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1
Kugler, Petra. "Coordinating innovation : evidence form open source software development /." [St. Gallen] : [s.n.], 2005. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00142393.pdf.
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Benkeltoum, Nordine. "Les régimes de l'open source : solidarité, innovation et modèles d'affaires." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00467849.
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L'open source a provoqué de profondes mutations industrielles. L'ampleur et l'intensité de ce phénomène exige une révision conceptuelle de bon nombre d'objets en sciences de gestion. Cette thèse aborde l'étude de l'impact des logiciels libres et synthétise les principaux enjeux de leur diffusion. Nous montrons tout d'abord que le modèle racine à l'origine du premier logiciel libre est issu de la combinaison inédite entre un système de solidarité et un processus de production distribué. Ensuite, nous décrivons les nouvelles interactions entre l'activité marchande et non-marchande donnant naissance à des formes organisationnelles originales et inédites. Puis, nous détaillons la manière dont ces logiciels sont utilisés comme composants génériques par des groupes industriels dans le but de générer de la valeur. Nous décrivons également d'autres stratégies consistant à utiliser divers mécanismes technologiques afin de contourner les règles des licences. Enfin, nous suggérons que les innovations créées par les organisations de l'open source visent principalement à combler les défaillances du système marchand.
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Willey, Richard Ellert 1966. "Many is beautiful : commoditization as a source of disruptive innovation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16990.
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Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 44-45).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
The expression "disruptive technology" is now firmly embedded in the modern business lexicon. The mental model summarized by this concise phrase has great explanatory power for ex-post analysis of many revolutionary changes in business. Unfortunately, this paradigm can rarely be applied prescriptively. The classic formulation of a "disruptive technology" sheds little light on potential sources of innovation. This thesis seeks to extend this analysis by suggesting that many important disruptive technologies arise from commodities. The sudden availability of a high performance factor input at a low price often enables innovation in adjacent market segments. The thesis suggests main five reasons that commodities spur innovation: ** The emergence of a commodity collapses competition to the single dimension of price. Sudden changes in factor prices create new opportunities for supply driven innovation. Low prices enable innovators to substitute quantity for quality. ** The price / performance curve of a commodity creates an attractor that promotes demand aggregation. ** Commodities emerge after the establishment of a dominant design. Commodities have defined and stable interfaces. Well developed tool sets and experienced developer communities are available to work with commodities, decreasing the price of experimentation. ** Distributed architectures based on large number of simple, redundant components offer more predictable performance. Systems based on a small number of high performance components will have a higher standard deviation for uptime than high granularity systems based on large numbers of low power components. ** Distributed architectures are much more flexible than low granularity systems. Large integrated facilities often provide cost advantages when operating at the Minimum Efficient Scale of production. However, distributed architectures that can efficiently change production levels over time may be a superior solution based on the ability to adapt to changing market demand patterns. The evolution of third generation bus architectures in personal computers provides a comprehensive example of commodity based disruption, incorporating all five forces.
by Richard Ellert Willey.
S.M.M.O.T.
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Mühlenhoff, Judith [Verfasser], and Katharina [Akademischer Betreuer] Hölzle. "Culture-driven innovation : acknowledging culture as a knowledge source for innovation / Judith Mühlenhoff ; Betreuer: Katharina Hölzle." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2017. http://d-nb.info/121840177X/34.
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Sjöberg, Tobias. "THE FORGOTTEN SOURCE : EMPLOYEES AS A SOURCE OF CUSTOMER INSIGHTS." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-171995.
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The service economy is flourishing and due to high competition, manufacturers are turning to service innovation as way to distinguish and meet their customers increasing and changing demands. Service design and an increased utilization of employees are seen as way of improving the innovative capabilities. The aim of this thesis is to explore in a manufacturing company undergoing servitization, what is the role of front-line-employees (FLE) for service innovation and in what ways can front-line-employees be leveraged to enhance a firm’s service innovation capability? To do so, a hermeneutical research approach was adopted to interpret both FLEs collective customer understanding and the strategic view from management and service design within a company. Results reveal an encountered complexity and unstructured development of customer knowledge through long ongoing relations where the continuous identification of customer needs is a unformalized process and FLEs are relying on experience and tacit knowledge to do so. The study identifies FLEs as a resource to innovation, with aggregated customer knowledge, product knowledge and practice knowledge and are mainly contributing as a supporting actor in the innovation process. The study makes a contribution by emphasizing the needed support to empower FLEs as contributors to service innovation. Service design tools and techniques are a suggested way to provide structure and formalization in the involvement of FLEs into the innovation process. Future studies should aim to validate and explore the suggestions further through a comprehensive study of the inter-organizational customer knowledge creation and dissemination and its effect on service innovation.
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Zakharova, Maria, and Tim Kruisman. "Shop employees as a source of innovation : A study of Dutch franchise retail organizations." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-21569.
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Background: These days in uncertain circumstances and economic downturn, innovation is very important for organizations. This applies also on Dutch franchise retail organizations (DFRO’s) and its suppliers, which are in focus in this thesis. The authors argue that shop employees working in the physical shops are a valuable source of innovation and can function as a pass-through of consumer information to the management of a DFRO and its suppliers.The main question is, if and how DFRO’s and its supplier use shop employees as a source of innovation? Purpose: To describe and explore the involvement of shop employees in the innovation process of Dutch franchise retail organizations and its suppliers; and to find out possible advantages and disadvantages of shop employees’ involvement in the innovation processes, and directions of innovation in which shop employees are involved. Method: This thesis is written from a social constructivism perspective with the use of a deductive approach. A holistic multiple case-study of eight Dutch franchise retail organizations was applied by using qualitative method. To collect the empirical data 23 semi-structured interviews with shop employees were conducted in combination with several observations. The collected empirical data was analyzed by using cross-case synthesis method. The research quality is based upon trustworthiness and authenticity. Results and conclusions: The highest degree of involvement of the shop employees in the innovation process by both management and suppliers takes place in the last three stages of the innovation process, which are validation, commercialization and evaluation, in offer- and support-related directions of innovations. In other words, the shop employees are more involved in the innovation process in their own working environment rather than in the decision-making level. The results of the study show that shop employees are willing to be more involved in the innovation process and see more advantages than disadvantages for management, suppliers and themselves. Suggestions for future research: Since this thesis gives interesting results, the future research could be done to strengthen and expand those. The authors suggest to increase the amount of researched DFRO’s; to research multiple shop locations of the same DFRO; to take the position, responsibilities and working period of the shop employees more into consideration. Also the authors see a necessity of future research to confirm the mentioned possible disadvantages and advantages of shop employees’ involvement out of a different perspective.
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Radó, i. Trilla Núria 1985. "Low-complexity regions in proteins as a source of evolutionary innovation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/113603.
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In this thesis we aimed to study evolutionary implications of low-complexity
regions, protein sequences of very simple amino acid composition. Its
uncontrolled expansion causes several human diseases, including Huntington’s
disease and other neurodegenerative and developmental diseases.
However, they are surprisingly abundant in proteins, which seem paradoxical
given their high pathogenic potential. Moreover, experimental data has
shown that the formation of novel LCRs, or the modification of existing ones,
can have functional consequences.
First we wanted to perform a descriptive analysis of low-complexity regions
in chordates focusing on lineage and age related features of LCR evolution.
Second, we want to assess why low-complexity regions are so common in
eukaryotic proteins. Two hypotheses have been proposed: on one hand, they
may be an important source of genetic variability and might be involved in
adaptive processes. To investigate whether LCRs are important players in
the acquisition of novel functions, we examined transcription factor gene
duplicates. On the other hand, low-complexity regions may also contribute
to the formation of novel coding sequences, facilitating the generation of
novel protein functions. We have tested this hypothesis by examining the
content of low-complexity sequences in proteins of different age. Both
analysis let us to conclude that low-complexity regions may be involved in
protein diversification, either providing new functional sequences that will
modify existing proteins or being involved in the formation of novel protein
coding sequences.L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és estudiar les implicacions evolutives de les regions de baixa complexitat (LCRs, en anglès), seqüències de proteïnes amb una composició d'aminoàcids molt simple. La seva expansió incontrolada causa diverses malalties humanes, incloent la malaltia de Huntington i altres malalties neurodegeneratives i del desenvolupament. No obstant això, són sorprenentment abundants en les proteïnes, cosa que pot semblar paradoxal, donat el seu potencial patogènic. A més, estudis experimentals han demostrat que la formació de noves LCRs, o la modificació de les ja existents, pot tenir conseqüències funcionals. En primer lloc hem volgut fer una anàlisi descriptiva de les regions de baixa complexitat en cordats, incidint en les característiques relacionades amb el llinatge i l'edat de les LCRs des d'un punt de vista evolutiu. En segon lloc, hem volgut avaluar per què les LCRs són tan freqüents en les proteïnes d'eucariotes. S'han proposat dues hipòtesis: d'una banda, poden ser una important font de variabilitat genètica i podrien estar implicades en processos d'adaptació. Per tal d'investigar si les LCRs juguen un paper important en L'adquisició de noves funcions, hem examinat factors de transcripció que han patit una duplicació o. D'altra banda, les regions de baixa complexitat també poden contribuir a la formació de noves seqüències codificants, facilitant la generació de funcions noves de les proteïnes. Per comprovar aquesta hipòtesi, hem examinat el contingut de les seqüències de baixa complexitat en proteïnes d'edats diferents. Les dues anàlisis permeten concloure que les regions de baixa complexitat poden estar involucrades en la diversificació de les proteïnes, ja sigui proporcionant noves seqüències funcionals que modifiquen les proteïnes existents o participant en la formació de noves seqüències codificants de proteïnes.
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WIBERG, WILLIAM, and JOHAN HALLGREN. "Open Source Hardware : A case study of userdeveloped derivatives." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189230.
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Open Source Hardware (OSHW) is a concept where hardware designs are shared for everyone to use, modify and build upon. This have become a widespread phenomenon in the microcontroller industry and created an ecosystem where users and companies produce various “derivatives” or alternative designs based on existing OSHW. This research explores this phenomenon of derivative development between users and producers and how this affects innovation, by exploring three case studies of user developed derivatives and interviews with producers and various people with OSHW background. This thesis found that this ecosystem to be dependent on Open Source and leverages the interest of users motivation to innovate and producer support. Furthermore, eight different factor were discovered that derivative development affecting innovation. (1) Openness & Transparency allows the user to innovate without fearing consequences of IP infringement and establishing trust. The transparency also increases the chances for the users to become innovators, as it facilitates the understanding of products, through the documentations and information sharing. (2) Support from producers facilitates users’ ability to design and innovate and was found crucial for the emergence of derivative designs. (3) Amplified Motivation through personal interest has a high impact in the innovation of open microcontrollers. (4) Market diffusion through low-cost ways of sharing and diffusing designs. (5) Market expansion increasing the number of derivative development can affect the resources used by producers in their development process. (6) Product improvements are affected, because of the vast feedback provided by the community, which can lead to through the discovery of usage in fields, product functionality. This increases the quality of the product and allows OSHW producers to stay competitive. (7) Collaboration can affect innovation by the collaborations with derivative projects and businesses. (8) Brand and Marketing is affecting by the number of users that use producers’ products for user-innovators development of derivative designs.
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Henkel, Joachim. "Offene Innovationsprozesse die kommerzielle Entwicklung von Open-Source-Software /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2007. http://sfx.metabib.ch:9003/sfx_locater?sid=ALEPH:DSV01&genre=book&isbn=978-3-8350-0978-3&id=doi:10.1007/978-3-8350-5497-4.
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Thomas, Laetitia. "Les business modèles de l'open source hardware." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAG006.
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Pour préserver leur modèle économique, les entreprises ont longtemps protégé leurs processus d’innovation par des brevets. L’« open source hardware » est, au contraire, un processus collaboratif de développement de produits, où les plans de conception et « secrets » de fabrication sont accessibles à tous. La barrière entre concepteurs et consommateurs s’estompe, grâce aux outils de fabrication digitale, comme les imprimantes 3D ou les découpeuses lasers accessibles via des Fab Labs ou des Maker Spaces permettant aux citoyens de créer et de tester des produits beaucoup plus facilement. Partant d’un phénomène isolé, il existe maintenant 1200 Fab Labs dans 100 différents pays organisés en réseau, « the Fab City Network », dont le but est d’aider les villes à produire 50% des ressources qu’elles consomment d’ici quarante ans.Dans ce contexte, construire un drone pour dépolluer les océans, une ruche connectée, ou un filtre à eau en « Open Source Hardware » (OSH) vise à créer des solutions de manière plus rapide, efficace et à moindre coût. De plus, ces innovations sont gardées volontairement libres de droit. Elles constituent un « bien commun digital », une réserve de connaissances disponible sur Internet via des plateformes numériques. Selon Elinor Ostrom, qui a reçu le prix Nobel d’économie en 2009 « le défi de la génération actuelle est de garder les voies d’accès aux connaissances ouvertes ». Sans atteindre le succès des initiatives en Open Source dans le secteur des logiciels informatiques, ces initiatives n’ont cessé de se propager.Or, comment développer un modèle économique durable avec des innovations qui ont été co-construites et sont partageables par tous ? Nos questions de recherche sont les suivantes : 1) comment rentabiliser la création de valeur produite en OSH ? ; 2) comment étendre cette création de valeur à un ensemble de parties prenantes ? 3) dans le contexte de l’OSH quels sont les facteurs d’adhésions autour de ces modèles économiques ?L’OSH ne s'agit pas d'un phénomène propre à un seul secteur, entreprise ou territoire mais une transformation beaucoup plus globale. Pour chercher à comprendre les conditions nécessaires à la survie et à la montée en puissance de ce phénomène, nous avons mené une étude qualitative multiniveaux qui nous permettait d’étudier les niveaux communautaires, d’entreprise, et d’écosystème territorial, à la fois.La collection de données s’est faite en trois étapes successives. Dans un premier temps, des entretiens qualitatifs ont été menés auprès de vingt-trois initiatives issues de « l’Observatoire de l’Open Source Hardware ». Celles-ci devaient, bien entendu, correspondre à nos critères de recherche, à savoir le développement de produits mécatroniques ou textiles complexes et étiquetés ouverts par leur communauté. Puis, nous avons mené une étude de cas sur quatre acteurs du secteur automobile pour étudier leur réaction face à l’OSH issu de communautés d’innovation. L’étape finale consistait à mener une étude empirique sur les acteurs dans l’écosystème d’innovation d’OSH de la ville de Barcelone, choisie pour son rôle pivot dans le réseau des « Fab Cities ».Nos résultats montrent que ces initiatives sont fortement axées sur des valeurs démocratiques visant à mettre la technologie au service de l’humain. Cet ensemble inhabituel de valeurs constitue un puissant vecteur pour fédérer les acteurs, alors que le succès est mitigé au sein d’entreprises qui n'y adhèrent pas et appréhendent davantage les risques. Enfin, nous avons identifié une diversité de revenus possibles et configurables selon les besoins stratégiques d’une organisation : 1) le financement externe ; 2) la combinaison de produits et de services ; 3) les compétences stratégiques de l’organisation ; 4) le modèle plateforme ; et 5) et l’entreprise distribuée. Ensemble, ils permettent à une initiative en OSH de progressivement affiner son business model, accroître sa valeur, et augmenter sa portéeTo preserve their business model, companies have long protected their innovation processes with patents. « Open source hardware » (OSH) is, on the contrary, a collaborative product development process, where design plans and manufacturing "secrets" are accessible to all. The lines between creators and consumers blur more and more, especially when, for example, digital fabrication tools such as 3D printers or laser cutters accessible via Fab Labs or Maker Spaces, enable citizens to create and test products much more easily. Starting from an isolated phenomenon, there are now 1200 Fab Labs in 100 different countries organized in a "Fab City Network", to help cities produce within forty years 50% of the resources they consume.In this context, building a drone to depollute oceans, connected beehives, or a water filter in « Open Source Hardware » (OSH) aims at creating solutions in a more rapid, efficient and inexpensive manner. Furthermore, these innovations are voluntarily kept free by law. They represent a knowledge base, a "digital common good", meaning a reserve of ideas and solutions available on the internet via numerical platforms. According to Elinor Ostrom, who received the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2009, "the challenge of the current generation is to keep the pathways to discovery open" (Hess & Ostrom, 2011). Without attaining the success of open source software initiatives, in practice, these OSH initiatives have continued to spread.But how can a sustainable economic model be developed when co-constructed innovations can be shared by all? Thus, our research questions are the following: 1) How to monetize value created through OSH? 2) How can the business model framework be extended to include value creation and sharing for all stakeholders? 3) In the context of OSH, how does a business model hold together?The OSH phenomenon is not specific to a single sector, company or territory, but is indicative of much more global transformation. To understand the conditions necessary for the survival and growth of OSH, we conducted a qualitative study on the “OSH ecosystem” that allowed us to study the community, firm and territorial ecosystems levels together.Data was collected in three successive phases. First, qualitative interviews were conducted with twenty-three initiatives from the "Open Source Hardware Observatory". These, of course, corresponded to our research criteria, that is the development of complex mechatronic or textile products labeled opened by their surrounding community. Then we conducted a case study on four actors in the automotive sector to study their reaction to OSH developed by innovation communities. The final phase consisted of running an empirical study of the actors in the OSH innovation ecosystem of the city of Barcelona, chosen for its pivotal role in the "Fab Cities" network.Our results show that these initiatives are strongly focused on democratic values aimed at putting technology at the service of humanity. While these values are a powerful vector for federating actors, success is stalled in companies that do not adhere to them. These will primarily focus on the associated risks. Finally, we identified a diversity of possible and configurable revenues to be shaped according to an organization's strategic needs: 1) external financing; 2) a combination of products and services; 3) strategic competence; 4) the model platform, and 5) the distributed enterprise. Together, they enable an OSH initiative to progressively refine its business model, grow in value, and increase its impact
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Greenway, Joy M. 1960, and Jeruld P. 1959 Weiland. "Building capacity for innovation as a source of individual and organizational fulfillment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9284.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-58).
This thesis investigates the hypothesis "Building capacity for sustainable innovation, enabled by broader employee engagement and improved capabilities, increases both employee and organizational fulfillment". A deep understanding is first built around the relationship between individual fulfillment, organizational fulfillment, and innovation. We then examine capacity building for innovation, both in the context of capability as well as broader engagement of employee's in innovation. The intellectual bases of the thesis are literature surveys based upon the work of Peter Senge, in The Fifth Discipline and The Dance of Change; the work of Sumantra Ghoshal and Christopher Bartlett in The Individualized Corporation; the work of Gary Hamel and C.K. Prahlad in Competing for the Future; the work of Clayton Christensen in The Innovator's Dilemma; as well as current professional journal publications from these authors, and other literature relevant to the topic. Further intellectual support comes from author conducted interviews with Peter Senge, Sumantra Ghoshal, and Clayton Christensen, and exchanges with Gary Hamel. Study missions to two companies who are implementing the practices described in this thesis in pockets of their organizations provide relevant and current insight into the practical aspects and challenges of innovation, capacity building, individual fulfillment, and organizational fulfillment.
by Joy M. Greenway and Jeruld P. Weiland.
M.B.A.
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Liu, Yuanwen Wayne. "The implication of open innovation and open source to mobile device manufacturers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55224.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2009.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-75).
Innovations largely contribute to a technology company's continuous survival and its competitiveness in the market place. Traditionally most companies employed closed innovation model. They kept their discoveries or inventions highly secret and made no attempt to assimilate information from outside. This model worked well until 1990s when advances in technology and society had facilitated information diffusion dramatically. Mobile industry, as one of the most rapidly changing industries, is also forced to adopt the open innovation model in various forms. Recently announced Android platform caused a big stir in the industry. The gradual shift from closeness to openness is inevitable in this industry. A good example of Open Innovation is the open source software development that has been studied extensively. This study further examines the open innovation model beyond software development, i.e. open innovation in hardware and embedded system development. Lessons are learned through case studies of software, hardware and embedded system related business practice. Recommendations are given to Mobile industry, specifically the cell phone handset industry accordingly. This study will not focus on a specific platform or the user side.
by Yuanwen Wayne Liu.
S.M.
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Harison, Elad. "Intellectual property rights, innovation and software technologies : the economics of monopoly rights and knowledge disclosure /." Cheltenham : E. Elgar, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9781847205827.
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Bugmann, Zeno. "Analyse von Open-Innovation-Strategien in Unternehmen unter Berücksichtigung des Open-Source-Konzeptes." St. Gallen, 2006. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/98613375001/$FILE/98613375001.pdf.
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Bonnet, Marcia Cristina Leao. "The transient form : source, reflection and innovation in the woodcarving of Portuguese America." Thesis, University of Essex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327092.
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Bilen, Celal Can, and Zahra Alavizadeh. "Open Source Strategy: A Change of Perception through the Lens of Innovation : The Case of Open Source Software (OSS) in Sweden." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-14801.
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Open Source Software has been all about myths until recently, with many people believing that open source isn't reliable because the open source projects are held by a small group of amateurs in their friend's garage. Such myths have been refuted with the emerging success and increased popularity of open source, but still many considered open source and proprietary software to be enemies, which can never co-exist in the corporate platform. As a result, some firms have decided to stick to their tradition of commercial software development, while new firms, which base their corporate strategy solely on open source, have emerged. The former group of firms has suffered from losing time and money in fixing the errors and bugs in the software, whereas the latter group has found difficulties in finding financial support and market share in competition among the former group. Neither group has found absolute success in their business, as result a compromise model has emerged in the software industry, which resulted in a third group of firms that work neither with pure open source model nor with pure proprietary models, but instead with “hybrid” business models which allows integration of these so-called two enemies. Such firms have overcome the pitfalls of both approaches, while combining the benefits of them. The growing success of open-source integration attracted further public attention on the potential importance of open-source software (OSS). Indeed, major large commercial IT companies have started to integrate open-source software into their core strategies. Despite the widespread doubts and resistance during the early stages of open source revolution, there has recently been a “change of perception” in the software development industry towards incorporating open source strategies into their business models. This master thesis investigates the open source software scene in Sweden by examining Swedish firms that develop software products either based on open source components (hybrid model) or just open source products (pure open source model). After analyzing the market based on the business models of these firms, further details of the open source strategies pursued by these firms have been analyzed. Our study then finalizes the investigation with an analysis of the open source development scene in Sweden, which we use to determine the characteristics of the software industry in Sweden. Our conclusions reveal that open source strategy shares most of its components with innovation strategy (with some components found to be specific to open source strategy only), confirming the link between open source software and innovation. Therefore, firms that work with open source software have to pay attention to innovation and form an appropriate innovation and open source strategy if they want to be successful in the software industry.
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Heublein, Alexander M. "Open Source In The Clouds - How Organizational Ambidexterity Shapes and is Shaped by Disruptive Innovation in an Open Source Software Provider." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/bus_admin_diss/2.
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How do incumbent firms effectively respond to disruptive innovations? The extant literature shows that incumbent firms, while often excelling at incremental innovation, usually fare poorly in the face of disruptive innovation. Even firms that have been the direct beneficiaries of disruptive innovations in the past can fall prey to more agile competitors during these periods of upheaval. Organizational Ambidexterity – the idea of striking the right balance between the exploitation of existing resources and the exploration of new capabilities – can be used as a theoretical framework to investigate how firms adapt and change in the face of disruptive innovation. In this study, we use ambidexterity as a lens to study Red Hat, a leader in Open Source Software, during the company’s transition through a period of disruptive innovation – namely Cloud Computing. The study reveals a number of interesting insights. The first is that the nature of the disruptive innovation itself shaped Red Hat’s organizational response. The second is that Red Hat demonstrated a high level of contextual ambidexterity in its response which, in turn, led Red Hat to selectively adopt structural ambidexterity principles. The third is that Red Hat’s history as a successful Open Source Software company enabled it to implicitly become ambidextrous by adopting and implementing key Open Source cultural values. In conclusion we discuss the implications of these findings for theory and practice.
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Bretagne, Valérie. "Les Ateliers d'insertion par la pratique artistique (Adipa) : entre instrument d'insertion traditionnelle et source d'innovation sociale." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NAN21014/document.
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La thèse porte sur l'intervention d'artistes dans les ateliers d'insertion sociale. Un ancrage théorique interactionniste permet de montrer en quoi le modèle traditionnel de l'insertion est déstabilisé par la présence d'artistes. Le matériau recueilli est d'ordre qualitatif. Les acteurs interrogés rassemblent des tribunitiens (porteurs de changement), des ambivalents (oscillant entre tradition et innovation) et des conservateurs (s'opposant au changement). La première partie montre en quoi les tribunitiens perturbent les valeurs et les normes de l'insertion traditionnelle. La seconde partie montre en quoi ils perturbent les pratiques et les modes de conduite. La troisième partie se centre sur le type d'innovation proposé par les porteurs du changement. Tandis que les ambivalents proposent le développement d'une insertion culturelle perçue comme un nouveau sas, les tribunitiens proposent l'émergence d'une insertion citoyenne. Mais si cette dernière proposition ouvre des alternatives à la statique du système, elle est aussi porteuse d'une forme utopique qui, si elle passait à l'état de pratique sociale légitime, pourrait renforcer le processus de marginalisation des bénéficiaires de l'aide socialeThe thesis relates to the intervention of artists in the workshops of social integration. A theoretical anchoring interactionnist makes it possible to show in what the traditional model of insertion is destabilized by the presence of artists. The material collected is of a qualitative nature. The questioned actors gather tribunitiens (carrying change), the ambivalents (oscillating between tradition and innovation) and of the conservatives (being opposed to the change). The first part shows in what the tribunitiens disturb the values and the standards of traditional insertion. The second part shows in what they disturb the practices and the modes of control. The third part is centered on the type of innovation proposed by the carriers of the change. While the ambivalent ones propose the development of a cultural insertion perceived like a new hopper, the tribunitiens propose the emergence of a citizen insertion. But if this last proposal opens alternatives to the statics of the system, it is also carrying a utopian form which, if it passed in a state of social practice legitimate, could reinforce the process of marginalisation of the recipients of the social assistance
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Wohlgezogen, Franz. "The Ivory Tower and the Bazaar Knowledge sharing and knowledge creation in higher education through open source communities /." St. Gallen, 2006. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/04609103001/$FILE/04609103001.pdf.
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Zeroukhi, Mourad. "Modèles de Concurrence et de Coopération entre les logiciels Open Source et Propriétaire." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10014.
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Cette thèse analyse comment le logiciel open source, par son existence et ses caractéristiques, affecte les comportements des firmes propriétaires sur le marchés des logiciels et étudie dans quelles conditions les politiques publiques de soutien des logiciels open source sont-elles profitables pour le bien-être social. Elle comporte trois essais théoriques, portant chacun sur un aspect spécifique de cette problématique. Le premier essai étudie les incitations des firmes à coopérer avec la communauté open source en fonction de leur niveau d'asymétrie et examine comment les décisions de l'open source affectent les incitations à innover et le bien-être social. Dans le deuxième essai, on montre comment le comportement stratégique d'une firme propriétaire est affecté par la présence d'une communauté open source sous les conditions d'hétérogénéité des usagers et des programmeurs et en présence du forking. On montre également sous quelles conditions l'intervention publique en faveur de la communauté open source affecte positivement le bien être social. Enfin, le troisième essai examine l'impact sur le surplus des usagers et du bien-être social de la subvention publique au logiciel open source lorsque les usagers sur le marché sont hétérogènes par leur niveau d'expertiseThis thesis analyzes how open source software, by its existence and its characteristics, affects the behaviour of firms in the proprietary software market and examines the conditions under which public policies supporting open source software they are beneficial to social welfare. It contains three theoretical essays, each covering a specific aspect of this problem. The first essay explores the incentives of firms to cooperate with the open source community based on their level of asymmetry and examines how the decisions of open source affect incentives to innovate and social welfare. In the second essay, we show how the strategic behaviour of a firm is affected by the presence of an open source community under conditions of heterogeneity of users and programmers and in the presence of forking. We also show under what conditions government intervention in favour of the open source community is beneficial to social welfare. Lastly, the third essay examines the impact on the surplus of the users and the social welfare of the public subsidies to the open source software when the users on the market are heterogeneous by their level of expertise
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Matthies, Holger. "Übertragung von Elementen der Open-Source-Softwareentwicklung auf Outside-In-Innovationen." St. Gallen, 2004. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01652379001/$FILE/01652379001.pdf.
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Ozaygen, Altay S. "Diffusion Of Free And Open Source Software As Innovation: A Case Study Of Metu." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605716/index.pdf.
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In this thesis, the diffusion of free and open source software (FOSS) on desktop PCs at Middle East Technical University in Ankara (METU) is investigated within the framework of the diffusion of innovation theory. This thesis aims to propose some policies for the migration to FOSS on desktop PCs at METU. The research is conducted through two similar web-based surveys. The first survey was held during 27-28 September 2003 after the examination of exemption for the IS100 course. The second survey was held between 23 March and 24 May 2004 in the whole of the METU campus. This survey was open to all students and academic and non-academic staff with a METU network account. There were 402 participants in the first survey and 1224 in the second. As expected, Microsoft OS rules the desktop PCs within the METU campus. According to the surveys, there is a rather large PC user base which could potentially migrate to GNU/Linux system. In addition to a large amount of data, it has been found out that a migration to FOSS is welcomed greatly by the users if the process is explained on the basis of public economic gains. However personal migration is still difficult if the user is left alone to install any new OS. Activities which will eventually increase the awareness for FOSS at METU, change in the curriculum of the IS100 course, collaboration among METU FOSS users and creation of a software catalog with possible FOSS equivalent for METU courses are some of the propositions which will eventually help the migration process. Furthermore, different innovation-decision models are discussed based on the research findings.
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Özaygen, Altay Ş Supervisor :. Geray Haluk. "Diffusion of free and open source software as innovation : a case study of Metu." Ankara : METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605716/index.pdf.
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Gastrow, M. "Open innovation in South Africa : case studies in nanotechnology, biotechnology, and open source software development." Journal for New Generation Sciences, Vol 9, Issue 1: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/578.
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Published ArticleIn the era of open innovation, the capability to conduct collaborative research and development has become a key indicator of absorptive capacity and innovation competitiveness. However, the literature addressing open innovation has a focus on developed economies. New evidence from the South African National R&D Survey, together with supplementary data, make it possible to gain a greater understanding of the structure of open innovation in nanotechnology, biotechnology and open source software in the South African context. Findings from a comparative analysis include: the identification of collaboration-intensive R&D networks whose structures are influenced by the characteristics of each technological platform; linkages between localized innovation networks and global innovation networks; and distinct patterns of expenditure, sectoral distribution and geographical location characterizing each of these technologies. The paper concludes with some suggestions for policy applications for these findings as well as directions for further research.
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Franke, Nikolaus, and Hippel Eric von. "Satisfying Heterogeneous User Needs via Innovation Toolkits: The Case of Apache Security Software." Elsevier, 2003. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3094/1/apache.pdf.
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User needs for a given product type can be quite heterogeneous. Segmenting the market and providing solutions for average user needs in each segment is a partial answer that will typically leave many dissatisfied - some seriously so. We hypothesize that providing users with "toolkits for user innovation" to enable them to more easily design customized products for themselves will increase user satisfaction under these conditions.
We test this hypothesis via an empirical study of Apache security software - "open source" software that is designed to be modifiable by skilled users. We find that heterogeneity of need is high, and that many Apache users are dissatisfied with standard security functionality on offer. We also find that users creating their own software modifications are significantly more satisfied than are non-innovating users. We conclude by suggesting that the "toolkits for user innovation" approach to enhancing user satisfaction might be generally applicable to markets characterized by heterogeneous user needs. (authors' abstract)
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Wiles, Donald R. "Reengineering best value source selection through process innovation and the selected application of information technology." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401718.
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Thesis (M.S. in Contract Management) Naval Postgraduate School, December 2001."December 2001". Thesis advisor(s): Nissen, Mark E. ; Selby, Richard P. Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-157). Also available online.
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Shah, Sonali K. 1974. "Community-based innovation & product development : finding from open source software and consumer sporting goods." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8004.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 209-219).
Academics and practitioners have long been interested in understanding the sources and causes of innovative activity and the relationship between innovation and industrial change. Existing theory assumes innovative activity to be the domain of firms and research institutions, and commercial activity to be the domain of firms and entrepreneurially-minded individuals. Work in this tradition finds it difficult to explain the emergence of new fields and technological trajectories. This thesis suggests and provides evidence for the idea that social activity may precede and heavily influence both firm and market formation via the innovative activities that take place within user "communities." "Communities" are composed of loosely-affiliated individuals with common interests. They are characterized by a lack of formal coordination and the free flow of information. These characteristics allow for rich information and feedback and the matching of problems with individuals who possess the ideas and means to solve them. Due to the varied skills and needs of the individuals involved, user communities are well-equipped to identify and solve a wide range of design problems. The "many hands" of communities act as an innovation development and selection process operating largely independent of the visible hands of firms and the invisible hand of markets. Each essay in the thesis investigates the impact of community-based innovation and product development process on a different level. Essay 1 discusses the impact of user-innovators and their communities on firm and industry formation; Essay 2 examines the inner-workings of four formally-organized communities; Essays 3 and 4 discuss the individual-level motivations that drive community participation. Evidence is drawn from three unique data sets in the fields of commercial sports equipment and software.
by Sonali K. Shah.
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Sarma, Meera. "Innovation in hacker communities : structure and knowledge in the process of developing open source software." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538780.
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Spiller, Marc. "EU water policy : pollution source control by water companies in England and Wales." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2010. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4586.
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Water management is undergoing a transformation towards integration, source control and ecological thinking. In the EU, the Water Framework Directive can be considered as a driver towards this new approach to water management. Innovations are deemed necessary to deliver this ideal of water management. In this thesis efforts by water sewerage companies in England & Wales to rectify agricultural pollution at source are viewed as an organisational innovation towards more sustainable water management. These source control interventions can help achieving the goals of the Water Framework Directive by reducing diffuse pollution from agriculture, fostering participation in water management and by reducing overall cost of implementation. This thesis contributes to understanding the process of change in water management by developing a model of the innovation-decision process. Insights about how innovation and therefore change can be influenced is generated by applying this model to the process of source control intervention adoption by water and sewerage companies. This research employed a flexible research design using comparative case studies. Each of the 10 water and sewerage companies in England and Wales represented an individual case. Data were collected in two phases using semi-structured interviews with selected water and sewerage company representatives. Thematic analysis, recurrence counts and content analysis were applied to analyse interviews. It was found that water companies are likely to contribute towards integrated approaches to water management, since there is a trend to adopt source control intervention. Change in water management is influenced by the interaction of factors from the domains: ‗Natural-Physical‘, ‗Organisational Characteristics‘, ‗Regulatory- Institutional‘ and ‗Innovation Attributes‘. The rate of change by water and sewerage companies is governed by a combination of asset characteristics, environmental state changes and the funding cycle. Furthermore, innovation is triggered by direct regulation and regulation that requires the gathering of information. Contrary to this flexible or framework regulation performs better in guiding the direction of change.
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Zeini, Sam, Nils Malzahn, and H. Ulrich Hoppe. "Entstehung von Innovationen in Open-Source-Netzwerken am Beispiel von Open Simulator." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-141898.
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Slim, épouse Kilani Hekma. "Le nouveau consommateur : une source d'enrichissement aux entreprises pour le développement de nouveaux produits ou services ?" Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA131004.
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La présente thèse s’est intéressée à la modélisation de la co-création de produit et de service dans un contexte de collaboration des entreprises et des consommateurs.Dans le processus d’innovation, le modèle démontre l’intérêt de la prise en compte des 11 variables facilitatrices. Notamment, la gestion des connaissances et les catégories de consommateurs. Après un état de l’art sur la littérature, une phase qualitative a permis d’enrichir le cadre théorique et une expérimentation a été mise en oeuvre auprès de 230 entreprises innovantes. L’analyse quantitative des données a permis la validation du modèle. 20 hypothèses ont été testées dont 16 ont été validées, permettant ainsi de démontrer que la co-création avec les consommateurs permet pour les entreprises un enrichissement du processus d’innovation. L’ensemble des composantes du modèle permettent un apport pour le management et des pistes de recherche pour les entreprises innovantesThe present thesis was interested in the modeling of the co-creation of product and the service in a context of collaboration of companies and consumers. In the process of innovation, the model demonstrates the importance of taking into account 11 variables facilitators. In particular, the knowledge management and the categories of consumers. After a state of the art on the literature, a qualitative phase allowed to enrich the theretical framework experiment was implemented with 230 innovative companies. The quantitative analysis of the data allowed the validation of the model. 20 hypotheses were tested of which 16 have been completed, so allowing to demonstrate that the co-creation with the consumers allows for companies an enrichment of the process of innovation. All the components of the model allows a contribution for the management and the avenues of research for the innovative companies
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Zeini, Sam, Nils Malzahn, and H. Ulrich Hoppe. "Entstehung von Innovationen in Open-Source-Netzwerken am Beispiel von Open Simulator." Technische Universität Dresden, 2009. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27996.
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FERNANDES, ROSANA LACERDA COELHO. "MARBLE AND GRANITE CLUSTER OF CACHOEIRO DE ITAPEMIRIM: LEARNING BY INTERACTING AS A SOURCE OF INNOVATION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2006. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=8181@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORCom o declínio do sistema de produção em massa, o qual tinha um foco predominante nas grandes empresas, houve um redesenho das forças produtivas com tendências a uma estrutura que passou a favorecer as pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs), principalmente quando atuam de forma conjunta em aglomerações industriais e não isoladamente. Assim, foram surgindo, a partir dos anos 90, vários estudos apontando os chamados Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs) como uma forma de possibilitar a inserção competitiva das PMEs na economia moderna. Alguns pesquisadores consideram que as PMEs, quando inseridas nessas aglomerações, podem desenvolver uma dinâmica de aprendizado que leva a um processo de aquisição de conhecimentos. O aprendizado por interação, em particular, é apresentado como o principal responsável pela geração de inovações em PMEs. Dessa forma, esta dissertação buscou apresentar um estudo de caso, focando nas inovações geradas pelo aprendizado por interação no APL de Mármore e Granito de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim - ES, que se destaca como o principal produtor de rochas ornamentais do Brasil e como um dos maiores exportadores do mundo. Nesse APL foram encontradas duas principais fontes de aprendizado por interação: o GMC (Grupo de Melhoria Contínua) e o Empreender. O GMC, em especial, foi o foco de estudo deste trabalho, que buscou entender, principalmente, como ocorre a geração de inovações por meio da dinâmica de interação entre as empresas participantes desse grupo e entre este e as entidades que compõem a governança local, além de verificar alguns eventos relevantes de inovação do ponto de vista da empresa usuária/beneficiada.
With the decline of the mass production system, which had a predominant focus on big companies, there was a readjustment of the productive forces with tendencies to a structure that started to favor the small and medium companies (SMCs), mainly when they act in an united way in industrial clusters and not separately. Starting from the nineties, several studies were developed pointing the calls clusters as a possibility for the competitive insertion of SMCs in the modern economy. Some researchers consider that SMCs, when inserted in clusters can develop a learning dynamic that leads to the process of acquisition of knowledge. The learning by interacting, in particular, is presented as the main responsible for the generation of innovations in SMCs. In that way, this dissertation presents a case study, focusing on the innovations generated by learning by interacting in the marble and granite cluster of Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, which stands out as the main producer of Brazil and as one of the larger exporters of the world. In this cluster two main learning by interacting sources were found: GMC (Group of Continuous Improvement) and Empreender. GMC, in especial, was the focus of this work, which sought to understand, mainly, how the generation of innovations occur through the interaction of the participant companies of that group and among these and the entities of the local governance, as well as to investigate some relevant events of innovation from the point of view of the companies.
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Hmoud, Hazar Y. "The 'private-collective' innovation model under permissive licensing : a case study of OpenNebula open source software." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52408/.
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This thesis aims for understanding how the ‘private-collective’ model of innovation works in permissive open source software. This model encourages the private investments in the collective software as well as the sharing of those investments with the collective community. By following this model in permissive open source software, this thesis suggested that private actors would experience a collective action problem referred to as a ‘business dilemma’. This dilemma is the difficult situation experienced by private actors who would be reaping rewards by sharing their private investments but also losing their competitive advantage because of free riders. Theoretically, private actors would be discouraged from sharing their private investments with the collective due to the business dilemma. However, in some real cases, we do not observe this constraint; private actors are not trapped by the business dilemma. Instead, they end up innovating and contributing to permissive open source software. As a result, this thesis would investigate and answer the research questions: ‘How can the private actors invest and share in permissive open source software without experiencing a business dilemma?’ and ‘Why private actors choose to invest and share rather than to free ride in permissive open source software?’ Ostrom’s theory of collective action is used as a lens for investigating the patterns of the private contributions and answering the research questions consequently. This theory suggests that people, even with the absence of formal regulations, can talk and share their local knowledge and experiences in order to collectively arrange the pattern of their actions and to extract themselves from collective action problems accordingly. OpenNebula open source software was the case study analysed. Findings are based upon an in-depth qualitative analysis of a substantial dataset involving 7,017 emails, 3,482 development requests, 4 technical OpenNebula official documentations and thousands of source code commits. Findings revealed that private actors are voluntary entering in an ‘active communications’ with other participants. Findings proposed that an ‘active communications’ act as a prerequisite for the active private contributions done by private actors. Those private contributions are locked within the collective software in the form of ‘collective complementarities’ through a ‘transformation process’. Several evidences proposed that this process worked to align the private interests of private actors with the collective interests of the software. Moreover, findings revealed that a set of ‘rules’ are emerged by the private actors and other participants in order to structure the ‘active communications’ and the ‘transformation process’. Several evidences proposed that these ‘rules’ worked to support the alignment between the private and the collective interests. Accordingly, it is proposed that the alignment between the private and the collective interests (which is done through the ‘active communications’, ‘transformation process’ and is supported through a set of ‘rules) encourages private actors to share and to link their private software with the collective. Without sharing, their private software would not be part of the ‘collective’ complementarities’ that are used in the different industries. This thesis makes novel contributions to the literature of open source. In particular, it extends the ‘private-collective’ model of innovation by introducing the ‘collective complementarities’ as a theoretical concept for locking the private benefit alongside with the collective one. It extends the open source literature by providing a better understanding of the collective software as a type of ‘commons’ that is exposed to private appropriation. In this way, it provides a set of arrangements that can bring the best of open source software that are sponsored by private actors. This thesis also encourages firms to: (1) share an ongoing control over the development of the software with the vibrant community members in order to develop software that can be used across industries and (2) harness information technology practices in their organizations to better serve the private and the collective interests.
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Shrestha, Sujan. "Exploring mobile learning opportunities and challenges in Nepal : the potential of open-source platforms." Thesis, University of West London, 2016. https://repository.uwl.ac.uk/id/eprint/2962/.
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With the increasing access to mobile devices in developing countries, the number of pilots and projects embracing mobile devices as learning tools is also growing. The important role it can play in improving education is also positively received within education communities. But, providing a successful mobile learning service is still significantly challenging. The considerable problems arise due to existing pedagogical, technological, political, social and cultural challenges and there has been a shortage of research concerning how to deploy and sustain this technology in a resource constrained educational environment. There are studies mainly conducted in sub-Saharan countries, India, and Latin America, which provide some guidelines for incorporating technology in the existing educational process. However, considering the contextual differences between these regions and other countries in Asia, such as Nepal, it requires a broader study in its own challenging socio-cultural context. In response to this difficulty, the aims of this exploratory research work are to study the distinct challenges of schools’ education in Nepal and evaluate the use of open-source devices to provide offline access to learning materials in order to recommend a sustainable mobile learning model. The developmental study was conducted in University of West London in order to assess the feasibility of these devices. The main study in Nepal explored i) the overall challenges to education in the challenging learning environment of schools with limited or no access to ICT, ii) how ICT might be helping teaching and learning in the rural public schools, and iii) how an offline mobile learning solution based on the open source platforms may facilitate English language teaching and learning. Data collection primarily involved interviews, questionnaires, observations and supplemented by other methods. This thesis presents the sustainable model for deploying and supporting mobile technology for education, which is based on the findings emerging from completed exploratory studies in Nepal. It highlights all the aspects that need to be addressed to ensure sustainability. However, to translate this understanding to a design is a complex challenge. For a mobile learning solution to be used in such challenging learning contexts, the need is to develop simple and innovative solutions that provide access to relevant digital learning resources and train teachers to embed technology in education. This thesis discusses these findings, limitations and presents implications for the design of future mobile learning in the context of Nepal.
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Ottosson, Fredrik, and Rickard Sevandersson. "Identifying Sources of Disruption in the Context of Sustainability-Driven Innovation." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Centrum för innovations-, entreprenörskaps- och lärandeforskning (CIEL), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-40137.
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Introduction: Research shows that the lifespan of large companies gets shorter and shorter, the average age of companies on the list of fortune 500 is 33 years, the average age is expected to decline to 12 years by 2027 (Anthony et al., 2018). Innovations that are driven by social, environmental or sustainability issues are defined as sustainability-driven innovations (Metz, 2016). Not much is known when it comes to what sources can trigger a disruptive sustainability-driven innovation. Problem background: There has been many troubling studies about the damage we as humans bring upon our blue planet, these studies are apocalyptic (Osborn 1948; Carson 1962; Meadows et al 1972; Cole et al 1973). To be able to meet the aspirations of millions rising from poverty, we need transformation and change throughout society, and disruptive innovations is the key to unlock this transformation (Sterman, 2015). The disruption literature is well developed when it comes to what sources can trigger a disruptive innovation. There does not exist literature on what sources that can trigger sustainability-driven innovations. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to create a conceptual model that show possible sources of disruption for sustainability-driven innovations. The knowledge created by the conceptual model will be used at a later stage to develop a monitoring tool for TOMRA. To fulfill the purpose of this master thesis we have developed the following research question: what sources can trigger a disruptive sustainability-driven innovation? Methodology: To answer the research question, this thesis used an exploratory research design, inductive research approach and the single case study with participants from four companies that acts in three different industries and five interviews with experts in the field of sustainability-driven innovations as the chosen research method. The primary data has been collected from 13 interviews from new entrants, incumbents, experts and governmental agencies. Secondary data were collected to support the analysis. Findings: The key findings of this thesis are eight new sources of disruption; established technology, public value, public opinion, political decisions, political goals, legislations, subsidizations and demo-pilots Conclusion: Our study showed that there was a gap in the disruption literature, especially when it comes to the source of disruption. Because the study found other sources that might trigger a disruption rather than only new technology and new BMs. Realizing that, the sources of disruption were expanded to have three subcategories that influence each other, technology and BM, citizen awareness and policy.
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Chan, Pun-yuen, and 陳本源. "Innovation in product and services development process as new source of competitive advantages for Hong Kong Telecom." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31268559.
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Nagy, Delmer. "Understanding Organizational Adoption Theories Through the Adoption of a Disruptive Innovation: Five Cases of Open Source Software." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3501.
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This dissertation seeks to understand how organizations adopt a disruptive technology, open source software. Five cross-sectional case studies at municipal governments were performed using a theoretical model based off of eight organizational adoption theories. Results of the case studies highlight how each construct from each theory was present at the organizations. However each construct was of variable influence based upon organizational characteristics and the time or stage of adoption.
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Chan, Pun-yuen. "Innovation in product and services development process as new source of competitive advantages for Hong Kong Telecom /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19876373.
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Evaldsson, Johan, Thomas Ljungdahl, and Fredrik Suter. "The Emergence of Crowdsourcing and Open-Source Models in Drug Development." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för management, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2794.
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Contemporary cases of crowdsourcing (CS) and open source development (OS) related to drug development have been selected and studied. Contemporary examples of CS/OS from within and outside of the pharmaceutical industries have been presented to give a background and suggest possible benefits and problems. The main criteria for selection have been that the case must seek to advance drug development and must use crowdsourcing or open source as a mechanism. The cases found in our search show a large diversity in terms of application, usage, and possible implications for the pharmaceutical industry. We found that crowdsourcing within a scientific problem context produced good results, but that open source initiatives were either poorly financed and not successful or focused on neglected diseases made possible through strong backing by non-profit organizations. An analysis of which the pharmaceutical companies where that showed activity on the platforms identified R&D-intensive and biotech companies as the most active. Contract research organizations (CROs) and generics manufacturers (GMs) showed almost complete absence. We argue that GMs are not likely to be interested in this kind of R&D, but CROs are an untapped resource. Finally we propose a hypothetical model that takes into account all the findings from our study and the literature. This model is based on a limited type of open source with a limited number of partners making use of the untapped CRO resource through crowdsourcing.Ett antal pågående fall av samverkans-modellen crowdsourcing (CS) samt fenomenet av ”öppen-innovation”, open-innovation (OI) har studerats i kontexten läkemedelsutveckling. I denna fall-studien presenteras ett antal fall där CS och OI används både inom och utom läkemedelsindustrin. Detta har gjorts för att skapa en bättre förståelse för fenomenen samt att tydliggöra problem och att belysa fördela med öppen-innovation och olika typer av samverkans-modeller. Huvudkriteriet för utvalen av fall har varit ett avancerat stadium i läkemedelsutvecklingen samt att något av de två verktygen OI eller CS används aktivt i utvecklingsarbetet. Fall-studien klargör en tydlig differens mellan olika applikations-typer och hur man i verkligheten implementerar dessa verktyg i forskningsarbete. Vår fall-studie indikerar goda resultat då man använder samverkans-modellen CS inom forskningsarbete, men att ”öppen-innovation” OI inte gav samma goda resultat då immateriella mekanismer bromsar öppenheten i läkemedelsindustrin. Inom läkemedels-utvecklingen för Negleted Diseases fann vi däremot en större aktivitet vilken grundar sig på icke-vinst-drivande aktörers intressen. Genom en analys av aktörer inom läkemedelsindustrin har vi kunna framtyda att forsknings-och utveckligns-företag samt Biotech som de som mest ser och utnyttjar potentiallen i CS och OI. Contract research organizations (CROs) och Generics Manufacturers (GMs) är nästan uteslutande frånvarande i resultaten från vår analys. Våra resultat visar att GM-företagen inte har mycket intresse av varken CS eller OI, men att för CRO-företagen finns det vinning i att utnyttja dessa resurser. Slutligen förespråkar vi en fortsatt forskning i ämnet baserat på fall-studien för att kunna ta fram en hypotetisk-CS modell, vilken skulle baseras på ett begränsat antal av samarbetspartners vars potentiella vinning skulle visas genom utnyttjandet av samverkans-modellen CS.
Johan Evaldsson +733-706822
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Lagergren, Viktor, and Anna Norelius. "Managing the Transition Towards Open Source Software Adoption: : Considerations for Large IT Companies." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264204.
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The promise of reduced costs, increased flexibility, and independence from vendors of proprietary products has convinced organizations worldwide to deploy Open Source Software (OSS) in their production environments and commercial offerings. Therefore, the ability to scale software, seamlessly integrate open source software in products and increase benefits from OSS participation are crucial capabilities. However, the nature of OSS is not entirely compatible with the rigid structures and processes of many large companies and thus successfully managing OSS has proven to be highly difficult. Previous research has shown that many companies have built previous success on ‘closed innovation’ logic and must now move in a highly counterintuitive direction towards an ‘open innovation’ mindset. This creates various strategic and operational challenges which they need to identify and overcome to avoid disruption. Based on the aforementioned, the purpose has been to investigate key patterns in how development and increased use of open source software could affect large IT companies. This is to illustrate the transition between closed innovation to open innovation strategy for software, but also to describe the strategic and operational challenges that come appear thereafter. To create a deeper understanding of this process of change, a single (qualitative) case study by a large Swedish IT company has been carried out. The hope is to be able to contribute to research by presenting general conclusions from the case study where empirical data is linked to contemporary research in the field. In order to be able to generalize based on the empirical data, interviews have been conducted with both doctoral students and professors in the field, but also experts in the business world. Our findings have generated insights concerning the OSS adoption process of Company A. The findings of the study include a 6-step model that describes the adoption process as well as strategic and operational considerations for successful transition towards efficient OSS governance.Med förhoppningar om reducerade kostnader, ökad flexibilitet och ett minskat beroende av tredjepartsleverantörer har användandet av open source-mjukvara (OSS) eskalerat under det senaste årtiondet och kommit att dominera stora delar av mjukvaruindustrin. Förmågan att skala och integrera open source-mjukvara har således blivit en viktig kompetens för att skapa konkurrensfördelar. Dock är nuvarande processer för integrering av open source-mjukvara emellertid inte helt förenligt med många etablerade företags strukturer och processer. Hantering och integrering har istället visat sig vara en stor utmaning då många företag historiskt byggt sina framgångar genom en logik som präglas av sluten innovationsstrategi och immateriella rättigheter (IPR). Företag tvingas idag att röra sig i en kontraintuitiv riktning som präglas av öppen innovation, och i kölvattnet av teknisk och industriell förändring uppenbarar sig strategiska och operativa utmaningar. Dessa utmaningar måste företag identifiera, förstå och övervinna för att undvika att bli utkonkurrerade. Med detta som bakgrund är syftet med denna studie att Identifiera viktiga mönster som beskriver hur utvecklingen och en ökad användning av open source-mjukvara kan påverka stora IT-företag. Detta för att belysa övergången mellan sluten innovationsstrategi och öppen för open source-mjukvara, men även för att skildra vilka strategiska och operativa utmaningar som uppenbarar sig därefter. För att skapa en djupare förståelse för denna förändringsprocess har en enskild (kvalitativ) fallstudie av ett stort svenskt IT-företag genomförts. Förhoppningen är att kunna bidra till forskning genom att presentera generella slutsatser från fallstudien där empirisk data kopplas an till nutida forskning inom området. För att kunna generalisera utifrån empirin har intervjuer genomförts med dels doktorander och professorer inom området, men också experter inom affärsvärlden. Empirin har genererat en 6-stegs modell som beskriver adoptionsprocessen för OSS. Modellen har sedermera jämförts med samtida forskning inom samma område där likheter och skillnader diskuterats och presenterats. Vidare har strategiska och operativa överväganden belysts och diskuterats för att kunna bidra till en ökad förståelse för de utmaningar som många företag står inför.
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Zadayannaya, Liudmila. "ORGANIZATIONAL MEMORY SYSTEMS AS A SOURCE OF LEARNING FOR NEW EMPLOYEES IN AN INNOVATIVE CONTEXT." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-19854.
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Organizational memory is said to be one of the essential factors of organizational learning, particularly in a part that is concerned with knowledge flowing from an organization to its employees. Often viewed as a system of knowledge repositories, organizational memory is argued to be important in various contexts. The purpose of this study is to explore an impact of the organizational memory in two such contexts, namely in a situation of presence of new employees and organization involved in innovation activity. The importance of organizational memory for the new employees can be explained by the fact that it is through facing it they socialize in the organization. Organizational memory also influences innovative behaviour of employees. This researched is performed in a form of a case study; where the object of study finds itself in a combined context – new employees of R&D department learn from different organizational memory systems. The data for this case study were collected through qualitative interviewing of both the newcomers and their supervisor. The results show that new employees face a range of memory systems, and this range does not depend on the innovativeness of the work they are involved in. It was found possible to look separately into the systems and methods the newcomers accessed them. The most important access methods in this case turned out to be personal communication and IT-enabled means, however a number of other methods were also found relevant for the case. Focusing on how this knowledge can support innovative behaviour of the new employees, this study has found several ways in which both incremental and radical innovations can be enhanced. The memory systems have been found to affect innovative behaviour of the newcomers by demonstrating expectance of this behaviour, by providing “old” knowledge, as well as hints where one can possibly find “old” and “new” knowledge. In general, the findings suggest that looking into memory systems separately from the ways to access them might give valuable insights for rethinking how properties of the memory systems have been defined so far.
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Gonzalez, Maria Susana Muhamad, R. Hamann, and D. Loorbach. "The global corporation and its role as a source of innovation for sustainable development : beyond corporate social responsibility." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3792.
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77 leaves single side printed, preliminary pages i-v and numbered pages 1-72. Includes bibliography.Thesis (MPhil (Sustainable Development Planning and Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis explores how to bring about change through innovation by using current power structures to move towards a more sustainable society. The type of change we are concerned with is the transformation from social structures, economic systems and institutions which diminish natural resources; to systems of production, institutions and social structures which affirm and interact productively with living systems, assuring their own sustainability. This change cannot be limited to address the social, environmental and economic consequences of the current system but should redefine the basic principles of society’s design and operation. One of the key actors in the current system are Multinational Corporations (MNCs) which have the capacity to mobilize natural resources, labour, and financial capital at a global scale. It is defined that to contribute proactively towards sustainability, the role of the corporation is to innovate in its core business, creating products and services that help to solve the current un-sustainability patterns of society. However, how effective are targeted innovation platforms within MNC’s in designing and implementing meaningful innovations for sustainability? How meaningful are these innovation efforts in terms of the broader CSR strategy of the company and its sustainability performance? What can we learn from business innovation platforms in terms of organization and entrepreneurship for sustainability? In order to answer these questions an action research method was used in which I reflect on my own experience of using the innovation platform from the Royal Dutch Shell Group (Shell) to develop sustainability innovations. Within this perspective, the notion of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is re-visited to highlight its potential to hinder or facilitate this process.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:Hierdie tesis ondersoek hoe verandering met innovasie te weeg gebring kan word deur gebruikmaking van huidige magstrukture om sodoende te beweeg na ’n meer volhoubare gemeenskap. Die verandering waarmee ons gemoeid is, is die transformasie van sosiale strukture, ekonomiese stelsels en instansies - wat natuurlike hulpbronne verminder - na stelsels van produksie, asook instellings en sosiale strukture wat regstel en produktief wisselwerk met lewenskragtige stelsels om sodoende hulle eie volhoubaarheid te verseker. Hierdie verandering kan geensins beperk word om die sosiale, omgewings en ekonomiese gevolge van die huidige stelsel aan te spreek nie, maar behoort die basiese beginsels van die gemeenskap se ontwerp en optrede te herdefinieer. Een van die sleutelspelers in die huidige stelsel is die Multinasionale Korporasies (‘MNCs’) wat oor die vermoë beskik om natuurlike hulpbronne, arbeid en geldelike kapitaal op globale skaal te mobiliseer. Om pro-aktief tot volhoubaarheid by te dra, moet die rol van die korporasie – volgens definisie – van so ’n aard wees dat hy in sy kern-sakebedrywighede innoverend optree om produkte en dienste te skep wat sal bydra om die huidige nie-volhoubare patrone binne die gemeenskap uit te skakel. Maar hoe doeltreffend is geteikende innovasie-platforms binne die Multinasionale Korporasies egter vir soverre dit die ontwerp en toepassing van betekenisvolle innovasies betref wat op volhoubaarheid gerig is? Hoe betekenisvol is dié pogings rondom innovasie gemeet teen die breër strategie van korporatiewe sosiale verantwoordelikheid van die maatskappy en sy volhoubaarheidsprestasie? Wat kan ons van innovasie-platforms van sakeondernemings met betrekking tot organisasie en entrepreneurskap - gerig op volhoubaarheid - wys word? Met die oog op die beantwoording van hierdie vrae, is ’n aksie-navorsingsmetode gebruilc, waarin ek besin oor my eie ondervinding met die gebruik van innovasieplatforms van die Royal Dutch Shell Group (Shell) om volhoubaarheidsinnovasies te ontwikkel. Binne hierdie perspektief word weer gekyk na die konsep van korporatiewe sosiale verantwoordelikheid om sodoende sy potensiaal om dié proses te kortwiek of te fasiliteer, uit te lig.
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Kollars, Nina Ann. "By the Seat of Their Pants: Military Technological Adaptation in War." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1341314153.
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Johnsen, Thomas. "Les relations avec les fournisseurs comme source d'innovation : relations, chaines et réseaux." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00854754.
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Ce rapport donne un aperçu de mes recherches à ce jour. Il commence par expliquer pourquoi mon domaine - gestion des achats et des approvisionnements - est un sujet pertinent et même de plus en plus critique, autant pour les chercheurs universitaires que les entreprises et organisations. Je présente mes principaux axes de recherches et j'introduis par la suite les deux domaines principaux de la gestion des achats et des approvisionnements à laquelle j'ai contribué, à savoir les relations au sein des réseaux d'approvisionnement, ainsi que le rôle des fournisseurs dans l'innovation et le développement de nouveaux produits (DNP pour New Product Development : NPD). Le rapport donne un aperçu des principaux projets de recherche dans lesquels je me suis impliqué, avant de détailler ma contribution sur le terrain ainsi que la philosophie et les méthodologies qui sous-tendent mes recherches. En particulier, je réfléchis sur l'utilisation de la recherche qualitative dans l'étude de cas en matière de gestion des achats et de l'approvisionnement et j'offre des suggestions sur la façon d'assurer une recherche de bonne qualité dans ce domaine. Le rapport se termine par un aperçu de mes projets de recherche à venir.
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Matschy, Alexandra, and Liu Meng. "Using Chinese universities as a source of Technology Scouting in China." Thesis, Linnaeus University, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-6576.
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Over the last few decades trends such as globalization have sharpened up competition on the worldwide open market and in order to meet customers demand high level of technological and competitive uncertainties have increased the pressure of reducing R&D budgets, reduce innovation cycles and shorter time to market as a consequence of the rising competition and as a result, forced companies to source external knowledge. One way of doing this is by tapping external information and knowledge from universities.China is a country with a steady rapid growth on science and technology, but also with a progressively increasing R&D. Today they have the highest input level in the history and this is an opportunity for Western MNCs to establish collaborations in order to gain competitive advantages and create new technology. This study focuses on Industry-University collaborations in China for high technological companies and the process of finding knowledge and establishes networks at Chinese universities with the aim of establish Industry-University collaboration. Based on literature review and a qualitative study of Chinese universities, this thesis explores how a MNC can build a network of local universities connection in a fast growing market and use this network as a source of technology scouting.Over the last few decades trends such as globalization have sharpened up competition on the worldwide open market and in order to meet customers demand high level of technological and competitive uncertainties have increased the pressure of reducing R&D budgets, reduce innovation cycles and shorter time to market as a consequence of the rising competition and as a result, forced companies to source external knowledge. One way of doing this is by tapping external information and knowledge from universities.China is a country with a steady rapid growth on science and technology, but also with a progressively increasing R&D. Today they have the highest input level in the history and this is an opportunity for Western MNCs to establish collaborations in order to gain competitive advantages and create new technology. This study focuses on Industry-University collaborations in China for high technological companies and the process of finding knowledge and establishes networks at Chinese universities with the aim of establish Industry-University collaboration. Based on literature review and a qualitative study of Chinese universities, this thesis explores how a MNC can build a network of local universities connection in a fast growing market and use this network as a source of technology scouting.
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Castro, Ana Elisa Martins Pacheco de. "A dinâmica e a estrutura do conhecimento na inovação aberta: um estudo de caso em uma multinacional de open source." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1389.
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While companies compete directly in the same industry, this does not mean that innovate in the same way. With this the search for partnerships has been identified as a common practice among companies perceived as effective and internalization of R&D, strategic before, is giving way to new forms open collaborative. Understanding how companies manage the open knowledge for sustainable competitive advantage is the central question of this research. Because it is a subject little explored in Brazil, there is little clarity about the types of knowledge shared within the open collaborative networks. This makes it necessary to broaden knowledge about collaboration and knowledge. To increase this understanding, this research will present a single case study, conducted in a leading company in its industry, which funded its business model on open innovation. The research was made possible by the innovative adaptation of the organization's two conceptual models: a collaboration that helped in the classification of innovative internal staff and listed the characteristics of each one, and another of knowledge, which evaluated the types of knowledge shared between actors open innovation with the aim of seeking to relate the success of the company's innovative model of the nature of knowledge among innovative agents affairs. The results indicated that the dynamics of knowledge happens through the exchange of knowledge hierarchy. Companies that make use of open innovation are inserted at specific times of the spiral of knowledge of the community of practice and implement innovations, and generally incremental, depending on the model established by communities of practice. Note, therefore, the existence of managerial implications for the use of open innovation. It is expected that the results of this study provide knowledge to advance the studies on knowledge management in open innovation
Embora empresas concorram diretamente na mesma indústria, isto não significa que inovam da mesma forma. Com isto, a busca de parcerias tem sido identificada como uma prática comum entre as empresas tidas como eficazes e a internalização do P&D, antes estratégica, vem cedendo lugar a novas formas colaborativas abertas. Entender como as empresas gerenciam o conhecimento aberto para obter vantagens competitivas sustentáveis é a questão central desta pesquisa. Por ser um assunto pouco explorado no Brasil, há pouca clareza sobre os tipos de conhecimento compartilhados dentro das redes colaborativas abertas. Isto faz com que seja necessário aumentar os conhecimentos gerais sobre colaboração e conhecimento. Para aumentar este entendimento, esta pesquisa apresentará um estudo de caso único, realizado em uma empresa líder em seu setor de atuação, que fundamentou seu modelo de negócios sobre a inovação aberta. A pesquisa foi viabilizada pela adaptação do modelo inovador da organização a dois modelos conceituais: um de colaboração, que auxiliou na classificação dos agentes inovadores internos e elencou as características de cada um, e outro de conhecimento, que avaliou os tipos de conhecimento compartilhado entre os atores de inovação aberta com a finalidade de buscar relacionar o sucesso do modelo inovador da empresa à natureza do conhecimento compartilhado entre agentes inovadores internos. Os resultados indicaram que a dinâmica do conhecimento acontece por meio da troca hierarquizada de conhecimentos. As empresas que fazem uso da inovação aberta se inserem em momentos específicos da espiral do conhecimento da comunidade de prática e executam inovações, de um modo geral incrementais, dependentes do modelo estabelecido pelas comunidades de prática. Nota-se, portanto, a existência de implicações gerenciais para utilização da inovação aberta. Espera-se que os resultados deste estudo forneçam subsídios para avançar os estudos sobre a gestão do conhecimento em inovação aberta
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Batikas, Michail. "SME’s participation to Free Libre Open Source Software Communities." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/38704.
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Les motivacions entorn al programari lliure han estat sempre un tema de gran interès, sent la pregunta més obvia, "perquè les persones treballen de forma gratuïta?". Les motivacions dels desenvolupadors han estat establertes (per exemple, von Hippel (2001), Lerner and Tirole (2002)). De la mateixa manera que ho han estat per a les empreses grans i petites que adopten programari lliure basat en models de negoci (per exemple, Lakhani and von Hippel, 2003; Fitzgerald, 2006; Krishnamurthy, 2004). No obstant això, un nombre cada vegada més elevat de les PIMES amb estratègies que no estan directament relacionades amb aquest model de negoci estan contribuint a les comunitats de programari lliure. En aquest estudi s'investiga les motivacions d'aquestes empreses des d'un punt de vista de comportament mitjançant un model d'investigació basat en TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior). Hem demostrat que factors com la "obertura" d'una PIME, la importància percebuda del programari lliure, els desenvolupadors (empleats) d'una PIME, juntament amb l'ambient extern, podrien influir en la decisió d'una PIME a participar en comunitats de programari lliure. A més, hem demostrat que es poden identificar algunes diferències entre empreses d'alta base tecnològica i empreses amb poca base tecnològica. Aquestes conclusions poden ajudar governs nacionals o regionals per millorar el disseny de polítiques per tal d'incentivar l'ús i la participació de les empreses en les comunitats de programari lliure. Especialment ara, degut a la forta crisi econòmica que pateix Europa, el programari lliure pot ser una solució adequada per a fomentar la innovació.Motivations in FLOSS have always been a subject of great interest, by starting with the most obvious question, “why people work for free?”. The motivations of developers have been well established (eg von Hippel (2001), Lerner and Tirole 2002). The same exists also for big and small companies adopting FLOSS based Business Models (eg Lakhani and von Hippel, 2003; Fitzgerald 2006; Krishnamurthy, 2004). However an increasing number of SMEs with strategies not directly related to the Business Model are contributing to FLOSS communities. In this study we try to investigate these motivations under a behavioral perspective by using a research model based on TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior). We demonstrated that factors like the “openness” of a SME, the perceived importance of FLOSS, the developers (employees) of a SME along with the external environment of a SME, could influence the decision of a SME to participate in FLOSS communities. Also, we have demonstrated that some differences can be identified between high tech firms and non high tech firms. These findings can help national or regional governments to design better policies in order to better promote the use and the participation of firms to FLOSS communities. Especially now, in times of heavy economical crisis in Europe, FLOSS can be an adequate solution to foster innovation.
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Qu, Zhe. "Three essays on the economics of information technology innovation." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24777.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Management, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: Narasimhan, Sridhar; Committee Member: Li, Haizheng; Committee Member: Slaughter, Sandra; Committee Member: Thursby, Marie; Committee Member: Zhang, Han.
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Zdenka, Dudić. "Razvoj modela za ocenu inovativnih aktivnosti malih i srednjih preduzeća." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2018. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=107265&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Merenje inovativnih aktivnosti je važno da bi se moglo upravljati i uspešnije poslovati preduzećem. Mnogi alati su se pojavili na tržištu ali uglavnom svi su posmatrali uspešnost preduzeća isključivo kroz finansijske aspekte. Model koji je uključivao sve aspekte u preduzeću, ne samo finansijsku komponentu i koji se pokazao kao efikasan alat je Balanced Scoredcard (BSC) model. Pojavom ovog modela stvara se sinergija na nivou celog preduzeća, jer pomoću ovog modela moguće je identifikovati strateške indikatore koje preduzeće treba da postigne da bi unapredilo svoje poslovanje. Ovaj rad posmatra trenutnu situaciju po pitanju inovacija i uvođenja inovativnih aktivnosti u poslovanje u preduzećima na teritoriji Republike Srbije, ali i to da li BSC model primenljiv za ocenu i praćenje inovativnih aktivnosti u preduzećima. Modifikovan BSC model uz pažljivo odabrane faktore sa fokusom na inovativne aktivnosti je dobar pomoćni alat za merenje i neprekidno praćenje performansi preduzeća. Primena ovakvih alata u malim i srednjim preduzećima bi unapredila i poboljšala njihovo poslovanje.Measuring innovative activities is important in order to manage and operate the enterprise more effectively. Many tools appeared on the market, but most of them measured the business success based on financial results. The Balanced Scoredcard (BSC) model, however, included all the aspects of the company, not just a financial component, and it was proven to be an effective tool. The emergence of this model created synergy throughout the company, because this model enabled identification of the strategic indicators that the company should achieve in order to improve its business. This paper shows the current situation regarding to innovation and the introduction of innovative activities in business operations in the territory of the Republic of Serbia, but also explores whether the BSC model is applicable for the evaluation and monitoring of innovative activities in enterprises. A modified BSC model with very carefully selected factors with a focus on innovative activities is a good auxiliary tool for measuring and continuously monitoring the performance of the company. The application of such tools in small and medium-sized enterprises would improve their business.