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1
Sobral, Francisco, and Olga Vasconcelos. "Perceived Somatotype as Indicator of Accuracy of Body Image, a Method Using Somatotype Attitudinal Distance." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 3_suppl (June 1996): 1107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.3c.1107.
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A method intended to assess accuracy of body image was applied to 52 Caucasian girls aged 14 and 15 years. Each girl, after being somatotyped by the Heath-Carter anthropometric method, was asked to select, among ten somatotype standard photographs, the one she perceived closest to her own objective somatotype. The purposes of the research were (i) to measure the distance between the objective and subjective judgements, self-perceived somatotypes by means of the somatotype attitudinal distance, and (ii) to assess the stability of the subjective somatotype by a test-retest correlation. The girls were also asked to select the pictures corresponding to the most preferred and aversive somatotypes. The test-retest coefficients were significant for the three somatotype choices. Hence, the method provides adequate stability and may be employed to reproduce the discrepancies between body image and real body build by a quantitative continuous measure.
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Sakibaev, K. Sh, N. T. Alexeeva, D. B. Nikityuk, N. M. Tashmatova, and S. V. Klochkova. "Anthropometric Features of Ethnic Kyrgyz of Different Age Groups." Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology 7, no. 4 (January 11, 2019): 56–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2018-7-4-56-60.
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The purposeof this study was to develop data about growth-weighted indexes of men of youthful and Mature age, ethnic Kyrgyz.Material and methods. 955 men of youthful and Mature age, ethnic Kyrgyz living in Osh and its vicinities, practically healthy were examined. The method of complex anthropometry included estimation of 21 parameters necessary for somatotyping. The length and weight of the body were determined. Morphometric data processing was carried out with the help of statistical programs Microsoft Excel and STATISTICA 6.0 package. The differences between the two compared values were considered reliable according to the student's criterion at p < 0.05.Results. Somatotyping of men showed predominance of abdominal somatotype, with a minimum percentage of breast somatotype. The analysis of growth-weight indicators in different somatotypes showed that regardless of the somatotype, the length of the body increases slightly during the transition from adolescence to the 1st period of adulthood, which is explained by the continuation of growth processes. A slight decrease in body length in the 2nd period of adulthood is due to natural physiological processes and is a proven age-dependent fact.Conclusion. In the result of the study shows the distribution in the relative number of different somatotypes of men in the Kyrgyz population; shows the age and somatotypological characteristics of height and body mass that has significant scientific and practical importance.
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Sevdalev, S., A. Skidan, and E. Vrublevskiy. "ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODICAL ASPECTS OF INDIVIDUALIZATION OF HEALTH IMPROVING FEMALE TRAINING." Human Sport Medicine 20, S1 (October 14, 2020): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/hsm20s109.
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Aim. The paper deals with theoretical and experimental substantiation of an individual approach to health-improving female training. Materials and methods. A specific individual orientation of training effects for women aged from 21 to 35 years was determined depending on their somatotypes: asthenic (n = 14), normosthenic (n = 18) and hypersthenic (n = 16). Individual somatotype-based health-improving training programs were implemented by 48 women during a nine-month macrocycle. The following research methods were used: anthropometric measurements, somatotyping, control and pedagogical tests, a set of biomedical methods, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. Distinctive somatotype features, body composition, functional status, physical fitness were determined in women engaged in shaping. The asthenic type is characterized by the smallest weight and height, as well as body circumference measurements, vital capacity, hand dynamometry, and body composition data. The hypersthenic type is described by the highest figures for the parameters studied. The normosthenic somatotype is distinguished by average data. Assessment of physical development, functional status and physical fitness in women demonstrated deviations from standard values for most indicators. The individualized method of developing health-improving female training programs based on somatotype characteristics provided statistically significant positive dynamics of physical development, body composition, functional status, physical fitness compared with the initial values. Conclusion. The focus of health-improving training programs for women aged from 21 to 35 years is determined based on morphofunctional and conditioning features that are specific for various somatotypes.
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Sakibaev, K. Sh. "Anthropometric Parameters in Kyrgyz Males of Various Somatotypes." Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology 8, no. 1 (April 7, 2019): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2019-8-1-55-58.
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The aimof research was to obtain data about “somatotypical profile” and some anthropometric parameters in young and adult males, the ethnic Kyrgyz.Material and methods.The study included 955 healthy young and adult males, ethnic Kyrgyzs, residents of Osh city and its suburbs. To assess their physical development the authors used a method of complex anthropometry and somatotyping. Morphometric processing of the obtained data was performed using statistical programs Microsoft Excel and package STATISTICA (v. 6.0). Differences between two compared values were estimated by Student's distribution at p<0.05.Results.The most common constitutional types in the Kyrgyz young and adult men appeared to be an abdominal (35–37%), muscular (25–27%) and indefinite (27–30%) constitutional types; thoracic somatotype (9–11%) being the rarest. The performed analysis demonstrated a tendency to increasing the diameter of the wrist and calf during the development from the youth into the 1st and then the 2nd period of adulthood; this was observed in the representatives of all somatotypes. The individual minimum and maximum values of the width of the shoulder girdle were higher in men of the muscular somatotype than in men of the thoracic somatotype regardless of their age; the same parameters had intermediate values in men of the abdominal and indefinite somatotypes.Conclusion.The obtained data on the distribution of different somatotypes in the Kyrgyz male population and certain anthropometric parameters in the representatives of different somatotypes will contribute to the design of the national standards of physical development; the fact being significant for practical health and theoretical medicine
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Hmel, L. L., V. O. Gnenna, О. А. Serebrennikova, and N. M. Smolko. "Features of indicators of crus rheogram in practically healthy teenagers of different somatotypes." Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology, no. 33 (December 27, 2018): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/bba33-2018-7.
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Norms for assessing the functional state of the peripheral vascular system are developed, as a rule, without regard to age, gender and somatotype. The purpose of the study is to establish features of the indicators of crus rheogram in practically healthy girls and boys of different somatotypes, residents of the Podillia region of Ukraine. Rheographic indicators of the cohort of 108 practically healthy girls aged from 12 to 15 years old and 103 boys aged from 13 to 16 years and 103, urban residents of the Podillia region of Ukraine, were determined using a cardiology computer diagnostic complex. Anthropometric survey was conducted in accordance with the scheme of V. V. Bunak (1941). To evaluate the somatotype of adolescents, the mathematical scheme of J. Carter and B. Heath (1990) was used. The statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out in the license package "Statistica 5.5" using nonparametric methods for evaluating the obtained results. As a result of the research, it was found that most of the amplitudes and some of the derived indicators of the crus rheogram in girls of the mesomorphic somatotype are significantly lower or tend to be smaller than those of other somatotypes, while the time of the rising part of the rheogram and the time of slow blood filling are significantly higher than at representatives of an ectomorphic somatotype. In boys of mesomorphic somatotype, the basic impedance and amplitude of the systolic wave and the average speed of fast and slow blood flow of the rheogram are significantly lower or tend to be lower than those of other somatotypes, while the time of the ascending part and fast blood flow of rheograms and the diastolic index are significantly greater than in the representatives of the ecto-mesomorphic somatotype. It has also been found that almost half of the amplitude and derivative indices are significantly higher in girls than in boys of corresponding somatotypes, and most of the time - on the contrary, in boys, than in girls of corresponding somatotypes. Thus, indicators of crus rheogram in practically healthy girls and boys of different somatotypes, inhabitants of the Podillia region of Ukraine have pronounced differences mainly between the representatives of mesomorphic and ectomorphic somatotypes. Established pronounced manifestations of sexual dimorphism of indicators of crus rheogram between adolescents of corresponding somatotypes.
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Drywień, Małgorzata, Krzysztof Górnicki, and Magdalena Górnicka. "Application of Artificial Neural Network to Somatotype Determination." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 3, 2021): 1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041365.
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Somatotype characteristics are important for the selection of sporting activities, as well as and the prevalence of several chronic diseases. Nowadays the most common method of somatotyping is the Heath–Carter method, which calculates the somatotype base on 10 anthropometric parameters. Another possibility for evaluation of somatotype gives commonly used bioelectrical impedance analysis), but the accuracy of the proposed formulas is questioned. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the possibility of applying an artificial neural network to achieve the formulas, which allow us to determine the endomorphy and mesomorphy using data on body height and weight and raw bioelectrical impedance analysis data in young women. The endomorphy (Endo), ectomorphy (Ecto), and mesomorphy (Meso) ratings were determined using artificial neural networks and the Heath–Carter method. To identify critical parameters and their degree of impact on the artificial neural network outputs, a sensitivity analysis was performed. The multi-layer perceptron MLP 4-4-1 (input: body mass index (BMI), reactance, resistance, and resting metabolic rate) for the Endo somatotype was proposed (root mean squared error (RMSE) = 0.66, χ2 = 0.66). The MLP 4-4-1 (input: BMI, fat-free mass, resistance, and total body water) for the Meso somatotype was proposed (RMSE = 0.76, χ2 = 0.87). All somatotypes (Endo, Meso and Ecto) can be calculated using MLP 2-4-3 (input: BMI and resistance) with accuracy RMSE = 0.67 and χ2 = 0.51. The bioelectrical impedance analysis and Heath–Carter method compliance was evaluated with the statistical algorithm proposed by Bland and Altman. The artificial neural network-based formulas allow us to determine the endomorphy and mesomorphy in young women’s ratings with high accuracy and agreement with the Heath–Carter method. The results of our study indicate the successful application of artificial neural network-based model in predicting the somatotype of young women. The artificial neural network model can be practically used in bioelectrical impedance analysis devices in the future.
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Miroshnichenko, V. M., O. P. Shvets, T. V. Samolenko, and O. I. Salnykov. "Dynamics of indicators of physical development of women 25-35 years under the influence of aquafitness training." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 5(136) (May 22, 2021): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2021.5(135).16.
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The aim of the study was to identify the features of the impact of aquafitness training on the indicators of physical development of women 25-35 years of different somatotypes. The study involved 41 women 25-35 years old. The somatotype was determined by the Heath-Carter method. Physical development indicators were determined by the indicators of the device OMRON BF-511, which works on the principle of bioelectric impedance. Under the influence of aquafitness training in a group of women that brought together representatives of different somatotypes, not found statistically confirmed changes of indicators physical development. At all control stages of the study, body mass, BMI, fat percentage, visceral fat content tended to decrease. Among women distributed by somatotype, a statistically significant decrease in body mass and BMI was found only in representatives of the endomorphic somatotype. The decrease in body mass and BMI was due to a decrease in body fat and visceral fat. In the representatives ectomorphic somatotype, body mass, BMI, and muscle component percentage tended to increase, and fat percentage tended to decrease. Representatives of the balanced and endomorphic-mesomorphic somatotype demonstrated only a tendency to decrease body mass, BMI, fat content and visceral fat content. The percentage of muscle component tended to increase. Different adaptive reactions were revealed to aquafitness training in women 25-35 years of different somatotypes. Statistically significant decreased body mass and BMI occurred only in representatives of the endomorphic somatotype. Body mass and BMI decreased due to a decrease in body fat (including visceral fat).
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Vitaliy, Kashuba, and Afanasiev Dmitriy. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOMATOTYPE AND LONGITUDINAL BODY SIZES IN THE PRACTICALLY HEALTHY CHILDREN OF 6-8 YEARS OLD AND THEIR YEARLING WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT." Sport Science and Human Health 4, no. 2 (2020): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2664-2069.2020.2.4.
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Introduction. Somatotype is a form of manifestation the natural biological diversity, which is discrete and determines natural composition different variants of the constitution typology. Somatotype reflects main features in the dynamics of ontogenesis, metabolism, reactivity of the organism. These properties form individual features of the structure and, consequently, functions of the organism, determine its response to ever-changing environmental factors. Aim is to study relationship between somatotype in the children of 6-8 years and longitudinal dimensions of their bodies. Material and methods: analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, anthropometric measurements included determining length and weight of the body, chest, shoulder, waist and thighs, measuring thickness of the skin and fat folds of the biceps, triceps, forearms, shoulder blades, abdomen, legs and thighs. Determination of somatotype was carried out by W.H. Sheldon: digestive, muscular, thoracic, asthenoid. Attention was focused on the development and ratio of such features as shape of the back, chest, abdomen, legs, state of development the bone, muscle and adipose tissue, statistical analysis. Results. There are measured and analyzed differences between the longitudinal body sizes in a practically healthy children and children of 6-8 years with hearing impairment depending on their somatotypes. Correlation analysis of a longitudinal body size allowed to determine common for all groups of children tendency to a direct dependence length of the body and torso on the somatotype in the examined children. At the same time, it is shown inverse relationship between somatotype of children with length of the upper and lower extremities, forearms, hands and legs. Conclusions. Cluster analysis confirmed that formation four subgroups of somatotypes in the children of 6-8 years determined by a longitudinal size of their body. Unlike practically healthy, at the children with disturbance of hearing with asthenoid and thoracic somatotypes, there are no differences between length of the body and length of the forearm, and in the children with thoracic and digestive somatotypes – between lengths of the hand. There is a different relationship between type of somatotype in the children of 6-8 years with a longitudinal size of their body, which did not depend on the gender and presence of hearing impairment. It is confirmed, that children with higher body and body characteristics belong to the muscular or digestive, and with higher extremities – to the asthenoid and thoracic somatotypes
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Romanenko, Natalia, Victoria Sudar, Victoria Raspopova, Elizabeth Yurkina, and Anastasia Ostapchuk. "Specifics of the impact of les mills fitness programs on the women’s physical fitness of 30-35 years of different somatotypes." BIO Web of Conferences 26 (2020): 00065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202600065.
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At present, the increasing role of women in all areas of modern society is obvious. In this regard, the issue of preserving their health in the circumstances of a negative environmental situation, the intensification and computerization of labor activity is important and actual. Regular physical activity based on health-improving physical culture helps to improve the physical condition of women. There are some shortcomings in the physical education organization for women of the first Mature age. It leads to a lack of systematic growth in physical fitness indicators, and a decrease in motivation for physical education. It is important to find effective ways to improve the physical training of the first Mature age women and evaluate the effectiveness of various motor activity types. The article discusses the characteristics and influence of fitness programs in the Les Mills direction on the development of women physical qualities, taking into account different somatotypes. The results of the study made it possible to determine the somatotype according to the metric scheme of R. N. Dorokhov, body components, their severity and ratio, the physical capabilities of women 30-35 years old, depending on their somatic characteristics. In order to increase the level of physical fitness for each somatotype of women, fitness programs were selected based on the popular Les Mills direction. As a result of the study, the effectiveness of combining fitness tools that help increase the physical capabilities of women 30-35 years old with various somatotypic parameters was proved.
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Roklicer, Roberto, Dragan Atanasov, Filip Sadri, Dzenan Jahic, Danilo Bojanic, Milovan Ljubojevic, Tatjana Trivic, and Patrik Drid. "Somatotype of male and female judokas according to weight categories." Biomedical Human Kinetics 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2020-0005.
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SummaryStudy aim: The body structure can play a determining role in the achievement of top judo performance, and it seems to influence the type of techniques applied. The aim of this study is to determine the somatotypes in male and female national level judokas across weight categories in order to observe possible differences among athletes.Material and methods: A total of 61 male judokas (23.2 ± 2.7 years old) and 37 female judokas (22.3 ± 3.3 years old) participated in this study. Anthropometric variables were used to calculate somatotypes. Somatotypes were determined according to the Heath-Carter method. Analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test were used to determine differences between weight categories and obtained effect sizes (η2) were presented as well.Results: Somatotype differences among weight categories in male and female judokas were observed. Generally, all categories could be classified in three somatotypes in male and female athletes.Conclusions: The lightest categories were recognized as mesomorphic ectomorphs in females with an exception in the –48 kg category, and ectomorphic mesomorphs in male athletes. The middle ones had the endomorphic mesomorph somatotype and the heaviest athletes presented somewhat more extreme cases of endomorphic mesomorphs, both in male and female judokas. According to the results obtained, judokas have a specific body composition in different weight categories. Therefore, coaches could create a specific training programme for athletes who belong to different somatotypes.
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Shimrah, Chonsing, Sukhmani Kaur, Gurjinder Kaur, and Shivani Chandel. "Somatotype Characteristics of Sunni Muslim Population: A Cross-sectional Study." Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man 20, no. 1 (April 9, 2020): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972558x20913699.
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The aim of this study was to understand the distribution of various somatotype components and determine the age- and sex-related variations of the somatotype among Sunni Muslim population of Uttar Pradesh, India. The study population consisted of 214 individuals (100 males and 114 females), belonging to the age group of 18–73 years. All somatometric measurements were taken according to the protocol of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK). Anthropometric somatotyping was done using Heath and Carter method. Somatotype dispersion distances (SDD), mean somatotype dispersion (SDM), and standard deviation of somatotype dispersion distance (DSD) were calculated. Somatochart was also plotted for the body physique of the studied population. The results showed that mean somatotype of males is balanced endomorph (4.2–3.2–3.1), while that of females is mesomorphic endomorph (6.6–3.7–1.2). Endomorphy and mesomorphy increased with age up to 55 years and then decreased thereafter; however, ectomorphy showed the opposite trend in both the sexes. The findings of the study indicate that males and females of Sunni Muslim population are predominantly endomorphic.
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Ustymenko, О. S. "Manifestations of asymmetry and correlations of sonographic parameters of the kidneys with constitutional parameters of the body in practically healthy men and women of different somatotypes." Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology, no. 32 (September 20, 2018): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/bba32-2018-03.
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The problem of asymmetry is one of the fundamental in modern biology, theoretical and clinical medicine, it has deep evolutionary roots. Analysis of literature suggests that the coverage of various aspects of morpho-functional asymmetry of the kidneys to this time is not always unambiguous, and sometimes controversial. The purpose of the work is to establish manifestations of asymmetry of entering into regression models of sonographic sizes of kidneys anthropometric and somatotypological parameters of a body in practically healthy women and men of different somatotypes. Within the framework of the agreement on scientific cooperation from the database of the research center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya taken the primary sonographic parameters, anthropometric and somatotypological indicators of 121 practically healthy women and 97 practically healthy men of the first mature age (correspondingly, of the age from 21 to 35 and from 22 to 35 years old) who in the third generation live on the territory of Podillia region of Ukraine. For the construction of regression models of individual sonographic sizes of the kidneys, depending on the peculiarities of anthropo-somatotypological parameters of the body, the license package “Statistica 6.1” was used. To analyze the asymmetry of entering into regression models of sonographic sizes of anthropo-somatotypological indicators, all constructed reliable models, but not only models with a determination coefficient of greater than 0.6, were taken into account. Also, in the analysis, anthropometric and somatotypological indicators refer either to highly genetically determined (longitudinal body sizes, cephalometric indexes, width of distal epiphyses of long tubular limb bones, trunk diameters, pelvic sizes, ectomorphic component of somatotype, bone component of body weight) or to low genetically determined (mass, body surface area, body dimensions thickness of skin fat folds, endomorphic and mesomorphic components of the somatotype, muscle and fat components of the body mass). In men of various somatotypes, when analyzing the asymmetry of entering the models of sonographic sizes of the anthropometric and somatotypological indicators of kidneys, it has been established: in the mesomorphic somatotype representatives - 84.1% (among which 50.0% belong to highly genetically determined indices), in the representatives of the ecto-mesomorphic somatotype - 86.0% (among which 46.5% belong to highly genetically determined indicators), in the representatives of the endo-mesomorphic somatotype - 88.1% (among which 51.4% belong to a highly genetically determined indices). In women of various somatotypes, when analyzing the asymmetry of entering the models of sonographic sizes of the anthropometric and somatotypological indicators of kidneys, it was established:), in the representatives of the mesomorphic somatotype - 82.0% (among which 51.2% belong to highly genetically determined indices), in the representatives of the ectomorphic somatotype – 89.0% (among which 58.0% belong to highly genetically determined indicators), in the representatives of the endo-mesomorphic somatotype - 83.3% (among which 50.0% belong to highly genetically determined indicators), in the representatives of middle intermediate somatotype - 82.5% (among which 56.5% belong to highly genetically determined indicators).
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Slankamenac, Jelena, Tatjana Trivić, Damjan Jakšić, Miodrag Drapšin, Nemanja Lakićević, and Patrik Drid. "Somatotypes and handgrip strength analysis of elite Serbian sambo athletes." Exercise and Quality of Life 13, no. 1 (June 15, 2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31382/eqol.210601.
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The aim of this study was to establish whether there are differences between weight categories in different anthropometric measurements and handgrip strength between elite Serbian male and female sambo athletes divided into weight categories. A total of 70 elite Serbian sambo athletes participated in the study, who were participants of the World Cadet Sambo Championship held in Novi Sad. Athletes are classified into categories according to gender and official weight categories. Using anthropometry, we calculated somatotypes and hand-grip strength. For statistical analysis, we used a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc tests to compare group differences by weight categories. Somatotype analysis shows that a typical somatotype in male sambo athletes was endomorphic mesomorphs. In female groups, the most common somatotype in the lightest categories was mesomorphic ectomorphs, and in the heaviest categories were endomorphic mesomorphs. Examining the handgrip for both left and right hand, as well as in total, shows that there is a statistically significant difference between the categories. In total, the strength of the handgrip increases progressively in groups. In male categories, the difference exists between the first 4 groups and -78kg, as well as between -42kg and -46kg and the heaviest weight category. Differences between weight categories in female athletes were found between the lightest group and last six groups in total, in favor of the last six. Anthropometric measurements revealed a statistically significant difference between weight categories. Mesomorphy was the most dominant somatotype in male categories, while female athletes differed concerning weight category. The achieved results can serve as data to compare the somatotype and handgrip strength of elite sambo athletes on a national and international level. These findings suggest that the handgrip strength and somatotypes are the keys to success in relation to the weight category.
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Abdel-Rahman Al-Qaraleh, Obadeh Bassam. "Skinfold thickness in men with mild and severe psoriasis without and taking into account the somatotype." Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology, no. 40 (November 27, 2021): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/bba40-2020-08.
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Significant prevalence and decline in quality of life caused by psoriasis in combination with the lack of etiotropic methods of its treatment, put this disease, in terms of relevance for modern medicine on a par with diabetes, hypertension, asthma etc. That is, there is a need to find easily accessible markers that would determine the susceptibility to this disease. The aim of the study was to establish the differences in the skinfold thickness between healthy and/or psoriatic Ukrainian men depending on the severity of the disease without and taking into account the somatotype. For 32 Ukrainian men of the first mature age, patients with mild psoriasis and 68 men with severe psoriasis (according to the PASI index) were determined skinfold thickness according to Bunak and determined the somatotype according to the Heath-Carter scheme. The control group consisted of 82 healthy men of similar age, selected from the database of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. Statistical data processing was performed in the license package “Statistica 5.5” using non-parametric methods of evaluation of the obtained results. It was found that in patients with mild or severe psoriasis of men without division into somatotypes and in representatives of the mesomorphic somatotype compared to healthy men, the skinfold thickness is significantly higher at the lower angle of the scapula, abdomen and side, and significantly lower on the back and front of the shoulder, chest and thighs. When comparing the skinfold thickness between patients with mild or severe psoriasis of endo-mesomorphic somatotype with healthy men of similar somatotype, we found larger values of the skinfold thickness under the lower angle of the scapula (only with mild course), on the abdomen and side, and also smaller values of the skinfold thickness on the posterior surface of the shoulder and only in representatives with severe psoriasis – on the anterior surface of the shoulder, chest and thigh. Between patients with different degrees of severity of dermatosis both without distribution, and with distribution on various somatotypes of reliable or tendencies of differences of skinfold thickness are not revealed. Thus, there are pronounced differences in most indicators of the skinfold thickness between healthy and patients with mild or severe psoriasis of Ukrainian men of the first mature age, both without distribution and with the division into different somatotypes.
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Adhikari, Anup, and Keya Dash. "Somatotype of Santal Tribal Women of West Bengal in India." Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India 69, no. 1 (June 2020): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277436x20927229.
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Sixty-four Santal tribal women from Paschim Medinipur district, West Bengal, India, were studied for their somatotype. The studied women were with an average age of 32.5 ± 11.6 years with a wide age range of 16–70. Average height was 150.2 (±5.2) cm. Heath–Carter method (1967) was followed for somatotyping. Average somatotype of the studied Santal women was 3.9 (±1.5) – 4.1 (1.1) – 2.9 ± (1.7). A total of 16–20 year age group had an average somatotype of 3.7 (±1.0) – 3.3 (±0.7) – 3.4 (±1.5), whereas that of 21–30 had an average somatotype of 3.4 (±1.2) – 3.7 (±1.0) – 3.9 (±1.5). A total of 31–40 year age group were more mesomorphic with an average somatotype of 4.4 (±1.6) – 4.4 (±1.2) – 2.1 (±1.7). Mesomorphy component increased as the Santal women grew up. The women from age group 41 to 50 year had an average somatotype of 4.0 (±1.6) – 4.6 (±1.1) – 1.9 (±1.3), whereas that of older women of 51–70 year age group were more mesomorphic with an average value of 5.0 (±1.9) – 5.1 (±0.7) – 1.7 (±0.7). Thus, muscularity of the Santal women increased as age increased. This was due to their changed lifestyle from young age to older age where older had to do more physical work than the young adults. Thus, well-built muscular body type of Santal women was an adaptation for hard physical work for survival.
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Godinho, Mário, Isabel Fragoso, and Filomena Vieira. "Morphologic and Anthropometric Characteristics of High Level Dutch Korfball Players." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 1 (February 1996): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.1.35.
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In this study a morphologic and anthropometric characterisation of Dutch korfball players ( N = 36) is performed. Data, compared with those of other sports populations, showed that (1) korfball athletes are smaller and lighter than basketball and volleyball players but heavier and taller than other team-sport players; (2) korfball players have less relative body fat, more lean body mass, more limb fat, and less or similar trunk fat than the other athletes. (3) Male korfball players presented a somatotype (1.9–4.4–3.4) similar to endurance athletes and an endomorphic value lower than or similar to the other athletes. (4) The only apparent similarity between female korfball somatotype (3.2–4.0–2.8) and other athletes' somatotypes is the dominance of mesomorphy.
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Yoon, Mi Kyung, Yun Ja Nam, and Woong Kim. "Classifying male upper lateral somatotypes using space vectors." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 28, no. 1 (March 7, 2016): 115–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-03-2015-0043.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a method for defining and categorizing upper lateral somatotypes for clothing size systems used for clothing pattern creation based on directional angles of 3D space vectors. Design/methodology/approach – 3D data for 317 men in their twenties obtained from the fifth Size Korea survey were used in this study. Standard landmarks and surfaces were set on the 3D shapes, and six space vector angles of the lateral form were defined and measured. Relationships among the measurement results were clarified, and the results were compared with those obtained using existing classifying methods. Findings – The measurement of the defined directional angles indicated that the swayback type and bend-forward type had the two extreme values, and the straight type was between the two values. The analysis of the correlation between six directional angles indicated that some points in the lower area of the upper body had a high correlation with other points in the lower area. Researchlimitations/implications – The subjects of this study were limited to lateral somatotypes, and there is a need for future studies that focus on frontal somatotypes. This research is confined to the upper lateral somatotypes of men in their twenties. Further study is needed to extend the results of this study to other body types such as those of elderly and overweight persons. Practical implications – Major angle measurements quantified by the somatotypes can be specifically reflect in developing and revised to the right patterns which is spread body shell replica or individual pattern for MTM. Social implications – This objective somatotype analysis method can be involved in determining individual body somatotype of ordermade clothes or can provided the accurate information interactively to MTM automatic customized pattern making system. Originality/value – Accurate measurements of size, shape, and posture were applied and characterized to realize the process. Accuracy was improved compared to existing 2D analysis methods through three-dimensional analysis using directional space vector angles based on 3D forms.
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Monastyrskyi, V. M., and V. I. Pivtorak. "Somatotypological features of topographic kidney anatomy of patients without any kidney and urinary tract diseases." Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology, no. 30 (March 29, 2018): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/bba30-2018-08.
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The conducted analysis of modern literature shows that most of the establishednormative parameters of the placement of kidneys in healthy people have not beensufficiently studied, with researchers practically do not take into account the constitutionalfeatures of the organism. The purpose of the study was to determine the topographicanatomical position of the kidneys in the frontal, sagittal and horizontal planes on thebasis of MRI in patients of different somatotypes without any kidney and urinary tractdiseases. Complex examination of 65 patients of the first and second mature age ofdifferent somatotypes, which did not have kidney and urinary tract diseases, wasperformed. To determine the somatotype, we used the mathematical scheme forB.Heath and J.Carter (1990), with the definition of the endomorphic, mesomorphic andectomorphic components of the somatotype. The renal topography was conducted ona Philips Intera-1.5T magnetic resonance imaging (standard magnetic resonance protocolincluded scanning in sagittal, frontal, and axial projections to obtain T1 weighted imaging).The angles of inclination were measured in the frontal, sagital and horizontal planes tomeasure spatial position of the kidneys. The statistical analysis of the obtained resultswas carried out using the "STATISTICA 5.5" program, using parametric and non-parametricmethods for evaluating the obtained results. It was established that the angle ofinclination of the kidney on the right side in the frontal and sagittal planes was greater in1.23-1.41 times than in men and in women of representatives of all somatotypes. Theangle between the axis and the line drawn through the middle of the vertebral bodiesdid not statistically significantly change, depending on the somatotype, sex and on theside of the study in a horizontal plane. The angles of inclination of the kidney axis aredefined in three planes: the frontal, horizontal, and sagittal in the patients, with thekidney axis directed downwards outward and forward. Representatives of allsomatotypes differed statistically significantly the angles of inclination of the left axisfrom the right kidneys in the frontal and sagittal planes
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Rahmah, Zulfah, Defriani Dwiyanti, Iswanelly Mourbas, Eva Yuniritha, and Kasmiyetti. "Hubungan Somatotype dan Asupan Gizi Makro dengan Kebugaran Jasmani Atlet." Jurnal Gizi 9, no. 2 (November 6, 2020): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/jg.9.2.2020.189-200.
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Physical fitness is factor to achieve achievement. Based on data of PPLP West Sumatra in 2018 is 30.6% of athletes included in the category less. Some factors that affect fitness are somatotype and nutritional intake. Somatotypes and balanced nutritional intake will support better sports performance This research aims to determine the correlation between somatotype and macronutrient intake with physical fitness.This research was conducted using a cross sectional design. The sampling method using total sampling method with a sample of 37 people. The intake data collection method uses 3x24 hour food recall, the somatotype is determined by the Heart Carter method and the fitness uses a bleep test. The data were analyzed using Chi-square statisticaltests to see the correlation of somatotype with fitness and correlation pearson tests to see the correlation of macro nutrition intake with fitness. The results showed that the average fitness of athletes was 52.12 mL / kg / min. The results showed an average fitness value of 52.12 mL / kg / min and most were fit.. The average value of energy intake is 3471.71 kcal, protein intake of 88.50gr, fat intake is 97.02 gr, carbohydrate intake of 550.1 gr) water intake was 3253.54 ml and most of the intake is good except water. Bivariate results showed that there was no significant relationship between somatotype and fitness but there was a significant relationship between macro nutrient intake and fitness. Further research is needed to find out other factors that affectfitness.Keywords: Fitness; Somatotype; Macronutrient Intake
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Oleynik, E., and K. Bugaevsky. "FEATURES OF GENDER-RELATED SOMATOTYPES AND A RANGE OF ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICATORS IN FEMALE PARTNER ACROBATICS." Human Sport Medicine 20, no. 2 (July 13, 2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/hsm200203.
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Aim. The article aims to study somatic changes and a number of anthropometric indicators in gender-related somatotypes in “base” (in standing or lying position) and “flyer” acrobats. Materials and methods. Studies have been carried out to determine several anthropometric indicators and morphofunctional index values such as standing body length, upper and lower limb length, shoulder and pelvis width, sexual dimorphism index by J. Tanner & W. Marshall, body mass index. The experiment included 44 athletes in the period of puberty and adolescence engaged in female partner acrobatics. Research methods used: analysis of available scientific and methodological literature; mathematical processing of index values and the results obtained. Results. An analysis of the results showed significant differences in all anthropometric and morphofunctional values of the “base” and “flyer” acrobats. It was revealed that among the “base” acrobats there were no athletes with a gynecomorphic somatotype. Among the “base” acrobats, there was a predominance of female athletes with a mesomorphic somatotype – 18 (81.82%), while there were only 4 (18.18%) athletes with andromorphic somatotype. In “flyer” acrobats, there were mostly female athletes with a gynecomorphic somatotype – 19 (86.36%), 3 (13.64%) athletes were characterized by a mesomorphic somatotype, and there were no representatives of the andromorphic somatotype. Conclusion. Specialization and selection of “flyer” and “base” acrobats should be carried out taking into account not only the age difference between these athletes but also such anthropometric indicators as upper and lower limb length, shoulder and pelvis width and such morphofunctional index values as sexual dimorphism index and body mass index.
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Khairil-Shazmin, K., Siti Hajar R., Asma' A., H. M. Yusof, and W. M. Wan Abdul Manan. "Evaluation of somatotype, dietary intake and blood pressure among female students in Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Malaysia." Food Research 5, no. 2 (March 7, 2021): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(2).449.
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Somatotypes is a description of human anatomy, which provides a quantitative overview of physics as an integral whole. Normally it was presented in a three-number rating, in which each number represents a somatotype variable. The first number represents the component of endomorphy (relative fatness), the second number represents the component of mesomorphy (muscularity) and the last number represents the component of ectomorphy (relative linearity). Multiple investigations have shown the association between somatotype with nutrition and health status. This cross-sectional study on the somatotype component, dietary intake and health status have been conducted among ninety-two female UMT students. Somatotype was calculated using the Carter and Health method. Dietary consumption was assessed using the 24-hour dietary recall technique. While blood pressure was assessed by using standard procedure. Median somatotype score of respondents was (6.39, 4.27, 1.10) indicated that respondents were in mesomorphic endomorph category. By further classifying them into dominant somatotype categories, 74% of respondents were endomorph dominant, 14% mesomorph dominant and 12% ectomorph dominant. BMI of the respondent under normal category was 47.8%, followed by obese (21.7%), overweight (18.5%) and underweight (12%). Moreover, the energy intake of respondents was 1533 kcal/day with the median percentage of total energy contributed by macronutrients was 50.26% derived from carbohydrate, 33.46% from fat and 16.71% from protein. The highest fulfilments of micronutrients were vitamin A (89.44%), but vitamin C (29.74%), calcium (42.56%) and iron (37.95%) did not exceed 50% of RNI. However, sodium intake exceeded RNI by 123.36%. Furthermore, the majority of female students have normal blood pressure with (105.53±9.97/74.65±8.55) mm Hg. The relationship between endomorphy component with systolic blood pressure was (r = 0.253, p = 0.015) and ectomorphy component with systolic blood pressure was (- 0.259, p = 0.013). However, there were no relationships between somatotype components and nutrient intake found in this study.
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Miroshnichenko, Viacheslav M., Yuriy M. Furman, Oleksandra Yu Brezdeniuk, Victoria E. Onyshchuk, Natalia V. Gavrylova, and Svitlana V. Salnykova. "Correlation of maximum oxygen consumption with component composition of the body, body mass of men with different somatotypes aged 25-35." Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports 24, no. 6 (December 30, 2020): 290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2020.0603.
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Background and Study Aim: The somatotype determines not only physical development, but also the functional capabilities of the organism. Investigation of the correlation relations between the component of body and VO2 max will reveal the influence of each of the components on the aerobic capacity of men in the first period of mature age. The aim of the work – to detect the peculiarities of manifestation of maximum oxygen consumption of men with different somatotypes and to investigate the relationship with the component composition of the body.
Material and Methods: The study involved 150 men aged 25-35 years. The somatotype was determined by the Heath-Carter method. The component composition of the body was determined by the bioelectrical impedance method. The VO2 max indicator was determined, metered loads were performed on a bicycle ergometer. A correlation analysis of the absolute and relative VO2 max values with the fat and muscle components of the body was performed.
Results. A high degree of inverse correlation between the relative VO2 max indicator with body mass in men of mesomorphic somatotype was established and a high degree of inverse correlation between the relative VO2 max indicator with body mass and BMI in men of endomorphic-mesomorphic somatotype.
Conclusions: For representatives of the mesomorphic and endomorphic-mesomorphic somatotype, a larger body mass and a high degree of correlation between body mass and relative VO2 max indicator are characteristic. For representatives of the ectomorphic and balanced somatotype, a smaller body mass and a lower degree of correlation between body mass and relative VO2 max indicator max are characteristic.
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Chaika, H. V., D. G. Konkov, O. A. Taran, and B. O. Markevych. "Differences in anthropometric, somatotypological and components of body weight composition in teenager girls with primary dysmenorrhea." Reproductive Endocrinology, no. 57 (March 31, 2021): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2021.57.29-36.
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Research aim was to identify differences in anthropometric, somatotypological and components of body weight between the respective groups of healthy teenager girls and patients with primary dysmenorrhea. Identifying such relationships will identify risk groups for primary dysmenorrhea and prevent its occurrence in adolescent girls.Materials and methods. All materials presented in the article are part of the dissertation “Prognosis, diagnosis and prevention of primary dysmenorrhea in patients of pubertal age with different somatotypes.” Authors analyzed the indicators of 270 teenager girls, among which 200 persons were almost healthy and 70 patients with primary dysmenorrhea. For examination were used questionnaire-anamnestic method, measurement of anthropometric, somatotypological, components of body weight, ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs in two cycle phases and hormonal profile examination in the follicular and luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and statistical research methods. Results. Comparing anthropometric, somatotypological and components of body weight between the relevant (general or somatotype) groups of healthy girls and patients with primary dysmenorrhea, between the general group with primary dysmenorrhea and girls with primary dysmenorrhea of different somatotypes, as well as between patients with primary dysmenorrhea different somatotypes found significant differences (p <0.05) or tendencies of differences (p = 0.05) among total body size, body circumference, torso diameter, width of the distal epiphyses of the long tubular bones of the extremities, thickness of skin and fat folds, somatotype components, indicators of body weight composition.Conclusions. Medicine of the future will be preventive, aimed to identify predictors of pathology, factors influencing the development of nosology, and individual characteristics of teenage girls, which may lead to etiological and pathogenic impulse of clinical progression of primary dysmenorrhea. Therefore, the identification of prognostic markers of primary dysmenorrhea and formation of risk groups can improve not only life quality of a particular girl, but also the reproductive potential of nation.
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Gunas, Igor, Sergiy Prokopenko, and Marina Melnik. "Sonographic parameters of the pancreas and gall bladder in healthy men from Podillya region of Ukraine of different somatotypes." Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences 29, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cipms-2016-0019.
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Abstract In this work, we undertook a study of the sonographic parameters of the pancreas and gall bladder in healthy men with different somatotypes. The study-subjects were from the Podillya region of Ukraine. Herein, the majority of gallbladder dimensions (length, thickness, cross-sectional area and volume) in men type-classified as endo-mesomorphic, were significantly higher when compared with men in general and with those of the meso- and ecto-mesomorphic somatotype. Furthermore, the dimensions of the pancreas (width of head and tail length) in mesomorphic males were significantly higher than that of endo-mesomorphic males. The rest of the studied parameters (length, longitudinal cross section area of the gall bladder, the thickness of the head, body and head length, the width of the body and tail of the pancreas) in men of the different somatotypes have no significant differences.
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Loseva, Olga I., Elena N. Komissarova, Natalya R. Karelina, and Sergei N. Gaiducov. "Pregnancy outcomes in women of different body types in cervical insufficiency." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 9, no. 4 (December 15, 2018): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped9444-49.
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The rate of preterm birth remains high and has no downward trend, despite the introduction of new technologies. Isthmic-cervical insufficiency is one of the most important causes of premature birth. At the same time, many issues related to the prediction and treatment of isthmic-cervical insufficiency remain open. There is now a sufficient number of studies showing the relationship between somatotype, course and outcome of the disease. At the same time, stu dies related to the study of somatotypes in obstetric pathology are not enough.
The aim of the work is to assess the outcomes of pregnancy in women with isthmic-cervical insufficiency, taking into account the type of physique.
Materials and methods. the course and outcomes of pregnancy in 164 women with cervical insufficiency were studied. A computer somatotropina by R.N. Dorokhov all the best for measured strength of the pelvic floor muscles using a device pelvic muscle trainer.
Conclusions. The most frequently CI was found in women with mesosomatic and micro mesosomatic somatotype. Women macromesosomatic and micromesosomatic body types revealed low levels of muscle strength of the pelvic floor and a higher percentage of premature births. In groups macrosomy, macromesosomatic, microsomal body types often use different methods of correction CI. At the same time, the highest percentage of surgical correction of CI was observed in patients with macrosomatic type of physique. In other patients with different somatotypes, a non-surgical correction method was used.
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Smahliuk, Lyubov V., and Dmytro V. Sheshukov. "PECULIARITIES OF TEETH SIZE IN ADOLESCENTS WHO ARE DIAGNOSED TO HAVE ANGLE’S CLASS I MALOCCLUSION AND DISPLAY DIFFERENT SOMATOTYPES." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 5 (2019): 765–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201905108.
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Introduction: The issues on identifying criteria for teeth aesthetic and teeth size evaluation regarding body constitutional characteristics are still remaining undeveloped. The aim of this study was to specify the peculiarities of teeth size in adolescents who were diagnosed with Angle’s Class I malocclusion and display different somatotypes. Materials and methods: The study included 63 male and 66 female subjects diagnosed with Class I malocclusion by E. Angle classification (1906). Results: It has been determined that the 33rd tooth in hypersthenic female individuals is of a greater mesiodistal size than in normosthenic and asthenic body types (p <0.05). Left maxillary incisor in hypersthenic individuals is of a larger size than in asthenic and normosthenic (p <0,05). The normosthenic male individuals have been found out to have significantly larger size of all canines than that in the females (p <0,05). The asthenic male adolescents compared with females of the same somatotype there has been revealed the difference in the size of the left mandibular canine (p <0.05). The hypersthenic male adolescents demonstrate an increase in the size of the lateral maxillary incisors and the first right premolar (p <0,05) compared with those in female individuals of the same somatotype. Conclusions: Some peculiarities of mesiodistal size typical for adolescents with Angle’s Class I malocclusion and their somatotypes should be taken into account in treatment planning and maintaining the stability of orthodontic treatment results.
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V.A., Alekseeva, and Zolotaryov N.A. "CHARACTERISTICS OF BLOOD PARAMETERS OF YAKUT MEN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES DEPENDING ON THE SOMATOTYPE." “Educational bulletin “Consciousness” 22, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2686-6846-2020-22-11-45-49.
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The aim of the work was to identify the features of biochemical blood parameters of Yakut men with type 2 diabetes depending on the Rees-Eizenk somatotype. We examined 40 men of yakut nationality with an established diagnosis of "type 2 diabetes", aged 38 to 69 years (average age 57,4 years). The anthropometric study included measurements of body length, body weight, body circumference (chest circumference, waist and buttock circumference), and body diameters (transverse diameter of the chest, anterior-posterior diameter of the chest). The body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Somatotyping was performed using the Rees-Eizenk index. The index value of the examined men was divided into pyknic, normosthenic and asthenic somatotype. Data from the biochemical blood test were copied from the patients ' medical history. All laboratory tests were conducted in the clinical and diagnostic laboratory of the Yakut city clinical hospital. Statistical processing of the obtained scientific material was carried out by the method of variation statistics using the SPSS application software package for Windows (version 17,0). The analysis was performed using parametric and nonparametric statistics. An anthropometric study of men with type 2 diabetes found that half of the subjects were obese according to their body mass index. A somatotypological study on the Rees-Eizenk index found a predominance of individuals with a pyknical somatotype. Asthenic somatotype was not detected in the examined group. More pronounced deviations of biochemical parameters of the pyknic men's blood from the standard parameters were found. The data obtained indicate a greater susceptibility to the development of type 2 diabetes in men with a pyknical somatotype.
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SOH, Kim Geok, and Kim Lam SOH. "Somatotype and Body Fat Percentages among Malaysian Female Basketball Players." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2006): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.121149.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.This study sought to determine the somatotype and body fat content of elite Malaysian female basketball players. It also sought to differentiate the somatotype and body fat content by playing position - attack, centre and defence. The somatotype was determined using the Heath Carter Somatotyping method and the body fat content by the skinfold method. Twelve elite female basketball players who represented Malaysia in the 1997 SEA Games were selected as the subjects (mean age of 22.75±2.67 years). It was found that the players were predominantly meso-endomorphic with a mean somatotype of 4.49±1.20-3.45±0.77-2.91±0.89. The centre and defence players had meso-endomorphic bodies, but the attack players endo-mosomorphic bodies. The mean body fat content was 19.68%±4.93. The defence were the fattest, followed by the centre and attack players. Female American basketball players have a body fat content of 10 to 16% while the Malaysian players in this study 10% to 26%.本文旨在探討馬來西亞女子籃球選手的體型及體脂比例，並分析球員的位置，結果顯示：防守球員偏向接近肌肉型，脂肪比例平均為19.68%±4.93，對比美國籃球員而言，馬來西亞選手的體脂較高。
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Hazir, Tahir. "Physical Characteristics and Somatotype of Soccer Players according to Playing Level and Position." Journal of Human Kinetics 26, no. 1 (December 1, 2010): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10078-010-0052-z.
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Physical Characteristics and Somatotype of Soccer Players according to Playing Level and PositionThe purpose of this study was to assess the physical characteristics of soccer players according to playing level and position. A total of 305 professional male soccer players [Turkish Super League (SL) (n = 161) and Turkish First League (FL) (n = 144)] were involved in this study. All data were gathered at the beginning of preparatory period of mid-season. Height, weight, flexed and tensed upper arm and calf girths, humerus and femur biepicondylar breadths, and four skinfold thicknesses (triceps, subscapular, supraspinale, and medial calf) were measured. Somatotypes were estimated using the Heath-Carter method. SL players were older (p≥0.002), and heavier (p≥0.007) than FL players, while height (p ≤ 0.497) was similar between SL and FL groups. There were significant differences for BW (p≥=0.000), and height (p≥0.000) between playing positions. Goalkeepers were taller (p≥0.000), and heavier (p≥0.001) than other players. Midfielders were shorter (p≥0.013) than other players, however, they were lighter than forwards (p≥0.008). The mean somatotype of the overall players was 2.4-4.8-2.3 (0.9-0.8-0.7) in SL and was 3.0-4.5-2.6 (0.9-0.9-0.8) in FL. SL players were more mesomorphic (p≥0.01), less endomorphic (p≥0.000), and less ectomorphic (p≥0.001) than FL players. Except for goalkeepers, there were significant differences in paired means between whole somatotype means of the SL and FL according to playing positions. The results of the present study demonstrate that both physical characteristics and somatotype of players were significantly different between playing levels and positions. Although the somatotype of soccer players in both levels was dominated by the mesomorph category, players at the higher playing level were more mesomorphic, and less endomorphic and ectomorphic than players at the lower level at all playing positions.
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Vadzyuk, S. N., L. I. Horban, and I. Ya Papinko. "MAIN INDIVIDUAL AND TYPOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY IN YOUNG PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT SOMATOTYPE WITH NORMAL AND HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE." International Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 5, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2019.2.10609.
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Background. The individual and typological features of the central nervous system are interpreted as highly genetically determined. Each somatotype is characterized by morphofunctional features of the activity of different systems, including the circulatory system.
Objective. The aim of the research was to study the features of the main individual and typological parameters of higher nervous activity in persons of different somatotype with normal and high blood pressure (BP).
Methods. In the control group of the surveyed patients the BP value corresponded to the optimal level according to the WHO classification (125 people). The second group consisted of individuals, whose systolic blood pressure exceeded 130 mmHg at the time of the study and (or) diastolic – 85 mmHg (135 people). Somatotyping technique by Carter and Heath was used. Functional mobility (FMNP) and strength of nervous processes (SNP) were determined using the Diagnost-1 program (Makarenko and Lizogub).
Results. In the individuals with predominance of ecto- and mesomorphic somatotype component, higher levels of major nervous processes were reported in response to strenuous processing of information, which was associated with more advanced mechanisms of information processing, its neurophysiological support. In people with endomorphic somatotype the lower levels of FMNP and SNP were clearly detected that could indicate that the speed characteristics of the nervous processes in them are at a lower level.
Conclusions. In normal blood pressure, the highest indicator of FMNP was found in the individuals with predominance of ecto- and mesomorphic component. In the group with high blood pressure, the indicator at the level below the average was in endomorphs. Predominance of the ectomorphic component tended to increase in the surveyed, and in the mesomorphs was at the average level. The lowest level of SNP was found in the individuals with endomorphic somatotype of both groups.
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Kolokoltsev, Mikhail M. "Features of constitutional characteristics of young males aged of 17-20 years, natives of the Baikal region with regard to their functional groups of health." Hygiene and sanitation 95, no. 4 (October 28, 2019): 392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2016-95-4-392-396.
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The study of somatotypes of the constitution is an important point in planning of the improvements of measures among the population in various regions of Russia. The purpose of the work was to reveal features of age dynamics of somatotypes of the constitution in students of youthful age of the Baikal Region by means ofsomatotyping according to scheme by Nikityuk B. A. and Kozlova A.I (1990) with taking into account their functional group of health. There were examined 1286 Slavic young males, natives of the Irkutsk region, aged of 17-20 years, from them, according to data of the medical examination 996 were referred to the 1st (main) and 290 - to the 2nd (preparatory) functional group of health for physical exercises. There were established significant differences in somatotypes of the constitution in young men of the 1st and 2ndfunctional groups of health. In both functional groups there is noted a significant amount of young males with transitional somatotypes that testifies to incompleteness of growth processes of their organism. The obtained results of a somatotyping are used in the educational process for a training individualization on physical culture of students of IRGTU, and also in construction of independent physical - improving programs.
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Lee, Alex J. Y., and Wei-Hsiu Lin. "The Influence of Gender and Somatotype on Single-Leg Upright Standing Postural Stability in Children." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 23, no. 3 (August 2007): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.23.3.173.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of gender and somatotypes on single-leg upright standing postural stability in children. A total of 709 healthy children from different schools were recruited to measure the anthropometric somatotypes and the mean radius of center of pressure (COP) on a force platform with their eyes open and eyes closed. The results were that (a) girls revealed significantly smaller mean radius of COP distribution than boys, both in the eyes open and eyes closed conditions, and (b) the mesomorphic, muscular children had significantly smaller mean radius of COP distribution than the endomorphic, fatty children and the ectomorphic, linear children during the eyes closed condition. The explanation for gender differences might be due to the larger body weight in boys. The explanation for somatotype differences might be due to the significantly lower body height and higher portion of muscular profile in the mesomorphic children.
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Raschka, Christoph, and Jasmin Müller. "Sports anthropological and somatotypical comparison between male wrestlers and hapkidoin of different performance levels." Papers on Anthropology 26, no. 1 (July 4, 2017): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/poa.2017.26.1.04.
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The present study compares the anthropometry and somatotyping of n = 40 healthy male wrestlers (age range 15–37 years) and n = 40 Hapkidoin (age range 23–29 years) with respect to various performance categories.On average, the mean age of wrestlers was lower, compared to hapkidoin. The wrestlers of both performance classes are considerably smaller (mean height 170 cm) than the hapkidoin (high performance class 176.5 cm, lower performance class 180 cm). When comparing the weight classes of the wrestlers, the average body height increases continuously with increasing weight class in conjunction with most other anthropometric parameters.In the chessboard pattern graphic to Conrad, the hapkidoin appear rather moderately pyknomorphic as well as slender, the wrestlers are moderately leptomorphic and metrosome as well as smaller.In Parnell’s somatochart, the wrestlers have an average somatotype of 5 – 3 – 3, the hapkidoin of 5 – 3 – 4. In the somatochart of Heath & Carter, an average somatotype of 6 – 3 – 2 is shown for both combat sport collectives, whereby the wrestlers tend to the endomorphic axis.
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Pashkova, I. G. "Body Mass Index and Fat Content in Women with Different Somatotypes in the North." Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology 9, no. 4 (January 18, 2021): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2020-9-4-63-69.
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The aim of the study was to detect the age-related variability of the body mass index and the variability of fat deposition in a random sample of women belonging to different constitutional groups and somatotypes, permanent residents of the Republic of Karelia.Material and methods. A comprehensive somatometric examination of women (n=905) was performed applying classical technique and a standardized set of instruments. The body mass index and its component composition were calculated using anthropometric formulas. I. B. Galanta – B.A. Nikityuk – V.P. Chtetsova technique was used to determine somatotype of the women. The results obtained were statistically processed using STATISTICA 6.0 program.Results. The analysis demonstrated a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in women of the Republic of Karelia in the second mature and old age periods, which was manifested by the maximum values of the thickness of skin and fat folds, absolute and relative fat mass. Regardless of age, the megalosomal constitutional type was found with a high frequency, with an age-related increase in the proportion of people with the euriplastic somatotype. There were revealed somatotypological differences in the age dynamics of the body mass index and the content of the fat component in women. The values of the body mass index and fat component exceeding the norm were determined in the representatives of euriplastic and pyknic somatotypes over several age periods.Conclusion. The results obtained can be used to analyze the level of physical development of the population, these findings should be taken into account when comprehensively assessing health, risk factors for metabolic diseases for their timely detection, correcting the diet, mode of nutrition, physical activity and providing population with preventive information.
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Casanueva, Esther, Laura Magaña, and Tania Cárdenas. "Evaluation of Weight for Height: Validation of a Visual Scale." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 13, no. 4 (December 1991): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659101300410.
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The design and validation of an instrument for use in programmes for the detection of alterations in the nutrition status of non-pregnant, non-lactating women of fertile age is described. A group of 150 non-pregnant, non-lactating women was studied to classify them in one of Sheldon's five somatotypes according to the visual perception of a trained observer, as well as a self-classification by each woman. Also, the percentage of weight for height for each somatotype was estimated. The sensitivity and specificity of the cut-off points for the percentage of weight for height were calculated in an independent group of 105 women and were found acceptable.
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Zabulienė, Lina, Jurgita Urboniene, and Janina Tutkuvienė. "Body composition of lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome." Anthropological Review 76, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2013-0018.
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Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most frequent endocrine and metabolic disorders in reproductive age women, and it is related to changes in body size, shape and composition. Anthropometric somatotype is a quantitative description of the individual’s body shape and composition classified as endomorphy, mesomorphy or ectomorphy. Since PCOS somatotype has never previously been studied, here we evaluate body shape and composition phenomena in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome and assess relationships with metabolic parameters. The study of 20-35 year-old women was carried out at the Department of Anatomy, Histology and Anthropology at Vilnius University. Standard anthropometric instruments and methods were used, and J. Matiegka’s equations calculated skeletal mass, skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue and muscles and internal organs. In addition, Heath - Carter’s somatotypes were computed, and the participants’ glucose, insulin, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin and lipid levels were established. We analysed data from 120 women with a mean age of 27.30 ± 3.68 years. Lean women with PCOS had greater skeletal mass by 0.47 kg (p<0.05, Cohen’s d=1.14), greater skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue mass by 2.79 kg (p<0.05, Cohen’s d=6.07) and lower muscle mass by 1.47 kg (p<0.05, Cohen’s d=2.84) compared to control women (p<0.05). The mean PCOS somatotype ratio was 4.96-4.38-3.00 (SD 1.50-1.26-1.11). This classified women with PCOS as mesomorphic endomorphs, in contrast to healthy women who were endomorphic mesomorphs. The PCOS subjects’ skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue and endomorphy/mesomorphy somatotype positively correlated with insulin levels and the HOMA-IR. It was established that lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome had a mesomorphic endomorph somatotype and higher skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue mass, but less muscle mass than healthy lean women. In addition, skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue positively correlated with insulin level and HOMA-IR in lean PCOS women.
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Drywień, Małgorzata E., Joanna Frąckiewicz, Magdalena Górnicka, Beata Ważna, Paulina Zielińska, Katarzyna Wójcik, and Stanisław Kulik. "Somatotype, diet and nutritional status of women." Anthropological Review 80, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 393–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anre-2017-0028.
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AbstractThe relationship between energy value and nutrients intake and the body shape and size parameters (weight, height, waist and hip circumferences) has become an interesting research area for nutritionists and dieticians. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the body shape and size parameters (weight, height, waist and hip circumferences), somatotype (according to the Rohrer (RI) index) and energy value and nutrients intake of women. The study was conducted in 2014 and 2016 on 148 female volunteers aged 57-88 from the Mazovian and Lublin province (Poland). Sample selection was targeted at elderly people with different body types. The exclusion criteria were: multi-organ failure, cancer and disability. Then among the subjects, a survey was conducted, that included demographic data, lifestyle, health status and vitamins and minerals supplements use. Food intake has been assessed using a 3-day dietary food records. The somatotype was determined using the RI with the Curtis key, classifying the subjects as ectomorphic (n=30), mesomorphic (n=31) and endomorphic (n=87). The somatotype was significantly related to place of residence, physical activity, waist and hip circumference, WHR and BMI index, total protein intake, animal protein intake, vitamin E intake (p≤0.05) and to fat, phosphorus and thiamine intake (p≤0.1). The obtained results showed that the place of residence, physical activity, chronic diseases, the use of specialized diet, body weight fluctuations, BMI and WHR were different depending on the somatotype in the examined group of women. Endomorphic subjects had significantly greater waist and hip circumference and diastolic blood pressure compared to the other somatotypes. The somatotype had only a significant effect on total protein, animal protein and vitamin E intake, and ectomorphic elderly women may be particularly susceptible to nutrient deficiencies. Due to the risk of macronutrient, vitamin and mineral deficiencies in the diets of the examined women, it seems necessary to educate this group as well as caregivers and doctors in the area of nutrition adapted to the needs of the elderly.
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Cherkasova, L. A. "Differences of correlations of echometric dimensions of the uterus in different phases of the menstrual cycle with constitutional parameters of the body in practically healthy young women of ecto- and mesomorphic somatotypes." Biomedical and Biosocial Anthropology, no. 32 (September 20, 2018): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/bba32-2018-09.
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The success of the solution to the problem of treatment and prevention of obstetric-gynecological pathology largely depends on the extent to which the relationship between the sonographic sizes` of the uterus and the ovaries with the constitutional parameters of the body will be fully and systematically studied. The purpose of the work is to establish differences in correlations of ultrasonic sizes of the uterus in different phases of the menstrual cycle (MC) with anthropo-somatotypological parameters of the body of practically healthy young women of ecto- and mesomorphic somatotypes. Primary indices of sonographic sizes of the uterus, as well as anthropometric and somatotypological parameters in 78 healthy urban young women of Podillia with duration of MC 28 days were obtained from the data bank of the research center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya. In a sonographic study in different phases of the MC, the length and width of the body, the length of the neck and the anterior-posterior size (thickness) of the uterus were measured for its largest size, as well as the thickness of the endometrium and myometrium. According to Bunak V. V. scheme anthropometric survey was conducted. The evaluation of the somatotype was carried out using the Carter-Heath mathematical scheme. According to the formulas of J. Matiegka fat, bone and muscle mass components are determined, and according to the American Institute of Nutrition, the muscular component of the body mass. The analysis of the correlations of the obtained results was carried out in the licensed package “Statistica 6.1” with the use of nonparametric statistics of Spearman. In young women with mesomorphic somatotype, regardless of the phase of MC, in most cases, there are numerous, mostly direct, reliable and unreliable mean strength correlations between the linear size of the uterus, the length of the cervix and the thickness of the myometrium, and most of the total and longitudinal dimensions of the body, as well as between the length of the body of cervix and the width of the distal epiphyses of the upper limb, the majority of the lower limbs girth, the thickness of the skin-fat folds on the lower extremity, and practically all the components of the body weight by Matiegka. In young women with ectomorphic somatotype, regardless of the phase of the MC, numerous, mostly direct, reliable average forces and strong and unreliable mean strength connections between all echometric dimensions of the uterus and all total, most of the longitudinal dimensions of the body (with the exception of the thickness of the endometrium), the width of the distal epiphysis forearm, most of the girth dimensions, shoulder width and muscle mass components of the body using the Matiegka method and the American Institute of Nutrition are set. Attention is drawn to the average strength, mostly reliable, feedback correlations regardless of the MC phase, between all echometric dimensions of the uterus and the ectomorphic component of the somatotype. So, between young women of meso- and ectomorphic somatotypes set differences of numerous connections of the sonographic parameters of the uterus with anthropo-somatotypological indices. In young women of mesomorphic somatotype in the follicular phase of the MC, the ovulation phase, and the luteal phase of the MC, the number and strength of the connections of the sonographic sizes of the uterus with anthropomorphic somatotypological parameters is lower than that of the representatives of the ectomorphic somatotype.
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KAMIONKA, AGATA, ELZBIETA GRZYWACZ, and MARIUSZ LIPOWSKI. "Somatotypes of athletes with physical disabilities and the type of activity they undertake." Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity 12, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.12.3.05.
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Background: The issue of scientific measurement of somatotypes of athletes with physical disabilities and the type of physical activity undertaken by them is poorly documented in the literature. The aim of the study is to determine what type of body composition is characteristic of athletes with physical disabilities, engaging in various types of physical activity, such as swimming, sitting volleyball and weight lifting. Material and methods: Sixty men, aged 20-30, were qualified for the study. Each study participant had a motor dysfunction and was in intellectual norm. For the research protocol, Sheldon’s typology in Heath and Carter modification was used. Results: The group of men with physical disabilities practicing swimming regularly had the advantage of endomorphic and mesomorphic components. A similar distribution of components in the somatotype was demonstrated by men playing sitting volleyball. Men lifting weights clearly showed the dominance of the mesomorphic component and, to a small extent, the share of the ectomorphic and endomorphic components. Conclusions: A properly calculated somatotype allows disabled athletes to learn about body composition components and to train and develop more effectively in a particular physical activity.
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Erkudov, V. O., A. P. Pugovkin, A. Ja Volkov, O. I. Musaeva, and P. A. Zhivtsova. "Constitutional diversity in the dimensions of internal organs of teenagers." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 64, no. 2 (May 15, 2019): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2019-64-2-94-99.
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The anatomical dimensions of the internal organs are relatively stable and constitutionally determined. The connection between the somatotype and the size of the internal organs in adolescents - boys and girls - remains virtually unexplored. So, the purpose of this work is to compare the size of the internal organs separately in the group of young men and girls with lepto-, meso-and hypersome somatotype. The study involved 421 teenagers aged from 13 to 17 years: 225 boys and 196 girls. Their somatotypes were determined according to the patented method of V.A. Melnik, I.I. Salivon, N.I. Polina, and the sizes of abdominal organs and thyroid gland were determined using ultrasound morphometry. Their comparisons revealed the mosaic distribution of differences in the size of internal organs in children with different types of constitution. The authors discussed possible reasons of this difference: a methodological error in visualizing the size of internal organs, the influence of thyroid hormones, general biological and evolutionary factors, and the effect of narrow (in terms of gender and age) selection of the subjects. Thus, an orientation towards the constitutional features of the organism as a factor influencing the results of ultrasound examination of internal organs should be optional until the mechanisms and structure of these features are clarified in detail.
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Sakibaev, Kyialbek Sh, Dmitry B. Nikityuk, Aiperi A. Alimbekova, Nurbek M. Mamashov, Ravshanbek M. Dzhumaev, and Gulay T. Dzholdosheva. "Constitutional Characteristics of Physical Development in the Kyrgyz Population." BIO Web of Conferences 29 (2021): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20212901011.
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Personalized medicine is one of the priorities of the development of modern medical science. The aim of this study was to identify somatotypological features of physical development in men and women of the Kyrgyz population. The physical status of 1083 men and women in the Kyrgyz population (Osh, Kyrgyzstan) was studied by the method of complex anthropometry and somatotyping. The whole complex of the conducted anatomical and anthropometric examinations corresponded to generally accepted ethical standards, with the registration of informed consent from all the examined persons. The statistical analysis included the calculation of the arithmetic mean of the indicators of their mistakes. The differences were evaluated using the Student’s method at p<0.05. The results show that among women of youth and mature age, representatives of hypersthenic and normosthenic body types predominate; women of asthenic type are a minority (classification of M. V. Chernorutsky). Women of indeterminate somatotype (scheme of I. B. Galant et al.) belong either to the normal or hypersthenic type and never to the asthenic type. In men, the abdominal somatotype corresponds to a hypersthenic, thoracic-asthenic physique; men of the muscular type-mainly normosthenics; men of indeterminate type are both hypersthenics and normosthenics. The obtained data, undoubtedly, have not only theoretical, but also significant practical significance.
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SOH, Kim Geok, Ruby HUSAIN, and Kim Lam SOH. "Physical Characteristics of Malaysian Netball Players in Relation to Playing Skill." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2007): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.131823.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
This study sought to document the physical characteristics of top Malaysian netball players by their playing skill. The variables measured were age, height, body mass, body fat and somototype. Thirty-two national players (mean age 18.19 ± 3.86 years) were assessed, divided into three groups by their playing skill (senior/elite, junior and reserve). The body fat content was determined by the skinfold method and their somatotype using the Heath Carter Somatotyping method. There were no significant differences in the physical characteristics between the players by playing skill. The players were predominantly ecto-endomorphic with a mean somatotype of 6.12±1.42 - 2.38±1.05 - 2.71±1.38. Their height and body mass were 170.80±4.61 cm and 64.44±7.46 kg, respectively. Female national Australian and English netball players had a body fat of 28.90±3.50% (Wither & Roberts, 1981) and 24.50±3.90% (Bale & Hunt, 1986) respectively, while the Malaysian players in this study 24.50 ± 5.13%.
本文旨在探討馬來西亞女子投球選手的身體特徵與技術，並與同類研究進行比較及分析。
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Kaplan, Defne Öcal, and İbrahim Yıldıran. "Comparison of Somatotype Characteristics and Anthropometric Proportional Relations of Elite Wrestlers Between Styles and Weights." Journal of Education and Training Studies 6, no. 6 (May 25, 2018): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i6.3103.
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In this paper, comparison of somatotype characteristics and anthropometric proportional relations of elite wrestlers at the level of styles and weights and, contribution to improvement and orientation of sport is aimed. 57 elite wrestlers took place in the European Championship Preparatory Camp of Turkish National Adults Wrestling Team (31 greco-roman style with 7 light weight, 14 medium weight and 10 heavy weight –with av. height: 168.9 cm. and av. weight: 81.1 kg.; 26 free style with 8 light weight, 12 are medium weight and 6 heavy weight –with av. height: 173.0 cm. and av. weight: 87.9 kg), analyzed in this study. As a result of anthropometric measurements, there are no meaningful differences between free style and greco-roman elite wrestlers both in style and weigh. Wrestlers, as evaluated in somatotype, free and greco-roman styles are characterized as endomorphic mesomorphy, lightweight wrestlers are measured as balanced mesomorphy, medium-weight wrestlers are found endomorphic mesomorphy and heavy-weight wrestlers are characterized as endomorphic mesomorphy. Meaningful difference have found between weights. In spite of there is no differentiate effect of styles for wrestlers, partake in the similar training, nutrition and competition programs from childhood, weight, leaning on differentiates of somatotypes in the frame of the components like height, weight, length of bust and arm etc., emanates differences.
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Pantovic Marko, Marko Joksimovic, Brkic Boris, Gladysheva Anna, Karisik Sinisa, and Alejandro Martinez-Rodríguez. "Body Composition and Somatotype in Elite Handball Players." International Journal of Physical Education, Fitness and Sports 8, no. 4 (October 29, 2019): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/ijpefs19410.
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As the main objective, this research work had to compare pre and post complex training effects on body composition in elite handball players in the Spanish 2nd Division. Eleven players were included in the study. Six of them formed an experimental group, and 5 of them the control group. They have undergone the complex training session which was done once a week. The following parameters were analyzed: BMI (Body Mass Index), somatotype, FM (Fat Mass), MM (Muscle mass), RM (Residual Mass), WHR (Waist to Hip Ratio), BM (Bone Mass). The results have shown that there was a not statistically significant difference after the 6 – week program neither in body composition and somatotypes. Since this program did not have a big influence on body composition we could say that complex training influences body composition should be further researched.
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Raschka, Christoph, and Victoria Heppenheimer. "Sports anthropological and somatotypical comparison between female wrestlers and hapkidoin of different performance levels." Papers on Anthropology 25, no. 2 (December 21, 2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/poa.2016.25.2.05.
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The present study compares the anthropometry and somatotyping of 13 healthy female wrestlers (age range 15–26 years) and 30 hapkidoin (age range 20–44 years) of various performance categories.The hapkidoin of higher performance levels are 5 cm larger on average than the wrestlers and the hapkidoin of the lower class. In almost all circumferences the wrestlers achieve higher values than the Hapkidoin. For most circum ferences and skinfolds, significantly higher values in the higher weight classes are observed in the wrestlers. The BMI of all examined athletes is in the normal range. In the constitution typology after Conrad (1963), the wrestlers appear to be leptomorph-metroplastical, the hapkidoin appear to be leptomorph-hypoplastical.In the Cartesian coordinate system after Knußmann, the representatives of both martial arts disciplines are macrosom and superleptomorph, i.e. muscular, tall and slender. In the somatochart after Heath & Carter (1967), the average type of the hapkidoin is 7 – 2 – 2, that of the wrestlers is 6 – 1 – 2. These somatotypes are much stouter and less muscular than the martial arts somatotypes in the study of Gualdi-Russo et al. (1993). From this observation we can infer a considerable development potential of the examined sportswomen in our study.
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Caballero-Ruíz, Alejandra, Claudia E. Carrasco-Legleu, Lidia G. De León, Ramón Candia-Luján, and Briseidy Ortiz-Rodríguez. "Somatotipo de mujeres futbolistas universitarias por posición en el terreno de juego (Somatotype of university female soccer players by playing position on the field)." Retos, no. 36 (February 20, 2019): 228–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v36i36.63840.
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El objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracterizar el somatotipo en una muestra de futbolistas universitarias de una institución del norte de México, de acuerdo a su posición en el terreno de juego y compararlo contra el somatotipo de un equipo homólogo latinoamericano. Participaron 19 jugadoras de futbol soccer pertenecientes al equipo representativo de una Universidad del norte de México en la temporada competitiva. Las jugadoras fueron clasificadas por su posición en el campo, en tres categorías: defensas, medias y delanteras. Se determinó el somatotipo a partir de 10 variables antropométricas de acuerdo al método Heath & Carter y se comparó con un referente de jugadoras universitarias campeonas en su país pertenecientes a la Pontificia Universidad de Valparaíso (PUCV). La categoría general de las jugadoras universitarias fue endomorfo – mesomorfico con un somatotipo 4.3-3.6-2.0, y con una distancia somatotipica (SAD) entre grupos mayor a una unidad del referente homologo. Las jugadoras evaluadas presentaron un somatotipo similar por posición de juego con un SAD menor a 1, las defensas y medias fueron endomorfo-mesomorfico, mientras que las delanteras endomorfo-mesomorfo. En el grupo evaluado no existieron diferencias significativas por posición de juego, por lo que se hubiera esperado diferencias por las exigencias dentro del terreno de juego. El componente de adiposidad relativa resultó dominante en la muestra evaluada respecto al referente utilizado en el presente estudio, lo que podría ser un factor que influya en el rendimiento deportivo.Abstract: The aim of the present study was to characterize the somatotype of a sample of university female soccer players from an institution in the north of Mexico according to their position on the field, and to compare them against the somatotype of a similar team from Latin America. A total of 19 soccer players from the university representative team participated in the study, developed during the competitive season. The players were classified in three categories based on their position on the field: defenses, midfielders, and forwards. Anthropometric somatotypes were determined using 10 variables according to the Heath & Carter method, and they were compared with those of athletes from the Pontifical University of Valparaíso (PUCV), who are champions in their country. The overall category of the players evaluated was mesomorphic endomorph with a 4.3-3.6-2.0 somatotype, with a difference bigger than 1 unit in the somatotype distance (SAD) with the PUCV reference team. The evaluated players have a similar somatotype according to their position, where SAD does not show bigger difference than 1. Defenses and midfielders presented mesomorphic-endomorph, whereas forwards mesomorph-endomorph somatotype. In the evaluated group, there were no significant differences by position on the field, which is unexpected considering the different requirements of the game per position. The relative adiposity component proved to be dominant in the players from our sample compared to the reference team, which could be a factor that influences sport performance.
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Kucherenko, O., G. Chaika, and O. Masik. "Significance of anthropo-somatotypological parameters in pubertal age girls in the prediction of abnormal uterine birth." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 25, no. 1 (March 27, 2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2021-25(1)-01.
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Annotation. The harmony of body proportions is one of the criteria for evaluating the development and state of health. The constitutional features of the physique become apparent from the early stages of child development: it has become especially evident in puberty life. The tendency to a particular body type is determined by heredity of the child, but seen and fixed it under the influence of environmental factors. As they grow older, the body's constitutional characteristics are fixed and occur in a relatively stable variations of the normative development of the body, called body types. To some extent, the type of Constitution of the child can be determined in 7-8 years and quite accurately – from 11-12 years old. It was found that the study of anthropo-somatic-typological indicators allows to refine diagnostic criteria in the study of menstrual function, which allows more precisely to approach the issue of early detection of risk groups and thus facilitate the prediction of diseases of the internal genital organs. The aim of the study was to predict the development of abnormal uterine bleeding in girls of puberty age of different somatotypes by studying the laws of anthropo-somatotropic parameters of the body. We used anthropometric, somatotyping and statistical methods of research. Surveyed 288 girls of youthful age. The first group consists of 58 girls from AMK, control group of 230 healthy girls of the same age. Nits on the base of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, we carried out a complete clinical and instrumental examination. Morphotype girls was determined by the method of clinical anthropometry for Sheldon. Obtained data were analyzed using the program “STATISTICA 5.5” (owned by CNIT National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, license №AXXR910A374605FA) using nonparametric methods of estimation of the obtained results. We have studied the peculiarities of anthropo-somatotropic parameters in adolescents with abnormal uterine bleeding to predict this nosology and preservation of reproductive health of women in the future. It was found that ectomorphic somatotype is present in 46.60% of girls with AMC, mesomorphic – in 31%, ectomosomorphic – in 22.40%, and endomorphic – in 0.0% (p<0.01).
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Sarafinyuk, L. A., L. V. Fomina, V. O. Khavtur, L. Ia Fedoniuk, O. P. Khapitska, and I. S. Stefanenko. "Features of total body sizes and anthropometric torso sizes in female volleyball players of mesomorphic somatotype." Reports of Morphology 24, no. 3 (September 27, 2018): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2018-24(3)-05.
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Determination of constitutional parameters that are inherent in highly skilled athletes of a particular sport can serve as reliable predictive markers during sport selection. But the last time an indisputable fact is the somatotypological conditionality of individual sizes that characterize the external structure of the body, and the visceral structures of the organism. The purpose of the work is to establish differences in the anthropometric dimensions between young women volleyball players of high level of athletic skill and non-sports young women belonging to the mesomorphic somatotype. On the base of the research center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, we conducted an anthropo-somatotypological study of 127 female volleyball players of youth age (from 16 to 20 years) with a high level of athletic skill. Sports experience in all cases was greater than 3 years. From the database of research center of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University was selected 140 practically healthy young women of the same age who were not engaged in sports. Anthropometric measurements were carried out using the method of V.V. Bunak (1941), somatotypological research – according to the estimated modification of the Heath-Carter method (1990). After the conducted somatotyping, it was found that 29 volleyball players and 33 non-sports young women belonged to the mesomorphic type of constitution. The analysis of the obtained results is carried out in the licensed package of Statistica 5.5 using nonparametric methods of evaluation of indicators. In the volleyball players of the mesomorphic somatotype, compared to young women who are not engaged in sports of the same constitutional type, we have found a significantly larger length of the body, the mass and area of the body surface, the height of the suprasternal, pubic, shoulder anthropometric points, chest cords, transverse mid and lower chest and sagittal middle-thigh diameters, intervertebral distance of the pelvis and its external conjugates. Relatively smaller in female volleyball players of mesomorphic type of physique was the thickness of the skin-fat folds under the shoulder blade. One can conclude that within the same somatotype there are significant changes in the anthropometric parameters, in particular total body and longitudinal, transverse, front and rear body dimensions, which is affected by the body of modern young women volleyball players with mesomorphic somatotype, under the influence of intensive loads.
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Pradas, Francisco, Ana de la Torre, Luis Carrasco, Diego Muñoz, Javier Courel-Ibáñez, and José Antonio González-Jurado. "Anthropometric Profiles in Table Tennis Players: Analysis of Sex, Age, and Ranking." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020876.
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Table tennis has recently evolved towards a more spectacular sport increasing match-play demands and the intensity and speed of actions by regulations and equipment modification. Since these changes can alter the body composition and performance, this study aimed to analyze the differences in anthropometric attributes of 495 table tennis players (288 men, 207 women) according to sex, age, and ranking. Players were classified according to sex, age categories (Senior, Under-18, Under-15, Under 13, and Under 11), and ranking position. Anthropometry measurements included eight skinfolds’ thicknesses (biceps brachii, triceps, subscapular, iliac crest, supraspinal, abdominal, thigh, and medial calf), four girths (biceps brachii relaxed and contracted, thigh, and calf), and three breadths (biepicondylar femur, biepicondylar humerus, and bistiloyd wrist) to determine fat mass, lean mass, bone, cross sectional area (CSA) for arm, leg, and thigh, and somatotype. Results revealed that table tennis players presented differences in body mass composition, anthropometry, and somatotype according to sex and age category and ranking. It seems confirmed that regular table tennis practice during the childhood is associated with a healthy body composition status, that appears to be maintained across older ages if keeping the practice. Senior table tennis players showed a fat mass <20% and lean mass ~45% in men and ~37% in women. A new contribution is that higher lean mass in the upper limbs was associated with higher ranking position (i.e., better performance), endomorphic somatotypes were negative related to performance, and ectomorphic profiles seems more effective, which suggest the potential influence of morphologic changes in table tennis competition performance.
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Klochkova, S. V., I. V. Pogonchenkova, E. A. Rozhkova, N. T. Alexeeva, D. B. Nikityuk, and A. G. Kvaratskheliya. "Features of the Fat Component of the Body of Girls Depending on the Constitutional Specifics." Journal of Anatomy and Histopathology 7, no. 2 (July 3, 2018): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2225-7357-2018-7-2-34-38.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the study is to obtain quantitative data on the absolute and relative content of the body fat component in girls of different constitutional groups living in the Moscow region. Material and methods. The content of body fat in 722 girls, students, residents of Moscow and Moscow region, representatives of the Slavic ethnos was determined by the method of bioimpedance measurements. Thickness of subcutaneous fat folds was determined by the method of caliperometry. The result of the anthropometric survey identified the presence of asthenic, stenoplastic somatotype (leptosomic constitution), endomorph, mesoplastic somatotypes (mesosomic constitution), athletic, subatellite and europlastic somatotypes (megalosomic constitution). Results. In the studied population, regardless of age, is dominated by girls mesosomic (32.5-39.0%) and megalosomic (31.5-33.3%) groups, several less commonly detected women leptosomic (the 18.6-24.3%) and unspecified (9.1-11.7%) of the constitutions. Thickness of subcutaneous fat folds is dominated by girls mesosomic constitution, and has a minimum value when leptosomic. The absolute content of the fat mass is also smaller when leptosomic constitution. In 20 years the thickness of subcutaneous fat folds, as well as the absolute content of body fat mass in mesosomic, megalosomic and uncertain constitution mainly increases, and the girls leptosomic body almost does not change. Conclusion. The studies have shown a significant impact of the constitutional affiliation of girls on the severity of their fat component, which was proved by both caliper measurement and as a result of bioimpedance studies. Age-related changes in the fat content of the body are also associated with the constitutional type.