Dissertations / Theses on the topic '"Soninké"'
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Diagana, Yacouba. "Eléments de grammaire du soninke." Paris, INALCO, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INAL0012.
Full textRazy, Elodie. "Devenir Soninké : une ethnologie de la petite enfance au Mali." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0111.
Full textCamara, Hawa. "Compétences et pratiques langagières en situation transculturelle : parcours langagiers des enfants bilingues soninké-français." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H127.
Full textMigrant children grow up in bilingual and multilingual surroundings in France and are often considered as allophones. The relationship of children to languages changes during their development, but few of them master two languages. We were interested in children growing up in immigrant families speaking soninke, which is a West African language of oral tradition. For that, by means the ELAL d'Avicenne, a unique tool created and developed by a multidisciplinary team in the department of child and adolescent psychopathology at Avicenne hospital, we met 4 to 6 year-old children in Mauritania (Soninke) and in France (French and Soninke). Language assessments of these children linked to their family stories and their parents' migration stories, have allowed us to initiate tracks on the factors involved in the acquisition and transmission of, the soninke language in France, and to show the importance of bilingualism, regardless of its degree, in transcultural situations
Bathily, Naye. "La légende comme genre dans la littérature orale africaine : étude comparée de légendes de crocodiles le long du fleuve Sénégal." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131029.
Full textIn the tradition of other African studies, the present thesis is about the acknowledgement of the legend and its different ways of spotting it as a kind in the Soninke literature panorama, a raised question through all the African oral literature. Though already acknowledged as a sort of speech the legend fulfils an aesthetic and social role. Nevertheless, it is often confused and assimilated to with other kinds of literature such as the tale, the myth and the fable. The legend hasn’t got yet a defined domain unlike the other forms of oral literature. Both a theoretical and a practical approach were used to close in on the legend and to bring out its characteristics in the Soninke context which is marked by the river narrations. I established and analysed a corpus composed of unheard recitals collected in the villages alongside the Senegal River. It revealed the crocodile as a highly symbolic animal. It is the matter of all concerns either as a predator or a tutelary guardian (demigod?) and it nourishes the river side populations’ imaginary. Studying these recitals allowed me to set the legend into the system as well as in the chronology of Soninke literature. The legend is a hybrid of morphological traits of the tale, myth, epic and urban legend. It developed a fascinating specificity and at the same time rising the question of the evolution of kinds in African oral literature, beyond any other approach
N’Diaye, Hamidou. "Une ville africaine en Ile-de-France ? : les Soninké entre Montreuil et le Val-Fourré." Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100017.
Full textThis thesis, whose author is a native of West Africa, was originally inspired by the desire to investigate the nature of African settlement in France in general and more particularly in the area of the Ile-de-France (Greater Paris). The organization of Asian communities, concentrated in a few strategic neighborhoods they have made their own, has been strikingly successful in spite of the French Republic’s opposition to any kind of communitarianism. It was also recognized that immigration from the Maghreb (North Africa) and more broadly the population of Muslim origin had left its mark – albeit in a more diffuse manner – on numerous suburbs as well as in the north of Paris. The Sub-Saharan presence, which at first followed in the footsteps of that of North Africa, has tended to distinguish itself from the latter, making its own mark on other large territories. Beyond these obvious differences, our wish was to explore the nature of African citadinity in France, taking as example the case of the Soninké influx originating along the banks of the Senegal river. We met and talked with them in two environments of particular significance in their itinerary in the Ile-de-France: the hostels of Montreuil and the Val-Fourré housing estate in Mantes-la-Jolie. Although the essential aim of this thesis was to understand how the Soninkés were managing to cope with all the contradictions inherent in their migratory plans, we quite naturally also became interested in the reverse perspective of how the French population might see them
Gueye, Seydou Hamady. "Islam chez les Maures, les Hâlpulâr et les Soninké : maraboutisme, confrérisme, syncrétisme, identités nationales et nationalismes." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082382.
Full textDiagana, Seydina-Ousmane. "Contact de langues : approche sociolinguistique des emprunts du soninké au français, à l'arabe et au pulaar." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H088.
Full textSy, Yaya. "Les associations villageoises soninke en France (AVSF) : (leur rôle dans la dynamique associative africaine en France et le développement des villages d'origine)." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H090.
Full textAtsé, N'Cho Jean-Baptiste. "Langues africaines, identités et pratiques linguistiques en situation migratoire. Le foyer de travailleurs migrants en région parisienne comme interface entre ici et là-bas." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030091.
Full textOur research focuses on relations between African languages, identities and linguistic practices in migration situation and draws on the work lying in the fields of linguistic anthropology and sociology of immigration. From land conducted in three outbreaks of migrant workers in Montreuil, a suburb east of Paris region, we explore the methods employed by the residents of these homes to communicate with others in relation to the context and interlocutors. Ethnolinguistic vitality of a language as the Soninke, the contact of African languages among themselves and between them and the French (the language of the former colonizer and the host country) in the other workers hostels migrants, with all modes of appropriation and reconfiguration of the reception areas are central to our thinking
Gueye, Doudou Dièye. "Migrants sahéliens : pacte migratoire et mobilisations communautaires." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002VERS018S.
Full textThe migration of Soninkes and Toucouleurs' ethnics groups from the Senegal valley region is generally viewed as being under the control of the community benefit. And we try to understand the full the full details of this community control, we can notice a full system or a kind of a "migratory agreement that explains a sort of mutual investment between the migrants themselves and a their originated communities. The notion of mobilization considered an intense mental process to get emancipated from a probable fatal destiny, is put forward to explain this system. The migratory dynamics and migrants' strategies and their families to keep a real contact with people in villages are viewed from different generations' point of view and reveal that the innovations noticed in migration bring about an opposition between traditional hierarchies and new migrants' behaviours. And this rises the issue wether this "migratory system" will last for ever
Lavigne, Delville Philippe. "Migrations internationales, restructurations agraires et dynamiques associatives en pays soninké et haalpulaar (1975-1990), essai d'anthropologie du changement social et du développement." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00913481.
Full textDiagana, Abdoulaye. "Transfert de normes et logiques d'acteurs en pays soninké : quand la décentralisation redistribue les équilibres politiques à l'échelle locale : Mauritanie, Mali, Sénégal." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUEL034.
Full textThe evolution of governance and, beyond that of education for democracy, is facing a crisis which impact on decision making are named profiteering, cronyism, manipulation of elections. . . The crisis of democracy is manifested by various symptoms which include the decline in voter turnout, the loss of trust in politicians, the declining credibility of political parties and, more generally, a loss of legitimacy of political institutions. Moreover, the ultimate manifestation of this disaffection is re flected in a series of protests and post election political violence which sometimes go up to the mortgage on the existence of these states while making it unlikely that the very idea of building a statonational project politically and economically viable. Therefore, what is the sense of experimenting democracy at a local level that is being introduced by the process of decentralization. ? Away from the centers of decision, the people of « the Soninke Country » are encouraged to develop a territory that the state has neglected for lack of ressources. This is over a background of tension between an effort of modernization and a traditional & conservative logic that the State is trying to give itself a meaning
N'Diaye, Boubacar. "Les Soninké de la moyenne vallée du Sénégal : évolution comparée de la consommation alimentaire et du fonctionnement des unités de production agricole." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON10049.
Full textTimera, Mahamet. "Les Immigrés Sooninke dans la ville : situations migratoires et stratégies identitaires dans l'espace résidentiel et professionnel." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0012.
Full textThis research is based on three topics : (1) social relations, (2) migratory strategies, and (3) identity logics, and on two settings : the residential space and the occupational space. The insertion of sooninke migrants still mainly takes place within a communal and marginal framework. Settlement and arrival of families lead to the establishment of new social networks. Women play a strategic part in the process. The 1980s marked a breaking point as well as major rearrangements for the migratory scheme. The immigrant is primarily a worker, and the occupational space is the preferred place for settlement and cross-ethnic interaction. Although the immigrants are low-level on the qualification scale, the working place does not seem to be the preferred place for ethnicity and differentness voicing. In this regard, the place of residence acts as the strategic scene and the focus of social contradictions. The current immigrations will inevitably lead to a fusion inside the "french melting pot". The french society seems to open itself toward lasting, if not perennial, social and cultural spaces, toward a multipolarization whose existence is mainly based on the continuance of migratory flows. The future of emigration countries is increasingly dependent on what the migrants bring back. These appear as the participants in a potential development of the countries they originate from. Yet, would this not be too optimistic an answer to the fundamental question : is emigration an advantage or a hindrance, if not the exploitation of the emigration countries ?
Ndione, Louis César. "Acculturations du consommateur à partir des parcours migratoires : le cas des venants sénégalais." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUED010.
Full textIn the wake of the Consumer Culture Theory (C. C. T. ) in general and the Identity Project in particular, this dissertation tries to go beyond the classical researches on consumer acculturation and stresses movements within migrations in an diachronic approach. The empirical case of the Senegalese diaspora in France, the so-called venants, who return ‘on holidays’ to the country of their origins, is at the heart of this research. However, the migratory experience of these venants is not to be considered as oneway migratory movements. It is to be replaced in a global vision, given that the globalization of migrations and the advent of a mobility era induce that these coming and going movements are at the same time both infranational and international, and taking place in the North as well as in the South. In a qualitative and interpretative perspective, we began our researches with an ethnographic study of an homogenous identity group of immigrated Soninké workers, at first in their heterotopic homes in Rouen (Normandy) and then in their villages of origin. Beyond this Senegalese traditional immigration, we afterwards widened our population of study to other migratory groups. Within this framework, narratives of life were mobilized as tools for collecting data. The results of this research, such as disclosed in the migration culture, highlight the importance of the socialization processes in the identity courses of the migrants and in their practices of consumption. Consequently, it has appeared that the forms of exchanges at the heart of these coming and going movements partake in the globalization of culture and in the commodification of the world. The traditional pattern is still at work among the Soninké workers, while within other migratory groups one can observe that these forms of exchanges tend to diverge from tradition
Soumaré, Mamadou. "Enjeux politiques autour d'un projet de développement : le cas du village de Khabou (Mauritanie)." Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05H069.
Full textDue to the inefficiency of public authorities and an irrelevant international co-opération, development projects initiated by emigrants’associations in their native villages are today in Mauritania, more and more significant. However, these projects come up against many difficulties. As an illustration, we study in this thesis the case of a health project that has been designed by emigrants coming from Khabou, a soninke village in the Senegal river basin. We show that it’s implementation is jeopardized by political rivalries, especially with regard to the problem of land property, between the representatives of state power and local traditional leaders
Clouet, Claire. "La diaspora de la chambre 107 : ethnographie des pratiques musicales et dansées des Soninkés en Ile-de-France." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH106/document.
Full textThe Soninkes come from a borderland between Mali, Mauritania and Senegal. Their presence in France has been studied in terms of labour migration, but not as a cultural and artistic diaspora. My work concentrates on this unnoticed social dimension. The ethnographic survey begins in the standardised rooms of a Parisan shelter for migrant workers. First of all, I study how the shelter’s inhabitants, only men, shape their living space through sound. They live in confined spaces but the music they listen to and the videos they look at on their smartphones refer to a plethora of spaces in the Paris region and in West Africa. To explore these communities, I join a Soninké dance troupe called Xhambane Kaffo (We are all united in the same language) located in Sarcelles, a short drive north of Paris. Following the dancers and the musicians of this troupe, I go to reception halls, to municipal spaces, to theatres where they lead wedding parties, cultural days, association meetings and elections of diaspora queens. The survey moves then to West Africa : first to Dakar and Bakel, Senegal, following the artistic journey of the Xhambane Kaffo’s troupe director ; then to Mauritania, to meet the families of the Parisian migrant workers. Moving from one point to another allowed me to show how these men, categorized as migrants and single, sit within both a transnational and interpersonal social network. My work argues that if some cultural and artistic practices, such as the Soninkés’ diasporic encounters, are categorized as « invisible » in the urban area, it is because they are seen through a sedentary vision of space
Diawara, Mamadou. "La dimension sociale et politique des traditions orales du royaume de jaara (mali) du xve au milieu du xixe siecle." Paris, EHESS, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985EHESA004.
Full textHomolle, Patrick. "D'une rive à l'autre : un jeu d'espaces et de formes : associations villageoises dans la région de Kayes au Mali." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H016.
Full textA process of multiple exchanges has been established between migrants native to the Kayes region - an area which has been characterised by the extreme mobilily of its population throughout its history - living in France in a specific type of residence called foyers (hostels) and their villages. This study undertakes to describe this phenomenon using the project of the “village associations” and the resulting modifications in the village space. The question of development is inherent in all these projects. Beyond what could be revealed by the capture of one universe by another or the borrowing of one or another form in either of the two spaces, the projects attempt in their on way to organise compatibilities between the different perspectives of seeing the world and different senses. These projects also take into account the people’s homecoming whose belonging to the “in-between universe” has changed their relationship with the village. The latter can no longer be thought of without referring to the migrant”. In an ethnological context, by going back and forth beteen the finers and the villages. This studv tries to capture the movement in ail its complexity
Wagué, Cheikhna. "Les communautés soninkées du Fouta Toro (Mauritanie, Sénégal) depuis la fin du XVIIIe siècle : peuplements, migrations et stratégies identitaires." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010568.
Full textDiallo, Saliou Dit Baba. "Bakel (Sénégal) : trajectoires d'une ville de la moyenne vallée du fleuve Sénégal (XVIIe - XXIe siècles)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Poitiers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016POIT5038.
Full textUnlike the predominantly monographic approach in the field of African historiography in general and Senegal in particular, this thesis puts forward a model of a city which trajectory lies between a homogeneous pattern and cosmopolitan linear model. Using the case of the town of Bakel (Senegal), this study tackles, over a long period of time, the link between the history of settlement, colonialism and the international migrations, by focusing on logical changes and continuities. In line with academic works on micro-history, our approach gives close attention to the clientelist, differential and competitive logics, to family ties, to internal resources specific to families and their lived and sustained experiences. This therefore is to think differently about the town from family trajectories, readapted to macroscopic changes. Thus, results of a historical analysis of the "long-term" shows that Bakel first bore the image of a "native" territory characterised by a failed coexistence between a "Wolof model" and a "Soninké model" fron the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. Then it carried the imprint of a "French territory" right from the early nineteenth century. From the 1960 independence period until the 1990s, Bakel displayed this characteristic which has secreted colonial, migratory and sedentary experiences, in line with both logical changes and continuities. Since the 1990s, under globalization, the urbanization process of Bakel has undergone a singular transformation, making it a space of expression of multiple identities. The analysis of family trajectories, connected to macroscopic changes in the town of Bakel, has allowed to privide a homogeneous look to attribute to this territory, mainly known as "pays soninké"
Tamari, Tal. "Les castes au Soudan Occidental : étude anthropologique et historique." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100018.
Full textThe thesis bears on the "castes" (groups of endogamous specialists) characteristic of some fifteen ethnic groups of west Africa (the savannah zone and adjacent regions of the desert and forest zones), including the Manding, Soninke, Songhay, Fulani, Tukulor, Wolof, Dogon, Senufo, Minianka, Dan, Moors and Tuaregs. The castes most frequently encountered are those of the bards (musician-praise singers), blacksmiths, leatherworkers, and woodworkers. The thesis compares the western Sudanese "castes" to other systems and institutions termed "castes" around the world. The historical portion of the thesis makes use of medieval Arabic sources, Arabic language chronicles composed in West Africa, and European travelers’ accounts, as well as oral sources including the Manding epic of Sunjata. The comparison of the vocabularies used in the different West African languages for designating the caste people shows many instances of word borrowing, permitting in some cases to trace the migrations of caste people. The historical portion shows that caste people were present among the Manding before 1300, among the Wolof before 1500, and among the Soninke, Fulani and Songhay before 1600. It shows that all western Sudanese castes ultimately developed from at most three centers, located among the Manding, Soninke and Wolof
Atsé, N'Cho Jean-Baptiste. "Langues africaines, identités et pratiques linguistiques en situation migratoire. Le foyer de travailleurs migrants en région parisienne comme interface entre ici et là-bas." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00655843.
Full textPetit, Agathe. "La mort au loin : les pratiques funéraires des migrants africains en France." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0101.
Full textBurgen, Benjamin Ryan. "The social and economic implications of migration case study of a Soninke village in Mauritania /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2008/b_burgen_012809.pdf.
Full textTitle from PDF title page (viewed on June 30, 2009). "Department of Anthropology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-160).
Diagana, Yacouba. "Éléments de grammaire du soninké /." [Vitry-sur-Seine] (1 rue Arthur-Rimbaud, 94400) : Association Linguistique africaine, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35715641x.
Full textKante, Nianguiry. "Contribution a la connaissance de la migration soninke en france." Paris 8, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA080070.
Full textIn point of view of the publics autorities, the no europeans' migration in france may be temporary and conditionned by economies' reasons. Politicly, this idea excludes the politics of: integration , assimiliation and the recognition of the immigrants. These immigrants would not be invited to participate in the discussions on matters concerning them. This is to say that they are never consulted before deciding their problems. These attitudes had favorised the practices of "free" grouping of africains in privates hearths without conforts where a lodger had somethings as 2m2 (two meters squares. ) in 1964, the gouvernment charged some privates associations stated by law of 1901 to lodge africains workers (in theirs charges). The autority confide the privates associations to "the" central case of economic cooperation founded by the french gouvernment in 1949 for his' colonies. But present study is shawing that the africains have again housing problems. It shawed that in 25 hearths realised by the privates associations in 1985, 90% of 10. 360 residents lived in rooms where nobody had not 4m2 (four meters squares). -that 35% of the 10. 360 personns had no beds. -and that in some hearths reserved by the privates associations for immigrants of other ethnics, there were unoccupied beds
GAIBAZZI, PAOLO. "Migration, soninke young men and the dynamics of staying behind, the Gambia." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/10931.
Full textMendiguren, de la Vega Berta. "Inmigración, medicalización y cambio social entre los Soninke: El caso de Dramané (Malí)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8420.
Full textThe Malian sanitary system, based on the primary attention, counts on one of its greater degrees of development in the region of Kayes, thanks to the resources contributed by the immigrants who have allowed the proliferation of health centers in their towns of origin. Nevertheless, this system faces in this region a defendant problem of jump of level in the sanitary pyramid, carried out by the relatives of Soninké immigrants, who refuse to be treated in the centers of communitarian health of their area by affections that could be cured at this level and overload the emergency services in the hospitals and the deprived clinics of the capital. This phenomenon, so simple in appearance, is nourished of a multiplicity of generating factors among which we can enumerate: the fight of traditional powers in the Soninké ethnic group; the development of the liberation of women in the Malian rural scope (the level jump mainly occurs in the population category of Soninké women in age to procreate) and the rivalries between spouses derived from the polygyny which are accentuated by the absence of the husband in the migration; the conflict among different conceptions from the biomedicine (the one which the state system wants to develop under the supervision of the IMF and the countries donors and the one transmitted by the testimony of the immigrants in Europe) or the necessity of the emigrants in Europe and the Malian capital to stay in contact with its towns of origin through its implication in the health/illness/care processes.
The study of the process of institutionalization of the biomedicine in a Soninké rural community of Western Mali (sanitary area of Dramané) will allow us to apprehend how this society takes control of this process to manage its own "social fractures" and rivalries updated with immigration and how each social actor uses his solidarian implication in the processes of health/illness/care to rebalance his social position.
Key words: Medicalization, processes of health/illness/care, immigration, co-development, Mali, Soninké culture, social change, genre, solidarty.
Los movimientos migratorios constituyen un fenómeno estructural en el seno de la sociedad soninké de la región de Kayes (Malí), llegando a afectar a los principios fundamentales de su sistema cultural. Uno de los mecanismos a través del cual dicha sociedad intenta regular el cambio social provocado por la migración es la medicalización.
El sistema sanitario maliense, basado en la atención primaria, cuenta con uno de sus mayores grados de desarrollo en la región de Kayes, gracias a los recursos aportados por los inmigrantes que han permitido la proliferación de centros de salud en sus poblados de origen. Sin embargo, dicho sistema se enfrenta en esta región a un acusado problema de salto de nivel en la pirámide sanitaria, protagonizado por los parientes de inmigrantes soninké, que se niegan a ser tratados en los centros de salud comunitaria de su área por afecciones que podrían ser curadas en este nivel y sobrecargan los servicios de urgencias de los hospitales y las clínicas privadas de la capital. Este fenómeno, tan simple en apariencia, se nutre de una multiplicidad de factores generadores entre los que podemos enumerar: la lucha de poderes tradicionales en el seno de la etnia soninké; el desarrollo de la liberación de la mujer (el salto de nivel se da sobre todo en la categoría poblacional de mujeres soninké en edad de procrear) en el ámbito rural maliense y las rivalidades entre coesposas derivada de la poliginia que se ven acentuadas por la ausencia del marido en la migración; el conflicto entre diferentes concepciones de la biomedicina (la que quiere desarrollar el estado bajo la supervisión del FMI y los países donantes y la transmitida por el testimonio de los inmigrantes en Europa) o la necesidad de los emigrantes en Europa y en la capital maliense de mantenerse en contacto con sus poblados de origen a través de su implicación en los procesos de salud/enfermedad/atención.
El estudio del proceso de institucionalización de la biomedicina en una comunidad rural soninké del Oeste de Malí (área sanitaria de Dramané) nos permitirá aprehender cómo esta sociedad se apropia de dicho proceso para gestionar sus propias «fracturas sociales» y rivalidades actualizadas con la inmigración y cómo cada actor social se sirve de su implicación solidaria en los procesos de salud/enfermedad/atención para reequilibrar su posición social.
Palabras clave: Medicalización, procesos de salud/enfermedad/atención, inmigración, codesarrollo, Malí, cultura soninké, cambio social, género, solidaridad.
Kante, Nianguiry. "Contribution à la connaissance de la migration Soninké en France." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37598633m.
Full textDiagana, Ousmane Moussa. "La langue soninkée : morphosyntaxe et sens à travers le parler de Kaédi (Mauritanie) /." Paris : Ed. l'Harmattan, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35813316k.
Full textDiabira, Brahima. "Le royaume du Gidimaxa (Guidimakha) ou la formation d'un état Soninke en Mauritanie méridionale (VIIIe-XVIIe siècles)." Lille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL3A007.
Full textPurswell, Valerie Gaddis. "Place, Bound By A Circle A Hospice." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35412.
Full textMaster of Architecture
Frini, Marouane. "Diagnostic des engrenages à base des indicateurs géométriques des signaux électriques triphasés." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSES052.
Full textAlthough they are widely used, classical vibration measurements have several limitations. Vibration analysis can only identify about 60% of the defects that may occur in mechanical systems. However, the main drawbacks of vibration measurements are the difficult access to the transmission system in order to place the sensor as well as the consequent cost of implementation. This results in sensitivity problems relative to the position of the installation and the difficulty to distinguish the source of vibration because of the diversity of mechanical excitations that exist in the industrial environment.Hence, the Motor Current Signatures Analysis (M.C.S.A.) represents a promising alternative to the vibration analysis and has therefore been the subject of increasing attention in recent years. Indeed, the analysis of electrical signatures has the advantage of being a technically accessible method as well as inexpensive and non-intrusive to the system. Techniques based on currents and voltages only require the motor’s electrical measurements which are often already supervised for the purposes of the control and the protection of the electrical machines. This process was mainly used for the detection of motors faults such as rotor bars breakage and eccentricity faults as well as bearings defects. On the other hand, very little research has been focused on gear faults detection using the current analysis. In addition, three-phase electrical signals are characterized by specific geometric representations related to their waveforms and they can serve as different indicators providing additional information. Among these geometric indicators, the Park and Concordia transforms model the electrical components in a two-dimensional coordinate system and any deviation from the original representation indicates the apparition of a malfunction. Moreover, the differential equations of Frenet-Serret represent the trajectory of the signal in a three-dimensional euclidean space and thus indicate any changes in the state of the system. Although they have been previously used for bearing defects, these indicators have not been applied in the detection of gear defects using the analysis of electrical current signatures. Hence, the innovative idea of combining these indicators with signal processing techniques, as well as classification techniques for gears diagnosis using the three-phase motor’s electrical current signatures analysis is established.Hence, in this work, a new approach is proposed for gear faults diagnosis using the motor currents analysis, based on a set of geometric indicators (Park and Concordia transforms as well as the properties of the Frenet-Serret frame). These indicators are part of a specifically built fault signatures library and which also includes the classical indicators used for a wide range of faults. Thus, a proposed estimation algorithm combines experimental measurements of electrical signals with advanced signal processing methods (Empirical Mode Decomposition, ...). Next, it selects the most relevant indicators within the library based on feature selection algorithms (Sequential Backward Selection and Principal Component Analysis). Finally, this selection is combined with non-supervised classification (K-means) for the distinction between the healthy state and faulty states. It was finally validated with a an additional experimental configuration in different cases with gear faults, bearing faults and combined faults with various load levels
Diagne, Anna Marie [Verfasser]. "Phonologie et morphologie du soninke : une analyse non lineaire / von Anna Marie Diagne." 2006. http://d-nb.info/978442261/34.
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