Dissertations / Theses: 'SOS villages'

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Saab, Nadine. "Voluntary Motherhood? : a study on seven Lebanese SOS Children’s Village Mothers." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-402.

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The purpose of this project is to study the women involved in the SOS Children’s Villages; the influence of the association on their views on life, as seen from a human-rights and a religious perspective. Questions such as why they chose to work with the association and what it gives them to do so are treated in this study.

My goal has been to study and present different aspects of something so important, but yet so unfamiliar. The method used in this project is minor field studies, which means visiting the villages, living with the families and observing their daily lives. The means of acquiring the information necessary for this study is by qualitative interviews with the mothers.

A theoretical framework has been used as a complement to the study, and it is also used to bring greater understanding to the SOS mothers and how they have shaped their lives.

My ambition with this essay is to bring out their individual experiences on how they view their own lives at present and what meaning life has given them. I have used seven of the 14 interviews conducted.

The outcome shows that several factors play important roles as to why the mothers decided to work with the association. Such factors were socioeconomic and sociopsyhologic factors. Other conclusions that were drawn after this field trip were that the women are very vulnerable to the social situation in Lebanon. They need someone to support them since the men are the primary providers. If the women do not find someone to marry they need to find another source for provision and the SOS children’s Association is one way to go. The sense of Coherence that these women had was indeed strong, they felt meaningfulness in what they did, they had comprehended the situations at hand and could manage the situations as predictable, and they have the confidence to know that everything will work out in the best way possible.

Uppsatsen har givits ut som bok 2009 med titeln: "Lebanese SOS Children's Villages: Stories of the village mothers" av VDM Verlag, Saarbrücken.

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Leiria, Joana Rita Pereira. "Adolescentes de aldeias SOS: Capacidades, dificuldades, suporte social e satisfação com a vida." Master's thesis, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/2741.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Pretendeu-se investigar quais as capacidades e dificuldades de adolescentes retirados à sua família biológica e inseridos em aldeias SOS, bem como a sua satisfação com a vida e suporte social. Para este efeito, inquirimos 35 adolescentes (18 raparigas e 17 rapazes, com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 16 anos), suas mães sociais e directores de turma. Os instrumentos aplicados neste estudo foram o Questionário de Capacidades e Dificuldades (Strehgths and Difficulties Questionnaire de Goodman 1997, 2001; Fleitlich, Loureiro, Fonseca e Gaspar, 2004), o Questionário de Suporte Social (Social Support Questionnaire - SSQ-R, Sarason, Sarason, Shearin, & Pierce, 1987; Moreira, Andrez, Moleiro, Silva, Aguiar, & Bernardes, 2002) e a Escala Multidimensional Satisfação com a Vida para Adolescentes (Segabinazi, Giacomoni, Dias, Teixeira & Moraes, 2010). Mães sociais e professores nem sempre apresentaram respostas concordantes, o que poderá ser justificado pela diversidade de comportamentos do adolescente em contextos diferentes. As respostas das mães e dos professores apontam para dificuldades, nalgumas dimensões do SDQ, nomeadamente problemas de comportamento (ambos os informantes), sintomas emocionais (Mães sociais) e problemas com colegas (Mães sociais); na escala de comportamento pró-social, regista-se uma avaliação maioritariamente positiva de ambos os informantes. Os jovens referem algumas pessoas na sua rede de suporte (entre 1 e 4), principalmente os amigos e a mãe (social), manifestando claramente a sua satisfação com este apoio disponível e com a vida, especialmente no domínio Amizade. Os resultados sugerem a importância do apoio e intervenção com crianças e adolescentes privados de cuidados parentais, no sentido de amenizar algumas das suas dificuldades.
ABSTRACT: It was intended to investigate what capabilities and difficulties of adolescents withdrawn its biological family and inserted into villages SOS, their satisfaction with life and social support. For this purpose, 35 adolescents (18 girls and 17 boys, aged between 14 and 16 years), their mothers and teachers, were inquired. The instruments used in this study were the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Goodman 1997, 2001; Fleitlich, Loureiro, Fonseca & Gaspar, 2004), the Social Support Questionnaire (Social Support Questionnaire - SSQ-R Sarason, Sarason, Shearin, & Pierce, 1987; Moreira, Andrez, Miller, Smith, Aguiar & Bernardes, 2002) and the Multidimensional Scale of Life Satisfaction for Adolescents (Segabinazi et al, 2010). Social mothers and teachers do not always show consistent responses, which may be explained by the diversity of adolescent behaviors in different contexts. The responses of mothers and teachers point to difficulties in some dimensions of the SDQ, including behavior problems (both informants), emotional symptoms (social mothers) and problems with peers (social mothers); in the scale of prosocial behavior, there is a mostly positive review of both informants. Adolescents refer some people in their support network (between 1 and 4), mainly friends and mother (social), clearly expressing its satisfaction with this support available and with life, especially in the field Friendship. The results suggest the importance of support and intervention with children and adolescents deprived of parental care, in order to alleviate some of their difficulties.

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Gahizi, Thacien. "La construction du sentiment d’exister chez les adolescents ayant grandi dans les Villages d’enfants SOS dans l’après-génocide au Rwanda: Approche développementale et systémique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/220444.

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A partir du postulat que les comportements problématiques que manifestent certains adolescents ayant grandi dans les villages d’enfants SOS au Rwanda post-génocide constituaient le versant négatif de l’aboutissement du processus de construction du sentiment d’exister, l’objectif principal de cette recherche était la compréhension de ce processus. Ces comportements problématiques ne seraient pas nécessairement synonyme de son échec, mais seraient, surtout à l’adolescence, des tentatives de se faire exister, en lien avec différents éléments qu’il nous fallait découvrir.En appliquant une approche développementale et systémique de recherche et en raisonnant en termes de facteurs de protection et/ou de risque, nous avons identifié quatre facteurs impliqués dans ce processus.Le traumatisme psychique et les deuils compliqués qui ont succédé aux différentes pertes que ces adolescents ont subies pendant le génocide continuent de peser sur le processus de construction de leur sentiment d’exister. De ce fait, certains des comportements problématiques qu’ils affichent peuvent se comprendre comme des réactions comorbides au PTSD.L’environnement physique/matériel et humain dans lequel ces adolescents ont grandi était aussi un facteur de risque. La discontinuité/pluralité des contextes dans lesquels ils ont vécu, le côté institutionnel des villages d’enfants qui prend le dessus sur le côté familial, la primauté des liens de sang dans la société rwandaise et la (trop) grande importance accordée aux activités scolaires au détriment des autres activités sont mis en cause.La qualité de l’attachement développée par chacun des jeunes suivant sa trajectoire de développement joue aussi dans certains cas comme facteur de risque. L’insécurité de l’attachement est notamment impliquée dans certains comportements problématiques, dans la question de dépendance chronique de certains jeunes et dans la faible estime de soi.L’étude a aussi montré que dans certains cas ce sont les modalités relationnelles familiales et extrafamiliales propres à chaque adolescent qui jouent comme facteurs de risque, notamment des difficultés liées à la quête des origines et des héritages familiaux, ainsi que celles liées à la construction d’un sentiment d’affiliation à la famille SOS d’accueil.
From the assumption that problematic behaviors manifested by some adolescents who were raised in SOS Children’s Villages in post-genocide Rwanda constitute the negative side of the outcome of the process of construction of their sense of existence, the main aim of this research was to understand that process. These behavior problems would not necessarily mean its failure. Rather, especially at the adolescence period, they would be understood as attempts to make themselves exist, in line with different elements that we ought to discover.Applying a developmental and systemic research approach, and reasoning in terms of protection and/or risk factors, we identified four factors involved in that process.The psychological trauma and complicated grief that followed the losses that these adolescents sustained during the genocide are still a burden to the process of construction of their sense of existence. Therefore, some of their behavior problems can be understood as comorbid reactions to the PTSD.The physical and human environment in which these adolescents were raised was also a risk factor. The discontinuity/plurality of contexts in which they lived, the institutional side of SOS Children’s Villages that overpowers the family side, the primacy of blood relationships in the rwandan society and the (too much) consideration given to school activities, leaving out other activities, were found to be involved.The quality of the attachment developed by each youth through their development path comes also as a risk factor in some cases. The attachment insecurity is, among others, involved in some behavior problems, in the chronic dependency of some adolescents, and in the lack of self-esteem.The study also shows that in some cases, it is the family and extrafamily relational modalities of every adolescent that play as risk factors, namely those difficulties related to the quest for origins and family heritages and those involved in the construction of the feeling of belonging or affiliation to the SOS foster family.
Doctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Ekström, Sarah, and Magdalena Persson. "Kulturellt relevant socialt arbete? : En fältstudie i en SOS-barnby, Swaziland." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-29248.

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The purpose of this study was to examine how SOS Children's Villages as an organization in Swaziland is affected by, and takes into account, the cultural, organizational and societal context in which it acts. Material was gathered through a field study during one month in one of the three SOS Children's Villages in Swaziland. The study has a qualitative approach and is based on the result from 12 semi-structured interviews with village mothers and other representatives from the organization. The other representatives were: social worker, program director, child and youth development coordinator, board member and educational manager. Since this study is both characterized by a specific historical, cultural and organizational context, we decided to connect the postcolonial perspective with an organization theory with focus on the concepts of culture, power and a children’s right perspective. The result from the study showed that SOS Children's village is affected by and takes into account the cultural and societal context in Swaziland in several ways. They do so, mainly by inlvolving the children in cultural values and activites. The result also showed that the village is influenced by the organizational field, because the SOS-Children´s village is in need of creating legitimacy. However, it becomes thus a dilemma how much the social work should be built upon, adapted, or should take into account the cultural, organizational and societal contexts to not maintain colonial worldviews.

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Dufek, Josef. "Využití metod Competitive Intelligence v neziskových organizacích." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191924.

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This work analyzes the possibilities of using of Competitive Intelligence in nonprofit organizations and suggests a method of implementation of Competitive Intelligence in the existing nonprofit organization. In the theoretical part I write about the nonprofit sector in the Czech Republic and selected countries of the European Union and I briefly describe the term Competitive Intelligence. In the practical part I use a questionnaire to analyze the possibilities of using of Competitive Intelligence in the nonprofit sector and after that I perform PESTEL and PORTER analyses of the SOS Children's Villages. In the end I use a multi-criteria evaluation to select the best method of the implementation of Competitive Intelligence in the analyzed organization.

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Cargonja, Diana, and Jelena Grahovac. "Att se världen i svart och vitt : En kritisk granskning av SOS Barnbyars reklamkampanjer." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för hälsa, kultur och pedagogik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-5436.

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The purpose of this thesis is to do a critical review of the aid organization SOS Children’s Villages text- and video campaigns, from a postcolonial perspective. Our purpose is divided into two questions: Are there colonial values in the advertising campaigns? Which language- and image strategies are used by SOS Children’s Villages to put across their messages? Our material consists of 10 selected video clips, and four printed ads that are made up of an image and a short text, which are part of a campaign named: Inte ett enda barn ska behöva vara ensamt (translation: Not a single child should have to be alone). We have chosen to use text- and image analysis as a method in our review of the material. The main theoretical base in our thesis is postcolonialism, while”the Other” and ”whiteness” are two concepts we have chosen so that we can reach a deeper analytical level. We have analyzed some of the clips from the concept “The White Man’s Burden”, and have discovered that ”The Western World” tries to insert their own values and ideals into ”The Third World”. We have also discovered that the children, in some sequences, are presented as non-human and differentiated from the “white Westerners”. The last chapter in our thesis problematizes how modern technology, as Smartphones, applications and social media, are used to make it easier to give money to charity. We also discuss how “The Western World” can be seen as a contributor to the current situation in “The Third World”, which makes the aspect of high-technology even more interesting.

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Fung, Pik Ki. "House building movement in the context of rural-urban transformation : a case study on C village in southern China /." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?SOSC%202009%20FUNG.

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Pinto, Lynch Alexandra Camila. "Aldea Infantil SOS - Lima Norte: Comas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626126.

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Se propone una Aldea Infantil SOS en Lima Norte, distrito de Comas. Este distrito es el 4to distrito con mayor población de Lima y el segundo de Lima Norte con alrededor de 524 mil 894 habitantes según INEI. Este distrito tiene un margen de pobreza de 16%, ocupando el sexto lugar de Lima Norte y además en ocupar el tercer lugar en tener 3.9 áreas verdes/ hab., los dos primeros lo encabezan los distritos de Santa Rosa (18 mil 751 hab.) y Los Olivos (distrito menos pobre de Lima Norte: 9,75%). Hoy Lima Norte posee las características que facilitará el desarrollo del proyecto en sí, ya que cuenta con grandes extensiones de terrenos que pueden suplir la necesidad para abarcar el tamaño de que la edificación requiere y sigue siendo un sector de Lima vulnerable en cuanto a situación de niños que son víctimas de rechazo, violencia y abandono. Para esto, se hizo primero un criterio de selección para poder elegir el distrito adecuado para la aldea en Lima Norte según Aldeas Infantiles SOS, de los cuales se rescataron 4 ítems básicos: Índice de pobreza, densidad poblacional, cantidad de áreas verdes y el índice de denuncias por maltrato familiar y abandono de hogar. Finalmente se terminó escogiendo Comas por tener las características que se requieren para el establecimiento de la aldea. Se tiene pensado la construcción de las aldeas infantiles no como los albergues tradicionales, sino mediante hogares agrupados que buscan asimilarse a la forma de vida de una familia.
An SOS Children's Village is proposed in Lima Norte, district of Comas. This is the 4th district with the largest population of Lima and the second one with around 524 thousand 894 inhabitants according to INEI. This district has a 16% of poverty margin occupying the sixth place in Lima Norte and the third place to have 3.9 green areas per inhabitants. The first one is Santa Rosa with 18,751 inhab.) and the second one is Los Olivos (less poor district of Lima Norte: 9.75%). Today Lima Norte has the characteristics that will facilitate the development of the project itself, since it has large areas of land that can cover the size of the building required and remains a vulnerable sector of Lima in terms of Children who are victims of rejection, violence and abandonment. For this, four evaluation criteria were able to choose the appropriate district of Lima Norte according to SOS Children´s Villages, from which were: Poverty index, population density, number of green areas and the index of complaints about domestic violence and abandonment of home. Finally, it was finished choosing Comas for having the characteristics that are required for the establishment of the village. The construction of SOS Children´s Villages is planned not as traditional shelters, but through grouped homes that seek to assimilate the way of life of a real family.
Tesis

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Sun, Xiulin. "Dang dai Zhongguo de cun zhuang zhi li yu ji xiao fen xi /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?SOSC%202007%20SUN.

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Denoun, Manon. "Décorations, peintures et images de soi ; Les processus de représentation à l'ère du Village-Global. Études de cas dans trois villages de la Copperbelt africaine." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0158/document.

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L'histoire houleuse de la province du Katanga, et plus largement de la République démocratique du Congo a fortement remanié l'organisation du tissu social traditionnel et la répartition de la population. Dans les villages à proximité des routes, de nombreuses populations cohabitent - Tshokwés, Kasaïen, Amba, Bemba, Lamba, etc. - et essayent de projeter et construire un avenir malgré la rareté des ressources. Dans l'espace rural du Katanga et du nord de la province de la Copperbelt (Zambie), les différentiels économiques, réels et fantasmés, sont omniprésents. La circulation d'expatriés – personnel d'ONG, salariés des sociétés minières, missionnaires, etc. - et la présence de « creuseurs » ou encore le va-et-vient de camions transportant le minerai exacerbent la conscience de pauvreté des habitants. Les moyens de communication modernes, le modèle de consommation occidental ont été assimilés avec une brutale rapidité transformant radicalement les modes et manières de se représenter, et en répercussion la conscience de soi des individus (De Lame et Dibwe, 2005 : 36). La jeune génération, et notamment dans les villages où la marge de manœuvre créatrice est plus grande, réinvente ces codes au travers des décorations en argile, en usant d'un legs dont elle n'a pas nécessairement conscience. La « guerre sociale des signes » (Ouedraogo, 2008 : 8) qui accompagne la globalisation nécessite de mieux comprendre les processus de représentation et c'est ce que vise cette recherche ; il s'agit donc dans cet ouvrage de mieux percevoir la façon dont se disent les individus que sont les habitants de trois villages de la Copperbelt africaine, voire la façon dont ils s'affichent par le biais des décorations. “Décorations, peintures et images de soi ; les processus de représentation à l'ère du Village-Global : Études de cas dans trois villages de la Copperbelt africaine” analyse ainsi les représentations produites par les habitants des villages de Makwacha (République démocratique du Congo), de Kakyelo (DRC) et de Mudenda (Zambie) au travers des décorations réalisées sur les murs des cases
My research analyzes the mural paintings realized in the villages of Makwacha (Democratic Republic of Congo), Kakyelo (DRC) and Mudenda (Zambia). These mural paintings, while displaying apparently heterogeneous aesthetics, show similar production process (a mostly female collective dynamic, a similar use of clay and organic mixture as painting materials) that suggest their link to the former Lamba tradition called kushingula. Over the last 50 years, great economic and political changes have occured in Zambia and Democratic Republic of Congo. How do these mural paintings practices relate to each other ? What social status do have these paintings nowadays? Who does realize them and for which reasons? What kind of narratives do they elaborate? In order to understand what mirror these practices, I investigate on the inhabitants' motivations and sources of inspiration and the singular histories of each village, connecting individuals' initiatives and influences with village economic issues and structural organization. Indeed, along with the inhabitants, these mural painting practices involve a wide range of actors (NGO, tourists, journalists, artists, etc.) intertwinning different scales, divergent interests and heclectic imaginaries which question how cultural values and signs constantly (re)emerged from heterogenous agencies and how it circulates through individuals and groups

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HOFFA, SAMANTHA. "STORM WATER BUILD-OUT ANALYSIS: AMBERLEY VILLAGE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1085698416.

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Kasuta, Mubanga. "Children's agency in reducing poverty and environmental risk : Case Study of SOS Children's Village, Lusaka." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/78428.

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The Zambia Statistical Agency (ZSA) estimates the current population of Zambia to be at 17,885,422 (Zambia Statistics Agency, 2020). More than 50 percent (53.4 %) of Zambian population are children under 18 years (UNICEF, 2020). From the statistics, it can be deduced that Zambia has a huge dependency problem and many children have to struggle with access to basic needs such as food, shelter and education. Children have the right to participate in decisions that affect their lives and must be included in decision-making processes on poverty reduction and environmental risks (Katunga & Lombard, 2016:200;201). The goal of the study was to explore and describe how children’s agency is recognised and respected in programmes/interventions aimed at reducing poverty and environmental risk in SOS Children’s Village, Lusaka. The Human Rights-Based Approach was the theoretical framework for the study. The researcher employed a qualitative research approach and the study was both explorative and descriptive in nature. The research design was an instrumental case study and the sample of ten participants was purposively selected from SOS Children’s Village Lusaka. The participants included five children whom were in the alternative care programme and five key informants of whom three (3) were social workers and two (2) child development specialists. Data was collected by means of semi-structured one-on-one interviews and data was analysed through themes. Findings indicated that SOS Children’s Village, Lusaka provides in all the basic needs of the children and protects them from poverty and environmental risks at the institution. Furthermore, adult’s concept of the child influences how they allow child participation. Most key informants viewed a child to be in need of guidance and protection whilst a few viewed a child as having the ability to participate while being protected. Children’s participation is mostly restricted to their housing environments while their participation in programme matters is more passive as their views are hardly asked or considered. The study concluded that children do not participate directly in the conceptualisation, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of programmes/interventions. Thus, their agency to a large extent is not respected in participation. The study recommends that role players involved in the SOS Children’s Village, Lusaka can promote children’s agency and engage them in all the phases of the programme by developing their agency, upholding their human rights and engaging the larger community. Key words: SOS Children’s Village; child participation; child agency; poverty; environmental risks
Mini Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Social Work and Criminology
MSW
Unrestricted

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Tewolde, Gebretedek Biruk. "An assessment of participatory monitoring and evaluation in NGOs: a case study of SOS Children’s Village, Cape Town, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6570.

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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)
This study is an assessment of participatory monitoring and evaluation in NGOs: a case study of SOS Children’s Village,Cape town, South Africa. The aim of the study is to examine the process of application of PM&E framework in the SOS Children’s Village Project, with a view to ascertaining its impact on the project and to provide suggestions and recommendations to SOS and NGOs in South Africa. There were four primary objectives of this study:to provide a theoretical and conceptual framework, through the discussion and/or analysis of applicable PM&E theories and concepts; to provide an overview of organizational structure of the project implementation team of SOS; to identify the different stakeholders involved in the monitoring and evaluation process; to empirically assess the process of PM&E in the SOS Project. The theoretical and conceptual framework of participatory development approach and the child rights based approach is used in this study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of research are used throughout the study and measurement of key variables are made. While the systematic random sampling technique is utilised to collect data for the quantitative research, purposive sampling was used to select respondents for semi-structured interviews in the qualitative research. The study identified that the monitoring and evaluation process in SOS Children’s Village, Cape Town, South Africa is participatory in which the relevant stakeholders, especially the beneficiaries i.e. children participate in the monitoring and evaluation process. However, the study recommended that there should be an updated training and seminar for the staff to empower them to enhance their understanding of participatory monitoring and evaluation

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Loiske, Vesa-Matti. "The village that vanished : The roots of erosion in a Tanzanian village." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : A. Tryck & Förlag, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37652336q.

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Gebretedek, Biruk Tewolde. "An assessment of participatory monitoring and evaluation in NGOs: a case study of SOS children’s village, Cape Town, South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6614.

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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)
This study is an assessment of participatory monitoring and evaluation in NGOs: a case study of SOS Children’s Village,Cape town, South Africa. The aim of the study is to examine the process of application of PM&E framework in the SOS Children’s Village Project, with a view to ascertaining its impact on the project and to provide suggestions and recommendations to SOS and NGOs in South Africa. There were four primary objectives of this study:to provide a theoretical and conceptual framework, through the discussion and/or analysis of applicable PM&E theories and concepts; to provide an overview of organizational structure of the project implementation team of SOS; to identify the different stakeholders involved in the monitoring and evaluation process; to empirically assess the process of PM&E in the SOS Project. The theoretical and conceptual framework of participatory development approach and the child rights based approach is used in this study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods of research are used throughout the study and measurement of key variables are made. While the systematic random sampling technique is utilised to collect data for the quantitative research, purposive sampling was used to select respondents for semi-structured interviews in the qualitative research. The study identified that the monitoring and evaluation process in SOS Children’s Village, Cape Town, South Africa is participatory in which the relevant stakeholders, especially the beneficiaries i.e. children participate in the monitoring and evaluation process. However, the study recommended that there should be an updated training and seminar for the staff to empower them to enhance their understanding of participatory monitoring and evaluation.

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Valentin, Thierry Pordeus Ismael Laplantine François. "L'Amazonie métisse : narrations et définitions des figures de soi et d'autrui au sein de villages ruraux du Nord du Brésil - Etat du Para." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2001/valentin_t.

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Cazes, Jean-Paul. "Habitat et occupation du sol en Lauragais audois au Moyen âge." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20019.

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Ce travail consiste en une approche aussi diversifiée que possible (archives, cartes et plans anciens et actuels, micro toponymie, prospection archéologique, au sol et aérienne. . . ) d'une région du Languedoc, le Lauragais, située à la limite orientale des anciens diocèse et comte de Toulouse. L'espace étudié compte 75 communes du département de l'Aude, couvrant 880 km2. Le but de l'étude est de saisir l'évolution du peuplement dans son environnement durant une très large période (Ve-XVIIe s. ), afin de déterminer l'ensemble des phénomènes de création, déplacement ou abandons des villages médiévaux. Après une introduction présentant la méthodologie (60 pages) la thèse comprend un dossier de monographies communales, ordonnées selon un ordre géographique (700 p. ), puis une synthèse chronologique (250 p. ). Les monographies présentent l'ensemble de la documentation disponible pour chaque agglomération ou site recensés : historique, topographie, formation du territoire, lignages seigneuriaux. Dans cette partie, le bas Moyen âge et l'époque moderne, plus riches en sources, sont mieux représentés. La synthèse développe les périodes anciennes. L'auteur y envisage la permanence de domaines antiques durant le haut Moyen âge, puis décrit la mise en place du réseau paroissial, avant de considérer la formation du village médiéval, en distinguant plusieurs types : le village ecclésial (Xe-XIe s. ), les bourgs castraux (fin XIe-debut XIIe s. ), les sauvetés (milieu XIe-1130), enfin les nombreux villages castraux qui se multiplient entre 1130 et 1200. Les bastides du XIIIe siècle terminent le processus de fondation de villages. L'étude porte également sur l'évolution des cadres territoriaux, la place des patrimoines monastiques et la formation des seigneuries castrales. Enfin, les crises des XIVe-XVIe s. Sont évoquées, à travers les fortifications, déplacements et abandons de sites villageois qu'elles entraînent
This work is composed of an approach, as diversified as possible (archives, ancient and modern maps and plans, microtoponymy, archaeology, soil prospecting and aerial survey. . . ) of Lauragais, wich is a Languedocian region, situated on eastern part of diocese and county of Toulouse. The studied area includes 75 communes in the department of Aude, covering 880 km2. The object of this study is to examine the evolution of settlement in its environment, during a large period (5th. To 17th. Century), in order to determine the whole of phenomenons of founding, changing of site or desertion of medieval villages. After introducing the methodology, the thesis develops communal monographs in geographical order, then a chronological synthesis. Monographs present the whole of available documentation about every built-up area or recorded site: historical record, topography, constitution of territory, and seigniorial lineage. In this part, late middle age and recent periods, richer in sources, are better represented. The synthesis develops early periods. The author is considering a permanence of antics domains during the early Middle age, then he is discribing the genesis of parochial network, before considering the differents types of medieval villages: ecclesial villages (10th. -Llth. C. ), castral borough (llth. -beginning of 12th. C. ), sauvetes (mid llth. -1130), finally many castral villages which multiply from 1130 to 1200. At the 13th. C. The bastides end the process of villages founding. The study is also about evolution of territorial limits, the place of monastic patrimonies and the formation of castral seigniories. In conclusion, the 14th. -16th. C. Crisis are evoked through fortified, changing and deserted village's sites which they bring about

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Bochew, Sandrine. "La relance d'une fête traditionnelle et ses enjeux : étude des kurban dans un village bulgare." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0196.

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Cette recherche, menée dans un village bulgare, analyse l'organisation et la célébration de treize fêtes célébrées en différents lieux votifs - les kurban (sacrifice). Le but est de comprendre comment, après un changement politique, des acteurs se mobilisent pour célébrer leurs traditions, puis d'identifier ceux qui participent à la production de la tradition festive. L'approche se déploie du global au local et selon une perspective diachronique. Après avoir constaté la venue de nouveaux responsables au sein de l'organisation festive, l'analyse met en évidence le poids du statut social et culturel de l'individu pour être reconnu comme garant de la tradition locale, et le développement d'un intérêt pour le patrimoine votif comme point d'ancrage pour la population. L'importance que revêt le lieu de culte au sein de la fête pourrait être le signe d'une patrimonialisation du kurban, qui participerait à la surenchère et à l'exacerbation des relations existant entre les organisateurs
This research, carried out in a Bulgarian villa, analyses the organisation and the celebration of thirteen festivals in various vitive places - the kurbans (sacrifice). The aim is to understand how, after political changes, the social actors gather to celebrate their traditions, and to identity those who take part in the production of the festive tradition. The approach is developed from a global to a local point of view in a diachronic perspective. After having studied the participation of new organisers within festivals, the analysis underlines the weight of the social and cultural status as key element for the people to be recognised as guadians of the local tradition, and the development of an interest for the votive patrimony as an anchorage point for the population. The importance of the votive place in the festival is probably the sign of a patrimonialisation of the kurban, which takes part in the outbid and the exacerbation of the existing relations between the organisers

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Abi, Antoun Elie. "Étude éthnoarchéologique sur l'agriculture traditionnelle et ses techniques dans le village 'Araya dans le Mont Liban." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H001.

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Cette thèse traite le thème de l’agriculture traditionnelle et ses techniques dans le cadre socio-culturel de ‘Araya, village du Mont Liban, situé à 10 km environ à l’est de Beyrouth. Le sujet, d’orientation ethnoarchéologique, basé sur l’enquête orale, est abordé d’une manière rétrospective ; il s’agit de reconstruire le modèle actuel de l’agriculture afin d’interpréter des phénomènes agricoles passés. Le texte aborde en premier lieu les types de culture divisés en cultures sèches et irriguées ainsi que les travaux nécessaires liés à leur croissance, comme l’essartage, l’épierrement, la fertilisation, etc. ; de même, le texte décrit les activités agro-industrielles, comme la transformation du blé en farine, la fabrication de la mélasse et l’extraction de l’huile d’olive... Les terrasses constituent l’un des points essentiels traités ; elles sont composées d’une plateforme soutenue par un mur de soutènement en pierre assemblé à sec. Avec des outillages rudimentaires, le paysan de la montagne a pu transformer des terrains pentus et incultes en jardins verdoyants. Parmi les activités agricoles étudiées, l’irrigation occupe une place privilégiée. Elle est pratiquée durant la saison sèche qui s’étend entre les mois d’avril et de septembre. Les installations d’irrigation sont des captages constitués de galeries souterraines qui déversent l’eau d’une nappe dans un bassin. L’eau emmagasinée est ensuite partagée entre les propriétaires. La dernière rubrique concerne les outillages agricoles classés, selon leurs fonctions, en outils de coupe, du travail de la terre, de cueillette, de dépiquage, de vannage et d’attelage. Certains remontent à la haute antiquité ; d’autre, beaucoup plus récents, datent du XIXe s.
The traditional agriculture in the village of 'Araya is the subject treated. It is an ethnoarchaeological approach dealt in a retrospective method. It aims at reconstructing the agriculture model in order to develop an accurate interpretation of the ancient agricultural process. At the start, the farming metho divided into two types, namely dry and irrigated, are studied followed by the activities needed in the growing process such as clearing, soil treatment and fertilization, etc. Otheragricultural processes are concerned such as the transformation of wheat into flour. The farming methods on terraces, which are platforms sustained by dried up walls; the transformations of ga rdens into fields with the use of rudimentary tools;the irrigation during two seasons, spring and summer, which consists of trapping the water in basins in underground galleries, are developed. Finally, the tools are classified according to their functions such as cutting, picking, trimming. Some of them go back to Antiquity other originated in the nineteenth century

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Neira, Lúcar Cynthia Milagros. "La comunicación para el cambio en los procesos de desarrollo social y comunitario promovidos por Aldeas Infantiles SOS Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/7289.

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Describe la experiencia de la autora como facilitadora entre los años 2007, 2008 y 2009 en el Programa de Prevención del Abandono Infantil: Fortalecimiento Familiar y Desarrollo Comunitario de Aldeas Infantiles SOS Perú, y cómo desde esta labor, la comunicación se convirtió en una estrategia de desarrollo y para el cambio social que contribuyó a que las mujeres integrantes de las juntas directivas de los comités familiares fortalecieran sus capacidades y se involucraran en los procesos de toma de decisiones de su comunidad. Esta sistematización se ha basado en el análisis de la información recogida a través de técnicas cualitativas como las siguientes: grupo focal y entrevistas semiestructuradas a integrantes de las juntas directivas de los comités familiares del Programa de Fortalecimiento Familiar y Desarrollo Comunitario, y entrevistas semiestructuradas a miembros del equipo profesional del programa de Aldeas Infantiles SOS; asimismo se realizó revisión y análisis documentario respectivo. En conclusión, la comunicación para el cambio social como estrategia transversal en la labor del facilitador permitió que las mujeres miembros de las juntas directivas de los comités familiares mejoraran sus habilidades de comunicación, negociación, diálogo, toma de decisiones, liderazgo, entre otros; y además, promovió el ejercicio de la participación en espacios de toma de decisiones de su distrito.
Trabajo de suficiencia profesional

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Lingane, Zakaria. "Sites d'anciens villages et organisation de l'espace dans le Yatenga (Nord-Ouest du Burkina Faso)." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010522.

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La région du Yatenga, située dans le haut bassin de la Nakanbé (ex-volta blanche) au nord-ouest du Burkina Faso, est riche en sites archéologiques, témoins d'une importante civilisation villageoise stable sur plus de trois siècles. Les marques des peuplements anciens, qui se retrouvent dans tout l'espace régional du nord du Burkina, sont matérialisées par des groupements de buttes anthropiques en association avec des sols dénudés avec ou sans vestiges, des cimetières à jarres funéraires, des parcs à acacia albida, des ouvrages hydrauliques, des structures agraires, des témoins d'activités artisanales notamment céramique et métallurgique. La distribution des sites dans le modèle laisse apparaitre un schéma d'installation préférentielle dans les positions les plus favorables à une vie agricole sédentaire. Les enquêtes sur l’attribution culturelle ou ethnique des sites et des vestiges archéologiques issues des traditions historiques élaborées par les Kurumba et les Moose établissent souvent une relation entre les Kibse, dont les descendants seraient les Dogon de Bandiagara au Mali et les sites. Il faut insister sur la complexité de l'histoire du peuplement de cette région de la bouche du Niger. Une interprétation systématique de l'ensemble des données historiques et archéologiques rend partielle cette attribution des sites aux Kibsé-Dogon en raison des "empilements successifs" de strates de peuplements antérieurs à la conquête des Moose. Les matériaux présentés ici visent à déterminer la validité des inférences que l'on peut tirer de l'archéologie, des sources écrites, des traditions orales, de l'écologie pour élaborer une synthèse des occupations humaines dans le Yatenga et leurs conséquences sur l'environnement
The Yatenga region, located north-west of Burkina Faso alongside the Nakanbe river (former white volta river), is rich in archeological sites which are the evidence of former deserted villages with relativity dense seedlings. Traces of ancient populating which can be found in all the northern region of Burkina are materialised by anthropical knolls grouping associated with bare lands with or without traces, cemeteries covered with funeral large eathenware pots, acacia albida tree-parcs, agrarian structures, hydraulics works and traces of artcraft activities, particularly ceramic and metal work activities. The distribution of the sites in the mandscape shows a preference for settling areas with poliorcetic advantages and with a wide accessibility to ressources, necessary to a sedentary farming life. Enquiries on the cultural and ethnical attribution of the sites, the archeological relics through historical traditions of the Kurumbas and of the moose often let appear a relation with the Kibse whose descendants are said to be the present time Dogon of Bandiagara in Mali and the sites. The complexity of the populating process of this region of the Niger river sweep is to be emphasized. A systematical interpretation of the whole of the historical and archeological data makes partial this attribution of the sites to the Kibsedogon tribes, because of the "successive piling up" of population strate prior to the moose conquest, belonging to various stocks. This work is exemplary because it poses. .

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Valentin, Thierry. "L'Amazonie métisse : narrations et définitions des figures de soi et d'autrui au sein de villages ruraux du Nord du Brésil - Etat du Para." Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2001/valentin_t.

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Cette étude ethnographique aborde la question des définitions de soi et d'autrui au sein de villages ruraux en Amazonie brésilienne (Etat du Pará). La population du terrain choisi est communément définie comme "Cabocla", catégorie complexe censée désigner la paysannerie métisse s'étant formée dans un creuset colonial puis néo-colonial. Une introduction critique, s'appuyant sur de précédents travaux historiques et anthropologiques, détaillera toute la polysémie d'un terme finissant par apparaître comme instrument d'une désignation exogène ambigue͏̈ plus que comme auto définition positive. Il s'agira alors de comprendre la tension entre une identité imposée, absente des discours explicites sur soi, et la nécessaire expression interne d'une culture spécifique, malgré tout perceptible au sein des villages étudiés. Partant de l'intense activité narrative localement rencontrée, nous essayerons de dégager plusieurs personnifications de l'altérité telles que racontées et interprétées dans des récits qui, événementiels et directement liés à la vie concrète des locuteurs, apparaîtront comme possibles énonciations de soi dans un détour par l'autre. Huit figures seront alors restituées et interrogées : celles des êtres enchantés, des soigneurs, des bêtes monstres, des sorciers, des revenants, des criminels, des étrangers et des saints. Toutes apparaîtront comme relevant d'une identification essentielle problématique, semblant répéter métaphoriquement et pratiquement celle des prétendus "Caboclos". Les récits permettront ainsi de reconnaître la constitution discrète de figures d'autres soi-même, d'alter ego. En conclusion, sera interrogée la dynamique particulière rendant possible, et cohérente, une telle réunion paradoxale de contraires: genre fictionnel, le merveilleux sera introduit comme débordant pourtant de la seule activité narrative et permettant à l'anthropologie de signifier l'expérience concrète d'une culture métisse à la fois dans et hors de la société brésilienne
This work treats about Brazilian Amazonian mixed people, not as mixed-blood by culturally mixed from several historical roots. As an hybrid culture, "Caboclo" people, as they are named in the Amazonian flood plain, create their own representation about themselves and the others, in through narrative images. The "Coboclo" narratives, as a symbolical work of the culture, is a daily and day full activity, and seems to be a real conceptual, but also practical, way to be able to self explain and maintain a problematic "way of life", a "Coboclo"-ness. The field work has been done in several villages of the Pará State, Northern Brazil

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Gu, Yanfeng. "Land reform in a North Zhejiang village : the role of "exploitation" in class determination and land redistribution /." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?SOSC%202009%20GU.

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Hautefeuille, Florent. "Structures de l'habitat rural et territoires paroissiaux en bas-Quercy et haut-Toulousain du VIIème au XIVème siècle." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20013.

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Cette thèse a consisté à étudier un secteur géographique précis, limité à un polygone irrégulier de 1550 km2, à cheval sur les départements du Lot et du Tarn-et-Garonne. La recherche a été menée selon plusieurs axes. Le premier problème évoqué est celui de la définition de la paroisse, en particulier avant que le terme de "parrochia" n'apparaisse dans les actes de la pratique. Une définition territoriale de la paroisse semble s'imposer. En effet, cette notion de territoire attaché à l'église n'apparaît pas avant le Xème voire le XIème siècle. On constate cependant une très forte densité de lieux de culte en Bas-Quercy dès la fin du VIIème siècle, pour la plupart liés à des villae. Ce système se maintient jusqu'aux années 950 puis on observe un basculement vers de nouvelles formes de peuplement. On peut citer l'habitat dispersé, mas, cammas ou cazal qui paraissent avoir constitué l'échelon de base dans l'organisation sociale et dans le mode de perception des taxes foncières et banales. Mais si la généralisation du système des mas semble précoce, le regroupement de l'habitat en villages fut en revanche tardif et partiel. Deux grandes phases se dessinent. De 1050 à 1130-1140, les villages ne regroupent qu'un nombre très limité de maisons. L'église, en dehors des abords immédiats de la cité épiscopale, a joué un rôle secondaire. C'est le château, sous des formes variées, qui constitue le pôle d'attraction de l'habitat. Apres 1130-1140, c'est désormais le commerce qui constitue le principal moteur des fondations de bourgs, que ce soient les villes neuves du XIIème siècle, comme Montauban, Castelsarrasin ou Montech, ou les bastides et castra embastidés des années 1230-1320, comme Montpezat ou Castelnau-Montratier. Le dernier chapitre est consacré à l'étude de la formation du réseau paroissial territorialisé. Celle-ci ne débute qu'au Xème siècle avec l'apparition de l'arum, subdivision de la vicaria, et s'achève au cours du XIIIème siècle. Ce phénomène, bien que contemporain, paraît indépendant de celui de la formation des villages
This thesis consists in studying a definite geographical area (1550 km2) in the departments of Lot and Tarn-et-Garonne. The research has been carried out into several subjects. The first one was the problem of the definition of a parish, especially before the term "parrochia" appears in the texts. A definition of the parish as a territorial entity seems to be the best. Indeed, the notion of territory attached to the church doesn't appear before the 10th or the 11th century. We notice a high density of churches in the South of the Quercy as early as the end of the 7th century. They were nearly all villa's annexes. This sketch has persisted until the 950's. After that there appears to be a revolution followed by the apparition of new types of settlements. The first one is the scattered settlement, "mas", "cammas", "casals" which seems to have been the basis of the social organization and of the assessment of the taxes. If the generalization of the "mas" seems to have taken place early, the settlement of population grouped in villages has been late and partial. We have defined two phases. From 1050 to 1130-1140 the villages are composed of very few houses. The church, except near the bishop's town, is not the principal reason for grouping. On the contrary the castle, with various situations, acted as center of attraction for settling down. After 1130-1140, the trade becomes the mainspring of village's foundations, like Montauban, Montech, Castelsarrasin in the 12th century, or the "bastides" and "castra embastidés" like Realville, Castelnau-Montratier or Montpezat between 1230 and 1320. The last chapter deals with the formation of the territorializated parochial system. It begins to appear in the 10th century, with the "arum" which is a vicaria's subdivision. In the 13th century the system is generalized. This process, although it takes place at the same time, seems to be separate from the village's genesis

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Velková, Soňa. "Formy péče o nezaopatřené děti." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233223.

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This paper deals with forms of compensatory care of unprovided children, taking in consideration their specific needs from the architecture-type point of view. The target group is that of big foster families, evaluation of their life requirements and defining their requirements of the living space, preparing the ground for legislative introduction of professional foster care.

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Bui, Thi Hieu. "Pour un développement respectueux de la ville de Hué et de ses environs : respecter les valeurs caractéristiques des villages traditionnels dans le bassin de la rivière des Parfums." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH024/document.

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Ce travail de recherche se concentre sur les questions du développement respectueux de la ville de Hué et de ses environs, en accordant une importance spécifique à la conservation et la mise en valeur des qualités faisant la particularité de cette ville et des villages avoisinants. La recherche est construite dans le contexte où le processus d'urbanisation et la prolifération des nouvelles zones urbaines et des nouveaux quartiers résidentiels ont entraîné de nombreuses menaces et dangers pour cette ville et ont engendré la perte des valeurs caractéristiques de ce territoire. Les hypothèses de la recherche abordent les relations entre la conservation, la mise en valeur et la gestion durable du patrimoine, du système de l'eau et des valeurs caractéristiques des villages d'ores et déjà inscrits dans le développement environnemental, économique, socioculturel de ce territoire. Les corpus principaux utilisés dans cette thèse, sont des données de cartographique GIS Hué 2010 et des cartes anciennes traitées par la l'analyse cartographique et l'analyse comparative des documents, des ouvrages historiques concernant la ville de Hué et des villages d'étude, ainsi que des entretiens, des questionnaires d'enquête, des relevés photographiques récoltés lors de nos séjours d'étude de terrain à Hué. Grâce à la méthodologie d'analyse, surtout l'analyse cartographique et la méthodologie d'enquête de terrain, nous pouvons définir des caractères spécifiques de ce territoire et démontrer des menaces et des dangers principaux pour cette ville et ses environs face aux processus d'urbanisation. Dans la recherche, nous avons également l'ambition de proposer ce qu'il faudrait mettre en œuvre pour un développement respectueux de l'environnement écologique, de la qualité de vie et du bien-être des habitants, des potentiels de l'économie locale, et de même que des valeurs caractéristiques de la ville de Hué et des villages avoisinants
This research focuses on the issues of the respectful development of Hue City and its surroundings, with a specific emphasis on the conservation and the regeneration of qualities, which constitute the peculiarity of this city and surrounding villages. The research is built in the context where the urbanization and the proliferation of new urban areas and new residential neighborhoods led to numerous threats and hazards to the city and resulted in the loss of characteristic values of this area. The hypotheses of the research concern the relationship between conservation, regeneration and sustainable management of heritage, water system and characteristics values of the traditional villages with the environmental development, the economic development, the social and cultural development of this territory. The main corpus used in this thesis is the data mapping GIS 2010 Hue and the ancient maps , these documents, historical works for Hue city and study villages, and interviews, survey questionnaires, photographic records collected during our field survey in Hue. Thanks to the analytical methodology, especially the cartographic analysis and the onsite survey methodology, we can define the specific characteristics of this area and demonstrate the main threats and hazards to the city and the surroundings caused by the urbanization. In this research, we also aim at offering what to do in order to reach a friendly development of the ecological environment, the quality of life and the comfort of local citizens, the potential of the local economy as well as the characteristic values of Hue City and surrounding villages

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Schneider, Laurent. "Monastères, villages et peuplement en Languedoc central : les exemples d'Aniane et de Gellone (VIIIe-XIIe siècle)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10060.

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Etude historique et archeologique de deux domaines monastiques languedociens l'une des originalites de ce travail est la mise en evidence du role des monasteres dans les etapes qui marquent la structuration villageoise regionale. A partir du douzieme siecle, face aux castra laics, les monasteres d'aniane et de gellone ont eux-aussi favorise le regroupement des hommes en dotant leurs principaux prieures d'une enceinte collective. La densite de ces villages denommes forcia ou claustra dans les textes augmente dans les zones proches de chaque monastere, ou s'etait peu a peu concentre l'essentiel des moyens de production et aux marges desquelles s'etait aussi accumulee une epargne paysanne. L'histoire de ces deux domaines monastiques invite a nuancer l'impact de l'incastellamento dans la naissance du village languedocien, comme ses capacites a restructurer terroirs et habitat. Phenomene contraste, l'incastellamento languedocien a connu des intensites inegales et reste plutot caracteristique des peripheries urbaines et du secteur littoral
Historical and archeological studies of two languedocien monastic domains, the aim of this work is to highlight the monastery importance during village evolution in this region. Since century twelfth, like lay castra, aniane's and gellone's monasteries permitted people to gather when getting their principal prieuries witch rempart. The number of villages, which are called forcia or claustra, increased near each monastery where production means have been concentrated. Paysans saving begun to stuck up. The history of these two monastic domains can let us think that the incastellamento impact in languedocien village growing, and its ability to restructure soil and habitat, is not exclusive. Contrasted phenomenon, languedocien incastellamento was not of regular intensity. It is rather a characteristic of urban suburbs and littoral sector

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Hou, Renyou. "L’institution du mariage et ses transformations en Chine rurale contemporaine : une enquête ethnographique sur les activités matrimoniales dans un village du Henan." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF016.

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À partir d’une enquête ethnographique portant sur les continuités et les changements des pratiques matrimoniales au village de Zhang (province du Henan), cette thèse vise à identifier et à expliquer si les modifications des rites et des processus matrimoniaux observés sont les témoins d’une transformation structurelle de l’institution du mariage en Chine rurale contemporaine. En étudiant les activités matrimoniales étape par étape, elle démontre que la valeur de la perpétuation du lignage patrilinéaire en tant que valeur transcendante englobant tous types de relations familiales demeure une réalité intangible. Même si de nombreux changements sont constatés dans le domaine de la vie privée depuis l’arrivée au pouvoir du Parti Communiste Chinois en 1949, ces changements concernent avant tout les manières dont les membres de la famille entretiennent et maintiennent les liens qui les unissent les uns avec les autres, mais ne remettent guère en question l’institution du mariage elle-même ni sa vocation principale, celle de la perpétuation du lignage patrilinéaire. Contrairement à la théorie de l’individualisation de la société chinoise proposée par l’anthropologue sino-américain YAN Yunxiang 阎云翔, les analyses fournies dans cette thèse soutiennent l’idée que les changements observés s’inscrivent dans un niveau secondaire et s’opèrent à l’intérieur d’une structure pérenne, soit un « changement dans la société » au lieu d’un « changement de la société »
Based on an ethnographic study of matrimonial activities at Zhang Village (Henan province), this dissertation aims to identify continuities and changes in matrimonial rituals and procedures and explain whether observed changes speak of a structural transformation of the institution of marriage in contemporary rural China. By studying the matrimonial activities step by step, it demonstrates that perpetuation of the patrilineal lineage remains a transcendent value encompassing all types of family relationships. Although there have been many changes in private life since the Chinese Communist Party’s rise to power in 1949, these changes primarily concern the ways in which family members maintain bonds with each other, whereas, the institution of marriage itself, and its principal vocation, that of perpetuating the patrilineal lineage, are hardly called into question. Thus, against the thesis of the individualization of Chinese society suggested by the Sino-American anthropologist YAN Yunxiang, the analyses provided in this dissertation put forward the idea that observed changes take place within a perennial structure vis-à-vis what they are secondary. In other words, it is a "change in society" instead of a "change of society"

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Elosua, Lopez Miguel Angel. "Un régime de propriété aux caractéristiques chinoises : droit foncier du sol collectif et urbanisation." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH198.

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En Chine, le droit foncier a toujours été une préoccupation centrale pour le Parti Communiste Chinois (PCC) depuis son arrivée au pouvoir. Le système de droit foncier du sol collectif a été modifié à plusieurs reprises depuis l’arrivée du PCC au pouvoir en 1949. Les zones rurales ont bénéficié d’une haute croissance économique pendant une courte période de libéralisation du marché foncier rural. Mais depuis la fin des années 1980, et en particulier les années 1990 avec l’interdiction des cessions du sol rural et l’accélération de l’urbanisation, ce système a coexisté avec celui du sol urbain où le sol a progressivement été libéré. Dans les zones urbaines, le marché immobilier florissant a grandement contribué à la solidité de l’économie et le bien-être des résidents urbains. Cela a donc mené à une coexistence beaucoup moins pacifique des deux systèmes de propriété diamétralement opposés: un système de propriété du sol collectif avec des caractéristiques socialistes et un système de marché quasiment libre où le sol peut être transféré, mis en location, utilisé comme garantie, et dont la valeur inhérente peut être exploitée. Derrière les politiques du PCC sur le droit de propriété du sol rural se trouve l’idéal de la "prospérité commune". Néanmoins, après plus de trente années de développement économique rapide, une caractéristique essentielle de la Chine rurale a été la pauvreté commune de la classe paysanne dans son ensemble. L’écart économique entre le rural et l’urbain n’a pas cessé d’accroître. Nous soutenons qu’une des principales causes de cet écart urbain-rural repose dans le système dual du droit foncier, qui a prouvé être défectueux puisque les paysans ont été privés de l’exploitation de la valeur de leur actif le plus précieux: le sol. Ceci est illustré à travers l’analyse de l’émergence des phénomènes liés à la promotion immobilière, tel que les logements informels et les villages urbains, qui ont démontré le manque d’adaptation du régime de la propriété foncière aux nouvelles circonstances socioéconomiques prévalant aujourd’hui en Chine. Pour en arriver à ces affirmations, nous réalisons une analyse historique de la formation du système dual des droits de la propriété foncière depuis l’arrivée au pouvoir du PCC. De même, nous identifions les défauts principaux du système de droit de propriété dual et les mettons en relation avec l’"État des lois" chinois dans lequel le droit foncier est mis en place. Enfin, afin d’illustrer notre hypothèse, nous développons deux études de cas menées dans la municipalité de Chongqing. Ainsi, nous défendons la nécessité de réformer le système de propriété dual, et plus spécifiquement, le droit de propriété du sol collectif pour la construction. Cette réforme devrait autoriser les collectivités à exercer pleinement leurs droits sur la propriété. L’auteur se sert de la perspective comparative en empruntant aux systèmes de droits fonciers de l’Union Européenne certains aspects qui pourraient être utilisés par les législateurs chinois comme référence pour une éventuelle réforme
In China, land rights have always been a central concern for the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) since it came to power. The system of collective land property rights has undergone multiple changes since the arrival of the CCP to power. During the first few years after the economic opening the liberalisation of the rural land market brought about high rates of economic growth to the Chinese countryside. However, since the end of the 1980, and especially since the 1990 with the ban on the transfer of rural land and the increase of the speed of urbanisation, it has coexisted with an urban land rights system where land has been progressively liberalised. In urban areas there is a thriving market in real estate that has contributed greatly to the robustness of the economy and the welfare of urban residents. This has thus led to the increasingly less peaceful coexistence of two diametrically opposed systems of property: a system of collective ownership with socialist characteristics and a quasi free-market system where land can be transferred, leased, or used as collateral, exploiting its inherent value.Behind the rural land policy of the CCP is the ideal of common prosperity. However, after more than thirty years of rapid economic development, a salient feature of China’s rural areas has been the common poverty of the farmer class as a whole. The economic gap between the rural and the urban has not ceased to increase. The author argues that one of the main causes of this urban-rural gap lies in the dual system of land property rights, which has proved to be flawed, as farmers have been deprived from exploiting the value of their most precious asset: land. This is illustrated through the analysis of the emergence of new phenomena linked to land development, such as minor property rights and urban villages, which show the lack of adaptation of the land property regime to the new socioeconomic circumstances that prevail in China today.In order to test his assertions the author makes an historical analysis of the formation of the dual system of land property rights since the arrival to power of the CCP. Likewise, the author identifies the main flaws of the dual property rights system and put them in relation with the existing rule by laws in China, which serves as its framework. Finally, in order to illustrate his hypothesis the author draws on two study cases carried out in the municipality of Chongqing.Therefore, the author advocates reforming the dual property system, and more specifically, land-use rights concerning rural construction land. The author uses a comparative perspective borrowing from European Union’s property rights systems as a reference, to devise certain aspects that could be used by Chinese law makers as a reference for an eventual reform

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Bou-Assy, Foumia. "Représentations sociales de l'endogamie et de ses conséquences biologiques sur la santé des descendants chez des fiancés endogames, cas de deux villages chiites à l'ouest de Baalbeck." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ65441.pdf.

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Marthot, Isabelle. "Un village égyptien et sa campagne : étude de la microtoponymie du territoire d'Aphroditê (VIe-VIIIe s.)." Paris, EPHE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EPHE4027.

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Le village antique d’Aphroditê, actuel Kūm Išqāw (Égypte), a livré un millier de papyrus datés entre le VIe s. Et le début du VIIIe s. Cette documentation exceptionnelle offre l’opportunité rare d’étudier la microtoponymie d’un village et de sa campagne, c’est-à-dire la manière de nommer les divisions du territoire en-deçà du niveau du village. Les microtoponymes ont été recensés dans un catalogue qui compte près de 650 fiches rassemblant les diverses informations disponibles sur chacun d’eux (attestations, variantes graphiques, localisation, contenu, propriétaires, locataires et étymologie). La synthèse, après avoir rappelé les quelques données sur Aphroditê avant le VIe s. , est centrée sur l’organisation du village lui-même et de sa campagne à l’époque byzantine, avec l’étude des différentes « désignations toponymiques » renvoyant aux catégories de lieux susceptibles ou non de recevoir un nom. La structure hiérarchique des composantes de la campagne a pu être dégagée, et le rôle de l’irrigation comme critère discriminant s’est imposé. Vingt schémas illustrent le contenu et la disposition des propriétés les mieux documentées. Les sources du VIIIe s. Ne comptent pas des textes de même nature que ceux du VIe s. Mais ont pourtant permis de souligner de profonds changements dans l’organisation territoriale du village au début de la période omeyyade
In the ancient village of Aphrodito, modern Kūm Išqāw (Egypt), approximately a thousand papyri were found that date from the 6th to the beginning of the 8th century. This exceptional documentation offers the rare opportunity to study the microtoponymy of a village and its countryside, i. E. How territorial divisions below the village level are named. Microtoponyms were collected in a catalogue, which comprises around 650 files containing all the available information for each (attestations, variant spellings, location, contents, owners, tenants, etymology). The analysis, after a summation of the data relating to Aphrodito before the 6th century, focuses on the organization of the village itself and its countryside during the Byzantine period, with the study of the different “toponymic designations” that refer to categories of places to which proper names are or are not given. The hierarchical structure of the components of the countryside is presented, as well as the role of irrigation as a distinguishing criterion. Twenty schemas illustrate the content and situation of the best-documented properties. The 8th century sources are texts of different types to those of the 6th century, but they show deep changes in the territorial organization of the village at the beginning of the Omayyad period

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Ndao, Ibou. "Articulation entre terroirs villageois et collectivités locales dans le processus de la décentralisation : pratiques de gestion, logiques d'usage et représentation du territoire : cas de la communauté rurale de Ross Béthio au Sénégal." Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20004.

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La décentralisation en milieu rural sénégalais a suivi un long processus. Depuis 1972, les pouvoirs publics ont toujours affiché une réelle volonté de promotion de la participation locale par le biais de plusieurs réformes visant l'organisation et le fonctionnement des collectivités locales. Ces réformes vont consacrer la responsabilisation des acteurs locaux dans la gestion des ressources collectives et du développement local. Cette décentralisation survient dans un contexte de désengagement de l'Etat qui transfère aux collectivités locales plus de compétences que de moyens. Ainsi le rôle du conseil rural, instance de décision élue au sein de la communauté rurale était d'harmoniser le développement au niveau du territoire communal. Il doit articuler d'une manière cohérente les pratiques et logiques d'action de l'ensemble des terroirs villageois pour asseoir une gestion commune de l'espace dans le but d'une meilleure intégration des différentes activités sur l'ensemble de la collectivité. L'intérêt de cette recherche est de rendre compte des différentes stratégies des groupes socioprofessionnels autour du pouvoir transféré pour la gestion des ressources. Ces stratégies qui sont à l'origine de divers conflits entre les acteurs, notamment entre les paysans et les éleveurs ont permis d'instaurer un processus de négociation pour trouver un compromis permettant une gestion commune de l'espace de la collectivité et de ses ressources. Ce compromis signifie au niveau de la communauté rurale de Ross Béthio la mise en place d'un Plan d'Occupation et d'Affectation des Sols
Decentralization in rural Senegalese medium has followed a long process. Since 1972, the authorities always have posted a real will of promotion of the local participation by the means of several reforms aiming the local organization and the operation of the communities. These reforms will devote the responsabilisation of the local actors in a collective development of resources and stock management. These decentralization occurs in a context of disengagement of the State which transfers to the local communities more competences than means. Thus the rural role of the council, authority of decision elected within the rural community was to harmonize the development on the communal level of the territory. It must articulate in a coherent way the practices and logics of action of the whole of the village soils to sit as a common management space with the aim of a better integration in the various activities one the whole of the community. The interest of this research is to account for the various strategies of the socio-professional groups around the capacity transferred for the stock management. These strategies which are the cause of various conflicts between the actors, in particular between the peasants and the stockbreeders, made it possible to found a process of negotiation to find a compromised allowing a common management of the space of the community and its resources. This compromised means at the rural Community level of Ross Béthio, the installation of a Plan of Occupation and Assignment of the Grounds

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Rivoal, Marion. "La vie rurale en Syrie centrale à la période protobyzantine (IVe-VIIe siècle)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20011.

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La Syrie centrale connaît au début de la période byzantine, et en particulier au Ve et au VIe siècle, un fort mouvement d’expansion des sédentaires vers l’est, qui coïncide avec une importante mise en valeur de ces nouveaux territoires. Comme pour d’autres régions de Syrie et du Proche-Orient à la même époque, un optimum climatique – pourtant déclinant – semble avoir permis la conquête et l’exploitation agricole de nouveaux terroirs dans une zone marginale qui n’avait jusqu’alors connu qu’une occupation sédentaire ponctuelle. La Syrie centrale est caractérisée par des milieux aux potentiels agronomiques très différents, souvent imbriqués. Le peuplement et la mise en valeur y sont soumis à la double contrainte de l’aridité climatique et édaphique, qui s’exerce avec une prégnance croissante vers le sud et l’est. Ces conditions, qui s’améliorent localement à la faveur de niches écologiques, ont permis à des politiques de mise en valeur et à des économies distinctes, souvent complémentaires, de voir le jour.Dans une région où les cités paraissent en grande partie absentes, l’économie repose d’abord sur les villages et sur quelques bourgs qui possédaient manifestement une orientation commerciale spécifique. Aux côtés des agglomérations, et souvent d’autant plus nombreux que les conditions d’implantation sont délicates, des fermes et des monastères s’affirment comme des acteurs économiques apparemment indépendants et souvent prospères. Des entités géographiques relativement homogènes ont donné lieu à une répartition des différentes formes de peuplement et à des économies microrégionales spécifiques. Si l’agriculture vivrière reste la règle, il semble bien cependant qu’on observe une spécialisation locale des productions : culture du blé et accessoirement plantations à l’ouest, oléiculture et peut-être viticulture dans les plateaux basaltiques du nord-ouest et vraisemblablement un élevage spéculatif, qu’on doit probablement attribuer à des populations sédentaires, dans les secteurs sud et est
In Late Antiquity, especially between the 5th and 6th centuries, Central Syria witnessed a strong expansion of sedentary settlements eastward, which coincided with a significant agricultural development of these new territories. As for other areas in Syria and Near-East at the same period, a waning climatic optimum seems to have allowed byzantine population to settle down in marginal areas which barely experienced hitherto sedentary occupation and farm nearly unbroken lands.Central Syria is made up of various landscapes, sometimes deeply nested, with contrasted agricultural potential. Settlements and agricultural exploitation are affected by an increasingly significant climatic and edaphic aridity eastward and southward. These conditions, which may locally improve thanks to ecological niches, enabled specific and often complementary substance strategies to develop.In a country whence cities are virtually absent, villages and a few market towns seem to be at the very root of the regional economy. Along with agglomerations, scattered habitats – namely farmsteads and monasteries –, more numerous under heavy bioclimatic constraints, would appear as independent and apparently prosperous economic players.Homogeneous geographic areas led to specific settlement patterns and different economic orientations. Food-producing agriculture remains the rule, but a local productive specialization may be noticed: mainly wheat production and incidentally plantations westward, olive-growing and maybe wine-growing as well in the north-west basaltic plateaus and presumably speculative livestock exploitation eastward and southward, probably mostly due to sedentary populations

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Milleville, Annabelle. "« De la pierre à la meule » durant le Néolithique, circulation et gestion des matières premières entre Rhin et Rhône." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00281525.

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A partir des séries lacustres de Chalain/Clairvaux (Jura), Charavines « Les Baigneurs » (Isère) et Sutz-Lattrigen « Riedstation » (Suisse), la gestion de l'outillage lithique pondéreux est abordée, depuis l'approvisionnement en matière première jusqu'au rejet des outils. Le premier axe de recherche est chronologique et c'est dans la Combe d'Ain, en milieu calcaire, qu'il trouve son meilleur terrain d'application. Pour le matériel de mouture et de broyage, la gestion des matières premières est différente entre le Néolithique moyen et le Néolithique final, avec le choix de matériaux locaux d'une part, majoritairement exogènes d'autre part. Au Néolithique final, la gestion des matières premières diffère selon leur origine, une valeur plus importante est accordée aux matériaux siliceux, importés sur des distances de 50 km et plus ; l'évolution la plus nette est celle de la réorientation des réseaux d'approvisionnement, synchrone des changements culturels. Pour les polissoirs, les matières premières, majoritairement des grès fins, ne changent pas durant le Néolithique final, et certains gîtes sont déjà connus au Néolithique moyen ; la gestion des supports, à savoir une utilisation maximale des outils, est une constante entre 3200 et 2600 av. J.-C. à Chalain/Clairvaux. Le second axe de recherche est celui de la répartition spatiale des artefacts. Il semble que les moulins de type « va-et-vient » soient utilisés devant les habitations ou dans l'aire du pas-de-porte, avec une possible évolution de la localisation de l'activité de mouture, de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur de la maison, évolution symptomatique de la modification des fonctionnements sociaux au Néolithique final.

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Merot, Florent. "L'homme et son milieu en vallée de Montmorency sous l'Ancien Régime : un paysage original aux portes de Paris (vers 1640-vers 1800)." Paris 13, 2010. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2010_merot.pdf.

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Entre la décennie 1640 et l’extrême fin du XVIIIe siècle, la vallée de Montmorency constitue, grâce à son paysage, une région privilégiée pour observer les relations que les Hommes entretiennent avec leur milieu. A quelques lieues seulement au nord-ouest de Paris, la vallée subit irrémédiablement les influences d’une capitale dont la population ne cesse d’augmenter depuis le milieu du XVIIe siècle. Tout en se diversifiant, la demande accompagne les rythmes de la croissance démographique urbaine et ne manque pas d’imposer ses exigences aux campagnes proches dans lesquelles se fond le vallon. Toutefois, le processus de transformation du paysage y est beaucoup plus précoce que dans le reste de l’Ile-de-France : les habitants sont animés par la volonté de satisfaire les besoins de la capitale dès la seconde moitié des années 1650. Secondés par un dense réseau routier, les échanges économiques, sociaux et culturels entre la vallée, Paris et l’ensemble de l’Ile-de-France se multiplient. Le paysage agricole s’imprègne progressivement d’un complantage multidimensionnel, associant sur de minuscules parcelles vignes, arbres fruitiers, plantes légumineuses et fourragères, résultat d’une complémentarité pensée par la paysannerie marchande pour assouvir ses désirs de profit et les besoins de la capitale. L’organisation spatiale des espaces bâtis s’adapte aux nouvelles activités agricoles, l’exploitation des massifs forestiers évolue pour satisfaire les exigences matérielles de celles-ci. Admiré par des spectateurs de plus en plus nombreux, le paysage et sa beauté contribuent à l’installation des élites sociales et urbaines au cœur même des villages. Surgissent ainsi les maisons de plaisance, entourées de leurs parcs et jardins, classiques puis pittoresques, qui ne laissent aucune liberté à la nature. Conséquence de la capacité qu’ont les sociétés humaines à structurer leur espace de vie, le paysage de la vallée de Montmorency est une construction savante dotée d’une diversité qui recèle une remarquable cohésion d’ensemble et traduit l’habitude inaliénable qu’a l’Homme de construire son environnement à son image
Between the 1640s and the late eighteenth century, the landscape of the valley of Montmorency evolving under the impetus of a peasantry determined to meet the increasingly urgent and diversified Parisian demands. The capital, only a few kilometers, is easily reachable thanks to a dense road network, a vector of economic, social and cultural ties between the valley and the urban area. The agricultural landscape is enriched over the years to present a multidimensional character. Vines, fruit trees, forage and legumes rub on the plots, the exploitation of forests adapted to the new material needs, while social and urban elites, attracted by the beauty of the landscape, settled in mansions surrounded gardens. Consequence of the ability of human societies to organize their living space, this landscape is a clever construction with a diversity that conceals a remarkably cohesive whole and reflects the usual inalienable mankind has to build its environment to its image

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Clairat, Olivier. "L’état des lieux de l’éducation face à ses enjeux en Afrique subsaharienne : le cas du Sénégal et de deux situations éducatives : l’école primaire du village de Diawar et l’association A.U.P.E.J., Actions Utiles Pour l’Enfance et la Jeunesse de la ville de Tivaouane." La Rochelle, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LAROF012.

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Réaliser l’Education pour tous constitue depuis une quinzaine d’années une des priorités de la Communauté internationale et un enjeu majeur pour améliorer la situation sociale et économique des habitants de la planète. Pourtant, au moins cent millions d’enfants ne fréquentent toujours pas en 2005 une école primaire. L’Afrique subsaharienne est la région du globe où les taux de scolarisation sont les plus faibles, les abandons les plus nombreux, où les filles éprouvent le plus de difficultés à poursuivre leurs études. Le Sénégal ne fait pas exception dans ce tableau même s’il ne se situe pas tout en bas de l’échelle. De récents progrès laissent même penser qu’il commence à se distinguer en Afrique. Des enseignants, des éducateurs, des habitants d’un village et d’un quartier d’une ville moyenne ont depuis de nombreuses années décidé de prendre en main leur situation éducative. Il tentent de pallier les carences du système éducatif et d’offrir à leurs enfants une éducation de qualité. Leurs résultats sont assez surprenants, puisqu’ils sont parvenus, pour les uns à scolariser tous les enfants de leur village, pour les autres à développer de nombreuses alternatives à l’exclusion scolaire. Leurs pratiques éducatives ne se limitent pas à la pédagogie puisqu’elles ont également des conséquences sur la vie de leur village ou de leur quartier. La géographie s’est peu intéressée à l’éducation, et ce travail s’efforce d’apporter un point de vue géographique sur un aspect social majeur d’une société africaine contemporaine, celle du Sénégal
Achieving the Education for All has been, for about fifteen years, one of the priorities of the international community and a major issue to improve the social and economic situation of all the people living on this planet. Yet, at least one hundred million children do not attend a primary school in 2005. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region on the globe where the children education rates are the lowest, the number of giving-up the most important and where the girls have the greatest difficulties in continuing their studies. Senegal is no exception in this picture altough it is not right at the bottom of the scale. Recent progress even show that it starts to distinguish itself in Africa. For many years already, the teachers, youth workers and inhabitants of a village and of the district of a medium-size town have decide to take their educational situation in hand so as to offer their children an education of good quality. Their results are quite surprising since they have managed, for the former, to send every child of the village to school and for the latter, to develo numerous alternatives to school exclusion. Their educational experiences are not limited to teaching skills as they have an impact on life in their village and district. So far geography has not been much interested in education that’s why this work is triyng to give a geographical point of view upon a major social aspect of a contemporary African society : the Senegalese society

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Julien-Medeiros, Gwendolyn. "Developing a strategic approach to stakeholder engagement at SOS Children's Villages Canada." 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10170/717.

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The purpose of this research was to explore how a medium-sized, not-for-profit social services organization could strategically engage culturally diverse women in Canada between the ages of 30-50 in activities that would help to achieve the organization's strategic objectives. Research was related to determining the current state of engaging this population and the actions SOS could take to enhance engagement. Action research involved staff, volunteers, donors and representatives of other organizations. Research findings revealed a connection between engaging stakeholders and growing the organization, in particular engagement through dialogue on issues associated with orphaned and abandoned children using methods that address the diverse preferences of this population. Recommendations included targeting corporate marketing and communication efforts to create meaningful interactions, creating messages centred on issues, and developing organizational capacity to strategically plan and manage this kind of stakeholder engagement. This study was of minimal risk and adhered to RRU Ethical Guidelines.

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Helliker, K. D. "Dancing around the same spot? Land reform and NGOs in Zimbabwe-the case of SOS Children’s Villages." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/64718.

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This paper discusses the rural-based operations of an international NGO in Mashonaland Central province, Zimbabwe. The aim is to highlight the contingent variation of NGO practices within defined limits. It does this through ‘thick description’ of the NGO of focus, the SOS Children’s Village, and compares its ‘handling‘ of the transforming countryside with the response of two other NGOs. It concludes by suggesting some conceptual points in understanding organizational dispositions of NGOs.

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Helliker, Kirk David. "Dancing around the same spot? land reform and Ngos in Zimbabwe: the case of SOS Children’s Villages." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61006.

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This paper discusses the rural-based operations of an international NGO in Mashonaland Central province, Zimbabwe. The aim is to highlight the contingent variation of NGO practices within defined limits. It does this through 'thick description’ of the NGO of focus, the SOS Children’s Village, and compares its 'handling' of the transforming countryside with the response of two other NGOs. It concludes by suggesting some conceptual points in understanding organizational dispositions of NGOs.

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Fragoso, Marta Anula Diniz. "Uma educação de qualidade: o contexto das Aldeias Infantis SOS em Cabo Verde." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/17728.

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No âmbito da Agenda dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável estabelecidos pela ONU e mais especificamente no contexto do quarto objetivo – uma educação de qualidade –, a elaboração deste documento nasce da necessidade genuína de defender a educação como um dos mais poderosos mecanismos de que dispomos para enfrentar as várias problemáticas que obstaculizam e ameaçam o desenvolvimento social, económico e humano sustentável de tantas comunidades em todo o mundo, nomeadamente a exclusão, a desigualdade, as espirais de pobreza, a falta de informação e o desemprego. Neste sentido, aproveito para dar a conhecer o trabalho realizado pelas Aldeias Infantis SOS em Cabo Verde, divulgando o impacto positivo desta transparente organização sem fins lucrativos no contexto em que se apresenta. Num mundo que ainda está por construir, em que a distribuição inigualitária da riqueza, os conflitos armados e a desigualdade a vários níveis persistem, reside em cada um de nós a responsabilidade de garantir o acesso a uma educação de qualidade desde a primeira infância, fomentando deste modo que o complexo sistema de raízes que se desenvolvem nos primeiros anos de vida de cada criança seja o mais sólido possível. O futuro de cada um de nós e, por conseguinte, do planeta em que vivemos, certamente dependerá do contexto e das oportunidades que se nos apresentam nas primeiras etapas do nosso crescimento. A forma como tratamos as nossas crianças determinará a forma como estas tratarão o mundo.
Within the context of the UN Sustainable Development Goals agenda and specifically within the fourth objective – quality education –, the elaboration of this document stems from the genuine necessity to defend education as one of the most powerful mechanisms we have to deal with the various problems that hinder and threaten the social, economic and human sustainable development of so many communities around the world, such as exclusion, inequality, poverty spirals, lack of information and unemployment. In this sense, I would like to take this opportunity to reveal the efforts and work carried out by the SOS Children´s Villages in Cape Verde, exposing the positive impact of this transparent nonprofit organization in the context in which is presented. In a world that is yet to be built, endowed with an inequitable distribution of wealth, armed conflicts and inequity at various levels, each of us has the responsibility to ensure the access to a quality education from an early age, thus encouraging the complex root system that develops in the early years of life in each person to be as solid as possible. The future of each one of us, and therefore the future of the planet we inhabit, will certainly depend on the possibilities presented to us in the first stages of life. The way we treat our children determines the way they will treat the world.

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Modungwa, Nonceba Maithian. "The ace model for facilitation of mastery of SOS mother's autonomy through empowerment as part of promoting their mental health." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5826.

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D.Cur.
The occupation of the SOS mother, which involves long-term care for orphaned and abandoned children under the SOS Children's Villages organisation, is unique and peculiar in many respects. She is expected to play a dual role of being a foster parent and a childcare professional, at the same time. The latter presents challenges of its own because the professional status is only recognised internally by the organisation. In one way or another, most of the children for which the SOS mother is responsible, have been exposed to some form of trauma. The problems of caring and parenting such children are well documented in the literature. These include learning and behaviour problems. For this reason, the mental health of the SOS mother, who is the focus of this study, should be of special interest to mental health practitioner. The motivation for this study arises out of a change that the organisation is trying to enforce in the work of the SOS mother. This change comes with the release of the new quality standards to guide village work. One of these standards, the SOS mother's autonomy, requires the SOS mother, like any mother in the community to take full responsibility for her SOS family, including the development of the children under her care. When she needs help, she seeks expert advice from village co-workers and from the community. In addition, the career of the SOS mother has to be developed so that she functions like a childcare professional and that her training is recognised by the government and other training institutions. This represents a big change from how most SOS villages have been operating. Up to this point, village co-workers made important decisions about the SOS family and the children while the SOS mother did the caring part. The change is expected to affect the interactions between SOS mothers and their co-workers and consequently, their mental health. For this reason, it was felt that there was a need to facilitate the implementation of the SOS mother's autonomy standard, which would also promote the mental health of the SOS mothers. The purpose of this research was, therefore, to develop and describe a model that would serve as a framework for the advanced psychiatric nurse practitioner to promote the mental health of SOS mothers by facilitating the implementation of the SOS mother's autonomy within SOS Children's Villages of Southern Africa Region 11. The research also focused on developing guidelines for the implementation of the model in practice.

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Hlabangana, Vincent. "An evaluation of food parcel interventions by Societas Socialis (SOS) Children's Villages in the context of HIV and AIDS : a case study of Ennerdale informal settlement in Johannesburg, South Africa." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26848.

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This study investigated and evaluated the success and impact of the foodstuff package intervention that is offered by SOS Children’s Villages to households affected by HIV and AIDS. The study population comprised households who were involved in the food parcel distribution intervention, those affected by HIV and AIDS, those individuals who were able to talk freely about their lives as full participants and recipients of food parcels, and those aged 18 years and older. This study determined how food parcel intervention promotes self-sufficiency post-intervention. This was determined by interviewing recipients of food parcels from 2010 to 2018. The food parcel dissemination has been a core intervention to families affected by HIV and AIDS, but yielded very little progress towards assisting people to reach self-reliance. The aim of the study was to gain an understanding of the food parcel intervention using a qualitative research design. This study focused only on families affected by HIV and AIDS, including young people aged eighteen years and above. The study was based on a purposive sampling method with in-depth and focus group interviews as a means of collecting data. The results and implications of this study are discussed in depth in this research report. Essentially, the findings of this study could inform the development of policies and strategies to be considered for possible implementation by NGO’s and government in supporting family units affected by HIV and AIDS.
Sociology
M.A. (Social and Behavioural Studies in HIV and AIDS)

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Pereira, Bárbara Pascoal Faria Martins. "Crescer a brincar - educação não formal: construção da Casa das Brincadeiras." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/18575.

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Durante o estágio efetuado na instituição “Aldeia SOS em Gulpilhares”, senti a necessidade, conjuntamente com a equipa pedagógica (nomeadamente as mães sociais) de criar um espaço denominado “Crescer a Brincar – A Casa das Brincadeiras”. A minha intenção era criar um projeto/espaço para as crianças mais novas (até aos 12 anos) socializarem, florescerem em competências sociais e desenvolverem funções cognitivas. Os projetos nas casas de acolhimento devem incentivar uma relação saudável entre a sociedade e as crianças acolhidas, entre técnicos e utentes, devem ser práticos e motivadores, preparando-os para a autonomia e responsabilidade, e defender os direitos da criança, como o direito ao brincar e a expressarem-se livremente. A educação não formal neste contexto é um processo/mais-valia que deve ser organizado, sendo que os resultados deste tipo de aprendizagem não são avaliados formalmente. O profissional de educação, que trabalha em espaços não formais, deve estar ciente da importância de proporcionar à população conhecimentos que levem a uma melhoria da estrutura interior da criança, possibilitando-lhe qualidade de vida e autoestima, capacitando-a para atuar em diversos contextos sociais. Este projeto consiste em fazer uso de um espaço não formal e aberto a uma exploração sensorial motora/comunicativa e de estimulação aberta. Este possui uma vertente prática como conversas e diálogos com o co-orientador, a equipa e as mães sociais. Por fim, realiza-se uma reflexão sobre as atividades realizadas ao fim de semana e suas possíveis melhorias, baseada num modelo de estratégia e gestão, tanto associativo como individualizado.
During the internship done in “Aldeias SOS in Gulpilhares", I felt the need as well as institucional members (sos mother’s), to create a space wich I’ve designated “Crescer a Brincar – A Casa das Brincadeiras”. My idea was to create a space/project for younger children (up to 12 years old) in order to socialize, to flourish in social skills and cognitive functions. The project of familly hostes should encourage a healthy relationship between society and children, between technicians and users and be pratical and motivating, preparing them for autonomy, responsability and the defense of children´s rights, such as the right to play and to express themselves freely. Non-formal education in this context, is a process/value that must be organized, but whose learning out comes are not formally evaluated. The educational professional working in non-formal spaces must be aware of the importance of provinding knowledge that leads the population to an improvement, of the child´s interior strucutre, enabling quality of life and self-esteem and enabling them to work in diferent social contexts. This project consists of making use of a non-formal space and open to sensory exploration motor and communicative open stimulation. This having a practical side such as conversations and dialogues with the co-supervisor, team and social mothers. Finally, a reflection is made in what regards the activities performed at the weekend and its possible to make improvements, based on a model of strategy and management, both associative and individualized.

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TOMEŠKOVÁ, Renata. "PROBLEMATIKA SOS VESNIČEK SE ZVLÁŠTNÍM ZŘETELEM NA PSYCHOLOGICKÉ OTÁZKY." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-79893.

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The thesis deals with issues of SOS villages with a special focus on psychological problems. Its goal is to point out the psychological problems related to mental deprivation. The work is divided into the theoretical and the practical part. In the theoretical part, the activities of SOS villages are presented. Further explained is the notion of mental deprivation, its origin, historical development and examples, and it familiarizes with different kind of substitute family care. The practical part introduces a research by the method of questionnaire examination, which was conducted among foster mothers from the SOS village and retired foster mothers.

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Grosmanová, Jana. "Postavení profesionální pěstounky v SOS dětských vesničkách." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-312197.

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This dissertation deals with the position of foster-mother in SOS children's villages. The first part focuses on the legislative background of the operation of these facilities for foster care in the context of the development organization SOS Children's Villages in the Czech Republic and the international organization SOS Kinderdorf International. It discusses the problem of Czech SOS Children's Villages, when foster-mother is responsible for the child entrusted to foster care, which is the difference from the Czech villages than villages in the other countries. The second part analyzes the role of the SOS foster-mother. It offers a reflection on the meaning of the concept of the archetypal mother and changes of maternal role. The dissertation maps a question of motivation and readiness for fostering.Step by step are described SOS foster-mothers's career stages and are development cycles of SOS families. The work deals with the controversial topic, such as support for an SOS foster-mother. It introduces the concept of an integrated following educational community youth, boarding facilities for teenagers and young adults from the SOS villages. Work thinks how sustainability cyclic replenishment of children and families in the SOS families and possibilities and individualized needs of clients in the SOS...

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Gíbalová, Vladimíra. "Problematika výchovného procesu traumatizovaných dětí v systému SOS dětských vesniček." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-313322.

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Key words Forms of alternative care, institutional care, children's home, substitute family care, foster care, SOS Children's Village, a complex developmental trauma, abuse, deprivation, and child needs, parenting style. Summary This diploma work deals with the characterization of complex development trauma as the cause of placing children in foster care. The diploma work describes the foster care system in the Czech Republic and the specifics educational environment and educational process in the SOS Children's Villages. Includes a comparison of some factors and circumstances of educational conditions children's home and SOS Children's Village. Descriptive studies are concrete stories of children who passed the foster care system. 2

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Lien, Phan Thi Bich, and 莲. "PLANNING MODEL FOR PERI-URBAN VILLAGES OF HANOI _ VIETNAM IN URBANIZATION PROCESS (Case study in Soc Son - Hanoi - Vietnam & in Xin Zhuang - New Taipei City - Taiwan )." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99978049088861927137.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
101
Cities or living areas, which have a comfortable life with full of activities, stimulating environment, friendly neighborhood and fresh air are target that all urban planners are looking for. However, there is a factual inconsistency that convenient urban areas usually suffer from air pollution and rapid lifestyle, whereas in villages and suburban areas, a close community and fresh air may be under insufficient infrastructure and threads of change. Whether or not does it have a planning model that can combine both urban and village advantages? Peri-urban is an adjoining urban area, which has mixture characteristics of urban and suburban about natural, physical and socio-economic attributes (Allen, 2003). In addition, the region is changing very fast under the change of policies and urbanization. In the Northern Vietnam, especially in Hanoi region, the peri-urban areas usually developed from villages, which have a very tight and close relationship, sustainable planning structure as well as rich-cultural identity. Regarded as the cradle of Vietnam’s culture and Hanoi's pride, each one of these villages contains a long history, independent and unique spatial organization. According to World Bank report in 2012, Vietnam has the highest rate of urbanization in Southeast Asia (3% annually) with the center of urbanization in Hanoi, the capital. As a consequence of this trend, the peri-urban villages of Hanoi will face up with dramatic changes in the near future. Urbanization in one hand is the chance to improve the living conditions in Hanoi peri-urban villages but in another hand is the danger for their development in both cultural, social, economy and architectural aspects in case urbanization comes too fast without preparation in advance. It is necessary to look for a planning model of Hanoi's peri-urban villages to orientate its development in a right direction without losing their precious historical and cultural values. To approach to planning model, this thesis will summarize the significant characters of traditional villages in Hanoi peri - urban areas as well as analyze its value and changing trends in spatial structure. These changes are expressed from close and concentric space to open and along with edge , traditional style to modern tube house and so on. They are factual bases that establish aims and criteria of planning model. Besides, reviewing the samples of urban planning model in terms of social infrastructure and road net system also supplies the theoretical background to orientate the development of planning model in spatial structure. The case study methodology will contribute to realize and specify the development of peri-urban villages in urbanization with two locations in Taiwan and Vietnam. The first case study is in Soc Son - Hanoi where is in the pre-urbanized process and the second one is in Xin Zhuang - New Taipei City that is in the process after urbanization. The lesson learned from the case study in Xin Zhuang urbanization can be a good suggestion for planning model of peri-urban villages in Soc Son and Ha Noi. It is an important base to establish the planning model that is sufficient for development and still keep value in a close and intimate community. Urbanization is an inevitable process, which strongly affects all nations, especially the developing countries. Whether this influence could be positive or negative mainly depends on how we prepare the way to approach to it. Villages are also an important factor in the culture, economy, and architecture of Asia and South-East Asia countries. Therefore, the findings of direction for village development in urbanization are necessary and have high practical value. This thesis would like to contribute the planning model named Stair-Transforming Living Unit. It proposes three kind of space including Village space, Transforming space and Urban space to adapt with the changing process from a village to an living urban unit in gradually increasing level. This planning model is suggested as a planning frame for Hanoi’s peri-urban villages in specific as well as a reference for other Vietnamese villages in general.

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Lartigue, Benoît. "Un festival de jazz en monde rural : analyse sociologique d’un conflit qui dure : le cas français d'Uzeste Musical et de ses relations conflictuelles avec la localité qui l'accueille." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11539.

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L’étude de cas qui compose ce mémoire de maîtrise cherche à expliquer sous l’optique sociologique la pérennité des relations conflictuelles qu’entretiennent le festival permanent Uzeste Musical et le village du même nom, peuplé de 450 habitants et dans lequel il se déroule depuis plus de 35 ans. Fondée sur une enquête de terrain mêlant approche ethnographique et entretiens semi-dirigés au sein de ce village du sud ouest de la France, l’analyse combine in vivo une description ethnographique du conflit à différents éléments théoriques susceptibles d’en rendre raison. Principalement, le recours à la théorie des champs et des sens pratiques de Bourdieu et à celle, pragmatique, de Boltanski et Thévenot, permet de saisir dans le discours des différents acteurs du conflit les raisons pour lesquelles un festival de jazz comme celui-ci se révèle être à bien trop d’égards étranger aux structures et à la culture d’un tel village pour s’y faire pleinement accepter. Il permet également de rendre compte de la manière par laquelle ces mêmes acteurs tendent à redéfinir un conflit – dont la longévité pourrait a priori sembler insoutenable – en des termes qui leur sont familiers, posture qui leur permet alors de relativiser une conflictualité qu’ils assimilent à l’histoire ordinaire de leur village et avec laquelle ils sont ainsi en mesure de composer.
This master’s thesis is a case study that uses a sociological perspective to seek the reasons of the persistent conflict between the Uzeste Musical festival and a village of 450 inhabitants going by the same name, and last for the past 35 years. Based on a fieldwork, it combines an ethnographical approach and semi-structured interviews within this southwest village of France. The analysis mixes in vivo an ethnographical description of the conflict to different theoretical elements. The field and the practical sense theory of Bourdieu, in addition to the Boltanski & Thévenot’s pragmatic theory will help us understand the true implication of this problematic cohabitation. Through discussions with the different actors of the conflict rise the very reasons why this jazz festival seems foreign to the structures and the culture of the village, thus not being accepted by its inhabitants. Furthermore, it demonstrates the way the actors will try to redefine the conflict itself with familiar terms, even thought the latter seems unsustainable. This position allows them to put the conflict into perspective like it was always a part of the village’s history, thus redefining a way to cope with this problematic cohabitation.

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Kabanyane, Nompumelelo Eucalist. "The psycho-educational use of narrative therapy among Nguni speaking children." Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2551.

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Narrative therapy provides an opportunity for children to identify what is important to them. The aim of therapy in this research is to open up space for Nguni speaking children, who in their culture, are not allowed to express their feelings freely. The researcher has found that stories allow children an opportunity to realise that they are all human and that we have come through a process where we have to acknowledge that our existence today is largely dependent on the fact that we are not denying our stories as Nguni speaking people. From looking at the results of study, it would appear that these children have benefited from the therapy sessions. From three clients a sense of pride and self-worth was often evident at the end of a session and the overall comment made was that each one felt far better than when they had started the sessions.
Educational Studies
M. Ed. (specialisation in Guidance and Counseling)

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David, Joanne Munro. "An evaluation of the effectiveness of a cognitive load based teaching method in a mixed ability grade 9 class, with special attention to learners' attitudes and engagement." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/21803.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'SOS villages'

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