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Journal articles on the topic 'South African Weather Service (SAWS)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Rautenbach, Christo, Michael A. Barnes, David W. Wang, and James Dykes. "Southern African Wave Model Sensitivities and Accuracies." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 10 (2020): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100773.

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Numerous studies have identified the complexities of the wave climatology around the South African coast, but limited studies have investigated these complex dynamics in the available literature. Several freely available parameterized wave boundary conditions are produced around southern Africa. However, none of these are fully spectral outputs from global or larger regional spectral wave models. This constraint results in local engineering and scientific organizations, reconstructing their own spectral boundary conditions. For coastal models, this is a reasonable assumption, assuming that the

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Stein, T. H. M., W. Keat, R. I. Maidment, et al. "An Evaluation of Clouds and Precipitation in Convection-Permitting Forecasts for South Africa." Weather and Forecasting 34, no. 1 (2019): 233–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-18-0080.1.

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Abstract Since 2016, the South African Weather Service (SAWS) has been running convective-scale simulations to assist with forecast operations across southern Africa. These simulations are run with a tropical configuration of the Met Office Unified Model (UM), nested in the Met Office global model, but without data assimilation. For November 2016, convection-permitting simulations at 4.4- and 1.5-km grid lengths are compared against a simulation at 10-km grid length with convection parameterization (the current UM global atmosphere configuration) to identify the benefits of increasing model re

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Ciolkosz, Daniel. "SASRAD: An hourly-timestep solar radiation database for South Africa." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 20, no. 1 (2009): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2009/v20i1a3299.

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A methodology is presented for the correction and filling of solar radiation data at sites within South Africa, with the aim of creating a continuous, hourly-timestep dataset for multiple locations. Data from twenty sites, collected by the Agricultural Research Council, are analysed with regard to the amount of data requiring offset or multiplier adjustment, as well as the amount of bad data. A range correction algorithm is implemented based on the 90th percentile (10% exceedance) hourly irradiance, as a function of site latitude and elevation. The resulting, corrected data set is given the ti

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Muofhe, Tshimbiluni Percy, Hector Chikoore, Mary-Jane Morongwa Bopape, Nthaduleni Samuel Nethengwe, Thando Ndarana, and Gift Tshifhiwa Rambuwani. "Forecasting Intense Cut-Off Lows in South Africa Using the 4.4 km Unified Model." Climate 8, no. 11 (2020): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli8110129.

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Mid-tropospheric cut-off low (COL) pressure systems are linked to severe weather, heavy rainfall and extreme cold conditions over South Africa. They occur during all the above and often result in floods and snowfalls during the winter months, disrupting economic activities and causing extensive damage to infrastructure. This paper examines the evolution and circulation patterns associated with cases of severe COLs over South Africa. We evaluate the performance of the 4.4 km Unified Model (UM) which is currently used operationally by the South African Weather Service (SAWS) to simulate daily ra

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Ntsangwane, Lucky, Brighton Mabasa, Venkataraman Sivakumar, Nosipho Zwane, Katlego Ncongwane, and Joel Botai. "Quality control of solar radiation data within the South African Weather Service solar radiometric network." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 30, no. 4 (2019): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2019/v30i4a5586.

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This study reports on the performance results of the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) quality control procedures applied to the solar radiation data, from September 2013 to December 2017, within the South African Weather Service radiometric network. The overall percentage performance of the SAWS solar radiation network based on BSRN quality control methodology was 97.79%, 93.64%, 91.60% and 92.23% for long wave downward irradiance (LWD), global horizontal irradiance (GHI), diffuse horizontal irradiance (DHI) and direct normal irradiance (DNI), respectively, with operational problems l

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Sinclair, S., and G. G. S. Pegram. "A comparison of ASCAT and modelled soil moisture over South Africa, using TOPKAPI in land surface mode." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 4 (2010): 613–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-613-2010.

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Abstract. In this paper we compare two independent soil moisture estimates over South Africa. The first estimate is a Soil Saturation Index (SSI) provided by automated real-time computations of the TOPKAPI hydrological model, adapted to run as a collection of independent 1 km cells with centres on a grid with a spatial resolution of 0.125°, at 3 h intervals. The second set of estimates is the remotely sensed ASCAT Surface Soil Moisture product, temporally filtered to yield a Soil Wetness Index (SWI). For the TOPKAPI cells, the rainfall forcing used is the TRMM 3B42RT product, while the evapotr

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Korhonen, K., E. Giannakaki, T. Mielonen, et al. "Atmospheric boundary layer top height in South Africa: measurements with lidar and radiosonde compared to three atmospheric models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 8 (2014): 4263–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-4263-2014.

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Abstract. Atmospheric lidar measurements were carried out at Elandsfontein measurement station, on the eastern Highveld approximately 150 km east of Johannesburg in South Africa throughout 2010. The height of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) top was continuously measured using a Raman lidar, PollyXT (POrtabLe Lidar sYstem eXTended). High atmospheric variability together with a large surface temperature range and significant seasonal changes in precipitation were observed, which had an impact on the vertical mixing of particulate matter, and hence, on the PBL evolution. The results were compa

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Mabasa, Brighton, Meena D. Lysko, Henerica Tazvinga, Sophie T. Mulaudzi, Nosipho Zwane, and Sabata J. Moloi. "The Ångström–Prescott Regression Coefficients for Six Climatic Zones in South Africa." Energies 13, no. 20 (2020): 5418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205418.

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The South African Weather Service (SAWS) manages an in situ solar irradiance radiometric network of 13 stations and a very dense sunshine recording network, located in all six macroclimate zones of South Africa. A sparsely distributed radiometric network over a landscape with dynamic climate and weather shifts is inadequate for solar energy studies and applications. Therefore, there is a need to develop mathematical models to estimate solar irradiation for a multitude of diverse climates. In this study, the annual regression coefficients, a and b, of the Ångström–Prescott (AP) model, which can

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Ayodele, Temitope R., Adisa A. Jimoh, Josiah L. Munda, and John T. Agee. "Statistical analysis of wind speed and wind power potential of Port Elizabeth using Weibull parameters." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 23, no. 2 (2012): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2012/v23i2a3160.

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This paper analyses wind speed characteristics and wind power potential of Port Elizabeth using statistical Weibull parameters. A measured 5–minute time series average wind speed over a period of 5 years (2005 - 2009) was obtained from the South African Weather Service (SAWS). The results show that the shape parameter (k) ranges from 1.319 in April 2006 to 2.107 in November 2009, while the scale parameter (c) varies from 3.983m/s in May 2008 to 7.390 in November 2009.The average wind power density is highest during Spring (September–October), 256.505W/m2 and lowest during Autumn (April-May), 1

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Korhonen, K., E. Giannakaki, T. Mielonen, et al. "Atmospheric boundary layer top height in South Africa: measurements with lidar and radiosonde compared to three atmospheric models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 7 (2013): 17407–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-17407-2013.

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Abstract. Atmospheric lidar measurements were carried out at Elandsfontein measurement station, on the eastern Highveld approximately 150 km east of Johannesburg in South Africa (SA) throughout 2010. The height of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) top was continuously measured using a~Raman lidar, PollyXT (POrtabLe Lidar sYstem eXTended). High atmospheric variability together with a large surface temperature range and significant seasonal changes in precipitation were observed, which had an impact on the vertical mixing of particulate matter (PM), and hence, on the PBL evolution. The results

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Kabanda, Tibangayuka A. "Geographical Variability of Drought in Northern South Africa." Journal of Geography and Geology 9, no. 1 (2017): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jgg.v9n1p53.

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This study focuses on the geographical variation of drought in northern South Africa (hereafter NSA). It assesses seasonal rainfall characteristics to determine drought occurrence and persistence in NSA. Seasonal rainfall data for the period 1960-2009 is used and was obtained from the South Africa Weather Service (SAWS). Rainfall stations in NSA are well distributed, forming a dense network of point-source data samples. Standardised Precipitation Indices (SPIs) are employed to detect drought occurrence and intensity at different locations. Analysis of SPIs with respect to time suggests that th

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Gyamfi, C., J. M. Ndambuki, and R. W. Salim. "A Historical Analysis of Rainfall Trend in the Olifants Basin in South Africa." Earth Science Research 5, no. 1 (2016): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/esr.v5n1p129.

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<span style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">A set of homogeneity test methods and the Mann-Kendall trend test were applied on historical rainfall records of the Olifants Basin to detect changes in rainfall pattern under a changing climate. In total, historical rainfall records from 13 stations obtained from the South African Weather Service (SAWS) and the Department of Water Affairs (DW

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Beraki, Asmerom F., David G. DeWitt, Willem A. Landman, and Cobus Olivier. "Dynamical Seasonal Climate Prediction Using an Ocean–Atmosphere Coupled Climate Model Developed in Partnership between South Africa and the IRI." Journal of Climate 27, no. 4 (2014): 1719–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00275.1.

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Abstract The recent increase in availability of high-performance computing (HPC) resources in South Africa allowed the development of an ocean–atmosphere coupled general circulation model (OAGCM). The ECHAM4.5-South African Weather Service (SAWS) Modular Oceanic Model version 3 (MOM3-SA) is the first OAGCM to be developed in Africa for seasonal climate prediction. This model employs an initialization strategy that is different from previous versions of the model that coupled the same atmosphere and ocean models. Evaluation of hindcasts performed with the model revealed that the OAGCM is succes

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Zinner, T., C. Forster, E. de Coning, and H. D. Betz. "Validation of the Meteosat storm detection and nowcasting system Cb-TRAM with lightning network data – Europe and South Africa." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 6, no. 6 (2013): 1567–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-1567-2013.

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Abstract. In this paper, recent changes to the Meteosat thunderstorm TRacking And Monitoring algorithm (Cb-TRAM) are presented as well as a validation of Cb-TRAM against data from the European ground-based LIghtning NETwork (LINET) of Nowcast GmbH and the South African Weather Service Lightning Detection Network (SAWS LDN). Validation is conducted along the well-known skill measures probability of detection (POD) and false alarm ratio (FAR) on the basis of Meteosat/SEVIRI pixels as well as on the basis of thunderstorm objects. The values obtained demonstrate specific limitations of Cb-TRAM, as

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Tharaga, Phumudzo Charles, Abraham Stephanus Steyn, and Gesine Maria Coetzer. "Climate Change Impacts on Temperature and Chill Unit Trends for Apple (Malus domestica) Production in Ceres, South Africa." Atmosphere 12, no. 6 (2021): 740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060740.

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Climate is an essential part of crop production, determining the suitability of a given region for deciduous fruit products such as apples (Malus domestica). It influences the yield and quality of fruits. There is strong evidence of global and regional-scale climate change since the advent of the industrial era. In South Africa, mean surface temperatures have revealed a warming trend over the last century. This study aimed to assess the impact of climate change on temperature and chill unit trends for apple production in Ceres, South Africa. The daily positive Utah chill units (DPCU) model was

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Zinner, T., C. Forster, E. de Coning, and H. D. Betz. "Validation of the METEOSAT storm detection and nowcasting system Cb-TRAM with lightning network data – Europe and South Africa." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 6, no. 1 (2013): 1269–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-6-1269-2013.

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Abstract. In this manuscript, recent changes to the DLR METEOSAT thunderstorm TRacking And Monitoring algorithm (Cb-TRAM) are presented as well as a validation of Cb-TRAM against the European ground-based LIghtning NETwork data (LINET) of Nowcast GmbH and Lightning Detection Network (LDN) data of the South African Weather Service (SAWS). The validation is conducted along the well known skill scores probability of detection (POD) and false alarm ratio (FAR) on the basis of METEOSAT/SEVIRI pixels as well as on the basis of thunderstorm objects. The values obtained demonstrate the limits of Cb-TR

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Rautenbach, Christo, Julia C. Mullarney, and Karin R. Bryan. "Parallel computing efficiency of SWAN 40.91." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 7 (2021): 4241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-4241-2021.

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Abstract. Effective and accurate ocean and coastal wave predictions are necessary for engineering, safety and recreational purposes. Refining predictive capabilities is increasingly critical to reduce the uncertainties faced with a changing global wave climatology. Simulating WAves in the Nearshore (SWAN) is a widely used spectral wave modelling tool employed by coastal engineers and scientists, including for operational wave forecasting purposes. Fore- and hindcasts can span hours to decades, and a detailed understanding of the computational efficiencies is required to design optimized operat

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de Coning, E., and E. Poolman. "South African Weather Service operational satellite based precipitation estimation technique: applications and improvements." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 4 (2011): 1131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1131-2011.

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Abstract. Extreme weather related to heavy or more frequent precipitation events seem to be a likely possibility for the future of our planet. While precipitation measurements can be done by means of rain gauges, the obvious disadvantages of point measurements are driving meteorologists towards remotely sensed precipitation methods. In South Africa more sophisticated and expensive nowcasting technology such as radar and lightning networks are available, supported by a fairly dense rain gauge network of about 1500 daily gauges. In the rest of southern Africa rainfall measurements are more diffi

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de Coning, E., and E. R. Poolman. "South African Weather Service operational satellite based precipitation estimation technique: applications and improvements." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, no. 6 (2010): 8837–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-8837-2010.

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Abstract. Extreme weather related to heavy or more frequent precipitation events seem to be a likely possibility for the future of our planet. While precipitation measurements can be done by means of rain gauges, the obvious disadvantages of point measurements are driving meteorologists towards remotely sensed precipitation methods. In South Africa more sophisticated and expensive nowcasting technology such as radar and lightning networks are available, supported by a fairly dense rain gauge network of about 1500 gauges. In the rest of southern Africa rainfall measurements are more difficult t

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Tonder, S. Van, and J. H. Van Rooyen. "An explanatory model of South African yellow maize futures prices." Corporate Ownership and Control 9, no. 3 (2012): 204–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv9i3c1art5.

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This study attempts to identify the important variables that may affect yellow maize futures prices in the South African derivatives market. Data was obtained from the South African Futures Exchange, a division of the Johannesburg Securities Exchange. Weekly data on the rand-dollar exchange rates were obtained from the South African Reserve Bank (SARB). Monthly data regarding import volumes, export volumes, maize consumption and maize stocks in South Africa are available from South African Grain Information Service (SAGIS). Fifteen variables that may be used to forecast futures prices were ide

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Kaspar, F., J. Helmschrot, A. Mhanda, et al. "The SASSCAL contribution to climate observation, climate data management and data rescue in Southern Africa." Advances in Science and Research 12, no. 1 (2015): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-12-171-2015.

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Abstract. A major task of the newly established "Southern African Science Service Centre for Climate Change and Adaptive Land Management" (SASSCAL; www.sasscal.org) and its partners is to provide science-based environmental information and knowledge which includes the provision of consistent and reliable climate data for Southern Africa. Hence, SASSCAL, in close cooperation with the national weather authorities of Angola, Botswana, Germany and Zambia as well as partner institutions in Namibia and South Africa, supports the extension of the regional meteorological observation network and the im

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Blamey, R. C., A. M. Ramos, R. M. Trigo, R. Tomé, and C. J. C. Reason. "The Influence of Atmospheric Rivers over the South Atlantic on Winter Rainfall in South Africa." Journal of Hydrometeorology 19, no. 1 (2018): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-17-0111.1.

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Abstract A climatology of atmospheric rivers (ARs) impinging on the west coast of South Africa (29°–34.5°S) during the austral winter months (April–September) was developed for the period 1979–2014 using an automated detection algorithm and two reanalysis products as input. The two products show relatively good agreement, with 10–15 persistent ARs (lasting 18 h or longer) occurring on average per winter and nearly two-thirds of these systems occurring poleward of 35°S. The relationship between persistent AR activity and winter rainfall is demonstrated using South African Weather Service rainfa

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Tennant, Warren J., Zoltan Toth, and Kevin J. Rae. "Application of the NCEP Ensemble Prediction System to Medium-Range Forecasting in South Africa: New Products, Benefits, and Challenges." Weather and Forecasting 22, no. 1 (2007): 18–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf979.1.

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Abstract The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Ensemble Forecasting System (EFS) is used operationally in South Africa for medium-range forecasts up to 14 days ahead. The use of model-generated probability forecasts has a clear benefit in the skill of the 1–7-day forecasts. This is seen in the forecast probability distribution being more successful in spanning the observed space than a single deterministic forecast and, thus, substantially reducing the instances of missed events in the forecast. In addition, the probability forecasts generated using the EFS are particularly

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Singh, Jyotsna, and Andries Kruger. "Is the summer season losing potential for solar energy applications in South Africa?" Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 28, no. 2 (2017): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2017/v28i2a1673.

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Seasonal trends using in situ sunshine duration (SD) and satellite, incoming shortwave solar radiation (SIS) data for South Africa over a period up to six decades were investigated. Trend analysis was applied to SD data of 22 sunshine-recording stations from the South African Weather Service that cover the length and breadth of South Africa. Satellite application facility on climate monitoring provided the high-resolution derived SIS for the period 1983–2013. A number of stations show a statistically significant decreasing trend in SD in all four seasons on a seasonal scale. Declines (number o

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Eiselt, Kai-Uwe, Frank Kaspar, Thomas Mölg, Stefan Krähenmann, Rafael Posada, and Jens O. Riede. "Evaluation of gridding procedures for air temperature over Southern Africa." Advances in Science and Research 14 (June 15, 2017): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-14-163-2017.

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Abstract. Africa is considered to be highly vulnerable to climate change, yet the availability of observational data and derived products is limited. As one element of the SASSCAL initiative (Southern African Science Service Centre for Climate Change and Adaptive Land Management), a cooperation of Angola, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia, South Africa and Germany, networks of automatic weather stations have been installed or improved (http://www.sasscalweathernet.org). The increased availability of meteorological observations improves the quality of gridded products for the region. Here we compare in

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Landman, Willem A., David DeWitt, Dong-Eun Lee, Asmerom Beraki, and Daleen Lötter. "Seasonal Rainfall Prediction Skill over South Africa: One- versus Two-Tiered Forecasting Systems." Weather and Forecasting 27, no. 2 (2012): 489–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/waf-d-11-00078.1.

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Abstract Forecast performance by coupled ocean–atmosphere or one-tiered models predicting seasonal rainfall totals over South Africa is compared with forecasts produced by computationally less demanding two-tiered systems where prescribed sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies are used to force the atmospheric general circulation model. Two coupled models and one two-tiered model are considered here, and they are, respectively, the ECHAM4.5–version 3 of the Modular Ocean Model (MOM3-DC2), the ECHAM4.5-GML–NCEP Coupled Forecast System (CFSSST), and the ECHAM4.5 atmospheric model that is forced

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Koenig, Marianne, and Estelle de Coning. "The MSG Global Instability Indices Product and Its Use as a Nowcasting Tool." Weather and Forecasting 24, no. 1 (2009): 272–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008waf2222141.1.

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Abstract The European geostationary Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) satellite offers a variety of channels to use for various purposes, including nowcasting of convection. A number of applications have also been developed to make use of these new capabilities for nowcasting, especially for the detection and prediction of severe weather. The MSG infrared channel selection makes it possible to assess the air stability in preconvective, that is, still cloud-free, conditions. Instability indices are traditionally derived from radiosonde profiles. Such indices typically combine measures of the the

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Bopape, Mary-Jane M., Ezekiel Sebego, Thando Ndarana, et al. "Evaluating South African Weather Service information on Idai tropical cyclone and KwaZulu- Natal flood events." South African Journal of Science 117, no. 3/4 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/7911.

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Severe weather events associated with strong winds and flooding can cause fatalities, injuries and damage to property. Detailed and accurate weather forecasts that are issued and communicated timeously, and actioned upon, can reduce the impact of these events. The responsibility to provide such forecasts usually lies with government departments or state-owned entities; in South Africa that responsibility lies with the South African Weather Service (SAWS). SAWS is also a regional specialised meteorological centre and therefore provides weather information to meteorological services within the S

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Mashao, Dakalo C., Michael J. Kosch, Jozsef Bór, and Stanislaus Nnadih. "The altitude of sprites observed over South Africa." South African Journal of Science 117, no. 1/2 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/7941.

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Sprites are mesospheric optical emissions that are mostly produced by large, positive cloud-to-ground lightning discharges. Sprites appear in different morphologies such as carrot, jellyfish and column, and are typically in the altitude range of ~40–100 km above the Earth’s surface. Sprites are a subset of transient luminous events and they contribute to the global electric circuit. South Africa has large convective thunderstorms, which typically occur in the summer months of every year. Peak current, time and geographical position of lightning strokes were obtained from the South African Weat

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van der Walt, Adriaan J., and Jennifer M. Fitchett. "Statistical classification of South African seasonal divisions on the basis of daily temperature data." South African Journal of Science 116, no. 9/10 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2020/7614.

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Across South Africa, a wide range of activities is influenced by differences in seasonality. In a South African context, there is little consensus on the timing of seasonal boundaries. Inconsistency exists through the use of ad-hoc approaches to define seasonal boundaries across South Africa. In this paper, we present one of the very first uniform statistical classifications of South African seasonal divisions on the basis of daily temperature data. Daily maximum and minimum temperature data were obtained from 35 selected South African Weather Service meteorological stations that had sufficien

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Mulovhedzi, Patience T., Gift T. Rambuwani, Mary-Jane Bopape, Robert Maisha, and Nkwe Monama. "Model inter-comparison for short-range forecasts over the southern African domain." South African Journal of Science 117, no. 9/10 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/sajs.2021/8581.

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Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models have been increasing in skill and their capability to simulate weather systems and provide valuable information at convective scales has improved in recent years. Much effort has been put into developing NWP models across the globe. Representation of physical processes is one of the critical issues in NWP, and it differs from one model to another. We investigated the performance of three regional NWP models used by the South African Weather Service over southern Africa, to identify the model that produces the best deterministic forecasts for the study

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Mathivha, Fhumulani I., Ndivhuwo N. Tshipala, and Zanele Nkuna. "The relationship between drought and tourist arrivals: A case study of Kruger National Park, South Africa." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 9, no. 1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v9i1.471.

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National parks around the world have been recognised as important sources of nature experiences for both local and international visitors. In South Africa, national parks are similarly important recreational and nature tourism attractions. They offer visitors an unparalleled diversity of tourism opportunities, including game viewing, bush walks and exposure to culture and history. South African National Parks (SANParks), established in 1926, is one of the world’s leading conservation and scientific research bodies and a leading agent in maintaining the country’s indigenous natural environment.

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Walker, Sue. "Development of Tailored Early Warning Agromet Advisories for Farmers in Zambia, Indonesia, and South Africa." Frontiers in Climate 3 (September 17, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fclim.2021.710625.

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Farmers do not often use climate and weather information on a regular basis, as the specific influence of weather parameters on farm-level decision making is not well-known. Agromet advisories are needed for local farming systems. Effective agrometeorological advisory systems, need tailored agricultural weather forecasts, and two-way communication. Transdisciplinary teams together with farmers can co-develop early warning Agromet advisory systems to address farmers' needs. Three examples of Agromet advisories are discussed- CAPES in Zambia, Science Field Shops in Indonesia, and the AgriCloud m

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Janse van Rensburg, Leana, and Brian T. Spencer. "The influence of environmental temperatures on farrowing rates and litter sizes in South African pig breeding units." Onderstepoort J Vet Res 81, no. 1 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v81i1.824.

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The reproductive performance of pigs is one of the main determinants of the profit farmers make from pig production. This study was undertaken to describe whether periods of high environmental temperature have an effect on the farrowing rate, litter sizes and number of stillbirths in commercial breeding units in South Africa. Data were collected weekly from four commercial breeding units with good records from December 2010 to August 2012. These data included the number of sows mated, number of sows farrowed and number of piglets born alive, as well as the number of stillbirths. Note was also

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Pyle, Desmond M., and Tennielle L. Jacobs. "The Port Alfred floods of 17–23 October 2012: A case of disaster (mis)management?" Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 8, no. 1 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v8i1.207.

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An intense cut-off low weather system, more commonly known regionally as a ‘black southeaster’, caused severe flooding in Port Alfred and the surrounding coastal areas from 17 to 23 October 2012. Unconfirmed reports of up to 700 mm of rainfall for the period were recorded. Damage caused by the flooding was estimated at R500 million. Eight deaths were recorded. The poorly maintained and ageing infrastructure and storm water systems could not withstand the floodwaters, and as a result, damage was worse than it should have been. Many houses, particularly in the surrounding townships and informal

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Nemukula, Murendeni M., and Caston Sigauke. "Modelling average maximum daily temperature using r largest order statistics: An application to South African data." Jàmbá: Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 10, no. 1 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v10i1.467.

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Natural hazards (events that may cause actual disasters) are established in the literature as major causes of various massive and destructive problems worldwide. The occurrences of earthquakes, floods and heat waves affect millions of people through several impacts. These include cases of hospitalisation, loss of lives and economic challenges. The focus of this study was on the risk reduction of the disasters that occur because of extremely high temperatures and heat waves. Modelling average maximum daily temperature (AMDT) guards against the disaster risk and may also help countries towards p

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Govender, Kogieluxmie, and Venkataraman Sivakumar. "A decadal analysis of particulate matter (PM2.5) and surface ozone (O3) over Vaal Priority Area, South Africa." Clean Air Journal 29, no. 2 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/caj/2019/29/2.7578.

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Atmospheric pollutants that affect human health most significantly are particulate matter (PM2.5) and surface ozone (O3). This paper analysed the long-term temporal trends for PM2.5 and ground level O3 for six air quality monitoring stations in the Vaal Triangle Area of South Africa from 2007 to 2017. Research has been conducted on the short-term temporal trends for PM2.5 concentration and surface O3 concentrations. There are no studies that have focussed on the long-term temporal trends for PM2.5 and O3 in the Vaal Triangle Area of South Africa, because these air quality monitoring stations h

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Butgereit, Laurie. "Tracking Gauteng thunderstorms using Crowdsourced Twitter data between Soweto and Pretoria." Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa 10, no. 3 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/td.v10i3.178.

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Summer thunderstorms in Gauteng are often dramatic, noisy, wet events. They can appear suddenly on exceptionally hot sunny days travelling fast across the province. With such dramatic arrivals, people often flock to social media sites such as Twitter to comment on the rain, wind, hail, lightning and thunder. This paper investigates the possibility of mapping the track of Gauteng thunderstorms by using crowdsourced data from Twitter. This paper describes a model (entitled the ThunderChatter Model) and instantiation of that model which extracts data from Twitter, analyses the textual information

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