Relevant bibliographies by topics / South African Weather Service

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'South African Weather Service'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "South African Weather Service"

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de Coning, E., and E. R. Poolman. "South African Weather Service operational satellite based precipitation estimation technique: applications and improvements." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, no. 6 (November 12, 2010): 8837–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-8837-2010.

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Abstract. Extreme weather related to heavy or more frequent precipitation events seem to be a likely possibility for the future of our planet. While precipitation measurements can be done by means of rain gauges, the obvious disadvantages of point measurements are driving meteorologists towards remotely sensed precipitation methods. In South Africa more sophisticated and expensive nowcasting technology such as radar and lightning networks are available, supported by a fairly dense rain gauge network of about 1500 gauges. In the rest of southern Africa rainfall measurements are more difficult to obtain. The availability of the local version of the Unified Model and the Meteosat Second Generation satellite data make these products ideal components of precipitation measurement in data sparse regions such as Africa. In this article the local version of the Hydroestimator (originally from NOAA/NESDIS) is discussed as well as its applications for precipitation measurement in this region. Hourly accumulations of the Hydroestimator are currently used as a satellite based precipitation estimator for the South African Flash Flood Guidance system. However, the Hydroestimator is by no means a perfect representation of the real rainfall. In this study the Hydroestimator and the stratiform rainfall field from the Unified Model are both bias corrected and then combined into a new precipitation field which can feed into the South African Flash Flood Guidance system. This new product should provide a more accurate and comprehensive input to the Flash Flood Guidance systems in South Africa as well as southern Africa. In this way the southern African region where data is sparse and very few radars are available can have access to more accurate flash flood guidance.
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de Coning, E., and E. Poolman. "South African Weather Service operational satellite based precipitation estimation technique: applications and improvements." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 4 (April 6, 2011): 1131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1131-2011.

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Abstract. Extreme weather related to heavy or more frequent precipitation events seem to be a likely possibility for the future of our planet. While precipitation measurements can be done by means of rain gauges, the obvious disadvantages of point measurements are driving meteorologists towards remotely sensed precipitation methods. In South Africa more sophisticated and expensive nowcasting technology such as radar and lightning networks are available, supported by a fairly dense rain gauge network of about 1500 daily gauges. In the rest of southern Africa rainfall measurements are more difficult to obtain. The local version of the Unified Model and the Meteosat Second Generation satellite data are ideal components of precipitation estimation in data sparse regions such as Africa. In South Africa hourly accumulations of the Hydroestimator (originally from NOAA/NESDIS) are currently used as a satellite based precipitation estimator for the South African Flash Flood Guidance system, especially in regions which are not covered by radar. In this study the Hydroestimator and the stratiform rainfall field from the Unified Model are both bias corrected and then combined into a new precipitation field. The new product was tested over a two year period and provides a more accurate and comprehensive input to the Flash Flood Guidance systems in the data sparse southern Africa. Future work will include updating the period over which bias corrections were calculated.
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Muofhe, Tshimbiluni Percy, Hector Chikoore, Mary-Jane Morongwa Bopape, Nthaduleni Samuel Nethengwe, Thando Ndarana, and Gift Tshifhiwa Rambuwani. "Forecasting Intense Cut-Off Lows in South Africa Using the 4.4 km Unified Model." Climate 8, no. 11 (November 7, 2020): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8110129.

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Mid-tropospheric cut-off low (COL) pressure systems are linked to severe weather, heavy rainfall and extreme cold conditions over South Africa. They occur during all the above and often result in floods and snowfalls during the winter months, disrupting economic activities and causing extensive damage to infrastructure. This paper examines the evolution and circulation patterns associated with cases of severe COLs over South Africa. We evaluate the performance of the 4.4 km Unified Model (UM) which is currently used operationally by the South African Weather Service (SAWS) to simulate daily rainfall. Circulation variables and precipitation simulated by the UM were compared against European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast’s (ECMWF’s) ERA Interim re-analyses and GPM precipitation at 24-hour timesteps. We present five recent severe COLs, which occurred between 2016 and 2019, that had high impact and found a higher model skill when simulating heavy precipitation during the initial stages than the dissipating stages of the systems. A key finding was that the UM simulated the precipitation differently during the different stages of development and location of the systems. This is mainly due to inaccurate placing of COL centers. Understanding the performance and limitations of the UM model in simulating COL characteristics can benefit severe weather forecasting and contribute to disaster risk reduction in South Africa.
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Ntsangwane, Lucky, Brighton Mabasa, Venkataraman Sivakumar, Nosipho Zwane, Katlego Ncongwane, and Joel Botai. "Quality control of solar radiation data within the South African Weather Service solar radiometric network." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 30, no. 4 (December 5, 2019): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2019/v30i4a5586.

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This study reports on the performance results of the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) quality control procedures applied to the solar radiation data, from September 2013 to December 2017, within the South African Weather Service radiometric network. The overall percentage performance of the SAWS solar radiation network based on BSRN quality control methodology was 97.79%, 93.64%, 91.60% and 92.23% for long wave downward irradiance (LWD), global horizontal irradiance (GHI), diffuse horizontal irradiance (DHI) and direct normal irradiance (DNI), respectively, with operational problems largely dominating the percentage of bad data. The overall average performance of the surface solar radiation dataset – Heliosat data records for the GHI estimation for all stations showed a mean bias deviation of 8.28 Wm-2, a mean absolute deviation of 9.06 Wm-2 and the root mean square deviation of 11.02 Wm-2. The correlation, quantified by the square of correlation coefficient (R2), between ground-based and Heliosat-derived GHI time series was ~0.98. The established network has the potential to provide high quality minute solar radiation data sets (GHI, DHI, DNI and LWD) and auxiliary hourly meteorological parameters vital for scientific and practical applications in renewable energy technologies.
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Tonder, S. Van, and J. H. Van Rooyen. "An explanatory model of South African yellow maize futures prices." Corporate Ownership and Control 9, no. 3 (2012): 204–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv9i3c1art5.

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This study attempts to identify the important variables that may affect yellow maize futures prices in the South African derivatives market. Data was obtained from the South African Futures Exchange, a division of the Johannesburg Securities Exchange. Weekly data on the rand-dollar exchange rates were obtained from the South African Reserve Bank (SARB). Monthly data regarding import volumes, export volumes, maize consumption and maize stocks in South Africa are available from South African Grain Information Service (SAGIS). Fifteen variables that may be used to forecast futures prices were identified from theory and similar studies. A correlation matrix of these variables with maize futures prices was determined at the 5% significance level. After applying various statistical analyses to test for autocorrelations, stationarity etc., only four variables were left with which to model the futures prices. The R2 of the remaining variables was only 12.21%, indicating a low goodness of fit. Applying the regression model to the ex-post prices clearly indicated that these variables that were identified do not adequately explain the movement in the futures prices. The primary reasons for the low accuracy of the model may be due to the use of the weather index for SA alone (a small contributor in a global market) and the linearity assumption underlying the selected dependant and independent variables may also be unrealistic. Further research is therefore needed to identify more appropriate variables with which to model yellow maize futures prices.
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Rautenbach, Christo, Michael A. Barnes, David W. Wang, and James Dykes. "Southern African Wave Model Sensitivities and Accuracies." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 10 (October 1, 2020): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100773.

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Numerous studies have identified the complexities of the wave climatology around the South African coast, but limited studies have investigated these complex dynamics in the available literature. Several freely available parameterized wave boundary conditions are produced around southern Africa. However, none of these are fully spectral outputs from global or larger regional spectral wave models. This constraint results in local engineering and scientific organizations, reconstructing their own spectral boundary conditions. For coastal models, this is a reasonable assumption, assuming that the single parameterization is accurate and a representation of a non-multimodal sea state. The South African Weather Service (SAWS) Marine unit recently launched their coupled, operational wave and storm surge forecasting model. The aim of the SAWS Wave and Storm Surge (SWaSS) platform was to provide accurate, high-resolution coastal forecasts for the entire South African coastline. The present investigation thus presents the validation of the spectral wave component of the coupled system, developed in Delft3D. Various wave boundary reconstructions are investigated together with the two most used and well-known whitecapping formulations. Validation is performed with both in situ wave-rider buoy data (at nine locations along the coastline) and regional remotely sensed, along track, altimetry data. Full model performance statistics are provided, and the accuracy of the model is discussed.
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Kaspar, F., J. Helmschrot, A. Mhanda, M. Butale, W. de Clercq, J. K. Kanyanga, F. O. S. Neto, et al. "The SASSCAL contribution to climate observation, climate data management and data rescue in Southern Africa." Advances in Science and Research 12, no. 1 (July 24, 2015): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-12-171-2015.

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Abstract. A major task of the newly established "Southern African Science Service Centre for Climate Change and Adaptive Land Management" (SASSCAL; www.sasscal.org) and its partners is to provide science-based environmental information and knowledge which includes the provision of consistent and reliable climate data for Southern Africa. Hence, SASSCAL, in close cooperation with the national weather authorities of Angola, Botswana, Germany and Zambia as well as partner institutions in Namibia and South Africa, supports the extension of the regional meteorological observation network and the improvement of the climate archives at national level. With the ongoing rehabilitation of existing weather stations and the new installation of fully automated weather stations (AWS), altogether 105 AWS currently provide a set of climate variables at 15, 30 and 60 min intervals respectively. These records are made available through the SASSCAL WeatherNet, an online platform providing near-real time data as well as various statistics and graphics, all in open access. This effort is complemented by the harmonization and improvement of climate data management concepts at the national weather authorities, capacity building activities and an extension of the data bases with historical climate data which are still available from different sources. These activities are performed through cooperation between regional and German institutions and will provide important information for climate service related activities.
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Singh, Jyotsna, and Andries Kruger. "Is the summer season losing potential for solar energy applications in South Africa?" Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 28, no. 2 (June 23, 2017): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2017/v28i2a1673.

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Seasonal trends using in situ sunshine duration (SD) and satellite, incoming shortwave solar radiation (SIS) data for South Africa over a period up to six decades were investigated. Trend analysis was applied to SD data of 22 sunshine-recording stations from the South African Weather Service that cover the length and breadth of South Africa. Satellite application facility on climate monitoring provided the high-resolution derived SIS for the period 1983–2013. A number of stations show a statistically significant decreasing trend in SD in all four seasons on a seasonal scale. Declines (number of stations showing significant trend) in SD at 17(7), 8(3), 7(3) and 3(0) stations, were observed for summer, autumn, winter and spring, respectively. The SIS has also shown a decreasing trend over South Africa in most of the regions during the summer season followed by autumn. The results indicated a general tendency of decrease in incoming solar radiation mostly during summer which could be of some concern for solar energy applications.
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Mabasa, Brighton, Meena D. Lysko, Henerica Tazvinga, Sophie T. Mulaudzi, Nosipho Zwane, and Sabata J. Moloi. "The Ångström–Prescott Regression Coefficients for Six Climatic Zones in South Africa." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 16, 2020): 5418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205418.

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The South African Weather Service (SAWS) manages an in situ solar irradiance radiometric network of 13 stations and a very dense sunshine recording network, located in all six macroclimate zones of South Africa. A sparsely distributed radiometric network over a landscape with dynamic climate and weather shifts is inadequate for solar energy studies and applications. Therefore, there is a need to develop mathematical models to estimate solar irradiation for a multitude of diverse climates. In this study, the annual regression coefficients, a and b, of the Ångström–Prescott (AP) model, which can be used to estimate global horizontal irradiance (GHI) from observed sunshine hours, were calibrated and validated with observed station data. The AP regression coefficients were calibrated and validated for each of the six macroclimate zones of South Africa using the observation data that span 2013 to 2019. The predictive effectiveness of the calibrated AP model coefficients was evaluated by comparing estimated and observed daily GHI. The maximum annual relative Mean Bias Error (rMBE) was 0.371%, relative Mean Absolute Error (rMAE) was 0.745%, relative Root Mean Square Error (rRMSE) was 0.910%, and the worst-case correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.910. The statistical validation metrics results show that there is a strong correlation and linear relation between observed and estimated GHI values. The AP model coefficients calculated in this study can be used with quantitative confidence in estimating daily GHI data at locations in South Africa where daily observation sunshine duration data are available.
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Blamey, R. C., A. M. Ramos, R. M. Trigo, R. Tomé, and C. J. C. Reason. "The Influence of Atmospheric Rivers over the South Atlantic on Winter Rainfall in South Africa." Journal of Hydrometeorology 19, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-17-0111.1.

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Abstract A climatology of atmospheric rivers (ARs) impinging on the west coast of South Africa (29°–34.5°S) during the austral winter months (April–September) was developed for the period 1979–2014 using an automated detection algorithm and two reanalysis products as input. The two products show relatively good agreement, with 10–15 persistent ARs (lasting 18 h or longer) occurring on average per winter and nearly two-thirds of these systems occurring poleward of 35°S. The relationship between persistent AR activity and winter rainfall is demonstrated using South African Weather Service rainfall data. Most stations positioned in areas of high topography contained the highest percentage of rainfall contributed by persistent ARs, whereas stations downwind, to the east of the major topographic barriers, had the lowest contributions. Extreme rainfall days in the region are also ranked by their magnitude and spatial extent. The results suggest that although persistent ARs are important contributors to heavy rainfall events, they are not necessarily a prerequisite. It is found that around 70% of the top 50 daily winter rainfall extremes in South Africa were in some way linked to ARs (both persistent and nonpersistent). Overall, the findings of this study support similar investigations on ARs in the North Atlantic and North Pacific.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "South African Weather Service"

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Moatshe, Peggy Seanokeng. "Verification of South African Weather Service operational seasonal forecasts." Pretoria: [S.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08112009-131703.

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Moatshe, Peggy Seanokeng. "Verification of South African Weather Service operational seasonal forecasts." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27145.

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The South African Weather Service rainfall seasonal forecasts are verified for the period of January-February-March to October-November-December 1998-2004. These forecasts are compiled using different models from different institutions. Probability seasonal forecasts can be evaluated using different skill measures, but in this study the Ranked Probability Skill Score (RPSS), Reliability Diagram (RD) and Relative Operating Characteristics (ROC) are used. The RPSS is presented in the form of maps whereas the RD and ROC are analyses are presented in the form of graphs. The aim of the study is to present skill estimates of operational seasonal forecasts issued at South African Weather Service A limited number of forecasts show positive RPSS value throughout the validation period. From RD and ROC analysis, there is no skill in predicting the normal category as compared to below-normal and above-normal categories. Notwithstanding, the frequency diagrams show that the normal category was often given a large weight in the operational forecasts. The value of verifying seasonal forecast accuracy from the user’s perspective is important. The understanding of seasonal forecast performance helps decision makers to determine when and how to respond to expected climate anomalies. Therefore the frequent update of the seasonal forecast verification is important in order to help Users make better decisions. Copyright
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorology
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Esterhuyse, Daniel Johannes. "Establishment of the South African baseline surface radiation network station at De Aar." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01182005-115035.

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Nel, Werner. "On the climate of the Drakensberg rainfall and surface-temperature attributes, and associated geomorphic effects /." Thesis, Pretoria : [S.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01252008-164156/.

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Dreyer, Andries. "Weather derivatives in the South African agriculture sector." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53219.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study reviews the development and current status of the weather derivative market in the world. As technology has improved, man's potential to model the unpredictable has come to the fore. Changes in the macro economic environment have prompted business to diversify. Deregulation in the American energy market and the advent of weather phenomenon like EI Nino and La Nina enticed large business to hedge their risk exposure in a different way than traditional diversification. Risk for the agriculture sector can be divided into three categories: Price risk, event risk and yield risk. Price risk has been managed by the incorporation of options and futures in the marketing of produce and acquiring of requisites. In conclusion the research finds that the SA market has the potential to grow faster than its American and European counterparts partly because techniques developed can be "leap frogged", but mostly because the SA environment induces smaller contracts that will lead to more market participants and eventually to higher liquidity.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie bespreek die ontwikkeling en huidige stand van die Weer afgeleide instrumente mark in die wêreld. Soos tegnology verbeter het, het die mens se vermoeë om die onsekere te voorspel na vore getree. Veranderings in die makro ekonomiese omgewing het besighede genoodsaak om te diversifiseer. Deregulasie van die Amerikaanse energy mark en weerverskynsels soos EI Nino en La Nina het groot besighede verplig om risiko te verskans deur middel van 'n ander metode as tradisionele diversifikasie. Risiko in die landbou sektor kan verdeel word in drie kategorie; prys risiko, gebeurtenis risiko en laastens opbrengs risiko. In die verlede is prys risiko bestuur deur die insluiting van afgeleide opsies in die bemarkingsaksie van kommoditeite. Gebeurtenis risiko is beheer deur oes versekering en die laaste word deesdae deur weer afgeleide instrumente bestuur. In samevatting bevind die navorsing dat die Suid Afrikaanse mark die potensiaal bevat om vinnig te groei. Deels omdat tegnieke wat ontwikkel is gebruik kan word en deels omdat die Suid Afrikaanse omgewing kleiner kontrakte, dog meer deelnemers in die mark stimuleer.
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Keuthen, Jens Christian. "The South African Prosecution Service: Linchpin of the South African Criminal Justice System." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4447.

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The prosecution service is a key role player in the criminal justice system. Its effectiveness and efficiency directly reflect on the performance and service of the whole criminal justice system. The South African prosecution service in its current shape is relatively young. Constitutional and legislative provisions supplemented by various policy papers have established a framework that in principle allows for an effective and efficient function of the prosecution service in the South African criminal justice system. However, the actual performance of the prosecution service is insufficient, as this thesis suggests. Reasons for the current underperformance can be identified and are strongly linked to the transitional development of the South African prosecution service. In order to increase the performance of the prosecution service and the service of the criminal justice system this thesis explores the challenges facing the prosecution service and that have to be addressed immediately.
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White, Sarah April. "The influence of the Agulhas Current on two South African extreme weather events." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19150.

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Surface station, satellite and NCEP re-analysis data are used to examine the evolution of two severe storms that occurred over the eastern coastal regions during South Africa's summer season 1998/99. The storms in November and December were both accompanied by heavy rainfall in two widely separated locations. The storm in December proved to be more severe as it resulted in flooding while tornadoes were reported in the Umtata and Hogsback regions of the Eastern Cape. Both storms appeared to result from interaction between a continental heat low, advection of warm moist air around an anticyclone in the South-west Indian Ocean and an approaching midlevel westerly trough. NCEP derived moisture flux diagrams and back trajectories of air parcels constructed from ECMWF data suggest that the Agulhas Current region was a major source of low level moisture for both storms. TRMM satellite imagery captured heavy rainfall above the high sea surface temperatures of the Agulhas Current. TRMM measurements of rainfall and latent heat in the atmosphere show that the high sea surface temperatures of the Agulhas Current modified the mesoscale environment above the current. To what extent the mesoscale environment above the Agulhas Current modified the synoptic situations over land could be answered using regional modeling and more frequent radiosonde data.
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Zethu, Nolitha Happiness Thando. "Investigating retention in the South African Police Service." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31333.

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Background In order for the South African Police Service to fulfil its mandate of creating a safe and secure environment, various human, financial, and technological resources are required. Hence, the availability of adequately trained human resources is considered critical in ensuring that the South African Police Service is able to fulfil its roles and responsibilities. Without the efforts, knowledge, capabilities, and committed behaviour of its police officers, the organisation would not be able to achieve its objectives and deliver on its mandated duties. However, recent data published by the South African Police Service revealed an increase in employee turnover, particularly at senior levels within the organisation and among highly skilled/specialist staff. Due to the stringent requirements of law-enforcement positions, the recruitment and selection of police officers is a lengthy, costly and often complex process. This is even more applicable to those in senior and highly skilled and/or specialist positions. It is, therefore, of paramount importance that an effective retention strategy is put in place to curb voluntary employee turnover and thus ensure the retention of scarce skills within the police force. Aim of the Study Being able to retain and engage police officers, a scarce resource, is vital for the South African Police Service in ensuring that it is able to fulfil its legislated mandate. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify the push and pull factors and/or the reasons that are most commonly related to voluntary turnover among the employees of the organisation. Identification of these factors would make it possible to present recommendations and/or to propose strategies, policies and practices that could be implemented to increase the retention of skilled senior staff. Method A descriptive research design was utilised. To address the research question, copies of archived exit-interview questionnaires were obtained from the South African Police Service. When an employee tenders his/her resignation, an exit interview is conducted by a trained interviewer (typically a social worker, psychologist or chaplain). During this meeting, an exit-interview questionnaire is completed and archived. This questionnaire consists of both closed-ended and open-ended semi-structured questions. A sample of exit-interview questionnaires (n=91) that comprised questionnaires from employees who held the rank of Sergeant, Warrant Officer or Captain and who had voluntarily resigned from the Western Cape South African Police Service during the 2016/17 fiscal year was obtained. Both qualitative and quantitative data obtained from the exit-interview questionnaires were analysed. Findings The findings suggested that overall, the South African Police Service was considered a good employer. The most prevalent reason for employee turnover was found to be related to the perceived safety of individuals and the risk to employees’ lives in carrying out their duties. The reasons given for resigning from the organisation were divided into two categories, namely individual factors (i.e., related to the person) and organisational factors (i.e., related to the organisation). Individual factor variables provided by respondents as reasons to leave included health, relocation, further studies, family time, rest, long service, and age. Organisational factors included better career opportunities; business opportunities; unfair treatment; lack of recognition, promotion or advancement opportunities; undesirable working hours; and issues with leadership/management. Recommendations Based on the findings, it is recommended that an effective retention strategy is implemented within the South African Police Service that includes career development, health and wellness, reward and recognition, work-life balance, and leadership. This recommended retention strategy should value transparency and empowerment and should aim to create a workplace that is conducive to good working conditions through enhancing team cohesion; creating opportunities for learning; and improving service delivery, the quality of work life, and work-life balance.
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Brettenny, Warren James. "Efficiency evaluation of South African water service provision." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14741.

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In recent years South Africa has experienced numerous service delivery protests. These protests are a result of the lack of delivery of basic services such as water and sanitation (amongst others). To address this, local governments have taken part in benchmarking initiatives (National Benchmarking Initiative, Municipal Benchmarking Initiative) and regulation programmes (BlueDrop,GreenDrop) in an effort to improve the quality of potable water and sanitation services. The latter of these focuses on the quality of the water services delivered and neither focus on the efficiency with which this delivery is achieved. This study uses both nonparametric (data envelopment analysis) aswell as parametric (stochastic frontier) methods to assess the efficiency of water service provision in South Africa over a six year period from 2005 to 2010. Subsequently, the method which is most suited for use in the South African context is proposed. In addition, this study demonstrates how these methods can be used to determine the effectiveness of benchmarking initiatives, namely the National Benchmarking Initiative, in improving the efficiency of water service provision. Furthermore, additional insight into the selection ofm in them out of n bootstrap procedure for efficiency evaluations is established through a simulation study. The inclusion of efficiency evaluations into South African benchmarking initiatives provides new and important insight into the standard of water service delivery. As such, the techniques used in this study illustrate how efficiency analysis can enhance benchmarking initiatives in South Africa.
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Holemans, Amelia Nadine. "Applying a credit default swap valuation approach to price South African weather derivatives / Amelia Nadine Holemans." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4456.

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Most farmers in South Africa use standard insurance to protect their crops against natural disasters such as hail or strong winds. However, no South African insurance contracts exist to compensate for too much or too little rain (although floods are covered), or which will pay out if temperatures were too high or too low for a certain period of time for the relevant crop. Weather derivatives - which farmers may employ to ensure crops against adverse temperatures - do exist, but these are mostly available in foreign markets in the form of Heating Degree Days contracts and Cooling Degree Day contracts and are used chiefly by energy companies. Some South African over-the-counter weather derivatives are available, but trading in these is rare and seldom used. The goal of this dissertation is to establish a pricing equation for weather derivatives specifically for use in the South African market. This equation will be derived using a similar methodology to that employed for credit default swaps. The premium derived will be designed to compensate grape farmers from losses arising from two different climatic outcomes - in this case temperature and precipitation. These derivatives will be region and crop specific and the formulation will be sufficiently flexible as to allow for further climatic possibilities (which may be added at a later stage). These weather derivative premiums will then be compared to standard crop insurance to establish economic viability of the products and recommendations will be made regarding their usage. The possibility of the simultaneous use of these derivatives and standard crop insurance for optimal crop coverage will also be explored and discussed.
Thesis (M.Com. (Risk management))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Books on the topic "South African Weather Service"

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Monick, S. Awards of the South African uniformed public services, 1922-1987: The South African Police, South African Railways Police, South African Prisons Service. Johannesburg: South African National Museum of Military History, 1988.

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Evaluation, South Africa Public Service Commission Branch: Monitoring and. Consolidated report on inspections of service delivery sites: South African Police Service. Pretoria, South Africa: Public Service Commision, 2009.

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Lawyers for the People: The South African prosecution service. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2001.

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L'Ange, Gerald. Urgent imperial service: South African forces in German South West Africa, 1914-1915. Rivonia: Ashanti Pub., 1991.

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South African Police Service. Component: Strategic Management. Strategic plan for the South African Police Service, 2005-2010. [Pretoria: South African Police Service, 2005.

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South Africa. Public Service Commission. Report on disability equity in the South African public service. Pretoria: Public Service Commission, 2002.

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Becker, Dave. AT-6 Harvard in South African service: A pictorial history. Nelspruit, S.A: Free World Publications CC, 1995.

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McGregor, G. D. L. Medals of the South West African Prisons Service, 1981-1990. Windhoek, Namibia: G.D.L. McGregor, 2006.

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McGregor, G. D. L. Medals of the South West African Prisons Service, 1981-1990. Windhoek, Namibia: G.D.L. McGregor, 2006.

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South African Police Service. Component: Strategic Management. Strategic plan for the South African Police Service, 2005-2010. [Pretoria: South African Police Service, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "South African Weather Service"

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Matandirotya, Newton R., Dirk P. Cilliers, Roelof P. Burger, Christian Pauw, and Stuart J. Piketh. "Risks of Indoor Overheating in Low-Cost Dwellings on the South African Lowveld." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1583–600. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_123.

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AbstractThe South African Lowveld is a region of land that lies between 150 and 2000 m above sea level. In summer the region is characterized by the maximum mean daily ambient temperature of 32 °C. The purpose of the study was to characterize indoor thermal environments in low-cost residential dwellings during summer seasons as climate is changing. Indoor and ambient air temperature measurements were performed at a 30-min temporal resolution using Thermochron iButtons in the settlement of Agincourt. 58 free running low-cost residential dwellings were sampled over the summer seasons of 2016 and 2017. Complementary ambient air temperature data were sourced from the South African Weather Service (SAWS). Data were transformed into hourly means for further analysis. It was found that hourly maximum mean indoor temperatures ranged between 27 °C (daytime) and 23 °C (nighttime) for both living rooms and bedrooms in summer 2016 while in 2017, maximum mean indoor temperatures ranged between 29 °C (daytime) and 26 °C (nighttime) in living rooms and bedrooms. Pearson correlations showed a positive association between indoor and ambient temperatures ranging between r = 0.40 (daytime) and r = 0.90 (nighttime). The association is weak to moderate during daytime because occupants apply other ventilation practices that reduce the relationship between indoor and ambient temperatures. The close association between nighttime ambient and indoor temperature can also be attributed to the effect of urban heat island as nighttime ambient temperature remain elevated; thus, influencing indoor temperatures also remain high. These findings highlight the potential threat posed by a rise in temperatures for low-cost residential dwellings occupants due to climate change. Furthermore, the high level of sensitiveness of dwellings to ambient temperature changes also indicates housing envelopes that have poor thermal resistance to withstand the Lowveld region’s harsh extreme heat conditions, especially during summer. The study findings suggest that a potential risk of indoor overheating exists in low-cost dwellings on the South African Lowveld as the frequency and intensity of heat waves rise. There is therefore a need to develop immediate housing adaptation interventions that mitigate against the projected ambient temperature rise for example through thermal insulation retrofits on the existing housing stock and passive housing designs for new housing stock.
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Musisinyani, Nyiko Cecil, Jacomine Grobler, and Mardé Helbig. "Weather Downtime Prediction in a South African Port Environment." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 241–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63799-6_19.

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milton, viola c. "South Africa: Funding the South African Broadcasting Corporation." In Transparency and Funding of Public Service Media – Die deutsche Debatte im internationalen Kontext, 181–202. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17997-7_15.

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Lennard, Christopher. "Multi-Scale Drivers of the South African Weather and Climate." In World Regional Geography Book Series, 81–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94974-1_9.

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Perkins, Gráinne, Simon Howell, and Clifford Shearing. "The spectre of trauma in the South African police service." In Policing and Mental Health, 286–99. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge frontiers of criminal justice: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429470882-19.

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Mujinga, Mathias. "Online Banking Service Quality: A South African E-S-QUAL Analysis." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 228–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44999-5_19.

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Thron, Chris, John Salerno, Adam Kwiat, Philip Dexter, and Jason Smith. "Modeling South African Service Protests Using the National Operational Environment Model." In Social Computing, Behavioral - Cultural Modeling and Prediction, 298–305. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29047-3_36.

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Mtawa, Ntimi Nikusuma. "Community Engagement and Service-Learning in African and South African Higher Education: A Question of Relevance—A Historical and Current Sketch." In Human Development and Community Engagement through Service-Learning, 55–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34728-4_2.

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Fletcher, Mélani, and André Schreuder. "Avoiding this Century’s Service Quality Mistakes in the Next Millenium: A South African Perspective." In Global Perspectives in Marketing for the 21st Century, 191–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17356-6_60.

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Makalela, Leketi. "Teaching African Languages the Ubuntu Way: The Effects of Translanguaging Among Pre-Service Teachers in South Africa." In The Multilingual Edge of Education, 261–82. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-54856-6_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "South African Weather Service"

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Adam, R., and L. F. Seymour. "Mobile news service adoption." In the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3129422.

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Mukono, Wilton, and Temitope O. Tokosi. "Premier Service Medical Investments." In the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists 2019. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3351108.3351114.

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Chindenga, Edmore, Mfundo S. Scott, and Caroline Gurajena. "Semantics based service orchestration in IoT." In the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3129416.3129438.

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Sondlo, Aviwe, and Umesh Ramnarain. "EXPLORING THE SOUTH AFRICAN PHYSICAL SCIENCES PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS PEDAGOGICAL ORIENTATIONS." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2019v2end078.

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Mujinga, Mathias. "SERVPERF Analysis of Retail Banking Service Performance: A South African Study." In 2019 International Multidisciplinary Information Technology and Engineering Conference (IMITEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imitec45504.2019.9015891.

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Masuabi, Francis M., and Louwrence D. Erasmus. "Social media service innovation in South African retail banking: A case study." In 2016 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/picmet.2016.7806555.

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Beets, Simone, and Janet Wesson. "Using information visualization to support web service discovery." In the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2072221.2072224.

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Sewchurran, Eureka, and Irwin Brown. "Successful ICT service delivery: enablers, inhibitors and hygiene factors." In the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2072221.2072244.

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Mxoli,, Avuya. "A Modernization of the South African Licensing Department’s Processes to Improve Service Delivery." In The 19th European Conference on Digital Government. ACPI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ecdg.19.021.

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Chigona, Agnes, and Wallace Chigona. "South African pre-service teachers' under-preparedness to teach with Information Communication Technologies." In 2013 Second International Conference on e-Learning and e-Technologies in Education (ICEEE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icelete.2013.6644381.

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Reports on the topic "South African Weather Service"

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Homan, Rick, and Catherine Searle. Programmatic implications of a cost study of home-based care programs in South Africa. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv14.1001.

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The HIV/AIDS epidemic has meant that an increasing number of chronically ill people need ongoing assistance with care and support. Programs providing home-based care (HBC) services are a key component of the response to HIV/AIDS. However, few programs are using operations research, including cost studies, to decide what services to provide and how to structure their services. In 2004, the Horizons Program undertook a study of six HBC programs from different South African provinces to provide key information to NGOs, government ministries, donors, and the programs themselves to inform decisions about service delivery. The study analyzed the cost of HBC services, the best use of resources, and how well programs are able to meet the needs of beneficiaries and their families. The sample represents programs that operate in rural areas and informal settlements. This brief focuses on the coverage, organization, volume, and costs of the services and on findings from two of the methods of data collection: financial records and service statistics, and interviews with financial officers, program managers, and caregivers.
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