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Journal articles on the topic 'South Africa – Department of Water and Sanitation'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Naranjo, A., D. Castellano, H. Kraaijvanger, B. Meulman, A. Mels, and G. Zeeman. "The MobiSan approach: informal settlements of Cape Town, South Africa." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 12 (2010): 3078–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.225.

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Pook se Bos informal settlement and the Cape Town Water & Sanitation Services Department are partnering on an urban sanitation project with a Dutch Consortium consisting of Lettinga Associates Foundation (LeAF), Landustrie Sneek and Vitens-Evides International. The aim of the project is to improve the basic sanitation services provided in informal settlements through the implementation of the MobiSan approach. The approach consists of a communal Urine-Diversion and Dehydration Toilet (UDDT) built in a former sea shipping container. The system is independent of water, electricity or sewerag

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Shaylor, Esther, Kevin Wall, Oliver Ive, and Jay Bhagwan. "How a franchise approach to water services could look based on successes in South Africa." Water Supply 14, no. 5 (2014): 866–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2014.039.

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Pilot projects in South Africa have demonstrated how the institutionally innovative and very practical social franchising partnership approach can be used as an alternative approach to more commonly encountered options, for the routine maintenance of low-technology water and sanitation infrastructure. The strength of this approach is that it is built on a robust foundation of mutual support and incentives. The paper describes how franchise partners have been working with schools and municipalities to address operational issues. The Eastern Cape provincial Department of Education now has a prov

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Schreiner, Barbara, and Barbara van Koppen. "Policy and law for addressing poverty, race and gender in the water sector: the case of South Africa." Water Policy 5, no. 5-6 (2003): 489–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2003.0031.

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The aims of the new water policies and laws of post-apartheid South Africa are to contribute to the eradication of the country's widespread poverty and to redress historical race and gender discrimination with regard to water. After placing these policy and legal changes in a historical context, the paper discusses their operationalization and impact during the first years of implementation. Three key aspects are highlighted. The first aspect concerns internal changes within the implementing government department, the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF). The second aspect regards w

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Momberg, D. J., P. Mahlangu, B. C. Ngandu, J. May, S. A. Norris, and R. Said-Mohamed. "Intersectoral (in)activity: towards an understanding of public sector department links between water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and childhood undernutrition in South Africa." Health Policy and Planning 35, no. 7 (2020): 829–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czaa028.

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Abstract Associations between different forms of malnutrition and environmental conditions, including water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), contribute to poor child health, nutritional status and physical growth. The primary responsibility for the provision of water and sanitation, as a basic service and human right, lies with the State, as such, a number of stakeholders are involved. Despite relatively high levels of WASH infrastructure coverage in South Africa, enteric infections and stunting remain high for a middle-income country. The aim of this study is to elucidate the landscape of WASH

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Pienaar, H., Y. Xu, E. Braune, J. Cao, S. Dzikiti, and N. Z. Jovanovic. "Implementation of groundwater protection measures, particularly resource-directed measures in South Africa: a review paper." Water Policy 23, no. 4 (2021): 819–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2021.016.

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Abstract This review paper on groundwater protection measures in South Africa focuses on the actual implementation of groundwater protection measures, in particular, the resource-directed measures (RDM) as described in Chapter 3 of the National Water Act (NWA). Significant catchment-wide implementation of RDM has taken place in a phased manner throughout various catchments since 2012. By 2015, approximately R380 million had been expended on the catchment-wide implementation of the water resource protection measures over a period of 15 years. Considerable effort went into refining the RDM metho

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Mudaly, Leushantha, and Michael van der Laan. "Interactions between Irrigated Agriculture and Surface Water Quality with a Focus on Phosphate and Nitrate in the Middle Olifants Catchment, South Africa." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (2020): 4370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114370.

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Little is understood on the interaction between irrigated agriculture and surface water quality in South African catchments. A case study was conducted on the Middle Olifants Catchment, which contains the second largest irrigation scheme in South Africa. Dams, rivers, irrigation canals, and drainage canals were sampled between the Loskop and Flag Boshielo Dams. Results were compared to historical water quality monitoring data from the Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS). While DWS data indicate that phosphate-phosphorus (PO4-P) does not pose a eutrophication risk, our monitored data were

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Bramley Jemain Lemine. "Developing a Strategy For Efficient Environmental Authorisation of Activities Affecting Wetlands in South Africa: Towards a Wise-Use Approach." Obiter 41, no. 1 (2020): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/obiter.v41i1.10555.

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South Africa is a party to the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat of 1971 (also referred to as the Ramsar Convention). Article 3(1) of the Ramsar Convention makes provision for the wise use of wetlands, which is defined as the “maintenance of the ecological character, achieved through the implementation of ecosystem approaches, within the context of sustainable development”. The Conference of the Parties has agreed on inherent weaknesses that could lead to the hampering of wise use. These weaknesses include, but are not limited to, authorities wo

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Phago, Kedibone. "INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS AND HOUSING POLICY IMPLEMENTATION IN SOUTH AFRICA." Politeia 33, no. 2 (2016): 28–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0256-8845/1778.

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Housing policy in South Africa requires that government departments at different spheres coordinate their activities to facilitate the provision of housing. This coordination is imperative because without such, effective housing provision remains compromised. The question that this paper raises is: whither intergovernmental relations (IGR) for housing policy implementation in South Africa? From this question it is clear that the nature of this discussion is conceptual as it seeks to engage on the institutional IGR model of public housing delivery. This question is raised in this paper because

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9

Wall, K., O. Ive, J. Bhagwan, and F. Kirwan. "Social franchising principles do work: the business approach to removal and disposal of faecal sludge – from pilot to scale." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 3, no. 3 (2013): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2013.007.

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Studies undertaken in South Africa have found that social franchising partnerships for the routine maintenance of infrastructure could alleviate and address many challenges in the management of water services. A three-year pilot project has drawn to a successful conclusion. This provided selected infrastructure maintenance services to approximately 400 schools in the Butterworth education district in the Eastern Cape province. Half a dozen franchisee microbusinesses were created, and of the order of three dozen previously unemployed people were taught workplace skills. Irish Aid funded the con

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Selebalo, Itumeleng M., Mary C. Scholes, and Jai K. Clifford-Holmes. "A Systemic Analysis of the Environmental Impacts of Gold Mining within the Blyde River Catchment, a Strategic Water Area of South Africa." Water 13, no. 3 (2021): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13030301.

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Exploratory modelling of the impact of gold mining on groundwater in a strategic water area of South Africa was undertaken. A systems dynamics (SD) model was developed to simulate the impact of gold mining on water quality, focusing on groundwater contamination risk, within the context of competing developmental priorities around water resource development and the socio-economic gains from gold mining. The model also identified interventions to minimise the impacts by the year 2040. The study area was the Blyde River Catchment (BRC), which is part of the Olifants Water Management Area in South

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Mle, T. R. "Potential Benefits of Monitoring and Evaluation as a Tool in the South African Local Government Spheres." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 2, no. 1 (2014): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v2i1.43.

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Public institutions exist for the public good and employ public officials to perform duties aimed at providing a better life for all. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 requires that the public service maintains a high standard of professional ethics, use resources efficiently and effectively, and provide services equitably. When the new political dispensation came into being in 1994 in South Africa, the newly-elected government committed itself to ensuring a better life for all through the provision of services, for example water and electricity supply, sanitation, and hou

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Mathegana, M. A., L. K. Chauke, and F. A. O. Otieno. "Improvement of environmental health and hygiene practices - case study in the Northern Province." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 6 (2001): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0352.

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The primary purpose of an improved water supply and sanitation is the achievement of acceptable health and hygiene standards as well as the sustainable improvement of the environment. Many governments recognize this and so they budget for large sums of money to improve these services to the communities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the different gaps in environmental health and hygiene practices with the aim of suggesting a strategy of improving this in the Northern Province of South Africa. To do this, 231 households and 30 schools were surveyed. Workshops and visits to differ

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Esterhuizen, M., L. de Jager, and W. A. Jezewski. "The All Towns Reconciliation Strategies a partnership between water resource management and water services." Water Supply 19, no. 1 (2018): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.054.

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Abstract In 2012, the South African Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS) initiated a study: Continuation of the Northern Planning Region's All Towns Reconciliation Strategies: Phase 1. This study reviewed, prioritised and updated the rudimentary All Towns strategies initially developed by DWS in 2011. The purpose of the strategies was to reconcile water requirements with available resources for the 2011–2035 planning horizon by estimating the projected water requirements, determining available water resources (surface and groundwater) and developing a water balance. Recommendations were ma

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Maree, Kobus. "The challenge of inadequate achievement in mathematics: Focus on a meta-approach." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 28, no. 4 (2009): 265–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v28i4.66.

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As is the case elsewhere in the world, all stakeholders in South Africa are deeply concerned about the level and scope of underachievement in mathematics, not only at Grade 12 level, but, indeed, at University, University of Technology and Further Education and Training levels. These concerns assume a deeper dimension in light of the fact that inadequate achievement in mathematics inevitably will have a ripple effect on the academic situation in any country: inadequate achievement in mathematics precludes learners from applying for admission to sought-after ﬁ elds of study, which, in turn, pre

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15

Busari, Ola, and Barry Jackson. "Reinforcing water and sanitation sector reform in South Africa." Water Policy 8, no. 4 (2006): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2006.038.

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Some ten years ago, South Africa's newly elected government inherited huge services backlogs with respect to access to water supply and sanitation. About 15 million people were without safe water supply and over 20 million without adequate sanitation services. Since then, the country has made remarkable progress with regard to accelerating the pace of services provision and restructuring and refocusing the entire water sector. Having ensured access to an additional population of over 10 million people, South Africa is well on track to wipe out the infrastructure backlog for basic water supply

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Greenberg, Jeffrey, Rudi Seebach, Andrew Luhmann, Deborah Zylstra, and Jed Wentz. "Co-operative Sanitation Project Pellsrus Township South Africa." Waterlines 26, no. 2 (2007): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/0262-8104.2007.051.

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17

Barnes, Brendon R. "Politics and activism in the water and sanitation wars in South Africa." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 6, no. 2 (2018): 543–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v6i2.917.

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This paper focuses on the ways in which activism is undermined in the water and sanitation wars in South Africa. The paper extends previous work that has focused on the politics of water and sanitation in South Africa and is based on an analysis of talk between activists and stakeholders in a television debate. It attempts to make two arguments. First, activists who disrupt powerful discourses of active citizenship struggle to highlight water and sanitation injustices without their actions being individualised and party politicised. Second, in an attempt to claim a space for new social movemen

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18

Ndinda, Catherine, Ufo Okeke Uzodike, and Lolita Winaar. "Equality of access to sanitation in South Africa." Africanus: Journal of Development Studies 43, no. 1 (2018): 96–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0304-615x/5081.

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Equality, fairness and justice are values embedded in almost all the policies developed since 1994 and this is understandable given the inequalities that were institutionalized and entrenched by the apartheid regime. The Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) explicitly advanced a social development agenda by setting targets for the provision of water, sanitation and electricity. The specific sectoral policies on water, sanitation and energy went further to contextualize the principles and values that inform the provision of these services in post-apartheid South Africa. So far a lot h

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Sinanovic, Edina, Sandi Mbatsha, Stephen Gundry, Jim Wright, and Clas Rehnberg. "Water and sanitation policies for improving health in South Africa: overcoming the institutional legacy of apartheid." Water Policy 7, no. 6 (2005): 627–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2005.0038.

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The burden of water-related disease is closely related to both the socio-economic situation and public health issues like access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene services. Poverty eradication, through improved access to water and sanitation, is the South African government's major priority. This is partly achieved through subsidising the cost of water and sanitation provision to the poor in rural areas. Whilst the new policies have made a remarkable impact on improved access to water and sanitation services, a general problem since the new approach in 1994 has been the lack of integratio

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20

Makaudze, Ephias M. "Measuring willingness-to-pay for water and sanitation by people living with HIV and AIDs in South Africa." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 6, no. 1 (2016): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2016.102.

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The ill-provision of water and sanitation services poses the greatest risk to people living with HIV and AIDS in South Africa – a majority of whom reside in slum settlements. People living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) die after succumbing to opportunistic infections, especially water-borne diseases (e.g., diarrhoea, cholera). This study was based on 485 individuals with HIV and AIDs drawn from three types of settlements (rural, peri-urban and urban slums) and sampled from three selected provincial districts of Khayelitsha (Western Cape), Ukhahlamba (Eastern Cape) and Groblersdal (Limpopo). The re

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Choma, Hlako, and Peter Ramphabana. "Legislative and policy frameworks for basic services: A South African comparative study." Journal of Governance and Regulation 4, no. 4 (2015): 735–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v4_i4_c6_p9.

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t is common course that equitable access to water and sanitation must be accordingly and primarily regarded as criteria for the realization of other several human rights, such as the right to life, dignity, health, food, adequate standard of living and education. Access to safe drinking water and sanitation is essential to the enjoyment of safety and environment that is not hazardous to human health. The lack of water and sanitation does not only hinder access to other available rights, but also magnifies the vulnerability of women, girls and people with disabilities. Water and sanitation serv

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Haywood, Lorren Kirsty, Thandi Kapwata, Suzan Oelofse, Gregory Breetzke, and Caradee Yael Wright. "Waste Disposal Practices in Low-Income Settlements of South Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (2021): 8176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158176.

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Domestic solid waste is rapidly increasing due to accelerated population growth and urbanization. Improper waste disposal poses potential health risks and environmental concerns. Here, we investigated waste disposal practices in relation to household/dwelling characteristics in South African low-income communities. Data for 2014 to 2019 from a community-orientated primary care program were analyzed using logistic regression. Families who reported living in a shack were more likely to dump waste in the street. Households who reported using non-electric sources of fuel for heating/cooking, those

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Andersson, Jafet C. M., Alexander J. B. Zehnder, Bernhard Wehrli, Graham P. W. Jewitt, Karim C. Abbaspour, and Hong Yang. "Improving Crop Yield and Water Productivity by Ecological Sanitation and Water Harvesting in South Africa." Environmental Science & Technology 47, no. 9 (2013): 4341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es304585p.

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24

Kasrils, R. "Forward to Johannesburg and hydro-solidarity." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 6 (2003): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0361.

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The provision of clean drinking water and adequate sanitation is one of the simplest and most effective steps to eradicating poverty. In South Africa a major programme is underway which will ensure all South Africans have a clean water supply within six years, and access to acceptable sanitation within ten years. Total basin management, transcending national boundaries, is essential to ensure the use of water for the common good of all. The term "hydro-solidarity" illustrates water as a catalyst for co-operation.

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Muanda, Christophe, Jacqueline Goldin, and Rainer Haldenwang. "Factors and impacts of informal settlements residents' sanitation practices on access and sustainability of sanitation services in the policy context of Free Basic Sanitation." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 10, no. 2 (2020): 238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2020.123.

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Abstract Through the Free Basic Sanitation (FBSan) service policy, many informal settlements in South Africa have been provided with basic sanitation facilities. However, access to these facilities remains challenging for many residents. These challenges have compelled residents to adopt a range of alternative sanitation practices. Through interviews, observation and focus group discussions in five informal settlements in the Western Cape, South Africa, 383 randomly selected respondents identified factors that shape their sanitation practices and how these practices impact on access to, and su

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Pilusa, Kgoshi Kgashane Lucas, and Modimowabarwa Hendrick Kanyane. "Water Services Authorities Capacity in Providing Access to Water and Sanitation in Limpopo Province, South Africa." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 6 (2020): 1586–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jun741.

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There has been an on-going debate regarding the effectiveness and capacity of Water Service Authorities in providing quality water service in South Africa to local citizens. As Limpopo province was preferred as a case study, it is evident that the province has been experiencing several violent water service delivery protests in different localities. The methodological approach employed was a qualitative approach reinforced by documentary review as a data source in qualitative research. Purposively, 46 participants were sampled and interviewed. In addition, document analysis of literatures and

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Armitage, N. P., K. Winter, A. Spiegel, and E. Kruger. "Community-focused greywater management in two informal settlements in South Africa." Water Science and Technology 59, no. 12 (2009): 2341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.294.

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South Africa is struggling to provide services to the millions of poor people migrating to the major centres and living in informal settlements (shanty towns). Whilst the local authorities are generally able to provide potable water from the municipal network to communal taps scattered around the settlements, there is usually inadequate provision of sanitation and little or no provision for the drainage of either stormwater or greywater. This paper describes an investigation into ways of engaging with community structures in the settlements with a view to encouraging “self-help” solutions to g

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Oyekale, AbayomiSamuel. "Access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and under 5 diarrhea morbidity in South Africa." Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 10, no. 1 (2017): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1755-6783.205585.

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Galvin, Mary. "Leaving boxes behind: Civil society and water and sanitation struggles in Durban, South Africa." Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa 92, no. 1 (2016): 111–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trn.2016.0029.

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Friedrich, E., S. Pillay, and C. A. Buckley. "Carbon footprint analysis for increasing water supply and sanitation in South Africa: a case study." Journal of Cleaner Production 17, no. 1 (2009): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2008.03.004.

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Hutton, Guy. "Global costs and benefits of reaching universal coverage of sanitation and drinking-water supply." Journal of Water and Health 11, no. 1 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2012.105.

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Economic evidence on the cost and benefits of sanitation and drinking-water supply supports higher allocation of resources and selection of efficient and affordable interventions. The study aim is to estimate global and regional costs and benefits of sanitation and drinking-water supply interventions to meet the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target in 2015, as well as to attain universal coverage. Input data on costs and benefits from reviewed literature were combined in an economic model to estimate the costs and benefits, and benefit-cost ratios (BCRs). Benefits included health and acces

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Potgieter, N., R. Koekemoer, and P. Jagals. "A pilot assessment of water, sanitation, hygiene and home-based care services for people living with HIV/AIDS in rural and peri-urban communities in South Africa." Water Science and Technology 56, no. 5 (2007): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.564.

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A short-term assessment of water, sanitation, hygiene and home-based care services in two rural and two peri-urban communities in South Africa was made using specially designed questionnaires. The results from this assessment indicated the shortcomings of various sections in the service provision to people affected and living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa. This paper is a summarised version of the assessment and aims to give an indication of the inadequacies of some of these services.

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Abrahams, Yvette, Sibongile Mhlongo, and Vernet Napo. "A gendered analysis of water and sanitation services policies and programmes in South Africa: 2006 – 2010." Agenda 25, no. 2 (2011): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2011.575998.

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Eberhard, R., and AJR Quick. "Water supply and sanitation in urban South Africa: Getting it right during the transition and beyond." Development Southern Africa 12, no. 6 (1995): 883–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768359508439864.

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Flores, A., C. Buckley, and R. Fenner. "Selecting sanitation systems for sustainability in developing countries." Water Science and Technology 60, no. 11 (2009): 2973–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.375.

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This paper presents a methodology for systematically incorporating multi-dimensional sustainability considerations into the selection of wastewater options for developing countries and the evaluation and comparison of these options. Appropriate technologies for developing countries were screened based on their function and their use of operational sustainability features; this list of technologies can then be used to elaborate design options. Sustainability indicators are used to enable a parallel comparison of the options from environmental, economic, and socio-cultural perspectives. For illu

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Gravelet-Blondin, L. R., S. J. Barclay, C. M. Carliell, and C. A. Buckley. "Management of water resources in South Africa with respect to the textile industry." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 2-3 (1997): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0544.

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South Africa is a water scarce country with an average annual rainfall of less than 60% of the world average. It is therefore important to encourage industries to minimise water consumption, and recycle and re-use water and effluent where possible. The South African Department of Water Affairs and Forestry is responsible for the management of water resources in South Africa, thereby ensuring the provision of adequate water supplies of acceptable quality for all recognised users. Of the industrial effluents produced in South Africa, textile effluents are considered to be one of the most problem

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Aucamp, P. J. "Pollution research in the Republic of South Africa." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 5, no. 4 (1986): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v5i4.1002.

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Pollution is a complex and wide subject. It is endeavoured to categorize it in manageable subdivisions. Since very little information is available on the expenditure on research by the industry, the paper concentrates on the expenditure by the public sector. Research on water pollution is funded by the WRC, the CSIR and the Departments of Water Affairs and Health. The latter is the main source of funds for air-pollution research. The Department of the Environment funds several projects on the abatement of pollution, especially by solid wastes. Some universities conduct research on pollution ab

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Apanga, Paschal A., Joshua V. Garn, Zoe Sakas, and Matthew C. Freeman. "Assessing the Impact and Equity of an Integrated Rural Sanitation Approach: A Longitudinal Evaluation in 11 Sub-Saharan Africa and Asian Countries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5 (2020): 1808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051808.

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Few rural sanitation programs have documented large increases in sanitation coverage or have assessed if interventions equitably increase sanitation coverage for vulnerable groups. We characterize the impact of the Sustainable Sanitation and Hygiene for All (SSH4A) approach on key program WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) indicators, and also assess if these increases in WASH coverage are equitably reaching vulnerable groups. The SSH4A approach was administered in 12 program areas in 11 countries, including Bhutan, Ethiopia, Ghana, Indonesia, Kenya, Mozambique, Nepal, South Sudan, Tanzania

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Hermanus, Lauren, and Sean Andrew. "Community-Centred Infrastructure Design Process for Resilience Building in South African Informal Settlements: The “Genius of Space” Solid Waste and Greywater Infrastructure Project." Case Studies in the Environment 2, no. 1 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/cse.2017.000729.

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Due to a lack of adequate water and sanitation infrastructure, growing, unplanned urban settlements in South Africa and elsewhere have been linked to pollution of critical river systems. The same dynamics undermine local resilience, understood as the capacity to adapt and develop in response to changes, persistent social and ecological risks, and disasters. Water and sanitation challenges undermine resilience by causing and compounding risks to individuals, and to household and community health and livelihoods, in a complex context in which communities and local governments have limited capaci

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Kgatle, Mookgo Solomon. "The Relationship between the Economic Strand of Contemporary Pentecostalism and Neo-Liberalism in Post-1994 South Africa." Religions 11, no. 4 (2020): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11040156.

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South Africa endured racial segregation under the national party for many years until 1994, with the attainment of democracy. In the process of negotiating a democracy like the CODESA negotiations, the ANC-led government found itself adopting economic policies that embraced neo-liberalism, which later became unfavorable to the black majority in South Africa. Consequently, although these economic policies of the post-colonial South Africa have made a few black people rich, many still live under the triple socio-economic challenges like unemployment, poverty, and inequality. In addition to the t

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Seymour, Zakiya A., Eugene Cloete, Margaret McCurdy, Mira Olson, and Joseph Hughes. "Understanding values of sanitation users: examining preferences and behaviors for sanitation systems." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 11, no. 2 (2021): 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2021.119.

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Abstract Sanitation policy and development has undergone a paradigm shift away from supply-driven toward behavioral-based demand-driven approaches. This shift to increase sanitation demand requires multiple stakeholders with varying degrees of interest, knowledge, and capacity. Currently, the design of appropriate sanitation technology disconnects user preference integration from sanitation technology design, resulting in fewer sanitation technologies being adopted and used. This research examines how preferences for specific attributes of appropriate sanitation technologies and implementation

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Ledwaba, Solanka Ellen, Piet Becker, Afsatou Traore-Hoffman, and Natasha Potgieter. "Bacterial Contamination of Children’s Toys in Rural Day Care Centres and Households in South Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16 (2019): 2900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162900.

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Background: Young children exhibit a high susceptibility to several diarrhoea-causing bacterial microorganisms. In this study, the prevalence of fecal contamination on children’s toys was determined using total coliform and E. coli as bacterial fecal indicators. The prevalence of diarrhoeagenic E. coli strains were used as an indication of the potential health risks. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out for 3 months in rural communities in the Vhembe district, Limpopo province of South Africa. Nonporous plastic toys (n = 137) used by children under 5 years

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Mancy, Khalil H. "A New Perspective on Rural Water Supply and Sanitation." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 9 (1993): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0172.

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It is claimed that the United Nations International Decade for Water Supply and Sanitation of the 1980s, has served to provide more than 1.3 billion people with capabilities tor adequate water supplies, and about 750 million with sanitation. The principle impact has been in rural communities of developing countries. Unfortunately, a considerable portion of these facilities are abandoned and inoperative. While completely manageable in the rich industrialized countries, water related diseases, e.g. infant mortality, child diarrhoea, and cholera epidemics persist in the poor countries of South Am

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Tandlich, Roman, Nosiphiwe P. Ngqwala, Aileen Boshoff, et al. "Challenges and Curriculum Transformation in the Higher Education Sector in South Africa: A Case Study in WASH to Improve the Training of Pharmacists." Acta Educationis Generalis 8, no. 1 (2018): 3–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/atd-2018-0001.

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AbstractIntroduction: South Africa is a member state of the “BRICS” bloc (BRICS2017.org, 2017) and the G20 group of the 20 nations/economic blocs, which between them account for the majority of the world’s trade and economic activity. It faces many developmental challenges which are mirrored in its higher education sector. In this article, the authors seek to provide an overview of the challenges that South African higher education faces in the achievement of the developmental goals of the country. The focus of this paper is a case study in WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene) to improve conte

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Bisung, Elijah, and Susan J. Elliott. "Psychosocial impacts of the lack of access to water and sanitation in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review." Journal of Water and Health 15, no. 1 (2016): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2016.158.

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The lack of access to safe water and adequate sanitation has implications for the psychosocial well-being of individuals and households. To review the literature on psychosocial impacts, we completed a scoping review of the published literature using Medline, Embase, and Scopus. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed in detail. Of the included studies, six were conducted in India, one in Nepal, one in Mexico, one in Bolivia, two in Ethiopia, one in Zimbabwe, one in South Africa, and two in Kenya. Four interrelated groups of stressors emerged from the review: physical stre

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Momberg, D. J., L. E. Voth-Gaeddert, B. C. Ngandu, et al. "Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) factors associated with growth between birth and 1 year of age in children in Soweto, South Africa: results from the Soweto Baby WASH study." Journal of Water and Health 18, no. 5 (2020): 798–819. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2020.085.

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Abstract Interventions to reduce undernutrition and improve child growth have incorporated improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) as part of disease transmission prevention strategies. Knowledge gaps still exist, namely, when and which WASH factors are determinants for growth faltering, and when WASH interventions are most effective at improving growth. This study drew cross-sectional data from a longitudinal cohort study and used hierarchical regression analyses to assess associations between WASH factors: water index, sanitation, hygiene index, and growth: height-for-age (HAZ), weigh

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Mkhize, Nosipho, Myra Taylor, Kai M. Udert, Teddy G. Gounden, and Chris A. Buckley. "Urine diversion dry toilets in eThekwini Municipality, South Africa: acceptance, use and maintenance through users' eyes." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 7, no. 1 (2017): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.079.

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This study was part of the VUNA project aimed to develop an affordable sanitation system that produces a valuable fertiliser, reduces pollution of water resources and promotes health. Urine diversion dry toilets (UDDTs) simplify the on-site hygienisation of faeces and allow for nutrient recovery from urine. Social acceptance is vital for the implementation of the UDDT, because sanitation is only effective if the system not only provides a well-designed toilet and effective waste management, but also offers users a facility that caters to their needs and is sensitive to their cultural lifestyle

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Schoeman, G., and P. Pybus. "The role of communication in the delivery of water services to communities." Water Supply 2, no. 4 (2002): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0142.

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The key to providing sustainable water and sanitation services to communities lies in the proper understanding by all the parties involved of their roles, responsibilities and what the outcomes will be. The extent to which engineers and communities were able to communicate and understand one another was investigated in a number of case studies in South Africa. The findings of the study showed the importance of understanding the nature of communication, the real needs of the community, the explanation of the roles of the participants, the identification of the appropriate level of service and t

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Kabuyaya, Muhubiri, Moses J. Chimbari, Tawanda Manyangadze, and Samson Mukaratirwa. "Schistosomiasis risk factors based on the infection status among school-going children in the Ndumo area, uMkhanyakude district, South Africa." Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases 32, no. 2 (2017): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v32i2.56.

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Background:Schistosomiasis remains a public health burden in South Africa, particularly in KwaZulu-Natal. The study aimed to identify the risk factors for transmission of Schistosoma haematobium among school-going children in the Ndumo area of uMkhanyakude district, KwaZulu-Natal.Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 320 school-going children, aged 10–15 years, was conducted in 10 local primary schools in the Ndumo area, from May to June 2015. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on sociodemographic information, sanitation and water access, recreational, occupational

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Bond, T., E. Roma, K. M. Foxon, M. R. Templeton, and C. A. Buckley. "Ancient water and sanitation systems – applicability for the contemporary urban developing world." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 5 (2013): 935–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.628.

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The idea of implementing ancient water and wastewater technologies in the developing world is a persuasive one, since ancient systems had many features which would constitute sustainable and decentralised water and sanitation (WATSAN) provision in contemporary terminology. Latest figures indicate 2.6 billion people do not use improved sanitation and 1.1 billion practise open defecation, thus there is a huge need for sustainable and cost-effective WATSAN facilities, particularly in cities of the developing world. The objective of this study was to discuss and evaluate the applicability of selec

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