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1
ile, M. Mdletye, Coetzee Jos, and I. Ukpere Wilfred. "The impact of transformational change in the Department of Correctional Services of South Africa." African Journal of Business Management 6, no. 50 (December 19, 2012): 11986–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajbm12.1435.
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Murhula, Patrick Bashizi Bashige, and Shanta Balgobind Singh. "An Empirical Assessment of the Effectiveness of Offenders’ Rehabilitation Approach in South Africa: A Case Study of the Westville Correctional Centre in KwaZulu-Natal." Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man 20, no. 2 (October 7, 2020): 347–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972558x20952972.
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The South African Department of Correctional Services (DCS) has a constitutional mandate to provide rehabilitation programs that address offenders’ criminal conducts. The rehabilitation approach currently used to deliver this mandate is grounded on the needs-based model where dynamic factors associated with recidivism are systematically targeted in the treatment of offenders’ criminal behaviors. In this research, a qualitative research methodology was employed, and a case study research design was utilized. Purposeful non-probability sampling was utilized to recruit participants. Thirty inmates and 20 correctional center officials who met the inclusion criteria for the study were selected to participate. Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect data during the empirical investigation. The findings of this study demonstrated that the DCS’s mission is far from being accomplished due to its failure to implement rehabilitation programs. The research study, therefore, recommends that for the success of a rehabilitation approach in South Africa, a critical review of the strategy meant to achieve this goal is required.
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Mdletye, Mbongeni, Jos Coetzee, and Wilfred Ukpere. "The strengths and weaknesses of the transformational change management process in the South African department of correctional services: A critical analysis." Journal of Governance and Regulation 3, no. 4 (2014): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v3_i4_c2_p10.
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Change management research has become a critical focus area for change scholars because of the low success rate in change implementation. This exposition of how the transformational change process has been managed at the Department of Correctional Service was meant to show managers, particularly in the said department, that unless managers pay serious attention to certain critical aspects which must form part of the change management process, no real change would be attained. This becomes critical if one considers that there is still a long way to go in the process of transformation to the philosophy of rehbilitation, namely transforming correctional centres to effective institutions of offender rehabilitation. There is currently limited literature on organisational change approaches that are people-oriented. The available literature seems to focus more on the technical aspects (hard issues such as structures, systems and practices) in terms of change management at the expense of people issues (soft issues such as the human factors). It has been argued that the neglect of people issues in the management of organisational change processes is responsible for the high failure rate in change implementation. For purposes of contextualising transformational change management within the setting of the Department of Correctional Services, an extensive literature study was undertaken. This was followed by an empirical analysis of data collected through survey questionnaires from correctional officials and offenders respectively. The research established that there were strong and weak points in the DCS transformational change management process from the perspective of both research participants.
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Biggs, Lisa. "Serious Fun at Sun City: Theatre for Incarcerated Women in the “New” South Africa." Theatre Survey 57, no. 1 (December 9, 2015): 4–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040557415000538.
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Women have been largely invisible in crime discourse in South Africa; they have never been conceived of as either the primary authors or objects of the law. Yet according to the Republic of South Africa Department of Correctional Services (DCS), they are one of the fastest-growing segments of the prison population today. In the eight years following democratic elections in 1994, DCS reports that the number of women behind bars grew by over 31 percent. From 2008 to 2012 alone, the women's prison population rose by 10 percent while the number of men behind bars declined. These increases are not fully attributable to an escalation in women's illicit behavior. Instead, shifts in policing and sentencing policies now mandate longer sentences for crimes for which women are most likely to be convicted—both aggressive and non-violent, often poverty-related, offenses such as theft (shoplifting, robbery, burglary, carjacking, fraud, embezzlement), narcotics (trafficking, sale, distribution), and sex work.
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Prinsloo, Johannes H. "The Underlying Motives of University Student Volunteers Participating in Community Service Activities in Custodial Settings in South Africa: A Philosophical Perspective." Phronimon 18 (August 31, 2017): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2413-3086/1973.
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Socrates pronounced that “An unexamined life is not worth living†and maintained the belief that the purpose of human life was personal and spiritual growth. This article explores, against this background, the motives and experiences of 12 student volunteers who assisted with the assessment of sentenced offenders in custodial settings in South Africa, as part of the “third mission†of the Department of Criminology and Security Science at the University of South Africa (Unisa). A case study approach was followed to explore the underlying social context and thereby gain an understanding of the students’ experience in terms of their exposure to the correctional milieu. The article relates the student volunteers’ experiences regarding their expectations and motives at the outset, their personal experiences and the benefits that involvement in this project holds for them.
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Sukeri, Kiran, Orlando A. Betancourt, Robin Emsley, Mohammed Nagdee, and Helmut Erlacher. "Forensic mental health services: Current service provision and planning for a prison mental health service in the Eastern Cape." South African Journal of Psychiatry 22, no. 1 (May 6, 2016): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v22i1.787.
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<strong>Objectives:</strong> No research data exists on forensic psychiatric service provision in the Eastern Cape, Republic of South Africa. The objective of this research was to assess current forensic psychiatric service provision and utilisation rates at Fort England Hospital. This is important in improving and strengthening the service. A related objective was to develop a model for a provincial prison mental health service. <strong></strong><p><strong>Methodology:</strong> This study is a situational analysis of an existing forensic psychiatric service in the Eastern Cape. The design of the study was cross sectional. An audit questionnaire was utilised to collate quantitative data, which was submitted to Fort England Hospital, Grahamstown. A proposed prison mental health service was developed utilising prevalence rates of mental illness among prisoners to calculate bed and staff requirements for an ambulatory and in-patient service. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> During the study period a total of 403 remand detainees were admitted to the forensic psychiatry division of Fort England Hospital. The average length of stay was 494 days and the bed utilisation rate was determined at 203.54%. We estimate that to provide a provincial prison mental health service to treat psychotic illnesses and major depression the province requires a 52 bedded facility and a total staff complement of approximately 31. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Forensic psychiatric services include the assessment, management and treatment of mentally disordered persons in conflict with the law and prisoners requiring psychiatric assessments. The Eastern Cape Province does not have plans or policies to assess and manage mentally ill offenders, resulting in an increased load on available services. We recommend that an inter-departmental task team, which includes Health, Justice and Constitutional Development and Correctional Services, should be established in the province, to develop a strategy to assist in the development of an effective and efficient forensic psychiatric service. This should be driven by the provincial Department of Health.</p>
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Rautenbach, Christa. "Editorial." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 17, no. 6 (November 14, 2014): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2014/v17i6a618.
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EditorialThis voluminous issue consists of 13 articles and 8 notes dealing with various legal topics in South Africa and abroad. The articles commences with Ig Rautenbach’s discussion of the ever-elusive concept of proportionality in the light of the text of the South African Constitution. Mmaphuti Tuba analyses the different approaches adopted for the regulation of payment systems in a variety of legislative instruments by the European Union. Phoebe Boltondeals with the thorny issue of public tenders and the extent to which bidders must comply with tender specifications and conditions. Leentjie de Jong examines present-day family arbitration and the problems experienced with it. Daleen Millard and Birgit Kuschke evaluate the insurer’s pre-contractual duties in the light of the transparency principle in insurance law. Karin Calitz deals with the question if a church can be held liable for the sexual assault of children by a priest, when the victims claim as adults, many years after the events took place. The entitlement of a non-member spouse to the member’s pension forms the focus point of Clement Marumoagae’scontribution. Mitzi Wiese reflects on the correctness of the classification of liens into enrichment and contractual liens. Frans Viljoen and Nicholas Orago analyses the importance and implications of the individual communications procedure under the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (OP-ICESCR) and details some of the reasons why it would be beneficial for South Africa to accede thereto. The interplay between international law and labour law in South Africa in the context of diplomatic immunity is investigated byEzette Gericke. Cornelius Kilian and Elizabeth Snyman-Van Deventer consider section 75 in the Companies Act of 1973 (or its equivalent, section 36(2) in the Companies Act of 2008) and the topic of statutory approval for an artificial decrease or increase in the number of issued shares. Annelie Laas and Trynie Boezaart give a critical analysis of the legal measures available to curb bullying in schools. Further afield, Mtendeweka Mhango discusses the development and current status of the political question doctrine in Ghana.The first note by Roger Evans and Lienne Steyn deliberate on the seemingly contradictory outcomes of three high court judgments regarding the question of ownership of property which vests in the master of the high court by virtue of the Insolvency Act 24 of 1936. Philip Stevens also discusses recent judgments pronouncing on the entering of the particulars of child sex offenders into the register for sex offenders as enunciated in Chapter 6 of the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act 32 of 2007. Sieg Eiselen illustrates how the Department of Trade and Industry’s proposed amendment to the definition of “electronic signature” would undermine the key principles of functional equivalence, media neutrality and party autonomy. Luanda Hawthorne deliberates on the element of exploitation in bargaining relationships between contractual parties, as highlighted in Uniting Reformed Church, De Doorns v President of the Republic of South Africa 2013 5 SA 205 (WCC). Anneliese Roos and Magda Slabbert discuss the case of Isparta v Richter 2013 6 SA 4529 (GP), which dealt with defamation in the social media on the Facebook platform. Rowena Bernard considers the case of Department of Correctional Services v Police and Prison Civil Rights Union (POPCRU) 2011 32 ILJ 2629 (LAC), where the employer's application of rules relating to the dress code of employees impacted on the religious beliefs and practices of five of the staff members. Nico Buitendag and Karin van Marle reflect on Afriforum v Malema 2011 6 SA 240 (EqC), which drew considerable attention in the media and in the public discourse. In the last contribution, James Linscott analyses F v Minister of Safety and Security 2012 1 SA 536 (CC), which dealt with the “standard” test for vicarious liability.EditorChrista Rautenbach
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Eyland, Simon, Simon Corben, and Jenny Barton. "Suicide Prevention in New South Wales Correctional Centres." Crisis 18, no. 4 (July 1997): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910.18.4.163.
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The New South Wales Department of Corrective Services has introduced a number of suicide prevention measures in order to deal with the problem of inmate suicides. This article describes the measures. The article also shows that the characteristics of the incarcerated population differ greatly from those in the community. Findings from the self-harm database 1991-1995 show that, nevertheless, there are some unique characteristics of the group of self-harmers and fatal self-harmers. These findings are discussed in relation to the preventive measures that are introduced in the NSW correctional centers.
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Mujuz, Jamil D. "Unpacking the Law and Practice Relating to Parole in South Africa." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 14, no. 5 (June 8, 2017): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2011/v14i5a2602.
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The possibility of the early release of offenders on parole is meant to act inter alia as an incentive to ensure that prisoners behave meritoriously while serving their sentences. The South African Correctional Services Act No.111 of 1998 deals with the release of offenders on parole. This article discusses the jurisprudence emanating from South African courts dealing with various aspects of parole. In particular, the article deals with the following issues: parole as a privilege; the role of the executive and the legislature in the parole system; the period to be served before an offender is paroled; the stipulated non-parole period; and the courts’ intervention in releasing prisoners on parole.
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De Villiers, Pierre, and Soon Nel. "The opportunity cost of the upkeep of the criminal justice system in South Africa from 1980 to 2006." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 13, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 407–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v13i4.93.
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South African crime rates rose to unacceptably high levels between 1980 and 2006. As a result, vast amounts of funds were devoted to the upkeep of the criminal justice system – correctional services, justice and the police. Although it is necessary to spend a certain amount on the criminal justice system, in South Africa this expenditure was excessive. The excess funds that were spent on the upkeep of the criminal justice system could have covered the cost of financing the entire backlog in schooling facilities and a large part of the current housing shortage.
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Magungxu, Vuyokazi, and Philani Moyo . "Prisoner-warder ratio parity in a South African Correctional Centre: Repercussions on prison work environment and correctional security personnel." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 6, no. 5 (May 30, 2014): 411–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v6i5.503.
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South Africa has one of the highest inmate populations in the world. In order for the South African Correctional Services system to provide an environment conducive for the appropriate rehabilitation and reformation of its many inmates, it requires a balanced prisoner-warder ratio based on international standards. But is this the case in South African prisons? This is one of the questions that this article engages as it examines the prisoner-warder ratio at the East London Maximum Correctional Centre (ELMCC) in an effort to understand the effects of prison overcrowding on the prison work environment and correctional personnel. Based on empirical evidence gathered through qualitative techniques, the study finds a disproportionate prisoner-warder ratio at the ELMCC. This disproportion has a number of negative effects on the prison work environment and direct security personnel on duty. For example, high absenteeism is rife with warders frequently on sick leave while others are regularly on temporary incapacity leave. High stress levels are also a major problem pushing many warders into alcohol abuse. Cognitive job satisfaction and organizational commitment are also negatively affected by this disproportion with the majority of warders indicating poor work performance due to low morale and lack of motivation.
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Rebe, Kevin Brian, Glenn De Swardt, Helen Elizabeth Struthers, and James Alisdair McIntyre. "Towards 'men who have sex with menappropriate' health services in South Africa." Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 14, no. 2 (June 4, 2013): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v14i2.78.
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Health programming for men who have sex with men (MSM) in South Africa has been ignored or absent until fairly recently, despite this population being at high risk for HIV acquisition and transmission. Anova Health Institute, with support from the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)/United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and in collaboration with the South African National Department of Health, launched the first state sector MSM-targeted sexual health clinic in 2010. The clinic has been successful in attracting and retaining MSM in care, and lessons learned are described in this article. Components contributing to the creation of MSM-appropriate healthcare services are discussed.
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Naranjo, A., D. Castellano, H. Kraaijvanger, B. Meulman, A. Mels, and G. Zeeman. "The MobiSan approach: informal settlements of Cape Town, South Africa." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 12 (June 1, 2010): 3078–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.225.
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Pook se Bos informal settlement and the Cape Town Water & Sanitation Services Department are partnering on an urban sanitation project with a Dutch Consortium consisting of Lettinga Associates Foundation (LeAF), Landustrie Sneek and Vitens-Evides International. The aim of the project is to improve the basic sanitation services provided in informal settlements through the implementation of the MobiSan approach. The approach consists of a communal Urine-Diversion and Dehydration Toilet (UDDT) built in a former sea shipping container. The system is independent of water, electricity or sewerage connection and it is maintained by full-time community caretakers who also act as hygiene promoters. The project seeks to link sanitation services with hygiene promotion in informal settlements while enhancing user satisfaction and reducing costs in providing basic sanitation services. This paper describes the preliminary experiences and lessons learnt during the implementation and evaluation of the MobiSan prototype and discusses its potential for replication. The MobiSan has proved to be an appropriate option by means of dealing successfully with shallow groundwater table, land availability and high settlement densities. In addition it has been demonstrated to be cost-competitive in terms of operating cost compared to chemical toilets.
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Myaka, N., C. Mbohwa, and M. Nemarumane. "Activity Sampling Based Work and Performance Analyisis at a Tourist Services Company in South Africa." Advanced Materials Research 367 (October 2011): 611–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.367.611.
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This paper discusses the application of activity sampling in work and performance analysis in a tourist services company. Abnormal job delays were observed based on mainly employee observation studies at the tourist company in South Africa. A detailed account of the data collected is presented, assessed and analysed for three departments, the administration department, marketing department and the reception. The importance of activity sampling in organizations was demonstrated by its use in identifying idle and ineffective time in these departments. A large number of observations were made over a period of time to afford the results and findings the necessary statistical significance. Observations enabled recording of what was happening at given instances to determine activities undertaken and to capture delays. The study shows the importance of activity sampling in diagnosing problems and supporting decision making and taking in a service organisation.
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Pillay, Ravi, and Caren Brenda Scheepers. "Nestlé South Africa and Department of Transport: response to food security during COVID-19." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 10, no. 3 (August 7, 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-06-2020-0224.
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Learning outcomes Gaining skills in analyzing context during a crisis situation, using a political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental framework understanding strategic leadership engagement with stakeholders to cultivate an environment for emergent change gaining skills in drawing up a strategic communications plan. Case overview/synopsis On 15 May 2020, Alec Moemi, Director-General of the South African Government’s Department of Transport (DoT), contemplates how his department can use the opportunity that COVID-19 presents to transform the transport system and to maintain relationships with business and the taxi industry beyond COVID-19? The nation was just reeling from a first: the President announced a “lockdown” which meant that all economic activity except “essential services” could operate. Life almost ground to halt and South Africans faced a new reality. No movement out of your property unless it was a medical emergency or if you needed to buy food. The minibus taxi, an economic enabler to millions of South Africans also had to stop operating. The South African DoT had a mammoth task of communicating to a range of stakeholders. However, the most sensitive being the minibus taxi owners, drivers and their related associations. How would they accept the news that they will not have a livelihood for the next few weeks or perhaps even months? Given the nature of industrial shift patterns and need for a more flexible transport system for workers, some organisation’s such as Nestlé contracted private transport services to ensure their staff travelled to work safely. Nestlé also had their own compulsory sanitizing protocols in place to support private transporters. Complexity academic level Postgraduate programmes, including MBA, MPhil Corporate Strategy and Masters’ Public Administration and Executive Education Programmes. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS: 7 Management Science.
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Marais, Petro, Maggie Menyatso, Robin Lyle, and Simangele Chiloane. "The National Collection of Arachnida, South Africa: Making the Collection more Accessible." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (April 23, 2018): e26111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26111.
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The National Collection of Arachnida (NCA) was established in 1976 at the Agricultural Research Council – Plant Health & Protection (ARC-PHP) in Pretoria, South Africa. This collection forms part of South Africa’s National Assets, which the ARC manages and maintains on behalf of the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) and the Department of Science and Technology (DST). The specimen holdings of the NCA contain a wealth of associated taxonomic, biological and geographical information. Currently the collection is managed by a dedicated collection manager responsible for the day-to-day running of the collection assisted by one research assistant. It is utilized for various research activities and knowledge generation in the fields of agriculture and natural resource management. The specimens are preserved using 75% alcohol and held in a double vial method in order to maximize protection of the specimens against evaporation and breakage. Hand-written catalogue books are still used to record and allocate a unique NCA – AcAT number for each specimen. This number links to all primary data recorded for the specimen. Furthermore, the data associated with the specimens are digitized according to Darwin-Core guidelines in an Structured Query Language (SQL) relational database. The database was developed by the ARC-Information Technology services. The entire NCA presently houses approximately 77,780 catalogue entries representing more than 233,300 specimens from six Arachnida orders. The NCA is made up mainly of reference specimens, but also has a type specimen collection of newly described species. The type collection currently contains 1,018 type specimens representing 321 species in 136 genera and 42 families. Of these, 207 specimens are holotypes. The type collection is housed separately from the reference collection and was recently moved to a newly acquired fireproof cabinet. Further planned activities include taking photos of all type specimens using a Zeiss V.16 Zoom microscope so that all type holdings are fully digitized. This will allow the implementation of an electronic loans system. Updating of the types list in the collection will facilitate availability for the wider community. The NCA provides support for key services such as the identification of arachnid predators that have an impact on agricultural production and bio-security as well as a specimen identification and advisory service to government, farmers, industry, researchers, students and the public. These services are essential for research projects on biosystematics and relevant related fields such as conservation, decision-making, agriculture and natural resource management.
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Shaylor, Esther, Kevin Wall, Oliver Ive, and Jay Bhagwan. "How a franchise approach to water services could look based on successes in South Africa." Water Supply 14, no. 5 (May 13, 2014): 866–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2014.039.
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Pilot projects in South Africa have demonstrated how the institutionally innovative and very practical social franchising partnership approach can be used as an alternative approach to more commonly encountered options, for the routine maintenance of low-technology water and sanitation infrastructure. The strength of this approach is that it is built on a robust foundation of mutual support and incentives. The paper describes how franchise partners have been working with schools and municipalities to address operational issues. The Eastern Cape provincial Department of Education now has a proven model which it is rolling out to further school districts, beyond the initial pilot in the Butterworth education district. Municipalities in the area are also employing the franchisee microbusinesses to undertake maintenance services. Further opportunities lie in applying the approach to operation and/or maintenance activities within the water and sanitation services delivery chain, and thereafter extending it to other types of infrastructure (e.g. roads and electricity reticulation).
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Venter, Francois. "Editorial." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 12, no. 2 (June 26, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2009/v12i2a2780.
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The oratio of Judge Deon van Zyl (currently Inspecting Judge: Inspectorate of Correctional Services) on the Judiciary as a Bastion of the Legal Order in Challenging Times appears in this issue at a time when the independence of the judiciary, the structures of the courts and various occurrences involving judges and the rule of law are topical in the public debate in South Africa. The paper was delivered in October 2008 as the annual FW de Klerk Lecture and it closes with the words: ". . . it is what they say and do in good faith and with reference to the moral values of the community they serve, that stimulates public confidence in the judiciary as a bastion of the legal order, however challenging the times may be."
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Redda, Ephrem Habtemichael, and Jhalukpreya Surujlal. "ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF PATIENT SATISFACTION ON PUBLIC HEALTHCARE FACILITIES IN SOUTH AFRICAN." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 8, no. 4 (July 13, 2020): 172–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.8418.
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Purpose of study: The purpose of this study was to assess patient satisfaction levels within South African public healthcare facilities. The influence of gender and ethnic grouping (race) perceptions of satisfaction of healthcare services was investigated.
Methodology: The study followed a cross-sectional research design and a quantitative research method. The data was collected as part of the General Household Survey in 2018 by Statistics South Africa (the national statistics service of South Africa). Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation were performed to address the research objectives of the study.
Main findings: The results show that the majority of the patients who participated in the survey are satisfied with the public healthcare service they received. The leading provinces that achieved very satisfied patients are Limpopo, the Eastern Cape, Mpumalanga, KwaZulu-Natal, and Gauteng.
Applications of the study: The study is important in many ways as it highlights the discrepancies of healthcare provision to the public health decision-makers. For example, the results show that generally, the male patients were slightly more satisfied with the healthcare services than their female counterparts. In terms of ethnic grouping, it appears that white patients are generally more satisfied with the public healthcare services they receive than other race groups.
Novelty/originality of study: A study of this nature has not been conducted in South Africa apart from the anecdotal reports of the department of health and Statistics South Africa. The study delved to analyze the public healthcare service in all provinces of the republic and also provided insight into gender and racial perception of healthcare services in the country.
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Schreiner, Barbara, and Barbara van Koppen. "Policy and law for addressing poverty, race and gender in the water sector: the case of South Africa." Water Policy 5, no. 5-6 (October 1, 2003): 489–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2003.0031.
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The aims of the new water policies and laws of post-apartheid South Africa are to contribute to the eradication of the country's widespread poverty and to redress historical race and gender discrimination with regard to water. After placing these policy and legal changes in a historical context, the paper discusses their operationalization and impact during the first years of implementation. Three key aspects are highlighted. The first aspect concerns internal changes within the implementing government department, the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF). The second aspect regards water services and sanitation directly targeted at poor women and men. Lastly, the paper discusses the emerging equity issues in public participation processes, as an illustration of the new approach to integrated water resources management.
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Mathaba, Gugu Precious, Ian Nzimakwe, Pfano Mashau, and Elias Munapo. "Employees perception on improving service delivery in the department of public works." Journal of Governance and Regulation 4, no. 4 (2015): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v4_i4_c4_p8.
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The study aimed at establishing the critical factors underlying the improvement of service delivery within the Department of Public Works in South Africa by ensuring that key elements of service delivery (cost effectiveness of services, high quality services and timeous delivery of services) are adhered to. Durban Regional Area was selected as the location of study. A total of 100 participants were randomly sampled from a population of 400 employees in the targeted area of study. A questionnaire was used as a research instrument and was administered to all the selected 100 respondents. What emerged from the study is that the Department of Public Works is marred by a number of problems, the biggest problem being the non-existence of an integrated management system, making it difficult to track the stages of services to be delivered and this resulted in huge delays in delivering the services to the clients. The quantitative results showed that the Department has staff members who are suitably skilled for the work rendered, but these skills alone are not sufficient if the Department is lacking in the critical resources required to deliver services. Since Department of Public Works is a technical department, it is recommended that skilled employees such as quantity surveyors, engineers as well as information technology experts be at the forefront of priorities. It is also very important that guidelines, policies and business processes for all sections in the department are well communicated to all staff.
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Du Toit, Nina (HG). "Designing a Model for Facilitating the Inclusion of Higher Education International Students with Disabilities in South Africa." Social Inclusion 6, no. 4 (December 6, 2018): 168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v6i4.1666.
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Higher education in South Africa is regulated by several policies, and the obligation of increased access and participation of persons with disabilities into higher education is recognized in legislation (Department of Education, 1997; Department of Higher Education and Training, 2013). However, research indicates that the proportion of students with disabilities in higher education and in study programmes abroad is still very low worldwide (Fazekas, 2017; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2011). Study opportunities for these students in higher education institutions abroad, including South Africa, should therefore be increased to provide equal access and experience in an inclusive higher education environment. This study explores possible reasons for the low engagement of South African students with disabilities in international mobility programmes and the function of key role-players in supporting international students with disabilities studying in South Africa (incoming students) and South African students with disabilities studying abroad (outgoing students). This study also explores the ways by which the exchange process could be facilitated more effectively within the context of an inclusive higher education environment. Data on the support services offered to these students was obtained by means of questionnaires sent to the International Relations Offices and Disability Rights Units at higher education institutions in South Africa. The study culminated in the design of a model which specifies the roles of the various role-players in supporting international students with disabilities during their pre-departure, study and return phases.
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Mojapelo, Maredi Samuel. "(RE)THINKING AND (RE)POSITIONING LIBRARY PROGRAMMES AND SERVICES IN PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS IN LIMPOPO PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA." Mousaion: South African Journal of Information Studies 34, no. 3 (February 17, 2017): 60–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0027-2639/420.
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Well-designed and well-planned library school programmes and services are essential to improve the development of reading and information literacy skills, particularly of the learners, which are crucial for the acquisition of life-long learning and independent study and accessing skills. However, because of inadequate and inefficient school library services in most South African schools, teachers and learners are deprived of opportunities to benefit and practically learn library programmes essential for the acquisition of knowledge, skills, competencies, values and orientations. They are also denied fundamental library services due to them. Based on one part of the research project which investigated the resource provision in public high schools in Limpopo province, South Africa, the purpose of this article is to investigate the programmes and services offered by the different library facilities in public high schools in Limpopo province. Although the study took a largely quantitative research design, it was mixed with qualitative data collection methods. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from the principals or teacher-librarians, while an interview schedule was used to collect qualitative data from the education officials through face-to-face interviews. The findings established that owing to lack of functional libraries in most schools, there are very few schools offering library services and programmes. The study recommends that the national Department of Basic Education (DBE) should ensure that school a library policy with clearly defined library programmes and services is formulated, approved and implemented as a matter of urgency.
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Muthelo, Livhuwani, Faith Moradi, Thabo Arthur Phukubye, Masenyani Oupa Mbombi, Rambelani Nancy Malema, and Linneth Nkateko Mabila. "Implementing the Ideal Clinic Program at Selected Primary Healthcare Facilities in South Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (July 22, 2021): 7762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157762.
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Background: Primary healthcare (PHC) in South Africa often experiences crucial challenges that lead to patients’ negative experiences regarding their care, compromising the significant role that PHC services could play in health promotion and disease prevention. The primary purpose of implementing the Ideal Clinic (IC) in South Africa was to improve patients’ care quality at the clinics. There seems to be a paucity of studies determining professional nurses’ experiences when implementing the IC. Purpose: This study aimed to explore and describe professional nurses’ experiences regarding implementing the IC at three selected clinics in the Makhado local area. Study method: A qualitative phenomenological research design was used to explore professional nurses’ experiences regarding IC implementation. Purposive sampling was used to select 15 professional nurses working at the three selected clinics. Data were collected using semi-structured one-on-one interviews. Interviews were conducted until saturation was reached. Trustworthiness was ensured by applying Lincoln and Guba’s four criteria, i.e., credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Ethical clearance was obtained from the University of Limpopo Turfloop Research and Ethics Committee, and permission to conduct the study was obtained from Limpopo Province Department of Health Research and Ethics Committee. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data. Results: The following themes emerged from the study findings: perceived benefits of the IC on the primary healthcare services provided to the community, challenges experienced by professional nurses when implementing the IC program, and challenges related to the supply of resources for implementing the IC. The study results revealed that, although the IC aimed to improve the overburdened PHC facilities in SA, the professional nurses still experienced some challenges when implementing the IC program. Some of the challenges faced were a lack of knowledge and training in the IC program, poor infrastructure and the shortage of equipment, and inadequate provision of support by line managers, all of which resulted in poor-quality patient care. Conclusion: This study revealed that the introduction and implementation of the IC can have potential benefits to the community and the primary healthcare system. However, it was not introduced and appropriately implemented, which resulted in professional nurses experiencing several challenges. The national department of health needs to strengthen the program’s implementation through proper training, consultation, and continuous support of the nurses. Provision of quality equipment and supplies is also recommended.
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Moonasar, Devanand, Anban Pillay, Elizabeth Leonard, Raveen Naidoo, Shadrack Mngemane, Wayne Ramkrishna, Khadija Jamaloodien, et al. "COVID-19: lessons and experiences from South Africa’s first surge." BMJ Global Health 6, no. 2 (February 2021): e004393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004393.
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On 5 March 2020, South Africa recorded its first case of imported COVID-19. Since then, cases in South Africa have increased exponentially with significant community transmission. A multisectoral approach to containing and mitigating the spread of SARS-CoV-2 was instituted, led by the South African National Department of Health. A National COVID-19 Command Council was established to take government-wide decisions. An adapted World Health Organiszion (WHO) COVID-19 strategy for containing and mitigating the spread of the virus was implemented by the National Department of Health. The strategy included the creation of national and provincial incident management teams (IMTs), which comprised of a variety of work streams, namely, governance and leadership; medical supplies; port and environmental health; epidemiology and response; facility readiness and case management; emergency medical services; information systems; risk communication and community engagement; occupational health and safety and human resources. The following were the most salient lessons learnt between March and September 2020: strengthened command and control were achieved through both centralised and decentralised IMTs; swift evidenced-based decision-making from the highest political levels for instituting lockdowns to buy time to prepare the health system; the stringent lockdown enabled the health sector to increase its healthcare capacity. Despite these successes, the stringent lockdown measures resulted in economic hardship particularly for the most vulnerable sections of the population.
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Xiong, Khou, Joy Kamunyori, and Jane Sebidi. "The MomConnect helpdesk: how an interactive mobile messaging programme is used by mothers in South Africa." BMJ Global Health 3, Suppl 2 (April 2018): e000578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000578.
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South Africa’s MomConnect mobile messaging programme, which aims to promote safe motherhood and improve pregnancy outcomes for South African women, includes a helpdesk feature which allows women registered on the system to ask maternal and child health (MCH)-related questions and to provide feedback on health services received at public health clinics. Messages sent to the helpdesk are answered by staff located at the National Department of Health. We examined event data from the MomConnect helpdesk database to identify any patterns in messages received, such as correlation of frequency or types of messages with location. We also explored what these data could tell us about the helpdesk’s effectiveness in improving health service delivery at public health clinics. We found that approximately 8% of registered MomConnect users used the helpdesk, and that usage was generally proportional to the use of antenatal care (ANC) services in provinces (as indicated by number of ANC first visits and number of MomConnect registrations), except in two provinces. Language, category and key topics of helpdesk messages were correlated with provinces. Most users accessed the helpdesk to seek maternal information, and where feedback about health services was provided, there were significantly more compliments than complaints. The MomConnect helpdesk is an important resource providing expectant mothers and mothers of infants with an interactive option for accessing MCH-related information—above that included in the standard MomConnect messages—and advances achievement of the health goals of the MomConnect programme.
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Jeffery, David, and David Johnson. "Whose fault is failure? Contested perspectives of academic support in tertiary educational institutions in South Africa." Research in Comparative and International Education 14, no. 3 (July 27, 2019): 376–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745499919864731.
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This paper explores the argument that to widen participation in higher education, educational institutions should bear a greater responsibility for students’ learning. Central to this debate is the notion of ‘academic support’. There are many perspectives on what works to scaffold student participation and learning but rarely are the perspectives of those receiving support taken into account. This paper reports the findings of an exploratory ethnographic study in which students in a vocational college in South Africa reflected on the nature of academic support and access to it. Student narratives that underpin their understandings of how the support system ‘worked’, and what responsibilities they and the college respectively bore for their studies, are compared to the official prescript on student support services in South Africa – the so-called ‘Student Support Services Manual’ which was developed by the South African Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET). The data indicate sharp incongruences in thinking. While the student support services manual maintains that students are a product of their disadvantaged contexts and therefore require an institutional form of academic support, students themselves placed much less responsibility for the provision of academic support on the colleges. Instead, they attributed their success or failure to ‘character’ and their own dispositions towards learning. This is an unexpected finding in the context of an often highly charged debate on the factors that constrain learning and learning outcomes. This paper argues that it is this ‘locus of control’ that undermines the idea that student success is dependent on prescription alone.
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Naidoo, Goonasagree, S. Singh, and Niall Levine. "An Overview of Internet Developments and their Impact on E-Government in South Africa." International Journal of ICT Research and Development in Africa 1, no. 4 (October 2010): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-789-3.ch007.
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The usage of the internet has grown over recent years in South Africa but at a very slow rate. This is the result of several challenges facing the growth of the Internet in South Africa. These challenges are mostly related to the lack of infrastructure for the Internet, high cost of computer technology and service provider challenges. The paper provides an overview of the Internet usage and its impact on E-Government in South Africa. It examines regulatory issues pertaining to the Internet. It also examines Internet growth in the business and government sectors. In the government sector, the Cape Online Strategy, is an initiative by the provincial government of the Western Cape in SA, is an example of a global trend towards greater levels of interactivity between government and citizens. This initiative is an excellent example of how Web-based solutions can be used to deliver certain services to citizens. Another excellent example is an E-justice initiative undertaken by the Department of Justice. The initiative aims at promoting a more efficient system of Justice in SA. The paper also provides an overview of the challenges to Internet adoption in South Africa.
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De Charmoy, S., and C. J. Eales. "An Audit of the Physiotherapy Services at the Johannesburg Hospital." South African Journal of Physiotherapy 56, no. 1 (February 28, 2000): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajp.v56i1.547.
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In 1998 the Gauteng Department of Health notified the Physiotherapy Department of the Johannesburg hospital that the number of physiotherapy posts would be cut from 43 full-time posts to 22 full-time posts. This cut in workforce made it essential to re-evaluate the services rendered in order to meet the needs of the hospital. An audit of the number of inpatients on a given day was conducted in June 1998. In addition to this the number of patients requiring physiotherapy and the time needed to treat them was determined. A second study established the time spent by physiotherapists in direct patient care, indirect patient care and “social” activities. From the results of this audit it was established that 22 full-time physiotherapists would not be able to provide a comprehensive physiotherapy service. Since the completion of this audit the number of physiotherapists at the Johannesburg hospital has decreased further with no re-appointments due to cuts in the Gauteng health budget. It is the opinion of the authors that many hospitals in South Africa are in similar positions and that more studies need to be done at hospitals to determine the need for physiotherapy in other hospitals.
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Engelhard, Matthew, Charles Copley, Jacqui Watson, Yogan Pillay, Peter Barron, and Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre. "Optimising mHealth helpdesk responsiveness in South Africa: towards automated message triage." BMJ Global Health 3, Suppl 2 (April 2018): e000567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000567.
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In South Africa, a national-level helpdesk was established in August 2014 as a social accountability mechanism for improving governance, allowing recipients of public sector services to send complaints, compliments and questions directly to a team of National Department of Health (NDoH) staff members via text message. As demand increases, mechanisms to streamline and improve the helpdesk must be explored. This work aims to evaluate the need for and feasibility of automated message triage to improve helpdesk responsiveness to high-priority messages. Drawing from 65 768 messages submitted between October 2016 and July 2017, the quality of helpdesk message handling was evaluated via detailed inspection of (1) a random sample of 481 messages and (2) messages reporting mistreatment of women, as identified using expert-curated keywords. Automated triage was explored by training a naïve Bayes classifier to replicate message labels assigned by NDoH staff. Classifier performance was evaluated on 12 526 messages withheld from the training set. 90 of 481 (18.7%) NDoH responses were scored as suboptimal or incorrect, with median response time of 4.0 hours. 32 reports of facility-based mistreatment and 39 of partner and family violence were identified; NDoH response time and appropriateness for these messages were not superior to the random sample (P>0.05). The naïve Bayes classifier had average accuracy of 85.4%, with ≥98% specificity for infrequently appearing (<50%) labels. These results show that helpdesk handling of mistreatment of women could be improved. Keyword matching and naïve Bayes effectively identified uncommon messages of interest and could support automated triage to improve handling of high-priority messages.
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Mavetera, Nehemiah, Kagiso Sekhabisa, Chipo Mavetera, and Ireen Choga. "Factors influencing success of construction projects by emerging contractors in South Africa: a case of Mahikeng area." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 1 (2015): 1028–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i1c9p6.
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Emerging contractors play a critical role in the South African economy in terms of rendering services to government especially in the construction sector. However, literature findings reveal that some of the SMMEs are unable to deliver their projects successfully due to project management issues. The focus of this study was to establish the project management factors influencing the successful delivery of construction projects by emerging contractors in the Mahikeng area of South Africa. A mixed design research method was used to collect, analyse and derive the findings. Findings revealed that projects do not comply with the time, scope, cost and quality requirements. Focus group interview results attributed these problems to lack of project management skills among the emerging contractors. It is recommended that more support initiatives from the South African Department of Public Works, and other key stakeholders in the construction industry be provided to these contractors
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Zikhali, Zafezeka Mbali, Paramu L. Mafongoya, Maxwell Mudhara, and Obert Jiri. "Climate Change Mainstreaming in Extension Agents Training Curricula: A Case of Mopani and Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa." Journal of Asian and African Studies 55, no. 1 (July 2, 2019): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619857098.
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This study assessed the provision of informal training offered by the Limpopo Department of Agriculture, South Africa, to agricultural extension officers (AEOs). The study used surveyed 90 public extension officers purposively sampled. There were statistically significant differences in extension officers’ exposure to climate change between their education levels and in the provision of climate change training between extension officers’ work experience ( P⩽0.05). The study concluded that the majority of AEOs have not been fully exposed to climate information prior to their employment. This suggests that the information gap in Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services (AEAS) stems from the slow mainstreaming and integration of climate change information.
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Mojapelo, Maredi Samuel. "A LEGISLATED SCHOOL LIBRARY POLICY: CAN FUNCTIONAL SCHOOL LIBRARIES BE ENVISIONED WITHOUT ONE?" Mousaion: South African Journal of Information Studies 33, no. 2 (November 18, 2015): 36–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0027-2639/154.
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Although school libraries are important resource centres that support curriculum delivery and important pedagogical matters, it is disturbing that, in South Africa, only a minority (7.2%) of schools have well-stocked functional school libraries. A legislated school library policy is crucial for a country to roll out effective school library and information services (LIS). This is particularly true in South African schools, which are characterised by enormous disparities in the provision of resources because of the legacy of apartheid. Grounded in the literature review, the fact that the national Department of Basic Education (DBE) does not have a legislated and approved school library policy is a stumbling block to developing and sustaining an active and dynamic school library service for all public schools in South Africa. The purpose of this article is to help relevant stakeholders understand the importance of a legislated school library policy in championing the establishment and development of an active, vibrant and dynamic functional school library service to support the progressive, constructivist and resource based curriculum in the country. The study recommends that the National Guidelines for School Library and Information Services (SA DBE 2012) be amended to a legislated school library policy to resuscitate indeterminate and non-functional libraries in the majority of schools.Â
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Mle, T. R. "Potential Benefits of Monitoring and Evaluation as a Tool in the South African Local Government Spheres." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v2i1.43.
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Public institutions exist for the public good and employ public officials to perform duties aimed at providing a better life for all. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 requires that the public service maintains a high standard of professional ethics, use resources efficiently and effectively, and provide services equitably. When the new political dispensation came into being in 1994 in South Africa, the newly-elected government committed itself to ensuring a better life for all through the provision of services, for example water and electricity supply, sanitation, and houses, etc. To this end, policies and programmes were put in place. However, the challenge that faces the government is the implementation of these policies and programmes which largely remains unsatisfactory. Systems of reporting and performance are, in the main, weak. To address this short-coming, therefore, government came up with the concept of monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of policies and programmes to the extent of creating a new department of Performance Monitoring and Evaluation in the Presidency. Key to the effective implementation of government policies and programmes is the introduction of a tool to ensure that such policies and programmes do not gather dust. This paper therefore, posits how such a tool can have potential benefits in the local government sphere and be a panacea to the ills of this sphere which is characterized by violent service delivery protests through which communities express their dissatisfaction at the non-delivery of essential services. <br /><br />
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Zulu, Nkosingiphile Samuel, Melusi Sibanda, and Bokang Stephen Tlali. "Factors Affecting Sugarcane Production by Small-Scale Growers in Ndwedwe Local Unicipality, South Africa." Agriculture 9, no. 8 (August 2, 2019): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9080170.
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Sugarcane is an important crop worldwide due to its many nutritional and economic uses. Small-scale sugarcane growers (SSGs) are a significant sector of sugarcane production in South Africa. However, the number of SSGs is noted to have declined from as early as the 2000s to the present time. As a result of the declining sugarcane production, there are now generally fewer SSGs. However, it is not clear cut as to what caused the decrease in sugarcane production by SSGs. The primary objective of this paper is to determine the factors affecting the sugarcane production by SSGs in Mona and Sonkombo in Ndwedwe Local Municipality. Data collection was through a well-structured questionnaire administered to 100 SSGs (that is, 50 respondents each from the study sites, namely Mona and Sonkombo) that were randomly selected. The paper employs descriptive statistics to describe farm characteristics, and a production function (Cobb–Douglass production function (CDPF)) analysis using the ordinary least squares (OLS) criterion to estimate the parameters affecting sugarcane production. Results show that late harvesting (by up to three (3) weeks), late fertiliser application (by up to six (6) months, and chemicals (Gramoxone) application (by up to five (5) months) were primary challenges facing SSGs, likely to result in declining sugarcane yield. The CDPF regression analysis reveals that significant predictors of the production function are: labour and the amount of chemicals (Gramoxone) applied. Labour (man-days/ha), amount of chemicals (Gramoxone) applied are found to be statistically significant and positively correlated with sugarcane production. The government, through the relevant Department of Agriculture, including the private sector, should intensify out-grower technical services for SSGs to realise higher production per hectare. Such services would ensure optimal allocation and application of inputs, labour and chemicals (herbicides and pesticides), respectively, at the right time to ensure efficacy. There is also a need to introduce buying consortiums for SSGs to reduce the costs of inputs.
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Ndou, Portia, Bridget Taruvinga, Christian P. du Plooy, Tshililo Ramusandiwa, and Michael Mokwala. "Enabling Environment for Inclusive Horticultural Value Chain for Smallholders in Gauteng Province, South Africa." Journal of Agricultural Science 13, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v13n2p66.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the enabling environment within which smallholder farmers operate amidst the uneven playing field in the agricultural sector and the stringent demands of the consumer driven market. Most of the smallholder farmers utilise informal vegetable markets and these offer higher prices for the leafy vegetables. The study is based on data collected from 56 smallholder vegetable producers in Gauteng Province of South Africa. The study unveiled that the business environment has many challenges for the smallholder to competitively function in formal marketing channels, including poor upstream and downstream linkages and access to finance and technology. Access to inputs is a limiting factor to productivity with almost 41.7% of the farmers depending of government input handouts. The results of the logistic regression analysis shows a positive relationship between the choice of most utilised market and age, level of education, established arrangement with certain markets and sources of information on markets. This study concludes that there is need for multi-stakeholder engagements including organisations already working with smallholder farmers in order to ensure that there is no overlap of support services and hence indirectly ensuring wider coverage of farmer support. Both upstream and downstream linkages need to be promoted and this needs the intervention of the government through the support of organisations such as the national Department of Agriculture.
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Hugo, Johannes M., Kevin B. Rebe, Evan Tsouroulis, Anthony Manion, Glenn de Swart, Helen Struthers, and James A. McIntyre. "Anova Health Institute's harm reduction initiatives for people who use drugs." Sexual Health 15, no. 2 (2018): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh17158.
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Chemsex is the colloquial term used for a specific pattern of drug use that is increasingly common among men who have sex with men (MSM) globally. The recreational substances employed are used specifically in a sexualized context. The reasons for chemsex among MSM are complex. The Anova Health Institute (Anova) provided harm-reduction services in Cape Town, South Africa in 2013 and 2014. This project, known as Tikking the Boxes had two objectives: first to provide direct harm-reduction services to drug-using MSM in Cape Town, South Africa, and second, to reduce HIV and hepatitis B and C transmission among this population. This was done by identifying drug-using behaviour among MSM and linking them to harm-reduction services. Employing people who were currently using drugs was a novel aspect of this program, and successfully facilitated access to MSM drug-using networks. At the launch of the project, the concept of harm reduction was easily misunderstood by MSM. Another challenge was that the harm-reduction service, encompassing needle exchange, excluded opioid substitution therapy. People who use drugs were employed as outreach workers, requiring the project to be very flexible and adaptable to sometimes complex lives and difficult-to-reach peers. JAB SMART is Anova’s new harm-reduction initiative and started in May 2017, with support from the City of Johannesburg Health Department, and is the first project of its kind in the city to provide harm-reduction services to people who inject drugs (PWID) and their sexual partners.
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Jobson, Geoffrey, Nireshni Naidoo, Nthabiseng Matlakala, Gert Marincowitz, Jean Railton, James A. McIntyre, Helen E. Struthers, and Remco P. H. Peters. "Contextual factors affecting the integration of community health workers into the health system in Limpopo Province, South Africa." International Health 12, no. 4 (November 6, 2019): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihz082.
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Abstract Background Community health workers (CHWs) are an essential cadre in the health systems of many low- and middle-income countries. These workers provide a wide variety of services and are key to ongoing processes of task shifting within human immunodeficiency virus programmes in particular. Ward-based outreach teams (WBOTs) are South Africa’s latest iteration of the CHW programme and have been introduced as part of the National Department of Health’s Primary Health Care Re-engineering programme. Methods In order to assess the perceived effectiveness of the WBOTs in supporting the ongoing rollout of antiretroviral therapy, tuberculosis care and patient support, we conducted a qualitative investigation focusing on the perceived successes and challenges of the programme among CHWs, community leaders, healthcare workers and community members in the Mopani district, Limpopo province, South Africa. Results The CHW programme operates across these contexts, each associated with its own set of challenges and opportunities. Conclusions While these challenges may be interrelated, a contextual analysis provides a useful means of understanding the programme’s implementation as part of ongoing decision-making processes.
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Richman Miyambu, Gezani, Maria Mokgadi Lekganyane, and Solly Matshonisa Seeletse. "Centralized Statistics Courses at SMU: opportunity and advantage for SOR; research benefits for SMU." Environmental Economics 8, no. 4 (December 6, 2017): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ee.08(4).2017.05.
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The Department of Statistics and Operations Research (SOR) at the Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University (SMU) in South Africa offers courses in Statistics (Stats). Several departments in SMU campus require Stats training in their study program. In the interest of quality offering in Stats training and for statistical services needed for research, SOR oofers to collect, centralize and facilitate all the Stats modules on campus. This paper then reflects on the impressions of academics and researchers on SMU campus regarding their view on centralized Stats courses in SMU. This will help explore the opportunities, envisaged research benefits and challenges for centralizing all the SMU Stats training in SOR.
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Wall, K., O. Ive, J. Bhagwan, and F. Kirwan. "Social franchising principles do work: the business approach to removal and disposal of faecal sludge – from pilot to scale." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 3, no. 3 (May 6, 2013): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.007.
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Studies undertaken in South Africa have found that social franchising partnerships for the routine maintenance of infrastructure could alleviate and address many challenges in the management of water services. A three-year pilot project has drawn to a successful conclusion. This provided selected infrastructure maintenance services to approximately 400 schools in the Butterworth education district in the Eastern Cape province. Half a dozen franchisee microbusinesses were created, and of the order of three dozen previously unemployed people were taught workplace skills. Irish Aid funded the concept development, but the franchisees were paid from the normal schools operation and maintenance budgets. Despite difficulties arising directly from provincial education department inefficiencies, the pilot project has proven the value of social franchising partnerships for this kind of work – the department now has a model it can roll out to the rest of the more than 4,000 rural schools across the Eastern Cape. Many opportunities lie in applying the same approach to other operation and/or maintenance activities within the water and sanitation services delivery chain. The time is ripe to further develop the concept so that it can move up the technology ladder, expanding its range of competencies beyond its current tried and tested boundaries.
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Jonathan, Ellsworth Chouncey, Chengedzai Mafini, and Joyendu Bhadury. "Supply chain risk mitigation in South Africa: a case study of Eskom." Benchmarking: An International Journal 27, no. 3 (December 2, 2019): 1105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-06-2019-0261.
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Purpose Interferences to supply chains (SC), regardless of whether they are regular, unplanned or intentional, are progressively distorting SC execution. As such, risk mitigation in SCs has received sufficient attention in the academic literature. However, there is scant research done on this topic within the African context, and none on the SC of electrical energy on that continent. In an effort to address this gap, the purpose of this paper is to focus on the SC department of Eskom, the primary utility company of South Africa and one of the largest on the continent. Design/methodology/approach Adopting a non-probability sampling approach utilising the purposive sampling technique to choose the sampling components from the target population, data were collected through semi-structured interviews as well as additional documentation in various forms. Data interpretation and codification thereof were done using ATLAS.ti 8 from which ten themes emerged. Findings The ten themes that emerged from the analysis of data show that SC risks emanate from value streams, information and affiliations, SC activities and external situations. Furthermore, these are brought into relief within the African context through examples and quotes from Eskom managers. Research limitations/implications Based on the findings, the paper makes five major recommendations that would broadly apply not only to SC risk management (SCRM) in Eskom, but also other African utility companies. Practical implications Companies in emerging economies such as South Africa and other Sub-Saharan countries face a unique set of challenges with regards to SCRM. Some of these are identified in this paper and appropriate recommendations have been made. Social implications Being the largest utility provider in Africa, services offered by Eskom are vital for economic development of South Africa as well as neighbouring countries. As such, the findings of this paper as well as the recommendations have social implications for economic development in that country as well as the region. Originality/value While SC risk management has been studied extensively in the academic literature, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that attempts to study it within the context of South Africa with focal emphasis on one of the largest corporations in that country.
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Rautenbach, P., N. Mbananga, T. Mashamba, H. Kwinda, and V. Horner. "An e-Health Decision Support System for Improving Compliance of Health Workers to the Maternity Care Protocols in South Africa." Applied Clinical Informatics 04, no. 01 (2013): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2012-10-ra-0044.
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Summary Background: There are problems of quality in maternity services at primary health care level in South Africa. Many of these problems can be traced to non-adherence to the maternity care guidelines and lack of tools to support clinic staff and managers in their roles. Objective: The aim of this research was to investigate the utility of e-health (computerized) decision support systems at addressing the problem of compliance of health workers to the maternity care guidelines at primary health care in South Africa. At present there are no documented studies on e-health clinical decision support systems for primary health care in South Africa, though clinical decision support systems for primary health care are listed as part of the e-health strategy of the National Department of Health. Methods: An e-health decision support system named the Bacis (Basic Antenatal Care In-formation System) Program was developed, then implemented and evaluated at a primary health care clinic. The duration of the study was two years: this includes development, implementation and evaluation. Results and Conclusion: There was an overall improvement in compliance from 85.1 % to 89.3%. This result was not statistically significant. However when results were stratified into specific categories, the Bacis Program showed statistically significant improvement in compliance over the checklist system in three out of nine important categories. These are compliance at booking, patients younger than 18 years and patients booking after week 20. Further, insights and experience were also gained on development and implementation of clinical information systems at resource strained environments such as primary health care in South Africa. These results, insights and experience are invaluable for the implementation of the proposed e-health strategy in South Africa. Citation: Horner V, Rautenbach P, Mbanang N, Mashamba T, Kwinda H. An e-health decision support system for improving compliance of health workers to the maternity care protocols in South Africa. Appl Clin Inf 2013; 4: 25–36http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2012-10-RA-0044
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Mabuza, L. H., G. A. Ogunbanjo, K. E. Hlabyago, and M. Mogotsi. "Awareness of Health Care Practitioners About the National Health Insurance in Tshwane District, South Africa." Open Public Health Journal 11, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 93–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944501811010093.
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Background: In 2012, the National Department of Health of South Africa launched the National Health Insurance (NHI) pilot program in 11 districts, towards universal health coverage for all South Africans. Health Care Practitioners (HCPs) are important role-players in its implementation. We decided to evaluate to what extent the HCPs were aware of the NHI program after three years of the pilot phase. Objective: To evaluate the awareness of HCPs about the NHI in the pilot Tshwane district of South Africa. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1753 HCPs in Tshwane district. At 95% confidence level and 5% error margin, the sample size was 315 HCPs, but we over-sampled to 480. The study was conducted in 25 health facilities within the district. A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was used. Results: A high proportion of HCPs were unaware of the objectives of the NHI program (p < 0.001); number of NHI pilot sites [(281; 59.4%) versus (145; 30.7%), p < 0.001]; rationale used to select pilot sites [(223; 46.9%) versus (193; 40.5%), p = 0.047]; role of the Integrated School Health Services (ISHP) [(250; 52.7%) versus (70; 14.8%), p < 0.001]; and specialists constituting the District Clinical Specialist Team (DCST) (p < 0.001). However, awareness regarding the Ward-Based Outreach Team (WBOT) leader was high [(236; 49.9%) versus (135; 28.5%), p < 0.001]. Conclusion: HCPs in Tshwane district demonstrated poor awareness of the NHI. This reveals that any awareness effort towards the NHI has not taken effect among the HCPs in this district.
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Denier, Louisa, and Willemien Du Plessis. "Editorial." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal / Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 16, no. 2 (November 14, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2013/v16i2a3507.
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On Sunday 3 July 2011 the Research Committee of the IUCN Academy of Environmental Law, the IUCN Environmental Law Centre, Bonn and the IUCN Commission on Environmental Law organised a pre-conference workshop entitled “Towards the legal recognition and governance of ecosystem services” at Mpekweni, Eastern Cape, South Africa. At this workshop, papers were delivered on various aspects of ecosystem services. These included an introduction to ecosystem services from a legal perspective by Alejandro Iza of the IUCN Environmental Law Centre, and an introduction from a scientific perspective, by Christo Marais of the South African Department of Water Affairs. Justice Antonio Benjamin from the High Court of Brazil gave a presentation on Jurisprudential experiences in Brasilia and the importance of the legal recognition of ecosystem services; Alistair Rieu Clarke (University of Dundee) spoke on “The 1997 UN Watercourses Convention and Ecosystem Services: Can a Combined Reading Ensure that International Watercourses are Utilised in an Equitable and Reasonable Manner?”; Jamie Benidickson (University of Ottawa) presented the new IUCN “Guidelines for Protected Areas Legislation” and David Hodas (Widener University) gave a presentation entitled “Seeing into Law's Blindspot: Ecosystem Energy Services”. The discussions during the workshop enabled participants to realise that there were numerous angles to the topic of ecosystem services and that the discussion had not been fully explored, in particular concerning the human livelihoods aspect and the intricate relationship between ecosystem services and rights. It was therefore decided that there would be an open call for papers for publication on these issues, which would contribute to furthering this important discussion in the light of the major world conferences that would have taken place from 2012 onwards.
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Oyebola, F. O. "Communication Issues and Challenges of Information Sharing, Care Plans and Treatment Modalities for Cancer Patients and Families Accessing Hospice and Palliative Care Services in Nigeria and South Africa." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 106s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.24600.
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Background: The recent upsurge in the prevalence of cancer cases in Nigeria and other African countries is fast becoming a great challenge for the clinicians and urgently required holistic interventions. Most patients (60%–70%) usually present at an advanced incurable stage. Communication issues such as breaking bad news, discussions around treatment options, prognosis and advance care plans are often neglected. Cancer diagnosis is often synonymous to a death sentence and inadequate knowledge about disease trajectories and information sharing with patients and their families is often responsible for patients' frustration. A supportive palliative oncology teams play a critical role in facilitating and communicating between clinicians, patients and their families to bridge the gap and ensure effective therapeutic communication. Aim: In preparation for the forthcoming UICC African Cancer fellowship visit to the Life Abundant Palliative Care, Victoria Hospital in Wynberg, South Africa, a preliminary study will be made to identify relevant challenging issues and data among cancer patients at the Federal Medical Center Abeokuta Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective and prospective study will be performed of diagnosed cancer patients referred to the Pain and Palliative Medicine Department of the Federal Medical Centre Abeokuta, Nigeria between 2016 and 2017. Their diagnosis, treatment options, treatment compliance and defaults, offer of advance care plans, extent of interdisciplinary team and family involvement will be evaluated using the patients' case-notes. For surviving patients attending the pain and supportive palliative oncology clinic, their knowledge of the disease, treatment challenges, prognostication and family support will be identified and documented. Results: The observational gaps in the retrieved information and data about the treatment outcomes and interdisciplinary team support and challenges will form the basis or rather the prestudy platform for the planned fellowship visit on to the Life Abundant Palliative Care, Victoria Hospital in Wynberg, South Africa. The identified knowledge and skills gap would be used to design the final study in South Africa in August 2018. Conclusion: It is expected that the two studies will reflect communication issues and the approach to cancer patients' management in two different African clinical settings. The acquired lessons or experience during the second phase studies in the South Africa clinical setting would be translated to Nigeria practice and also shared at the 2018 UICC World Congress.
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KLAUSEN, SUSANNE. "‘Poor Whiteism’, White Maternal Mortality, and the Promotion of Public Health in South Africa: The Department of Public Health's Endorsement of Contraceptive Services, 1930–1938." South African Historical Journal 45, no. 1 (November 2001): 53–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02582470108671402.
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Lebina, Limakatso, Olufunke Alaba, Mary Kawonga, and Tolu Oni. "Process evaluation of fidelity and costs of implementing the Integrated Chronic Disease Management model in South Africa: mixed methods study protocol." BMJ Open 9, no. 6 (June 2019): e029277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029277.
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IntroductionThe South African Department of Health has developed and implemented the Integrated Chronic Disease Management (ICDM) model to respond to the increased utilisation of primary healthcare services due to a surge of non-communicable diseases coexisting with a high prevalence of communicable diseases. However, some of the expected outcomes on implementing the ICDM model have not been achieved. The aims of this study are to assess if the observed suboptimal outcomes of the ICDM model implementation are due to lack of fidelity to the ICDM model, to examine the contextual factors associated with the implementation fidelity and to calculate implementation costs.Methods and analysisA process evaluation, mixed methods study in 16 pilot clinics from two health districts to assess the degree of fidelity to four major components of the ICDM model. Activity scores will be summed per component and overall fidelity score will be calculated by summing the various component scores and compared between components, facilities and districts. The association between contextual factors and the degree of fidelity will be asseseed by multivariate analysis, individual and team characteristics, facility features and organisational culture indicators will be included in the regression. Health system financial and economic costs of implementing the four components of the ICDM model will be calculated using an ingredient approach. The unit of implementation costs will be by activity of each of the major components of the ICDM model. Sensitivity analysis will be carried out using clinic size, degree of fidelity and different inflation situations.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol has been approved by the University of Cape Town and University of the Witwatersrand Human Research ethics committees. The results of the study will be shared with the Department of Health, participating health facilities and through scientific publications and conference presentations.
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Steenkamp, H., G. Warren, P. Kruger, and G. Boghosi. "Statistical Results of an Analysis of the Physiotherapy Department in the Johannesburg Hospital." South African Journal of Physiotherapy 59, no. 2 (February 17, 2003): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajp.v59i2.201.
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The health services environment in South Africa has changed dramatically during the past five years especially for state-funded hospitals in the public sector. At the Johannesburg Hospital the admission of chronic patients has increased considerably over the past five years, thus increasing the workload for the physiotherapists. In spite of the increased workload of physiotherapists the staff complement of the Physiotherapy Department has decreased from forty-one to eighteen staff members due to severe budget constraints. The radical cuts to the staffing structure prompted this investigation. This article describes the results obtained from statistical analyses of time sheets completed by the staff over a six-month period to determine whether the staff complement was adequate. The approach followed with the statistical analysis was to use confidence intervals to compare the standard treatment times with the actual treatment times. Hypothesis testing was used to determine whether it would be possible to standardise treatment times for similar treatments in different treatment areas. The required capacity was calculatedbased on the amount of time spent on direct patient care by the physiotherapists during the six-month period.
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Masango, Maake J., and Maxwell Mkhathini. "Diversity in the ministry of chaplaincy in the South African Department of Correctional Services." HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 72, no. 4 (May 31, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hts.v72i4.3748.
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This article gives an overview of diversity in the South African Department of Correctional Services and how it challenges the ministry of chaplains. The diversity is manifest in the religious affiliations of inmates, crime categories, various categories of offenders, and programmes and services as unpacked in this article. This article precisely aims to shed light on how the chaplaincy functions within the framework of corrections in South Africa and how the diversity of the inmates’ population impacts on its theory and praxis. The Authors delineate the role that chaplains have to play to remain relevant to the correctional environment and accentuate the required empathic and non-judgmental stance by spiritual care personnel. Religious flexibility and adaptability is essential, as chaplains are managers of all religious activities. The article provides solid insights into what being a correctional chaplain in South Africa entails.
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Freeks, Fazel E. "A Fatherhood Faith-Based Values Intervention programme for incarcerated fathers at the Potchefstroom Remand Detention Facility: A narrative approach." In die Skriflig/In Luce Verbi 54, no. 1 (August 24, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ids.v54i1.2607.
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This article provides a reflective discussion of and narrative approach to incarcerated fathers based on the attendees of a Fatherhood Faith-Based Values Intervention programme at the Potchefstroom Remand Detention Facility. It is important to note that one-third of South African inmates are between the ages of 18 and 25 years – hence the reason why the majority of intervention and community engagement programmes at correctional services take place amongst the youth age group. The Department of Correctional Services reported in 2011 that South Africa had 159 265 incarcerated inmates at the time, of whom 110 905 were sentenced offenders and 48 360 were awaiting trial. In 2013, the World Incarcerated Brief reported that South Africa had the largest incarcerated population in Africa and the ninth largest in the world. Seventeen-year-olds comprised 53 000 of this number and were guilty of committing serious crimes. These numbers increased tremendously over the years. According to the former South African Minister of Correctional Services, Mr Sibusiso Ndebele, in 2013, 30% of inmates were awaiting trial, and most of them were young black men. He also indicated that, although 23 000 inmates were being released each year, 25 000 were introduced into the correctional services system. South Africa currently has overcrowded places of incarceration even though the president of South Africa, Mr Cyril Ramaphosa, granted special remission to 14 647 offenders in 2019. Incarcerated fathers are traumatised and affected by these places of captivity, even when they are on parole or released from detention. The effect of incarceration on fathers is a serious concern in South African society and challenge to the researcher who studies the fatherhood phenomenon and the dilemma of father absence.