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1
Reddy, Michael. "Total Quality Management (TQM): A Catalyst for Service Delivery in the South African Police Service." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 2, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v2i4.65.
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September 2014 marked the release of the 2013/14 crime statistics in South Africa by the National Commissioner of the SAPS and the Minister of Police. Does a sense of safety and security fill the atmosphere? Do most South Africans, investors, and tourists alike believe that the crime rate in South Africa is reflective of a war zone and that South Africa is in a quagmire that engenders irretrievable damage to the lives of the citizenry and the economy? It is accepted that crime is a conflation of a number of economic, social and cultural factors; hence as a reviewable point, can the SAPS ensure the development of unassailable and perpetual policy solutions, underpinned with the highest quality that provides a guarantee of the citizen’s basic constitutional right to freedom and life. This article reviews literature on TQM and extrapolates lessons learnt to the practical functioning of the SAPS with a view to provide a myriad of TQM principles that may be considered by SAPS Management; this could serve as a catalyst for an improved policing service in South Africa.
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Daniels, Nicolette, and Rozenda Hendrickse. "The status of quality management in selected Community Service Centres in the Western Cape, South Africa." Problems and Perspectives in Management 15, no. 2 (September 4, 2017): 424–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.15(2-2).2017.11.
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Quality management systems in public organizations influence the quality of service delivery outputs. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of service delivery at Community Service Centres (CSC) of the South African Police Service (SAPS) in the Western Cape, South Africa. A mixed-method research approach was employed to gather data for the study. Both a survey questionnaire and in-depth interviews were used to collect the data. The sample data set contacted 300 respondents from three policing areas situated in the Western Cape Metropolis. The main findings indicated that clients were satisfied with the level of service they received from the SAPS. However, the main area of concern was the absence of service delivery initatives at three police stations.
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Lamb, Guy. "Safeguarding the Republic? The South African Police Service, Legitimacy and the Tribulations of Policing a Violent Democracy." Journal of Asian and African Studies 56, no. 1 (February 2021): 92–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909620946853.
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Since 1994 the South African Police Service (SAPS) has undertaken various efforts to build legitimacy in South Africa. Extensive community policing resources have been made available, and a hybrid community-oriented programme (sector policing) has been pursued. Nevertheless, public opinion data has shown that there are low levels of public trust in the police. Using Goldsmith’s framework of trust-diminishing police behaviours, this article suggests that indifference, a lack of professionalism, incompetence and corruption on the part of the police, particularly in high-crime areas, have eroded public trust in the SAPS. Furthermore, in an effort to maintain order, reduce crime and assert the authority of the state, the police have adopted militaristic strategies and practices, which have contributed to numerous cases of excessive use of force, which has consequently weakened police legitimacy in South Africa
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Pienaar, Jacobus, and Sebastiaan Rothmann. "Suicide Ideation in the South African Police Service." South African Journal of Psychology 35, no. 1 (March 2005): 58–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124630503500104.
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Little information exists regarding the suicide ideation of uniformed members of the South African Police Service (SAPS). The objectives of this study were to determine the level of suicide ideation of police members and to determine the differences between the suicide ideation of various demographic groups. Across-sectional survey design was used. Stratified random samples ( N = 1781) were taken of police members of eight provinces in South Africa. The Adult Suicide Ideation Questionnaire and a biographical questionnaire were administered. The results indicated that 8.30% of the sample showed a high level of suicide ideation. Multiway frequency analyses showed that the observed frequencies of high suicide ideation (compared with low suicide ideation), statistically, were significantly higher than the expected frequencies in groups based on race, rank, gender, province, alcohol consumption, educational qualifications, medical problems and previous suicide attempts.
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Brooks, Heidi. "‘This democracy is killing us’: perceptions of rights and democracy in the South African Police Service." Journal of Modern African Studies 58, no. 2 (June 2020): 165–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x20000191.
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AbstractPolice reform in South Africa has been a crucial component of democratic consolidation. Yet recent research presents a contrasting set of opinions, indicating low levels of public trust in the South African Police Service (SAPS), but continued belief in their right to enforce the law, and a strong sense of isolation amongst officers themselves. As police are constitutive of the officers who populate their ranks, attention should be given to how ‘democracy’ is perceived by those charged with its protection. Through a series of interviews, this article examines how SAPS officers understand and experience ‘democracy’. Situating officers in the broader society and communities in which they work, it shows that officers conceive of democracy predominantly through the lens of ‘rights’ and that their role in protecting rights is complicated by the transitional nature of South Africa's democracy. It also provides insight into a sense of disempowerment amongst officers, suggesting negative conceptions of the quality of democracy and of the balance of liberal constitutionalism with the democratic impetus of building safer communities.
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Guile, Gillian, Colin Tredoux, and Don Foster. "Inherent and Organisational Stress in the SAPS: An Empirical Survey in the Western Cape." South African Journal of Psychology 28, no. 3 (September 1998): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124639802800302.
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Police work has been identified as a stressful occupation. Considered in the context of the South African (SA) situation, the paucity of research on the topic is cause for concern. This paper reports a preliminary exploration of stress in the South African Police Service (SAPS). Ninety-one SAPS members in the Cape Peninsula completed a questionnaire consisting of (i) Spielberger's 60-item Police Stress Survey (Spielberger, Westbury, Grier & Greenfield, 1981), and (ii) a 12-item Likert scale identifying potentially stressful areas specific to the South African context. Results show the SA sample to evidence a greater degree of stress than a USA sample. Results indicate that the way In which the police organisation operates in SA creates stress additional to the inherent pressure already existing as a result of the nature of police work. This finding indicates a potential area of intervention, and also shows that further research could profitably be conducted.
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Brooks, Heidi. "Democracy and its discontents: Protest from a police perspective." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 67 (May 15, 2019): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2019/v0n67a5711.
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In South Africa, media and scholarly research has increasingly drawn into question the correctness of police responses to post-1994 popular protest. Assessments of democratic policing, moreover, emphasise the critical role of the police in democratic development. Existing accounts of protest, however, seldom draw upon the assessments of individual police members. In an attempt to understand the challenges to democratic policing and the dynamics and complexities of protest, this article examines protest from the perspective of rank and file officers in the South African Police Service (SAPS). It shows, not only the importance of recognising bottom-up perspectives in constructing appropriate responses to protest, but the complexity of SAPS members’ own identities as both officers and citizens. Reports of police action indicate the sometimes unwarranted and disproportional use force. Yet, simultaneously, for many officers, protest seems to straddle their police and private lives, conferring on them a duty to enforce law and order, while experiencing the shortcomings of democracy themselves.
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Ngobese, Ndabazinhle, Roger B. Mason, and Mandusha Maharaj. "The effect of service delivery in public ‘community service centres’: A case of an emerging economy." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 7, no. 3 (2017): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv7i3p5.
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This study investigated public perceptions of the service delivery provided by the Community Service Centres (CSC) of the South African Police Service (SAPS) Durban, South Africa. The study focuses on measuring service quality and service delivery. SERVQUAL was used to compare clients’ perceptions against expectations of service quality. Four hundred respondents were surveyed at three community service centres (previously known as ‘police stations’), with expectations and perceptions being assessed via the dimensions of tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. The results indicate that in all five dimensions there is a significant negative quality gap, implying that the quality of service received is below what is expected by clients. Improvements are required in all five dimensions if service delivery is to be improved. Actions needed to improve service quality include regular assessment and monitoring of clients’ experiences, as well as employees’ behaviour.
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Stanz, Karel, G. J. Schwart, and W. J. Schurink. "Frontline police employees’ social construction of client service." SA Journal of Human Resource Management 5, no. 3 (July 14, 2007): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v5i3.150.
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The social construction of frontline employees’ client service plays a major role in organisational success. This study illuminated why frontline personnel are reluctant to accept organisational change which is in line with new policing philosophies. Applying modernist qualitative methodology, and particularly grounded theory within a case study design a ‘process satisfaction model’ was developed with the aim to improve employee satisfaction with internal processes and ultimately service delivery. This model may be used for change in the South African Police Service SAPS) and other government departments.
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Jorgensen, L. I., and S. Rothmann. "Die evaluering van 'n opleidingsprogram ten opsigte van interpersoonlike doeltreffendheid." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 1, no. 3 (September 30, 1998): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v1i3.2552.
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The South African Police Service (SAPS) is increasingly moving towards community policing. This movement makes great demands on the interpersonal efficiency of police officers and their trainers. It seems, however, that trainers in the SAPS seldom have sufficient knowledge and/or skills to manage interpersonal contact effectively. A two-group design was used to evaluate a training programme regarding interpersonal efficiency for instructors within the SAPS Training College. It transpired that interpersonal skills improved significantly after completion of the training programme. As far as qualitative impressions are concerned, it was found that certain organisational factors might inhibit the development of interpersonal efficiency of trainers.
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Boshoff, Pieter, and Herman Strydom. "EXPLORING PROGRAMMES TO SUPPORT POLICE OFFICIALS EXPOSED TO TRAUMA." Southern African Journal of Social Work and Social Development 27, no. 1 (December 22, 2015): 89–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2415-5829/779.
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As a result of the critical nature of police officers' work, it is of utmost importance that they have direct access to support. The efficacy of the present trauma intervention programmes in the South African Police Service (SAPS) is questioned, because despite the implementation of trauma intervention programmes, police officials still present high levels of acute and behavioural problems. A literature overview of proposed international trauma intervention approaches concentrating on both the psychological, behavioural and social factors affecting police officers exposed to trauma, as well as those models implemented by SAPS are discussed. The objective of this article is to critically appraise existing trauma intervention approaches to better understand, compare and extrapolate key elements of these approaches, and to reconfigure them into a comprehensive holistic psychosocial therapeutic trauma intervention programme for use among the police in South Africa. It was found that the cognitive behavioural therapy model (CBT), prolonged exposure (PE) and the eco-systemic perspective, which was specifically developed for social work, dispose some of the best elements to be reconfigured into a holistic psycho-social trauma intervention programme.
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Carney, Terrence R. "Understanding one’s rights when arrested and detained: An assessment of language barriers that affect comprehension." South African Journal of Criminal Justice 34, no. 1 (2021): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/sacj/v34/i1a1.
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Difficult text formulations, on the one hand, as well as poor linguistic skills and comprehension on the other, can severely hamper the communication effort of basic human rights during the judicial process. The rights entrenched in s 35 of the Constitution of South Africa (Act 108 of 1996), as they apply to individuals who are arrested, detained and accused, and read out by a member of the local South African Police Service (SAPS), are written in a legal register that can be too difficult for additional language speakers to understand. This begs the question of whether arrested, detained and accused individuals are fully aware of their rights and whether they can exercise these rights if they do not understand the language that expresses them. This article appraises the potential comprehensibility of the notice of rights (SAPS 14A), as provided to arrested, detained and accused individuals by the SAPS. The researcher’s assessments indicate that the text is pitched at an English readability level suited to university graduates and could be too difficult for South Africans with limited schooling and linguistic abilities to comprehend. A revision of SAPS 14A is offered as an illustration of a possible improvement to increase readability and, subsequently, better access to the mentioned rights.
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Zikalala, Nomsa Ingrid. "'Black like Me': A Critical Analysis of Arrest Practices Based on Skin Color in the Gauteng Province, South Africa." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (April 30, 2021): 652–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.76.
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Objective: This article looks at the everyday life and realities of current practices employed by the South African Police Service (SAPS) officials, by shedding light on the experiences and practices on profiling search and effecting arrest based on race and skin color in the Gauteng Province. Particularly, this article examines the experiences of the SAPS officials to measure police perception of the skin color of foreign nationals, and to establish if wrongful arrests were linked to skin color stereotyping. Methods: The theoretical approach employed the social identity theory (SIT) was used to interpret the results. A survey questionnaire consisting of the New Immigration Survey (NIS) Skin Color Scale with 10 shades of skin color mapped to a pictorial guide, as well as a self-report measure on wrongful arrests, was administered to 80 SAPS officials, who performed visible policing duties. The research sample consisted of two SAPS groups from two different contexts, namely township and urban contexts. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used to conduct Pearson's correlation and comparative analyses. Results: The results showed that the SAPS officials stereotyped foreign nationals as dark-skinned. The skin color stereotype was, however, not correlated to wrongful arrests. The study concluded that although respondents perceived that South Africans were distinguishable from foreign nationals based on skin color or tone, identification processes were not influenced by this stereotype belief.
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Jones, Russell, and Ashraf Kagee. "Predictors of Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms among South African Police Personnel." South African Journal of Psychology 35, no. 2 (June 2005): 209–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124630503500204.
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The present study investigated the relationship between coping style, perceived social support, length of service experience, age, and gender on symptoms of post-traumatic stress among members of the South African Police Service (SAPS) in the Western Cape. In Phase 1 of the study, 19 police officers participated in a series of qualitative interviews aimed at eliciting a list of duty-related stressors that formed the basis of a stressor questionnaire. In Phase 2 of the study 97 officers from twelve police stations in the western metropolis of Cape Town completed a battery of questionnaires that assessed stressful experiences, symptoms of post-traumatic stress, coping, social and family support, and various demographic variables. The first multiple regression analysis showed that problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping and perceived social support explained 42.6% of the variance in the severity of posttraumatic stress scores, although problem-focused coping was positively associated with symptom severity (β = 0.68). In the second multiple regression analysis, coping was entered as a composite variable and, together with perceived social support, accounted for 29.3% of the variance in post-traumatic stress scores. These results imply a need to enhance specific coping skills among police officers in addressing duty-related traumatic stressors and to fortify social support structures both within the police service and in the private lives of officers.
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Evans, Donna Maree, Marlise L. Richter, and Munyaradazi I. Katumba. "Policing of sex work in South Africa: The positive policing partnership approach." Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being 4, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.107.
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All aspects of sex work are criminalized in South Africa. Due to their marginalized position in society, sex workers are often the target of police violence and human rights violations, all of which have far-reaching implications for public health. Existing complaint mechanisms and police oversight structures rarely ensure accountability for sex worker human rights violations. In 2016, various sex work sector stakeholders and allied civil society members partnered in a collaborative project to document the operational policing challenges and record a contemporary evidence base of sex worker rights violations by law enforcement. The findings demonstrated that violation of sex worker human rights is systemic, pervasive, and entrenched. The project approach helped catalyze a move away from more traditionally adversarial approaches, withstakeholders from the South African sex work sector forming the Positive Policing Partnership (PPP) as an advocacy vehicle to drive positive, solution-focused engagement on the operational policing challenges. The PPP focuses on collaboration, innovative partnerships, and capacity building. Concurrently, the COC Netherlands Dignity, Diversity and Policing project has successfully embedded a rights-based police training curriculum in partnership with the South African Police Service (SAPS). These projects employ different strategies and frameworks to catalyze positive change and to support effective engagement between the sex work sector, law enforcement, and government. This article provides a snapshot of the formation, activities and progress of these projects to date, teamed with a summary of key strategies and learnings.
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Jabar, Ardil, Tolu Oni, Mark E. Engel, Nemanja Cvetkovic, and Richard Matzopoulos. "Rationale and design of the violence, injury and trauma observatory (VITO): the Cape Town VITO pilot studies protocol." BMJ Open 7, no. 12 (December 2017): e016485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016485.
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The establishment of violence and injury observatories elsewhere has been found to reduce the burden within a relatively short period. Currently no integrated system exists in South Africa to provide collated data on violence, to allow for targeted interventions and routine monitoring and evaluation.This research seeks to identify if bringing multiple data sources, including but not limited to data from the South African Police Service (SAPS), Forensic Pathology Services (FPS), Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and local hospital clinical databases, together are (1) feasible; (2) able to generate data for action, that is valid, reliable and robust and (3) able to lead to interventions.The violence, injury and trauma observatory (VITO) is a planned collaborative, multicentre study of clinical, police and forensic data for violence and injury in the City of Cape Town, where a local context exists of access to multiple source of health and non-health data. The VITO will initially be piloted in Khayelitsha, a periurban community characterised by increased rates of violence, where fatal and non-fatal injury data will be sourced from within the community for the period 2012–2015 and subjected to descriptive statistics and time-trend analyses. Analysed data will be visualised using story maps, data clocks, web maps and other geographical information systems-related products.This study has been approved by the University of Cape Town’s Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC 861/2016). We intend to disseminate our findings among stakeholders within the local government safety cluster, non-governmental organisations working within the violence prevention sector and the afflicted communities through the SAPS and violence prevention through urban upgrading community forums. Findings from this work will serve to identify important issues and trends, influence public policy and develop evidence-based interventions.
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Maluleke, Witness. "Perspectives on Stock Theft Prevention in the Selected Provinces of South Africa: Failures and Successes." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (April 30, 2021): 1029–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.121.
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Residents of Limpopo (LIM) and KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Province are witnessing higher rates of stock theft, with the inhabitants of the selected communities living in fear for the prevention of this scourge. This study explores the extent of this crime in the selected areas of LIM and KZN, considering contributory factors, determining the relationship between the South African Police Service Stock Theft Units (SAPS STUs) and other relevant stakeholders, as well as looking at existing strategies (And their failures and successes) in responding to this crime effectively. A qualitative research approach coupled with Non-probability: Purposive sampling was used in this study. The targeted population consisted of 113 participants. For data collections, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), Key Informant Interviews (KIIs), and Observation Schedules were adopted. lack of appropriate preventative measures has led to rise of stock theft, it was, therefore, discovered that both the affected livestock farmers and members of the community lost confidence toward the police, Besides, the perspectives on stock theft prevention in LIM and KZN reflect a greater challenge, with inadequate solutions present, since the current preventative measures are ineffective. Thus, understanding stock theft phenomenon is critical to its prevention as the sector of livestock in South Africa is the contributory key to the value of the agricultural economy.
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Jonsson, Greg Wayne, Yusuf Moosa, and Fatima Jeenah. "The Mental Health Care Act: Stakeholder compliance with respect to Section 40 of the Act." South African Journal of Psychiatry 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2009): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v15i2.177.
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<p><strong>Objective.</strong> To determine compliance with Section 40 (1-3) of the Mental Health Care Act (MHCA) No 17 of 2002, viz. handing over custody by the South African Police Service (SAPS) of suspected mentally ill patients to medical services at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital (CHBH).</p><p><strong>Methods.</strong> The study was a retrospective record review of patients who were 18 years and older, referred by SAPS to CHBH. In accordance with Section 40 of the MHCA, a MHCA form 22 is completed when suspected mentally ill patients are handed over by SAPS to the medical services. MHCA forms 22 that were completed during the period July 2007 to December 2007 were obtained from hospital records and analysed to determine the compliance of SAPS and medical practitioners in completing them. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results.</strong> During the study period, 708 of the 718 patients handed over by SAPS to the Emergency Department of CHBH were entered on MHCA forms 22. SAPS officials had correctly completed 86% of the forms, whereas the medical practitioners had only correctly completed 9.9% of the forms. Of the 718 patients handed over by SAPS, 319 (44%) were discharged for outpatient care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> The findings of this study suggest that not all parties fully comply with Section 40 of the Mental Health Care Act No 17 of 2002. We suggest that the situation can be improved by training of all parties; amendments to the MHCA form 22; partnership between mental health care practitioners and members of SAPS; and combining resources towards implementing a crisis intervention model similar to that in other countries.</p>
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Van der Walt, Tharien. "The Use of Force in Effecting Arrest in South Africa and the 2010 Bill: a Step in the Right Direction." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 14, no. 1 (June 6, 2017): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2011/v14i1a2548.
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In South Africa the use of force in effecting arrest is statutorily governed by section 49 of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977. The inception of the Constitution brought about a dramatic change in South African law in this regard. During 2001 and 2002 the two highest courts in the country had to decide on the constitutionality of sections 49(1) and 49(2) respectively. The Supreme Court of Appeal in Govender v Minister of Safety and Security 2001 2 SACR 197 (SCA) did not declare section 49(1) unconstitutional but found it had to be interpreted restrictively ("read down") to survive constitutional scrutiny. The Constitutional Court on the other hand confirmed the unconstitutionality of section 49(2) in S v Walters 2002 2 SACR 105 (CC) and the section was declared invalid. By then (as early as 1998) the legislature had already promulgated an amendment to section 49, but the amendment came into operation only in 2003 after section 49 had undergone intensive constitutional scrutiny. Legal scholars and others raised serious objections against the amendment – some were even of the opinion that it created a "right to flee" and that the rights of perpetrators were protected to the detriment of law-abiding citizens. The Department of Justice and Constitutional Development in 2010 drafted an Amendment Bill which was subsequently approved in Parliament. This paper discusses and concludes on: the developments over the last years in the South African law with regard to the use of force in effecting arrest by the South African Police Service (SAPS); international policies and guidelines of the police in this regard; and the application of the provisions of the Amendment Bill in practice and the possible pitfalls in the application of the latter.
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Mkhwanazi, Zephania Mqedi, and Dee Khosa. "An Analysis of Public Order Policing in the Gauteng Province, South Africa." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (August 23, 2021): 1320–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.152.
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Background: Public order policing (POP) has attracted considerable interest from the academic community due to public protests in South Africa. This is not surprising given that it represents an important component of police work. As South Africa’s democracy has been maturing, the democratic dispensation brought the promise of civil liberties and a human rights culture. Although these parallel developments brought prospects of accountability and legitimacy by the South African Police Service (SAPS), the restoration of public order, especially during public protests, has remained a challenge for the SAPS. Purpose: The objectives of this research were threefold: to explore the role of the POP unit; to explore its capacity to respond to public protests; and to determine the effectiveness of the integrated interventions of the relevant stakeholders to restore engagement and order. Methods: A qualitative research approach employing semi-structured interviews was utilised. To understand the policing of public protests, purposeful sampling was utilised to select 25 participants comprising community members, municipal officials, and POP members. These participants were selected since they are directly involved either in responding to public order or being part of protests, and it was therefore envisaged that their contribution would assist in understanding how protests are responded to. Conclusion: The findings indicate that when the POP units that are mandated to fulfil these goals are not effective, disruptions of public order are minimised and the destructive consequences of those that do occur are contained. The results illustrate that the restoration of public order necessitates regenerating public order characterised by low expectations of violence and a heightened respect for human rights. Recommendations: This article recommends that the relevant stakeholders in collaboration with the POP unit must respond adequately to the maintenance of safety and security during protests. The relevant stakeholders and the POP unit should enhance the effectiveness of the current strategies to be able to deal with anticipated public violence and disorder, improvement of the intelligence-gathering process to plan properly, adequate and proper training facilities, reviewing and updating of training manuals, and methods based on lessons learned and best practices to ensure that the training is relevant. POP members must undergo regular training and in-service training to maintain their fitness levels, standards, proficiency, and competencies.
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Mukumba, Tsangadzaome Alexander, and Imraan Abdullah. "Enabling the enabler: Using access to information to ensure the right to peaceful protest." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 62 (December 13, 2017): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2017/v0n62a3032.
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The Regulation of Gatherings Act (RGA) places strict guidelines on how to exercise the right to protest, with particular emphasis on the submission of a notice of gathering to the responsible person within a municipality in terms of sections 2(4) and 3 of the Act. However, municipalities do not proactively make the notice of gathering templates available for public use (or may not have these at all), and often do not publicise the details of the designated responsible person. To test municipalities’ compliance with the RGA, the Legal Resources Centre (LRC) enlisted the help of the South African History Archive (SAHA) to submit a series of Promotion of Access to Information Act (PAIA) requests to every municipality in South Africa. PAIA requests were also submitted to the South African Police Service (SAPS) for records relating to public order policing. The initiative aimed to provide these templates and related documents to interested parties as an open source resource on the protestinfo.org.za website. The results of these efforts show that compliance with the RGA is uneven. This article explores the flaws in the regulatory environment that have led to this level of apathy within government, despite the crucial role of the right to protest and the right of access to information as enabling rights in our constitutional democracy. An analysis of the full PAIA request dataset shows the extent of government’s resistance to facilitating these enabling rights, and provides insights into remedial interventions. The article concludes with a series of recommendations, which centre on statutory reforms to the RGA and PAIA to ensure appropriate sanction for non-compliance by government, proactive disclosure of relevant information, and emergency provisions allowing curtailed procedural requirements. The intention of the proposed amendments is to minimise the possibility that these fundamental, enabling rights might be frustrated.
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Meyer, Michael E., and Jean Steyn. "Nurturing isolation in the South African police service." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 32, no. 1 (March 6, 2009): 108–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13639510910937148.
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Mabasa, Hlupheka Michael, and Adewale A. Olutola. "The structure of South African police: Towards a single police service." Cogent Social Sciences 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1959974. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2021.1959974.
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Wassermann, Ariami, Deon Meiring, and Jurgen Renier Becker. "Stress and coping of police officers in the South African Police Service." South African Journal of Psychology 49, no. 1 (March 13, 2018): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0081246318763059.
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Working in the police service can be physically and emotionally demanding. Officers use various coping methods to deal with the stressors. The main aim of this study was to investigate which coping responses are used most by police officers in the South African Police Service and to investigate how the prevalence of these coping responses changes over time. A longitudinal approach was used where data were collected at three different points in time. The final sample ( n = 120) was used for this study. The results indicate that police officers predominantly use planful problem-solving, positive reappraisal, and confrontive coping to deal with their daily stress. Planful problem-solving and positive reappraisal are seen as adaptive ways of dealing with stress, while the outcomes of confrontive coping are context dependent. The coping responses of seeking social support, escape avoidance, and accepting responsibility were used less frequently. The results indicate that coping styles change over time as police officers accepted significantly less responsibility, made less use of confrontive coping, and relied more on planful problem-solving, positive reappraisal, and escape avoidance. The findings of this study have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of stress of active police officers. It is recommended that interventions such as emotional competence training be used to reinforce and refresh positive coping strategies to enhance the emotional well-being of police officers.
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Tladi, Dire. "National Commissioner of the South African Police Service v. Southern African Human Rights Litigation Centre (Sup. Ct. App. S. Afr.)." International Legal Materials 54, no. 1 (February 2015): 152–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/intelegamate.54.1.0152.
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On November 27, 2013, the Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) handed down a judgment on an appeal from the South African Police Service and Prosecution Authority in National Commissioner of the South African Police Service v. Southern African Human Rights Litigation Centre (the Decision). The Court decided that the South African Police Service is empowered to initiate investigations into alleged crimes against humanity committed in the territory of another state, irrespective of whether the alleged perpetrators are present in South Africa, and ordered the authorities to initiate such investigations.
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Myeni, Lindumusa, Mokhele Moeletsi, Mulalo Thavhana, Mulalo Randela, and Lebohang Mokoena. "Barriers Affecting Sustainable Agricultural Productivity of Smallholder Farmers in the Eastern Free State of South Africa." Sustainability 11, no. 11 (May 28, 2019): 3003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11113003.
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Sustainable Agricultural Practices (SAPs) are the most promising pathways to enhance the productivity and resilience of agricultural production of smallholder farming systems while conserving the natural resources. This study was undertaken to identify the barriers affecting sustainable agricultural productivity of smallholder farmers in the eastern Free State, South Africa. Data were collected from 359 smallholder farmers using questionnaires and the validity of the collected data was confirmed through focus group discussions with key informants. Descriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression model were used to analyze data. Results indicated that traditional SAPs such as intercropping, mulching and crop rotation were more likely to be adopted by farmers with access to land yet without access to credit (and had low levels of education, although this finding was not significant). In contrast, new SAPs such as cover cropping, minimum-tillage, tied ridging and planting pits were more knowledge (education), capital and labor intensive. Therefore, extension strategies should take these differences into consideration when promoting both the adoption of traditional SAPs and new SAPs. Targeting resource-constrained farmers (in terms of access to credit and education) through raising awareness and building capacity is essential to ensure the adoption of traditional SAPs. In turn, promoting the adoption of new SAPs not only needs awareness raising and capacity building but also must fundamentally address resource constraints of South African smallholder farmers such as knowledge, capital and labor. It is recommended that government should provide resources and infrastructure to improve the quality and outreach of extension services through field demonstration trials and training.
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Gumani, Masefako Andronica, Eduard Fourie, and Martin Terre Blanche. "Critical Incidents Impact Management Among South African Police Service Officers." Journal of Psychology in Africa 23, no. 3 (January 2013): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2013.10820655.
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Faull, Andrew. "Towards a ‘New Professionalism’ for the South African Police Service." South African Review of Sociology 44, no. 2 (June 2013): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2013.802535.
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Mostert, Karina, and Sebastiaan Rothmann. "Work-related well-being in the South African Police Service." Journal of Criminal Justice 34, no. 5 (September 2006): 479–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2006.09.003.
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Jonck, Petronella, and Eben Swanepoel. "The influence of corruption: a South African case." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 39, no. 1 (March 21, 2016): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-06-2015-0076.
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Purpose – A growing public concern among South African citizens is that of corruption in law enforcement, an awareness of which causes significant tension in the community – police relationship. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how law enforcement corruption influences service delivery satisfaction and public trust. Design/methodology/approach – Data from the Victims of Crime Survey 2013/2014 for all nine provinces in South Africa were utilised, yielding a final sample of 25,605 respondents. By means of standard multiple-regression analysis, the study established that corruption statistically significantly influence service delivery satisfaction and public trust. Findings – The demographic variables that statistically significantly influenced the aforementioned dependent variables were province, population group and age. Gender and religion were not found to influence law enforcement public trust and service delivery satisfaction significantly. Research limitations/implications – It is recommended that the findings be used to stimulate public debate and renew efforts to curb law enforcement corruption specifically by emphasising police integrity. Practical implications – Limited empirical evidence can be found on the influence of law enforcement corruption on service delivery satisfaction and public trust especially in South Africa where police corruption is a serious concern. Determining the consequences of perceived corruption underscore the importance thereof and will renew efforts to curb as such the prevalence thereof. Social implications – The case study of South Africa could provide valuable lessons not only for South African policy makers but for other countries perilled by high crime rates, a lack of public trust and social segmentation. Originality/value – Limited empirical evidence could be found on the influence of law enforcement corruption on service delivery satisfaction and public trust especially in South Africa where police corruption is a serious concern.
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Dlamini, Siyanda. "South African Police Services Officials` Perceptions of Community-Police Relations in Durban, South Africa." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (December 31, 2020): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.27.
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Police officers’ views about police-citizen relationships are shaped not only by opportunities to interact with community residents during normal police work but also in part by efforts due to the larger police mission of encouraging and supporting such attitudes. In recent years, police in different countries has shifted from the traditional reactive form of policing towards community-oriented approaches. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to explore police officers’ views of citizen-police relationships and community policing in Durban, South Africa. A qualitative research approach was adopted, to explore such perceptions in the study area. The findings collected through semi-structured interviews with the South African Police Services personnel suggested that police officer were dissatisfied and at best ambiguous about citizens’ participation in crime prevention activities or support for the police in a township dwelling. However, in a suburban area, the perceptions marked an improvement in their attitudes on various dimensions. These include officers’ views about the overall police mission, increased emphasis on service-oriented policing in contrast to a law enforcement approach, support for community policing, perceived citizens’ willingness to cooperate with the police in crime prevention activities, and decreased cynicism about citizens. These findings suggest confidence in the utility of community policing ideas.
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Mostert, K., and AF Joubert. "Job stress, burnout and coping strategies in the South African police service." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 8, no. 1 (January 13, 2015): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v8i1.1282.
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The objective of this study was to determine if coping strategies could moderate the relationship between occupational stress and burnout in a sample of police officers. A cross-sectional design was used. A stratified random sample (n=340) was taken of police members in the Western Cape. The Police Stress Invesntory, Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey and COPE questionnaire were administered. Structural equation modelling showed that occupational stress due to job demands and a lack of resources leads to burnout. Two coping strategies were identified, namely avoidance coping and approach coping (consisting of active coping, emotional support and turning to religion). Avoidance coping moderated the relationship between occupational stress and burnout. Approach coping had an independent effect on burnout.
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Newham, Gareth, and Brian Rappert. "Policing for impact: Is South Africa ready for Evidence-Based Policing?" South African Crime Quarterly, no. 64 (June 29, 2018): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2018/v0n64a2998.
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The prospect that research can improve the impact of policing operations and internal organisational efficiencies has been a source of promise and frustration for decades. Â It may seem obvious to many that research should be able to assist with better policing strategies and tactics by providing evidence as to what does or does not work. Realizing this potential, however, it is not straightforward. The complexities of applying scientific research methods to what is often the messy business of policing often does not result in clear or consistent findings. This article reflects on Evidence-Based Policing (EBP) and its challenges in relation to the establishment of the South African Police Service’s (SAPS) first ever National Research Division.
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Yesufu, Shaka. "Human rights and the policing of disorder in South Africa: challenges and future directions." EUREKA: Social and Humanities, no. 3 (May 31, 2021): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2021.001861.
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Unarguably, the South African Police during the apartheid era was characterised by brutality and state repression, including the political executions of several South African citizens who dared oppose the apartheid regime. The post-apartheid era has also witnessed deaths of citizens at the hands of the police during demonstrations, demanding better service delivery, higher wages, improved working conditions, and an end to marginalisation and poverty. The author presents some cases of police human rights violations concerning policing citizen’s protests. This is a qualitative study, relying on extensive literature review by previous researchers. The findings of this study are: The South Africa Police Service continues to violate citizen's right to protest, which is enshrined in the Republic of South Africa’s constitution under chapter 2 “Bill of Rights” and other international legal jurisprudence. The South African police have failed to perform their duties professionally and effectively when it comes to policing protests. Crown management remains an elusive issue both during the apartheid and post-apartheid eras. The author recommends a demilitarization of the police consistent with the South African government policy recommendation, found in the National Development Plan 2030.
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Leggett, Ted. "Performance Measures for the South African Police Service: Setting the Benchmarks for Service Delivery." Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa 49, no. 1 (2002): 55–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/trn.2003.0003.
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Pienaar, Jacobus, Sebastiaan Rothmann, and Fons J. R. van de Vijver. "Occupational Stress, Personality Traits, Coping Strategies, and Suicide Ideation in the South African Police Service." Criminal Justice and Behavior 34, no. 2 (February 2007): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854806288708.
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The objective of this study is to determine whether suicide ideation among uniformed police officers of the South African Police Service could be predicted on the basis of occupational stress, personality traits, and coping strategies. Using a cross-sectional survey design, the Adult Suicide Ideation Questionnaire, the Police Stress Inventory, the Personality Characteristics Inventory, and the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced are administered to a stratified random sample of 1,794 police employees from eight South African provinces. A logistic regression analysis shows that low scores on conscientiousness, emotional stability, approach coping, and turning to religion as well as high scores on avoidance coping are associated with more suicide ideation.
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Ivković, Sanja Kutnjak, and Adri Sauerman. "Police integrity in South Africa: a tale of three police agency types." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 39, no. 2 (May 16, 2016): 268–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-10-2015-0115.
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Purpose – Following the theory of police integrity, the purpose of this paper is to explore empirically the contours of police integrity in South Africa using survey of the three South African police agency types. Design/methodology/approach – During the period from 2010 to 2012, a police integrity survey was used to measure the contours of police integrity among 871 police officers across South Africa, covering all three police agency types. The questionnaire contains descriptions of 11 scenarios, covering different forms of police misconduct, followed by seven questions measuring officer views of scenario seriousness, the appropriate and expected discipline, and willingness to report the misconduct. Findings – The results show that the respondents from the three police agency types were about equally likely to recognize behaviors as rule-violating and, in most scenarios, evaluated these scenarios to be of the same level of seriousness. The contours of the code of silence were very similar as well. The authors found the largest and most systematic differences in the respondents’ perceptions of disciplinary environment, with the traffic respondents expecting harsher disciplinary environments than either the South African Police Service or metro police respondents. Research limitations/implications – Similar sample group sizes would have been preferred, although the current sample group proportions are certainly representative of a collective, agency size comparison. Practical implications – Although the respondents from the three police agency types expressed similar views of misconduct seriousness and their willingness to report, and were as likely to recognize these behaviors as rule-violating, their views depicted markedly different disciplinary environments. These results clearly support the critical importance of consistent enforcement of official rules. Originality/value – Whereas several integrity studies have explored the country’s national police service, empirical studies on the integrity of the other South African police agency types are non-existent.
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Bruce, David. "NEW BLOOD: Implications of en masse recruitment for the South African Police Service." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 43 (March 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2013/v0i43a823.
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This article is concerned with the process of en masse recruitment implemented within the South African Police Service since 2002. As a result of this process the personnel strength of the SAPS has increased dramatically from 120 549 in 2002 to 199 345 in 2012, an increase of over 65%. A large proportion of SAPS personnel are now people who have joined since 1994 and particularly since 2002. En masse recruitment has in part addressed the legacy of apartheid by promoting racial and gender representativeness in the SAPS. In so doing it has facilitated entry into the civil service by a significant number of black, and particularly African,South Africans, thus contributing to ‘class formation’. At the same time the process does not ensure political non-partisanship on the part of the SAPS. It also has not necessarily contributed to ‘better policing’ in South Africa. While it may have increased the potential that the SAPS will enjoy legitimacy, this cannot be achieved by recruitment alone.
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Bruce, David. "GOOD COPS? BAD COPS? Assessing the South African Police Service." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 21 (March 24, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2007/v0i21a1148.
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The South African Police Service is often a target of criticism, more often than not stemming from heightened public emotions regarding the high levels of crime in South Africa. Using the concept of democratic policing as its basis, a recent assessment attempts to evaluate the SAPS against a set of 39 measures. Providing an organisation-wide view of the SAPS, the assessment highlights both positive and negative aspects of the SAPS, and provides a detailed set of recommendations. The assessment is intended to support democratic oversight of the police by directing attention towards the main issues that should be addressed by oversight bodies.
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Maweni, Vuyelwa. "Solidarity, isolation, and cynicism: An attitudinal analysis of the police culture in the South African Police Service." Volume 43 Issue 1, Volume 43 Issue 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.35293/srsa.v43i1.390.
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Numerous scholars have contributed to the police culture body of knowledge (Cockcroft 2013; O’Neill, Marks & Singh 2007; Sklansky 2005). They submit that the traditional understanding of police culture is no longer relevant due to the new developments that have transpired in policing, which have consequently changed the police culture. More specifically, they suggest that the South African Police Service (SAPS) too has witnessed changes in the traits of its police culture that accentuate the cynicism of and isolation from the public. This article is an attempt to challenge this narrative by comparing the police culture themes of solidarity, isolation, and cynicism attitudes of two different cohorts of new South African Police Service (SAPS) recruits separated by ten years. By making use of the 30-item police culture themes of solidarity, isolation, and cynicism questionnaire, designed by Steyn (2005), the article establishes that a representative sample (138 out of a population of 140) of new SAPS recruits from the SAPS Chatsworth Basic Training Institute (August 2015), have remarkably similar attitudes in support of police culture themes of solidarity, isolation, and cynicism, compared to a representative sample of all new SAPS recruits that started their basic training in January 2005 (Steyn, 2005). Although small in representation, the study refutes the claims that traditional understandings of police culture are no longer relevant and that the traits of the police culture in the South African Police Service (SAPS) has so changed that it accentuates the cynicism of and isolation from the public.
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Pienaar, J., and S. Rothmann. "Occupational stress in the South African police service." SA Journal of Industrial Psychology 32, no. 3 (March 23, 2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v32i3.439.
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Policing has been described as a stressful occupation. The objectives of this study were to develop and validate a measure that could be used by the South African Police Service (SAPS) to identify the frequency and intensity of occupational stressors and to assess the differences between the stressors for race, rank and gender groups. A cross sectional survey design was used. Stratified random samples (N = 2145) were taken of police members of nine provinces in South Africa. The Police Stress Inventory was developed as a measuring instrument. Three internally consistent factors were extracted through principal component analysis with a direct oblimin rotation. These factors were labelled Job Demands, Lack of Support and Crime-related Stressors. The most important stressors identified were other officers not doing their job, inadequate or poor quality equipment, inadequate salaries, and seeing criminals go free. Analysis of variance showed differences in stressors for rank, race and gender groups.
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Bruce, David. "Measuring outputs, neglecting outcomes: The Auditor General’s role in SAPS performance assessments." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 38 (March 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2011/v0i38a852.
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Performance monitoring, often based on the use of performance indicators, has become a central aspect of the work of government departments in South Africa. Even though the South African Police Service (SAPS) is regarded as one of the leading government departments in the use of performance monitoring systems, it does not use performance information in a critical enough manner, particularly given the risk that the introduction of performance measures will lead to perverse incentives. Given that the SAPS is one of the largest police services in the world, the centralised reporting on organisational performance in the annual report is ineffective. It obscures much more than it reveals about what is being achieved by the organisation. Since 2005 the Auditor General of South Africa has been phasing in a ‘predetermined objectives’ audit that involves checking on the reliability of the performance information presented by the SAPS. Though he has limited capacity to do so, the AG also carries out what are called ‘performance audits’, that involve deeper and more focused scrutiny of the functioning of government departments. A 2008-09 performance audit on service delivery at police stations and 10111 call centres highlights the type of scrutiny that the SAPS needs to be subjected to if information on its performance is to become more meaningful.
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Steyn, Jean, and Sazelo Mkhize. "'Darker shades of blue': A comparison of three decades of South African Police Service culture." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 57 (September 26, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2016/v0n57a1241.
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Research and thought on the public police have emphasized the value of police culture in comprehending the various aspects of policing. Recently a ‘contemporary police culture’ school of thought has risen, challenging prevailing traditional portrayals of homogeneity and universality. Aficionadas of this method argue that new developments in police and policing have dramatically changed police culture and conventional characterisations do not reflect the complex minutiae of the police character, and as such are antiquated, illogical and useless. This manuscript is an attempt to contribute towards this debate by gauging indicators evincing police culture solidarity, isolation, and cynicism amongst a representative sample of South African Police Service (SAPS) functional police officials with ten (10), twenty (20), and thirty (30) years SAPS experience.
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Coetzee, Ben, and Noel Stott. "Giving substance to political will: The role of the SAPS in destroying firearms." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 25 (March 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2008/v0i25a950.
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The South African government has consistently stated that peace and security in the Southern African region and on the African continent must remain a top priority. This progressive attitude toward regional security is evident in South Africa's approach to the control of small arms and light weapons at a national, regional and international level. This article examines the firearm destruction policies and processes of the South African Police Service (SAPS). It analyses the positive effects and the negative outcomes of the decision to decentralise firearm destruction to provincial level.
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Storm, K., and S. Rothmann. "A psychometric analysis of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale in the South African police service." SA Journal of Industrial Psychology 29, no. 4 (October 24, 2003). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v29i4.129.
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The objectives of this research were to validate the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) for the South African Police Service (SAPS) and to determine its construct equivalence and bias in different race groups. A cross-sectional survey design was used. Stratified random samples (N = 2396) were taken of police members of nine provinces in South Africa. The UWES and a biographical questionnaire were administered. Structural equation modelling confirmed a 3-factor model of work engagement, consisting of Vigour, Dedication and Absorption. These three factors have acceptable internal consistencies. Exploratory factor analysis with target rotations showed equivalence of the three factors for different race groups in the SAPS. No evidence was found for uniform or non-uniform bias of the items of the UWES for different race groups. Opsomming Die doelstellings van hierdie navorsing was om die Utrecht- werksbegeesteringskaal (UWES) te valideer vir die Suid- Afrikaanse Polisiediens (SAPD) en die konstrukekwivalensie daarvan vir verskillende rassegroepe te bepaal. ’n Dwarssnee opname-ontwerp is gebruik. Gestratifiseerde ewekansige steekproewe (N = 2396) is van polisielede uit nege provinsies geneem. Die UWES en ’n biografiese vraelys is afgeneem. Strukturele vergelykingsmodellering het ’n 3-faktormodel, bestaande uit Energie, Toewyding en Absorpsie, aangetoon. Hierdie drie faktore het aanvaarbare interne konsekwentheid getoon. Eksploratiewe faktoranalise met teikenrotasies het konstrukekwivalensie vir die drie faktore vir verskillende rassegroepe in die SAPD getoon. Bewyse is nie gevind vir uniforme of nie-uniforme sydigheid van die items van die UWES vir verskillende rassegroepe nie.
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Faull, Andrew. "‘When I see them I feel like beating them’: Corruption and the South African Police Service." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 34 (March 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2010/v0i34a873.
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South African survey data on citizen attitudes towards police have, for the past ten years, indicated a lack of trust in law enforcers. Similarly, the SAPS has, since the early nineties, developed a public image as a widely corrupt organisation. In 2010 the SAPS reverted to military ranks and adopted a discourse of 'force' in an attempt to improve discipline, effectiveness and image. This paper presents a summary of findings from 15 focus groups conducted in mid-2010 that sought to explore public experiences and perceptions of police and police corruption.
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Faull, Andrew. "On the record: Interview with Phumeza Mlungwana, Social Justice Coalition." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 56 (June 28, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2016/v0i56a1289.
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In March this year a prominent South African grassroots organisation, the Social Justice Coalition (SJC), announced that it would be taking the South African Police Service (SAPS) to court. Andrew Faull spoke to the SJC’s General Secretary, Phumeza Mlungwana, about crime and policing in Khayelitsha, Cape Town.
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Faull, Andrew. "On the record: Interview with Phumeza Mlungwana, Social Justice Coalition." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 56 (June 28, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2016/v0n56a1289.
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In March this year a prominent South African grassroots organisation, the Social Justice Coalition (SJC), announced that it would be taking the South African Police Service (SAPS) to court. Andrew Faull spoke to the SJC’s General Secretary, Phumeza Mlungwana, about crime and policing in Khayelitsha, Cape Town.
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Gould, Chandré. "On the record: Sindiswa Chikunga, Chairperson of the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on Police." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 40 (March 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2012/v0i40a844.
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Chandré Gould interviews Sindisiwe (better known as Sindi) Chikunga, Chair of the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on Police, about the work of the Committee, and what she thinks is needed to fix the problems in the South African Police Service (SAPS).
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Rothmann, S., and G. Strijdom. "Suicide Ideation in the South African Police Services in the Northwest Province." SA Journal of Industrial Psychology 28, no. 1 (September 20, 2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v28i1.40.
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The South African Police Service (SAPS) shows relatively high numbers of suicide. However, little is known about the suicide ideation of members within the SAPS.The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between sense of coherence, job satisfaction and suicide ideation among police personnel. The study population consisted of 120 police personnel in the NorthWest Province. The results show that sense of coherence is related to suicide ideation in the case of white police members. Sense of coherence and satisfaction with independence, social status and supervision explained 55,30% of the variance in the suicide ideation scores of white police members. Opsomming ’n Relatiewe hoe getal selfmoorde kom in die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens (SAPD) voor. Min inligting oor die selfmoorddenk-beeldvorming van lede van die SAPD is egter bekend. Die doelstelling van hierdie navorsing was om te bepaal of daar ’n verband bestaan tussen koherensiesin en werkstevredenheid enersyds en selfmoorddenkbeeldvorming by polisiepersoneel andersyds. Die ondersoekgroep het bestaan 120 lede van die SAPD in die Noordwes-Provinsie. Die resultate toon aan dat koherensiesin by wit polisiebeamptes verband hou met selfmoorddenkbeeldvorming. Koherensiesin en ontevredenheid met onafhanklikheid, status en toesighouding het 55,30% variansie in die selfmoorddenkbeeldvorming van wit polisiepersoneel verklaar.