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Sharifi, Mehdi, Mumtaz Cheema, Kristie McVicar, Lise LeBlanc, and Sherry Fillmore. "Evaluation of liming properties and potassium bioavailability of three Atlantic Canada wood ash sources." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 93, no. 6 (2013): 1209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-168.
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Sharifi, M., Cheema, M., Mahoney, K., LeBlanc, L. and Fillmore, S. 2013. Evaluation of liming properties and potassium bioavailability of three Atlantic Canada wood ash sources. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 1209–1216. Wood ash has the potential to enhance productivity in agricultural systems by influencing soil pH and nutrient availability. The liming properties and fertility values of wood ash from three Atlantic wood ash sources were evaluated in this study. The liming properties were tested using three wood ash sources [JD Irving (IR), New Page (NP), and Brooklyn Power (BP)] and two local lime sources in an 8-mo incubation experiment at 25°C. Soil pH was measured 14 times during the incubation. Availability of potassium (K) in wood ash was evaluated in a greenhouse setting with a K-deficient soil using annual ryegrass as the test plant. Total plant K and P uptake and Mehlich-3 extractable K and P were used as predictors of nutrient bioavailability. Wood ash application increased soil pH to the maximum level within the first 50 d after application and stabilized soil pH for 8 mo. The measured effective calcium carbonate equivalent of ashes relative to Mosher lime average among two soils were in order of BP (32)>IR (25)>NP (16). About 96, 38, and 71% of total K in IR, NP and BP ash sources, respectively, were bioavailable for ryegrass in 115 d. Although soil was not P deficient, soil P bioavailability (Mehlich III extractable P) was enhanced by 14 and 48% in NP and BP wood ash treatments, respectively, whereas P bioavailability decreased by 24% in the IR ash treatment. The results clearly demonstrate that these sources of wood ash can be considered as an effective liming agent and source of K in agricultural production systems.
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Borgatta, Jaya, Amanda Paskavitz, Deborah Kim, and Juan G. Navea. "Comparative evaluation of iron leach from different sources of fly ash under atmospherically relevant conditions." Environmental Chemistry 13, no. 5 (2016): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en16046.
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Environmental contextIron, a limiting nutrient of plankton in the ocean, is deposited to the sea from atmospheric aerosols. In particular, atmospheric acidic conditions promote dissolution of iron from fly ash, a by-product of coal-fired power plants. Here, we report that the iron leached from fly ash depends on its source region, and that the type of combustion process may influence the iron species mobilized. AbstractFly ash, an iron-containing by-product of coal-fired power plants, has been observed in atmospheric aerosol plumes. Under the acidic atmospheric conditions resulting from the uptake of atmospheric gases, iron leached from fly ash can impact global biogeochemical cycles. However, the fly ash source region, as well as its generating power plant, plays an important role in the amount, speciation and lability of iron. Yet no comparative studies have been made on iron leached from fly ash from different sources. This study reports the iron mobilisation by proton-promoted dissolution from well-characterised fly ash samples from three distinctive locations: the USA Midwest, north-east India and Europe. In addition, pH dependency was also investigated. Proton-promoted dissolution showed a variability between source regions with a relative iron leach in the order USA Midwestern>north-east Indian>European ash. In addition, the initial rate of iron leach suggests that source region is indeed a determining factor in the iron leaching capacity of fly ash, because dissolution from Midwestern fly ash is also faster than both European and Indian ash. Finally, the combustion process of fly ash proved to be significant for the iron speciation, given that well-combusted fly ash samples leached mostly Fe3+ rather than bioavailable Fe2+. The role of fly ash should therefore be taken into account in order to better understand the effects of combustion particles in atmospheric iron deposition.
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Yusuf, Yulizar, Vivin Firman Savitri, and Hermansyah Aziz. "Pengaruh Penggunaan Fly Ash dari Berbagai Sumber terhadap Sifat Kimia dan Sifat Fisika pada Semen Tipe I (OPC)." Jurnal Riset Kimia 11, no. 2 (2020): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v11i2.350.
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The aim of this study is to utilize fly ash from various sources on chemical and physical properties of cement type I (OPC). Utilization of fly ash can improve the strengthness of the cement. It can reduce the waste of fly ash by utilization into cement process. The procedure has been carried out on cement type I (OPC) with the addition of fly ash additives from various sources with concentration variations such as 10% and 20%. Utilization of fly ash as additives substance in cement works to improve the quality of cement. The main parameter in determining the quality of cement is determined by the compressive strength. The results of the compressive strength test showed that the addition of fly ash with a concentration of 10% had a higher effect on the compressive strength than the addition of a concentration of 20%. 5 types fly ash from various sources, fly ash from PT Sinar Mas gives greater compressive strength at 28 days. the addition of fly ash additives to OPC cement mixture has chemical and physical properties which are not much different from properties of PCC cement.
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Akinmutimi, A.L., V.E. Osodeke, and A.O. Ano. "Yield and Nutrient Composition of Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) as Influenced by Application of Three Different Sources of Ash." Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 2 (2013): 101–9. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJAS.2013.2.112212281.
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<strong>Three different ash materials (kitchen wood ash –KWA, oil palm bunch ash-PBA and timber saw mill ash- SDA) applied at the rates of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 tons/ha were incorporated in an Ultisol planted with sweetpotato to evaluate their effects on yield and crop quality, using sweet potato as a test crop. The soil was acidic and deficient in N, % O.C., K, Ca, Mg and Na. Considering the total tuber weight of sweet potato, </strong><strong>all the ash sources increased yields over the control, but only the KWA produced a significant (P<0.05) increase in yield over the control. Total tuber weight of sweet potato increased with amount of ash applied; 4 tons/ha which gave 53.76 % increase in the total tuber weight was optimum.</strong><strong> </strong><strong>SDA also, significantly (P<0.05) increased the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of sweet potato. 8 tons/ha of the same gave the highest contents of N, P and K.</strong>
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Shridhar, Bhawna, and Sushil Kumar. "Extraction from Different Natural Sources and their Pharmacognostical Studies." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, no. 3 (2023): 1328–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44i3.1651.
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Natural products from medicinal plants, either as pure compounds or as standardized extracts, provide unlimited opportunities for new drug leads because of the unmatched availability of chemical diversity. The focus of this paper is on the analytical methodologies, which include the extraction, isolation and characterization of active ingredients in botanicals and herbal preparations. The analysis of Phytoconstituents was performed physicochemical parameters (foreign matter, moisture content, loss on drying, total ash, water-soluble ash, acid-insoluble ash, sulphated-ash, alcohol-soluble extractive, water-soluble extractive and pH values), Preliminary Phytochemical Screening (Test for carbohydrates, Test for amino acids, Test for steroid, Test for fat, Test for oils, Test for alkaloids, Test for tannins, Test for phenolic compounds, Test for Saponin glycosides, Test for flavonoids, Test for volatile oils and Test for heavy metals ), Tests for Aflatoxin and Thin-Layer chromatography. The results were discussed that all Phytoconstituents extracted from Fennel, Amla and Tulsi were nom-toxic and safe. All Phytoconstituents were free from heavy metals and Aflatoxin. The major goals of extraction are to increase yields of bioactive substances, reduce extraction time, be more environmentally friendly, and attain economic viability without sacrificing biological activity.
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Veselova, Dana, and Rasma Tretjakova. "EXPERIMENTAL JUSTIFICATION USE OF WOOD ASH." HUMAN. ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. Proceedings of the Students International Scientific and Practical Conference, no. 21 (April 19, 2017): 260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/het2017.21.3573.
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Biomass as a source of energy will reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels, but at the same time, we add value to countries where biomass fuel sources are just beginning to thrive, in addition to providing renewable energy sources. Biomass energy is recognized as an important component in many countries, as future energy scenario and could contribute significantly to the economic, social situation and environmental objectives. Therefore, the emphasis on biomass as an alternative to fossil fuels has increased in recent times. Research has been conducted for the determination of ash wood, wood ash adding soil, wood ash addition of concrete, but to results subdivisions include information on the quantity of wood ash, wood ash for the soil, concrete strength and determination of wood pellets ash compression.
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Ismail, Ardin Rozandi, Danang Purwanto, Tsulis Iqbal Khairul Amar, and Matrunevich Oksana Viktorovna. "COMPARISONAL ANALYSIS OF FLY ASH (CASE STUDY AT PLTU PORT RATU)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ENGINEERING AND APPLIED TECHNOLOGY (IJEAT) 3, no. 2 (2020): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.52005/ijeat.v3i2.41.
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Fly ash can include toxins from high levels of bottom ash in some circumstances, such as burning of solid waste to generate power (resource recovery facilities or waste-to-energy conversion), and combining fly ash and bottom ash together delivers corresponding quantities of contaminants. Under some conditions, fly ash can be classified as non-hazardous waste, but if it is not blended, it can be classified as hazardous waste. The goal of this research was to find out about the differences between fly and bottom ash, as well as the influence of fly ash on bottom ash in terms of avoiding abrasion. In addition, the study's goal was to see how fly ash affected coconut fiber's resistance to abrasion. This study employed a quantitative technique in which the researcher used primary data sources such as questionnaires and observations, as well as secondary data sources such as prior studies. The findings revealed that fly ash had no effect on bottom ash in terms of avoiding abrasion. Furthermore, it is well known that neither fly ash nor bottom ash are effective against coconut fiber. Fly ash has a coarser texture than bottom ash, according to the findings. The regression test revealed that there was no difference between fly ash and bottom ash, as well as coconut coir, in terms of reducing abrasion
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Tennakoon, Chandani, Kwesi Sagoe-Crentsil, Jay G. Sanjayan, and Ahmad Shayan. "Early Age Properties of Alkali Activated Brown Coal Fly Ash Binders." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.457.
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The present study evaluates potential re-use options for two different types of brown coal fly ash (class C) sourced from Australia as feedstock for geopolymer binder systems. The study covers analysis of fundamental material and mix-design requirements for geopolymer binders as a basis to achieve durable brown coal ash geopolymer matrices. The study established that reference unblended 100% brown coal ash geopolymer mortar samples yielded low strength, typically below 5MPa and poor durability. However, appropriate blends of brown coal ash with selected black coal fly ash (class F) and blast furnace slag to achieve target Si/Al ratios significantly enhanced both setting characteristics, as well as early age compressive strength development (25-35MPa) while improving overall durability performance compared to reference mixes. Moreover, lagoon fly ash blended geopolymer shows better durability while dry precipitator fails to perform well. The discussion also focuses on key source material parameters and reaction processes that influence compressive strength and durability behaviour of marginal brown coal ash sources during geopolymerisation reactions.
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Wu, Guoqiang, Zhanlong Ma, Guosheng Li, and Chunmiao Bo. "The distribution and enrichment characteristics of rare earth elements between coals and coal ashes from four coal-fired power plants." RSC Advances 14, no. 4 (2024): 2678–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra08198b.
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Tion, M. A., and P. C. Njoku. "Assessing calcium availability from limestone sources through bone and blood status of chickens." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 36, no. 1 (2021): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v36i1.1396.
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Calcium (Cu) availability from limestone (procured from different cement factories) was assessed through bone and blood status of chickens using the completely randomized design. Five hundred and twenty five (525) straight run broiler chicks that were 28 days Of age (trial l), four hundred and twenty (420) broiler finishers that were 56 days of age (trial 2), and 210 layers that had been laying for six months (trial 3) were used in the study. Six limestone dietary treatments and a control accounted for the seven diets that were assessed Twelve birds per treatment and 4 per replicate that had their weights close to the mean of the pen were selected in the broiler trials (trials I and 2) and three birds per pen and nine per diet were selected in the layer trial (trial 3) for bone and blood samples analysis. Bone samples were analyzed for bone weight, bone length, ash weight, percentage ash, Ca and phosphorus contents of ash and blood samples were analyzed for plasma Ca and alkaline phosphates activity. Results showed similar influence of sources on bone weight, bone length, ash weight and percentage ash. Ca and P contents of ash were significantly (P<0.05) affected by limestone sources but generally. Limestone sources produced mean values that were equal to or than the control diet in the starter phase (trail 1). In the finisher phase (trial 2), only Ca content of ashy varied significantly where Jakura source produced the least mean value. The layer trial (trial 3) also produced mean values that were significant (P <0.05) for Ca content of ash with the Sokoto source producing the least mean value. Plasma Ca and alkaline phosphates enzyme activity attained published values for chickens. It was concluded based on the information from this study that the (h from tested limestone sources was generally available for chicken production.
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Mingari, Leonardo, Arnau Folch, Lucia Dominguez, and Costanza Bonadonna. "Volcanic Ash Resuspension in Patagonia: Numerical Simulations and Observations." Atmosphere 11, no. 9 (2020): 977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090977.
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Resuspension of pyroclastic deposits occurs under specific atmospheric and environmental conditions and typically prolongs and exacerbates the impact associated with the primary emplacement of tephra fallout and pyroclastic density current deposits. An accurate forecasting of the phenomenon, to support Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers (VAACs) and civil aviation management, depends on adapting volcanic ash transport and dispersion models to include specific ash emission schemes. Few studies have attempted to model the mechanisms of emission and transport of windblown volcanic ash, and a systematic study of observed cases has not been carried out yet. This manuscript combines numerical simulations along with a variety of observational data to examine the general features of ash resuspension events in northern Patagonia following the 2011 Cordón Caulle eruption (Chile). The associated outcomes provide new insights into the spatial distribution of sources, frequency of events, transport patterns, seasonal and diurnal variability, and spatio-temporal distribution of airborne ash. A novel modelling approach based on the coupling between Advanced Research core of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) and FALL3D models is presented, with various model improvements that allow overcoming some limitations in previous ash resuspension studies. Outcomes show the importance of integrating source information based on field measurements (e.g., deposit grain size distribution and particle density). We provide evidence of a strong diurnal and seasonal variability associated with the ash resuspension activity in Patagonia. According to the modelled emission fluxes, ash resuspension activity was found to be significantly more intense during daytime hours. Satellite observations and numerical simulations strongly suggest that major emission sources of resuspended ash were distributed across distal areas (>100 km from the vent) of the Patagonian steppe, covered by a thin layer of fine ash. The importance of realistic soil moisture data to properly model the spatial distribution of emission sources is also highlighted.
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A, VELAYUTHAM, VEERABADRAN V, and PANDIAN B J. "Substitution of inorganic potassium by organic sources in rice." Madras Agricultural Journal 88, june (2001): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00338.
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Experiments were conducted during kharif seasons of 194-1996 to evaluate the efficacy of different organic sources to substitute inorganic potassium in rice. Application of 25 percent K as rice husk ash and 75 per cent as muriate to potash produced higher mean rice grain yield of 5666 kg ha" which was 7.32 per cent higher over 100 per cent K through inorganic fertilizer alone. Hundred percent substitution of inorganic potassic fertilizer with organics did not prove to be advantageous. Higher net return per rupee was associated with 25 per cent K as rice husk ash and 75 per cent as MOP.
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Contreras-Trejo, Juan Carlos, Daniel José Vega-Nieva, Maginot Ngangyo Heya, José Angel Prieto-Ruíz, Cynthya Adriana Nava-Berúmen, and Artemio Carrillo-Parra. "Sintering and Fusibility Risks of Pellet Ash from Different Sources at Different Combustion Temperatures." Energies 15, no. 14 (2022): 5026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145026.
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Pellets are solid biofuels with a combustion efficiency of 85–90%, low CO2 emissions and costs, great comfort and versatility. However, the ash generated during combustion can present sintering and fusibility, decreasing boiler efficiency and potentially malfunctioning. Ash composition indexes can be useful to predict observed ash sintering and fusion but require further analysis for a variety of feedstocks. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of the mineral composition of pellet ash from 15 biomasses of forest and agro-industrial sources on observed pellet ash slagging using a laboratory test. The chemical composition of pellets and the indexes B, NaK/B, SiP/CaMg and SiPNaK/CaMg at 550 and 1000 °C were determined. Pearson correlation tests were also performed between cumulative percentages of slag at different sieve sizes. The concentrations of CaO ranged from 4.49 to 65.95%, MgO varied from 1.99 to 17.61%, and the SiO2 concentration was between 16.11 and 28.24% and 2.19–56.75% at 550 and 1000 °C, respectively. Pellets of forest origin presented a low risk of slag formation, while those from agro-industrial sources showed a high risk of slag formation. The index SiPNaK/CaMg showed the highest correlation (R2 > 0.75) to observed slagging using the BioSlag test.
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Navea, Juan G., Emily Richmond, Talia Stortini, and Jillian Greenspan. "Water Adsorption Isotherms on Fly Ash from Several Sources." Langmuir 33, no. 39 (2017): 10161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02028.
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Lăzărescu, Adrian, Călin Mircea, Henriette Szilagyi, and Cornelia Baeră. "Mechanical properties of alkali activated geopolymer paste using different Romanian fly ash sources – experimental results." MATEC Web of Conferences 289 (2019): 11001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928911001.
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As concrete demand is constantly increasing in recent years and also considering that cement production is both a consumer of natural resources and a source of carbon dioxide release into the atmosphere, there have been worldwide investigations into green alternatives for making concrete environmentally friendlier and simultaneously to satisfy the development of infrastructure facilities. The use of fly ash as a component of cementitious binders is not new but when considering the specific case of alkaline activation and fly ash representing the only source for the binder formation, it necessitates a more complete understanding of its specific reactions during the alkaline activation process. Since the fly ash varies dramatically, not only from one source to another, but also from one batch to another even when provided by the same power plant, its chemistry in obtaining alkali-activated materials during the geopolymerisation process and the final mechanical properties are considered crucial for the performance of geopolymer concrete. This paper will provide a review of the experimental results concerning the physical and mechanical evaluation of the alkali-activated fly ash-based geopolymer materials, developed with different types of fly ash, for a better understanding of geopolymer concrete production control.
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Sooryalekshmi, S., H. P. Hadimani, B. L. Tamadaddi, and Anita R. Ghandhe. "Effect of Indigenous Potash Sources on Growth and Yield of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis)." Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research 22, no. 3 (2023): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaar/2023/v22i3442.
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A field experiment was carried out using RBD design with 10 treatments and 3 replications at the main campus, UHS, Bagalkot. Sugar industry by-products such as incinerated ash, distillery sludge and distillery sludge ash were utilised in the experiment to examine their effect as potassium sources on growth and yield of cauliflower. These three distillery byproducts were applied as 100, 50 and 25 per cent as replacement for chemical potassium fertilizer (K2SO4). As a control, the final treatment was 100 per cent potassium sulphate. The N and P were supplied through urea and DAP respectively as per the recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF). . The higher contents of both primary and secondary nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) were observed in the treatment where 25 % of chemical fertilizer was replaced by incinerated ash. The content of these major nutrients and its uptake by the cauliflower plant was significantly higher with the treatment T4 (25% K through incinerated ash + 75% through K2SO4). Significantly higher curd yield (15.86 t ha-1) was associated with the treatment where 25 % of potassium supply was through incinerated ash.
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Alam, Javed, Virendra Kumar Yadav, Krishna Kumar Yadav, et al. "Recent Advances in Methods for the Recovery of Carbon Nanominerals and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons from Coal Fly Ash and Their Emerging Applications." Crystals 11, no. 2 (2021): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11020088.
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Coal fly ash is found to be one of the key pollutants worldwide due to its toxic heavy metal content. However, due to advancements in technology, coal fly ash has gained importance in various emerging fields. They are rich sources of carbonaceous particles which remain unburnt during burning of various coals in thermal power plants (TPPs). Various carbonaceous nanoparticles in the form of fullerenes, soot, and carbon nanotubes could be recovered from coal fly ash by applying trending techniques. Moreover, coal fly ash is comprised of rich sources of organic carbons such as polycyclic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons that are used in various industries for the development of carbon-derived value-added materials and nanocomposites. Here, we focus on all the types of carbon nanominerals from coal fly ash with the latest techniques applied. Moreover, we also emphasize the recovery of organic carbons in polyaromatic (PAHs) and polycyclic hydrocarbons (PCHs) from coal fly ash (CFA). Finally, we try to elucidate the latest applications of such carbon particle in the industry.
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Hartati, Yeni, and Nelvia Nelvia. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN ABU BOILER TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) DI LAHAN GAMBUT." DINAMIKA PERTANIAN 33, no. 1 (2019): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/dp.2017.vol33(1).3814.
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The aim of research to study the effect of Boiler ash origin palm oil mills (PKS) and the pulp on growth and yield of onion (Allium ascalonicum L.) on peatland. Research conducted at the experimental farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, Rimbo Panjang village, Kampar District, Riau Province from August to November 2015. The study using the split-plot design (Split Plot Design), as the main plot, Boiler ash consists of two levels (plant origin MCC and pulp), and the subplot is boiler ash doses (0, 3, 6, and 9 tons/ha). Parameters measured were plant height, tuber number, the weight of tuber per hill, and tuber yield per m2. The results showed that plant height increased markedly in the application of 3 tons/ha ash from two sources, the number of tubers per clump sample increased markedly on the application of 6 tons/ha ash from PKS, as well as tuber weight per hill and tuber yield per m2 tends to increase with the application 3-9 tonnes/ha, the increase is greater with higher doses of ash from both sources.
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B, Minjmaa, and Oyunchimeg T. "Sources of heavy metal contamination in landfill soil covers of Ulaanbaatar." Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 22, no. 03 (2018): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v22i03.966.
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The aim of the study was to determine the source for contents of heavy metals in soils of landfill sites in Ulaanbaatar. Samples were collected from ash of the burned waste near the landfill sites to identify content of heavy metals such as plumbum, chromium, cadmium, nickel and zinc. There are total of 300 mg/kg chromium and 700 mg/kg zinc identified from ash of burned electrical wire, 1000 mg/kg plumbum is identified from the ash of burned tires. According to the comparison of heavy metal contents in landfill sites, landfill of industrial waste has higher content rate of chromium and cadmium than other landfill sites. These open burnings and industrial waste have considerable influences on contaminated soil with heavy metals. This is not only a source for soil contamination but also a risk to air and water pollution or resident health. Therefore, it is indispensable to develop waste management for human health and environmental protection.
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Khairul Nizar, I., Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri, A. R. Rafiza, Hussin Kamarudin, Alida Abdullah, and Zarina Yahya. "Study on Physical and Chemical Properties of Fly Ash from Different Area in Malaysia." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 985–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.985.
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Fly ash is residue from the combustion of coal which widely available in worldwide and lead to waste management proposal. Moreover, the use of fly ash is more environmental friendly and save cost compared to OPC. Fly ash mostly consists of silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and iron oxide (Fe2O3). The chemical compositions of the sample have been examined according to ASTM C618. Different sources of fly ash may result in different chemical composition. The fly ash is mainly an amorphous material with the presents of crystalline phase of quartz and mullite. Fly ash consists of mostly glassy, hollow and spherical particles.
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Fungaro, Denise Alves, Kátia Cruz Silva, and Alaa El Din Mahmoud. "Aluminium Tertiary Industry Waste and Ashes Samples for Development of Zeolitic Material Synthesis." Journal of Applied Materials and Technology 2, no. 2 (2021): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jamt.2.2.66-73.
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Wastes generated in large amounts have been recognized as sustainable sources of raw materials for the synthesis of adsorbents. The synthesis of zeolite through wastes recycling of two different ash sources (coal bottom ash and sugarcane waste ash) and industrial aluminum waste was evaluated. The molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 for zeolite 4A formation was achieved by the addition of aluminum waste from tertiary industry as aluminum source. Coal bottom ash and sugarcane waste ash were used as a source of both silica and alumina. The synthesized materials were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The analysis of the properties of the products demonstrates that the by-products can be used to produce zeolite A. The utilization of synthesized zeolites as adsorbent for cadmium removal from aqueous solution was conducted following the concept of implementation of utilization of waste materials as a component of the circular economy in the wastewater sector.
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Tomy, Teenu, P. Y. Ansary, and Sara Moncy Oommen. "Phytochemical Evaluation of Different Plant Sources of Vaasa (Adhatoda Species)." International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga 06, no. 11 (2023): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.47223/irjay.2023.61101.
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Introduction: Vaasa, a valuable medicinal plant widely used in Ayurvedic medicine, has experienced growing demand, resulting in the availability of both wild and cultivated sources. Experts have identified morphotypes of Adhatoda species in Kerala, indicating variations in active constituents and clinical efficacy. This study specifically focused on assessing physicochemical parameters and phytochemical constituents of different sources of Vaasa. Materials and Methods: The parameters such as foreign matter, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water insoluble ash, moisture content, volatile oil content, fiber content, tannin content, sugar content, phenol content, pH, qualitative analysis of ash, extractive values, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, phenols, carbohydrates, and proteins were estimated in different sources of Vaasa (Adhatoda species): A1 (Valiya adalodakam), A2 (Cheriya adalodakam), A3 (Adhatoda species - Vasika), A4 (Adhatoda species - Ajagandhi), and A5 (Adhatoda beddomei C B Clarke). Results and Discussion: The results revealed comparable physicochemical parameters between sample A1 and Adhatoda vasica Nees, as well as between sample A5 and Adhatoda beddomei C B Clarke, as documented in authentic texts and research articles. In qualitative analysis, no differences were found between samples A2, A3, A4, and A5 compared to sample A1. The study revealed quantitative differences in physicochemical and phytochemical evaluation among the powdered leaf samples. Conclusion: Qualitative analysis did not reveal significant differences among samples A2, A3, A4, and A5 compared to sample A1. However, quantitative variations were observed in both physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical evaluation of the powdered leaf sample. The findings in this study contribute to a better understanding and identification of various Vaasa sources in Ayurvedic medicine, essential for quality control and further research.
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Đolić, Maja, Mirjana Ćujić, Tijana Stanišić, Dragana Čičkarić, Mirjana Ristić, and Aleksandra Perić Grujić. "Contribution to the Serbian coal ranking and fly ash characterization using Pb isotopic ratio." Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 28, no. 4 (2022): 675–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.56801/mme931.
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The Republic of Serbia generates the majority of its electricity at the thermal power plants (TE) Nikola Tesla, Kolubara, and Kostolac. Coal is extracted from the Kolubara basin, which produces approximately 70% of lignite (an average of 30 million tons per year), and the Kostolac basin, which produces 30% of lignite. Ash, fly ash, and slag are examples of coal combustion residues. Because of the high content of potentially hazardous elements such as As, Pb, Cd, and Cr, environmental pollution with ash and fly ash has been extensively researched. Stable isotopes of lead can be used to trace lead sources. It is possible to monitor the presence, transformation pathways, and environmental impact of Pb by determining its isotopic composition in coal and fly ash. For the first time, the isotopic composition of selected coal samples from the Kolubara and Kostolac mines, as well as fly ash from the Kolubara (A and B), Kostolac (A and B), and Nikola Tesla (TENT A3, A2, B2) thermal power plants, was investigated in this study. The obtained data for 206Pb/207Pb in coal serve as the foundation for ranking domestic coals, whereas the isotopic ratios 206Pb/207Pb and 208Pb/207Pb in fly ash can be used to monitor and control lead pollution from investigated sources.
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Yulis Setyawan, Hendrix, Nimas Mayang Sabrina Sunyoto, Yusron Sugiarto, et al. "Characterisation of biochar from various carbon sources." BIO Web of Conferences 90 (2024): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20249006003.
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The purpose of this study was to characterise biochar produced from various carbon sources. This study was conducted using a Nested De sign with three replications. Three carbon sources, rice husk (RH), corn co bs (CC), and bagasse sugarcane (BS) were pyrolysed for 2 hours at temper atures of 400, 500 and 600°C. The three types of biochar were then analyse d on their moisture content, ash content, fixed carbon content, volatile matt er, calorific value, particle size and elemental analysis results. The results of this study were that the temperature of pyrolysis at 600 °C can optimally produce biochar with the lowest moisture content, ash content and volatile matter value, and highest fixed carbon and calorific values. The particle siz e analysis shows that biochar produced using this optimum condition has the smallest average particle size distribution. The elemental analysis condu cted through Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray s pectroscopy (SEM-EDX) shows various elements in each biochar produce d from the three different carbon sources.
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Čajová Kantová, Nikola, Michal Holubčík, Juraj Trnka, and Alexander Čaja. "Analysis of Ash Melting Temperatures of Agricultural Pellets Detected during Different Conditions." Fire 6, no. 3 (2023): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire6030088.
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Agricultural and other residues are promising renewable energy sources. However, they can cause problems in combustion processes. One of these problems is also low ash melting temperatures. Except, the ash melting behavior can be impacted by many factors, such as ash preparation or used atmosphere. This article deals with comparing different atmosphere conditions during measurements of ash melting temperatures of three agricultural pellets: alfalfa, straw, and hay. The first one was oxidizing with compressed air and nitrogen. The second atmosphere was reduced with the air purge, and the last was only reduced, consisting of 60% carbon monoxide and 40% carbon dioxide. Differences between individual atmospheres were none, up to 9.8%. The most significant differences have appeared between oxidizing and reducing atmospheres. In general, the oxidizing atmosphere presents a less expensive way. More attention should be paid to the use of oxidizing atmosphere for applications in heat sources mainly due to its similarity to the combustion process. However, it would be suitable to realize more comprehensive research regarding ash preparation in different ways and with using of different types of fuel.
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Ratnika, Līga, and Ināra Laizāne. "STUDY OF POSSIBILITIES OF USING WOOD ASH." HUMAN. ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. Proceedings of the Students International Scientific and Practical Conference, no. 24 (April 22, 2020): 156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/het2020.24.6768.
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Within the framework of the work, the chemical properties of 32 samples from 3 different heat energy production sources were determined in order to evaluate the possibilities of their use. Possibilities of using wood ash in agriculture, forestry and construction were considered. Ash samples contain high concentrations of calcium and its compounds. The prospect of using ash is to use it to fertilize agricultural and forest land.
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Sharma, Om Prakash, and Yogesh Kumar Sharma. "A Review on Evaluation Parameter for Moringa oleifera Flower as Potent Anti-Diarrhoeal Activity." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 4-A (2019): 762–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4-a.3523.
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The fresh flower of Moringa oleifera were collected from geographical sources, Qualitative analysis by physicochemical test were performed, Analytical Parameter will be perform as Ash Values, total ash value, acid insoluble ash value, water soluble ash value, extractive Values, loss on drying according to given methods, then extraction and fractionation by appropriate method and isolated the phytoconstituents further go for evaluation purpose by castor oil-Induced model and data will analyze by one-way ANOVA. Keywords: Moringa oleifera, anti-diarrheal activity, castor oil-Induced model and Moringa.
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Alshehri, Talal, Amar Yasser Jassim, Bo Cai, Tammi L. Richardson, and Mohammed Baalousha. "Comparative Assessment of the Impacts of Wildland–Urban Interface Fire Ash on Growth of the Diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii." Nanomaterials 15, no. 6 (2025): 422. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15060422.
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Fires at the wildland–urban interface (WUI) result in the release of ash into the atmosphere that can be transported for long distances and deposited on land and in oceans. Wildfire ash has the potential to increase phytoplankton biomass in the open ocean by providing both major nutrients and trace metals. However, fires that originate at the WUI contain potentially toxic concentrations of metals such as Ti, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn, especially in coastal oceans close to WUI fires, where ash deposition rates are high. Here, we investigated the impact of fire ash from different sources originating from vegetation, structures, and vehicles on growth of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii (T. weissflogii). The diatom was exposed to ash suspensions containing equimolar concentrations of 10 and 50 µM Fe. The concentration of potentially toxic metals (e.g., Ti, Cu, and Zn) in the exposure suspensions decreased following the order vehicle ash suspension > structural ash suspension > vegetation ash suspension. Growth rates (GR) of T. weissflogii were between 0.44 d−1 and 0.52 d−1 in the controls, and varied with ash types, following the order vegetation (GR = 0.40 d−1 to 0.48 d−1) > vehicle (GR = 0.06 d−1 to 0.46 d−1) > structure (GR = 0.02 d−1 to 0.31 d−1) ash. Two ash samples (A 131 and A136) completely inhibited the growth of T. weissflogii, possibly due to high Ti, Cu, and Zn concentrations in the form of (nano)particles. Overall, this study showed that structural and vehicle ash, with high concentrations of potentially toxic metals, significantly suppress the growth of T. weissflogii, whereas vegetation ash with high concentrations of Fe and Mn but low concentrations of potentially toxic metals had no significant beneficial or suppressive effect. High concentrations of the metals Ti, Cu, and Zn in the form of nano(particles) in structural and vehicle ash are possible sources of toxicity to diatom growth. This study provides valuable insights into the potential impacts of WUI fires on aquatic ecosystems and can inform management strategies aimed at reducing these impacts.
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Fatima, A. Al-Qadri, Alsaiari Raiedhah, Mohamed Mohamed Mervate, et al. "Bio-Sorbent of Silica Ash from Palm Frond for Elimination Chromium (VI) from W ater Sources." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 17, no. 11 (2024): 979–89. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v17i11.3275.
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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong> This study describes the creation of a low-cost silica material using a silicate extract as a precursor. The main objective of this work is to develop an inexpensive sample to use as green removal for toxic heavy metals from water sources. <strong>Methods:</strong> This work produces Silica ash from combustion palm frond as waste ash through a simple calcination process at 500°C and a green extraction with water. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption of the ash has done, FTIR analyses, and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the samples. Adsorption Cr(VI) equilibrium data onto silica ash was done by Batch process using 0.25 g of waste palm frond ash silica and 100 mL of solutions with varying beginning Cr(VI) concentrations ranging from 100 to 400 mg/L at 70 °C, normal pH, and continuous stirring for 24 hours at a constant agitation speed. The effect of different conditions pH, temperatures, initial concentrations, dosage, and time on the adsorption capacity were investigated. The adsorption isotherms were fitted using Langmuir and Freundlich models, the adsorption kinetics were evaluated using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order models also thermodynamic parameters were calculated. <strong>Findings:</strong> The extracted silica FTIR spectra were analyzed with main characteristic peaks at 500–1590 and 490–510 cm were assigned to (Si-O-Si), (Si-OH). N2 adsorption isotherm of the functionalized silica gave a hysteresis loop in the range of p/p° between (0.5 and 1). The resulting mesoporous silica ash material had a surface area of 226.36 m2/g and pore sizes of 6.7 nm. This low-cost silica ash-based adsorbent has a maximum Chromium Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of (83.79 mg/g) values. The removal of Cr(VI) was between 97% and 98 % by was for all used factors, the Adsorption obtained capacity q max (mg/g) by Langmuir was 58.87 mg/g and the n value obtained by Freundlich isotherm was 1.1. The negative results of thermodynamic parameters for adsorption of Chromium (VI) onto silica surface values suggested that the adsorption process was spontaneous and that the adsorbate's state at the solid/solution interface became less random and the values obtained were ∆S (-151.6 J.mol-1), ∆H° (-18.88 J.mol-1), and ∆G°(- 1797 J.mol-1). <strong>Novelty:</strong> The results show that produced silica from palm waste ash has a strong capability for eliminating toxic metals as Chromium (VI) as a low-cost alternative to commercial adsorbent. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Palm frond, Silica, Chromium (VI), Adsorption, Kinetic, Thermodynamic, Waste ash
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Tharajak, Jirasak, and Noppakun Sanpo. "A Study on Characterization of Biomass Fly Ash." Applied Mechanics and Materials 891 (May 2019): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.891.137.
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Biomass fly ash is an ash combustion product. It is composed of the particulates (fine particles of fuel) driven out of biomass-fired boilers together with the flue gases. The understanding of the behaviour and property of fly ash is very important in order to predict the consumable part lifetime inside industrial boiler system. In this research study, the several characterization processes were carried out. It was revealed that biomass fly ash obtained from different sources presented unique property and more results were displayed in experimental result section.
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Ramadina, Wardah, Syafruddin Syam, and Ramadani Ramadani. "Analisis Hukum pada Menerima Upah Mengajar Al-Qur'an Menurut Fiqh Hanafi dan Fiqh Asy-Syafi'i Studi Kasus Kecamatan Medan Deras Kabupaten Batu Bara." AHKAM 2, no. 4 (2023): 682–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.58578/ahkam.v2i4.1872.
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Wages are a right that must be paid to workers as compensation for the work they have done. Islam provides guidelines that the payment of wages is made upon completion of a job. The aim of this research is to find out what the opinions of Hanafi fiqh and Ash-Shafi'i fiqh are regarding receiving wages for teaching the Koran and to find out which opinion is the most persistent between the opinions of Hanafi fiqh and the opinion of Ash-Shafi'i fiqh. The type of research used is normative sociological research using a descriptive and comparative approach and the raw material sources used in this research are primary and secondary material sources. The results of this research are that between Hanafi fiqh and Ash-Shafi'i fiqh there are differences of opinion regarding receiving wages for teaching the Koran. The Hanafi fiqh opinion does not allow receiving wages for teaching the Koran, while the Ash-Shafi'i fiqh opinion allows receiving wages for teaching the Koran.
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Hapsoh, Hapsoh, Boni Vasius Suwantua- T, and Sri Yoseva. "The Use of Two Potassium Sources on the Growth and Production of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) in Inceptisol." JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN 19, no. 1 (2023): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2023.19.1.87.
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Production of sweet potatoes in Riau Province has decreased from 9,667 tons in 2018, 8,021 tons in 2019, to 7,305 tons in 2020, due to a decrease in harvested area of 490 ha in 2018, 483 ha in 2019, and 371 ha in 2020. To increase production, efforts that can be done is by expanding the planting area by utilizing Inceptisol soil. However, Inceptisol soil has constraints in terms of its chemical and physical properties. Effort to develop sweet potatoes in Inceptisol soil is by using empty fruit bunch (EFB) ash which is a source of potassium, although farmers usually use inorganic potassium fertilizer (KCl). This research aims to determine the effect of using two sources of potassium on the growth and production of sweet potato. The research used a non-factorial completely randomized design with 5 treatments, KCl 100 kg/ha, KCl 125 kg/ha, EFB ash 1000 kg/ha, EFB ash 2000 kg/ha and EFB ash 3000 kg/ha. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance followed by Duncan's multiple range test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the application of EFB ash 1000-2000 kg/ha can increase sweet potato in Inceptisol by increasing tuber weight per 2.45 m2.
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Hu, B., F. Naveed, F. Tasneem, and C. Xing. "THE EARLY DETECTION OF THE EMERALD ASH BORER (EAB) USING MULTI-SOURCE REMOTELY SENSED DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3 (April 30, 2018): 553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-553-2018.
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The objectives of this study were to exploit the synergy of hyperspectral imagery, Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) and high spatial resolution data and their synergy in the early detection of the EAB (Emerald Ash Borer) presence in trees within urban areas and to develop a framework to combine information extracted from multiple data sources. To achieve these, an object-oriented framework was developed to combine information derived from available data sets to characterize ash trees. Within this framework, an advanced individual tree delineation method was developed to delineate individual trees using the combined high-spatial resolution worldview-3 imagery was used together with LiDAR data. Individual trees were then classified to ash and non-ash trees using spectral and spatial information. In order to characterize the health state of individual ash trees, leaves from ash trees with various health states were sampled and measured using a field spectrometer. Based on the field measurements, the best indices that sensitive to leaf chlorophyll content were selected. The developed framework and methods were tested using worldview-3, airborne LiDAR data over the Keele campus of York University Toronto Canada. Satisfactory results in terms of individual tree crown delineation, ash tree identification and characterization of the health state of individual ash trees. Quantitative evaluations is being carried out.
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Augustina, Nadya, Rintis Manfaati, Alfiani Rizky, Yusmardhany Yusuf, and Alfiana Adhitasari. "A Comparative Study of Coconut Shell and Melinjo Shell as Carbon Sources for Bio-Briquette Production." Eksergi 21, no. 2 (2024): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/e.v21i2.10180.
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The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of adding Melinjo shells on the quality and efficiency of charcoal-based bio-briquettes. A combination of coconut shells and Melinjo shells in various ratios was utilized in the study. The briquettes were produced through a carbonization process at a temperature of 300°C for 60 minutes, with tapioca flour used as a binder. Subsequently, the briquettes underwent testing to determine moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and calorific value. The research findings indicated that all briquettes met the calorific value requirements set by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), exceeding 5,000 cal/g. The addition of Melinjo shells resulted in a reduction in ash and volatile matter content but also led to a decrease in calorific value. Based on the analysis, the optimal composition obtained was 90 grams of coconut shells and 10 grams of Melinjo shells, producing briquettes with a calorific value of 5,582 cal/g, ash content of 3.76%, and volatile matter content of 6.65%. Therefore, further research is recommended to identify easily combustible components in Melinjo shells to ensure their potential in reducing the amount of ash produced when the briquettes are burned.
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Prasetyo, Teguh Budi, Syafrimen Yasin, and Edri Yeni. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN ABU BATUBARA SEBAGAI SUMBER SILIKA (SI) BAGI PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L)." Jurnal Solum 7, no. 1 (2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/js.7.1.1-6.2010.
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A research about use of coal ash as a silicate source for rice production was conducted in Greenhouse at Agriculture Faculty of Andalas University from October 2006 to February 2007. The objective of this research was to study the effect of coal fly ash as silicon (Si) sources for the growth and production rice crops (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment was designed on Completely Randomized Block Design with four treatments and three replications. The treatments consist of ; 0 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha , 40 ton/ha and 60 ton/ha coal fly ash. The result showed that, fly ash from coal burning could increase available fosfor and reduce dissolved aluminum in the soil. Fly ash could also increase crop production, P- and Si-absorption by crops.Key Words: coal fly ash, silicate, rice crops
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Grawe, Sarah, Stefanie Augustin-Bauditz, Susan Hartmann, et al. "The immersion freezing behavior of ash particles from wood and brown coal burning." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 21 (2016): 13911–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13911-2016.
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Abstract. It is generally known that ash particles from coal combustion can trigger ice nucleation when they interact with water vapor and/or supercooled droplets. However, data on the ice nucleation of ash particles from different sources, including both anthropogenic and natural combustion processes, are still scarce. As fossil energy sources still fuel the largest proportion of electric power production worldwide, and biomass burning contributes significantly to the global aerosol loading, further data are needed to better assess the ice nucleating efficiency of ash particles. In the framework of this study, we found that ash particles from brown coal (i.e., lignite) burning are up to 2 orders of magnitude more ice active in the immersion mode below −32 °C than those from wood burning. Fly ash from a coal-fired power plant was shown to be the most efficient at nucleating ice. Furthermore, the influence of various particle generation methods on the freezing behavior was studied. For instance, particles were generated either by dispersion of dry sample material, or by atomization of ash–water suspensions, and then led into the Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator (LACIS) where the immersion freezing behavior was examined. Whereas the immersion freezing behavior of ashes from wood burning was not affected by the particle generation method, it depended on the type of particle generation for ash from brown coal. It was also found that the common practice of treating prepared suspensions in an ultrasonic bath to avoid aggregation of particles led to an enhanced ice nucleation activity. The findings of this study suggest (a) that ash from brown coal burning may influence immersion freezing in clouds close to the source and (b) that the freezing behavior of ash particles may be altered by a change in sample preparation and/or particle generation.
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Capponi, Antonio, Natalie J. Harvey, Helen F. Dacre, et al. "Refining an ensemble of volcanic ash forecasts using satellite retrievals: Raikoke 2019." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 9 (2022): 6115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-6115-2022.
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Abstract. Volcanic ash advisories are produced by specialised forecasters who combine several sources of observational data and volcanic ash dispersion model outputs based on their subjective expertise. These advisories are used by the aviation industry to make decisions about where it is safe to fly. However, both observations and dispersion model simulations are subject to various sources of uncertainties that are not represented in operational forecasts. Quantification and communication of these uncertainties are fundamental for making more informed decisions. Here, we develop a data assimilation method that combines satellite retrievals and volcanic ash transport and dispersion model (VATDM) output, considering uncertainties in both data sources. The methodology is applied to a case study of the 2019 Raikoke eruption. To represent uncertainty in the VATDM output, 1000 simulations are performed by simultaneously perturbing the eruption source parameters, meteorology, and internal model parameters (known as the prior ensemble). The ensemble members are filtered, based on their level of agreement with the ash column loading, and their uncertainty, of the Himawari–8 satellite retrievals, to produce a constrained posterior ensemble. For the Raikoke eruption, filtering the ensemble skews the values of mass eruption rate towards the lower values within the wider parameters ranges initially used in the prior ensemble (mean reduces from 1 to 0.1 Tg h−1). Furthermore, including satellite observations from subsequent times increasingly constrains the posterior ensemble. These results suggest that the prior ensemble leads to an overestimate of both the magnitude and uncertainty in ash column loadings. Based on the prior ensemble, flight operations would have been severely disrupted over the Pacific Ocean. Using the constrained posterior ensemble, the regions where the risk is overestimated are reduced, potentially resulting in fewer flight disruptions. The data assimilation methodology developed in this paper is easily generalisable to other short duration eruptions and to other VATDMs and retrievals of ash from other satellites.
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Wonghom, Yannawut, Siripan Nilpairach, Charusporn Mongkolkachit, Thanataon Pornphatdetaudom, and Thanakorn Wasanapiarnpong. "Effects of Bituminous Coal Ash Addition in Pottery Products." Key Engineering Materials 798 (April 2019): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.798.242.
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Bituminous coal ash, fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA), from coal power plant were studied in this research for utilizations in ceramic and pottery industries. Both fly ash and bottom ash mixed with four different ball clays from two kinds of ceramic pottery products such as flowerpot and construction brick, Ratchaburi, Chantaburi, Angthong and Chonburi ball clay. The mixtures were varying ratio between ashes and clays depend on clay sources. After mixing, the bodies were formed to test pieces and were then fired at 800-1200 °C. The results indicated that, added fly ash 0-40 wt% significantly decreased water absorption and increased bending strength when fired at 1150 °C or above. For color effect, CIE L*a*b* color space, both fly ash and bottom ash revealed the samples less lightness, more red and yellow appearance. These results are obvious when fired at 1150oC or above. Following the results, fly ash is possible to be used in ceramic pottery industries replaced with other addition such as sand and pottery stone.
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Piva, Jonatas Thiago, Caroline Ferreira Ceia Ramos Brenner, and Djalma Eugênio Schmitt. "Uso de cinza de madeira e cama de aviário no desenvolvimento inicial de Eucalyptus benthamii." Revista de Ciências Agroveterinárias 23, no. 2 (2024): 256–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5965/223811712322024256.
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The Brazilian soils generally exhibit low natural fertility, including forest soils. The study aims to evaluate the initial growth of Eucalyptus benthamii in the plateau region of Santa Catarina, with the application of organic and mineral fertilization sources. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, using a Haplic Cambisol. Each experimental unit consisted of a 2.5 dm³ soil pot. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with four treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of the following fertilizer sources: control (without fertilizer); mineral fertilizer (NPK 9-33-12, equivalent to 187 mg dm³); poultry litter at a dose equivalent to 2,200 kg ha-¹; and eucalyptus wood ash at a dose of 5,500 kg ha-¹. The quantity of each fertilizer was applied to provide the equivalent of 50 kg of P₂O₅ ha⁻¹. Plant height, number of leaf pairs at 90 and 180 days, dry weight of aboveground and root parts, Dickson's quality index, and phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) levels in eucalyptus aboveground parts were evaluated. Fertilization with wood ash resulted in greater height at 90 days after establishment, being similar to mineral fertilizer and control at 90 days and similar to mineral fertilization. At 180 days, wood ash was superior to other fertilizer sources, being similar to mineral fertilization. Dry weight of aboveground parts, dry weight of roots, and N and P content in aboveground parts showed no differences among the fertilizer sources. Poultry litter fertilization inhibited the initial growth of the species; however, fertilization with wood ash could be an alternative for planting Eucalyptus benthamii.
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Liban, Roble İbrahim, Ülkü Sultan Keskin, and Oğuzhan Öztürk. "Mechanical strength variation of zeolite-fly ash geopolymer mortars with different activator concentrations." Challenge Journal of Concrete Research Letters 12, no. 3 (2021): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.20528/cjcrl.2021.03.003.
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Zeolite is of a significance for geopolymers as it is a natural precursor and does not require additional heat treatment for activation. However, aluminosilicates sourced from natural sources require additional handling for the best use of exploitation. In this study, geopolymers were synthesized by binary use of zeolite and fly ash as main binding material and sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide as alkaline activator. The influence of alkaline activator ratios and sodium hydroxide concentrations on the compressive strength and flexural strength of the zeolite-fly ash based geopolymers were studied. In this research, zeolite-fly ash based geopolymer mortars were produced by using 50% of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) and 50% of C-type fly ash. Four different activator ratios (Na2SiO3/NaOH: 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5) and two sodium hydroxide molarities (10M and 12M) was utilized to activate zeolite and fly ash in order to determine the effect of these parameters on the mechanical strengths of the produced geopolymer mortars. The results indicated that as the alkaline activator ratio and NH molarity were increased the compressive strength of the zeolite-fly ash based geopolymers also increased. The maximum compressive and flexural strength values obtained after 28 days of curing were 20.1 MPa and 5.3 MPa respectively and corresponds when used activator ratio of 2.5 and sodium hydroxide concentration of 12 molarity. The obtained results indicated that both the alkaline activator ratio and sodium hydroxide concentration affected the compressive and flexural strengths of zeolite-fly ash based geopolymer mortar specimens.
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Raudhatu Shofiah, Dian Fiantis, Amrizal Saidi, and Roslan Ismail. "Soil renewal and metal ions pollutants removal in water by using volcanic ash from Mt. Sinabung and Mt. Merapi eruptions." Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 19, no. 2 (2022): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/jip.v19i2.9655.
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Volcano activities form about 22% of Indonesian landforms; 35 are Sumatra volcanoes with many sources of volcanic ash. Mt. Sinabung and Mt. Merapi were the most significant eruptions issuing abundant material. This study aims to identify volcanic ash's morphological, mineralogical, and chemical properties from both volcanoes. This study also determines their optimum adsorption capacity in removing water pollutant materials, especially iron (Fe3+) and aluminum (Al3+). This study began by identifying the properties of the sample, such as color, pH H2O and KCl, chemical composition with XRF, exchangeable bases-cation exchange capacity, and mineral identification by using XRD and SEM. Then, batch adsorption studies were performed to determine the adsorption capacity of volcanic ash. Volcanic ash samples were gray to light gray with pH 2.9 – 5 and contained silicate minerals, i.e., feldspar, quartz, plagioclase, magnetite, and gypsum. Volcanic ash consisted of rich material that was important for increasing soil nutrients. The macronutrient of Mt. Sinabung in the order of Ca, Mg, K, S, P, and Mt. Merapi of S, Ca, Mg, K, and P act as sources of soil renewal. The adsorption capacity of volcanic ash to adsorb Al3+ and Fe3+ from water pollutants increased after the temperature reached 90oC, and pH tends to be less acidic.
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Raudhatu Shofiah, Dian Fiantis, Amrizal Saidi, and Roslan Ismail. "Soil renewal and metal ions pollutants removal in water by using volcanic ash from Mt. Sinabung and Mt. Merapi eruptions." Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 19, no. 2 (2022): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/jip.v19i2.9655.
Full textAbstract:
Volcano activities form about 22% of Indonesian landforms; 35 are Sumatra volcanoes with many sources of volcanic ash. Mt. Sinabung and Mt. Merapi were the most significant eruptions issuing abundant material. This study aims to identify volcanic ash's morphological, mineralogical, and chemical properties from both volcanoes. This study also determines their optimum adsorption capacity in removing water pollutant materials, especially iron (Fe3+) and aluminum (Al3+). This study began by identifying the properties of the sample, such as color, pH H2O and KCl, chemical composition with XRF, exchangeable bases-cation exchange capacity, and mineral identification by using XRD and SEM. Then, batch adsorption studies were performed to determine the adsorption capacity of volcanic ash. Volcanic ash samples were gray to light gray with pH 2.9 – 5 and contained silicate minerals, i.e., feldspar, quartz, plagioclase, magnetite, and gypsum. Volcanic ash consisted of rich material that was important for increasing soil nutrients. The macronutrient of Mt. Sinabung in the order of Ca, Mg, K, S, P, and Mt. Merapi of S, Ca, Mg, K, and P act as sources of soil renewal. The adsorption capacity of volcanic ash to adsorb Al3+ and Fe3+ from water pollutants increased after the temperature reached 90oC, and pH tends to be less acidic.
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Langmann, Baerbel. "Volcanic Ash versus Mineral Dust: Atmospheric Processing and Environmental and Climate Impacts." ISRN Atmospheric Sciences 2013 (June 12, 2013): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/245076.
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This review paper contrasts volcanic ash and mineral dust regarding their chemical and physical properties, sources, atmospheric load, deposition processes, atmospheric processing, and environmental and climate effects. Although there are substantial differences in the history of mineral dust and volcanic ash particles before they are released into the atmosphere, a number of similarities exist in atmospheric processing at ambient temperatures and environmental and climate impacts. By providing an overview on the differences and similarities between volcanic ash and mineral dust processes and effects, this review paper aims to appeal for future joint research strategies to extend our current knowledge through close cooperation between mineral dust and volcanic ash researchers.
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El-Nahas, Safaa, Abdulrahem S. Arafat, Hanan Salah El Din, Abdulrahman G. Alhamzani, Mortaga M. Abou-Krisha, and Hesham M. Alsoghier. "A Novel Alternative Methods for Decalcification of Water Resources Using Green Agro-Ashes." Molecules 26, no. 22 (2021): 6777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226777.
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The strategic idea in this work was to increase pH values by employing natural alkali sources (i.e., HCO3− and CO32−) from four tested agro-ashes as an alternative to chemicals (i.e., lime or soda ash). The considerable proportion of carbonates and bicarbonates in the investigated ash products had remarkable features, making them viable resources. All ash materials showed a significant ability for Ca ion elimination at high initial Ca ion concentrations. A slight quantity of ash (10 g/L) was sufficient for usage on very hard water contents up to 3000 ppm. Finally, the tested agro-ash was free of cost. Furthermore, unlike other conventional precipitants, such as NaOH, Ca(OH)2, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, and CaO, they are cost effective and ecologically sustainable. There is no need to employ any additional chemicals or modify the agro-ash materials throughout the treatment process. The benefits of the manufactured ash were assessed using a SWOT analysis.
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Hady, M. Samsul. "FILSAFAT IKHWAN ASH-SHAFA." ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam 8, no. 2 (2018): 117–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ua.v8i2.6199.
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Brethren of Purity (Ikhwan al-Safa) is a group of philosophers in medieval Islamic history. They declared themselves as opponents of any chastity, impurity, or opacity. Their thoughts compiled in an encyclopedia containing of fifty two treaties (epistles), titled al-Rasa'il Ikhwan al-Safa wa Khullan al-Wafa. Al-Rasa'il extensively surveys a huge range of subjects ranging from music to magic. They are didactic in tone and highly eclectic in content, providing both pedagogical and culture mirror of their Age and its diverse philosophies and creeds. Therefore, al-Rasail is still debatable of its origin, one claims to the writing of Ali bin Abi Talib, the fourth Muslim Caliph (d. 40/661), or the writing of the sixth Shi'ite imam, Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq. The encyclopedia aspires to encompass all knowledge, from all sources, and to give meaning to the struggles of the human race. One of all amazing notions of the Brethren of Purity is a numerical symbolism as applied to explain qualitative correspondence of three principal beings: God as The Creator, universe, and human being.
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Naz, Aliya, and Abhiroop Chowdhury. "Potentially toxic elements in fly ash bricks and associated ecological health risk: An opinionated review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1409, no. 1 (2024): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1409/1/012008.
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Abstract Exposure to potentially toxic elements (PTE) from various sources seriously threatens the ecosystem in the modern era. Fly ash produced from coal and solid waste combustion contains a high concentration of PTE. Fly ash is a major by-product of coal-based thermal power plants and municipal solid waste incineration units. Due to the high demand for fly ash reuse due to its unique properties, fly ash is now in demand for manufacturing of various building materials and geo-liner for landfills. Brick is the primary building material used in construction. Fly ash bricks are very popular nowadays due to their low cost and high durability. This study reveals the ecological risk index through the exposure of heavy metals in fly ash reported in various studies. Results indicate extremely high ecological risk mainly due to Cd content in fly ash followed by Hg, As, Cu, and Pb. Fly ash is one of the causative agents for several diseases affecting the nervous system, skin, circulatory system, digestive system, reproductive system, and immune responses in the human body.
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Kuligowski, Ksawery, Robert John Gilkes, Tjalfe Gorm Poulsen, and Baiq Emielda Yusiharni. "Ash from the thermal gasification of pig manure—effects on ryegrass yield, element uptake, and soil properties." Soil Research 50, no. 5 (2012): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr12075.
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Effects of thermally gasified pig manure ash (GA) and lime-free gasified ash (LF-GA) on properties of an acidic soil (pH 4.5) and the growth and elemental uptake of ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) were investigated. The GA was an effective liming agent (2% addition raised soil pH from 4.5 to 7.9); both GA and LF-GA increased soil electrical conductivity and bicarbonate-extractable phosphorus (P). Soil fertilised with LF-GA supported slightly higher plant dry matter (DM) yield than GA (1.5–1.7 v. 1.2–1.5 g DM/kg soil) for the first harvest, due to greater initial P availability at pH <5 than at pH >6. However, plant yields for the subsequent two harvests were similar, as soil acidity dissolved lime in untreated ash (GA) over time. Maximum yields for ash-treated soil and soil treated with mono-calcium phosphate (MCP) were similar. Relative agronomic effectiveness of P sources for three harvests, based on plant P content compared with values for MCP, were 6, 11, and 12% for GA and 19, 10, and 33% for LF-GA. Internal efficiency of P utilisation was similar for all three P sources for each harvest, indicating that differences in yield were mostly a consequence of differences in P supply. Heavy metal concentrations in plants fertilised with ash were minor and within regulatory limits. In general, application of ash did not systematically affect the concentrations of elements (Al, B, Cd, Mg, Mn, Fe, Pb, S, Se) in plants.
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Asdar, Faizal. "Fikih Indonesia Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy." Bilancia: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum 17, no. 1 (2023): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/blc.v17i1.1793.
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The Indonesian fiqh framework offered by Hasbi is not an idea of thinking that abandons the thinking tradition of classical scholars with the jargon of reform it offers. The basic framework remains in the main sources of Islamic law, namely the Koran, Hadith, Ijma, Qiyas, Ra'yu, and Urf. The notion of Indonesian jurisprudence is also based on the main source of Islamic law, Indonesian jurisprudence must pay attention to the Indonesian contextual situation, so that answers to legal problems do not become foreign products for society. The idea of Indonesian jurisprudence on issues for which there is no legal answer, according to Hasbi, must be decided in a collective ijtihad model which will later provide more comprehensive answers to problems from all perspectives of the problem.
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FRETZDORFF, S., and J. L. SMELLIE. "Electron microprobe characterization of ash layers in sediments from the central Bransfield basin (Antarctic Peninsula): evidence for at least two volcanic sources." Antarctic Science 14, no. 4 (2002): 412–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102002000214.
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Bransfield Strait, a narrow active rift with three submarine basins, separates the South Shetland Islands from northern Antarctic Peninsula. Volcanism in Bransfield Strait commenced prior to 0.75 Ma and continues, with recent subaerial eruptions at Deception, Bridgeman and Penguin islands, submarine hydrothermal activity and numerous young basaltic seamounts located along the rift axis. Gravity cores were collected from five locations within the central Bransfield basin. Diatomaceous mud interbedded with terrigenous detritus and discrete ash layers up to 10 cm thick are the commonest sediment types in all the cores. The major element compositions of glass shards within the ash layers are, apart from the uppermost layer, compositionally similar to pyroclastic units preserved on Deception Island, a young (<0.75 Ma) active stratovolcano. The uppermost ash layer cannot be closely matched compositionally to any known source in the Antarctic–Scotia Sea–southern South America region. Its presence indicates that a volcanic centre other than Deception Island contributed ash to the Bransfield basin. Based on the shallow stratigraphical position of the compositionally distinctive ash layer, only a few decimetres beneath the seafloor, its source volcano was probably active in historical times (<few hundred years).
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Nurwidayati, Ratni, Muhammad Bahrul Ulum, Januarti Jaya Ekaputri, Triwulan, and Priyo Suprobo. "Characterization of Fly Ash on Geopolymer Paste." Materials Science Forum 841 (January 2016): 118–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.841.118.
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The effect of loss of ignition, specific gravity, fineness, specific surface area and soluble fly ash to compressive strength of geopolymer paste were studied. Six fly ashes from two different sources and different time of collection were evaluated. Sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate were used as alkali activator. Concentration of sodium hydroxide and mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to sodium silicate were fixed 14M and one respectively. The result indicated that the improvement in compressive strength of geopolymer paste was more influenced by fineness, specific surface area and soluble content of fly ash. Soluble content of fly ash greatly affected the compressive strength of geopolymer paste compare to the compressive strength of cement paste with 20% fly ash replacement.