Academic literature on the topic 'Song learning'

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Journal articles on the topic "Song learning"

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Cardoso, Gonçalo C., and Jonathan W. Atwell. "Shared songs are of lower performance in the dark-eyed junco." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 7 (July 2016): 160341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160341.

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Social learning enables the adjustment of behaviour to complex social and ecological tasks, and underlies cultural traditions. Understanding when animals use social learning versus other forms of behavioural development can help explain the dynamics of animal culture. The dark-eyed junco ( Junco hyemalis ) is a songbird with weak cultural song traditions because, in addition to learning songs socially, male juncos also invent or improvise novel songs. We compared songs shared by multiple males (i.e. socially learned) with songs recorded from only one male in the population (many of which should be novel) to gain insight into the advantages of social learning versus invention or improvisation. Song types shared by multiple males were on average of lower performance, on aspects of vocal performance that have been implicated in agonistic communication in several species. This was not explained by cultural selection among socially learned songs (e.g. selective learning) because, for shared song types, song performance did not predict how many males shared them. We discuss why social learning does not maximize song performance in juncos, and suggest that some songbirds may add novel songs to culturally inherited repertoires as a means to acquire higher-quality signals.
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Kojima, Satoshi, and Allison J. Doupe. "Song Selectivity in the Pallial-Basal Ganglia Song Circuit of Zebra Finches Raised Without Tutor Song Exposure." Journal of Neurophysiology 98, no. 4 (October 2007): 2099–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00916.2006.

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Acoustic experience critically influences auditory cortical development as well as emergence of highly selective auditory neurons in the songbird sensorimotor circuit. In adult zebra finches, these “song-selective” neurons respond better to the bird's own song (BOS) than to songs of other conspecifics. Birds learn their songs by memorizing a tutor's song and then matching auditory feedback of their voice to the tutor song memory. Song-selective neurons in the pallial-basal ganglia circuit called the anterior forebrain pathway (AFP) reflect the development of BOS. However, during learning, they also respond strongly to tutor song and are compromised in their adult selectivity when birds are prevented from matching BOS to tutor, suggesting that selectivity depends on tutor song learning as well as sensorimotor matching of BOS feedback to the tutor song memory. We examined the contribution of sensory learning of tutor song to song selectivity by recording from AFP neurons in birds reared without exposure to adult conspecifics. We found that AFP neurons in these “isolate” birds had highly tuned responses to isolate BOS. The selectivity was as high, and in the striato-pallidal nucleus Area X, even higher than that in normal birds, due to abnormally weak responsiveness to conspecific song. These results demonstrate that sensory learning of tutor song is not necessary for BOS tuning of AFP neurons. Because isolate birds develop their song via sensorimotor learning, our data further illustrate the importance of individual sensorimotor learning for song selectivity and provide insight into possible functions of song-selective neurons.
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Leitner, Stefan, Johanna Teichel, Andries Ter Maat, and Cornelia Voigt. "Hatching late in the season requires flexibility in the timing of song learning." Biology Letters 11, no. 8 (August 2015): 20150522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0522.

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Most songbirds learn their songs from adult tutors, who can be their father or other male conspecifics. However, the variables that control song learning in a natural social context are largely unknown. We investigated whether the time of hatching of male domesticated canaries has an impact on their song development and on the neuroendocrine parameters of the song control system. Average age difference between early- and late-hatched males was 50 days with a maximum of 90 days. Song activity of adult tutor males decreased significantly during the breeding season. While early-hatched males were exposed to tutor songs for on average the first 99 days, late-hatched peers heard adult song only during the first 48 days of life. Remarkably, although hatching late in the season negatively affected body condition, no differences between both groups of males were found in song characteristics either in autumn or in the following spring. Similarly, hatching date had no effect on song nucleus size and circulating testosterone levels. Our data suggest that late-hatched males must have undergone accelerated song development. Furthermore, the limited tutor song exposure did not affect adult song organization and song performance.
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Ria Ningsih, Asih, and Rita Arianti. "PELATIHAN BAHASA INGGRIS MELALUI LAGU ANAK-ANAK PADA SISWA PAUD RAUDHATUL HASANAH UJUNG BATU KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU RIAU." JURNAL MASYARAKAT NEGERI ROKANIA 1, no. 1 (May 2, 2020): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.56313/jmnr.v1i1.4.

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This article describes the advantages and the examples of song to support English language learning process. Children have unique characteristics that could be employed for the supporting factors. One of strategy that teacher should be used to take the students’ attention is song. The use of children’s songs for learning English showed that songs can increase the enthusiasm of children to learn English because learning is fun and does not feel stiff while steps are taken to create learning English is an effective English teachers should consider some aspects, types of songs, number of students, the type of learning activities with the song, and the character of the students.
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Anggraini, Ira, and Gartika Pandu Bhuana. "THE USE OF SONG IN LEARNING PRONUNCIATION." PROJECT (Professional Journal of English Education) 5, no. 2 (March 7, 2022): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/project.v5i2.p280-283.

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This study aims to determine students' perceptions in learning pronunciation through songs. This was a qualitative research method. The participants of this study were 16 tenth grade students from a the vocational schools in Cimahi. Data were collected through questionnaire. The results showed that the students had a good opinion about the use of songs. They thought that it offered a different learning atmosphere, in which it was more relaxed and enjoyable. Besides, it could improve their pronunciation. This indicates that the teacher can use song in teaching pronunciation. Keywords: Pronunciation, Song
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Kurniastuti, Irine, and Vinsencius Bayu Prayogo. "DEVELOPMENT OF THEMATIC CHILDREN'S SONG AS A FUN LEARNING MEDIA FOR 2nd GRADE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS." IJIET (International Journal of Indonesian Education and Teaching) 6, no. 1 (January 20, 2022): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/ijiet.v6i1.4132.

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Creating a pleasant classroom atmosphere is an important element in starting the learning process. In various studies, listening to songs or singing them has been shown to have a positive effect on a student's mood for participating in the learning process. However, children's songs that are relevant to be used as teaching media are very limited. This study aims to develop new songs that are suitable for thematic learning of the 2nd-grade elementary school (SD) students which also can be used as an online learning medium. The songs developed include 6 themes in the 2nd-grade curriculum. Songs were developed using the ADDIE method. The result of this study is an album containing 6 children's songs according to the 2013 Curriculum theme. The results of expert validation show that the songs have good quality in terms of song titles, song atmosphere, language style, song content, and song characteristics. Based on the test result with students, these songs can be sung easily and give a positive feeling effect.
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ter Haar, Sita M., Wiebke Kaemper, Koen Stam, Clara C. Levelt, and Carel ten Cate. "The interplay of within-species perceptual predispositions and experience during song ontogeny in zebra finches ( Taeniopygia guttata )." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1796 (December 7, 2014): 20141860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1860.

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Vocal acquisition in songbirds and humans shows many similarities, one of which is that both involve a combination of experience and perceptual predispositions. Among languages some speech sounds are shared, while others are not. This could reflect a predisposition in young infants for learning some speech sounds over others, which combines with exposure-based learning. Similarly, in songbirds, some sounds are common across populations, while others are more specific to populations or individuals. We examine whether this is also due to perceptual preferences for certain within-species element types in naive juvenile male birds, and how such preferences interact with exposure to guide subsequent song learning. We show that young zebra finches lacking previous song exposure perceptually prefer songs with more common zebra finch song element types over songs with less common elements. Next, we demonstrate that after subsequent tutoring, birds prefer tutor songs regardless of whether these contain more common or less common elements. In adulthood, birds tutored with more common elements showed a higher song similarity to their tutor song, indicating that the early bias influenced song learning. Our findings help to understand the maintenance of similarities and the presence of differences among birds' songs, their dialects and human languages.
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Garland, Ellen C., Luke Rendell, Luca Lamoni, M. Michael Poole, and Michael J. Noad. "Song hybridization events during revolutionary song change provide insights into cultural transmission in humpback whales." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 30 (July 24, 2017): 7822–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1621072114.

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Cultural processes occur in a wide variety of animal taxa, from insects to cetaceans. The songs of humpback whales are one of the most striking examples of the transmission of a cultural trait and social learning in any nonhuman animal. To understand how songs are learned, we investigate rare cases of song hybridization, where parts of an existing song are spliced with a new one, likely before an individual totally adopts the new song. Song unit sequences were extracted from over 9,300 phrases recorded during two song revolutions across the South Pacific Ocean, allowing fine-scale analysis of composition and sequencing. In hybrid songs the current and new songs were spliced together in two specific ways: (i) singers placed a single hybrid phrase, in which content from both songs were combined, between the two song types when transitioning from one to the other, and/or (ii) singers spliced complete themes from the revolutionary song into the current song. Sequence analysis indicated that both processes were governed by structural similarity rules. Hybrid phrases or theme substitutions occurred at points in the songs where both songs contained “similar sounds arranged in a similar pattern.” Songs appear to be learned as segments (themes/phrase types), akin to birdsong and human language acquisition, and these can be combined in predictable ways if the underlying structural pattern is similar. These snapshots of song change provide insights into the mechanisms underlying song learning in humpback whales, and comparative perspectives on the evolution of human language and culture.
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Nordby, J. Cully, S. Elizabeth Campbell, and Michael D. Beecher. "Late song learning in song sparrows." Animal Behaviour 61, no. 4 (April 2001): 835–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.2000.1673.

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Mcloughlin, Michael, Luca Lamoni, Ellen C. Garland, Simon Ingram, Alexis Kirke, Michael J. Noad, Luke Rendell, and Eduardo Miranda. "Using agent-based models to understand the role of individuals in the song evolution of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae)." Music & Science 1 (January 1, 2018): 205920431875702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059204318757021.

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Male humpback whales produce hierarchically structured songs, primarily during the breeding season. These songs gradually change over the course of the breeding season, and are generally population specific. However, instances have been recorded of more rapid song changes where the song of a population can be replaced by the song of an adjacent population. The mechanisms that drive these changes are not currently understood, and difficulties in tracking individual whales over long migratory routes mean field studies to understand these mechanisms are not feasible. In order to help understand the mechanisms that drive these song changes, we present here a spatially explicit agent-based model inspired by methods used in computer music research. We model the migratory patterns of humpback whales, a simple song learning and production method coupled with sound transmission loss, and how often singing occurs during these migratory cycles. This model is then extended to include learning biases that may be responsible for driving changes in the song, such as a bias towards novel song, production errors, and the coupling of novel song bias and production errors. While none of the methods showed population song replacement, our model shows that shared feeding grounds where conspecifics are able to mix provide key opportunities for cultural transmission, and that production errors facilitated gradually changing songs. Our results point towards other learning biases being necessary in order for population song replacement to occur.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Song learning"

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Eales, L. A. "Song learning in Zebra Finches." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375855.

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Nordby, Jennifer Cully. "Song learning in the song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) : ecological and social factors /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9090.

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Mackevicius, Emily Lambert. "Building a state space for song learning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120871.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, 2018.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 159-177).
Song learning circuitry is thought to operate using a unique representation of each moment within each song syllable. Distinct timestamps for each moment in the song have been observed in the premotor cortical nucleus HVC, where neurons burst in sparse sequences. However, such sparse sequences are not present in very young birds, which sing highly variable syllables of random lengths. Furthermore, young birds learn by imitating a tutor song, and it was previously unclear precisely how the experience of hearing a tutor might shape auditory, motor, and evaluation pathways in the songbird brain. My thesis presents a framework for how these pathways may assemble during early learning, using simple neural mechanisms. I start with a neural network model for how premotor sequences may grow and split. This model predicts that the sequence-generating nucleus HVC would receive rhythmically patterned training inputs. I found such a signal when I recorded neurons that project to HVC. When juvenile birds sing, these neurons burst at the beginning of each syllable, and when the birds listen to a tutor, neurons burst at the rhythm of the tutor's song. Bursts marking the beginning of every tutor syllable could seed chains of sequential activity in HVC that could be used to generate the bird's own song imitation. I next used functional calcium imaging to characterize HVC sequences before and after tutor exposure. Analysis of these datasets led us to develop a new method for unsupervised detection of neural sequences. Using this method, I was able to observe neural sequences even prior to tutor exposure. Some of these sequences could be tracked as new syllables emerged after tutor exposure, and some sequences appeared to become coupled to the new syllables. In light of my new data, I expand on previous models of song learning to form a detailed hypothesis for how simple neural processes may perform song learning from start to finish.
by Emily Lambert Mackevicius.
Ph. D.
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Nguyen, Song Huyen Chau. "Impact of digital game-based learning to support students’ cognitive skills development for English language learning in Vietnam." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/206449/1/Song%20Huyen%20Chau_Nguyen_Thesis.pdf.

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This research examined how EFL students may enhance their EFL learning by developing cognitive skills through digital game-based learning in a Vietnamese higher education context. The research adopted a qualitative approach involving a cognitive task analysis approach with a pre- and post-test design. The findings indicated that the adoption of digital game-based learning in EFL learning might have had a positive impact on the participants’ cognitive skills development and learning outcomes. The findings of this study contribute to further understanding of the interrelationship between digital game-based learning and cognitive skills in enhancing teaching and learning in the EFL discipline.
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Pagliarini, Silvia. "Modeling the neural network responsible for song learning." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0107.

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Pendant la première période de leur vie, les bébés et les jeunes oiseaux présentent des phases de développement vocal comparables : ils écoutent d'abord leurs parents/tuteurs afin de construire une représentation neurale du stimulus auditif perçu, puis ils commencent à produire des sons qui se rapprochent progressivement du chant de leur tuteur. Cette phase d'apprentissage est appelée la phase sensorimotrice et se caractérise par la présence de babillage. Elle se termine lorsque le chant se cristallise, c'est-à-dire lorsqu'il devient semblable à celui produit par les adultes.Il y a des similitudes entre les voies cérébrales responsables de l'apprentissage sensorimoteur chez l'homme et chez les oiseaux. Dans les deux cas, une voie s’occupe de la production vocale et implique des projections directes des zones auditives vers les zones motrices, et une autre voie s’occupe de l’apprentissage vocal, de l'imitation et de la plasticité.Chez les oiseaux, ces circuits cérébraux sont exclusivement dédiés à l'apprentissage du chant, ce qui en fait un modèle idéal pour explorer les mécanismes neuronaux de l’apprentissage vocal par imitation.Cette thèse vise à construire un modèle de l'apprentissage du chant des oiseaux par imitation. De nombreuses études antérieures ont tenté de mettre en œuvre l'apprentissage par imitation dans des modèles informatiques et partagent une structure commune. Ces modèles comprennent des mécanismes d'apprentissage et, éventuellement, des stratégies d'exploration et d'évaluation.Dans ces modèles, une fonction de contrôle moteur permet la production de sons et une réponse sensorielle modélise soit la façon dont le son est perçu, soit la façon dont il façonne la récompense. Les entrées et les sorties de ces fonctions sont dans plusieurs espaces: l'espace moteur (paramètres moteurs), l'espace sensoriel (sons réels), l'espace perceptif (représentation à faible dimension du son) ou l’espace des objectifs (représentation non perceptive du son cible).Le premier modèle proposé est un modèle théorique inverse basé sur un modèle d'apprentissage vocal simplifié où l'espace sensoriel coïncide avec l'espace moteur (c'est-à-dire qu'il n'y a pas de production sonore). Une telle simplification permet d'étudier comment introduire des hypothèses biologiques (par exemple, une réponse non linéaire) dans un modèle d'apprentissage vocal et quels sont les paramètres qui influencent le plus la puissance de calcul du modèle.Afin de disposer d'un modèle complet (capable de percevoir et de produire des sons), nous avions besoin d'une fonction de contrôle moteur capable de reproduire des sons similaires à des données réelles. Nous avons analysé la capacité de WaveGAN (un réseau de génération) à produire des chants de canari réalistes. Dans ce modèle, l'espace d'entrée devient l'espace latent après l'entraînement et permet la représentation d'un ensemble de données à haute dimension dans une variété à plus basse dimension. Nous avons obtenu des chants de canari réalistes en utilisant seulement trois dimensions pour l'espace latent. Des analyses quantitatives et qualitatives démontrent les capacités d'interpolation du modèle, ce qui suggère que le modèle peut être utilisé comme fonction motrice dans un modèle d'apprentissage vocal.La deuxième version du modèle est un modèle d'apprentissage vocal complet avec une boucle action-perception complète (il comprend l'espace moteur, l'espace sensoriel et l'espace perceptif). La production sonore est réalisée par le générateur GAN obtenu précédemment. Un réseau neuronal récurrent classant les syllabes sert de réponse sensorielle perceptive. La correspondance entre l'espace perceptuel et l'espace moteur est apprise par un modèle inverse. Les résultats préliminaires montrent l'impact du taux d'apprentissage lorsque différentes fonctions de réponse sensorielle sont mises en œuvre
During the first period of their life, babies and juvenile birds show comparable phases of vocal development: first, they listen to their parents/tutors in order to build a neural representation of the experienced auditory stimulus, then they start to produce sound and progressively get closer to reproducing their tutor song. This phase of learning is called the sensorimotor phase and is characterized by the presence of babbling, in babies, and subsong, in birds. It ends when the song crystallizes and becomes similar to the one produced by the adults.It is possible to find analogies between brain pathways responsible for sensorimotor learning in humans and birds: a vocal production pathway involves direct projections from auditory areas to motor neurons, and a vocal learning pathway is responsible for imitation and plasticity. The behavioral studies and the neuroanatomical structure of the vocal control circuit in humans and birds provide the basis for bio-inspired models of vocal learning.In particular, birds have brain circuits exclusively dedicated to song learning, making them an ideal model for exploring the representation of vocal learning by imitation of tutors.This thesis aims to build a vocal learning model underlying song learning in birds. An extensive review of the existing literature is discussed in the thesis: many previous studies have attempted to implement imitative learning in computational models and share a common structure. These learning architectures include the learning mechanisms and, eventually, exploration and evaluation strategies. A motor control function enables sound production and sensory response models either how sound is perceived or how it shapes the reward. The inputs and outputs of these functions lie (1)~in the motor space (motor parameters’ space), (2)~in the sensory space (real sounds) and (3)~either in the perceptual space (a low dimensional representation of the sound) or in the internal representation of goals (a non-perceptual representation of the target sound).The first model proposed in this thesis is a theoretical inverse model based on a simplified vocal learning model where the sensory space coincides with the motor space (i.e., there is no sound production). Such a simplification allows us to investigate how to introduce biological assumptions (e.g. non-linearity response) into a vocal learning model and which parameters influence the computational power of the model the most. The influence of the sharpness of auditory selectivity and the motor dimension are discussed.To have a complete model (which is able to perceive and produce sound), we needed a motor control function capable of reproducing sounds similar to real data (e.g. recordings of adult canaries). We analyzed the capability of WaveGAN (a Generative Adversarial Network) to provide a generator model able to produce realistic canary songs. In this generator model, the input space becomes the latent space after training and allows the representation of a high-dimensional dataset in a lower-dimensional manifold. We obtained realistic canary sounds using only three dimensions for the latent space. Among other results, quantitative and qualitative analyses demonstrate the interpolation abilities of the model, which suggests that the generator model we studied can be used as a motor function in a vocal learning model.The second version of the sensorimotor model is a complete vocal learning model with a full action-perception loop (i.e., it includes motor space, sensory space, and perceptual space). The sound production is performed by the GAN generator previously obtained. A recurrent neural network classifying syllables serves as the perceptual sensory response. Similar to the first model, the mapping between the perceptual space and the motor space is learned via an inverse model. Preliminary results show the influence of the learning rate when different sensory response functions are implemented
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Funabiki, Yasuko. "Long Memory in Song Learning by Zebra Finches." Kyoto University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/148265.

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Ennis, Michaela (Michaela M. ). "Unsupervised learning to quantify differences in song learning of experimental zebra finch populations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119521.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2017.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 95-98).
Zebra finch song learning is a common model of motor learning processes, but quantification of song properties is lacking, particularly for comparison of experimental populations across development. Sparse convolutional feature extraction, a method previously used to analyze other natural sounds, is applied to zebra finch song here. The results of feature extraction were used to develop metrics that were applied to zebra finch song from across both normal and isolate development. As expected, adult control song was substantially different from adult isolate song in all metrics. More interestingly, differences in some metrics were seen between the two as early in development as recordings were taken, suggesting that differences exist prior to obvious abnormalities appearing in the song spectrogram. Overall, these results provide interesting ideas about isolate song learning, and act as a proof of concept for the use of sparse convolutional learning to compare bird populations.
by Michaela Ennis.
M. Eng.
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Werfel, Justin (Justin Keith) 1977. "Neural network models for zebra finch song production and reinforcement learning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86791.

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Hough, Gerald E. "Learning, forgetting, and remembering : retention of song in the adult songbird /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148820355277807.

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Triantafyllidou, Maria. "The limits of species recognition: heterospecific song learning in pied flycatchers." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-303531.

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The closely related species pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) and collared flycatcher (F. albicollis) co-occur on the Swedish island of Öland, where they compete over similar resources. The majority of male pied flycatchers have been found to incorporate elements of the collared flycatcher song in their repertoire. Given that birdsong is partly inherited and partly learned, the relative contribution of genetic predispositions versus acoustic stimuli varies across different species. The results show that in pied flycatchers, song acquisition is tightly correlated with imprinting, and can therefore be greatly influenced by heterospecific tutors in their surroundings, i.e. male collared flycatchers. I found that pied males are capable of not only memorizing collared song elements, but also producing them with high fidelity. Thus, I infer that pied flycatchers are characterized by a high degree of vocal plasticity.
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Books on the topic "Song learning"

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Hua, Ting, ed. Qing song xue yan yu. Beijing: Xin shi jie chu ban she, 1997.

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Song dai shi xue si xiang shi. Hefei Shi: Huangshan shu she, 1992.

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Loreto, Joan Marie. A song for Susan: Story. [Surry, Me.]: Special Children's Friends, 1986.

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1800, Feng Yunhao b., and Huang Zongxi 1610-1695, eds. Gao ben Song Yuan xue an bu yi. Beijing Shi: Beijing tu shu guan chu ban she, 2002.

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Song dai xue shu si xiang yan jiu. Taibei Shi: You shi wen hua shi ye gong si, 1989.

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Jin, Zhongshu. Song dai xue shu si xiang yan jiu. Taibei Shi: You shi wen hua shi ye gong si, 1989.

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Liu Kezhuang yu Nan Song xue shu. Beijing Shi: Zhonghua shu ju, 2007.

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Tang Song xue shu si xiang lun ji. Taibei Shi: Wan juan lou tu shu gu fen you xian gong si, 2012.

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Jae-ii, Kim, Hong Seong-ji, and Yang Junjuan, eds. Wo neng kao di yi: Qing song cheng wei you deng sheng de xue xi mi jue. Fuzhou Shi: Hai xia wen yi chu ban she, 2004.

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Nan Song Siming Diqu jiao yu he xue shu yan jiu. Nanjing Shi: Feng huang chu ban she, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Song learning"

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Lusignan, Michael, and Daniel Margoliash. "Song Learning and Sleep." In Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning, 3150–53. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_1621.

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Marar, Shreerag, Faisal Sheikh, Debabrata Swain, and Pushkar Joglekar. "Humming-Based Song Recognition." In Machine Learning and Information Processing, 297–304. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1884-3_28.

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dos Santos, Ednei Barros. "Critical Period for Song Learning." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1650-1.

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dos Santos, Ednei Barros. "Critical Period for Song Learning." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1791–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_1650.

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Vali, D. Khasim, and Nagappa U. Bhajantri. "Deep Learning for Cover Song Apperception." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 89–99. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6353-9_9.

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Beecher, Michael D., S. Elizabeth Campbell, and J. Cully Nordby. "Bird Song Learning as an Adaptive Strategy." In Ciba Foundation Symposium 208 - Characterizing Human Psychological Adaptations, 269–85. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470515372.ch15.

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Kennedy, Lucille. "Paper, Pictures and Song: Learning Disabilities and Inclusion." In Creative Education, Teaching and Learning, 143–54. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137402141_15.

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Slater, P. J. B., and J. M. Williams. "Bird Song Learning: A Model of Cultural Transmission?" In The Ethological Roots of Culture, 95–106. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0998-7_6.

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Kaneria, Adit V., Abishek B. Rao, Shivani G. Aithal, and Smitha N. Pai. "Prediction of Song Popularity Using Machine Learning Concepts." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 35–48. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0336-5_4.

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Singh, Adarsh Kumar, Rajsonal Kaur, Devraj Sahu, and Saurabh Bilgaiyan. "Real-Time Emotion Detection and Song Recommendation Using CNN Architecture." In Machine Learning and Information Processing, 373–82. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4859-2_37.

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Conference papers on the topic "Song learning"

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Son, Sung-Hwan, Hyun-Young Lee, Gyu-Hyeon Nam, and Seung-Shik Kang. "Korean Song-lyrics Generation by Deep Learning." In the 2019 4th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3321454.3321470.

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Daher, Rema, Mohammad Kassem Zein, Julia El Zini, Mariette Awad, and Daniel Asmar. "Change Your Singer: A Transfer Learning Generative Adversarial Framework for Song to Song Conversion." In 2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9206878.

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VAN DER KANT, ANNE, and ANNEMIE VAN DER LINDEN. "NEURAL CORRELATES OF SONG PERCEPTION DURING ZEBRA FINCH SONG LEARNING AS SHOWN BY BOLD FMRI." In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference (EVOLANG9). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814401500_0129.

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Mohebbi-Kalkhoran, Hamed, Chenyang Zhu, Matthew Schinault, and Purnima Ratilal. "Classifying Humpback Whale Calls to Song and Non-Song Vocalizations using Bag of Words Descriptor on Acoustic Data." In 2019 18th IEEE International Conference On Machine Learning And Applications (ICMLA). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmla.2019.00150.

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Siriket, Kornkanya, Vera Sa-ing, and Subhorn Khonthapagdee. "Mood classification from Song Lyric using Machine Learning." In 2021 9th International Electrical Engineering Congress (iEECON). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieecon51072.2021.9440333.

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Rahayu, Ageng Tri, Mukhamad Nurhadi, and Muh Amir. "Song innovation in multimedia on stoichiometry chemical learning." In 28TH RUSSIAN CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICAL MODELLING IN NATURAL SCIENCES. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0000863.

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Romero, Raphaël, and Tijl De Bie. "Embedding-based next song recommendation for playlists." In ESANN 2022 - European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning. Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium): Ciaco - i6doc.com, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/esann/2022.es2022-28.

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Jauhari and Ria Octa Viana. "Application of Motion and Song Learning in Early Childhood." In 1st International Conference on Character Education (ICCE 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210204.032.

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Revathy, V. R., and Anitha S. Pillai. "Multi-class classification of song emotions using Machine learning." In 2022 2nd International Conference on Advance Computing and Innovative Technologies in Engineering (ICACITE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacite53722.2022.9823535.

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Zhao, Siyuan. "Popular Song Recommendation Program Based on Machine Learning Algorithm." In AIAM2021: 2021 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Manufacture. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3495018.3495478.

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Reports on the topic "Song learning"

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Tillett, Will, and Oliver Jones. Améliorer l’assainissement rural dans les contextes difficiles. The Sanitation Learning Hub, Institute of Development Studies, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.021.

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Sur les deux milliards de personnes au monde qui vivent sans accès à, au moins, un assainissement de base, sept sur dix vivent en milieu rural. Des progrès ont été faits pour accroître l’assainissement rural et les niveaux d’accès augmentent, toutefois, il reste difficile d’atteindre le « dernier kilomètre » soit les 10 à 20 pour cent de la population qui vivent dans les contextes les plus rudes. Les facteurs qui affectent la capacité des ménages à construire et utiliser des toilettes, ainsi que les difficultés auxquelles sont confrontés les programmes d’assainissement pour atteindre des groupes spécifiques sont extrêmement variés. Il est prouvé que l’adoption d’approches universelles ne donne pas de bons résultats ; par conséquent, il nous faut des approches plus nuancées, adaptées et ciblées pour refléter l’universalité des Objectifs de développement durable (ODD) et faire en sorte que personne ne soit laissé de côté. Toutefois, nous reconnaissons que les difficultés peuvent être persistantes et qu’il n’existe que peu d’exemples documentés sur la manière de les surmonter de manière systématique. La Sanitation Learning Hub, l’UNICEF et WaterAid ont commandité cette étude pour cartographier les approches d’assainissement rural dans des contextes difficiles et les conseils actuellement prodigués, et pour recenser les expériences et enseignements qui s’en dégagent. Elle a englobé des entretiens avec 44 informateurs clés (EIC) et la consultation de plus de 180 ressources documentaires. Cette Note d’apprentissage donne une vue d’ensemble des conclusions de l’étude.
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Serneels, Pieter, and Stefan Dercon. Aspirations, Poverty and Education: Evidence from India. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2020/053.

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This paper investigates whether aspirations matter for education, which offers a common route out of poverty. We find that mother aspirations are strongly related to the child’s grade achieved at age 18. The relation is nonlinear, suggesting there is a threshold, and depends on caste, household income and the village setting. The coefficients remain large and significant when applying control function estimation, using firstborn son as instrument. A similar strong relation is observed with learning outcomes, including local language, English and maths test results, and with attending school, but not with attending private education. These results are confirmed for outcomes at age 15. The findings provide direct evidence on the contribution of mother aspirations to children’s education outcomes and point to aspirations as a channel of intergenerational mobility. They suggest that education outcomes can be improved more rapidly by taking aspirations into account when targeting education programmes, and through interventions that shape aspirations.
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Fortaleciendo las capacidades de programación centradas en niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes: Cuaderno de trabajo—tercer taller. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2018.1024.

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Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa [Let’s Design our Program Together] is a collection of tools developed with the objective of complementing the learning of coordinators of the Childhood, Adolescence and Youth Programs (PMIAJ / COMVIDA) that are implemented in different municipalities of Honduras. These tools supplement the material produced by the Population Council as part of a series of workshops called "Strengthening programmatic capacities focused on children, adolescents and young people," taught in 2017. The tools in this collection (see below) will help those who use them to offer advice about recruitment strategies for program participants, identify subgroups of participants in high risk and vulnerable conditions, build protective assets for program participants, and monitor the progress of activities and report participation data for the program. --- Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa es una colección de herramientas elaboradas con el objetivo de complementar el aprendizaje de las y los coordinadores de los Programas de Infancia, Adolescencia y Juventud (PMIAJ/COMVIDA) que se implementan en diferentes municipios de Honduras. Estas herramientas son un complemento al material producido por Population Council como parte de una serie de talleres llamados “Fortaleciendo las capacidades programáticas centradas en niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes,” impartidos en 2017. Las herramientas de esta colección (ver más abajo) ayudarán a quienes las utilicen a asesorar estrategias de reclutamiento de participantes del programa, identificar subgrupos de participantes en mayores condiciones de riesgo y vulnerabilidad, construir activos protectores de las y los participantes del programa, y monitorear el avance de las actividades y reportar datos de participación en el programa.
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Fortaleciendo las capacidades de programación centradas en niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes: Cuaderno de trabajo—primer taller. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2018.1022.

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Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa [Let’s Design our Program Together] is a collection of tools developed with the objective of complementing the learning of coordinators of the Childhood, Adolescence and Youth Programs (PMIAJ / COMVIDA) that are implemented in different municipalities of Honduras. These tools supplement the material produced by the Population Council as part of a series of workshops called "Strengthening programmatic capacities focused on children, adolescents and young people," taught in 2017. The tools in this collection (see below) will help those who use them to offer advice about recruitment strategies for program participants, identify subgroups of participants in high risk and vulnerable conditions, build protective assets for program participants, and monitor the progress of activities and report participation data for the program. --- Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa es una colección de herramientas elaboradas con el objetivo de complementar el aprendizaje de las y los coordinadores de los Programas de Infancia, Adolescencia y Juventud (PMIAJ/COMVIDA) que se implementan en diferentes municipios de Honduras. Estas herramientas son un complemento al material producido por Population Council como parte de una serie de talleres llamados “Fortaleciendo las capacidades programáticas centradas en niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes,” impartidos en 2017. Las herramientas de esta colección (ver más abajo) ayudarán a quienes las utilicen a asesorar estrategias de reclutamiento de participantes del programa, identificar subgrupos de participantes en mayores condiciones de riesgo y vulnerabilidad, construir activos protectores de las y los participantes del programa, y monitorear el avance de las actividades y reportar datos de participación en el programa.
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Fortaleciendo las capacidades de programación centradas en niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes: Ejercicio para la construcción de activos protectores—tercer taller. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2018.1025.

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Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa [Let’s Design our Program Together] is a collection of tools developed with the objective of complementing the learning of coordinators of the Childhood, Adolescence and Youth Programs (PMIAJ / COMVIDA) that are implemented in different municipalities of Honduras. These tools supplement the material produced by the Population Council as part of a series of workshops called "Strengthening programmatic capacities focused on children, adolescents and young people," taught in 2017. The tools in this collection (see below) will help those who use them to offer advice about recruitment strategies for program participants, identify subgroups of participants in high risk and vulnerable conditions, build protective assets for program participants, and monitor the progress of activities and report participation data for the program. --- Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa es una colección de herramientas elaboradas con el objetivo de complementar el aprendizaje de las y los coordinadores de los Programas de Infancia, Adolescencia y Juventud (PMIAJ/COMVIDA) que se implementan en diferentes municipios de Honduras. Estas herramientas son un complemento al material producido por Population Council como parte de una serie de talleres llamados “Fortaleciendo las capacidades programáticas centradas en niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes,” impartidos en 2017. Las herramientas de esta colección (ver más abajo) ayudarán a quienes las utilicen a asesorar estrategias de reclutamiento de participantes del programa, identificar subgrupos de participantes en mayores condiciones de riesgo y vulnerabilidad, construir activos protectores de las y los participantes del programa, y monitorear el avance de las actividades y reportar datos de participación en el programa.
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Fortaleciendo las capacidades de programación centradas en niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes: Cuaderno de trabajo—segundo taller. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2018.1023.

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Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa [Let’s Design our Program Together] is a collection of tools developed with the objective of complementing the learning of coordinators of the Childhood, Adolescence and Youth Programs (PMIAJ / COMVIDA) that are implemented in different municipalities of Honduras. These tools supplement the material produced by the Population Council as part of a series of workshops called "Strengthening programmatic capacities focused on children, adolescents and young people," taught in 2017. The tools in this collection (see below) will help those who use them to offer advice about recruitment strategies for program participants, identify subgroups of participants in high risk and vulnerable conditions, build protective assets for program participants, and monitor the progress of activities and report participation data for the program. --- Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa es una colección de herramientas elaboradas con el objetivo de complementar el aprendizaje de las y los coordinadores de los Programas de Infancia, Adolescencia y Juventud (PMIAJ/COMVIDA) que se implementan en diferentes municipios de Honduras. Estas herramientas son un complemento al material producido por Population Council como parte de una serie de talleres llamados “Fortaleciendo las capacidades programáticas centradas en niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes,” impartidos en 2017. Las herramientas de esta colección (ver más abajo) ayudarán a quienes las utilicen a asesorar estrategias de reclutamiento de participantes del programa, identificar subgrupos de participantes en mayores condiciones de riesgo y vulnerabilidad, construir activos protectores de las y los participantes del programa, y monitorear el avance de las actividades y reportar datos de participación en el programa.
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Fortaleciendo las capacidades de programación centradas en niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes: Listado de Niños, Niñas, Adolescentes y Jóvenes—Herramienta de mapeo comunitario. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2018.1026.

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Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa [Let’s Design our Program Together] is a collection of tools developed with the objective of complementing the learning of coordinators of the Childhood, Adolescence and Youth Programs (PMIAJ / COMVIDA) that are implemented in different municipalities of Honduras. These tools supplement the material produced by the Population Council as part of a series of workshops called "Strengthening programmatic capacities focused on children, adolescents and young people," taught in 2017. The tools in this collection (see below) will help those who use them to offer advice about recruitment strategies for program participants, identify subgroups of participants in high risk and vulnerable conditions, build protective assets for program participants, and monitor the progress of activities and report participation data for the program. --- Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa es una colección de herramientas elaboradas con el objetivo de complementar el aprendizaje de las y los coordinadores de los Programas de Infancia, Adolescencia y Juventud (PMIAJ/COMVIDA) que se implementan en diferentes municipios de Honduras. Estas herramientas son un complemento al material producido por Population Council como parte de una serie de talleres llamados “Fortaleciendo las capacidades programáticas centradas en niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes,” impartidos en 2017. Las herramientas de esta colección (ver más abajo) ayudarán a quienes las utilicen a asesorar estrategias de reclutamiento de participantes del programa, identificar subgrupos de participantes en mayores condiciones de riesgo y vulnerabilidad, construir activos protectores de las y los participantes del programa, y monitorear el avance de las actividades y reportar datos de participación en el programa.
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Programas Municipales de Infancia Adolescencia y Juventud, Honduras: Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa. Population Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/sbsr2018.1021.

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Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa [Let’s Design our Program Together] is a collection of tools developed with the objective of complementing the learning of coordinators of the Childhood, Adolescence and Youth Programs (PMIAJ / COMVIDA) that are implemented in different municipalities of Honduras. These tools supplement the material produced by the Population Council as part of a series of workshops called "Strengthening programmatic capacities focused on children, adolescents and young people," taught in 2017. The tools in this collection (see below) will help those who use them to offer advice about recruitment strategies for program participants, identify subgroups of participants in high risk and vulnerable conditions, build protective assets for program participants, and monitor the progress of activities and report participation data for the program. --- Diseñemos juntos nuestro programa es una colección de herramientas elaboradas con el objetivo de complementar el aprendizaje de las y los coordinadores de los Programas de Infancia, Adolescencia y Juventud (PMIAJ/COMVIDA) que se implementan en diferentes municipios de Honduras. Estas herramientas son un complemento al material producido por Population Council como parte de una serie de talleres llamados “Fortaleciendo las capacidades programáticas centradas en niños, niñas, adolescentes y jóvenes,” impartidos en 2017. Las herramientas de esta colección (ver más abajo) ayudarán a quienes las utilicen a asesorar estrategias de reclutamiento de participantes del programa, identificar subgrupos de participantes en mayores condiciones de riesgo y vulnerabilidad, construir activos protectores de las y los participantes del programa, y monitorear el avance de las actividades y reportar datos de participación en el programa.
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