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Journal articles on the topic 'Sound analyzers'
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Shashurin, Aleksandr, Konstantiv Fiev, Viktoriia Vasilyeva, and Andrey Voronkov. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR MEASURING NOISE LEVELS IN THE UNDERGROUND ROLLING STOCK." VOLUME 39, VOLUME 39 (2021): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika202139183.
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This document specifies the methodology for measuring equivalent sound pressure levels in octave frequency bands (in dB rel. 20 μPa), equivalent and maximum A-corrected sound levels (in dB rel. to 20 μPa), generated in the rolling stock in the driver’s cabins and in the passenger rooms of the salons, using acoustic meters - multifunctional analyzers Ecophysics, noise and vibration meters, spectrum analyzers Ecophysics 110A, Oktava 110A Eco, Oktava 110A, Oktava 111, B&K 2250, 2250L, 2270, noise and vibration analyzers ASSISTANT, noise and vibration meters, digital spectrum analyzers Algorithm-05, SVAN979. This methodology is applicable for noise measurements in the driver’s cabins and in the passenger rooms of the rolling stock of both new and old models operated by the underground railway.
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Bowers, G. N., C. Brassard, and S. F. Sena. "Measurement of ionized calcium in serum with ion-selective electrodes: a mature technology that can meet the daily service needs." Clinical Chemistry 32, no. 8 (August 1, 1986): 1437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/32.8.1437.
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Abstract This article reviews key advances in ion-selective electrode technology that have made potentiometric measurements of ionized calcium (Ca2+) reliable and precise. Our use of two second-generation Ca2+ analyzers (Radiometer ICA1 and NOVA 8) made possible uninterrupted service as volume increased to 31 640 patient tests in 1985. The lower results on the NOVA 8 were adjusted upwards to match those of the ICA1 to give identical results. Both analyzers were evaluated under working conditions of high volumes and multiple operators to establish downtime, electrode life, and costs. We have classified all Ca2+ analyzers into first-, intermediate-, and second-generation instruments, the better to understand their differences. Results for large numbers of patients' sera were shown to be systematically different when any two analyzers were compared. These differences are the consequence of each manufacturer's unique choices of the following: (a) the matrix of the calcium calibration solutions, (b) the type and configuration of the reference electrode, and (c) the salt-bridge solution. Elimination of each analyzer's biases will require agreement on a reference system that defines the accuracy of Ca2+ measurements on serum, plasma, or whole blood. The sound analytical performance of today's second-generation Ca2+ analyzers has allowed us to exploit the inherent superiority of Ca2+ over total calcium (CaT) measurements in the daily care of patients. We report on the preference of Ca2+ over CaT by physicians at our hospital since the introduction of second-generation Ca2+ analyzers. Therefore, we state unequivocally from our very satisfactory experience over the past five years that Ca2+ is a clinical laboratory test whose time has come!
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Oeding, Kristi, and Michael Valente. "Differences in Sensation Level between the Widex SoundTracker and Two Real-Ear Analyzers." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 24, no. 08 (September 2013): 660–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.24.8.3.
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Background: SoundTracker is an algorithm in Widex's Compass fitting software that could potentially be used to estimate a patient's aided sensation level (SL). SoundTracker's accuracy of estimating a patient's SL has never been verified in comparison to SL measured with commercially available real-ear analyzers. Purpose: Determine whether statistically significant differences are present between the estimated SL of the Widex SoundTracker software application and the measured SL of the Audioscan Verifit and Frye 6500 real-ear analyzers at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. Research Design: This study used a randomized repeated measures design to determine differences in SL between SoundTracker and the Verifit and 6500. Study Sample: Ten subjects (N = 20 ears) were recruited who were experienced users of behind-the-ear hearing aids with conventional vented earmolds and had bilateral sensorineural hearing loss that was >30 dB HL below 1000 Hz and ≤70 dB HL to 4000 Hz. Data Collection and Analysis: Real-ear in-situ thresholds (dB sound pressure level [SPL]) and real-ear aided responses (REAR; dB SPL) were measured at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz to determine differences in SL between SoundTracker, Verifit, and 6500. A three-factor repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was utilized to determine differences between method (real-ear analyzers and SoundTracker), analyzer (Verifit and 6500), and frequency (500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz). Results: Mean differences in measured SL for the Verifit and 6500 were ≤2 dB when compared to the estimated SL using SoundTracker. A statistically significant difference in SL was present between the Verifit and SoundTracker at 2000 Hz (p < 0.01), but no significant differences were present at 500, 1000, and 4000 Hz. A statistically significant difference in SL was present between the 6500 and SoundTracker at 4000 Hz (p < 0.01), but no significant differences were present at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz. Mean differences in measured SL between the real-ear analyzers (difference of SoundTracker SL minus Verifit SL compared to the difference of SoundTracker SL minus 6500 SL) were ≤2 dB with a statistically significant difference present at 2000 Hz (p < 0.01), but no statistically significant differences were present at 500, 1000, or 4000 Hz. Conclusions: Nearly 85% of the differences between the estimated SoundTracker SL and the measured SLs of the Verifit and 6500 were ≤2 dB. Despite some limitations of this study, SoundTracker could be useful as a counseling tool to illustrate to patients which sounds are audible or inaudible when unaided and aided.
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HILL, PATRICIA M., ROBERTO BAGNARA, and ENEA ZAFFANELLA. "Soundness, idempotence and commutativity of set-sharing." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 2, no. 2 (March 2002): 155–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068401001338.
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It is important that practical data-flow analyzers are backed by reliably proven theoretical results. Abstract interpretation provides a sound mathematical framework and necessary generic properties for an abstract domain to be well-defined and sound with respect to the concrete semantics. In logic programming, the abstract domain Sharing is a standard choice for sharing analysis for both practical work and further theoretical study. In spite of this, we found that there were no satisfactory proofs for the key properties of commutativity and idempotence that are essential for Sharing to be well-defined and that published statements of the soundness of Sharing assume the occurs-check. This paper provides a generalization of the abstraction function for Sharing that can be applied to any language, with or without the occurs-check. Results for soundness, idempotence and commutativity for abstract unification using this abstraction function are proven.
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Sekarwati, Arrum, Syaifudin Syaifudin, Torib Hamzah, and Shubhrojit Misra. "Sensor Accuracy Analysis on Incubator Analyzer to Measure Noise and Airflow Parameters." Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics 4, no. 3 (July 28, 2022): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35882/jeeemi.v4i3.227.
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Infant incubators are equipment to maintain a stable body temperature for premature babies. Premature babies need room conditioning that is close to conditions in the womb. Room conditioning is carried out in a baby incubator by providing a stable temperature, relative humidity, and measured air flow. This parameter must be controlled so as not to exceed the threshold that will harm the baby. Periodic calibration should be applied to the infant incubator to monitor its function. To ensure the availability of baby incubators according to service standards, it is necessary to conduct test (calibrate) using an incubator analyzer. The purpose of this study is to conduct further research on the incubator analyzer that focuses on discussing the accuracy of noise and airflow sensors with the gold standard. In this study, an experiment was carried out for the sensitivity level of several sensors that had been treated by giving treatment to sensors to choose sensors with good sensitivity to be assembled into one in the incubator analyzer module. The noise sensors (KY-037 and Analog Sound Sensor V2.2) were further compared with the values on the sound level meter and the airflow sensor (D6F-V03A1) was compared with the anemometer. Sensors whose values are close to the comparison values were selected to be integrated into the incubator analyzer module. The incubator analyzer module used Arduino Mega2560 as a data processor and was equipped with an SD Card for the data storage. The built incubator analyzer module was also compared to the Fluke INCU II gold standard for data analysis. The results showed that the Analog Sound Sensor V2.2 had the highest error value (-4.6%) at 32°C and the D6F-V03A1 had the ability to measure sensitivity, where the results were more accurate than INCU II. Based on the error value of the noise sensor, the V2.2 sensor can be applied to measure noise in the baby incubator and the D6F-V03A1 airflow sensor produced an accuracy of up to 3 digits behind the comma which is more accurate than the standard module. The results of the INCU analyzer from this study can be used to calibrate the baby incubator, so that the certainty of the feasibility of the baby incubator is guaranteed. This research can be used as a reference for other researchers who will develop research on incubator analyzers in the future.
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Baranski, Robert, and Grazyna Wszołek. "Educational Implementation of a Sound Level Meter in the LabVIEW Environment." Archives of Acoustics 38, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoa-2013-0003.
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Abstract As a consequence of recent implementations of EU Directives related to noise protection more and more students of various AGH-UST programs are introduced to the basics of acoustic measurements. Students at various levels of theoretical background in the field of acoustic measurements are offered practical training in measurements using digital sound analyzers. The situation would be optimal if each student could have a device at his/her own disposal. Unfortunately, such a situation is not possible at the moment because of various reasons. With the above problem in mind, a dedicated software package has been developed, implemented in the LabVIEW environment, which allows detailed studies of problems related to the acoustic signal measurement using sound level meters, as well as tasks in spectral analysis (1/1 and 1/3 band filters) and narrow-band (FFT) analysis. With such organization during the introductory laboratory classes each student is offered a direct individual contact with a virtual device that is properly pre-programmed for realization of a well-constructed learning process. It definitely facilitates understanding of the essence of acoustic signal measurements and provides a good basis for further laboratory work carried out as a team-activity.
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Zhang, Lu. "Design of Heart Sound Analyzer." Advanced Materials Research 1042 (October 2014): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1042.131.
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There is important physiological and pathological information in heart sound, so the patients’ information can be obtained by detection of their heart sounds. In the hardware of the system, the heart sound sensor HKY06B is used to acquire the heart sound signal, and the DSP chip TMS320VC5416 is used to process the heart sound. De-noising based on wavelet and HHT and other technical are used in the process of heart sound. There are five steps in the system: acquisition, de-noising, segmentation, feature extraction, and finally, heart sounds are classified
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Jasinski, Christopher M., and Robert Celmer. "A Capstone Acoustical Engineering Design course with industry-sponsored projects." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010824.
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One of the transitions that engineering students must make as they enter the work force is the progression from theoretical concepts to applied/real world applications. At the University of Hartford, engineering design courses serve as culminating experiences devised to bridge this passage. One such course, Acoustics Capstone Design, challenges the student to apply the past three years' conceptual base of two acoustics and two vibration courses to a problem-solving opportunity replete with actual scenarios encountered in industry. Each year local firms approach our Engineering Applications Center for assistance with a variety of sound or vibration problems. After an initial training period, students make use of the laboratory's FFT/real time analyzers, anechoic/reverberation chambers, sound intensity and modal analysis software, acoustic modeling software, and vibration shaker/transducers. Using a consultant-client model, students work collaboratively in teams of two defining the problem, developing a method of approach, making appropriate measurements, devising alternate solutions, and ultimately delivering a written and oral presentation at the end of the semester. The arrangement regularly results in employment offers for the graduating seniors. The paper discusses specific projects and some experiences students have had with their first industrial assignment, as well as creative means of equipment acquisition.
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Hopkins, Carl D., Michelangelo Rossetto, and Ann Lutjen. "A Continuous Sound Spectrum Analyzer for Animal Sounds." Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 34, no. 3 (April 26, 2010): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1974.tb01804.x.
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Sun, Xiaoyu, Li Li, Tegawendé F. Bissyandé, Jacques Klein, Damien Octeau, and John Grundy. "Taming Reflection." ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology 30, no. 3 (May 2021): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3440033.
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Android developers heavily use reflection in their apps for legitimate reasons. However, reflection is also significantly used for hiding malicious actions. Unfortunately, current state-of-the-art static analysis tools for Android are challenged by the presence of reflective calls, which they usually ignore. Thus, the results of their security analysis, e.g., for private data leaks, are incomplete, given the measures taken by malware writers to elude static detection. We propose a new instrumentation-based approach to address this issue in a non-invasive way. Specifically, we introduce to the community a prototype tool called DroidRA, which reduces the resolution of reflective calls to a composite constant propagation problem and then leverages the COAL solver to infer the values of reflection targets. After that, it automatically instruments the app to replace reflective calls with their corresponding Java calls in a traditional paradigm. Our approach augments an app so that it can be more effectively statically analyzable, including by such static analyzers that are not reflection-aware. We evaluate DroidRA on benchmark apps as well as on real-world apps, and we demonstrate that it can indeed infer the target values of reflective calls and subsequently allow state-of-the-art tools to provide more sound and complete analysis results.
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Jamali, Q. B., M. T. Bhatti, Q. A. Qazi, B. H. Kaurejo, I. A. Qazi, S. H. Solangi, and A. S. Jamali. "Analysis of CO2, CO, NO, NO2, and PM Particulates of a Diesel Engine Exhaust." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): 4912–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3093.
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Exhaust emissions of a diesel engine are considered to be a substantial source of environmental pollution. Diesel engines are mainly used in vehicles and power generation. The usage of diesel engines is unavoidable as they give more power and performance, but at the same time, higher usage of diesel engines leads to increased air pollution, sound pollution, and emissions to the environment. Therefore, various attempts have been made to control the harmful emissions of engines. For this reason, different devices have been made such as catalytic convertors to overcome emission problems and purify the harmful gases. In order to meet these ends, a new system was designed that would contribute to controlling the air pollution of the engines. The system is also known as an aqua silencer, and its design is somehow different but still can be used as a silencer. The newly designed emission controller was installed in a test-bed diesel engine and a total of twenty experiments were conducted with and without the new emission controller at constant speed and at constant load. During these experiments, exhaust gases were analyzed with flue gas analyzers measuring CO2, CO, NO2, NO, and PM. The study concluded that the contaminants of diesel engine exhaust gases were) controlled by the developed emission controller.
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Monteiro, C. Libano, and A. Cruz Serra. "Real-time sound analyzer." Computer Standards & Interfaces 21, no. 2 (June 1999): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5489(99)91972-4.
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Strilka, Tomas, Miklos Sajben, and Peter Nagy. "Continuous Monitoring of Binary Gas Mixture Concentration With Application to Turbine Blade Cooling Experiments." Journal of Turbomachinery 122, no. 3 (February 1, 1999): 570–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1302285.
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Turbine blade cooling experiments often use mixtures of air and a heavy gas CO2,SF6 to simulate coolant/mainstream density ratios. If the mixing of the mainstream with the coolant ejected from the blade is of interest, then it may be necessary to determine the spatial distribution of the heavy gas concentration in the flowfield. Commercial analyzers are too slow and have other disadvantages when used for this purpose. To meet this special need, a device has been developed to monitor the heavy gas concentration continuously in a small sample stream by determining the speed of sound in the sample. Together with the temperature of the sample, the information is sufficient to determine the concentration. The device measures the time of propagation for an ultrasonic burst transverse to the stream. The temperature of the gas contained in the device is controlled and measured. Calibration with several gas mixtures (air and CO2,SF6, He) has shown an uncertainty Cmeas−Ctrue of 2 percent over the full concentration range of 0–100 percent for CO2 and SF6. The device is operable in the pressure range from −50 to 100 kPa gage and in the temperature range from 0°C to 40°C. The instrument is rugged and will survive in noisy, turbulent environments. [S0889-504X(00)01202-2]
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Chung, Youngbeen, Jie Jin, Hyun In Jo, Hyun Lee, Sang-Heon Kim, Sung Jun Chung, Ho Joo Yoon, Junhong Park, and Jin Yong Jeon. "Diagnosis of Pneumonia by Cough Sounds Analyzed with Statistical Features and AI." Sensors 21, no. 21 (October 23, 2021): 7036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21217036.
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Pneumonia is a serious disease often accompanied by complications, sometimes leading to death. Unfortunately, diagnosis of pneumonia is frequently delayed until physical and radiologic examinations are performed. Diagnosing pneumonia with cough sounds would be advantageous as a non-invasive test that could be performed outside a hospital. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based pneumonia diagnostic algorithm. We collected cough sounds from thirty adult patients with pneumonia or the other causative diseases of cough. To quantify the cough sounds, loudness and energy ratio were used to represent the level and its spectral variations. These two features were used for constructing the diagnostic algorithm. To estimate the performance of developed algorithm, we assessed the diagnostic accuracy by comparing with the diagnosis by pulmonologists based on cough sound alone. The algorithm showed 90.0% sensitivity, 78.6% specificity and 84.9% overall accuracy for the 70 cases of cough sound in pneumonia group and 56 cases in non-pneumonia group. For same cases, pulmonologists correctly diagnosed the cough sounds with 56.4% accuracy. These findings showed that the proposed AI algorithm has value as an effective assistant technology to diagnose adult pneumonia patients with significant reliability.
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Hu, Qing Song, De Hui Chen, Wei Ding Wang, and Shou Yu Zhang. "Fish Sound Frequency Domain Analysis and Acoustic Spread Distance Experiment Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 716–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.716.
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Fish biological sounds reflect abundant information of its living state. It is important to systematically conduct research on the fish acoustic features. This paper designs program code based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to deal with the sounds in frequency domain. By applying the program to analyze the sounds of piranha, oyster toadfish etc., the feature of main frequency is obtained and the sound features of different fishes are compared. This paper further designs the sound detection experiment about the acoustic spread distance; analyzes the sound decibel value varying trend according to the result. The different features among the fishes illustrate the sound difference. Acoustic spread detection experiment provides the fish behavior control feasible distance in the taming system design.
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Jannah, Raodhatul. "Produksi Organ Bicara Bahasa Arab." AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 17, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35905/alishlah.v17i1.988.
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The field of linguistics that studies, analyzes, and discusses the sequences of language sounds is called phonology. The sound units that are the object of the study are phonetic and phonemic. In the case of issuing, producing, or uttering sounds, of course through the process. Human speech organs consist of the respiratory system, esophagus and oral cavity, nose and throat which then work together to produce a sound, both in the form of consonants and Arabic vowels. The consonant study in this case relates to the characteristics, pronunciation of articulation and the place where the sound is released.
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Siswanto, Waluyo Adi, Wan Mohamed Akil Che Wahab, Musli Nizam Yahya, Al Emran Ismail, and Ismail Nawi. "A Platform for Digital Reproduction Sound of Traditional Musical Instrument Kompang." Applied Mechanics and Materials 660 (October 2014): 823–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.660.823.
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This work proposes a system for the digital reproduction sound ofkompang. Thekompangsounds are represented bybungandpakproduced by palm beating to the membrane. The sounds are recorded in an acoustical sound recording system. In this proposed system, the recorded sounds are then analyzed in a frequency analyzer SpectraPLUS. This frequency contents data can be used as the reference to check the reproduced digital sound. The recorded wave data is converted to MIDI format before being manipulated in Ableton synthesizer system to create modern keyboard notes but representingkompangsound. For the validation purpose, a subjective approach as an additional to the objective comparison with frequency contents is also proposed.
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Nirmalasari, Yohanna. "KESALAHAN BUNYI SIMAKAN PEMELAJAR BIPA TINGKAT PEMULA ASAL TIONGKOK." Tabasa: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia, dan Pengajarannya 1, no. 2 (March 8, 2021): 147–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/tabasa.v1i2.2692.
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Listening skills are language skills that affect the development of language learning, especially for second language learners. In the learning process of listening skills, mistakes often occur. This can happen because of the influence of the first language on the second language learning process. This study aims to describe the sound errors by observing beginner BIPA learners from China who do not use the alphabet in their first language. This research is a text analysis research which analyzes the sound errors by listening to BIPA students' writing. Based on the analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that there are three categories of sound errors, namely changes in the sound at the beginning of the word, the middle of the word, and the end of the word. Each of these categories has changes, omissions, and even added sounds. (1) In the mistakes at the beginning of words, learners make many mistakes in bilabial, dental, and velar inhibitory sounds. (2) For errors in the middle of a word, learners made many mistakes in inhibiting, nasal, vibrating, and lateral sounds, as well as removing nasal sounds and adding vibrating consonants. (3) In the error at the end of the word, the learner removes the final consonants of the inhibiting and fricative sounds, as well as changing the nasal sound, the fricative sound becomes a vibration, and the glotal fricative sound becomes a dental plosive sound.
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Gavrovska, Ana, Goran Zajić, Vesna Bogdanović, Irini Reljin, and Branimir Reljin. "Identification of S1 and S2 Heart Sound Patterns Based on Fractal Theory and Shape Context." Complexity 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1580414.
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There has been a sustained effort in the research community over the recent years to develop algorithms that automatically analyze heart sounds. One of the major challenges is identifying primary heart sounds, S1 and S2, as they represent reference events for the analysis. The study presented in this paper analyzes the possibility of improving the structure characterization based on shape context and structure assessment using a small number of descriptors. Particularly, for the primary sound characterization, an adaptive waveform filtering is applied based on blanket fractal dimension for each preprocessed sound candidate belonging to pediatric subjects. This is followed by applying the shape based methods selected for the structure assessment of primary heart sounds. Different methods, such as the fractal ones, are used for the comparison. The analysis of heart sound patterns is performed using support vector machine classifier showing promising results (above 95% accuracy). The obtained results suggest that it is possible to improve the identification process using the shape related methods which are rarely applied. This can be helpful for applications involving automatic heart sound analysis.
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Bilyk, N. "COLOR ASSOCIATIONS IN LITERARY SYNESTHESIA: PERSPECTIVES ON THEORY AND METHODOLOGY (A.HATALITSA’S “LINES OF LIFE”)." Comparative studies of Slavic languages and literatures. In memory of Academician Leonid Bulakhovsky, no. 35 (2019): 174–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2075-437x.2019.35.18.
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An effective type of intermedia is synesthesia. The concept implies the convergence of the two sensor spheres or at their merger with the simultaneous action of the analyzers, and the determining weight is recognized by the valuable personal principles of the carrier of such property. A substitute function is able to combine smells and musical impulses in a literary material, to produce colorful music, or to sound, taste or touch visuals and the like. The main stage of the mechanism provided by the qualities of synesthesia is based on an individual association. This process also takes place in the aspect of fiction, where an identical model of realization is filled with isomorphic material of genetically related spheres of culture, in which case – different types of art, where color plays a significant role. The synesthetic potential of color has been the focus of a number of creative reflections of different times. Color expressively reveals a synesthetic diversity of applicability to associations with the sensuous sphere, manifested by the measurement of human emotions. In empirical terms, the potential of synesthesia is vividly and convincingly actualized in the novels of A. Gatalica, a representative of the Serbian national literary process at the turn of the XX – XXI centuries. This creativity is evident in the work of The Lines of Life, where certain imaginative points are equated with equivalence in the expressivesemantic interchange of taste and cognitive constants. A. Galatica’s experimental creative experience attests to one of the leading positions of the artist’s novel creativity in enriching the artistic experience of synesthesia in the discourse of the Serbian postmodern novel and in the paradigm of comparative experiments.
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Abri, Faranak, Luis Felipe Gutiérrez, Prerit Datta, David R. W. Sears, Akbar Siami Namin, and Keith S. Jones. "A Comparative Analysis of Modeling and Predicting Perceived and Induced Emotions in Sonification." Electronics 10, no. 20 (October 15, 2021): 2519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10202519.
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Sonification is the utilization of sounds to convey information about data or events. There are two types of emotions associated with sounds: (1) “perceived” emotions, in which listeners recognize the emotions expressed by the sound, and (2) “induced” emotions, in which listeners feel emotions induced by the sound. Although listeners may widely agree on the perceived emotion for a given sound, they often do not agree about the induced emotion of a given sound, so it is difficult to model induced emotions. This paper describes the development of several machine and deep learning models that predict the perceived and induced emotions associated with certain sounds, and it analyzes and compares the accuracy of those predictions. The results revealed that models built for predicting perceived emotions are more accurate than ones built for predicting induced emotions. However, the gap in predictive power between such models can be narrowed substantially through the optimization of the machine and deep learning models. This research has several applications in automated configurations of hardware devices and their integration with software components in the context of the Internet of Things, for which security is of utmost importance.
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Skobelkina, N. M., and W. Na. "DIFFICULTIES IN BUILDING THE AUDITORY AND PRONUNCIATION SKILLS IN CHINESE STUDENTS WHILE TEACHING RUSSIAN." Pedagogical IMAGE 15, no. 1 (2021): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32343/2409-5052-2021-15-1-16-25.
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The introduction. The paper deals with a problem of Russian speech sound acquisition by Chinese students, examines the bilateral nature of this problem (sound perception and sound pronunciation), and identifies typical difficulties of the Chinese audience. Materials and methods. The paper analyzes the results of an empirical study aimed at identifying the most frequent difficulties encountered by Chinese students learning the Russian Language when mastering auditory and pronunciation skills. The study relies on the methods of experimental research, statistical data processing, and comparative analysis. Results. The findings show the correlation between the two types of mistakes (in perception and pronunciation of Russian sounds) made by Chinese students. This correlation made it possible to obtain the data on the extent to which the processes of sound unit perception and generation are interconnected and interdependent. The experimental study has identified the most typical difficulties of Chinese students and considered their causes. Conclusion. The study has shown that the number of sound perception mistakes significantly exceeds that of sound pronunciation ones. Therefore, focused work is required to develop auditory skills. Both types of mistakes result from the differences in sound systems of the Russian and Chinese languages, which should be fully taken into account when building audial and pronunciation skills of Chinese students. Keywords: the audial and pronunciation skills, sound system, differentiation of sounds, methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language.
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Aronstein, Jesse. "Dynamic display for automatic sound signal analyzer." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 80, no. 4 (October 1986): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.394426.
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Rosdianto, Haris, Sumarli Sumarli, and Suryati Suryati. "Analysis of Sound Frequency on Guzheng Using Advanced Spectrum Analyzer Pro." JIPF (Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Fisika) 6, no. 3 (September 4, 2021): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.26737/jipf.v6i3.2659.
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Physics learning about sound frequency will be more effective if equipped with practicum activities. This practicum activity can be done by linking it with a cultural because cultural values have the potential to be implemented in physics learning, such as musical instruments for sound frequency. As for the culture used in this research is the Guzheng. This research aims to analyzed of the Guzheng sound frequency, the comparison of the sound frequency to the prime tones, and the comparison of the sound frequency to the octave tones. The research type that was used is based on laboratory experiment with the aids of Advanced Spectrum Analyzer Pro application which is already installed in the smartphone to measure the sound frequency of 21 strings of Guzheng. The result of the analyzed showed that the longer of string so the sound frequency produced is the lower. As for of simple linear regression test showed that the sound frequency is linearly distributed to the prime tones and to the octave tones. The result of research can be applied in physics learning by conducting practicum activities and utilizing technology by the Advanced Spectrum Analyzer Pro application to measure the sound frequency both on musical instruments and on other objects that can make a sound.
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Larsen, Peter. "Hand‐held analyzer systems for building acoustics and sound intensity/sound power." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 103, no. 5 (May 1998): 2837. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.421472.
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Abd Wahab, Alia Farahin, and Khairunnisa Diyana Md Noor. "From Forest to a Song; A Process of Extracting the Soundscape of Nature into Art Songs." Formosa Journal of Applied Sciences 1, no. 3 (August 30, 2022): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/fjas.v1i3.1080.
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The art song is a genre performed mainly by piano and voice. This paper is about the process and the inspirational factor of creating art songs based on the Malaysian urban soundscape. The composer talks about the understanding of the sound and the process of recording certain inspirational sounds, transcribing them, and creating them into a motive. The soundscape chosen by the composer is also a contributing factor to the whole structure and meaning of the song. These motives that have been interpreted based on the recordings are then expanded and made into an art song. There are a few important features that triggered the interest of the composer upon choosing a certain sound as the main inspiration. Besides that, the paper also analyzes how these sounds affected the composer’s understanding of music and its surrounding. In order to write art songs inspired by the urban soundscape in Malaysia, there will be recording sounds of the surroundings and events that the composer feel is appropriate. The composer also includes the interpretation of sound from certain buildings or atmosphere. From these recordings or interpretations, notes are taken out to create a new motive or a short melody from it. The paper includes the process of creating the motives from the recording into a song.
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An, Ji-Hee, Na-Kyoung Koo, Ju-Hye Son, Hye-Min Joo, and Seungdo Jeong. "Development on Deaf Support Application Based on Daily Sound Classification Using Image-based Deep Learning." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 6, no. 1-2 (May 31, 2022): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.6.1-2.936.
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According to statistics, the number of hearing-impaired persons among the disabled in Korea accounts for 27% of all persons with disabilities. However, there is insufficient support for the deaf and hard of hearing's protective devices and life aids compared to the large number. In particular, the hearing impaired misses much information obtained through sound and causes inconvenience in daily life. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a method to relieve the discomfort in the daily life of the hearing impaired. It analyzes sounds that can occur frequently and must be recognized in daily life and guide them to the hearing impaired through applications and vibration bracelets. Sound analysis was learned by using deep learning by converting sounds that often occur in daily life into the Mel-Spectrogram. The sound that actually occurs is recorded through the application, and then it is identified based on the learning result. According to the identification result, predefined alarms and vibrations are provided differently so that the hearing impaired can easily recognize it. As a result of the recognition of the four major sounds occurring in real life in the experiment, the performance showed an average of 85% and an average of 80% of the classification rate for mixed sounds. It was confirmed that the proposed method can be applied to real-life through experiments. Through the proposed method, the quality of life can be improved by allowing the hearing impaired to recognize and respond to sounds that are essential in daily life.
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Charan Agrawal, Vrushank. "The Effect of Thickness of A Plectrum Used on The Sound Produced by A Guitar String." Oriental Journal of Physical Sciences 3, no. 2 (December 25, 2018): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojps03.02.03.
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It is believed that the human ear is very sensitive to subtle changes in sounds. In the context of a guitar, the myriad of sounds produced by the strings depends majorly on the plucking technique of the player, but it is hypothesized that the sound produced by a string is also influenced, to some degree, by the thickness of the plectrum used for playing. This has led many to speculate whether bands and artists like the Beatles, Led Zeppelin and the Rolling Stones would have sounded very different if they hadn't used the right guitar plectrum. In this research paper, three plectrums of different thickness have been used to pluck electric guitar strings and the output electric voltage has been documented using the software Visual Analyzer. The observations show that the thickness of a plectrum indeed influences the sound produced by a guitar string to a significant extent
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Anderson, Roger J., and Zack Kertzman. "Sound pressure mapping with a hand held sound level meter/real time analyzer." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 118, no. 3 (September 2005): 1924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4780556.
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Awbrey, Frank T. "Using FFT spectrum analyzers to measure animal sounds." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 96, no. 5 (November 1994): 3297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.410870.
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Ivanenko, Iryna. "Sound in the individual poetic picture of the world of Mykola Vihranovskyi." Culture of the Word, no. 90 (2019): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/0201-419x-2019.90.8.
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The article analyzes models of metaphorical description of sounds that are relevant to M. Vinhranovsky’s individual poetic picture of the world. It is determined that the most productive type of audio metaphorization is related to the verbalization of associative sound-to-nature relationships. Its relevance is determined by the collective (secured by verbal tradition) and individual (author) experience of perceiving objects of national space, such as river, sky, water, forest, grove, trees, as well as related phenomena of nature (wind, storm, thunder, rain). and living things (birds, animals, insects). The persistence of associations in the poetic texts motivated by this experience has been consistently confirmed. The collective and individual experience of perception of the phenomena of the nature of rain, thunderstorm, rain, wind, water motivates the active use of «sound» verbs, which metaphorize the various actions and intensity of manifestation of these phenomena. The stylistic performance of common linguistic formulas with stylistically neutral verbs – carriers of the archives of ‘sounds of nature’ is traced. It is proved that an important fragment of the sound definition of the world in the national linguistic-poetic practice and in the idyllic style of M. Vinhranovsky as its symbolic fragment is the image of “silence”. Updating the “zero” manifestation of audio semantics, it creates a semantic opposition to images with the seven “sound”. The aesthetic unfolding of the image of silence in various structural metaphorical structures: verbal predicative, verbal object, oxymoronic, tautological is attested. Analyzed metaphors confirm that the aesthetized verbalization of sound impressions is one of the dominants of M. Vinhranovsky’s individual poetic phrase, in which the metaphors with the seven ‘sound’ are indisputable artistic dominants.
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TAGUCHI, Satoshi, Noriko SUGITA, Yatsuo ASAZUMA, and Kohji HARA. "Sound Duration from the Teeth with Periodontal Disease on Percussion by Occlusal Sound Analyzer." Proceeding of Japanese Society of Stomatognathic Function 8 (1990): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7144/sgf1982.8.51.
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Vyshedskiy, Andrey, and Raymond Murphy. "Pendelluft in Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Measured with Lung Sounds." Pulmonary Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/139395.
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Objective. The phenomenon of pendelluft was described over five decades ago. In patients with regional variations in resistance and elastance, gas moves at the beginning of inspiration out of some alveoli into others. Gas moves in the opposite direction at the end of inspiration. The objective of this study was to apply the method of lung sounds mapping, which is known to provide regional information about gas flow, to study pendelluft in COPD patients.Methods. A 16-channel lung sound analyzer was used to collect sounds from patients with COPD (n=90) and age-matched normals (n=90). Pendelluft at the beginning of inspiration is expected to result in vesicular sounds leading the tracheal sound by a few milliseconds. Pendelluft at the end of inspiration is expected to result in vesicular sounds lagging the tracheal sound. These lead and lag times were calculated for the 14 chest wall sites.Results. The lead time was significantly longer in COPD patients:123±107 ms versus48±59 ms in controls (P<0.0001). The lag time was also significantly longer in COPD patients:269±249 ms in COPD patients versus147±124 ms in controls (P<0.0001). When normalized by the duration of the inspiration at the trachea, the lead was14±13% for COPD versus4±5% for controls (P<0.0001). The lag was28±25% for COPD versus13±12% for controls (P<0.0001). Both lead and lag correlated moderately with the GOLD stage (correlation coefficient 0.43).Conclusion. Increased lead and lag times in COPD patients are consistent with the phenomenon of pendelluft as has been observed by other methods.
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Dinh, Tuyen Thanh, and Lan Thi Hoang. "Building Vietnamese Language System for Children 5-7 Years of Age with Montessori Method." Journal of Studies in Education 9, no. 4 (October 28, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jse.v9i4.15579.
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Language is a very socially important and basic structure of thought. It allows the child to integrate into society and dealing with abstract concepts. The principle of language education is that Montessori language is attached to human life; language is a form of sound or image that represents human perception of objective or subjective life. Thus, Maria's principle of language development is attached to things, from abstract objects to linguistic sounds, and from linguistic sounds to symbolic characters. This article systematizes Maria Montessori's core views on children’s language acquisition as well as the principles affecting this process. Subsequently, it analyzes the development principles of the Montessori method as a basis for lesson and teaching tools development for Vietnamese language education.
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Minchak, Н. "PHONETIC MEANS EXPRESSIONS OF CONNOTATIVE SEMANTICS IN ARTISTIC TEXT (based on the works of Myroslav Dochinets)." MESSENGER of Kyiv National Linguistic University. Series Philology 25, no. 1 (August 26, 2022): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32589/2311-0821.1.2022.263200.
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The article describes and analyzes the phonetic means of expressing connotative semantics in the literary texts of the modern Ukrainian writer and scholarly thinker Myroslav Dochinets. Particular attention is paid to lexemes with phonetic indicators of connotation, i.e. such language units (sound-symbolic words) that have markers of qualitative and quantitative sound expression. Words with quantitative intensification of respective sounds and sound combinations in them are interpreted as phonetically expressive, which is elucidated in emphatic sound stretching. It was found that connotative semantics is better manifested in qualitative intensification of certain elements of the phonetic-phonological system of the modern Ukrainian language, which is connected with the theory of sound symbolism. Here, sound intensity of either the first or the last word in a sentence acts as a vivid expression of connotation.The research results showed that phonetic units being structural components of text formation, in particular prose, in combination with other components (lexical-semantic, grammatical, etc.) play an important role in the organization of the integral connotative semantics of the literary text with all its elements (emotionality, intensity, semantic element and figurative constituent). In addition, they contribute to the expression of the literary text dynamics and aesthetics.The obtained research results may be employed to expand the possibilities of studying connotative semantics in literary discourse and deepen the effectiveness of linguistic research in the field of ethno-, socio- and psycholinguistics.
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Reyes-Torres, Agustín, Matilde Portalés-Raga, and Clara Torres-Mañá. "The potential of sound picturebooks as multimodal narratives." AILA Review 34, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 300–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aila.21006.rey.
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Abstract In this article, we study how Sound Picturebooks constitute a multimodal narrative that enables students to develop their literacy, not only in terms of basic reading and writing skills, but also as a multidimensional interaction with other forms of representation such as images, sounds and actions. In line with the aims of the Pedagogy of Multiliteracies (New London Group 1996), we select and analyze fifteen Sound Picturebooks whose features allows us to implement the Learning by Design tenets and the four pedagogical components of the Knowledge Processes Framework: experiencing, conceptualizing, analyzing and applying. The goal is to foster basic multimodal literacies – literary, linguistic, visual and musical – and provide learners with the opportunity to construct meaning as a dynamic process of transformation and creative inquiry. Specifically, we explore the auditory features that these Sound Picturebooks contain and the extent to which the themes conveyed in the stories can be connected with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for the further discussion of social concerns. Our analyzes show that such multimodal narratives integrate crucial features to cultivate and broaden students’ multiliteracies in the classroom.
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Suzuki, Noriaki. "AUDIO PLAYER APPARATUS HAVING SOUND ANALYZER AND ITS CONTROL METHOD." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 132, no. 5 (2012): 3603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4767680.
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YUI, Akinori. "Utilization of Analyzed Sound Signal for Precision Grinding." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 75, no. 7 (2009): 821–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.75.821.
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Seren, Erdal. "Frequency Spectra of Normal Expiratory Nasal Sound." American Journal of Rhinology 19, no. 3 (May 2005): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194589240501900308.
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Background The computerized analysis of the nasal sound reflects the nasal airflow. We have developed a new software program that analyzes the nasal sound to use in the research area and clinical applications. We aimed to analyze automatically the spectral parameters of nasal sound in healthy people by our new versatile PC-based nasal sound analyzer software. Methods In this study, we analyzed and recorded the expiratory nasal sound in 30 healthy people. This analysis includes the time-expanded waveform, the spectral analysis with time-averaged fast Fourier transform, the automatic detection, and the waveform analysis of nasal sound. Results We calculated the mean frequency of low-intensity sound (LIS) and high-intensity sound (HIS). The mean frequency of LIS was found as 1254 ± 10.23 Hz at the right nose and 1375 ± 18.45 Hz at the left nose. The mean frequency of HIS was found as 2453 ± 22.23 Hz at the right nose and as 2234 ± 21.12 Hz at the left nose. These results showed that the values between LIS and HIS are statistically significant (p < 0.005) and different from each other. We found that the nasal sound of the similar nasal airflow was the same type and amplitude in the analysis of the nasal sound recordings. Conclusion The frequency of the nasal sound is an indicator of the intensity of the nasal airflow. The method that provides the analysis of the nasal sound may lead to a new diagnostic method. The method, which is noninvasive, rapid, of low cost, and even applicable for small children, requires little cooperation of the subjects. In addition, it will be possible to record and save the analysis of the nasal airflow as digital data.
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Aliosat Mustafayeva, Bahar. "EŞİTMƏ QÜSURLU UŞAQLARDA SƏS TƏLƏFFÜZÜ POZULMALARINI ARADAN QALDIRMAQ ÜÇÜN MUSİQİLİ RİTMİK VASİTƏLƏRDƏN İSTİFADƏ." SCIENTIFIC WORK 61, no. 12 (December 25, 2020): 136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/61/136-138.
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One of the most relevant methods used in the rehabilitation of hearing-impaired children and for the development of speech is music-rhythm. In any games based on music-rhythm, it is possible to stimulate several areas, such as speech, motor, cognitive processes. Composing tasks in the form of role-playing games appropriate to the age characteristics of children increases its effectiveness. Music primarily affects the auditory analyzer in children, helps to increase auditory attention in children with dementia. Thus, the child perceives sounds better over time and develops the ability to differentiate them. Improved hearing allows children to understand the speech of adults better. Over time, it accelerates the process of sound imitation, allows the child to pronounce the initial sounds and syllables. Musical-rhythmic is based on the combination of sounds with movements, which leads to the improvement of children's motor skills. It helps to develop small and large motor skills, rhythm and coordination abilities during tasks. Key words: hearing, speech, game, music, exercise, child
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Kuchina, Tayjana G. "«FILLING IN THE GAP BETWEEN SOUND AND WORD»: ACOUSTIC IMAGE-MAKING IN B. AKHMADULINA’S LYRICAL POETRY." Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin 22, no. 3 (2020): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2499-9679-2020-3-22-60-66.
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The article analyzes relations between the sound and the word in the image-bearing system of B. Akhmadulina’s lyrical poetry. Among the acoustic objects in the poetess’ works one may discover sounds of natural environmental phenomena, as those of rain, of dripping water, cock’s crowing, etc., as well as the audible strata of culture (sounds of music, singing, or gramophone play). Meaningfully, the audible natural world is often expressed by either comparing it with music, or metaphorically, associating it with human speech, or, ultimately, with a prophetic or even sacred word. Sounds of everyday life, as the click of an electric switch, or the squeak of an opening door, as a rule, lose their direct material meaning and acquire metaphorical and symbolic connotations. The acoustic background of everyday life in Akhmadulina’s lyrical contents is turned into the «speech» of ordinary objects and can be juxtaposed with the poetess’ word, the poet being responsible to endow space with a voice. Paradoxically, it cannot be achieved by music. For all the high density of Akhmadulina’s musical associations, she seldom describes them, more often than not in the majority of musical fragments there appears «the silent movie effect», when acoustic means of the performed music is represented via its visual analogs, while musical instruments are needed only metaphorically or as means of comparison. Real sounds, those that will acquire actual meaning serve as blood emphatic accents which turn into ‘bleeding speech’. It is only then that the gap between the sound and the word dies away. The process of extracting the sound is hard and almost always painful. Still, that is the only way of overcoming the existing noise which claims the word’s space, and thus saves the object from namelessness. It is only the poet’s living voice that is able to give speech its identity and credibility. It is only by extreme effort that one can give name to the existing matter. Only by saying it aloud can you come into contact with Truth.
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ANDOH, Yoshiaki, Masaki KURIHARA, Motoyuki SUZUKI, Hajime MIYASHITA, and Kohji HASEGAWA. "Analysis of bruxism sounds using the FFT analyzer." Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi (Journal of the Japanese Society of Periodontology) 28, no. 3 (1986): 825–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2329/perio.28.825.
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Chigick, Irina. "Scientific Methods Applied to Analyze the Sound Pitch." Scientific herald of Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, no. 129 (October 27, 2020): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31318/2522-4190.2020.129.219668.
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Zavadska, Galina, and Ilona Bagele. "THE SYNTHESIS OF PAINTING AND MUSIC: WASSILY KANDINSKY – ALFRED SCHNITTKE." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 4 (May 28, 2021): 727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2021vol4.6190.
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The interaction between colors and sounds, music and painting has existed long since. Throughout the centuries these two kinds of art have been developing simultaneously and in close contact with each other, besides. Composers, especially those of the 20th century, find in the sphere of painting images for their musical compositions, without trying to depict definite plot lines or specific landscape sketches. The paper analyzes a specific composition by Alfred Schnittke – Wassily Kandinsky – The Yellow Sound. Research aim: to investigate the features of musical implementation of W. Kandinsky’s ideas by Alfred Schnittke on the basis of a comparative analysis of specific compositions of both authors. Research method: a comparative analysis
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Datsyshyn, Khrystyna. "Oral speech in the professor Oleksandra Serbenska’s scientific concept." Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals, no. 10(28) (January 2020): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2020-10(28)-14.
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The article analyzes the concept of oral speech, set out in the works of Ukrainian linguist Oleksandra Serbenska. Emphasizing the primacy of oral speech, professor O. Serbenska analyzes the live word in the context of socio-ecology, language culture, communication and linguophilosophy. She explores the sources of melodiousness of the Ukrainian language, studies the phenomenon of voice. Serbenska emphasizes an importance of preserving and nurturing authentic Ukrainian oral speech as a spirit of the people, its history and culture. The scholar tries to find origins of various phenomena of spiritual life of the people and an individual in the oral speech. Serbenska’s works attract attention by their motifs to outline sound speech as a phenomenon, to immerse themselves in music that conveys us tone and rhythm of the spoken word from ancient generations. The connection between oral speech and music, between oral and print text reveals the deep essence of orality. It serves as a special way of reproducing and creating a world where tones and rhythms sound in unison with sounds and rhythms of nature and man. Orality in the Ukrainian language is immersed in the song. The melody of the Ukrainian spoken word enables to speak of melodiousness as one of its key characteristics. An instrument of oral speech is a voice. It has a mystical essence in an interpretation of many cultures; its strength is filled with deep spirituality, its tones and intonations open wide opportunities for communication in various fields, including a professional practice of journalists. O. Serbenska’s ideas give an impetus for further scientific research in this field. Keywords: Ukrainian language, oral speech, orality, melody, sound, voice, journalism.
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Vaidya, P. G., Kenton Shipley, and Casey Winkle. "Using TSC to analyze speech sounds." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 95, no. 5 (May 1994): 2817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.409713.
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Samputri, Hidayah Nur Annisa, Syaifudin Syaifudin, and Dyah Titisari. "Incubator Analyzer Menggunakan Aplikasi Android." Jurnal Teknokes 12, no. 1 (September 19, 2019): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35882/teknokes.v12i1.3.
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Incubator analyzer merupakan perangkat yang dirancang untuk mengukur kondisi-kondisi yang ada di dalam alat incubator seperti suhu, kelembaban, kebisingan, dan aliran udara. Inkubator bayi berfungsi untuk menjaga temperatur di sekitar bayi supaya tetap stabil, atau dengan kata lain dapat mempertahankan suhu bayi dalam batas tubuh normal. “Incubator Analyzer Menggunakan Bluetooth Tampil Android” ini memiliki parameter suhu menggunakan sensor DS18B20 untuk pembacaan T1, T2, T3, T4, dan T5, menggunakan sensor Thermocouple K-type untuk pembacaan Tmatras dengan range suhu yang dapat diukur 30-50°C, kebisingan menggunakan Analog sound sensor V2 dengan range 40-60 dB, kelembaban dengan range 50-90 %RH, dan air flow meter dengan range 0-0,35 m/s yang kemudian diolah oleh Arduino Atmega 328 kemudian ditampilkan pada Android, dan disimpan pada memori internal Android. Berdasarkan dari hasil pengujian pada Baby Incubator dengan suhu setting 340C dan 360C, didapatkan nilai error terbesar 7,3138% untuk pembacaan sensor suhu dan nilai error terbesar 8,8403% untuk pembacaan sensor kebisingan. Setelah melakukan proses studi literature, perencanaan, percobaan, pembuatan modul, pengujian alat, dan pendataan, secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa alat ‘Incubator Analyzer menggunakan Bluetooth Tampil Android’ dapat digunakan dan sesuai dengan perencanaan.
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Kumar, Shashi, Naveen Ganta, and Yogesh G. Bhumkar. "Effects of periodic suction-blowing excitation on the aerodynamic sound generated by a laminar flow past a square cylinder using the direct numerical simulation approach." AIP Advances 12, no. 5 (May 1, 2022): 055324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0096914.
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This paper analyzes the effects of a periodic suction-blowing excitation on the aerodynamic sound generated by a laminar flow past a square cylinder using the direct numerical simulation approach. The periodic suction-blowing excitation has been prescribed on the top and bottom surfaces of the square cylinder. The proper orthogonal mode decomposition ( POD) technique has been used to find information about important modes associated with disturbance pressure fields. The POD technique separated the contribution of the dominant lift dipole equivalent sources and the drag dipole equivalent sources to the disturbance pressure field for the no-excitation case. The POD technique also revealed that the periodic suction-blowing excitation introduced an additional monopole equivalent sound source and a drag dipole equivalent sound source due to periodic enhancement and reduction of the body’s effective cross-sectional area. Modifications in the sound field due to changes in excitation amplitude, forcing frequency, and the phase delay between the excitation and vortex shedding process have been studied in detail. Although no significant changes in the flow field were noticed due to a small amplitude of excitation, the directivity of the sound field was significantly altered. The sound fields have been classified into five distinct zones for different periodic suction-blowing excitation frequencies. The beats of sounds were noted when the forcing frequency of excitation and the Strouhal frequency associated with vortex shedding were sufficiently close. It is observed that the in-phase excitation in which either blowing or suction is applied on both surfaces of a cylinder at a particular instant introduces a significant bias in the sound field directivity. The interaction between the lift dipole equivalent sources due to vortex shedding and the monopole and the drag dipole equivalent sources due to excitation introduces a bias in the sound field directivity. As a result, a dominant sound field is observed either in the top-left or in the bottom-left parts of the domain.
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Zatorre, Robert. "How do our brains analyze temporal structure in sound?" Nature Neuroscience 1, no. 5 (September 1998): 343–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1551.
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Tang, Binhua, Xihan Wang, and Victor X. Jin. "COPAR: A ChIP-Seq Optimal Peak Analyzer." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5346793.
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Sequencing data quality and peak alignment efficiency of ChIP-sequencing profiles are directly related to the reliability and reproducibility of NGS experiments. Till now, there is no tool specifically designed for optimal peak alignment estimation and quality-related genomic feature extraction for ChIP-sequencing profiles. We developed open-sourced COPAR, a user-friendly package, to statistically investigate, quantify, and visualize the optimal peak alignment and inherent genomic features using ChIP-seq data from NGS experiments. It provides a versatile perspective for biologists to perform quality-check for high-throughput experiments and optimize their experiment design. The package COPAR can process mapped ChIP-seq read file in BED format and output statistically sound results for multiple high-throughput experiments. Together with three public ChIP-seq data sets verified with the developed package, we have deposited COPAR on GitHub under a GNU GPL license.