Journal articles: 'Sorgho – Variabilité'

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Kaboré, Blaise K., Luc Couture, Daniel Dostaler, and Louis Bernier. "Variabilité phénétique duColletotrichum graminicoladu sorgho." Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 23, no. 2 (June 2001): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07060660109506921.

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Abdelkader, Allam, Aïssa Tirichine, Habib Madani, and Wiam Benlamoud. "Morphological variability of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) cultivated in the valley of Oued Righ (South-East Algeria)." Lebanese Science Journal 19, no. 1 (April 27, 2018): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22453/lsj-019.1.010-018.

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The present work aimedto establish a morphological characterization of 10 sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) cultivars sampled from farmers of OuedRigh valley. The study wasbased on the evaluation of 20 agro-morphological parameters of which 14 are quantitative and 6 qualitative.Principal components analysis (ACP) of the results suggested interdependence of evaluated parameters and showedsignificant differences amongcultivars. The study revealed eight highly significant correlations, including four positive and four negative. The cultivars of the Blidet Amorregion, Bouhnik"BA1"and Mahjoubi "BA3",and the cultivar of the Nezla region, Boucetta "N4" expressed the best values for the number of tillers, the length of the seed and the weight of 1000 seeds.

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Clerget, Benoît." "Variabilité de la vitesse de développement chez le sorgho cultivé (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) et relation avec le photopériodisme." Cahiers Agricultures 17, no. 2 (2008): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/agr.2008.0176.

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Ouedraogo, Jean, Idriss Serme, Mathias Bouinzemwendé Pouya, Sogo Bassirou Sanon, Korodjouma Ouattara, and François Lompo. "Improvement of sorghum productivity through introducing integrated soil fertility management options in the Northern Sudanian zone of Burkina Faso." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 9 (March 25, 2021): 3262–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i9.23.

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Agricultural intensification is a necessity to ensure food security in the Sahel countries. This study aimed at assessing the effects of technological packages of integrated soil fertility management on sorghum productivity. An experiment was set up in dispersed blocks design where each producer constituted a repetition. Fertilizers were applied using the microdose technique. The results showed that the best grain yields of sorghum are obtained with the technology combining stone bunds + zaï + NPK + urea with respectively 1428.70 kg / ha in 2018 and 1158.40 kg / ha in 2019. The grain yield gaps between the current farmers’ practice under stone bunds and ISFM packages varied from 5.66% to 44.45% in 2018 and from 25.15% to 53.80% in 2019. In the context of climate variability and climate change, these results show that water harvesting techniques such as stone bunds and the zaï, associated with microdose are viable and sustainable alternative for improving agricultural productivity. L’intensification agricole est une nécessité pour assurer la sécurité alimentaire dans les pays du sahel. Cette étude avait pour objectif d’évaluer les effets de paquets technologiques de gestion intégrée de la fertilité des sols sur la productivité du sorgho. Pour ce faire, un dispositif en blocs dispersés a été mis en place en milieu paysan où chaque producteur constituait une répétition. Les paquets technologiques se composent des formules de fumures et/ou des techniques de conservation des eaux et des sols (CES). Les engrais ont été apportés selon la technique de la microdose. Les résultats ont montré que les meilleurs rendements grains du sorgho ont été obtenus avec la technologie cordons pierreux + zaï + NPK + urée avec respectivement 1428,70 kg/ha en 2018 et 1158,40 kg/ha en 2019. Les gaps de rendement grains entre la pratique actuelle des producteurs sous cordons pierreux et les paquets technologiques ont varié de 5,66% à 44,45% en 2018 et de 25,15% à 53,80% en 2019. Dans le contexte de la variabilité et des changements climatiques, ces résultats montrent que la collecte et la valorisation de l’eau à la parcelle à travers les cordons pierreux et le zaï, associée à la microdose est une alternative viable et durable d’amélioration de la productivité agricole.

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Poussin, Jean-Christophe, Didier Martin, Jean-Claude Bader, Djiby Dia, Sidy Mohamed Seck, and Andrew Ogilvie. "Variabilité agro-hydrologique des cultures de décrue. Une étude de cas dans la moyenne vallée du fleuve Sénégal." Cahiers Agricultures 29 (2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2020022.

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Après l’édification des barrages sur le fleuve Sénégal, l’agriculture irriguée devait progressivement remplacer l’agriculture de décrue dans la moyenne vallée. Néanmoins, lorsque la crue est d’ampleur suffisante, on observe encore des cultures de décrue dans le lit majeur. Cette étude, réalisée entre juin 2016 et décembre 2019 dans la cuvette de Podor (Sénégal), vise à évaluer la surface inondée et celle cultivée en décrue, à caractériser les producteurs et à estimer les productions. Sur quatre crues observées, trois ont été suffisantes pour inonder plus de 1000 ha et exploiter plus de 400 ha, avec principalement du sorgho associé au niébé. Les crues actuelles sont moins fortes qu’avant 1976, mais l’exondation de la zone exploitable est plus précoce et la période propice aux semis est relativement plus longue. La cuvette est exploitée essentiellement par des habitants de la ville de Podor, agriculteurs ou non, irrigants ou non. La production en 2018 a été estimée à 121 tonnes de grains de sorgho et niébé, et 117 tonnes de fourrage pour 470 ha implantés. C’est peu et aléatoire comparé aux cultures irriguées, mais sans investissement, et les résidus de culture sont d’excellents fourrages. L’agriculture de décrue peut donc être une activité complémentaire rentable pour la population locale. Elle pourrait aussi être rentable à l’intérieur des périmètres irrigués de la moyenne vallée, qui sont inondables et ne sont donc exploités, au mieux, qu’une fois par an seulement. Déjà contrôlé à 50 % depuis 1987, le débit du fleuve pourrait être régulé à 70 % par des barrages réservoirs dans un proche avenir. Le soutien de crue deviendra alors indispensable, malgré son impact négatif sur la production électrique, si l’on veut préserver des cultures de décrue ou certains services écosystémiques nés de l’inondation dans la vallée.

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ARCHIMÈDE, H., D. BASTIANELLI, M. BOVAL, G. TRAN, and D. SAUVANT. "Ressources tropicales : disponibilité et valeur alimentaire." INRAE Productions Animales 24, no. 1 (March 4, 2011): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2011.24.1.3235.

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La disponibilité et les facteurs de variation de la valeur alimentaire des ressources végétales tropicales et des sous-produits de l’agro-industrie sont présentés dans cette synthèse. Les ressources alimentaires utilisées sont très variées (herbes, arbres fourragers, céréales, tubercules, coproduits de culture, sous-produits de l’agro-industrie) à l’image de la grande diversité des systèmes de production plus ou moins intensifiés, avec un niveau d’intégration variable des cultures et de l’élevage. Les matières premières peuvent être identiques à celles utilisées dans les zones tempérées (soja, maïs), notamment dans les ateliers modernes. Elles peuvent aussi se singulariser par leur origine botanique (sorgho, tubercules, fourrages, arbres fourragers), leur composition (présence fréquente de métabolites secondaires) et les traitements technologiques (coproduits d’industries agroalimentaires artisanales) qu’elles ont pu subir. Il y a une grande variabilité de la valeur alimentaire intra et inter-ressources. Quelle que soit l’espèce animale considérée, des ressources aux valeurs énergétiques élevées similaires ou proches d’homologues tempérés sont disponibles. Les nombreuses ressources «protéiques» ont en revanche des valeurs qui ne « rivalisent » qu’exceptionnellement avec le soja. Des stratégies particulières d’utilisation de certaines ressources sont nécessaires du fait de la présence de métabolites secondaires aux activités antinutritionnelles. En intra-ressource, les variabilités induites par la gestion (âge du fourrage, mode d’alimentation…) et la technologie utilisée (élimination de facteurs antinutritionnels, mode d’extraction, usinage des grains de céréales) qui affectent aussi bien la valeur énergétique que protéique, sont souvent supérieures à celles résultant de la génétique. Des ressources de bonne valeur alimentaire sont donc disponibles en zone tropicale à condition d’y appliquer la bonne gestion et de choisir l’espèce animale adéquate pour leur valorisation. L’information accumulée sur la valeur alimentaire des ressources tropicales est abondante. L’accès aux données n’est pas toujours aisé du fait des stratégies de publication souvent ciblée sur l’échelle régionale. L’information peut être partielle (certains critères de la composition chimique). Les résultats peuvent être fortement liés au contexte dans lequel ces données ont été produites ce qui limite leur généralisation. Une étape importante pour l’avenir serait le regroupement de ces données avec la perspective de dégager des lois générales tel que permet de l’envisager le projet en cours de tables de valeur alimentaire (AFZ-INRA-CIRAD).

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Okori, P., P. R. Rubaihayo, A. Ekwamu, J. Fahleson, and C. Dixelius. "Genetic Characterization of Cercospora sorghi from Cultivated and Wild Sorghum and Its Relationship to Other Cercospora Fungi." Phytopathology® 94, no. 7 (July 2004): 743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2004.94.7.743.

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Genetic variability and population structure of Cercospora sorghi from wild and cultivated sorghum were investigated to gain insight into their potential impact on epidemics of gray leaf spot of sorghum in Africa. Population structure was examined using data derived from amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) of C. sorghi by Nei's test for population differentiation, GST, and analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA). Two ecological populations of C. sorghi in Uganda were devoid of population structure (GST = 0.03, фFST = 0.01, P = 0.291). AMOVA revealed that genetic variability was due mainly to variations within (99%) rather than between (0.35%) populations, and Nei's genetic distance between the two populations was 0.014. Phenetic analysis based on AFLP data and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of the internal transcribed spacer regions of rDNA and mitochondrial small subunit rDNA separated Cercospora cereal pathogens from dicot pathogens but did not differentiate among C. sorghi isolates from wild and cultivated sorghum. Our results indicate that Ugandan populations of C. sorghi compose one epidemiological unit and suggest that wild sorghum, while not affecting genetic variability of the pathogen population, provides an alternative host for generating additional inoculum.

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Mamta and Y. Singh. "Variability in pathological characters in Gloeocercospora sorghi isolates from sorghum." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION 13, no. 2 (October 15, 2020): 148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijpp/13.2/148-155.

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Zonate leaf spot caused by Gloeocercospora sorghi Bain and Edgerton (1943) is one of the most destructive diseases of sorghum in India and Uttarakhand is considered as a hot spot for this disease. The present investigation was carried out to record the pathogenic variability of thirty isolates of Gloeocercospora sorghi on five different lines of sorghum. The G. sorghi isolates differed significantly from each other on the basis of pathological attributes viz., latent period, aggressiveness and virulence index and thus, grouped into three virulence categories. The findings suggest that analysis of variance for latent, aggressiveness, per cent disease intensity (PDI) and virulence index showed that the variations in latent period and virulence disease reaction were attributed more to the isolates and aggressiveness to the host lines than to the isolate × host line interactions.

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Duarte, A. V. M., C. L. Correa, M. A. A. Barelli, B. W. Zago, N. L. Sander, T. S. Guimarães, D. D. Silva, V. P. da Silva, and R. Felipin-Azevedo. "Genetic Variability of Isolates of Ramulispora sorghi From Cáceres-MT, Brazil." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 10 (July 15, 2019): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n10p250.

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Among the most produced cereals worldwide, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), presents low productivity in Brazil, mainly due to the occurrence of diseases, with a prominence of sooty stripe, caused by the fungus Ramulispora sorghi, until then considered a secondary disease, has increased its incidence and severity, especially in conditions of high humidity and temperature. The most efficient means of control is the use of resistant cultivars, in this sense, studies on the genetic variability of the fungus through molecular markers are of great importance for the breeding programs of sorghum. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic variability in isolates of Ramulispora sorghi belonging to the mycoteca of the Laboratory of Genetic Resources & Biotechnology of the Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, campus of Cáceres, via molecular markers of the ISSR type. The results indicate the existence of genetic variability among the isolates of R. sorghi. The Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) showed that the primers were classified as medium informational with an average value of 0.27. 71 polymorphic fragments were formed considering the 40 isolates of R. sorghi, which presented the value of k = 2, represent the differentiation of the isolates into two distinct clusters. The genetic dissimilarity measures were estimated by the Coefficient of Nei and Li, where the combination between the isolates B107/16 (15) and B103/15 (16) obtained the smallest magnitude (0,12) and the combinations between isolates B111/16 (2) and S114/15 (33), S316/15 (3) and S114/15 (33), B115/16 (4) and S114/15 (33), B118/16 (6) and S114/15 (33) were more dissimilar (1,00). The “UPGMA” method provided a breakdown of the 40 isolates into 4 distinct groups. The Cophenetic Correlaction Coefficient (CCC) presented significant value with r = 0,84. The Tocher’s optimization method allowed the 40 isolates to be distributed in 10 different groups. These results provide relevant information on the genetic variability among the 40 isolates of R. sorghi analyzed. In addition, they indicate that fungus have a wide genetic diversity, and have been recurring in different regions of Brazil and the world, and thus, larger studies become essential for more effective control measures.

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Pecina, Víctor, Enrique Navarro, Héctor Williams, and Raúl Rodríguez. "Comportamiento agronómico de dos sistemas de androesterilidad en sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)." Agronomía Mesoamericana 6 (June 2, 2016): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/am.v6i0.24814.

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The limited genetic variability of sorghum and the use of only one type of malesterility system (Milo-Kafir, cytoplasm A1) for the production hybrid seed, make this crop susceptible to diseases, thus its importance to look for new male sterility sources, as the cytoplasm A2 reported in 1977. This systems was introduced to the elite lines of the sorghum program at the Rio Bravo Experiment Station (INIFAP-CIRNE), in Tamaulipas, Mexico. The objective of this assay was to: a) compare the agronomic traits of two male-sterility systems (A1 and A2 cytoplasms), and b) determine if there are differences of the fertility restoration in the isocytoplasmic hybrids. The experimental design was a 7 x 7 lattice with four replications. The results indicate that there are no differences among the two male-sterility systems (Al and A2 cytoplasms) in grain yield, plant height and panicIe length; whereas in days to blooming. the A2 cytoplasm was a day late than the Al cytoplasm. Different restoration responses were found in the hybrids, as the R LRB-63 line which partially restored fertility in the two types of cytoplasms, while CS-3541 showed a similar response with the LRB-l02A, LRB-104A and LRB- 1l0A lines in the A2 cytoplasm.

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Kouressy, Mamoutou", Seydou" Traoré, Michel" Vaksmann, Mikkel" Grum, Ibrahim" Maikano, Mamy" Soumaré, Pierre" Sibiry Traoré, Didier" Bazile, Michael" Dingkuhn, and Amadou" Sidibé. "Adaptation des sorghos du Mali à la variabilité climatique." Cahiers Agricultures 17, no. 2 (2008): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/agr.2008.0189.

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Msongaleli, Barnabas M., S. D. Tumbo, N. I. Kihupi, and Filbert B. Rwehumbiza. "Performance of Sorghum Varieties under Variable Rainfall in Central Tanzania." International Scholarly Research Notices 2017 (April 27, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2506946.

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Rainfall variability has a significant impact on crop production with manifestations in frequent crop failure in semiarid areas. This study used the parameterized APSIM crop model to investigate how rainfall variability may affect yields of improved sorghum varieties based on long-term historical rainfall and projected climate. Analyses of historical rainfall indicate a mix of nonsignificant and significant trends on the onset, cessation, and length of the growing season. The study confirmed that rainfall variability indeed affects yields of improved sorghum varieties. Further analyses of simulated sorghum yields based on seasonal rainfall distribution indicate the concurrence of lower grain yields with the 10-day dry spells during the cropping season. Simulation results for future sorghum response, however, show that impacts of rainfall variability on sorghum will be overridden by temperature increase. We conclude that, in the event where harms imposed by moisture stress in the study area are not abated, even improved sorghum varieties are likely to perform poorly.

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Wang, Juan, Morris Levy, and Larry D. Dunkle. "Sibling Species of Cercospora Associated with Gray Leaf Spot of Maize." Phytopathology® 88, no. 12 (December 1998): 1269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.1998.88.12.1269.

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Monoconidial isolates of the fungus causing gray leaf spot of maize were obtained from diseased leaves collected throughout the United States and analyzed for genetic variability at 111 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) loci. Cluster analysis revealed two very distinct groups of Cercospora zeae-maydis isolates. Both groups were found to be relatively uniform internally with an average genetic similarity among isolates of approximately 93 and 94%, respectively. The groups were separated from each other by a genetic distance of approximately 80%, a distance greater than that separating each group from the sorghum pathogen, C. sorghi (67 to 70%). Characteristics and dimensions of conidia and conid-iophores produced on infected plants or nutrient media were unreliable criteria for taxonomic differentiation of isolates composing the two groups of C. zeae-maydis. Nucleotide sequences of 5.8S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions were identical within each group but different between the two groups and different from C. sorghi. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms generated by digestion of the 5.8S rDNA and ITS regions with TaqI readily distinguished each group and C. sorghi. Isolates in one group were generally distributed throughout maize-producing regions of the United States; isolates in the other group were localized in the eastern third of the country. Both types were present in the same fields at some locations. The genetic distance based on AFLP profiles and different ITS nucleotide sequences between the two morphologically indistinguishable groups indicate that they are sibling species. Although it is unlikely that breeding for resistance to gray leaf spot will be confounded by local or regional variation in the pathogen, a vigilant approach is warranted, because two pathogenic species exist with unknown abilities to evolve new pathotypes.

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Nzioki, H. S., L. E. Claflin, and B. A. Ramundo. "Evaluation of screening protocols to determine genetic variability of grain sorghum germplasm to Sporisorium sorghi under field and greenhouse conditions." International Journal of Pest Management 46, no. 2 (January 2000): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/096708700227435.

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Sawadogo, N., G. Naoura, M. H. Ouedraogo, M. Tonde, J. Tiendrebeogo, K. F. Tiendrebeogo, L. A. Bougma, D. Tiama, and J. D. Zongo. "Phenotypic variability and correlation estimates for traits of Burkina Faso’ sweet grain sorghum genotypes." African Crop Science Journal 28, no. 4 (November 25, 2020): 517–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v28i4.3.

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Sweet grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a neglected crop mainly grown for its sweet grains in the pasty form. Although its taste is the main character of interest, knowledge of protein related content of the grain, especially when linked to its value for infant porridge appears equally important. The objective of this study was to evaluate the status of crude protein content of pasty grains and to determine genetic correlations between morphological and biochemical traits among sweet grain of sorghum genotypes in Burkina Faso. Eight sweet grain sorghum cultivars (BTO2, BZI1, KBZ4, PBO5, PGO3, SBR7, SPI2, STO4) were evaluated through 13 morphological and two biochemical variables. Crude protein content of these genotypes was also compared with the composition of two controls of sweet stalk sorghum (ETS) and ordinary grain sorghum or common sorghum (EBS). The analysis of variance revealed variability within sweet grain sorghum accessions, mainly on the biochemical traits (crude protein and water content) and two morphological traits (peduncle and panicle lengths), which discriminated significantly in the thresholds of 1 and 5%, respectively. In addition, sweet grain sorghum had low crude protein content compared to other types of sorghum, except, two genotypes of sweet grain sorghum (BZI1 and STO4) which recorded higher protein content compared to the common sorghum. An important and negative correlation was noted between sowing-flowering cycle and protein content.

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JANZEN, H. H., D. J. MAJOR, and C. W. LINDWALL. "COMPARISON OF CROP ROTATIONS FOR SORGHUM PRODUCTION IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 67, no. 2 (April 1, 1987): 385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps87-056.

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Grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.) was evaluated in six rotations under rainfed conditions at the Lethbridge Research Station from 1978 to 1984. The rotations included continuous sorghum, sorghum-fallow, sorghum-barley, sorghum-spring wheat-fallow, sorghum-fallow-spring wheat and sorghum-fallow-winter wheat. The highest total production was achieved with the sorghum-barley rotation. This was followed by the continuous sorghum and sorghum-fallow-winter wheat rotations. The 3-yr rotations were not significantly different from each other but the sorghum-fallow-winter wheat rotation appeared to be the best. The 2-yr rotation, sorghum-fallow, was the least productive. Variability in yields was adequately accounted for by variability in annual rainfall. Water use efficiencies were 1.30 and 1.35 kg m−3 for sorghum and wheat grown on fallow and 1.11 and 1.12 kg m−3 when seeded into stubble. Therefore, it was concluded that sorghum was no more drought-resistant than wheat. Bioassay of soils from the crop rotation study indicated that residual atrazine toxicity should not be a significant limitation to wheat grown in rotation with sorghum. Economically, sorghum was at a disadvantage despite comparable yields in wheat because of its lower price. It was concluded that the inclusion of sorghum in crop rotations in southern Alberta cannot currently be recommended.Key words: Spring wheat, winter wheat, atrazine, adaptation

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Pahuja, S. K., C. Aruna, P. K. Shrotria, Simarjit Kaur, B. R. Ranwah, and J. V. Patil. "Inducing variability in multi-cut forage sorghum through mutagenesis." Plant Genetic Resources 11, no. 2 (December 5, 2012): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262112000457.

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Improvement in multi-cut forage sorghum varieties that can perform better than SSG 59-3, a sweet Sudan grass released in 1974, has been a challenge. Efforts were made to create variability in SSG 59-3 through mutagenesis using both physical and chemical mutagens. Fifteen such mutants were evaluated for 2 years in different locations in India. Considerable variability was observed for important fodder yield and quality traits. SSG 237 flowered 10 d early than SSG 59-3. SSG 231, SSG 260, SSG 232 and SSG 237 had high protein percentage andin vitrodry matter digestibility (IVDMD) values compared with SSG 59-3. Hydrocyanic acid (HCN), a major anti-nutritional factor, was low in six mutants, the lowest being in SSG 226. This variability can be used in different breeding programmes aimed at improving multi-cut forage sorghum varieties. The lines with improved fodder quality (low HCN, high protein and IVDMD) can be used in the breeding programme for the improvement in multi-cut forage sorghum varieties.

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Ahalawat, Nishant Kumar, Vichitra Kumar Arya, Pradeep Kumar, and Shiv Kumar Singh. "Genetic divergence in forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i1.1646.

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Thirty genotypes of forage sorghum were studied for generating information on nature and magnitude of genetic variability and diversity for designing breeding programme. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design in three replications. The data were recorded on days to 50% flowering, plant height, leaf breadth, leaf length, leaf area, stem girth, leaves per plant, leaf stem ratio, total soluble solids, protein content and green fodder yield. Analysis of variance revealed a substantial amount of variability among the genotypes for all the characters under study, indicated a wide spectrum of variability among the genotypes. Highest estimates of the phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation were observed for plant height, leaf breadth, leaves per plant, leaf stem ratio and green fodder yield. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for plant height, leaf area, stem girth, leaves per plant, leaf stem ratio and green fodder yield. Based on D2 – Statistics, 30 genotypes were grouped into six clusters. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster III and VI followed by IV and VI, indicating genotypes included in these clusters had wide genetic diversity. Genetic divergence and cluster mean indicates maximum heterosis and good recombinants may be achieved in crosses between genotypes of clusters III, IV and VI in varietal improvement programme. Thus, crossing between genetically diverse genotypes of cluster III with genotypes CSV 15, PC 1001, SPV 462, PC 3, SSV 84, PC 8 and cluster VI with genotype HJ 513 are expected to exhibit high heterosis and good recombinants with desired traits.

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Valério, Henrique M., Carlos R. Casela, Maria A. Resende, and Fredolino G. Santos. "Variability of the anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum graminicola in sorghum genotype mixtures." Fitopatologia Brasileira 29, no. 5 (October 2004): 567–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-41582004000500019.

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This paper reports partial results obtained on the variability of Colletotrichum graminicola developed in response to the host diversity generated by three-line combination of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes. Nine sorghum lines were used in this study: CMSXS210B, CMSXS112B, CMSXS215B, CMSXS221B, CMSXS169R, CMSXS180R, CMSXS182R, CMSXS227R, and CMSXS116R. A total of 39 treatments on mixtures and pure stands of the component lines were evaluated in the field for the development of anthracnose, as a natural epidemic. Samples of the single spore isolates of the pathogen of each treatment indicated a reduction in the phenotypic diversity and an increase in the frequency of more complex races in genotype mixtures in relation to the pure stands of each genotype.

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Nicodemus Nyandiko. "Effect on Sorghum Yield in The Semi-Arid Counties of Lower Eastern Kenya's." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE 11 (July 3, 2020): 122–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v11i.8770.

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Sorghum is a key crop in Kenya's attainment of food and nutrition security. Climate is a key determinant of sorghum production under rainfed conditions. The overall objective of this study was to examine variations of sorghum yields in response to climate. This is crucial in documenting future strategic options to enhance food security in a changing climate. A longitudinal research design was used in the study. Purposive and cluster sampling techniques were used to select sorghum and climate data from lower eastern Kenya's districts covering the period 1979-2009. Association between sorghum crop yields and climate data were sought through correlation analysis, while variability in yields was determined through the coefficient of variation (CVs) and standard deviations (STDEV). There wide sorghum yield and climate variability with high CV values of up 60 % of rainfall. Kitui had the lowest variation in sorghum yields with a Standard deviation of 344.1 Kg/Ha (CV = 38.7 %) while Machakos had the highest variation with STDEV of 591.6 Kg/Ha (CV = 60.5 %). This information is useful to monitor and forecast future sorghum production under rain-fed agriculture. There is a need to continue with focused applied research to unleash sorghum's capacity to be the cornerstone of food security in Kenya.

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Sinha, Sweta, and N. Kumaravadivel. "Understanding Genetic Diversity of Sorghum Using Quantitative Traits." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3075023.

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Sorghum is the important cereal crop around the world and hence understanding and utilizing the genetic variation in sorghum accessions are essential for improving the crop. A good understanding of genetic variability among the accessions will enable precision breeding. So profiling the genetic diversity of sorghum is imminent. In the present investigation, forty sorghum accessions consisting of sweet sorghum, grain sorghum, forage sorghum, mutant lines, maintainer lines, and restorer lines were screened for genetic diversity using quantitative traits. Observations were recorded on 14 quantitative traits, out of which 9 diverse traits contributing to maximum variability were selected for genetic diversity analysis. The principle component analysis revealed that the panicle width, stem girth, and leaf breadth contributed maximum towards divergence. By using hierarchical cluster analysis, the 40 accessions were grouped under 6 clusters. Cluster I contained maximum number of accessions and cluster VI contained the minimum. The maximum intercluster distance was observed between cluster VI and cluster IV. Cluster III had the highest mean value for hundred-seed weight and yield. Hence the selection of parents must be based on the wider intercluster distance and superior mean performance for yield and yield components. Thus in the present investigation quantitative data were able to reveal the existence of a wide genetic diversity among the sorghum accessions used providing scope for further genetic improvement.

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Toor, A. K. "Character Association and Variability Studies in Forage Sorghum." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 9, no. 5 (May 10, 2020): 1679–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.905.189.

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Sun, Youping. "Variability in Salt Tolerance of Sorghum bicolor L." Agricultural Science 2, no. 1 (March 28, 2014): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12735/as.v2i1p9.

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Kane, E. J., A. J. Wilson, and P. S. Chourey. "Mitochondrial genome variability in Sorghum cell culture protoclones." Theoretical and Applied Genetics 83-83, no. 6-7 (April 1992): 799–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00226700.

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Subhashini, S., and B. Selvi. "Association and variability studies in F2 population of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)." Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding 10, no. 2 (2019): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-928x.2019.00061.9.

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Subramanian, A., R. Nirmal Raj, and M. Elangovan. "Genetic variability and multivariate analysis in sorghum (Sorghum bicolour) under sodic soil conditions." Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding 10, no. 4 (2019): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-928x.2019.00180.7.

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Wang, Enli, Malcolm Ryley, and Holger Meinke. "Effect of climate variability on event frequency of sorghum ergot in Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, no. 6 (2003): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar02198.

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The significant effect of ergot, caused by Claviceps africana, on the Australian sorghum industry, has led to considerable research on the identification of resistant genotypes and on the climatic conditions that are conducive to ergot outbreaks. Here we show that the potential number of monthly ergot events differs strongly from year to year in accordance with ENSO (El Niño–Southern Oscillation)-related climate variability. The analysis is based on long-term weather records from 50 locations throughout the sorghum-growing areas of Australia and predicts the potential number of monthly ergot events based on phases of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). For a given location, we found a significant difference in the number of potential ergot events based on SOI phases in the preceding month, with a consistently positive SOI phase providing the greatest risk for the occurrence of ergot for most months and locations. This analysis provides a relative risk assessment for ergot outbreaks based on location and prevailing climatic conditions, thereby assisting in responsive decision-making to reduce the negative effect of sorghum ergot.

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Yen, Tran Thi Oanh, B. M. Prasanna, T. A. S. Setty, and R. S. Rathore. "Genetic variability for resistance to sorghum downy mildew (Peronosclerospora sorghi) and Rajasthan downy mildew (P. heteropogoni) in the tropical/sub-tropical Asian maize germplasm." Euphytica 138, no. 1 (2004): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:euph.0000047058.98223.b0.

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Nguyen, Chuc T., Vijaya Singh, Erik J. van Oosterom, Scott C. Chapman, David R. Jordan, and Graeme L. Hammer. "Genetic variability in high temperature effects on seed-set in sorghum." Functional Plant Biology 40, no. 5 (2013): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp12264.

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Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is grown as a dryland crop in semiarid subtropical and tropical environments where it is often exposed to high temperatures around flowering. Projected climate change is likely to increase the incidence of exposure to high temperature, with potential adverse effects on growth, development and grain yield. The objectives of this study were to explore genetic variability for the effects of high temperature on crop growth and development, in vitro pollen germination and seed-set. Eighteen diverse sorghum genotypes were grown at day : night temperatures of 32 : 21°C (optimum temperature, OT) and 38 : 21°C (high temperature, HT during the middle of the day) in controlled environment chambers. HT significantly accelerated development, and reduced plant height and individual leaf size. However, there was no consistent effect on leaf area per plant. HT significantly reduced pollen germination and seed-set percentage of all genotypes; under HT, genotypes differed significantly in pollen viability percentage (17–63%) and seed-set percentage (7–65%). The two traits were strongly and positively associated (R2 = 0.93, n = 36, P < 0.001), suggesting a causal association. The observed genetic variation in pollen and seed-set traits should be able to be exploited through breeding to develop heat-tolerant varieties for future climates.

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Guimarães, Thallita Santos, Marco Antonio Aparecido Barelli, Carla Lima Corrêa, Valvenarg Pereira da Silva, Alex Junior Sandol Floriano, Nilo Leal Sander, Aline Vidor Melão Duarte, et al. "Genetic variability of Colletotrichum sublineolum through ISSR markers." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 2 (February 10, 2021): e20210212223. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i2.12223.

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The occurrence of diseases is a limiting factor in the development of sorghum crop. Among the diseases that causes losses in sorghum production, anthracnose is the main and most severe, mainly by the genetic variability of the pathogen. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability of Colletotrichum sublineolum isolates. DNA were extracted from 56 monosporic isolates of C. sublineolum using a DNA extraction kit, and to perform the analysis of genetic diversity of the isolates were used ISSR primers. After amplification, it was determined the polymorphic information content (PIC), allelic frequency, UPGMA and Tocher clustering analyzes and, using software Structure, the genetic structure. According to the descriptive analysis of the genetic variability of C. Sublineolum isolates, primer AP1 presented the higher value of polymorphic information content (PIC). The higher allelic frequency was observed in loci 06, 09, 10, and 24, and the lowest in locus 02. As for the clustering method, it was observed a tendency of grouping C. sublineolum isolates according the geographic origin and, in addition to demonstrating the genetic variability between the C. sublineolum isolates, it was observed the occurrence of introgression among the isolates.

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Sumita, Zinzala. "Genetic Variability Analysis of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Genotypes by Using SSR Markers." International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 6, no. 5 (October 30, 2018): 150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.6880.

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Itagi, Chaitanya, and S. Hemalatha. "Variability in Grain Physico-Chemical Composition in Different Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Genotypes." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 7 (July 10, 2017): 2610–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.368.

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Hariprasanna, K., V. Agte, M. Elangovan, S. Gite, and A. Kishore. "Genetic variability for cyanogen and trypsin inhibitor contents in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)." Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding 7, no. 4 (2016): 1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-928x.2016.00151.4.

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Shivaprasad, T., G. Girish, Ashok Badigannavar, S. Muniswamy, L. N. Yogesh, and T. R. Ganapathi. "Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient studies in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] mutants." Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding 10, no. 4 (2019): 1383. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0975-928x.2019.00177.7.

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Singh, S. K., Akash Singh, and Ravindar Kumar. "Genetic Variability, Character Association and Pathanalysis in Forage Sorghum." Progressive Agriculture 16, no. 2 (2016): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-4615.2016.00040.5.

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Duy Can, Nguyen, Totok Agung Dwi Haryanto, and Tomohiko Yoshida. "Genetic Variability and Characteristic Associations Analysis in Grain Sorghum." Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 43, no. 1/2 (November 1998): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5109/24245.

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Parkes, Ben, Dimitri Defrance, Benjamin Sultan, Philippe Ciais, and Xuhui Wang. "Projected changes in crop yield mean and variability over West Africa in a world 1.5 K warmer than the pre-industrial era." Earth System Dynamics 9, no. 1 (February 20, 2018): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-119-2018.

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Abstract. The ability of a region to feed itself in the upcoming decades is an important issue. The West African population is expected to increase significantly in the next 30 years. The responses of crops to short-term climate change is critical to the population and the decision makers tasked with food security. This leads to three questions: how will crop yields change in the near future? What influence will climate change have on crop failures? Which adaptation methods should be employed to ameliorate undesirable changes? An ensemble of near-term climate projections are used to simulate maize, millet and sorghum in West Africa in the recent historic period (1986–2005) and a near-term future when global temperatures are 1.5 K above pre-industrial levels to assess the change in yield, yield variability and crop failure rate. Four crop models were used to simulate maize, millet and sorghum in West Africa in the historic and future climates. Across the majority of West Africa the maize, millet and sorghum yields are shown to fall. In the regions where yields increase, the variability also increases. This increase in variability increases the likelihood of crop failures, which are defined as yield negative anomalies beyond 1 standard deviation during the historic period. The increasing variability increases the frequency of crop failures across West Africa. The return time of crop failures falls from 8.8, 9.7 and 10.1 years to 5.2, 6.3 and 5.8 years for maize, millet and sorghum respectively. The adoption of heat-resistant cultivars and the use of captured rainwater have been investigated using one crop model as an idealized sensitivity test. The generalized doption of a cultivar resistant to high-temperature stress during flowering is shown to be more beneficial than using rainwater harvesting.

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Dossou-Aminon, Innocent, Laura Yêyinou Loko, Arlette Adjatin, Eben-Ezer B. K. Ewédjè, Alexandre Dansi, Sujay Rakshit, Ndiaga Cissé, et al. "Genetic Divergence in Northern Benin Sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL. Moench) Landraces as Revealed by Agromorphological Traits and Selection of Candidate Genotypes." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/916476.

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Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] is an important staple food crop in northern Benin. In order to assess its diversity in Benin, 142 accessions of landraces collected from Northern Benin were grown in Central Benin and characterised using 10 qualitative and 14 quantitative agromorphological traits. High variability among both qualitative and quantitative traits was observed. Grain yield (0.72–10.57 tons/ha), panicle weight (15–215.95 g), days to 50% flowering (57–200 days), and plant height (153.27–636.5 cm) were among traits that exhibited broader variability. Correlations between quantitative traits were determined. Grain yield for instance exhibited highly positive association with panicle weight(r=0.901, P=0.000)and 100 seed weight(r=0.247, P=0.000). UPGMA cluster analysis classified the 142 accessions into 89 morphotypes. Based on multivariate analysis, twenty promising sorghum genotypes were selected. Among them, AT41, AT14, and AT29 showed early maturity (57 to 66 days to 50% flowering), high grain yields (4.85 to 7.85 tons/ha), and shorter plant height (153.27 to 180.37 cm). The results obtained will help enhancing sorghum production and diversity and developing new varieties that will be better adapted to the current soil and climate conditions in Benin.

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Sufiyan, Ibrahim, J. I. Magajia, A. T. Ogah, and K. Karagama. "EVALUATION AND IMPACT OF CLIMATIC VARIABILITY ON GUINEA CORN (SORGHUM BICOLOR) IN SELECTED STATE IN NIGERIA." Environment & Ecosystem Science 4, no. 1 (February 14, 2020): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/ees.01.2020.10.14.

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Climate variability is one of the serious environmental challenges that have received a lot of public outcry in most parts of the world due to its consequence on agricultural production and other sectors of the national economy and general wellbeing. This study, therefore, sought to examine the effects of climate variability on crops production in the Bakori Local Government Area of Kastina State, Nigeria. Rainfall, temperature and selected crops (Sorghum) data from the farmers living in Bkori and cultivate Guinea corn every year. The data were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis in SPSS and the trend the function of Microsoft Excel.). The study identified positive crop yield while comparing temperature trend sorghum temperature characteristics, the most important climatic variable that influences the yields of Sorghum in Bakori is temperature and rainfall. This has beeachieved by monitoring 100 farmers at different locations in the study area and the use of farm inputs and monitoring of crop-climate relationships to achieve improved crop yield.

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McCaughey, W. P., M. C. Therrien, and R. Mabon. "Forage sorghum in southern Manitoba." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 76, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps96-019.

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After a series of hot, dry years in the late 1980s a study was conducted to assess the suitability and yield stability of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.) in southern Manitoba. The effects of genotype and environment on DM yield of seven forage sorghum genotypes were evaluated (1990–1992) in six different environments. Genotype, environment and genotype × environment accounted for 3.9% (P < 0.0001), 84.8% (P < 0.0001) and 3.3% (P < 0.001) of the total variation in DM yield, respectively. The fact that environment accounted for most of the variability in DM yield and that relative rankings of varieties differed across environments indicated that yield was unstable. Forage sorghum produced acceptable DM yield only in years which were warmer (> 2700 CHU) than average (2200–2600 CHU) for southern Manitoba. Forage sorghum is not recommended for southern Manitoba unless the climate warms to where 2700 CHU are consistently accumulated during the growing season. Key words: Forage, sorghum, sorghum-sudangrass, C4, temperature, yield

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Tesfaye, Kassahun. "Genetic diversity study of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moenc) genotypes, Ethiopia." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment 9, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausae-2017-0004.

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Abstract Sorghum bicolor is one of the most important cereal crops around the world, particularly in Africa, highly cultivated for dietary staple. For this reason, a good knowledge and usage of this genetic resource in sorghum accessions is highly vital for improving crop quality. Analysis of genetic variability among the accessions will enable accurate results in breeding. The research design used was augmented design, which is common in many gene banks. This research finding would be used later by plant breeders to select best performers for further evaluation of the crop and obtain a new variety of sorghum.

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Nanganoa, Lawrence T., Francis A. Ngome, Christopher Suh, and Simon D. Basga. "Assessing Soil Nutrients Variability and Adequacy for the Cultivation of Maize, Cassava, and Sorghum in Selected Agroecological Zones of Cameroon." International Journal of Agronomy 2020 (December 28, 2020): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8887318.

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Access to information on soil nutrients status and variability is essential in understanding the potential of soils and their responsiveness to management interventions in agriculture. The current study evaluated soil nutrients status in selected agroecological zones (AEZs) of Cameroon and identified variations and their adequacy for maize (Zea mays L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench)), and cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) production. A total of 163 soil samples were collected from surface (0–15 cm) layer for the determination of pH, organic matter (OM), estimated nitrogen release (ENR), sulphur (S), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na), boron (B), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), aluminium (Al), phosphorus (P), total exchangeable capacity (TEC), and base saturations. The results showed different degrees of variability in soil nutrients ranging from low to very high in all the AEZs. The soils in all the AEZs were consistently deficient in available phosphorus, sulphur, boron, and zinc in varying proportion and might be inadequate to supply cultivated maize, sorghum, and cassava with the nutrients needed to achieve optimal growth. The soils were also prone to Mg-induced K deficiency, which could limit the growth of maize, sorghum, or cassava. These results therefore suggest that management of inherent soil properties should be based on-site specific situations.

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Larue, Florian, Damien Fumey, Lauriane Rouan, Jean-Christophe Soulié, Sandrine Roques, Grégory Beurier, and Delphine Luquet. "Modelling tiller growth and mortality as a sink-driven process using Ecomeristem: implications for biomass sorghum ideotyping." Annals of Botany 124, no. 4 (April 6, 2019): 675–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcz038.

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AbstractBackground and AimsPlant modelling can efficiently support ideotype conception, particularly in multi-criteria selection contexts. This is the case for biomass sorghum, implying the need to consider traits related to biomass production and quality. This study evaluated three modelling approaches for their ability to predict tiller growth, mortality and their impact, together with other morphological and physiological traits, on biomass sorghum ideotype prediction.MethodsThree Ecomeristem model versions were compared to evaluate whether tillering cessation and mortality were source (access to light) or sink (age-based hierarchical access to C supply) driven. They were tested using a field data set considering two biomass sorghum genotypes at two planting densities. An additional data set comparing eight genotypes was used to validate the best approach for its ability to predict the genotypic and environmental control of biomass production. A sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the impact of key genotypic parameters and define optimal parameter combinations depending on planting density and targeted production (sugar and fibre).Key ResultsThe sink-driven control of tillering cessation and mortality was the most accurate, and represented the phenotypic variability of studied sorghum genotypes in terms of biomass production and partitioning between structural and non-structural carbohydrates. Model sensitivity analysis revealed that light conversion efficiency and stem diameter are key traits to target for improving sorghum biomass within existing genetic diversity. Tillering contribution to biomass production appeared highly genotype and environment dependent, making it a challenging trait for designing ideotypes.ConclusionsBy modelling tiller growth and mortality as sink-driven processes, Ecomeristem could predict and explore the genotypic and environmental variability of biomass sorghum production. Its application to larger sorghum genetic diversity considering water deficit regulations and its coupling to a genetic model will make it a powerful tool to assist ideotyping for current and future climatic scenario.

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Bock, C. H., M. J. Jeger, L. K. Mughogho, K. F. Cardwell, E. Mtisi, G. Kaula, and D. Mukansabimana. "Variability of Peronosclerospora sorghi isolates from different geographic locations and hosts in Africa." Mycological Research 104, no. 1 (January 2000): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953756299008965.

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Gonzalez, M. "First Report of Virulence in Argentine Populations of Puccinia sorghi to Rp Resistance Genes in Corn." Plant Disease 84, no. 8 (August 2000): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.8.921a.

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Common rust (Puccinia sorghi) is a chronic disease of corn (Zea mays L.) in Argentina. Factors contributing to the disease include relatively susceptible germ plasm, planting late in the season, and variability within populations of P. sorghi. Several genes for race-specific resistance to common rust (i.e., Rp genes) were identified based on virulence in populations of P. sorghi in the United States (1). The objective of this research was to examine the virulence of Argentine populations of P. sorghi against 24 alleles at four Rp loci that condition race-specific resistance to common rust. Rp genes in an R168-inbred background were planted in trials at two locations in the central corn belt of Argentina. In the 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1999-2000 seasons, trials were planted in Pergamino (Province of Buenos Aires). In the 1998-99 season, the trial was planted in Zavalla (Province of Santa Fe). Plants were exposed to naturally occurring local populations of P. sorghi. About 3 to 4 weeks after anthesis, rust severity (percentage of leaf tissue with uredinia) and infection type were rated for all plants. Four categories of infection type were: 1—no rust, necrotic or chlorotic flecks, 2—small uredinia with or without necrotic flecks, 3—large uredinia, and 4—large uredinia with banding. Three lines with Rp genes (Rp1-N, Rp3-A, and Rp3-C) had infection type 1 with necrotic flecks and severity of 0%. Lines with other Rp genes (Rp1-A, Rp1-B, Rp1-C, Rp1-D, Rp1-E, Rp1-F, Rp1-G, Rp1-H, Rp1-I, Rp1-J, Rp1-K, Rp1-M, Rp1-N, Rp3-A, Rp3-B, Rp3-C, Rp3-D, Rp3-E, Rp4-A, Rp4-B, and Rp5) had infection types 2 to 4 and severity ranged from 5 to 35%. Severity was affected by the virulence of the populations and the environmental conditions in each trial. These results are evidence of a wide spectrum of virulence in P. sorghi populations in Argentina. Reference: (1) W. Hagan and A. Hooker. Phytopathology 55:193, 1965.

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Parthasarathi Gurusamy et al.,, Parthasarathi Gurusamy et al ,. "Effect of Climate Variability on Sorghum Productivity, Panel Data Analysis." International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research 10, no. 4 (2020): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24247/ijasraug202034.

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Singh, Gurpreet, RS Sohu, Ruchika Bhardwaj, and Pankaj Rathore. "Variability and character association studies in multi-cut fodder sorghum." Journal of Hill Agriculture 9, no. 1 (2018): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2230-7338.2018.00005.8.

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Singh, Vijaya, Erik J. van Oosterom, David R. Jordan, Colleen H. Hunt, and Graeme L. Hammer. "Genetic Variability and Control of Nodal Root Angle in Sorghum." Crop Science 51, no. 5 (September 2011): 2011–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2011.01.0038.

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Suthakar, V., and L. Mullainathan. "Studies on Effect of Physical and Chemical Mutagens in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in M₂ Generation." International Letters of Natural Sciences 37 (April 2015): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.37.46.

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Seeds of Sorghum (sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Variety CSV – 23. Were mutagenesis with gamma rays and EMS to determine their mutagenic sensitivity in morphological and yield characters. The spectrum of Mutation and induced variability for various quantitative and yield traits were observed in M2 generation. Plant height (cm),total number of leaves, leaf length (cm), leaf width(cm), stem girth (cm),Days taken to first flowering (days),ear head length(cm),ear head width(cm), Grain weight(gm),100 seed weight(gm), Biomass weight(gm)

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Leclerc, Christian, Caroline Mwongera, Pierre Camberlin, and Vincent Moron. "Cropping System Dynamics, Climate Variability, and Seed Losses among East African Smallholder Farmers: A Retrospective Survey." Weather, Climate, and Society 6, no. 3 (July 1, 2014): 354–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-13-00035.1.

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Abstract Climate variability directly affects traditional low input and rain-fed farming systems, but few studies have paid attention retrospectively to the cropping system’s ability to mitigate climate risk. This study analyzes the impacts of rainfall variability on farmers’ seed variety losses over time, considering changes in smallholder farming systems. The cropping system dynamics, in favoring maize at the expense of sorghum and pearl millet, have induced an increasing risk of seed loss during drought. Combining ecological anthropology and climatology, a retrospective survey asking farmers about the period 1961–2006 was carried out at three altitudinal levels (750, 950, and 1100 m) on the eastern slope of Mount Kenya. Over that period, based on 3204 seed loss events reported orally and independently by 208 farmers, the probability to lose sorghum seed (0.056–0.065) was significantly lower than the probability to lose maize seed (0.071–0.087). All crops were more impacted by droughts than by very wet years. Seed loss probability increased for rainy seasons shorter than 50 days, with less than 28 rain days, and with a precipitation amount under 400 mm. Losses are almost linearly related to the frequency of rain days. Logistic regression confirmed that a change in cropping systems, favoring maize at the expense of sorghum and pearl millet, increased the risk of seed losses due to drought over the 46-yr period.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sorgho – Variabilité'

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