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Journal articles on the topic 'South Carolina Civil War'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Joppich, Jasmin. "African Rice Cultivation. Wissens- und Technologietransfer von westafrikanischem Reisanbau nach South Carolina." historia.scribere, no. 11 (June 17, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15203/historia.scribere.11.809.

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The following paper is about the knowledge and technologies of rice cultivation that enslaved Africans brought from West Africa to colonial South Carolina. The paper examines why and in what ways West African technologies of rice cultivation were used and adapted in South Carolina to maximise production and profits, how rice production evolved after the Civil War in 1865, and whether there were any further developments in US rice cultivation.

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2

Murphy, Paul V., and Charles J. Holden. "In the Great Maelstrom: Conservatives in Post-Civil War South Carolina." Journal of Southern History 70, no. 2 (May 1, 2004): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27648446.

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3

Raiford, Norman G., and Walter Brian Cisco. "States Rights Gist: A South Carolina General of the Civil War." Journal of Southern History 59, no. 3 (August 1993): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2210054.

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4

Hippensteel, Scott P. "Reconstruction of a Civil War landscape: Little Folly Island, South Carolina." Geoarchaeology 23, no. 6 (November 2008): 824–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gea.20238.

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5

Arthur, Tori Omega. "Black Spectral Lives Matter." Plural (São Paulo. Online) 23, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-8099.pcso.2016.125102.

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6

Pagès, Christina M. "The Decline of a Shakespearean Tradition in Charleston, South Carolina, 1869–1900." Theatre Survey 31, no. 1 (May 1990): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040557400001009.

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The Academy of Music in Charleston, South Carolina, opened its doors in December 1869 to a public who, according to the local newspaper, “for the past four years … had been sighing for, writing for, combining for, and begging for–a first class Opera House and Theatre.” This first post-Civil War theatre in Charleston had inherited a theatre history dating back to as early as 1703, as well as an ardent and long-standing interest in Shakespearean playgoing which, despite the Civil War's devastating interruption, continued to be an essential part of the city's way of life for the next two decades. Because of its importance as both a literary and a drama centre before the Civil War, Charleston has already attracted the attention of several theatre historians, and numerous studies have been made of this city's brilliant antebellum stage. However, there were no records of Charleston's post-Civil War theatre until I undertook my study of the Academy of Music, the principal playhouse between 1869 and 1936—indeed, its only post-Civil War theatre except for approximately seven years between 1888 and 1893 when the Charleston Opera House offered sporadic entertainment. Particularly in the first three decades of the Academy of Music, the worlds of audience and stage seem to have coincided to a remarkable degree. Charleston's theatre years between 1869 and 1899 offer insights into the changing cultural attitudes and needs of an impoverished Southern city as its leaders struggled to meet the challenges of that difficult time. The best theatrical index to such cultural changes I have found is the degree of the Charlestonians' response to Shakespearean drama during these transitional years.

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7

Mann, Robert G. "The “Contact of Living Souls”: Shepard Gilbert’s Civics Education in Reconstruction South Carolina." New England Quarterly 88, no. 2 (June 2015): 286–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq_a_00455.

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Just after the Civil War, a Harvard graduate from Massachusetts receives a civics education from former slaves in South Carolina that radically transforms his life and his beliefs. It is a story that challenges commonly held views of Northern adventurers in the Reconstruction South.

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8

Kohlstedt, Sally Gregory, and Tamara Miner Haygood. "Henry William Ravenel, 1814-1887: South Carolina Scientist in the Civil War." American Historical Review 93, no. 5 (December 1988): 1399. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1873696.

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9

Busick, Sean. "Performing Disunion: The Coming of the Civil War in Charleston, South Carolina." Journal of American History 107, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 750–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jaaa386.

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10

O'Brien, Michael. "In the Great Maelstrom: Conservatives in Post-Civil War South Carolina (review)." Civil War History 51, no. 2 (2005): 227–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cwh.2005.0028.

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11

Kenzer, Robert C. "The Black Businessman in the Postwar South: North Carolina, 1865–1880." Business History Review 63, no. 1 (1989): 61–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3115426.

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This article uses the R. G. Dun and Company credit ratings to analyze North Carolina black businessmen and their firms in the fifteen years following the Civil War. When combined with data in local histories and in the federal census, the credit ratings reveal how the postbellum black business community, especially the mulatto population, was significantly shaped by antebellum emancipation. Blacks who shared the advantage of prewar freedom employed their superior financial resources and business experience to dominate their local economies after the war. Further, both as individuals and collectively, blacks used their newly acquired political power to foster economic opportunities in ways hitherto unrecognized by both political and business history scholars.

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12

Rogerson, Clark T., and Tamara Miner Haygood. "Henry William Ravenel, 1814-1887. South Carolina Scientist in the Civil War Era." Brittonia 40, no. 2 (April 1988): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807006.

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13

Sanders, Albert E., and Tamara Minger Haygood. "Henry Williams Ravenel, 1814-1887: South Carolina Scientist in the Civil War Era." Journal of American History 75, no. 2 (September 1988): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1887919.

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14

Rosen, Robert N., Richard B. McCaslin, Carl Moneyhon, and Bobby Roberts. "Portraits of Conflict: A Photographic History of South Carolina in the Civil War." Journal of Southern History 62, no. 2 (May 1996): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2211826.

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15

Wells, Kentwood D., and Tamara Miner Haygood. "Henry William Ravenel, 1814-1887: South Carolina Scientist in the Civil War Era." Journal of Southern History 55, no. 1 (February 1989): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2209737.

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16

Gold, David. "Students Writing Race at Southern Public Women's Colleges, 1884–1945." History of Education Quarterly 50, no. 2 (May 2010): 182–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5959.2010.00259.x.

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Scholars have long debated the complicity of Southern white women after the Civil War in helping create a racialist and racist regional identity and denying or delaying civil rights for African Americans. These studies have largely focused on the activities of elite white women property owners, club members, and writers. Yet few scholars have examined college women's activities in this regard, particularly those of the eight public colleges for women established in the South between 1884 and 1908: Mississippi State College for Women (MSCW) (1884), Georgia State College for Women (1889), Winthrop College in South Carolina (1891), North Carolina College for Women (NCCW) (1891), Alabama College for Women (ACW) (1893), Texas State College for Women (TSCW) (1901), Florida State College for Women (FSCW) (1905), and Oklahoma College for Women (1908). Little studied today, these schools served as important centers of women's education in their states, collectively educating approximately 100,000 women before World War II and with combined enrollments exceeding that of the Seven Sisters schools for many years.

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17

Marrs, Aaron W. "Railroads and Time Consciousness in the Antebellum South." Enterprise and Society 9, no. 03 (September 2008): 433–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700007266.

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Historians have often looked to industrial capitalism to further our understanding of “time consciousness.” This article explores time consciousness through the experience of a railroad in pre-Civil War South Carolina. Examining the South Carolina Railroad allows us to examine how time consciousness operated in a region not associated with industrial capitalism, and also see how multiple times could function simultaneously. While clocks were important to railroad operations, companies also had to address an array of non-clock times. Moreover, companies were never fully in control of their own time, but were in constant conflict and negotiation with various groups in the community. While industrialization and factory labor remain important ways to understand time consciousness, looking beyond the factory walls can help historians make better use of the analytical power of time.

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18

Lightweis-Goff, Jennie. "Civil War Canon: Sites of Confederate Memory in South Carolina Thomas J.Brown. University of North Carolina Press, 2015." Journal of American Culture 40, no. 1 (March 2017): 82–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jacc.12686.

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19

Gannon, Barbara. "Civil War Canon: Sites of Confederate Memory in South Carolina by Thomas J. Brown." Journal of Southern History 82, no. 3 (2016): 691–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/soh.2016.0179.

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20

Foster, Gaines M. "Civil War Canon: Sites of Confederate Memory in South Carolina by Thomas J. Brown." Journal of the Civil War Era 6, no. 1 (2016): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cwe.2016.0014.

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21

Zuczek, Richard. "The Last Campaign of the Civil War: South Carolina and the Revolution of 1876." Civil War History 42, no. 1 (1996): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cwh.1996.0029.

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22

Confer, Clarissa W. "South Carolina in the Civil War: The Confederate Experience in Letters and Diaries (review)." Civil War History 47, no. 3 (2001): 264–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cwh.2001.0038.

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23

Roberts, Blain. "Civil War Canon: Sites of Confederate Memory in South Carolina by Thomas J. Brown." Civil War History 62, no. 3 (2016): 341–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cwh.2016.0064.

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24

Smith, Steven D., Christopher Ohm Clement, and Stephen R. Wise. "GPS, GIS and the Civil War Battlefield Landscape: A South Carolina Low Country Example." Historical Archaeology 37, no. 3 (September 2003): 14–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03376608.

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25

Laski, Gregory. "Reconstructing Revenge: Race and Justice after the Civil War." American Literature 91, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 751–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00029831-7917296.

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Abstract This essay reconsiders the politics of African American literature after the Civil War by focusing on revenge as a response to the wrong of slavery. Though forgiveness dominates literary and historical scholarship, I assemble an archive of real and imagined instances of vengeance in black-authored texts from the period following formal emancipation to the dawn of the twentieth century: the petitions of the freedmen of Edisto Island, South Carolina; the minutes of the 1865 Virginia State Convention of Colored People; the narrative of the ex-slave Samuel Hall; and the Colored American Magazine’s coverage of the lynching of Louis Wright. Reading these works alongside Pauline E. Hopkins’s Winona (1902), I show how her novel develops a philosophy of righteous revenge that reclaims the true meaning of justice in a democracy. Ultimately, this archive can help us not only to examine anew a neglected literary period but also to reimagine racial justice, then and now.

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26

Feigenbaum, James, James Lee, and Filippo Mezzanotti. "Capital Destruction and Economic Growth: The Effects of Sherman’s March, 1850–1920." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 14, no. 4 (October 1, 2022): 301–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20200397.

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Using General Sherman’s March through Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina during the Civil War, we study the effect of capital destruction on medium- and long-run local economic activity, and the role of financial markets in recovery. We show that the march’s capital destruction led to a large contraction in agricultural investment, farming asset prices, and manufacturing activity compared to neighboring counties. Elements of the decline in agriculture persisted through 1920. Exploiting variation in local access to antebellum credit, we argue that the underdevelopment of financial markets played a role in weakening the recovery. (JEL N21, N51, N52, N61, N91, N92, Q10)

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27

Valentine, Patrick. "Useful Books: Community Libraries in Antebellum North Carolina." North Carolina Libraries 64, no. 3 (January 29, 2008): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3776/ncl.v64i3.5.

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While little has been published on libraries and print culture in the antebellum South, citizens were aware of the need to accumulate and disseminate knowledge in the form of books and magazines. North Carolina was not renowned for its schools or literary culture but it did witness over thirty attempts to establish community libraries between the American Revolution and the Civil War. This paper examines this library movement in its historical and cultural context as a reflection of the importance of print culture and voluntary associations within American civil society. By surveying a wide range of often-neglected primary and secondary literature, this article stands as a model for further research. Law to establish the Allemance [sic] Library Society, Guilford County: "For the purpose of procuring and establishing a circulating Library of Useful Books..." Laws of the State of North Carolina... 1.

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28

Hackett, David G. "The Prince Hall Masons and the African American Church: The Labors of Grand Master and Bishop James Walker Hood, 1831–1918." Church History 69, no. 4 (December 2000): 770–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3169331.

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During the late nineteenth century, James Walker Hood was bishop of the North Carolina Conference of the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church and grand master of the North Carolina Grand Lodge of Prince Hall Masons. In his forty-four years as bishop, half of that time as senior bishop of the denomination, Reverend Hood was instrumental in planting and nurturing his denomination's churches throughout the Carolinas and Virginia. Founder of North Carolina's denominational newspaper and college, author of five books including two histories of the AMEZ Church, appointed assistant superintendent of public instruction and magistrate in his adopted state, Hood's career represented the broad mainstream of black denominational leaders who came to the South from the North during and after the Civil War. Concurrently, Grand Master Hood superintended the southern jurisdiction of the Prince Hall Masonic Grand Lodge of New York and acted as a moving force behind the creation of the region's black Masonic lodges—often founding these secret male societies in the same places as his fledgling churches. At his death in 1918, the Masonic Quarterly Review hailed Hood as “one of the strong pillars of our foundation.” If Bishop Hood's life was indeed, according to his recent biographer, “a prism through which to understand black denominational leadership in the South during the period 1860–1920,” then what does his leadership of both the Prince Hall Lodge and the AMEZ Church tell us about the nexus of fraternal lodges and African American Christianity at the turn of the twentieth century?

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29

STEPHENS, LESTER D., and DALE R. CALDER. "John McCrady of South Carolina: pioneer student of North American Hydrozoa." Archives of Natural History 19, no. 1 (February 1992): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.1992.19.1.39.

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South Carolina naturalist John McCrady (1831–1881), a protégé of Louis Agassiz, was a pioneer in the study of Hydrozoa in North America. McCrady undertook investigations on hydrozoan life cycles, and provided thorough descriptions of most taxa. At least 20 of the families, genera, and species that he described and named are still recognised as valid. His ideas concerning classification and nomenclature within the Hydrozoa were remarkable for their time. As a result of the American Civil War, personal problems, cultural predilections, and preoccupation with other scientific interests, McCrady discontinued his hydrozoan research after 1860. Thereafter, his efforts in science were devoted to formulating a “Law of Development”, and to criticism of Darwinian theory.

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30

Thompson, Michael D. "Lawrence T. McDonnell. Performing Disunion: The Coming of the Civil War in Charleston, South Carolina." American Historical Review 124, no. 5 (December 1, 2019): 1897–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ahr/rhz356.

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Valentine, Patrick. "Books in Tolerable Supply: College Libraries in North Carolina from 1795 to the Civil War." North Carolina Libraries 65, no. 2 (March 24, 2008): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3776/ncl.v65i2.43.

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The historical role of college libraries has seldom been investigated on a regional or state level in the United States, but such studies are valuable in explaining the cultural infrastructure of education and print culture. State and regional studies also set the context for future research on individual libraries and colleges as well as histories on a larger level. This work examines how college libraries developed in North Carolina from 1800 to 1860 and illustrates the growth and ambience of education and print culture during a formative period of the antebellum South.

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32

Koivusalo, Anna. "Honor and Humiliation: James Chesnut and Violent Emotions in Reconstruction South Carolina." American Studies in Scandinavia 50, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 27–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v50i1.5692.

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Reconstruction has been seen as the period of redeeming lost southern honor. I argue, however, that the Reconstruction struggle was not simply about restoring pre-war honor to defeated Southerners, for the Civil War had not terminated or subdued honor. Rather, its contents, the idea of what was honorable, underwent changes. These changes were observed and lamented by James Chesnut, Jr. (1815–1885), a politician from South Carolina. Honor can be seen both as a source of emotion guidelines and as a tool used for navigating between acceptable and unacceptable emotions. By expressing acceptable emotions, an individual could claim ownership to honor and attempt to achieve life goals. During Reconstruction, the role of honor and the importance of honor-related emotional expression intensified. Because of major changes in society, individual goals changed and the necessity of forceful alteration to the understanding of honor arose. It became transformed, borrowing from violence, racism, and a more acute fear of shame. Aiming to preserve white supremacy, many white Southerners readjusted their honor ideals and emotional expression. Nonetheless, some moderate individuals, like Chesnut, found it difficult to adopt these new ideals and thus all but lost their political power.

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33

Oldfield, J. R. "A High and Honorable Calling: Black Lawyers in South Carolina, 1868–1915." Journal of American Studies 23, no. 3 (December 1989): 395–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875800004047.

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In recent years historians have begun to show considerable interest in the legal history of the South. But while much of this interest has touched on Southern lawyers and notions of professionalization, scant attention has been paid to the scores of black lawyers who were admitted to the bar in the post-Civil War period. Who were these men? Where did they acquire their legal training and at what cost? What sort of practices did they run? How successful were they? What follows is an attempt to answer some of these questions, taking as a case study the state of South Carolina, cradle of secession, and, by any measure, one of the most conservative (and recalcitrant) Southern states during the Reconstruction and Redemption periods.

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Hudson, Janet G. "Reviews of Books:In the Great Maelstrom: Conservatives in Post-Civil War South Carolina Charles J. Holden." American Historical Review 109, no. 4 (October 2004): 1235–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/530802.

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35

Gleeson, David T. "Performing Disunion: The Coming of the Civil War in Charleston, South Carolina. By Lawrence T. McDonnell." Journal of Social History 53, no. 4 (2020): 1084–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shz128.

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36

Childers, Christopher. "Performing Disunion: The Coming of the Civil War in Charleston, South Carolina by Lawrence T. McDonnell." Journal of the Civil War Era 9, no. 2 (2019): 314–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cwe.2019.0035.

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37

Faust, Drew Gilpin. "Henry William Ravenel, 1814-1887: South Carolina Scientist in the Civil War Era. Tamara Miner Haygood." Isis 79, no. 1 (March 1988): 169–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/354688.

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38

Lucas, Marion B. "Portraits of Conflict: A Photographic History of South Carolina in the Civil War (review)." Civil War History 42, no. 2 (1996): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cwh.1996.0005.

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39

Ranney, Joseph A. "A Fool’s Errand? Legal Legacies of Reconstruction in Two Southern States." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 9, no. 1 (October 2022): 1–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v9.i1.1.

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This Article examines several legal aspects of Reconstruction. It first looks at how the Texas and North Carolina supreme courts helped mediate the transition from a pre-war to a post-war society. Were the courts composed of unconditional Unionists, Conservatives, or a mix? Did they try to help the people of their states accept slav- ery's demise or did they aggravate the sting of defeat? A closely related issue is how Reconstruction lawmakers adjusted the legal rights of blacks following the abolition of slavery. Did they leave a permanent imprint on civil rights law or did they confirm Tourgee's judgment that Reconstruction was ultimately a "fool's errand"?' The Article next examines state constitutional history, which is also necessary for a full understanding of Reconstruction's legal legacy. North Carolina's Reconstruction constitution encompassed not only racial reforms but also a variety of attempts to catch up with social and economic reforms enacted in other parts of the nation before the war. Texas's Reconstruction constitution did the same, albeit to a lesser extent, because Texas had already adopted some of the social and economic reforms in question before the war. Texas enacted a new constitution at the end of Reconstruction and North Carolina added extensive amendments to its constitution at the end of Reconstruction, but both states stopped far short of eradicating all Reconstruction-era constitutional reforms. The Article next examines the evolution of economic law in Texas and North Carolina during the Reconstruction era. Reconstruction had profound economic as well as political consequences for the South. A new agricultural labor system had to be developed to replace slavery. Lawmakers had to arrange an orderly transition from the Confederate financial system back to the federal system and respond to problems arising out of the widespread poverty and debt created by the war. By 1865, the Industrial Revolution was well underway in the North, and the Southern states had to decide whether to shape their legal systems to follow suit or to preserve their rural, agricultural pre-war character. Lastly, the Article examines changes in married women's property rights law during Reconstruction. Many Southern women gained an "experience of self-sufficiency during the war [that] opened the door a crack to the 'strong-minded' women." This fact, together with a desire to alleviate post-war economic distress by protecting family assets from creditors, led several ex-Confederate states, including North Carolina, to expand married women's property rights during Reconstruction. Other Confederate states, including Texas, had been leaders in the married women's property rights movement before the war and therefore experienced less change in this area during Reconstruction.

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Moses, Sharon K. "Enslaved African conjure and ritual deposits on the Hume Plantation, South Carolina." North American Archaeologist 39, no. 2 (April 2018): 131–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0197693118773252.

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Twenty-one ritual deposits have been found in and around cabin sites along the slave street on the former Hume Plantation on Cat Island, South Carolina. Earliest deposits date back to the eighteenth century; however, evidence suggests ritual activity, known as conjure practices or hoodoo, continued after the Civil War among the emancipated Africans who chose to stay. The aim of this article is to present an alternative viewpoint that not all interpretations of enslaved African ritual activity or repurposed artifacts must be viewed through the lens of “resistance” but can be an expression of African agency to define new and multivariant spiritualties in light of changing identities, historical contexts, and value systems. These adaptations incorporated notions of social class and hierarchy as well as expanded spiritual symbolism from exposure to and interaction with Europeans and Native Americans. The result was a formation of religious syncretism.

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Jacobsen, Maria, Vincent Y. Blouin, and William Shirley. "Does Erosion Corrosion Account for Intriguing Damage to the Civil War Submarine H.L. Hunley?1." Marine Technology Society Journal 46, no. 6 (November 1, 2012): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.46.6.2.

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AbstractExcavation of the Civil War submarine H.L. Hunley, raised from the seabed off Charleston, South Carolina, has revealed large hull breaches in the fore and aft sections of the vessel. Initially, the damage was thought to have occurred the night the pioneering submarine sank in 1864, but recent hull forensic studies indicate that the two largest breaches in the submarine’s ballast tanks occurred due to natural and site-specific seabed conditions and did not contribute to the submarine’s demise. To reconstruct and interpret these conditions, a new methodology has been developed that utilizes forensic data embedded in the marine concretion covering the iron hull. Results from an experiment conducted to test the theory further support the notion that the largest breaches were likely caused by the combined effects of erosion and corrosion of the iron hull in the marine environment.

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Strickland, Jeffery. "“Our Domestic Trials with Freedmen and Others”: A White South Carolinian's Diary of African-American “Exhibitions of Freedom,” 1865–80." Prospects 30 (October 2005): 111–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300002003.

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In October 1865, Jacob Schirmer returned to Charleston, South Carolina, after more than three years refuge from the Civil War in the village of Edge-field, South Carolina. Schirmer had brought his slaves with him to Edgefield, but they did not return to Charleston with him, choosing instead to “realize their Freedom” (diary entry for October 28, 1865). Schirmer, a German American, kept a regular diary from 1826 until his death in 1880. Following the Civil War, though, he also commenced a separate journal — “Our Domestic Trials with Freedmen and Others” — in which he recorded his dealings with domestic workers in the free labor system. He hired three domestic servants: a female cook and washer, a male butler, and a male gardener. For the next twenty-five years, Schirmer struggled with the transition from slavery to freedom. “Our Domestic Trials” documents not only Schirmer's reaction to the revolutionary social changes of the era but also offers a telling picture of the ways in which African Americans responded to their newfound freedom and their determination to maintain that freedom.Jacob Schirmer was born in 1803 into a well-known German-American family in Charleston. Schirmer's grandfather was Jacob Sass, a reputable Charleston cabinetmaker. Schirmer operated a successful coopering (barrel making) business, and he owned eight buildings in Charleston. He served as president of the Corporation of St. John's Lutheran Church and as treasurer of the German Friendly Society. It does not appear that Schirmer was active in politics, nor was he a member of the German rifle clubs in Charleston (probably because they were formed by German immigrants in the 1850s).

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43

Scarborough, Beth, and Susan Foster Pardue. "Charlotte Libraries Tackle Controversial Topic." Journal of Library Outreach and Engagement 1, no. 1 (October 26, 2020): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21900/j.jloe.v1i1.470.

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Abstract UNC Charlotte’s Atkins Library, along with the History Department and Charlotte Mecklenburg Public Library, in response to violence, hatred and killings in both South Carolina and Virginia in 2015 and 2017, and contentious arguments over the presence of Confederate monuments, particularly on the campus of UNC Chapel Hill, proposed a series of public forums to address the controversy. With funds from the UNC Charlotte Chancellor’s Diversity Fund, plans were made to sponsor a total of five programs, each addressing a way to combat long-held myths and deliver truths about North Carolina’s history during the Confederacy. This series of programs, Beyond the Myths: The American Civil War in History and Memory, held in February and March 2019, took place on the main and downtown campuses of UNC Charlotte and at the Sugar Creek Branch of the Charlotte Mecklenburg Public Library. The planning and delivery of the series, marketing efforts and follow-up are detailed in this article.

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McCook, Matt. "Confederate Minds: The Struggle for Intellectual Independence in the Civil War South, by Michael T. Bernath.Confederate Minds: The Struggle for Intellectual Independence in the Civil War South, by Michael T. Bernath. Civil War America series. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, University of North Carolina Press, 2010. xiii, 411pp. $39.95 US (cloth)." Canadian Journal of History 47, no. 1 (April 2012): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh.47.1.170.

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DOYLE, PATRICK J. "UNDERSTANDING THE DESERTION OF SOUTH CAROLINIAN SOLDIERS DURING THE FINAL YEARS OF THE CONFEDERACY." Historical Journal 56, no. 3 (August 5, 2013): 657–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x13000046.

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ABSTRACTAlthough the American Civil War is perhaps the most written about event in American history, the issue of desertion has often retained a neglected position in the conflict's dense historiography. Those historians who have studied military absenteeism during the war have tended to emphasize socio-economic factors as motivating men to leave the army and return home. The Register of Confederate Deserters, a list of southern soldiers who crossed into Union lines and took an oath of loyalty in order to try and return home, can provide a different look at these men. By studying the South Carolinian men on the Register, as a case-study, we can see that ideological, as well as socio-economic, motivations occupied the thought process of Civil War deserters. Moreover, the act of desertion was rarely a simple representation of the thoughts of the individual but of the opinions and feelings of his family and community as well. As such, studying Confederate desertion not only helps us understand the issues of loyalty and nationalism during the Civil War, but also the way in which nineteenth-century southerners conceptualized the world around them.

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Lowe, Jessica K. "A Separate Peace? The Politics of Localized Law in the Post-Revolutionary Era." Law & Social Inquiry 36, no. 03 (2011): 788–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4469.2011.01250.x.

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Law is often seen as peripheral to Southern life before the Civil War, and the South as an outlier in the American legal history of that era. InThe People and Their Peace(2009), Laura Edwards demonstrates the profoundly legal nature of Southern society and takes an important step toward integrating the legal history of the South with that of the nation. Edwards identifies two dueling legal cultures in North and South Carolina between 1787 and 1840—the law of local courts, which she terms localized law, and the state law of professionalized lawyers and reformers. She argues that white women, slaves, and the poor fared better in localized law—which was based on notions of popular sovereignty and the flexible rubric of restoring “the peace”—than in state courts, which were steeped in a national culture of individual rights that led to more restrictive results. This essay questions Edwards's dichotomy between local law and state law and her depiction of the popular content of localized law, while building on Edwards's innovations to suggest a new direction for Southern legal history.

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Sinha, Manisha. "Michael T. Bernath . Confederate Minds: The Struggle for Intellectual Independence in the Civil War South . (Civil War America.) Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 2010. Pp. xiii, 412. $39.95." American Historical Review 116, no. 3 (June 2011): 804–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.116.3.804.

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Nzengung, Valentine A., and Ben Redmond. "On-Site Neutralization of Civil War Munitions Recovered From an Underwater Environment." Marine Technology Society Journal 50, no. 6 (November 1, 2016): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.50.6.5.

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AbstractThis paper describes the recovery, on-site nondestructive mechanical breaching, and chemical neutralization of munitions recovered from an underwater environment. The munitions were recovered during salvaging of the scuttled confederate states ship (CSS) Georgia, as part of the Savannah Harbor Expansion Project (SHEP). The CSS Georgia was scuttled on December 20, 1864. The CSS Georgia wreck site is on the Georgia and South Carolina border and covers an approximate area of 350 × 200 feet at a depth of about 36 feet. Because the CSS Georgia shipwreck site would obstruct the SHEP, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) entered into agreements to salvage some artifacts, including the munitions, for conservation. Due to the historical significance of the artifacts and the munitions among the CSS Georgia wreckage, the USACE required that the munitions be neutralized in the safest and least destructive manner possible. The munitions on board the scuttled CSS Georgia consisted of two types of civil war era projectiles, often described as cannon balls. A total of 185 munitions were removed from the CSS Georgia site in 2015. The majority of the recovered projectiles (170) were mechanically breached, and energetics were safely neutralized using MuniRem, an innovative chemical reduction reagent for explosives. After the black powder was completely flushed and neutralized, fuzes were unscrewed, if it could be done safely; otherwise, the explosive ordnance disposal technicians drilled into the fuzes at an angle. The contents of the fuze were neutralized in a solution of MuniRem before reattachment to the projectile. The neutralized black powder solids and wastewater were disposed as nonhazardous wastes. This project constitutes the largest on-site chemical neutralization of recovered confederate and underwater disposed military munitions from the U.S. civil war era.

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Carmody, Todd. "Rehearsing for Reconstruction: The Archipelagic Afterlives of the Port Royal Experiment." American Literature 92, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 281–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00029831-8267744.

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Abstract This essay traces the cultural legacy of the Port Royal Experiment, the Civil War–era social experiment in free labor conducted by Union forces on the Sea Islands of South Carolina and Georgia. Whereas literary and cultural historians typically focus on the “discovery” of slave spirituals by Northern missionaries and educators at Port Royal, this essay tracks how later writers, performers, and sociologists returned to the Sea Islands to reimagine the promise of free labor. The archive thus assembled includes Civil War–era ethnographies, memoirs, and reports; the scholarly monographs in UNC Press’s Social Study Series; and DuBose Heyward’s popular “Negro novel” Porgy (1925). Across this interdisciplinary tradition, writers of various stripes seek by turns to celebrate and contain the threat of the free but noncapitalist black body. The latter figure, recalling the disability category’s historical role in sorting people into work-based or need-based systems of social distribution, is commonly represented as disabled. Ultimately, the essay documents a dual development in US political economy as the marginalization of contraband slaves as capitalist laborers on the Sea Islands—the “failure” of the Port Royal Experiment—gives way to the consolidation of “black culture,” a success of a different kind.

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Kellow, Margaret M. R. "Mothers of Invention: Women of the Slaveholding South in the American Civil War, by Drew Gilpin FaustMothers of Invention: Women of the Slaveholding South in the American Civil War, by Drew Gilpin Faust. Chapel Hill, North Carolina, University of North Carolina Press, 1996. xvi, 326 pp." Canadian Journal of History 32, no. 1 (April 1997): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh.32.1.135.

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