Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sorption

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Sorption'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Sorption"

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Choi, Jiyeon, Ardie Septian, and Won Sik Shin. "The Influence of Salinity on the Removal of Ni and Zn by Sorption onto Iron Oxide- and Manganese Oxide-Coated Sand." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 20, 2020): 5815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145815.

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The influence of salinity on the single and binary sorption of Ni and Zn onto iron oxide- and manganese oxide-coated sand (IOCS and MOCS) was investigated at pH = 5. The single sorption experimental data were fitted to Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Sips models, and a nonlinear sorption isotherm was observed (NF = 0.309–0.567). The higher Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area (ABET) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of MOCS contributed to the higher maximum sorption capacities (qmL) of Ni and Zn than that of IOCS. The Ni sorption capacities in the single sorption were higher than that in the binary sorption, while the Zn sorption capacities in the single sorption were less than that in the binary sorption. The single and binary sorptions onto both IOCS and MOCS were affected by the salinity, as indicated by the decrease in sorption capacities. Satisfactory predictions were shown by the binary sorption model fitting including P-factor, ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST)–Freundlich, IAST–Langmuir, and IAST–Sips; among these, the P-factor model showed the best fitting results in predicting the influence of salinity of Ni and Zn in the binary sorption system onto IOCS and MOCS. IOCS and MOCS offer a sustainable reactive media in a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for removing Ni and Zn in the presence of salinity.
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Zemanová, V., L. Trakal, P. Ochecová, J. Száková, and D. Pavlíková. "A model experiment: competitive sorption of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn by three different soils." Soil and Water Research 9, No. 3 (August 6, 2014): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/50/2013-swr.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the competitive and individual sorption of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn on three natural soils: a Gleyic Fluvisol (content of Cd 30, Cu 25, Pb 2297 and Zn 3718 mg/kg), a Gleyic Cambisol (content of Cd 5, Cu 29, Pb 1158 and Zn 180 mg/kg) and a Chernozem (content of Cd 0.4, Cu 36, Pb 75 and Zn 67 mg/kg). For evaluation of the sorption and desorption, the Freundlich isotherms were used. The results of the model experiment confirmed that the sorption from single-metal solution was more effective than sorption under multi-metal conditions, due to competitive effects. In all tested soils sorption of Cd, Cu and Zn decreased with the rate of other competitive metals; the Pb sorption was not affected by other competitive metals in solutions. Moreover, during multi-metal sorption, Zn was significantly desorbed in Cambisol. In general, sorptions of Cu, Pb and Zn were greater in uncontaminated soil compared to contaminated soils. Clear trend of impact of the contamination on Cd sorption was not observed. The results showed the sorption decreasing in order Chernozem > Fluvisol > Cambisol. The sorption was the greatest in uncontaminated soil with low mobility of studied metals.
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Huang, Yuxiang, Ru Liu, Fandan Meng, Yanglun Yu, and Wenji Yu. "The Influence of Heat Treatment on the Static and Dynamic Sorptive Behavior of Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens)." Advances in Polymer Technology 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4949786.

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The influence of heat treatment on moisture sorption behavior of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens), especially under dynamic sorption conditions, was investigated. Moso bamboo was heated to 180 and 200°C for 8 h to investigate the chemical components and sorptive behavior at sinusoidal relative humidity (RH) and constant humidity. The results of chemical components revealed that the content of holocellulose,α-cellulose, and hemicellulose decreased while that of lignin increased slightly with increasing treatment temperatures. The results of static adsorption at constant RH showed that 200°C treated bamboo exhibited the lowest moisture content and moisture sorption coefficient. The results of dynamic sorptive behavior indicated that the moisture content changed sinusoidally but lagged behind the triggering sinusoidal RH changes. Heat-treated bamboo presented greater phase lag and smaller amplitudes of moisture content and sorption hysteresis due to the hemicellulose removal.
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Xing, Baoshan. "Sorption of anthropogenic organic compounds by soil organic matter: a mechanistic consideration." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 81, no. 3 (August 1, 2001): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s00-067.

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Sorption experiments with apolar organic compounds (naphthalene and 1,2-dichorobenzene) were conducted to evaluate sorption mechanisms in soil organic matter (SOM). All isotherms were nonlinear and competition between solutes was observed. Nonlinearity and competition increased in an order of peat humic acid (HA) < peat < peat humin. Isotherms of Al-saturated HA (Al-HA) were more nonlinear than untreated HA and Ca-HA, and sorption/desorption hysteresis occurred only in Al-HA. These results are not consistent with partitioning theory or the presence of high-surface-area carbonaceous materials (HSACM) in soil. But the results are consistent with dual-mode sorption, where SOM is postulated to have both condensed (rigid) and expanded (flexible) domains, and adsorption takes place only in the condensed domains and partitioning in both domains. These non-ideal sorptive behaviors need to be incorporated into predictive models to more accurately describe the fate and transport of organics in soil and subsurface environments. Key words: sorption, organic compounds, organic matter, dual-mode, partition, mechanisms
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Liu, Yan Ping, Hua Bin Xu, and Yi Bing Deng. "Effect of Concentration on Electrospinning Oil Sorptive Fiber." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 1611–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.1611.

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Electrospinning is a convenient method used in the preparation of ultrafine oil sorptive fibers based on Ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM), Electrospun fiber diameter, varying in large from micrometer to nanometer, mainly depends upon the solution concentration, which has great influence on this function fiber’s sorption ability. The non-linear relation between mean fiber diameter (d) and solution concentration (C) was investigated and it follows a simple scaling law in the form . This relationship can be used to predict the target fiber diameter and guide the processing technique. The effects of various C on oil sorption ability were investigated in a batch-sorption technique. A comparison of the kinetic models, showed that the removal rate fit the first order kinetic model well, which suggested the sorption process is rapid, can reach equilibrium within a short time.
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Xing, B., W. B. McGill, and M. J. Dudas. "SHORT COMMUNICATION: Sorption of benzene, toluene, and o-xylene by collagen compared with non-protein organic sorbents." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 74, no. 4 (November 1, 1994): 465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss94-061.

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Our previous work has demonstrated a relationship between polarity index and organic carbon referenced partition coefficients (Koc) of organic chemicals. Here we compare sorption of benzene, toluene, or o-xylene by protein with non-protein organic sorbents. Koc for benzene, toluene, or o-xylene sorption by collagen was much higher than by lignins, humic acid, chitin, or cellulose. Sorption of benzene, toluene, or o-xylene was not only influenced by organic sorbent polarity and functionality (e.g., aromaticity), but also by additional properties which we inferred related to physical conformation of the organic sorbents. In this respect, collagen exhibits unique sorptive behavior toward removal of nonpolar organic chemicals in the aqueous phase, which was not shared by humic acids of similar C, O or N content. Key words: Sorption, collagen, lignin, polarity, hydrophobic domains
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Gavranović-Glamoč, Alma, Muhamed Ajanović, Samra Korać, Selma Zukić, Sanela Strujić-Porović, Alma Kamber-Ćesir, Lejla Kazazić, and Emir Berhamović. "Evaluation of the water sorption of luting cements in different solutions." Acta Medica Academica 46, no. 2 (January 11, 2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.197.

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<div class="WordSection1"><p><strong>Objective. </strong>To evaluate and compare the water sorption of three luting cements in three different solutions: distilled water and artificial saliva with different pH values (7.4 and 3.0). <strong>Materials and methods</strong>. Resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (GC Fuji Plus) and two resin cements (Multilink Automix and Variolink II) were used. A total of 45 specimens - 15 specimens (15x1 mm) for each cement were prepared according to ISO standard 4049:2009. The water sorptions of the cements were calculated by weighing the specimens before and after immersion and desiccation. <strong>Results. </strong>Nonparametric statistic methods were applied. GC Fuji Plus cement showed significantly higher values of water sorption in all three solutions of both resin cements (p&lt;0.009) and significantly higher values of sorption in artificial saliva pH 3.0. Multilink Automix showed significantly higher values of water sorption compared with Variolink II in artificial saliva pH 7.4, and higher values of sorption in this solution compared with pH value 3.0. <strong>Con- clusion. </strong>Water sorption values are mainly influenced by the proportion of hydrophilic matrix, the type and composition of filler, and the pH value of solutions.</p></div>
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Lake, Craig B., Ghazal Arefi, and Pak K. Yuet. "Examining fly ash as a sorbent for benzene, trichloroethylene, and ethylbenzene in cement-treated soils." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 50, no. 4 (April 2013): 423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2012-0198.

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The objective of this study was to examine the potential for beneficial reuse of fly ash as a sorbent for benzene, trichloroethylene, and ethylbenzene in soils treated with cement (i.e., cement-based solidification/stabilization (S/S)). Batch testing was performed with soil–cement mixtures containing fly ash and compared with similar samples with humic acid as a source of organic carbon. The experimental batch test results were fit to the Freundlich sorption model assuming both linear and nonlinear behavior. It was found that the level of sorption is low for benzene and trichloroethylene, but relatively higher for ethylbenzene. Cement addition appeared to not only decrease sorption values obtained for fly ash, but also eliminate the nonlinear sorptive behavior, likely due to the blocking–coating of sorption sites. To demonstrate the practical application of the sorption observed, a hypothetical contaminated site is modeled with a one-dimensional contaminant transport program. It iss shown that the addition of fly ash can potentially reduce off-site migration of trichloroethylene (TCE), but is more effective at reducing ethylbenzene migration, for the time frames considered in the modeling.
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Ceglarska-Stefańska, Grażyna, and Katarzyna Zarębska. "Expansion and Contraction of Variable Rank Coals during the Exchange Sorption of CO2 and CH4." Adsorption Science & Technology 20, no. 1 (February 2002): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/026361702760120926.

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The influence of the physical and chemical properties and the composition of the sorbed gas on the sorption capacity of hard coal must be taken into account in an analysis of such coals as specific collectors of mine gases. The analysis presented was based on a comparison of the results of sorption and expansion studies of single gases (CO2 and CH4) and their mixtures on two hard coals (Vdaf: 40.87% and 22.32%). The work presented was undertaken in an attempt to determine the influence of the sorptive deformation of the coals, caused by the pre-sorption of CO2, on the variation of their external dimensions during CH4 sorption and vice versa, and during sorption of a mixture of these gases. In addition, it was anticipated that the work could answer the question as to which of these gases would enrich the desorbed gas. Knowledge of these effects should facilitate further exploration of the relationship between the properties of a hard coal and methane evolution to establish those factors that enhance the rate and effectiveness of the process.
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Schneckenburger, Tatjana, and Sören Thiele-Bruhn. "Sorption of PAHs and PAH derivatives in peat soil is affected by prehydration status: the role of SOM and sorbate properties." Journal of Soils and Sediments 20, no. 10 (June 23, 2020): 3644–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02695-z.

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Abstract Purpose Sorption of organic compounds to soil largely determines their mobility and bioavailability in ecosystems. It is well known that molecular properties of the organic sorbates affect the sorbed amounts and sorption kinetics. But also changes in the hydration status of soils alter the physicochemical and sorptive properties of soil organic matter (SOM), which is the main sorbent for organic compounds in soils. This study elucidates the effects of varying SOM prehydration status on sorption of PAHs and PAH derivatives in peat soil. Materials and methods For sorption experiments, topsoil samples of a peat soil with 51% SOM were adjusted to water contents of 15, 30, and 50% (w/w based on dry soil mass) and conditioned for different water contact times of up to 2 years at one constant water content. Sorption kinetics and isotherms of naphthalene, three naphthalene derivatives, phenanthrene, and pyrene to these samples were investigated in batch experiments. Effects of the sorbates’ properties and SOM hydration on sorption were analyzed. Results and discussion Sorption to the peat soil was nonlinear and varied among sorbates and differently prehydrated soil samples. Sorbate polarizability, molecular volume, and weight increased the sorbed amount. Sorption kinetics were two-phased with a fast and a slow sorbing fraction. Hydroxyl groups in sorbates acting as H-donor or acceptor led to an increase of the slow sorbing fraction. Increasing total water contents, amounts of non-freezable water in SOM, increasing pore sizes, and decreasing hydrophobicity of SOM decreased the total sorbed amount and the fast sorbing fraction while increasing the slow sorbing fraction. The latter effects increased with increasing polarity and dipole moment of the sorbate. The SOM matrix rigidity varied with prehydration status; higher SOM matrix rigidity led to non-ideal sorption processes, namely, higher sorption nonlinearity and slower sorption. Conclusions The study revealed the effects and interplay of SOM prehydration status and molecular properties of the sorbates on sorption of PAHs and PAH derivatives. As sorbed amounts may decrease and become non-ideal upon aging at the presence of water, estimations of the mobility of organic compounds in the environment need to consider SOM prehydration status in high organic soils.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sorption"

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Meacham, Robert Ian. "Sorption-effect chromatography." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1990. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27095.

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The objective of this work has been to develop an understanding of the changes in volumetric flow rate that occur during chromatography so that flow rate measurements can be used as the basis of an analytical method. It is suggested that the total amount of gas which adsorbs on a column equals the total amount of gas which elutes from the end of the column.
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Mwamila, Luhuvilo. "Arsenic (V) and Phosphate sorption to Swedish clay soils - Freundlich sorption modelling." Thesis, KTH, Miljögeokemi och ekoteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-96100.

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This thesis is an attempt to analyze and interpret the behavior of the two elements arsenic and phosphorus when released into the environment. Both of them may occur naturally in the environment but also may be added to the environment for certain purposes e.g. as pesticides and fertilizers respectively or through anthropogenic sources. When in excess, arsenic can be toxic to plants and organisms in the soil and some of it when leaches to groundwater or transported to surface water bodies through runoffs may pose a threat to aquatic organisms. Likewise, phosphorus when in excess result into eutrophication of surface water bodies and groundwater as well which has been a major problem in the Baltic Sea. In order to be able to predict their mobility a study on their chemical and physical characteristics under different conditions is important. The soil composition is an important aspect of nutrient management because some of the minerals present i.e. hydr(oxides) of aluminium and iron tend to hold and store both arsenic and phosphorus in the soil, while plant uptake and harvest may remove them (especially phosphorus) from the soil. This study was focused on Swedish agricultural soils and the samples for investigation were collected from two locations, one is Broknäs from which samples were collected from different horizons i.e. A 0-30 cm, C 60-90 cm and C 47-67 cm samples from an area known as Bogesundslandet, NE of Stockholm (59°24’N, 18°18’E) and E21:2 was collected from the county of Östergötland (58°27’N,14°57’E), southern Sweden not far from Lake Vättern, from where the A horizon was collected. Batch experiments were performed to check pH and concentration dependence of the sorption/desorption of As and P. Two varieties of the Freundlich equation (Basic and Competitive) were used to model the results obtained. It was observed that the dependence of arsenate and phosphate sorption/desorption on pH show a similar but not identical trend for both anions. At low pH, the dependence of dissolved P and As did not agree, for unknown reasons. Possibly, the low pH value may mobilize otherwise un-reactive P that at higher pH are blocked by some aluminium/iron precipitate. The Freundlich modeling results showed that there is direct competitive adsorption between As and P ions, at least in the A horizon. However use of the competitive Freundlich equation did not result in meaningful results in the C horizon, which may indicate different As and P sorption mechanisms. However, further studies on this are recommended.
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Marais, Charles Guillaume. "Thermodynamics and kinetics of sorption /." Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1944.

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Bachmaf, Samer. "Uranium sorption on clay minerals." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-62404.

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The objective of the work described in this thesis was to understand sorption reactions of uranium occurring at the water-clay mineral interfaces in the presence and absence of arsenic and other inorganic ligands. Uranium(VI) removal by clay minerals is influenced by a large number of factors including: type of clay mineral, pH, ionic strength, partial pressure of CO2, load of the sorbent, total amount of U present, and the presence of arsenate and other inorganic ligands such as sulfate, carbonate, and phosphate. Both sulfate and carbonate reduced uranium sorption onto IBECO bentonite due to the competition between SO42- or CO32- ions and the uranyl ion for sorption sites, or the formation of uranyl-sulfate or uranyl-carbonate complexes. Phosphate is a successful ligand to promote U(VI) removal from the aqueous solution through formation of ternary surface complexes with a surface site of bentonite. In terms of the type of clay mineral used, KGa-1b and KGa-2 kaolinites showed much greater uranium sorption than the other clay minerals (STx-1b, SWy-2, and IBECO montmorillonites) due to more aluminol sites available, which have higher affinity toward uranium than silanol sites. Sorption of uranium on montmorillonites showed a distinct dependency on sodium concentrations because of the effective competition between uranyl and sodium ions, whereas less significant differences in sorption were found for kaolinite. A multisite layer surface complexation model was able to account for U uptake on different clay minerals under a wide range of experimental conditions. The model involved eight surface reactions binding to aluminol and silanol edge sites of montmorillonite and to aluminol and titanol surface sites of kaolinite, respectively. The sorption constants were determined from the experimental data by using the parameter estimation code PEST together with PHREEQC. The PEST- PHREEQC approach indicated an extremely powerful tool compared to FITEQL. In column experiments, U(VI) was also significantly retarded due to adsorptive interaction with the porous media, requiring hundreds of pore volumes to achieve breakthrough. Concerning the U(VI) desorption, columns packed with STx-1b and SWy-2 exhibited irreversible sorption, whereas columns packed with KGa-1b and KGa-2 demonstrated slow, but complete desorption. Furthermore, most phenomena observed in batch experiments were recognized in the column experiments, too. The affinity of uranium to clay minerals was higher than that of arsenate. In systems containing uranium and arsenate, the period required to achieve the breakthrough in all columns was significantly longer when the solution was adjusted to pH 6, due to the formation of the uranyl-arsenate complex. In contrast, when pH was adjusted to 3, competitive sorption for U(VI) and As(V) accelerated the breakthrough for both elements. Finally, experiments without sorbing material conducted for higher concentrations of uranium and arsenic showed no loss of total arsenic and uranium in non-filtered samples. In contrast, significant loss was observed after filtration probably indicating the precipitation of a U/As 1:1 phase.
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Higgo, J. J. W. "Radionuclide sorption by marine sediments." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37725.

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Marais, Charl Guillaume. "Thermodynamics and kinetics of sorption." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1810.

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Rimas, Zilvinas. "Sorption in disordered porous media." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/268094.

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The lattice-gas model of sorption in disordered porous media is studied for a variety of settings, using existing, updated and newly developed numerical techniques. Firstly, we construct an efficient algorithm to calculate the exact partition function for small lattice-gas systems. The exact partition function is used for detailed analysis of the core features exhibited by such systems. We proceed to develop an interactive Monte Carlo (MC) simulation engine, that simulates sorption in a porous media sample and provides real-time visual data of the state space projection and the 3d view of the sample among other parameters of interest, as the external fields are manipulated. The use of such tool provides a more intuitive understanding of the system behaviour. The MC simulations are employed to study sorption in several porous solids: silica aerogel, Vycor glass and soil. We investigate how the phenomena depend on the microstructure of the original samples, how the behaviour varies with the external conditions, and how it is reflected in the paths that the system takes across its state space. Secondly, we develop two methods for estimation of the relative degeneracy (the number of microstates that have the same value of some macroscopic variables) in the systems that are too large to be handled exactly. The methods, based on a restricted infinite temperature sampling, obtain equidegenerate surfaces and the degeneracy gradient across the state space. Combined with the knowledge of an internal energy of a microstate, it enables us to construct the free energy map and thus the equilibrium probability distribution for the studied projection of the state space. Thirdly, the jump-walking Monte-Carlo algorithm is revisited and updated to study the equilibrium properties of systems exhibiting quasi-ergodicity. It is designed for a single processing thread as opposed to currently predominant algorithms for large parallel processing systems. The updated algorithm is tested on the Ising model and applied to the lattice-gas model for sorption in aerogel and Vycor glass at low temperatures, when dynamics of the system is significantly slowed down. It is demonstrated that the updated jump-walking simulations are able to produce equilibrium isotherms which are typically hidden by the hysteresis effect characteristic of the standard single-flip simulations. As a result, we answer the long standing question about the existence of the first-order phase transitions in Vycor. Finally, we investigate sorption in several distinct topology network representations of soil and aerogel samples and demonstrate that the recently developed analytical techniques for random networks can be used to achieve a qualitative understanding of the phenomena in real materials.
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Alajmi, Faleh. "Water sorption of flowable composites." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/367584.

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Oral Biology
M.S.
ABSTRACT Objectives: Flowable composites are characterized by lower filler loading and a greater proportion of diluent monomers in their formulation. These composites were traditionally created by retaining the same small particle size of the conventional hybrid composites, but reducing the filler content and allowing the increased resin to reduce the viscosity of the mixture However, their various mechanical properties such as flexural strength and wear resistance have been reported to be generally inferior compared to those of the conventional composites. Dental restorative materials are in continuous contact with fluids and saliva in the patient’s mouth. Consequently, the water sorption and solubility of these materials are of considerable importance. Resin based materials demonstrate water sorption in the oral cavity, which is the amount of water absorbed by the material on the surface and into the body while the restoration is in service. The water intrusion in the dental material can lead in a deterioration of the physical/mechanical properties, decreasing the life of resin composites. Water uptake can promote breakdown causing a filler-matrix debonding. Water sorption affects the physical and mechanical properties of resin composite such as dimensional change, decrease in surface hardness and wear resistance, filler leaching, change in color stability, reduction in elastic modulus, and an increase in creep and a reduction in ultimate strength, fracture strength, fracture toughness, and flexural strength. In addition, penetration of water into the composite may cause release of unreacted monomers (solubility) which may stimulate the growth of bacteria and promote allergic reactions. The effect of water sorption on conventional composites has been extensively studied and reviewed in the dental literature. However , there are no published studies on the water sorption of flowable composites. Water sorption increases as the amount of resin matrix increases and filler content decreases, since the filler particles do not absorb water. Thus, it is of utmost importance to study the water sorption of flowable composite. Hence the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare water sorption and solubility values of different light-activated flowable composite materials in solutions with varying pH values. And, since water filled porosities in the flowable composites may form small incubation chambers, a second related objective was to compare and correlate water sorption values of the various flowables to their ability to form Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis single species biofilms in/on their surfaces. Methods: In this study, water sorption and solubility tests were performed according to the ISO standards (International Organization for Standardization specification 4049:07-2009- Dentistry- Polymer Based Restorative Materials [available at http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store.htm]). Three disc-shaped specimens of each flowable composite were made in a jig consisting of a Teflon mold (15 mm in diameter by 1 mm in thickness) compressed between 2 glass slabs with mylar strips used as separating sheets. The flowable resin was inserted in the Teflon mold in a single increment. All specimens were cured with a light-emitting diode curing unit. According to the ISO standard, discs were weighted every day for 35 days using the same balance, with a repeatability of 0.1 mg, until a constant mass (M1) was obtained. Once a constant M1 was obtained, the volume (V) was then calculated in cubic millimeters as follow: V =π(d/2)2h, where π=3.14; d is the mean diameter of the specimen; and h is the mean thickness of the specimen. After M1 was achieved, each flowable composite resin group of 3 discs was placed into buffers of pH = 4.0,5.5 and 7.0. After 24 hrs, specimens were wiped free of excess buffer with absorbent paper and weighed. This cycle was repeated at one week , one month, and six months. When a constant mass was achieved it was designated M2. Mass gain (Mg) was defined as follows: (M2 –M1). Per cent mass gain (%Mg) was defined as follows: (M2-M1/M1). Finally, the specimens were reconditioned to constant mass, once again following the above-mentioned procedure. This constant mass was recorded as M3. Water sorption (Wsp) was calculated in micrograms per cubic millimeter for each of the specimens by using the following equation provided by ISO 4049 standard: Wsp=(M2-M3)/V, where M2 is the mass of the specimens in micrograms after immersion in buffer for 30 days; M3 is the reconditioned mass of the specimen, in micrograms; and V is the volume of the specimen in cubic millimeters. Water solubility (Wsl) was calculated in micrograms per cubic millimeter for each of the specimens, using the following equation, provided by ISO 4049 standard: Wsl=(M1-M3)/V, where M1 is the conditioned mass of the specimen in micrograms before immersion in buffer; M3 is the reconditioned mass of each specimen in micrograms, and V is the volume of the specimen in cubic millimeters. For biofilm experiments, flowable discs were prepared as described above. Each disc was then sectioned into three equal portions using high speed and low speed handpieces , a diamond bur, and sandpaper discs, such that the three samples of each flowable had the same mass to within 0.3 mg. The samples were sterilized by dipping in 1.2% sodium hypochlorite (Chlorox), followed by rinsing with sterile distilled water, and then conditioning to a constant mass as described above, inside a desiccator that was wiped with 1.2 % Chlorox. Biofilm experiments were conducted as follows: three equal mass specimens of each flowable composite were placed in a series of wells of a sterile culture disc. Then sterile BHI broth (2 ml) was added to each well. One well served as control and no growing bacteria were added to it. To the other specimens was added 40 μl log phase S. mutans or S. sanguis cells. The culture dishes were then placed on a rotator at 37C for six hrs. Biofilm formation was measured by staining attached cells with crystal violet, destaining with 30% acetic acid, and measuring the satin spectrophotometically. Results: The pH of the solution influenced the % mass gain, as all samples gained more mass at pH 4.0 as compared to pH 5.5 and 7.0. The flowable resin SureFill showed the least % mass gain at each pH. However, there was no statistical difference in % mass gain based on pH of storage buffer for any of the flowable composites (P=.05) . Time had a significant influence on the % mass gain for the first week for all samples, with minor gains thereafter, and became steady after 1 month. Surefill showed the least water sorption when stored in buffer for 30 days, however it was not significant compared to the other flowables (P= 0.05). Filtek showed the least water solubility, but is not significant compared to the other flowables (P=0.05). The highest significant values (P< 0.05) for water sorption and solubility were observed for Virtuoso. Two trials indicated that strains of S. mutans and S. sanguis form biofilm readily on the surface of the composites, with S. sanguis having a higher predilection to form biofilm on all composites (Figure 6). However, no correlation was found between water sorption and solubility values of the flowable composites and biofilm formation. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study the following is concluded: Time and storage conditions are important to the % mass gain due to water, with all flowable composites showing more mass gain at low PH. Due to its hydrophilic nature, as well as to the filler characteristics, the flowable composite Virtuoso exhibited significantly higher values of water sorption and water solubility than the other flowable composites that were tested. All flowable composites formed S. sanguis and S. mutans single species biofilm on their surfaces, with S. sanguis forming higher concentrations of biofilm on all samples. There was no clear correlation to water sorption and biofilm formation characteristics of the composites.
Temple University--Theses
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Molinarolo, Susan L. "Sorption of xyloglucan onto cellulose fibers." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5760.

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Xyloglucan is a hemicellulose found in the primary cell walls of many plant species. Found adjacent to the cellulose, it is believed to function as a cementing material which contributes crosslinks and rigidity to the cellulose framework. The only noncovalent linkage reported in the primary cell wall cellulose-hemicellulose-pectic polysaccharide matrix of the cultured tissues is that between xyloglucan and cellulose. Therefore, the xyloglucan:cellulose association has been of great interest to researchers. Xyloglucan can be bound to cellulose in vitro to simulate this in vivo relationship. Previously, the sorption of xyloglucan fragments onto cellulose under non-physiological conditions had been studied, but little information was available on xyloglucan polymer sorption onto cellulose under more natural conditions. This thesis examined the sorption of the xyloglucan polymer isolated from Tamarindus indica onto cellulose fibers (cotton linters) in an aqueous environment. The structure of the xyloglucan isolated from Tamarindus indica in this thesis resembled that of other tamarind xyloglucans reported in the literature. Due to the milder isolation procedure employed, the molecular weight of this polymer was much larger than those previously found. No acetyl, pyruvate, methoxyl, or carboxyl groups were found. The molecular weight and certain structural features (e.g., no fucose units) also differed from the xyloglucan found in plant primary cell walls. When sorbed onto well characterized cotton linters, this xyloglucan exhibited equilibrium sorption within 24 hours. The equilibrium adsorption isotherm was defined. Monolayer sorption occurred. A maximum specific sorption value of 3.9 milligrams of xyloglucan sorbed per gram of cotton linters was calculated using Langmuir's adsorption isotherm theory. This value was compared with other values found in the literature for similar polymer adsorption studies. The effect of molecular weight on sorption equilibrium was also examined and found to be insignificant over the molecular weight range of the polymer isolated in this thesis.
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Ajmani, Manu. "Sorption of veterinary antibiotics to woodchips." Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13169.

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Master of Science
Department of Civil Engineering
Alok Bhandari
In the upper Midwest, subsurface tile drainage water is a major contributor of nitrate (NO[subscript]3–N) coming from fertilizers and animal manure. Movement of NO[subscript]3-N through tile drainage into streams is a major concern as it can cause eutrophication and hypoxia conditions, as in the Gulf of Mexico. Denitrifying bioreactors is one of the pollution control strategies to treat contaminated tile drainage water. These bioreactors require four conditions which are: 1) organic carbon source, 2) anaerobic conditions, 3) denitrifying bacteria and 4) influent NO[subscript]3-N. This research focuses on investigating fate of veterinary antibiotics in woodchips commonly used in in-situ reactors. Tylosin (TYL) and sulfamethazine (SMZ) are two veterinary antibiotics which are most commonly used in the United States and can be found in tile water after manure is land applied. Partition coefficients of TYL and SMZ on wood were determined by sorption experiments using fresh woodchips and woodchips from an in situ reactor. It was concluded that the woodchips were an effective means to sorb the veterinary antibiotics leached into the tile water after application of animal manure. Linear partition coefficients were calculated and phase distribution relationships were established for both the chemicals. The fresh woodchips gave inconclusive data but predictions could be made by the information determined in the experiments using woodchips from a ten year old woodchip bioreactor. Desorption was also studied and the likelihood of desorption was predicted using the Apparent Hysteresis Index. Overall, it was found that the old woodchips allowed for quick sorption of both antibiotics. It was also found that SMZ had reversible sorption on old woodchips. Thus, it was concluded that the woodchip bioreactor would not be effective for removal of veterinary antibiotics from tile drainage. More research is required for the fate of TYL and to confirm the conclusion.
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Books on the topic "Sorption"

1

Volesky, Bohumil. Sorption and biosorption. St. Lambert, Québec: BV Sorbex, 2003.

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Volesky, B. Sorption and biosorption. St. Lambert, QC: BV Sorbex, 2004.

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E, Keller George, and Yang Ralph T, eds. New directions in sorption technology. London: Butterworths, 1989.

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Keller, George E., and R. T. Yang. New directions in sorption technology. Boston: Butterworth, 1989.

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Ticknor, K. V. A study of nickel sorption. Pinawa, Man: AECL, Whiteshell Laboratories, 1994.

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Errede, L. A. Molecular interpretations of sorption in polymers. Berlin: Springer, 1991.

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Bokelmann, H. Working fluids for sorption heat pumps. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1986.

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1942-, Eccles H., Hunt S. 1938-, and Society of Chemical Industry (Great Britain), eds. Immobilisation of ions by bio-sorption. Chichester [West Sussex]: Published for the Society of Chemical Industry by E. Horwood Limited, 1986.

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H, Eccles, Hunt Stephen, and Society of Chemical Industry, eds. Immobilisation of ions by bio-sorption. Chichester: Published for Society of Chemical Industry by Ellis Horwood, 1986.

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Errede, L. Molecular interpretations of sorption in polymers. Berlin: Springer, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sorption"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Sorption." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 683. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_10910.

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Schwister, Karl, and Volker Leven. "Sorption." In Verfahrenstechnik für Ingenieure, 339–77. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446440012.021.

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Schwister, Karl, and Volker Leven. "Sorption." In Verfahrenstechnik für Ingenieure, 342–80. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446465008.021.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Sorption." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 523. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_9869.

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Schwister, Karl, and Volker Leven. "Sorption." In Verfahrenstechnik für Ingenieure, 342–80. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446461383.021.

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Ramkumar, Jayshree, and A. K. Tyagi. "Sorption." In Remedial and Analytical Separation Processes, 47–70. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003442516-4.

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Piccirillo, L., G. Coppi, and A. May. "Sorption Cryopumps." In Miniature Sorption Coolers, 61–71. Miniature sorption coolers : theory and applications / LucioPiccirillo, Gabriele Coppi, Andrew May.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351188678-3.

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Sabzi, Fatemeh. "Water Sorption and Solvent Sorption Behavior." In Characterization of Polymer Blends, 417–56. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527645602.ch14.

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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "transzelluläre Sorption." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege, 562. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_10648.

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Rodrigues, Alirio E., and Lu Zuping. "Sorption Processes." In Batch Processing Systems Engineering, 216–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60972-5_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sorption"

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Collazos-Escobar, Gentil Andres, Nelson Gutiérrez-Guzmán, Henry Alexander Vaquiro-Herrera, and Erika Tatiana Cortes-Macias. "Modeling sorption isotherms and isosteric heat of sorption of roasted coffee beans." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7668.

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The aim of this work was determine the sorption isotherms in roasted beans of specialty coffee at temperatures of 25, 30 and 40 °C and water activities between 0.1 and 0.8 using the dynamic dew point method. The experimental sorption data were modeled using 12 different equations to represent the dependence of equilibrium moisture content with aw and temperature. The net isosteric heat of sorption was determined from the experimental sorption data using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. The Weibull model satisfactorily modeled the effect of the temperature on the hygroscopic equilibrium in roasted coffee beans (R2adj =0.902 and RMSE = 0.00550 kg·kg-1d.b.). The net isosteric heat of sorption increase with increased moisture content. Keywords: water activity; sorption properties; equilibrium moisture content; hygroscopicity
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Luna-Flores, Mario, Mariana Gisela Peña-Juarez, Angélica Mara Bello-Ramirez, Javier Telis-Romero, and Guadalupe Luna-Solano. "Moisture sorption isotherms and isosteric heat sorption of habanero pepper (Capsicum chínense) dehydrated powder." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7637.

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Moisture sorption isotherms of the habanero pepper powder were determined using the Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS) method at 20, 25, 35, 45 and 55 °C in a range of water activity from 0.10 to 0.90 at which the processes of drying, packing and storage of habanero pepper are developed. The sorption capacity decreased with increasing temperature at a given water activity and the sorption isotherms showed a sigmoid form (Type II). The hysteresis phenomenon was observed in the sorption isotherms at all temperatures studied and it was more pronounced at temperatures high. The experimental sorption curves were fitting to the GAB, BET and Oswin models. It was concluded that the models that best describe the adsorption and desorption data for habanero pepper dehydrated powder were the GAB and Oswin models. The isosteric heat of water sorption was calculated with the moisture content data in equilibrium. The desorption isotherms present a higher isosteric heat in relation to the adsorption isotherms. In both, the isosteric heat decreased as the moisture content increased. Keywords: Habanero pepper dehydrated powder; Convective drying; Moisture sorption isotherms; Mathematic models
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Sapronova, Zhanna Anuarovna, Svetlana Vasilievna Sverguzova, and Ekaterina Viktorovna Fomina. "Nanocomposite carbon-bearing sorption material." In International Conference "Actual Issues of Mechanical Engineering" 2017 (AIME 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aime-17.2017.118.

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Orincak, Jana. "SORPTION CAPACITY OF IMPROVISED SORBENTS." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/52/s20.107.

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Lopez, Bruno, and Roberto Aguilera. "Sorption-Dependent Permeability of Shales." In SPE/CSUR Unconventional Resources Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/175922-ms.

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Oladiran Fasina. "Moisture Sorption Properties of Sweetpotato." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.16962.

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Horner-Richardson, Kevin D., and Kwang Y. Kim. "Sorption reservoirs for thermionic converters." In Proceedings of the ninth symposium on space nuclear power systems. AIP, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41906.

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Tzabar, Nir, and Gershon Grossman. "Nitrogen activated-carbon sorption compressor." In ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING: Transactions of the Cryogenic Engineering Conference - CEC, Volume 57. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4706999.

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Koç, Banu, Gamze Atar, and Nazan Çağlar. "Moisture sorption characteristics of pistachio." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7826.

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In this study, the moisture adsorption isotherm of pistachio was determined at 25°C and relative humidity (10-90%), using the standard static, gravimetric method. Eleven sorption models were tested to fit the experimental data. A non-linear regression analysis method was used to evaluate the constants of the sorption equations. The GAB equation gave the best fit to the experimental data for a wide range of water activity, while BET gave the best fit for a water activity range of 0.1-0.5. The agreement between experimental and predicted values of these models was found to be satisfactory. Keywords: Moisture adsorption isotherm; Sorption model; Pistachio
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Olteanu, Mirela, and Crina Bucur. "Test Sorption on Concrete Samples." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4738.

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The near-field disposal facility will be design to provide effective containment for the radionuclide in the waste. Its design is based on a concept of multi-barrier containment, which makes use of physical (by the steel and concrete packaging) and chemical containment (based on development of uniform, beneficial aqueous condition and the provision of a high sorption capacity across the repository) within the cell of repository and of geological isolation. The achieve of this paper is to evaluate the chemical containment process (sorption capacity of backfill, distribution coefficient) of the potential contaminants which can be releases from radioactive waste conditioned form disposed in this repository, because of the dissolution/leaching processes.
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Reports on the topic "Sorption"

1

Chefetz, Benny, and Baoshan Xing. Sorption of hydrophobic pesticides to aliphatic components of soil organic matter. United States Department of Agriculture, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7587241.bard.

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Sorption of hydrophobic compounds to aliphatic components of soil organic matter (SOM) is poorly understood even though these aliphatic carbons are a major fraction of SOM. The main source of aliphatic compounds in SOM is above- and below-ground plant cuticular materials (cutin, cutan and suberin). As decomposition proceeds, these aliphatic moieties tend to accumulate in soils. Therefore, if we consider that cuticular material contributes significantly to SOM, we can hypothesize that the cuticular materials play an important role in the sorption processes of hydrophobic compounds (including pesticides) in soils, which has not yet been studied. The overall goal of this research was to illustrate the mechanism and significance of the refractory aliphatic structures of SOM in sorbing hydrophobic compounds (nonionic and weakly polar pesticides). The importance of this study is related to our ability to demonstrate the sorption relationship between key pesticides and an important fraction of SOM. The specific objectives of the project were: (1) To isolate and characterize cuticular fractions from selected plants; (2) To investigate the sorption mechanism of key hydrophobic pesticides and model compounds to cuticular plant materials; (3) To examine the sorption mechanisms at the molecular level using spectroscopic techniques; (4) To investigate the sorption of key hydrophobic pesticides to synthetic polymers; (5) To evaluate the content of cuticular materials in agricultural soils; and (6) To study the effect of incubation of plant cuticular materials in soils on their sorptive capabilities. This project demonstrates the markedly high sorption capacity of various plant cuticular fractions for hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) and polar organic pollutants. Both cutin (the main polymer of the cuticle) and cutan biopolymers exhibit high sorption capability even though both sorbents are highly aliphatic in nature. Sorption by plant cuticular matter occurs via hydrophobic interactions and H-bonding interactions with polar sorbates. The cutin biopolymer seems to facilitate reversible and noncompetitive sorption, probably due to its rubbery nature. On the other hand, the epicuticular waxes facilitate enhance desorption in a bi-solute system. These processes are possibly related to phase transition (melting) of the waxes that occur in the presence of high solute loading. Moreover, our data highlight the significance of polarity and accessibility of organic matter in the uptake of nonpolar and polar organic pollutants by regulating the compatibility of sorbate to sorbent. In summary, our data collected in the BARD project suggest that both cutin and cutan play important roles in the sorption of HOCs in soils; however, with decomposition the more condensed structure of the cutin and mainly the cutan biopolymer dominated sorption to the cuticle residues. Since cutin and cutan have been identified as part of SOM and humic substances, it is suggested that retention of HOCs in soils is also controlled by these aliphatic domains and not only by the aromaticrich fractions of SOM.
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DUNCAN JB, KELLY SE, ROBBINS RA, ADAMS RD, THORSON MA, and HAASS CC. TECHNETIUM SORPTION MEDIA REVIEW. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1028213.

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Glass, Samuel V., Samuel L. Zelinka, Charles R. Boardman, and Emil Engelund Thybring. Promoting advances in understanding water vapor sorption in wood: relegating popular models and misconceptions. Department of the Built Environment, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau541615744.

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Water vapor sorption is a fundamental characteristic of wood as a building material. Apart from empirical prediction, models are often used to interpret the time-dependent process of water vapor uptake (sorption kinetics) and equilibrium states of water in wood (sorption isotherms). This paper summarizes our recent investigations into measurement methods and popular models that are widely used for interpreting these physical phenomena. Commonly used criteria for determining equilibrium moisture content with the dynamic vapor sorption technique yield much larger errors than previously thought. A more rigorous equilibrium criterion and a method to reduce data acquisition time are proposed. Evaluation of the parallel exponential kinetics model with improved data and multi-exponential decay analysis indicates that this model is unable to characterize the full sorption kinetic response following a step change in relative humidity. Fitting of common sorption isotherm models to high-quality equilibrium data for wood gives model predicted physical quantities such as monolayer capacity and enthalpy of sorption that are far from agreement with independently measured data. Thus, these models are not valid for water vapor sorption in wood. New theoretical models are needed that correctly describe the physical phenomena.
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Hoeffner, S. L. Strontium Sorption onto SRP Soils. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/782826.

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Silberstein, Samuel. A gypsum wallboard formaldehyde sorption model. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.89-4028.

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Dittrich, Timothy M. Actinide Sorption Under WIPP-Relevant Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1351205.

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Powell, Brian, Daniel I. Kaplan, Yuji Arai, Udo Becker, and Rod Ewing. Development of a Self-Consistent Model of Plutonium Sorption: Quantification of Sorption Enthalpy and Ligand-Promoted Dissolution. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1367657.

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Duff, M. C. Uranium Sorption on Sodium Aluminosilicates and Gibbsite. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/807916.

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Szlufarska, Izabela, Dane Morgan, and Todd Allen. Modeling Fission Product Sorption in Graphite Structures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1082917.

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Iyer, J., B. Foley, F. Qian, and S. Aubry. Moisture Sorption and Swelling of Sylgard-184. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2203620.

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