Relevant bibliographies by topics / Somatization disorder

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Somatization disorder'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Somatization disorder"

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Othmer, Ekkehard. "Somatization Disorder." Psychiatric Annals 18, no. 6 (June 1, 1988): 330–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0048-5713-19880601-04.

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Ketterer, Mark W., and Charles D. Buckholtz. "Somatization disorder." Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 89, no. 4 (April 1, 1989): 489–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jom-1989-890411.

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Smith, Robert C. "Somatization disorder." Journal of General Internal Medicine 6, no. 2 (March 1991): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02598318.

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Hilty, Donald M., James A. Bourgeois, Celia H. Chang, and Mark E. Servis. "Somatization disorder." Current Treatment Options in Neurology 3, no. 4 (July 2001): 305–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11940-001-0036-3.

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Quill, Timothy E. "Somatization Disorder." JAMA 254, no. 21 (December 6, 1985): 3075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1985.03360210091038.

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Vasile, D., O. Vasiliu, G. Grigorescu, A. G. Mangalagiu, D. G. Ojog, and V. Bogdan. "Incidence of axis I and axis II dual diagnosis in hospitalised patients with somatization disorder." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73279-5.

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IntroductionSomatization disorder is frequently associated in epidemiologic trials with depressive, anxiety, other somatoform or substance related disorders, as well as with personality disorders. An examination of psychiatric comorbidity in patients diagnosed with somatization disorder is strongly advised due to the impact of these associated conditions over the prognosis and treatment.ObjectiveTo establish the incidence of psychiatric dual diagnosis in hospitalized patients with somatization disorder.MethodsA group of 37 patients, 22 female and 15 male, mean age 45.9, were evaluated using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Axis I (SCID-I) and Axis II (SCID-II) disorders at the admission in our department for a diagnosis of somatization disorder. All patients included in this trial were known with somatization disorder for at least one year prior to this admission.ResultsPatients diagnosed with somatization disorder presented mostly depressive disorders (46%, n = 17), anxiety disorders (37.8%, n = 14), substance related disorders (16.2%, n = 6) and personality disorders (67.5%, n = 25). A more detailed analysis on axis I established major depressive disorder as the most frequent diagnosis (37.8%, n = 14), followed by panic disorder (27%, n = 10) and alcohol dependence (13.5%, n = 5), while on axis II the histrionic (21.6%, n = 8) and obsessive-compulsive (19%, n = 7) personality disorders were the most frequently associated conditions. A number of 21 patients presented at least three axis I and/or II simultaneous diagnosis (64.8%).ConclusionThe most frequently comorbidities in somatization disorder are major depressive disorder and panic disorder on axis I, as well as histrionic and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder on axis II.
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Ensalada, Leon, Christopher R. Brigham, and Les Kertay. "Somatization." Guides Newsletter 23, no. 4 (July 1, 2018): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2018.julaug03.

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Abstract An evaluator's failure to recognize illness behavior and to adjust for its effect on symptom presentation can lead to erroneous conclusions regarding impairment or disability; here the authors review the associated phenomena of somatization, disorders that arise from it, and factors that contribute to somatization. Somatization is an individual's unconscious use of the body or bodily symptoms for psychological purposes or psychological gain. As the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Sixth Edition, notes, somatization is a “tendency to experience and report somatic complaints (physical symptoms) in response to psychosocial stress and seek health care services for them.” The AMA Guides also advises evaluators that “exclusion or inclusion of somatization disorder, factitious disorder, and/or malingering must be done with care.” A table lists developmental factors that may dispose to somatization (eg, somatizers are present in the family of origin, or coping mechanisms other than illness behavior are absent or unacceptable); a second table compares disorders that may involve somatization. Somatization is prevalent in clinical practice and is likely to occur with equal, or higher, frequency in the evaluation setting. The presence of somatization distorts symptom presentation and can exert a confounding effect on impairment assessment methodologies that rely on the accuracy of patients’ self-presentations.
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Woolfolk, Robert L., and Lesley A. Allen. "Affective-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Somatization Disorder." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 24, no. 2 (May 2010): 116–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.24.2.116.

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Somatization disorder is the most severe and refractory of the somatoform disorders. In this article, we provide an overview of somatization disorder, reviewing both the experimental psychopathology and treatment outcome literatures. We also describe a new psychosocial intervention that we developed to treat somatization disorder, affective-cognitive behavioral therapy. We attempt to place the treatment within the context of contemporary cognitive behavioral therapy.
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Wessely, S. "PS02.03 Somatization disorder." European Psychiatry 15, S2 (October 2000): 256s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(00)94098-7.

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Ensalada, Leon H., and Christopher R. Brigham. "Somatization." Guides Newsletter 5, no. 4 (July 1, 2000): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/amaguidesnewsletters.2000.julaug01.

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Abstract The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, (AMA Guides), Fourth Edition, notes that individuals may consciously exaggerate the symptoms of a disorder in the clinical or impairment evaluation setting, an activity that is associated with the process of somatization. This article reviews the phenomena of somatization, its magnitude, factors that contribute, and somatizing disorders themselves. Somatization is characterized by the propensity to experience and report somatic symptoms that have no pathophysiologic explanation, to misattribute them to disease, and to seek medical attention for them. Reported symptoms could result from organic disease—which is precisely the point because somatizing patients choose symptoms, consciously or not, that will be taken as evidence of real, physical disease. The prevalence of somatization reportedly ranges from 5% to 60% and varies with the medical specialty and the clinical setting. Studies have reported that in 25% to 50% of all primary care encounters, physicians found no significant objective cause to explain the presenting symptoms. The somatization process contributes to somatoform disorders, which are mental disorders and are not intentionally produced or feigned. A table compares three types of somatizing disorders: somatoform disorders, factitious disorders, and malingering. The presence of somatization distorts symptom presentation and can confound assessment methodologies, but the AMA Guides instructs that impairment is rated on the basis of objective findings, not solely on subjective complaints.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Somatization disorder"

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Canel, Cinarbas Deniz. "A cross-cultural study of somatization." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1389687.

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The purpose of the present study was to compare the factor structure of distress, comprised of depression, anxiety, and somatization, across Turkey and the U.S., and to investigate the metric invariance of the instruments used to measure distress: The Beck Depression Inventory-II, The State Trait Anxiety Inventory Trait subscale, and TheSymptom Check List 90-R Somatization subscale. Data from 778 Turkish and U.S. participants were used for the analyses. It was found that depression, somatization, and anxiety are three distinct but related constructs for both Turkish and U.S. participants. It was also found that BDI-II, STAI-Trait, and SCL-90-R-Somatization do not have metric invariance across the two cultures, and these instruments do not measure the same distress construct across Turkey and U.S. Stated differently, distress as measured by these three instruments has different meanings for Turkish and U.S. participants. According to the results of a freelist analysis, somatic, cognitive, behavioral, and affective reactions to distress were equally salient for Turkish students. In contrast, affective and somatic reactions to distress had more salience for the U.S. participants.Some of the results obtained from the current study contradicted previous findings, while some were consistent. The results were consistent with the way depression, anxiety, and somatization are conceptualized in the DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) as separate constructs, but contradicted Krueger et al.'s findings (2003) and Broom's unitary model of personhood (2000, 2003). Results from the freelist analysis contradicted the previous findings indicating that Turkish individuals are more likely to somatize compared to individuals from the U.S. (Gureje et al., 1997). The methodological differences between the current study and the previous studies (Gureje et al., 1997), such as differences in the instrumentation and the educational levels of the participants, may have caused the observed differences in the findings. The results from the current study should be interpreted in light of its limitations, such as use of convenience sampling, instrumentation, and the effect of potential response biases. Future studies are needed to further investigate the cross-cultural metric invariance and item bias of BDI-II, STAI-Trait, and SCL-90-R-Somatization individually.<br>Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Chianello, Teresa. "Somatization and Engagement in Mental Health Treatment." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/706.

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Somatization, the presentation of physical symptoms without an identifiable cause, is among the most common problems in primary medical care. Treatment approaches are typically offered within the medical consultation interview once the medical provider distinguishes between physical and emotional etiology. This dualistic strategy is especially troublesome for patients whose physical complaints cannot be validated and who are recommended for only mental health therapy. The aim of this study was to examine how medical practitioners can instead motivate patients to consider both physical and emotional treatment. An analogue intervention consisting of an enhanced consultation interview was compared to a care as usual consultation interview on the key outcome of motivation to engage in mental health treatment. A total of 129 participants with medically unexplained symptoms were randomly assigned to these two conditions. Motivation to engage in mental health treatment was evaluated with the FMP Questionnaire, Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire, and the newly developed Motivation to Engage in Therapy questionnaire (MET). Results of ANCOVA revealed significant differences between the two analogue consultation interviews on 3 out of 5 outcome measures. The largest effect was found for the MET followed by the credibility and expectancy subscales (1.6, .9, and .8). This finding suggests that a particular type of discourse between medical provider and patient can lead to increased motivation for holistic care treatment for those with somatization.
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Grant, Isabel. "An investigation of parent-child behavior and adolescent somatization." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30568.

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The association between psychogenic knee pain in adolescent girls and parent-child behavior that involves (1) a high degree of control on the part of parents and (2) a high degree of submission on the part of adolescent daughters was investigated. The subjects, between the ages of 13 and 16 years, were patients of five doctors whom they were consulting about chronic knee pain. The doctors categorized each patient as either having "organic evidence" associated with their pain complaint (n=18) or "no organic evidence" (n=12). Each patient completed the Intrex Questionnaire: Short Forms B and C (Benjamin, 1988) which provided a set of data that descibed the daughters' perceptions of .their mothers' and fathers' behavior in relation to them and also the daughters' own behavior in relation to both parents. Similarity of the groups in terms of age, socioeconomic status and severity of pain was confirmed. Between-groups comparisons of the Intrex data yielded two significant differences. Daughters in the psychogenic pain group perceived their mothers as being both more controlling toward and more submissive to their daughters than did daughters in the organic group. Hypothesized differences between the groups regarding fathers' controlling behavior and daughters' submissive behavior were not supported.<br>Education, Faculty of<br>Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of<br>Graduate
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Goradietsky, Seth R. "Somatization as a moderator of posttraumatic stress disorder in southeast Asian refugees." Thesis, John F. Kennedy University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3598425.

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<p> The diagnostic category of PTSD does not capture culture-relevant symptomatology, that is, somatization, for Cambodian refugees in the United States. Somatization may function as a buffer against chronic PTSD symptomatology in Cambodian refugees because somatization represents a culture-specific coping strategy for this population. The purpose of the present study is to assess the correlation between somatization and degree of PTSD symptoms. The study also addresses the mental health disparities in the Cambodian refugee population in order to inform the literature on access to better trauma-informed mental health services. </p><p> Participants were recruited from community mental health agencies in Oakland, CA and Long Beach, CA. Two "data-gathering" groups of Cambodian refugees (<i>N</i> = 26) were administered a demographic questionnaire, the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire-Revised (HTQ-R) and the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire-20 (SDQ-20) in Khmer and English. The correlational relationship between demographic variables was also analyzed in order to explore contextual factors behind the findings of the study's main research question. Recommendations for assessment and treatment of PTSD in Cambodian refugees were then discussed based on the study's findings. Health care utilization by Cambodian refugees was examined and recommendations were suggested for improvement in public policy and health care services.</p><p> The hypothesis of this study that the level of somatization was inversely related to degree of PTSD symptomatology in Cambodian refugees was not supported. The Pearson Correlational Coefficient analysis produced a statistically significant positive relationship (<i>r</i> = .34) between somatization and traumatization in Cambodian refugees as measured by scores on the SDQ-20 and the HTQ-R. The role of specific somatoform symptoms in the chronicity of PTSD symptomatology was explored. The positive correlation found between the SDQ-20 and HTQ-R supported previous research, demonstrating the relationship between somatoform dissociation and higher PTSD symptomatology in Cambodian refugees. </p>
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Gupta, Deepti. "The role of temperament and anxiety on somatization in young adults." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/4584.

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Thesis (M.A.)--George Mason University, 2009.<br>Vita: p. 60. Thesis director: Koraly Perez-Edgar. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 12, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-59). Also issued in print.
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Petrova, Elena Aleksandar Stadler Holly A. "The relationship between alexithymia and functional somatization in college students in the US." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Counselor_Education/Dissertation/Petrova_Elena_21.pdf.

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Liu, Ka-kui, and 廖家駒. "Stress, somatization, and depression: textingthe idiom of distress hypothesis among working adults." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42841884.

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Liu, Ka-kui. "Stress, somatization, and depression texting the idiom of distress hypothesis among working adults /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42841884.

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Morton, Lori Barker. "Somatoform Disorder: Treatment Utilization and Cost by Mental Health Professions." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2945.

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Somatoform disorder is a prevalent mental health disorder in the United States. This disorder costs the United States one billion dollars annually. Medical providers report somatoform disorder is difficult to treat. Previous studies have shown that Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is effective at reducing symptoms of somatoform disorder. Unfortunately, little research has been done on treatment outcomes and cost of somatoform disorder, particularly by profession to reduce health care costs for somatoform patients and providers. Administrative data from CIGNA for 149 somatoform disorder cases were analyzed to determine the cost, number of sessions, dropout rates, and recidivism rates for somatoform disorder. These same variables for somatoform disorder were also analyzed by profession for medical doctors, psychologists, master's nurses, master's social workers, marriage and family therapists, and professional counselors. Descriptive statistics showed that the recidivism rates and number of sessions for somatoform disorder is higher than average. Drop-out rates were consistent with the average. Analyses revealed no significant difference in total cost by profession, but did indicate a significant difference in cost per session for medical doctors. Analyses indicate lower level (M.S.) providers have no significant difference in drop-out rates and recidivism rates compared to higher level (Ph.D.) providers.
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Gardner, Ann. "Mitochondrial dysfunction and alterations of brain HMPAO SPECT in depressive disorder : perspectives on origins of "somatization" /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-903-X/.

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Books on the topic "Somatization disorder"

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Smith, G. Richard. Somatization disorder in the medical setting. Rockville, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute of Mental Health, 1990.

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Smith, G. Richard. Somatization disorder in the medical setting. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Press, 1991.

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Smith, G. Richard. Somatization disorder in the medical setting. Rockville, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute of Mental Health, 1990.

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Campayo, Javier García. Usted no tiene nada: La somatización. Barcelona: Océano, 1999.

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Shapiro, Elsa G. The somatizing child: Diagnosis and treatment ofconversion and somatization disorders. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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A, Rosenfeld Alvin, ed. The somatizing child: Diagnosis and treatment of conversion and somatization disorders. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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Isabelle, Billiard, and Dejours Christophe, eds. Somatisation: Psychanalyse et sciences du vivant. Paris: Editions Eshel, 1994.

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Dubas, Frédéric. Le sujet, son symptôme, son histoire: Étude du symptôme somatomorphe. Paris: Belles Lettres, 2012.

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Mazeran, Vincent. Les déclinaisons du corps: Une théorie psychanalytique de la somatisation. Marseille: Hommes et perspectives, 1989.

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Smith, W. Lynn. The mind-body interface in somatization: When symptom becomes disease. Lanham: Jason Aronson, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Somatization disorder"

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Baker, Jeff, and Paul Cinciripini. "Somatization Disorder." In Adult Behavior Therapy Casebook, 95–106. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2409-0_7.

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Parker, Pamela E., and Charles V. Ford. "Somatization Disorder." In Handbook of Prescriptive Treatments for Adults, 283–95. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1456-9_14.

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Smith-Kemper, Sharon. "Somatization Disorder." In Encyclopedia of Cross-Cultural School Psychology, 918–19. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71799-9_396.

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Lipsitt, Don R. "Hypochondriasis and Somatization Disorder." In Handbook of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, 152–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-69255-5_14.

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de Greck, Moritz. "Somatization and Bodily Distress Disorder." In Neuropsychodynamic Psychiatry, 319–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75112-2_15.

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King, Roy, Jürgen Margraf, Anke Ehlers, and Richard Maddock. "Panic Disorder — Overlap with Symptoms of Somatization Disorder." In Panic and Phobias, 72–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71165-7_8.

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Lipsitt, Don R. "Hypochondriasis and Somatization Disorder: New Perspectives." In Handbook of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, 317–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11005-9_23.

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Tacchini, Gianluigi, and Matteo Vismara. "Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Somatization, and Emotional Dysregulation: A Possible Link." In Clinical Cases in Psychiatry: Integrating Translational Neuroscience Approaches, 209–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91557-9_12.

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Routh, Donald K., and Ann R. Ernst. "Somatization Disorder in Relatives of Children and Adolescents with Functional Abdominal Pain." In Readings in Pediatric Psychology, 269–79. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1248-0_18.

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Engel, Charles C. "Somatization and multiple idiopathic physical symptoms: Relationship to traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder." In Trauma and health: Physical health consequences of exposure to extreme stress., 191–215. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10723-008.

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Conference papers on the topic "Somatization disorder"

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Miranda, Diogo, Julio Neves, Luiz Zarate, and Mark Song. "Formal Concept Analysis Applied to Characterize Longitudinal Associations Between Depressive and Anxiety Disorders and Somatization." In 18th International Conference on Health Informatics, 390–97. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5220/0013106500003911.

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Tran, Denise, Jennifer Wang, Reagan Fitzke, Jordan Davis, and Eric Pedersen. "The relationship between anxiety status and cannabis use among OEF/OIF veterans: Somatization as a moderator." In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.17.

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American veterans are vulnerable to high rates of anxiety and substance use. Notably, veterans with mental health challenges report higher rates of cannabis use than those without mental health concerns. In the general population, anxiety often overlaps with a variety of somatic symptoms. However, less is known regarding the effects of both anxiety and somatization on cannabis use behaviors in veterans. Online surveys were completed by 1006 veterans (Mage=34.74, 75.1% male) with a three-month follow-up. Negative binomial regression was used to test whether baseline somatization moderated the relationship between baseline anxiety and frequency of past 30-day cannabis use three months later at follow-up. Compared to those who screened negative, those who screened positive for anxiety reported greater past 30-day cannabis use rates at follow-up (IRR=6.74; 95% CI [4.68, 9.71]). Higher levels of somatization also predicted greater past 30-day cannabis use rates (IRR=1.30; 95% CI [1.24, 1.36]). Somatization moderated the relationship between anxiety and past 30-day cannabis use frequency. At both low and high levels of somatization, those who screened positive for anxiety reported greater cannabis use days compared to those who screened negative for anxiety. However, among those who screened negative for a probable anxiety disorder, an increase in somatization is associated with an increase in past 30-day cannabis use frequency. Findings suggest that those who screen positive for anxiety and those who screen negative for anxiety, but endorse high levels of somatization, may likely benefit most from cannabis use prevention and/or intervention.
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Li, Qiuwen. "Text vs. Images: Understanding emotional expressions on social media during COVID-19 pandemic." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002031.

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Due to the global spread of COVID-19, people all around the world have been forced to change the way they communicate and interact with others. Keeping social distance and wearing masks helps prevent the spread of coronavirus, and also makes online social platforms increase in demand in an unprecedented way (Flynn, 2008). Prolonged social isolation during COVID-19 is likely to have negative effects on mental health and communication on an individual. Researchers have found evidence for caused and elevated anxiety disorders such as somatization, post-traumatic stress disorder, panic disorders and depression amongst individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic (Meikle, 2016). Numerous studies have found that people only show their “good side” and positive emotions on social media. How does social media reveal our anxiety disorders during Covid? Do emotions expressed in pictures match with its text content on social media? In this research, 500 most recent selfies from individual accounts between December 1st and 10th in 2021 from age ranges 13 to 55 years old were downloaded for the study. The study used IBM Watson tone analyzer and Sky-Biometry as tools for linguistic analysis and emotion detection. In addition, the research compared imagery and text content in social media as a function of emotional expression and methods.Keywords: Emotional Expressions, Communication, Social Media, COVID-19, Photography Posts, Text, Instagram, Social Network, Attention Theory, Mental Health
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Mariano, Lunizia Mattos, Guilherme dos Santos Sousa, Lucas Barbosa Napolitano de Moraes, Yasmim Nadime José Frigo, Ana Flavia Andrade Lemos, Arthur Oscar Schelp, and Luiz Eduardo Betting. "Use of lamotrigine in impulse control and social cognition in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy." In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.654.

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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a type of focal epilepsy that can begin in one or more regions of the temporal lobe and spread to adjacent brain tissue via neural connections and can be divided into two types according to the Classification of Epileptic Syndromes (ILAE 2017). The most common is mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, which affects temporal regions such as the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, amygdala, and parahippocampal gyrus. The second type is lateral or neocortical, where seizures occur in the temporal neocortex (superior, medial and inferior temporal, temporooccipital and temporoparietal gyri and associative senses for auditory, visual and verbal functions). Approximately 60% of patients with mesial TLE associated with hippocampal atrophy are unable to control their seizures even after optimal treatment with various antiepileptic drugs. For these patients, epilepsy surgery can be an effective alternative treatment. After a series of preoperative studies, including medical history and careful neurological examination, complex neurophysiological studies (surface, surface and invasive electroencephalographic video electroencephalogram), neuroimaging studies and neuropsychological evaluations for selected cases. Notably, according to Wiebe and Engel, 2012, surgical treatment of TLE is superior to long-term medical therapy in these selected cases. Because the pathophysiological course of mesial TLE may favor preservation of epileptogenesis even after removal of the primary regions, effective cure in these patients is not always guaranteed. Furthermore, due to the location of mesiotemporal lesions, patients with TLE suffer from stigma, associated with seizure and psychiatric disorders, which affects the quality of life and functioning of these patients. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the efficacy of using antiseizure medications, especially lamotrigine on impulse control, which is also impaired in some mood disorders. Bear Fedio Inventory (BFI) was used to study the effect of lamotrigine and other antizeiures medications on impulse control in patients with TLE. Patients with TLE confirmed by clinical semiology and magnetic resonance imaging findings treated with lamotrigine or other antiseizure medications were included. Only patients older than 18 years and younger than 60 years were investigated. Patients with psychotic symptoms were excluded from this analysis. The BFI was used and applied together with the International Personality Disorder Examination (IPDE). All participants received the questionnaires and were allowed to omit any demographic data that they felt might lead to disclosure of their identity. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Botucatu Medical School. The inventory consists of 100 items that must be marked as true or false. Each group of five statements examines one of the following areas: writing tendencies, hypermorality, religious beliefs, anger and impatience, tendency to organize or order, decreased libido, fear and anxiety, guilt, seriousness, sadness, emotion, suspicious and detail-oriented, cosmic interest, belief in personal predestination, persistence and reproducibility, hatred and revenge, addiction, euphoria, and somatization. A high score is 2 or more true items in each domain, or 20 or more items marked true in total. The IPDE, on the other hand, describes personality traits according to ICD-10 and identifies them based on a set of 5 responses with at least two being true to assume that the respondent has that trait, such as impulsivity or borderline. 36 respondents answered the questionnaires and the responses were stored and categorized into two groups, those who take lamotrigine medication and those who do not. With this separation in mind, the answers that defined the personality trait according to the inventories were selected and grouped, the answers were yes or no, and the accumulation of the answers and the score of the accumulation were applied, and the positive and negative cases for the trait were grouped so that the chi-square test could be applied. Nine of the 36 respondents were taking lamotrigine and 27 were taking other medications. For the IPED with the score of impulsivity, there were 7 positives and 2 negatives, the 27 who did not use lamotrigine, 21 with a positive score and 6 negatives. For the BFI, the Hate and Vengeance and Euphoria traits were selected for comparison and to test the hypothesis of decreased impulsivity traits. There was no change in the respondents who use lamotrigine, of the 9, only 2 had a positive score and 7 a negative score, for the non-users tested in this criterion 16 positive and 11 negative. There was not difference for hatred and revenge trail between the groups (P = 0.0543). For the euphoria trait, the values for lamotrigine users were 8 positive and 1 negative, and for non-users were 21 positive and 6 negative (P = 0.466). This preliminary investigation did not show difference for impulse control between patients taking lamotrigine or not. A larger sample size is currently underway to support this observation.
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