regional interest. Adopting Mary Kaldor’s “New War” theory that explains the changing context and transnational character of wars in the new era, and Michael E. Brown’s concept of causes and Regional Dimensions of Internal Conflict in combination with applied peace and conflict research method, the study finds that the involvement of neighbouring states, particularly Kenya and Ethiopia, in the Somali conflict is necessitated by the “spill-over” effect of the internal conflict coupled with transnational threats posed to their national security by various local and international actors. Furthermore, the study reveals that Somalia’s conflict hosts a variety of politically, religiously and militarily motivated external actors, who also openly vowed to internationalize their activities. As a result, the connections between local actors in Somalia and terrorist groups operating elsewhere, but cooperating with them, have become a source of continuous instability to Somalia, the eastern African region and beyond. This situation makes an international action imperative as the prospect for peace in Somalia is still in place. Thus, in order to to end wars and create a durable peace in Somalia, this study suggests Michael E. Brown’s ‘co-optation’ and ‘neutralization’ strategies along with an extensive international efforts including humanitarian assistance and local institutions building, which may help to restore peace, rule of law and ensure long term stability in Somalia.

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Guiziou, Francois. "Le monde somali : les apparences du chaos aux périphéries de la mondialisation." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT2006.

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L’effondrement de l’État somalien ne doit pas laisser croire que ce sont la Somalie et plus loin le monde somali qui se sont effondrés. Le monde somali est un modèle permettant de discuter les grands enjeux économiques, sécuritaires et migratoires actuels. Des normes occidentales, qui semblent guider le monde, à la remise en question des analyses de la piraterie somalienne, c’est finalement un monde somali tout à fait intégré aux réseaux commerciaux et à l’archipel urbain qui apparaît. La précision des termes chaos, effondrement et mondialisation amène à réfléchir à la validité des représentations occidentales de la Somalie comme à la mondialisation. Ainsi, à la manière des explorateurs remontant les pistes, c’est un regard sur la Somalie depuis l’extérieur, puis un exemple d’une connexion atypique aux réseaux mondialisés et enfin une remontée depuis le monde somali vers quelques exemples de mondialisation qui sont ici proposés. Un chaos somalien qui bien loin d’être un désordre absolu fait penser au chaos de la mondialisation, ce qui en fait un exemple idéal. Autrement dit, changer de référentiel comme de paradigme est une nécessité pour la compréhension du monde
The collapse of the Somali state should not suggest that Somalia and the Somali world have collapsed too. The latter is a model for discussing current major economic, security and migratory issues. Western standards, that seem to guide the world, to question the analysis of Somali piracy, it is finally a Somali world fully integrated into the commercial networks and the urban archipelago that appears. The precision of the terms chaos, collapse and globalization makes one think about the validity of Western representations of Somalia as of globalization. Thus, in the manner of explorers opening the tracks, it is a look at Somalia from the outside and the sea, then an example of an atypical connection to global networks and finally a recovery from the Somali world to some examples of globalization that are proposed here. Somali chaos, which is far from being an absolute disorder, is reminiscent of the chaos of globalization and a perfect example

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Tyrberg, Andreas. "Kyrka i Jubaland? : EFS missionsfält i Jubaland 1904-1935." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kyrko- och missionsstudier, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-275827.

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Gutierrez, Isaza Sofia. "La criminologie et l'affaire somalienne." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27690.

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La guerre et son étude ont pendant longtemps été un domaine appartenant au champ des sciences politiques, car elle relevait de la sphère inter étatique. Suite aux deux grandes guerres du 20 siècle, le droit et la sociologie s'y sont intéressés et ont d'ailleurs développé des concepts ainsi que des théories afin d'aborder la guerre: que ce soit le droit international et la pénalisation de certains comportements à travers un système de justice international où que ce soit par l'étude des acteurs et des mouvements de la guerre. Or, la criminologie en tant que discipline des sciences sociales spécialisée dans l'étude du crime, la pénologie du crime et les politiques de contrôle de la criminalité ne s'est pas ou très peu aventurée dans l'étude des guerres et plus précisément dans l'étude des crimes de guerre. Cette recherche se veut un exercice pratique de l'application de théories criminologiques à un cas présentant une situation de crime de guerre. Le choix s'est arrêté sur l'affaire somalienne de 1993, une situation délicate bien connue par le public canadien de par sa vaste médiatisation. Pour cette étude, nous cherchions à évaluer et à sonder l'utilité d'une application de théories criminologiques en choisissant comme objet d'étude l'interprétation des membres des propres Forces canadiennes des évènements de l'affaire somalienne les. Compte tenu l'univers technique des militaires, ainsi que la complexité de l'affaire somalienne, cette étude ne cherchera pas à contribuer à l'étude des interprétations sociales des crimes de guerre, mais elle évaluera le processus d'application de deux théories criminologiques à cet objet d'étude. Nos choix méthodologiques ont dans leur ensemble constitué une partie de notre objet de recherche. À travers une méthode qualitative, nous avons recueilli et choisi deux témoignages de militaires de la Commission d'enquête royale et d'un des procès à la cour martiale à travers desquels s'insérait un récit des évènements. L'analyse narrative a été appliquée permettant de déceler des caractéristiques narratives quant au contenu, mais également quant à la fonction du narrateur de ces récits. Bien que l'échantillon choisi est très limité l'analyse du matériel a permit de tirer certaines tendances. L'analyse de la mobilisation des cadres normatifs pour définir le caractère déviant ainsi que celle de la gestion des problèmes sous la perspective de la profession à dans les deux cas permis d'identifier qu'il existe plusieurs interprétations des évènements et ce, malgré la culture sociale militaire et la même formation académique à caractère militaire. D'autre part, ces deux analyses indiquent que la position hiérarchique du militaire devient un facteur important non seulement lorsque vient le moment de définir le crime de guerre, mais également quant à la gestion du problème suite à ces évènements. Ainsi, bien que les militaires partagent des caractéristiques sociales, professionnelles et culturelles communes, ce sera plutôt l'appartenance au groupe militaire et plus encore la position hiérarchique occupée au sein de l'institution qui influencent l'interprétation des militaires par rapport à des situations telles que les crimes de guerre. Au delà de ces résultats, cette étude vise plutôt à contribuer au débat quant à l'absence des études sur les crimes de guerre en criminologie.

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Odenwald, Michael. "The use of the stimulant khat, war-related trauma and psychosis in Somalia how changed use patterns of a traditional drug are related to psychiatric problems in a country in the transition from war to peace /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-opus-23510.

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AHMED, MOHAMED GIAM. "La politique de developpement en somalie, periode 1969-1989." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070123.

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L'objet de notre recherche est de montrer clairement que la somalie possede les elements necessaires a son developpement economique. Dans les generalites nous avons expose les aspects geographiques et un rapide historique du pays. La premiere partie est consacree a l'etude des ressources humaines : bilan demographique, les conditions de la sante publique, la situation de l'emploi, enfin le systeme educatif et les questions relatives a l'alphabetisation aux differents niveaux de l'enseignement. La deuxieme partie presente le sujet central de la recherche intitulee : "developpement socio-economique". Nous avons analyse successivement les plans de developpement dans les periodes 1971-1981, puis le plan quinquennal 1982-1986. A travers ces plans, est presentee la politique economique du gouvernement. La troisieme partie intitulee : "les principaux elements de l'economie" elargit la reflexion sur les differentes composantes de l'economie : l'agriculture, la politique agraire menee par l'etat, l'elevage, la peche, l'industrie
The aim of our thesis is to show clearly that somalia owns the assets that are necessary to its economie growth. In the introduction, we have dealt with a geographic and historical outline of the country. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the study of human resources : demography evaluation, national health conditions, employement situation, education system and questions related to literacy at the different stages of education. The second part, the main chapiter of the thesis is named "socio-economic development". We have successively analysed the development and the plans between 1971 and 1981, and the five year development plan 1982-1986. These plans contain the gouvernment policy in terms of economy. The third part is called : "main components of the somali economy". It widens the debate on the different aspects of the economy : agriculture and government land policy, livestock, fisheries, manufactures and the difficult choices linked with their development. In this thesis, we have drawn up an exhaustive and critical report on the economic and social situation in somalia

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Pelizzari, Elisa. "Possession et thérapie : analyse comparée du culte saar, Somalie." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0074.

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Elabore a partir d'une approche comparee de l'etude du saar somalien, mon travail de these s'est articule autour de deux axes : la reflexion theorique sur la relation "maladie-possession" et la presentation d'un itineraire de recherche particulier, que les evenements politiques les plus recents ont fortement conditionne. La description minutieuse et localisee du saar -dans ses nombreuses versions- a ete ainsi remplacee par une analyse aux contours plus vastes, centree sur les temoignages recueillis depuis l'exil et sur les donnees reperees dans les regions limithrophes (kenya nord-oriental et ethiopie meridionale). Le materiel rassemble de telle maniere m'a permi d'approfondir l'etude de plusieurs rituels de possession appartenant a la famille du saar, pratiques par les populations de langue couchitique (somalie et oromo) et par d'autres groupes habitant les memes zones (jareer, boon et reer-manyo). A mon examen du culte mingis s'est alors jointe l'analyse des rituels boorane (ou sheekh xussen), lumbi, sharax et wadaaddo
This thesis presents some anthropological data concerning a family of spirit possession cults, the saar one (mingis, boorane or sheekh xussen, lumbi, sharax and wadaaddo). These cults are widespread among cushitic-speaking people of somalia, north-eastern kenya and southern ethiopia (somali and oromo) and among the "lowcaste" groups of central somalia (jareer, boon and reer-manyo). The study is centred on the cults origin myths, on the ritual practices and beliefs about spirits (saar or zar), and on possession as an individual experience. In fact, according to local traditions, illnesses and misfortunes are believed to be caused by the saar (or zar). These spirits are appeased ceremonially by specific sacrificial acts. During her inquieres the author has met the leaders who organize the ritual-setting and their patients (still living in their own countries or abroad, in exile)

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L, G., and Souzan Tchaoucheva. "Erfarenheter av mötet med den svenska sjukvården hos personer från Somalia : En kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-637.

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Bakgrund: En av de största och snabbast växande invandrargrupperna i Sverige är den somalis-ka. Vi har sett mönster i forskningen som antyder att det inom sjukvården uppstår transkulturella möten mellan somaliska patienter och vårdgivare som många gånger präglas av missförstånd och negativa vårderfarenheter relaterat till skilda referensramar. Dessa har dock ofta framträtt som bifynd vid studerandet av specifika somaliska patientgrupper i smala sjukvårdskontexter, varför erfarenheterna inte alltid är applicerbara på den genomsnittliga somaliska patienten. Syfte: Att beskriva somaliers erfarenheter av mötet med den svenska sjukvården. Metod: Empirisk studie med deskriptiv kvalitativ design. Semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes med nio personer med somaliskt ursprung. En frågeguide användes under intervjuerna, vilken utformades med beaktande till Leiningers transkulturella omvårdnadsteori. Data analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys med deduktiva och induktiva inslag. Resultat: Utifrån analysen utkristalliserades nio kategorier, vilka beskriver somaliers erfarenheter av mötet med den svenska sjukvården: sjukvård på andra premisser, skilda kulturella referensramar, blandade erfarenheter av kulturellt hänsynstagande, språkets betydelse, informationsbrist, tolkens roll, varierande bemötanden, fördomar och attityder samt personlighet. Slutsats: Studien visar att kommunikationsbrister och skilda kulturella referensramar hos somalier och svensk sjukvårdspersonal är återkommande mönster i vårdmötet. Dessa bidrar till att det uppstår missförstånd och missnöje gentemot svensk sjukvård. Kulturella och språkliga barriärer till trots, kan ojämlikhet minskas och positiva vårderfarenheter skapas om en öppensinnlighet och strävan till förståelse infinner sig hos varje vårdgivare. Leiningers transkulturella omvårdnadsteori kan inspirera sjuksköterskor att utveckla dessa kvaliteter. Klinisk betydelse: Öka medvetenheten för kulturellt betingade synsätt hos somalierna som patientgrupp.
Background: One of the largest and fastest growing immigrant groups in Sweden are the Somalis. Research have shown us patterns that suggests that transcultural encounters occur between Somali patients and health care providers which are often marked by misunderstandings and negative health care experiences related to different frames of reference. These have often emerged as incidental findings when studying specific Somali patient groups in narrow medical contexts. The experiences are therefore not always applicable on the average Somali patient. Aim: To describe Somalis experiences of the encounter with Swedish health care. Method: Empirical study with descriptive qualitative design. Semistructured interviews were held with nine people of Somali origin. An interview guide was used during the interviews, which was designed with regard to Leininger’s transcultural theory. Data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis with deductive and inductive approach. Results: Based on the analysis nine categories emerged, which describes Somalis experiences of encountering the Swedish healthcare: healthcare at other premises, diverse cultural frames of reference, varied experiences of cultural considerations, the importance of language, lack of information, the interpreter's role, varying treatment, prejudices and attitudes and personality. Conclusion: The study shows that shortcomings in communication and diverse cultural frames among Somalis and Swedish caregivers are recurring patterns in the healthcare encounter. These contribute to the creation of misunderstandings and dissatisfaction towards Swedish healthcare. Despite cultural and linguistic barriers, inequality can be reduced and positive care experiences can arise if an openness and ambition for understanding appear in each caregiver. Leininger’s transcultural theory can inspire nurses to develop these qualities. Implications for practice: To increase awareness of culturally related views of the Somalis as a patient group.

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Larsson, Katarina. "Vem bär ansvar för Somalias internflyktingar?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-34772.

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The aim of this thesis is to examine the rights of internally displaced persons as well as finding out whose responsibility it is to maintain these rights. The questions being answered are: what policies, laws and conventions are addressing internally displaced persons in Somalia (mainly from within Somalia, UN and AU)? And; which principal similarities and differences in these documents are to find regarding what type of protection internally displaced persons can get? Whose responsibility is it to intervene if these rights and rules are not maintained? To answer these questions I have used a liberal-universal theoretical framework. The analysis is a describing case study of comparative nature between the Provisional Somalia Constitution, UN Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the Kampala Convention. The result shows that there are many different rights of internally displaced persons in Somalia. Instead the problem seems to be based on the rights not being maintained in combination with the complex question of whose responsibility it is.

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Holzer, Georg-Sebastian. "Somaliland : ein Beispiel für erfolgreiche Staatsbildung in Afrika /." Frankfurt, M. Berlin Bern Bruxelles New York, NY Oxford Wien Lang, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997135077/04.

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Schrock, Richelle D. "Cultural Divides, Cultural Transitions: The Role of Gendered and Racialized Narratives of Alienation in the Lives of Somali Muslim Refugees in Columbus, Ohio." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1211562793.

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35

Besteman, Catherine Lowe. "Land tenure, social power, and the legacy of slavery in southern Somalia." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185505.

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This dissertation reconstructs the settlement of the Middle Jubba Valley of Somalia by ex-slaves, their descendents, and other Somalis from 1850 to the present. It is an historical study of the construction of a social identity of the Jubba Valley agriculturalist population, and of the evolution of land tenure and land use patterns in the mid-valley. In examining the effects on valley farmers of new land tenure laws requiring registration of land, it shows how power dynamics are integral to the working of land tenure systems.

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Locussol-Logan, Chantal. "La problématique de l'identité dans la production littéraire des auteurs somali d'expression française et anglaise." Limoges, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIMOA012.

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La problématique de l'identité est examinée à la lumière d'oeuvres écrites en deux langues différentes - le français et l'anglais - par des auteurs issus d'une même culture, la culture somali. La thèse présentée examine si et comment, les oeuvres de ces différents auteurs dans leurs approches de l'identité et surtout si elles donnent lieu à des écritures fondamentalement différentes. Les textes étudiés sont compris comme des intertextes provenant de deux sources principales, la littérature orale somali et la littérature coloniale, où le lecteur est considéré comme jouant un rôle essentiel dans la formation du texte. L'identité comme notion est abordée à travers trois outils conceptuels : l'altérité, la spatialité et la temporalité. Etant donné que le corpus de référence de la littérature somali est oral, cette thèse examine la signification et l'importance de l'oralité pour mieux comprendre le passage à l'écrit. Les noms des ancêtres et les personnes situées à la périphérie de la société, sont étudiés pour présenter les enjeux de l'identíté somali. En ce qui concerne la littérature coloniale, perspectives françaises et britanniques sont comparées dans le cadre plus général de leur expérience coloniale en Afrique et plus particulièrement de celle en terre somali. Le développement de la thèse est envisagé dans une perspective historique, présentant en premier lieu le regard somali traditionnel, en segond lieu, celui issu des colonisations et en dernier lieu, le regard contemporain dont, la destruction de l'Etat somalien est la dernière étape.

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Bornhäll, Anders, and Hans Westerberg. "Arbetsmarknadssituationen för somalier i Östergötland : En jämförande analys med framgångsexemplet Minnesota." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-18824.

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Med anledning av intensifieringen av de stridigheter som uppstod i Somalia i början av 1990-talet flydde närmare en miljon människor landet och undan krisen. Både i den amerikanska delstaten Minnesota och i Östergötlands län i Sverige har antalet somalier sammantaget ökat. Hur gruppen klarat sig på arbetsmarknaden i respektive region skiljer sig betydligt då andelen arbetande somalier i Minnesota är betydligt högre än i Östergötland. Uppsatsen syftar till att kartlägga arbetsmarknadssituationen för utrikes födda somalier i Östergötland samt att redovisa effekterna av den svenska arbetsmarknadens funktionssätt på den här gruppen genom en jämförelse med hur det förhåller sig i Minnesota.

De båda populationerna i respektive region liknar varandra på många sätt även om de till antalet är betydligt fler i Minnesota. Graden av formell utbildning är generellt sett låg och många somalier är vid ankomsten analfabeter, det har observerats att somalier i Minnesota möjligen har en något högre utbildningsnivå än de i Östergötland vilket kan förklara en del av skillnaden i sysselsättningsgrad. Det är dock troligt att skillnaderna i andelen arbetande till stor del förklaras med arbetsmarknadens funktionssätt i respektive region.

I Minnesota karaktäriseras arbetsmarknaden, jämfört med Östergötland, av högre flexibilitet med låga statliga ersättningar och mindre omfattande anställningsskydd. I Östergötland är arbetsmarknaden stelare och karaktäriseras av högre inträdeströsklar.

Somalier har svårt att ta sig in på arbetsmarknaden i Östergötland och exkluderas i den bemärkelsen att kollektivavtalen inte tillåter låga löner vilket motsätter sig skapandet av arbete för lågproduktiva. Arbetsgivare är osäkra på vad somalier förmår att prestera vilket i kombination med höga friställningskostnaderna gör att risken för att anställa somalier bedöms som stor. I Minnesota föranleder arbetsmarknadens funktionssätt starka ekonomiska drivkrafter och ett större utbud av arbeten lämpade för lågproduktiva vilket troligen förklarar mycket av skillnaden i andelen arbetande mellan regionerna.

Att en stor andel av somalier i Östergötland befinner sig utanför arbetsmarknaden och samhället i stort föranleder troligen en långsammare integration än den dynamiska utvecklingspotential som observerats bland somalier i Minnesota.

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38

Andersson, Julia, and Rebecka From. ""Om jag jobbar jag förstår vem jag är och jag är stark" : En fallstudie om somaliskfödda kvinnors upplevelser av förvärvsarbetets effekter på deras vardagsliv och familjeroller i Sverige." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Globala studier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-36095.

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Den somaliskfödda gruppen beskrivs ofta som den mest svårintegrerade i Sverige med en stor underrepresentation på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. De beskrivs ha traditionella värderingar och könsroller som ofta dikterar arbetsfördelning och funktioner i familjen. Den aktuella studien ämnar undersöka effekten av ett förvärvsarbete för somaliska familjeroller i ett migrationsperspektiv. Genom att jämföra lönearbetande och arbetslösa somaliskfödda kvinnors upplevelser avser studien även belysa förvärvsarbetets betydelse för kvinnans vardagsliv. Uppsatsen bygger på tidigare forskning om de historiska, sociala och transnationella dimensionerna i somaliskt familjeliv och kultur samt teoretiska begrepp såsom rollkonflikt, rollförändring och rollförhandling. En kvalitativ jämförande fallstudie har genomförts, där resultatet baseras på data från semistrukturerade intervjuer. Åtta respondenter deltog i undersökningen, varav fyra var förvärvsarbetande och fyra arbetslösa somaliskfödda kvinnor. Med utgångspunkt från tidigare forskning och samhällsvetenskapens rollteori har resultatet analyserats för att kunna besvara forskningsfrågorna. I resultatet framkommer det att det finns vissa skillnader mellan de båda grupperna. De somaliska familjerna där kvinnorna inte befinner sig i ett förvärvsarbete har en distinkt uppdelning av hushållsarbetet, där kvinnan står för majoriteten av sysslorna. Det är även tydligt att de traditionella somaliska familjerollerna fortfarande vidmakthålls. I de familjer där de somaliskfödda kvinnorna lönearbetar däremot, har de traditionella familjerollerna uppluckrats och lett till en mer jämlik fördelning av hushållsarbetet. Där delar mannen, kvinnan och barnen på ansvaret. Fortsättningsvis framkommer det att de arbetslösa somaliskfödda kvinnorna är mycket angelägna om att ha ett arbete då självständighet från stat och myndigheter är drivkraften. För de lönearbetande kvinnorna framkommer istället ett tydligare fokus på att vara självständig från mannen och kunna bestämma mer i familjeangelägenheter. Resultatet visar även hur samhällets förväntningar på kvinnorna har påverkat deras drivkrafter till att arbeta och sätt att tänka om sin funktion i familjen.
Somali-born immigrants are often described as the most difficult group to integrate into Swedish society with an extensive underrepresentation on the Swedish labour market as well as traditional values and gender roles that often dictate the division of labour and functions in the family. This study aims to examine the effects of a job on Somali family roles from a migration perspective. By comparing wage-earning and unemployed Somali-born women's experiences, the study also aspires to elucidate the importance of a job in their everyday life. The essay is based on previous research on the historical, social and transnational dimensions of Somali family life and culture, as well as theoretical concepts such as role conflict, role change and role negotiation. A qualitative comparative case study has been conducted, based on data from semi-structured interviews. Eight respondents participated in the survey – four employed and four unemployed women born in Somalia. The results were then analyzed in the light of previous research and the theoretical concepts. The result shows that there are some interesting differences between the two groups. The Somali families in which the women are unemployed have a distinct division of the household work, where the woman assumes the majority of the workload. Here it is also clear that traditional Somali family roles are still of importance. However, in the families where the Somali-born women have employment, traditional family roles have changed and led to a more even distribution of household work, where the men, women and children share the responsibility. Furthermore, it appears that the unemployed Somali-born women are very keen to have a job, as independence from the state and government is a main driving force. For the wage-earners on the other hand, there is a clearer focus on being independent from the man and being able to be a decision-maker in family matters. The result also illustrates how society's expectations on women influence their driving forces to work and the way they think about their role in the family.

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Salah, Ebyan. "Khat, a Somali perspective." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36872.pdf.

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40

Salah, Ebyan 1963 Carleton University Dissertation Sociology and Anthropology. "Khat, a Somali perspective." Ottawa.:, 1999.

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41

Mohamed-Abdi, Mohamed. "La Somalie aux hautes périodes : (de l'antiquité à l'avènement de l'islam)." Besançon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BESA1006.

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42

Elmi, Mohamed Abdi. "Post Conflict National reconciliation in Somalia." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-100965.

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ABSTRACT This study sets out the understanding of the type of reconciliation approach used in Somalia, the participating leaders’ understanding, attitudes and actions towards the reconciliation as well as the role of civil society involved in the reconciliation in Somalia. the study used a qualitative abductive desk research methodology. The results based on secondary data drawn from the literature while the analysis has been used on John Paul Lederaches’ reconciliation approaches pyramid. The main findings explain that one level approach of reconciliation has been employed in Somalia, the former leaders' understanding, attitudes and actions have contributed to deepen the conflict, while the current leader's understanding, attitudes and actions seems to help promote national reconciliation in the country and the civil society role has been gradually mounting as the country has been under post conflict peacebuilding. The study identified three main issue are among the determinants of the reconciliation failure in Somalia firstly Somali protracted conflict would not have resisted if for example, the UN and international community had learned from the successful pragmatic reconciliations in the country. Secondly, it was also noted that as long as the supremacy of the clan politics continued, the role of civil society especially women would be compromised. And finally, the risk of reconciliation is greater in the involvement of the unscrupulous leaders.

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43

Pettersson, Therese. "IDA-verksamheten : Har IDA-verksamheten påverkat betygen för elever med somalisk bakgrund?" Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-24587.

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44

Ahmed, Omar Salat. "Settling in? : a case study of Somalian refugees living in Stockholm, Sweden." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3397/.

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This is a Case Study of Somalian refugees living in Stockholm, Sweden. The study is based on interviews conducted with twenty-eight Somalis, ten Swedish officials and a focus group interview involving eight other Somalis. The thesis examines respondents’ views about their experiences and perceptions relating to the ‘integration’ of Somalis into Swedish society. The study explores how Somali refugees in Sweden orientate themselves to the prevailing Swedish system of integration. It also aims to identify some of the key factors that impinge upon their (Somalis) socioeconomic and cultural integration into Swedish society. The study reveals that there are a number of ‘integrative dilemmas’ confronting Somali refugees in Sweden. These include widespread unemployment; ‘unsuitable’ education; residential segregation; and, institutional discrimination – notably, in the labour market and housing sectors. The study links the inability of Somalis to ‘settle in’ within Swedish society to their ‘divergence’ from the prevailing ‘norms’, particularly in relation to ‘culture’ and ‘religion’. These ‘differences’ reflect the intensity that Somalis attach to family bonds, patriarchal gender role/patterns and their adherence to Islam (the religion most Somalis adhere to). Although there have been a number of investigations concerning immigrant integration in Sweden, this is one of the few detailed in-depth qualitative studies on Somali refugees in Sweden. This research concludes with a number of recommendations and suggestions which may assist with the smooth transition of Somalis refugees into Swedish society.

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Tatah, Emmanuel Fai. "Female Circumcision: A Phenomenological Study of Somalian Immigrant to the United States." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2461.

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Female circumcision (FC) is the partial or total removal of the female genitalia for nonmedical reasons. This study was designed to examine the lived experiences of Somali women who underwent FC before coming to the United States. FC is widely carried out in Somalia with a prevalence of 98%, making Somalia the country with the highest percentage of circumcised women. There are short- and long-term consequences associated with FC such as bleeding, infection, and death. Therefore, it is important to understand how Somali women who underwent FC think and feel about circumcision, why they would continue the practice, and whether they would recommend the practice for others. Using a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach aligned with the use of social convention theory as a conceptual framework, data were collected from 12 Somali women who underwent FC, who were living in the United States at the time of the study, who were 18 years old and above and who were recruited online through SurveyMonkey without disclosing their identities. Thirty-five open-ended questions were posted online for participants to complete. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis method was used for data analysis. The respondents reported experiencing negative consequences from FC practice including pain, miscarriages, and heavy bleeding. The majority of the women in the study supported the eradication of FC in all forms. Based on the findings of this study, possible implications for positive social change include enabling health professionals to create culturally-diverse education and care and altering the social convention of FC so that the morbidity and mortality caused by FC is reduced and the lives of girls and women in Somalia are improved.

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Abdullahi, Abdurahman. "Tribalism, nationalism and Islam : the crisis of political loyalty in Somalia." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69570.

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This thesis deals with the crisis of political loyalty in Somalia. The analysis is based on an elitist perspective which permits a more satisfactory integration of all levels of Somali society than is possible with familiar "clanist" or "social theory" interpretations. The paper gives details of the three leading ideological groups in Somalia over the past three decades--the Tribalists, Nationalists and Islamists. It demonstrates how the future of the nationalists' imported models of government and policies to contain tribalism culminated in the re-emergence of tribalism, now in more militant political form. The author presents Islam as an important political component and analyses the Islamic Movement in Somalia as a potential alternative political force for the future. The Islamists may be successful if they overcome internal divisions, personality cults and isolation from society, and adopt a moderate realistic attitude on social issues.

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47

Owens, Christopher Allen. "The Tangled Paths to Safety: A Comparison of the Migration and Settlement Experiences of Refugees and Voluntary Migrants." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366550897.

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48

Osman, Idil A. "Re-creating conflict : an examination of Somali diasporic media involvement in the Somali conflict." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/86912/.

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Somalia has for more than two decades been in a perpetual state of conflict and more than a million Somalis have fled the initial civil war. Approximately 400,000 of them reside here in the UK. They have formed a large diasporic community and have set up their own websites and TV stations to remain engaged with the happenings of their homeland. Diasporic media is often hailed as a medium that allows immigrants to maintain their identity in their host country as well as providing a platform to sustain ties with their homeland. However, if these ties are being maintained with a homeland that is in a state of conflict, the potential to transport the dynamics of the conflict and re-create it amongst the diaspora audiences is very much a possibility. This thesis illustrates how diasporic media can re-create conflict through a theoretically developed and empirically informed argument that provides three analytically distinct approaches referred to as the three politics of non-recognition, solidarity and mobilisation. This thesis in essence, argues that diasporic media is more complex than what current scholars have demonstrated and that there is a need to broaden the scope of current academic debates concerning the interplay between diasporic media, transnationalism and conflict.

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Bashir-Ali, Khadar. "The invisible minority the academic, linguistic, social, and cultural integration of refugee students in the public schools in Italy and the U.S.: a comparative study /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1086249790.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 356 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Charles R. Hancock, College of Education. Includes bibliographical references (p. 238-295).

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Omar, Musa Mohammad. "Ethnien und Nationalstaaten am Horn von Afrika : Somalia und Eritrea /." Münster : Lit, 2002. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009657402&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Somalien'

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