Journal articles: 'Somerset (england), history'

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Cleve, George Van. "Somerset's Caseand Its Antecedents in Imperial Perspective." Law and History Review 24, no. 3 (2006): 601–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s073824800000081x.

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James Somerset was taken from Africa as a slave to the Americas in 1749. He was sold in Virginia to Charles Steuart, a Scottish merchant and slave trader in Norfolk who served after 1765 as a high-ranking British customs official. In 1769, Steuart took Somerset with him to England. After two years in England, Somerset escaped from Steuart, but was recaptured. Steuart decided to sell Somerset back into slavery in Jamaica, and, in late November 1771, Somerset was bound in chains on a ship on the Thames, theAnn and Mary, awaiting shipment.

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Harris, Cheryl I. "“Too Pure an Air:” Somerset’s Legacy From Anti-slavery to Colorblindness." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 13, no. 2 (March 2007): 439–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v13.i2.6.

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Canonical cases like Somerset v. Stewart resonate beyond their particular historical context because they change or crystallize critical legal and political debates. Analyzing the legacy of such cases is a complex task, fraught not only with the difficulties attendant to knowing history, but also with the conundrum of reading the past through the present. Somerset's Case has left particularly complicated legacies, partly because of its influence on both sides of the Atlantic. Of course, English law has always shaped American legal doctrine. But because the question at the heart of the case entailed the status of a slave-James Somerset-whose master had brought him to England from the Americas, the transatlantic character and significance of the decision was embedded within the facts of the case itself. Adjudicating the controversy in Somerset required negotiating slavery as a transnational enterprise immersed in multiple bodies of law. Part of the challenge in assessing Somerset then is, that from its inception, it was a case that had multiple audiences and legal trajectories-speaking both directly and implicitly to the issue of slavery and freedom, in England and in the colonies. Given this complex history, it is fair to say that there never was a singular legacy of the case, and certainly not one that can be articulated now. Rather, there are multiple and conflicting trajectories which culminate in the case, becoming one of the most significant in both American and English law.

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Hulsebosch, Daniel J. "Nothing But Liberty: Somerset's Case and the British Empire." Law and History Review 24, no. 3 (2006): 647–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248000000821.

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George Van Cleve places Somerset's Case squarely in the middle of Britain's imperial history. It belongs there. After clarifying the “narrow” holding in the case—that Charles Stewart could not forcibly remove James Somerset from England—Van Cleve argues that Chief Justice Mansfield and his Court of King's Bench “creat[ed] a new legal framework for slavery” and “did so quite knowingly at the price of undercutting the legal, economic and moral basis of slavery as an institution throughout the Atlantic Empire.” This argument that Somerset's Case transformed slavery law throughout the British Empire rests on three claims. First, Van Cleve views Somerset's Case as an imperial conflict of laws case because it involved a conflict between the laws of two royal territories, England and Virginia. Second, Van Cleve contends that Mansfield intended the decision and his remarks accompanying it about the positive law foundation of slavery to have abolitionist effects. Finally, these two points are related: Mansfield drew a distinction “between English and colonial law on slavery” in order to undermine slavery across the empire.

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Shaffrey, Ruth. "The Movement of Ideas in Late Iron Age and Early Roman Britain: An Imported Rotary Quern Design in South-Western England." Britannia 50 (May 7, 2019): 393–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x19000114.

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ABSTRACTIn 2012, a complete upper stone of a rotary quern with a projecting lug for a vertical handle was found at Hinkley Point in Somerset, south-western England. It is the first late Iron Age to early Roman period quern of this form to be found in England. This note describes its form in detail and discusses its closest parallels in north-eastern Ireland, south-western Scotland, Wales, Isle of Man and Spain. It shows how thin-section analysis demonstrates the quern to have been locally made in Somerset and discusses the movement of ideas about quern design during the late Iron Age to early Roman period.

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Holstun, Jim. "Utopia Pre-Empted: Kett's Rebellion, Commoning, and the Hysterical Sublime." Historical Materialism 16, no. 3 (2008): 3–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920608x315220.

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AbstractIn 1549, on Mousehold Heath, outside Norwich, the campmen of Kett's Rebellion created the greatest practical utopian project of Tudor England. Using a commoning rhetoric and practice, they tried to restore the moral economy of the county community, ally themselves with the reforming regime of Protector Somerset, and create a Protestant monarchical republic of small producers. In opposition, Tudor gentlemen and their chroniclers used ‘the hysterical sublime’, a rhetoric and practice of pre-emptive decisionist violence, to crush the Norwich commune, overthrow Somerset, and accelerate capitalist primitive accumulation. These two visions of culture and society continued to clash in Tudor England, but the gentlemen had gained the upper hand.

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Chapman, J. "The Victoria History of the Counties of England. Somerset, Vol. VII: South-East Somerset, Robert Dunning." English Historical Review 116, no. 467 (June 1, 2001): 694–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/116.467.694.

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Chapman, John. "The Victoria History of the Counties of England. Somerset, Vol. VII: South-East Somerset, Robert Dunning." English Historical Review 116, no. 467 (June 2001): 694–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/enghis/116.467.694.

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COTTER, WILLIAM R. "The Somerset Case and the Abolition of Slavery in England." History 79, no. 255 (February 1994): 31–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229x.1994.tb01588.x.

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Luxford, Julian. "Luxury and locality in a late medieval book of hours from south-west England." Antiquaries Journal 93 (June 6, 2013): 225–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581512001345.

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This paper describes and analyses a previously unrecorded Sarum book of hours of considerable artistic and textual interest. Seven of its pages have bar-frame borders illuminated in a distinctive and remarkable style. Four of these pages also have initials with figure-subjects, some of which are contextually unusual or unique. There is also an initial with a coat of arms displaying a black engrailed cross on a gold field (the arms of Mohun of Dunster in west Somerset). While the manuscript cannot be linked to a member of the Mohun family, the occurrence of a Somerset toponym in an obit dated 1429 in the calendar and the early addition to the litany of St Urith of Chittlehampton show that it was owned by someone who lived in Somerset or Devon in the early fifteenth century. Indeed, the book may also have been made in this region. Several features of its border illumination are paralleled in the Sherborne Missal (London, British Library, Additional ms 74236), produced in north Dorset or Somerset in the decade c 1398–c 1408. The parallels suggest a relationship (not necessarily direct) between the two manuscripts. Certainly, the book of hours discussed here is closer in style to the missal than it is to manuscripts made in or around London in the same period.

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Gretsch, Mechthild. "The Taunton Fragment: a new text from Anglo-Saxon England." Anglo-Saxon England 33 (December 2004): 145–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675104000067.

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The Taunton Fragment (now Taunton, Somerset, Somerset County Record Office, DD/SAS C/1193/77) consists of four leaves containing portions of brief expositions or homilies on the pericopes for four successive Sundays after Pentecost. In the Fragment, brief passages in Latin regularly alternate with the Old English translations of these passages. The manuscript to which the four leaves once belonged was written probably at some point around or after the middle of the eleventh century in an unknown (presumably minor) centre in Anglo-Saxon England. Until recently, the existence of the Taunton leaves had escaped the notice of Anglo-Saxonists; the texts which they contain are printed here for the first time. It will be obvious that eight pages, half of which are in Old English prose, add in no negligible way to the corpus of Old English. Through analysis of the texts in the second part of this article, I hope to show that their contribution to our knowledge of various kinds of literary activity in Anglo-Saxon England is significant indeed, and that the linguistic evidence they present has no parallel elsewhere in the corpus of Old English.

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Oldham, James. "New Light on Mansfield and Slavery." Journal of British Studies 27, no. 1 (January 1988): 45–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/385904.

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Popular history often credits Lord Mansfield with freeing the slaves in England by his decision in the Somerset case. That he did not do so is by now agreed and is a point featured in modern scholarship on slavery. This is the main burden, for example, of F. O. Shyllon's Black Slaves in Britain (1974). How extensively the popular history should be revised has not been settled. Newly discovered sources now permit a reassessment of this question.When the Somerset case arose in 1772, it was brimming with portent. The largest specter was the supposed mercantile dislocation that would follow abolition. Additional questions seemed unavoidable, such as the legality of a contract between a slave and his master, and the implications for other contracts if the slave contract were invalidated. The protracted case was an occasion of high drama in which early abolitionist efforts (especially those of Granville Sharp) were pitted against vested trading interests.Mansfield was caught in the middle. He was genuinely ambivalent about the subject of slavery. He accepted and endorsed the widely assumed mercantile importance of the slave trade, yet he doubted the validity of theoretical justifications of slavery, and he sought to redress instances of individual cruelty to slaves. By drawing on previously unexamined manuscript reports of the Somerset case, Lord Mansfield's trial notes, and newspaper accounts of the Court of King's Bench activity, this article will demonstrate the extreme delicacy of Mansfield's position and will establish more fully than has before been possible the ways in which Mansfield accommodated the various competing interests. In the process, the question of exactly what Mansfield said in his Somerset opinion should be put to rest.

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Todd, Malcolm. "Roman Military Occupation at Hembury (Devon)." Britannia 38 (November 2007): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3815/000000007784016511.

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The large hillfort at Hembury, near Honiton (Devon) is one of the most impressive late prehistoric sites in South-West England. Occupied in the Neolithic and Iron Age, it was taken over by a Roman force about or shortly before A.D. 50. Substantial timber buildings were constructed, including a probablefabrica, in which iron from the adjacent Blackdown hills was worked. The Roman site was abandoned by the early Flavian period and not reoccupied. Though not evidently a conventional fort, Hembury joins a list of hillforts in South-West England which were used by the Roman army in the early decades of conquest. These include Hod Hill and possibly Maiden Castle (Dorset), Ham Hill and South Cadbury (Somerset).

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POOLE, STEVE. "‘A lasting and salutary warning’: Incendiarism, Rural Order and England's Last Scene of Crime Execution." Rural History 19, no. 2 (October 2008): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793308002471.

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AbstractAgricultural incendiarism was a perennial factor in social relations in some areas of nineteenth-century rural England and is often understood by historians as an expression of ‘covert’ social protest. However, such categorisation risks oversimplifying what may be diverse and locally specific factors. In 1830, the high sheriff of Somerset presided over England's last ever scene of crime execution at the Somerset village of Kenn following the conviction of three labourers for incendiarism. This requires explanation. Crime scene executions were not only anachronistic and rare, but unfashionably brutal and expensive by this time, and were not undertaken lightly; moreover arson was soon to be removed from the list of capital statutes. Yet, oddly, the case was not obviously connected to the agenda of ‘social protest’ characterised by Swing as it emerged just months afterwards; indeed understanding the behaviour of the county authorities here requires an appreciation of a considerably more specific and parochial set of concerns and conditions. The Kenn incendiaries, it is argued here, were put to death at the scene of their crime to protect and uphold the principle of informing in a rural community whose dysfunctional social relations made the practice a judicial necessity.

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Thomas, Gabor, Naomi Payne, and Elisabeth Okasha. "Re-evaluating base-metal artifacts: an inscribed lead strap-end from Crewkerne, Somerset." Anglo-Saxon England 37 (December 2008): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675109990196.

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AbstractStrap-ends represent the most common class of dress accessory known from late Anglo-Saxon England. At this period, new materials, notably lead and its alloys, were being deployed in the manufacture of personal possessions and jewellery. This newly found strap-end adds to the growing number of tongue-shaped examples fashioned from lead dating from this period. It is, however, distinctive in being inscribed with a personal name. The present article provides an account of the object and its text, and assesses its general significance in the context of a more nuanced interpretation of the social status of lead artefacts in late Anglo-Saxon England.

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Rao, Gautham. "Forum: Holly Brewer's “Creating a Common Law of Slavery for England and its New World Empire”—Introduction." Law and History Review 40, no. 3 (August 2022): 579–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248022000463.

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Historians have long since agreed that slavery was central to the social, economic, and political life of the English-speaking North American colonies, and then early United States. Yet the origins of North American slavery have remained far less clear. Holly Brewer's article, “Creating a Common Law of Slavery for England and its New World Empire,” which appeared in a recent issue of Law and History Review, attempted to clarify one key question within this puzzle. Did judges and legislatures in the colonies create their own institution of slavery? Or did they borrow from English precedent? For Brewer, the answer is clear: seventeenth and eighteenth century English judges, merchants, and others, in tandem with “crown policy,” built the institution of slavery that would be “a foundation for a common law of slavery in all English colonies and for the slave trade.” Slavery, in other words, was legal in England before the Somerset decision. It would thus be legal in the British Empire.1

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Kerby-Fulton, Kathryn. "Clerical Discourse and Lay Audience in Late Medieval England. Fiona Somerset." Speculum 77, no. 3 (July 2002): 992–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3301193.

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Pickering, Andrew. "Great News from the West of England: Witchcraft and Strange Vomiting in a Somerset Village." Magic, Ritual, and Witchcraft 13, no. 1 (2018): 71–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mrw.2018.0002.

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Harrison, Laura. "‘There wasn’t all that much to do … at least not here’: memories of growing up in rural south-west England in the early twentieth century." Rural History 31, no. 2 (October 2020): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793320000199.

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Abstract Stan was born in 1911 in a small village near the north Somerset coast. When recalling his life in the countryside, he felt that ‘there wasn’t much to do in the evenings … at least not here’. Drawing upon evidence from personal accounts of growing up in the south-west of England in the early twentieth century, this article examines memories of youth in the countryside, with a particular focus on the leisure lives of young people and their experiences of rural space and place. In addition to adding to our knowledge on the lives of rural youth, this study also provides new insights into the complex relationship between people and their environment, and has implications for our understandings of the early formation of a distinct youthful identity in England. The countryside was not simply a backdrop in these recollections; rather, it was formative in how those that grew up in rural communities understood their experience of being young.

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Atkins, Peter J. "When Somerset Invaded Ayrshire: A Story of Scottish Cheese, 1790–1890." Journal of Scottish Historical Studies 42, no. 2 (November 2022): 175–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jshs.2022.0353.

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There are certain commodities that are part of the taken-for-granted background of Scottishness. Cheese is one of them. Dunlop, in particular, has been around since the eighteenth century but, despite its iconic status, its biography has yet to be fully explored. This paper is a preliminary probe, suggesting that Dunlop and its main rival, Scottish Cheddar, were locked in a struggle for pride of place in the national palate. The story is a complex one of knowledge transfer of cheesemaking techniques from Somerset in South-West England coupled with innovation and popularisation by Scottish cheesemakers. One comparative measure of value and quality referred to is price, as derived from newspapers such as the Caledonian Mercury. This shows that traditional Dunlop was less valued than Cheddar in the Scottish market. Lesser demand, lower price, and lower esteem all then contributed to a rethink about the Dunlop system of cheesemaking. From the 1850s onwards Dunlop was increasingly made using elements of the Cheddar recipe and techniques, and by 1890 the two cheeses were indistinguishable in taste and texture. Overall, the paper reassesses a number of actors and events that between them transformed Scottish cheese in the period 1790 to 1890.

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Chapman, Mark D. "Joseph Armitage Robinson, Glastonbury and Historical Remembrance." Journal for the History of Modern Theology / Zeitschrift für Neuere Theologiegeschichte 28, no. 2 (October 1, 2021): 228–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znth-2021-0017.

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Abstract This article discusses the relationship of history, theology and mythmaking with reference to the myths of Glastonbury. These related to the legends associated with Joseph of Arimathea’ purported visit to England, the burial place of King Arthur, as well as the quest for the Holy Grail. It draws on the work of Joseph Armitage Robinson (1858–1933), one of the most important Biblical and patristic scholars of his generation who, after becoming Dean of Westminster and later Dean of Wells Cathedral in Somerset, and close to Glastonbury, became a distinguished medievalist. After assessing the development of the Glastonbury legends and the use of early British history made in the earlier Anglican tradition, particularly in the work of Archbishop Matthew Parker (1504–1575), it goes on to discuss their revival in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries especially under the local parish priest Lionel Smithett Lewis (1867–1953). It concludes by showing that while there might be no historical substance in the myths, that there is nevertheless an important history to devotion and piety which is as equally open to theological and historical investigation as the events of history.

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Aylmer, G. E. "Presidential Address: Collective Mentalities in mid-Seventeenth-Century England: IV. Cross Currents: Neutrals, Trimmers and Others." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 39 (December 1989): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3678975.

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Among the most striking changes from the text-book generalisations of my school days is the emphasis given nowadays to those who were not committed to either side in the Civil War, those who tried and in some cases succeeded in keeping clear of the conflict altogether. Indeed so great has been the stress on neutrals and neutralism and on the general reluctance to take sides and to begin fighting at all in 1642, that we are in danger of having to explain how a mere handful of obstinate or fanatical extremists on each side contrived to drag the country down into the abyss of Civil War. I have said enough in my previous addresses in this series to make my own position clear on that. Among Royalists, including the King himself, there were enough who believed that rebellion must be put down, whether they were more concerned to defend the constitutional prerogatives of the Crown, the government and liturgy of the Church, or the whole existing fabric of society. Correspondingly there were enough Parliamentarians who believed that religion, liberty and property were in deadly peril, through the design for Popery and arbitrary government. If these beliefs had been confined to a few dozen or even score of men on each side, it is not credible that a war would have begun in 1642, where fighting broke out be it noted in Lancashire, Yorkshire and Somerset before the preparations and manoeuverings of the two main armies led up to the campaign and battle of Edgehill.

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Tay, Michael A. "Problems in the Curation of Fossil Marine Reptiles." Geological Curator 4, no. 2 (April 1985): 65–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.55468/gc737.

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The majority of the large fossil marine reptiles stored in British museums are ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs and crocodiles collected from the Liassic beds of England. Many of these specimens were recovered during the nineteenth century from manually operated quarries, especially those at Street in Somerset and at Barrow-on-Soar in Leicestershire. Others came from coastal exposures at Lyme Regis, or at Whitby where there were also large alum shale quarries (Howe e^ �l. 1981; Benton and Taylor 1984). Many of the more complete skeletons are now in the major collections held by the British Museum (Natural History), Oxford University Museum, and the Sedgwick Museum, Cambridge. The remainder, however, are scattered throughout the provincial museums of Britain and Ireland and often form the bulk of their fossil reptile collections. Virtually every specimen suffers from one of the three most prevalent problems affecting such fossils: poor data, poor standards of preparation and poor display techniques. In discussing these problems, those aspects peculiar to marine reptiles will be examined.

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Henderson, Julian. "The Iron Age of ‘Loughey’ and Meare: Some Inferences from Glass Analysis." Antiquaries Journal 67, no. 1 (March 1987): 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500026263.

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The archaeology of two Iron Age sites, ‘Loughey’ in County Down, Northern Ireland, and Meare Lake Village, Somerset, is discussed. Changes in the archaeological interpretation of the sites are considered in the light of recent research into Iron Age sites in Britain and Ireland. Consideration of the chemical composition of the glass from ‘Loughey’ and Meare helps to add weight to the existence of suspected links between Ireland and the Continent in the first century B.C., and not, as has regularly been assumed, specific links with south England. The compositional characteristics of the glass from Meare are found to be totally different from those of the ‘Loughey’ glass and it is suggested that glass raw materials were imported to Ireland for the manufacture of Iron Age glass beads there. We can not now be as confident that the person buried at ‘Loughey’ was of ‘foreign’ origin.

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Shave, Samantha A. "‘Great inhumanity’: scandal, child punishment and policymaking in the early years of the New Poor Law workhouse system." Continuity and Change 33, no. 3 (November 29, 2018): 339–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416018000231.

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AbstractNew Poor Law scandals have usually been examined either to demonstrate the cruelty of the workhouse regime or to illustrate the failings or brutality of union staff. Recent research has used these and similar moments of crisis to explore the relationship between local and central levels of welfare administration (the Boards of Guardians in unions across England and Wales and the Poor Law Commission in Somerset House in London) and how scandals in particular were pivotal in the development of further policies. This article examines both the inter-local and local-centre tensions and policy consequences of the Droxford Union and Fareham Union scandal (1836–1837), which exposed the severity of workhouse punishments towards three young children. The article illustrates the complexities of union cooperation and, as a result of the escalation of public knowledge into the cruelties and investigations thereafter, how the vested interests of individuals within a system manifested themselves in particular (in)actions and viewpoints. While the Commission was a reactive and flexible welfare authority, producing new policies and procedures in the aftermath of crises, the policies developed after this particular scandal made union staff, rather than the welfare system as a whole, individually responsible for the maltreatment and neglect of the poor.

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STOBART, JON. "Edmund Rack's survey of Somerset - Edited by Mark McDermott and Sue Berry. The Victoria history of the counties of England: a history of the county of Somerset, X: Castle Cary and the Brue-Cary watershed - Edited by Mary Siraut." Economic History Review 65, no. 3 (July 2, 2012): 1170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.2011.00644_2.x.

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Turner, R. W., O. I. Siidra, S. V. Krivovichev, C. J. Stanley, and J. Spratt. "Rumseyite, [Pb2OF]Cl, the first naturally occurring fluoroxychloride mineral with the parent crystal structure for layered lead oxychlorides." Mineralogical Magazine 76, no. 5 (October 2012): 1247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2012.076.5.11.

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AbstractRumseyite, ideally [Pb2OF]Cl, is a new mineral species which is associated with calcite, cerussite, diaboleite, hydrocerussite and undifferentiated Mn oxides in a small cavity in 'hydrocerussite' from a manganese pod at Merehead quarry, Somerset, England. Rumseyite is tetragonal, I4/mmm, a = 4.065(1), c = 12.631(7) Å, V = 208.7(1) Å3, Z = 2. The mineral is translucent pale orange-brown with a white streak and vitreous lustre. It is brittle with perfect {100} cleavage; Dcalc = 7.71 g cm–3 (for the ideal formula, [Pb2OF]Cl). The mean refractive index in air at 589 nm is 2.15. The six strongest reflections in the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern [dmeas in Å, (Irel), (hkl)] are as follows: 2.923(100)(013), 2.875(68)(110), 3.848(41)(011), 6.306(17)(002), 1.680(14)(123), 2.110(12)(006). The crystal structure of rumseyite is based on alternating [OFPb2] and Cl layers. Rumseyite is related to other layered Pb oxyhalides. Fluorine and oxygen are statistically disordered over one crystallographic site. Rumseyite is named in honour of Michael Scott (Mike) Rumsey (1980– ), Curator and Collections Manager at the NHM (London), who discovered the mineral. The mineral and name have been approved by the IMA Commission on New Mineral Names and Classification (IMA 2011-091). The holotype specimen is in the collections of the Natural History Museum, London (specimen number BM1970,110).

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Bouldin, Wood. "Fiona Somerset. Clerical Discourse and Lay Audience in Late Medieval England. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998. ix + 241 pp. $64.95. ISBN: 0-521-62154-2." Renaissance Quarterly 53, no. 2 (2000): 593–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2901900.

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Allen, J. R. L., and S. J. Rippon. "Iron Age to Early Modern Activity and Palaeochannels at Magor Pill, Gwent: An Exercise in Lowland Coastal-Zone Geoarchaeology." Antiquaries Journal 77 (March 1997): 327–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500075235.

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A geological and geomorphological survey, combined with sedimentological results, has provided a detailed, trans-zonal famework in which to examine the significance of an eclectic variety of artefactual and documentary evidence relating to prolonged human activity on the tidal stream known as Magor Pill.The shoreline, underlain by estuarine silts and peats of the Flandrian Wentlooge Formation, has retreated by a minimum of some 800m since Iron Age-Roman times, leaving exposed on the modern foreshore the earlier but silted-up courses of Magor Pill. As the coast retreated, fishing stakes, one a double row from the tenth century, were set up on the widening lower foreshore. The palaeochannel deposits yielded small amounts of stratified Iron Age, Romano-British, medieval and early modern occupation debris, together with woven baskets and hurdles related to the early modern and probably also medieval fishing activities in the area. One of the palaeochannels contained the wreck of a medieval, clinker-built boat carrying high-grade iron ores. By far the largest amounts of occupation debris, however, were transposed and mixed into semi-mobile foreshore gravels. This material demonstrates that there was a thriving Romano-British settlement at Magor Pill, apparently in sea connection with the southern shores of the Bristol Channel. From the eleventh to the early fourteenth century, there existed a port to which much pottery from various English sources was imported. In early modern times at Magor Pill, a vigorous outward trade in store cattle to west and south-west England was balanced by pottery imports chiefly from Devon and Somerset. Coastal erosion not only destroyed the primary evidence for these activities, and the wetland landscapes in which they occurred, but also forced, probably in late medieval times, the repositioning inland of the (?) Romano-British sea defences of the area. As part of the general process of reorganizing the defences and drainage of the wetland, the seabanks along Magor Pill and its tributaries were shortened in a number of stages and the outfalls moved further seaward.

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Costen, Michael. "R W. Dunning, ed., The Victoria History of the Counties of England: A History of Somerset, Volume IX, Glastonbury and Street. London, Published for the Institute of Historical Research by Boydell and Brewer, 2006. 241 pp. £95/$180. 1904356230." Rural History 19, no. 1 (April 2008): 126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793307002348.

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Farmer, D. L. "The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Volume V, 1640-1750, edited by Joan Thirsk, The Victoria History of the County of Somerset, Volume V, edited by R.W. DunningThe Agrarian History of England and Wales, Volume V, 1640-1750, edited by Joan Thirsk. Part I: Regional Farming Systems. New York and Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1984. xxxi, 480 pp. $59.50 (U.S.). Part II: Agrarian Change. New York and Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1985. xxviii, 952 pp. $94.50 (U.s.).The Victoria History of the County of Somerset, Volume V, edited by R.W. Dunning. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1985. xix, 225 pp. $118.95 (U.S.)." Canadian Journal of History 21, no. 3 (December 1986): 426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh.21.3.426.

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Leibo, Steven A., Abraham D. Kriegel, Roger D. Tate, Raymond J. Jirran, Bullitt Lowry, Sanford Gutman, Thomas T. Lewis, et al. "Book Reviews." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 12, no. 2 (May 5, 1987): 28–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.12.2.28-47.

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David K. Dunaway and Willa K. Baum, eds. Oral History: An Interdisciplinary Anthology. Nashville: American Assocation for State and Local History, 1984. Pp. xxiii, 436. Paper, $17.95 ($16.15 to AASLH members); cloth $29.50 ($26.95 to AASLH members). Review by Jacob L. Susskind of The Pennsylvania State University at Harrisburg. Salo W. Baron. The Contemporary Relevance of History: A Study in Approaches and Methods. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986. Pp. viii, 158. Cloth, $30.00; Stephen Vaughn, ed. The Vital Past: Writings on the Uses of History. Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1985. Pp. 406. Paper, $12.95. Review by Michael T. Isenberg of the United States Naval Academy. Howard Budin, Diana S. Kendall and James Lengel. Using Computers in the Social Studies. New York and London: Teachers College Press, 1986. Pp. vii, 118. Paper, $11.95. Review by Francis P. Lynch of Central Connecticut State University. David F. Noble. Forces of Production: A Social History of Industrial Automation. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984. Pp. xviii, 409. Paper, $8.95. Review by Donn C. Neal of the Society of American Archivists. Alan L. Lockwood and David E. Harris. Reasoning with Democratic Values: Ethical Problems in United States History. New York and London: Teachers College Press, 1985. Volume 1: Pp. vii, 206. Paper, $8.95. Volume 2: Pp. vii, 319. Paper, $11.95. Instructor's Manual: Pp. 167. Paper, $11.95. Review by Robert W. Sellen of Georgia State University. James Atkins Shackford. David Crocketts: The Man and the Legend. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1986. Pp. xxv, 338. Paper, $10.95. Review by George W. Geib of Butler University. John R. Wunder, ed. At Home on the Range: Essays on the History of Western Social and Domestic Life. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1985. Pp. xiii, 213. Cloth, $29.95. Review by Richard N. Ellis of Fort Lewis College. Sylvia R. Frey and Marian J. Morton, eds. New World, New Roles: A Documentary History of Women in Pre-Industrial America. New York, Westport, Connecticut, and London: Greenwood Press, 1986. Pp. ix, 246. Cloth, $35.00. Review by Barbara J. Steinson of DePauw University. Elizabeth Roberts. A Woman's Place: An Oral History of Working-Class Women, 1890-1940. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1985. Pp. vii, 246. Paper, $12.95. Review by Thomas T. Lewis of Mount Senario College. Steven Ozment. When Fathers Ruled: Family Life in Reformation Europe. Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London: Harvard University Press, 1983. Pp. viii, 283. Cloth, $17.50; Paper, $7.50. Review by Sanford Gutman of State University of New York, College at Cortland. Geoffrey Best. War and Society in Revolutionary Europe, 1770-1870. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. Pp. 336. Paper, $9.95; Brian Bond. War and Society in Europe, 1870-1970. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. Pp. 256. Paper, $9.95. Review by Bullitt Lowry of North Texas State University. Edward Norman. Roman Catholicism in England: From the Elizabethan Settlement to the Second Vatican Council. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. Pp. 138. Paper, $8.95; Karl F. Morrison, ed. The Church in the Roman Empire. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1986. Pp. viii, 248. Cloth, $20.00; Paper, $7.95. Review by Raymond J. Jirran of Thomas Nelson Community College. Keith Robbins. The First World War. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984. Pp. 186. Paper, $6.95; J. M. Winter. The Great War and the British People. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1986. Pp. xiv, 360. Cloth, $25.00. Review by Roger D. Tate of Somerset Community College. Gerhardt Hoffmeister and Frederic C. Tubach. Germany: 2000 Years-- Volume III, From the Nazi Era to the Present. New York: The Ungar Publishing Co., 1986. Pp. ix, 279. Cloth, $24.50. Review by Abraham D. Kriegel of Memphis State University. Judith M. Brown. Modern India: The Origins of an Asian Democracy. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. Pp. xvi, 429. Cloth, $29.95; Paper, $12.95. Review by Steven A. Leibo of Russell Sage College.

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Beckett, J. V. "Simon Townley (ed.), The Victoria History of the Counties of England: A History of the County of Oxford, vol. XIV: Witney and its Townships, Bampton Hundred Part Two. London: Boydell and Brewer for the Institute of Historical Research, 2004. xiv + 214pp. 76 figures. Bibliography. £75.00 Nigel Tringham (ed.), The Victoria History of the Counties of England: A History of the County of Stafford, vol. IX: Burton-upon-Trent. London: Boydell and Brewer for the Institute of Historical Research, 2003. xviii + 240pp. 73 figures. Bibliography. £75.00 R. W. Dunning (ed.), The Victoria History of the Counties of England: A History of the County of Somerset, vol. VIII: The Poldens and the Levels. London: Boydell and Brewer for the Institute of Historical Research, 2004. xvi + 246pp. 71 figures. Bibliography. £75.00." Urban History 32, no. 3 (December 2005): 525–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926805213470.

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Cottrell-Boyce, Aidan. "Scandal in Somers town: conspiracism and Catholic schools in early Victorian England." British Catholic History 35, no. 4 (October 2021): 415–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bch.2021.17.

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The middle years of the nineteenth century are notable in the history of Catholicism in England for the development of the ‘papal aggression’ crisis. Catholic emancipation had been met with suspicion by Protestant groups and this suspicion grew into violent antipathy with the publication by Nicholas Wiseman of ‘Ex Porta Flaminia.’ At the same time that this crisis was emerging, Catholic charitable organizations were also attempting to garner support from the state for the building of Catholic schools. With a boom in the poor, urban population, fuelled by the arrival of Irish refugees, this assistance was urgently required. In the midst of this a small school in the heart of London became the focus of a cause célèbre. The belief that this school had been funded by lucre, defrauded from dying and vulnerable members of the Somers Town community by simonist priests, provided the source of a widespread conspiracy theory. The result of this conspiracy theory was a lawsuit, brought in 1851 by the relatives of a deceased benefactor of the school, against the newly enthroned Cardinal Wiseman. Metairie vs. Wiseman became one of the most celebrated and cited cases of the early Victorian era.

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Hájková, Anna. "Eichmann's Jews: The Jewish Administration of Holocaust Vienna, 1938–1945. By Doron Rabinovici. Translated by Nick Somers. (Cambridge, England: Polity Press, 2011. Pp. x, 288. $25.00.)." Historian 75, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 208–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hisn.12004_67.

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Siddique, Asheesh Kapur. "Beyond Somerset?: Slavery and the Temporality of Law." Law and History Review, August 17, 2022, 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s073824802200030x.

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"Book Reviews: A theosophical Boyle?" Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 48, no. 2 (July 31, 1994): 317–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.1994.0033.

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Robert Boyle Reconsidered . Edited by Michael Hunter. Cambridge University Press, 1994. Pp. xviii + 231, £30.00. ISBN 0-521-44205-2 The 300th anniversary of the death of Robert Boyle (1627-91) was commemorated by a select group of Boyle scholars in a symposium convened 14-16 December 1991 at the Horsington House Hotel, Somerset, during the course of what appears to have been a traditional Irish wake, ‘where participants were lavishly provided for through the generosity of the Foundation for Intellectual History’ (p. xvii). Twelve of the contributions presented at the symposium are published in Robert Boyle Reconsidered , and another contribution, ‘Who was Robert Boyle? The creation and presentation of an experimental self’ by Steven Shapin, appears as a chapter in his new book, A Social History of Truth: Gentility, Credibility, and Scientific Knowledge in Seventeenth Century England (University of Chicago Press, 1994).

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Reeks, John. "Decorating the parish church in post-Reformation England: material culture, community and identity in Dorset, Somerset and Wiltshire, 1560-1640." Seventeenth Century, July 13, 2023, 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0268117x.2023.2235188.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Somerset (england), history'

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