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Journal articles on the topic 'Southern Europe literature'
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1
Ringvold, A. "Epidemiology of Glaucoma in Northern Europe." European Journal of Ophthalmology 6, no. 1 (January 1996): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112067219600600107.
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Purpose To survey glaucoma epidemiology in Northern Europe. Results of literature review Open-angle glaucoma is defined here as the simple and capsular types taken together. On this basis open-angle glaucoma makes up by far the largest group of glaucoma in Northern Europe. These are the target groups of this study, and pigmentary glaucoma is excluded because of the small numbers. Conclusion Open-angle glaucoma is less frequent in Southern Sweden and Denmark than in Finland, Middle Sweden, Norway, and Iceland. This may to some extent be explained by the suggested low prevalence of pseudoexfoliation in the southern areas, but other factors are presumed to be of importance as well.
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Guetto, Raffaele. "Employment Returns to Tertiary Education for Immigrants in Western Europe: Cross-Country Differences Before and After the Economic Crisis." Social Inclusion 6, no. 3 (July 30, 2018): 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v6i3.1446.
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This article contributes to the literature on the models of immigrants’ labour market incorporation in Western Europe by analysing the employment returns to tertiary education for both natives and immigrants. By using yearly EU-LFS data (2005–2013) for a selection of Western European countries, cross-country differences in the employment returns to tertiary education are analysed separately by immigrant status and gender. In Continental Europe, where immigrant-native employment gaps before the crisis were much larger than in Southern Europe, immigrants are found to benefit more from tertiary education, and their returns are also higher than for natives, while the opposite holds in Southern European countries. The same pattern is found irrespective of gender, but cross-country differences are more pronounced among women. The article also documents that the crisis contributed to a cross-country convergence, although limited to men, in the degree of immigrant employment disadvantage, which increased substantially in Southern Europe while remaining unchanged or slightly declining in all other countries. Nevertheless, although immigrant-native employment gaps grew as high as in Continental Europe, immigrant men in Southern Europe are still found to benefit from lower returns to tertiary education than their native counterparts.
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Roussos, Konstantinos, and Haris Malamidis. "SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND THE COMMONS: A FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING COLLECTIVE ACTION IN CRISIS-RIDDEN SOUTHERN EUROPE." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 359–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/1086-671x-26-3-359.
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Both social movement research and the literature on the commons provide rich accounts of the anti-austerity mobilizations and uprisings in southern Europe. Movement studies offer important insights regarding the context of mobilization and collective claim making. The commons literature emphasizes bottom-up practices of shared ownership, self-management, and social co-production that move beyond institutional solutions. Although both literatures highlight similar phenomena, they remain relatively unconnected. Their distance precludes a full grasp of the implications regarding the dynamic and abundant to-and-fro movement between protest-based politics and everyday forms of collective action in this region, which is heavily affected by the crisis’ austerity management. Drawing on the South European context, this article rethinks key concepts addressed in both literatures (social movements-commons, activists-commoners, mobilization-commoning) and highlights how a conceptual synthesis can sharpen and (re)politicize the theorization of contemporary collective action in the everyday.
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Clubbe, John. "The Reception of Byron in Europe. Volume I: Southern Europe, France and Romania. Volume II: Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. Richard Cardwell." Wordsworth Circle 40, no. 4 (September 2009): 151–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/twc24043550.
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Rigby, Mike, and Miguel Ángel García Calavia. "Institutional resources as a source of trade union power in Southern Europe." European Journal of Industrial Relations 24, no. 2 (May 19, 2017): 129–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959680117708369.
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Institutional resources are one of the sources of power available to trade unions, but recent literature has tended to pay less attention to these than to associational and organizational resources. We examine institutional resources in three Southern European countries, Greece, Portugal and Spain, which share many common characteristics. However, the character of institutional resources in Spanish industrial relations is distinctive. We examine the plasticity of industrial relations institutions in Spain in terms of labour market outcomes but argue that institutional security is an essential platform for unions seeking to develop other sources of power.
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Sahaj, Tomasz. "TRAVEL NARRATIVES IN CONTEMPORARY POLISH LITERATURE. ETHICAL, CULTURAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS." Folia Turistica 49 (December 31, 2018): 288–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.0832.
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Purpose. The presentation of results and analyses regarding on the journeys of ethical, cultural and social provenance in narratives available in contemporary Polish literature illustrated by chosen examples. Method. To prepare the presentation, qualitative methods were used together with the analysis technique of the content/plot of novels of autobiographies of contemporary Polish prose writers and travelers. The author analysed representative texts of such highly-regarded figures as philosophers by profession – Marek Kamiński, Joanna Bator, Krzysztof Środa – and wellknown writers: Andrzej Stasiuk, Krzysztof Varga, Ziemowit Szczerek and others. Findings. Research showed the authors’ great interest in history, culture, ethical and social issues during their numerous peregrinations all over Poland, Southern Europe and Central and Eastern Europe. The narration of the chosen author-travelers contains numerous reflections of existential-philosophical and cultural-social nature, focusing on sociological analysis. The interpretative framework in the works of the discussed authors fluctuates around local, global and glocal problems. Research and conclusions limitations. The study concerned only the works of Polish authors and concentrated on their journeys all over Poland, Southern and Central and Eastern Europe; borderlands, peripheral and cross-border areas. The phenomenon of the journeys of the analysed authors lies in the fact that their experiences are subjective, and their expeditions are undertaken to a considerable degree in mental space, a depicted world; they are unique imaginary adventures. Practical implications. Reading the works discussed in the article expands knowledge on culture, history and the society of countries where the authors undertake their ethically responsible travels. Their books can successfully become an element of literary/cultural tourism. Originality. In literature on the subject works concerning individual authors discussed in the article are dispersed. The advantage of the presented text is the depiction and analysis of the creative output of the examined authors in one place, including the characteristics of their journeys: spiritual, culinary, pilgrimage, cognitive and escape. Type of paper. The article is a review and a scientific, reflective essay.
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Katsiaras, Nikolaos, Maria Rousou, Luis F. Carrera-Parra, Sergio Carlos Garcia-Gomez, Nomiki Simboura, Paraskevi Louizidou, Chariton Charles Chintiroglou, and Roberto Martins. "Taxonomy, ecology and geographic distribution ofGallardoneris iberica(Polychaeta, Lumbrineridae) in southern Europe." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98, no. 7 (July 18, 2017): 1609–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315417001254.
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The polychaeteGallardoneris ibericawas described in soft-bottom benthic habitats from the Atlantic Iberian Peninsula coasts in 2012. Since then, successive studies have found this species in Spain, Italy and Croatia. The present study is the first to reportG. ibericafor Greece and Cyprus (42 new records) confirming its wide geographic distribution on southern European coasts. Taxonomic accounts and ecological preferences based on a large survey and review of available literature are being presented. The species was frequently found in habitats characterized by infralittoral muddy sands with variable organic matter and ‘Moderate’ ecological quality status; nevertheless it was also recorded in coarser and finer sediments, circalittoral mixed sediments, phytal substrates and undisturbed sites. Its relative abundance per sample was always lower than 2%. A review of the available ecological and geographic data of the otherGallardonerisspecies and a worldwide taxonomic key toGallardonerisspecies are provided.
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Pinzari, M. "Scythris clavella (Zeller, 1855) in Italy (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Scythrididae)." Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research 48, no. 3 (December 19, 2016): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jear.2016.5798.
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During an extensive collection of Lepidoptera in <em>Reatini</em> Mountains (Central Apennines, Italy) a male of <em>Scythris clavella</em> (Zeller, 1855) was collected. This species is distributed in Central and Southern Europe and eastwards to Bulgaria, Greece, Southern Ural Mountains, Altai Mountains and Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kirgisia). It was cited for Italy; however, accurate data of its presence are not present in literature. Our data support the conclusion that it is the first record for Peninsular Italy.
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Trbojević, Ivana, Vanja Milovanović, and Gordana Subakov Simić. "The Discovery of the Rare Chara baueri (Charales, Charophyceae) in Serbia." Plants 9, no. 11 (November 19, 2020): 1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9111606.
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Chara baueri is one of the rarest charophytes worldwide. It had been considered extinct in Europe for more than a century, from the 1870s to 2006, when it was rediscovered in Germany. The current distribution of this species is limited to a few localities in Europe (Germany, Poland and Russia), and one locality in Asia (Kazakhstan). We present a new finding of Chara baueri, to be a significant contribution to the species ecology and biogeography, and helping to review and update the current scarce knowledge. Chara baueri was discovered in Serbia and monitored for two vegetative seasons in 2018 and 2019, along with the associated macrophyte vegetation and water quality parameters. The morphology and ecology data of the species are presented comparatively with the literature data and the biogeography is critically reviewed. The population in Serbia is the first verified record of Chara baueri in southern Europe. Considering the recent findings and the knowledge accumulated in these records, Chara baueri was very possibly never extinct at all, but overlooked in Europe for the entire 20th century. We suggest that waterfowl migrating from the northern parts of Europe should be considered as the important spreading agent of Chara baueri in southern regions.
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Tierney, Brian. "Scholastic Humanism and the Unification of Europe, 1: Foundations.R. W. Southern." Speculum 73, no. 3 (July 1998): 899–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2887558.
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Cakanlar, Aylin, and Tram Nguyen. "The influence of culture on impulse buying." Journal of Consumer Marketing 36, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-03-2017-2139.
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PurposeThis study aims to expand the understanding of impulse buying behavior by looking further into the role of culture in cross-cultural contexts.Design/methodology/approachA cross-cultural questionnaire was administered across three countries, namely, Sweden, Turkey and Vietnam.FindingsCulture impacts impulse buying behavior of subjects with different cultural backgrounds. However, the findings also indicate that other factors may affect impulse buying behavior.Originality/valueThe cultural role on impulse buying was brought up by a few researchers in the literature, but Hofstede’s model of four cultural dimensions and their relationship to impulse buying behavior is tested for the first time in the literature across three different countries: Sweden, Turkey and Vietnam, which, respectively, represent northern Europe, southern Europe/a part of West Asia and South East Asia.
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Oficialdegui, Francisco J., Marta I. Sánchez, Christophe Lejeusne, Nic Pacini, and Miguel Clavero. "Brought more than twice: the complex introduction history of the red swamp crayfish into Europe." Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, no. 421 (December 10, 2019): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2019044.
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One of the biggest challenges in understanding and managing biological invasions is the identification of the routes of introduction. This information is often incomplete because of unnoticed, unreported and, sometimes, illegal translocations. Reports on the introduction of the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) into Europe describe that it was introduced for the first time to southern Spain (1973 and 1974) from Louisiana; from there, it rapidly spread throughout several European countries. While other importation events and pathways of introduction have been suggested in the literature, there is no evidence that these led to wild populations in Europe. Our present study suggests two additional introduction routes into Europe from non-European areas where the red swamp crayfish had previously been reported. By using mtDNA, we found a shared haplotype between the Lake Naivasha in Kenya and Western Europe, as well as another between either western United States or Asia, and Malta. These findings support historical reports found in the literature for the former case and also point towards pet trade as driver of new introductions for the latter, thus highlighting the complex introduction history of the red swamp crayfish populations in Europe.
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Gibson, Heather D., and Euclid Tsakalotos. "European Monetary Union and Macroeconomic Policy in Southern Europe: the Case for Positive Integration." Journal of Public Policy 11, no. 3 (July 1991): 249–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00005328.
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ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the prospects of Greece, Portugal and Spain completing stage 1 of the Delors plan. Much of the academic literature on the removal of capital controls seeks to extend the experience of the ERM countries in the 1980s. We argue that its applicability for southern Europe is not straightforward, because these countries have not had the same experience of operating the ‘old’ ERM with capital controls, and examine the implications for these countries of removing capital controls for macroeconomic, and especially, fiscal policy. Intermediate institutional arrangements may be necessary and we consider how EC-wide measures may help these countries in this transitional phase. For the next phase of European integration, the focus of the EC should be on developing appropriate public institutions at the European level to promote positive integration.
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LOIZIDES, MICHAEL, PABLO ALVARADO, BORIS ASSYOV, EEF ARNOLDS, and PIERRE-ARTHUR MOREAU. "Hydnellum dianthifolium sp. nov. (Basidiomycota, Thelephorales), a new tooth-fungus from southern Europe with notes on H. concrescens and H. scrobiculatum." Phytotaxa 280, no. 1 (October 14, 2016): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.280.1.2.
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The new species Hydnellum dianthifolium is described and illustrated from Pinus brutia forests in Cyprus and southern Italy. Evidence from ITS-based phylogenetic and morphological analyses, including scanning electron microscopy is provided, and the relevant literature is reviewed. The long-standing taxonomic problems associated with the closely affiliated taxa Hydnellum concrescens and H. scrobiculatum, both variously interpreted in the literature and as yet phylogenetically unresolved, are discussed.
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MacCulloch, Diarmaid. "2. Protestantism in Mainland Europe: New Directions." Renaissance Quarterly 59, no. 3 (2006): 698–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ren.2008.0404.
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Most stimulating — for this Anglophone historian, at least — has been the reintegration of religious history into mainstream social and political history generally, and also the heightened sense of an international movement embracing an entire continent and beyond. We no longer make artificial distinctions between the Reformations of the Atlantic Isles and those on the mainland; we can see more clearly what is local and what is part of an international phenomenon; and we can also appreciate the artificiality of considering Protestantism in isolation from reform movements in both the Pre-Reformation Western Church and Post-Tridentine Roman Catholicism. I commend the advantages of emancipating religious history from specific religious commitment. I also discuss the effect of the breaking down of barriers to travel and research in the wake of the 1989–90 revolutions in the recovery of our sense of the importance of Reformations in Eastern Europe, and also highlight our realization that a heritage of Southern European dissent shaped the heterodoxy that dissolved Reformation certainties.
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Poesen, J. W. A., and J. M. Hooke. "Erosion, flooding and channel management in Mediterranean environments of southern Europe." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 21, no. 2 (June 1997): 157–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339702100201.
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Soil erosion by water is one of the most important land degradation processes in Mediterranean environments. This process is strongly linked to problems of flooding and channel management. This article reviews existing knowledge on these topics and defines research gaps. In the framework of environmental change studies it is important to consider soil erosion at various spatial and temporal scales. Most field measurements and modelling efforts have hitherto concentrated on water erosion processes operating at the runoff plot scale. Soil erosion processes operating at other spatial scales have received much less attention in the literature. Yet, there are indications that gully and channel erosion are probably the dominant sediment sources in a variety of Mediterranean environments. Beside water erosion, other erosion processes operating within catchments, such as tillage erosion, land reshaping for land preparation (e.g., terracing) or soil quarrying can have significant impacts on soil profile truncation. Land use changes strongly affect the intensity of these processes. The conditions, position and connectivity of the runoff and sediment generating areas within catchments have a profound effect on flood characteristics within the main channels but the dynamics are not well understood. Some research has taken place into meteorological conditions producing catastrophic flooding and into development of hydrological models using catchment variables. Much less is known of the properties and effects of flood waves within channels, partly because of lack of records of these infrequent events. It is not only water but also sediment which causes destruction in floods, yet sediment is frequently ignored in channel management. The extreme conditions associated with floods in the region, the variability of flows and of flood zones, the mobility of the channels and the high sediment loads create particular challenges for channel management. Trends in land use and channel management are tending to exacerbate these problems. From this review it can be concluded that there is still an important need for process-based understanding and modelling of key soil erosion processes operating at a range of scales: i.e., from plots over hillslopes, catchments to regions. In particular, more research is needed on the linkages between upland areas which produce large volumes of runoff and sediment and channels on the other hand. Such linkages are through gullies and sedimentation zones. Monitoring and experi mental data on key soil erosion and channel processes operating within Mediterranean landscapes are crucial for the improvement of soil erosion and channel models for a range of scales. In particular, long-term monitoring of soil erosion processes and stream channel changes seems to be essential to observe the effects of infrequent torrential rain events on severe erosion, flooding and stream channel changes as well as on the transient response of Mediterranean landscapes to changes in land use and climate. Systematic collation of historical evidence of changes would be valuable. Implications of land and water use need to be examined in detail. A wide range of alternative strategies and techniques of channel and basin management must be explored and modelled. A holistic approach to management of the fluvial system is recommended.
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ISABELLA, MAURIZIO. "CITIZENS OR FAITHFUL? RELIGION AND THE LIBERAL REVOLUTIONS OF THE 1820S IN SOUTHERN EUROPE." Modern Intellectual History 12, no. 3 (January 16, 2015): 555–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147924431400078x.
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Historians of liberalism have tended to ignore or underplay the contribution of southern Europe. However, in the 1820s this part of the world was at the forefront of the struggle for liberal values. This essay explores the relationship between constitutional culture and religion during the liberal revolutionary wave that affected Portugal, Spain, the Italian peninsula and Greece, by examining parliamentary debates, the revolutionary press, literature targeting the masses, religious sermons and exile writings. It argues that rather than rejecting religion, liberals strove to find an accommodation between their values and revealed truth—they were convinced that no society could survive without religious morality. In this way, they developed a variety of religious attitudes that ranged from deism to forms of crypto-Protestantism without abandoning their established religions. At the same time, although they defended individual rights and freedom of expression against the opposition of the churches, and argued for reformed and enlightened forms of religiosity, most of them considered the religious uniformity of their societies advantageous and even opposed religious toleration.
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Tsiotsou, Rodoula H. "Rate my firm: cultural differences in service evaluations." Journal of Services Marketing 33, no. 7 (December 12, 2019): 815–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-12-2018-0358.
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Purpose Cross-cultural research constitutes a pivotal topic for marketing; however, the literature indicates that there are a few studies analyzing social media reviews from a cross-cultural perspective using cultural proximity (supra-national level) as a proxy of culture. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify cross-cultural differences in service evaluations and specifically, in hotel appraisals among tourists from Central, Eastern (including Post-Soviet States), Northern and Southern Europe. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative approach has been taken by studying online user-generated ratings of hotels on Trip Advisor. In total, 1,055 reviews of five hotels in Greece were used for the study. Findings Multivariate analysis of variance and analysis of variances results confirm cultural differences in overall service evaluations and attributes (value, location, sleeping quality, rooms, cleanliness and service) of tourists from various European regions. Specifically, Eastern Europeans uploaded more reviews than any other European group, whereas Northern Europeans were more generous in their appraisals than Eastern, Southern and Central Europeans. Practical implications The results of the study could be used for segmentation purposes of the European tourism market and for recognizing, which aspects of their services need to be improved based on the segments they serve. Moreover, managers should encourage Northern and Eastern Europeans to upload their reviews as both groups are more generous in their evaluations. Moreover, the findings are useful to marketers of other services. Originality/value To the author’s knowledge, this is the first study that examines cross-cultural differences in hotel appraisals from a supra-national perspective including developed (Northern and Western Europe), developing (Southern Europe) and emerging tourism markets (Eastern Europe).
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Jawor, Anna, and Nicole Dołowy-Rybińska. "Światowa slawistyka w Warszawie. Sprawozdanie z konferencji." Adeptus, no. 5 (June 18, 2015): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/a.2015.006.
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World Slavic studies in Warsaw. Conference reportThe text is a report from the international conference, ‘The Identity of the Slavs past and present: language, culture, literature in young Slavists’ research’ (May 2014). The conference was organized by the Institute of Slavic Studies, the Polish Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Western and Southern Slavic Studies, Warsaw University and the Slavic Foundation. The aim of the conference was to confront the research carried out by young researchers from Poland and Slavic countries with those conducted by their colleagues from Western Europe. These researches were compared with the Slavic studies carried out in the world. Światowa slawistyka w Warszawie. Sprawozdanie z konferencji Tekst jest sprawozdaniem z międzynarodowej konferencji naukowej „Tożsamość Słowian dawniej i dziś: język, kultura, literatura w badaniach młodych slawistów” (maj 2014). Konferencja została zorganizowana przez Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Instytut Slawistyki Zachodniej i Południowej Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego i Fundację Slawistyczną. Jej celem było skonfrontowanie badań prowadzonych przez młodych naukowców z Polski i krajów słowiańskich z badaniami prowadzonymi przez ich kolegów z krajów Europy Zachodniej oraz porównanie ich z dominującymi tendencjami slawistyk światowych.
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Vida, István Kornél. "The "New World is An Other World": Hungarian Transatlantic Emigrants' Handbooks and Guidebooks, 1903-1939." Hungarian Cultural Studies 6 (January 12, 2014): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ahea.2013.112.
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The process of migration includes the movement between relatively distant geographical locations as well as often facing considerable cultural differences between the sending and receiving countries. At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth century, millions of emigrants from East Central Europe and Southern Europe sought their personal dreams in America, but had painfully little information at their disposal about the country, and were consequently in for a considerable “culture shock.” This paper examines the possible sources of information for soon-to-become transatlantic migrants from Europe in general, and from Hungary in particular. It analyzes the various types of “booster literature,” along with the people who had an interest in its publication, and offers a case study of handbooks and guidebooks written specifically for Hungarian emigrants to America during the first two decades of the twentieth century.
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KARCH, BRENDAN. "Regionalism, Democracy and National Self-Determination in Central Europe." Contemporary European History 21, no. 4 (September 20, 2012): 635–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777312000410.
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The end of the Cold War and the accompanying easing of archival restrictions in former communist countries have created a veritable renaissance in historical literature on the region in the last two decades. The fall of the Iron Curtain has subsequently thrown into doubt the historiographical salience of a strict East–West divide and prompted the resurgence of analytic concepts such as Central Europe or East Central Europe. The former term, defined famously but imprecisely in the 1980s by Milan Kundera as those lands ‘culturally in the West and politically in the East’, has grown no easier to delimit with the march of European integration and democratic stability across most of the ‘central’ part of the continent. The latter term is, in some senses, less problematic, since the ‘East’ in East Central Europe is generally understood to exclude those areas in current-day Germany or Austria. Yet the region's eastern and southern borders are still much disputed.
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Roth, Pinchas. "Legal Strategy and Legal Culture in Medieval Jewish Courts of Southern France." AJS Review 38, no. 2 (November 2014): 375–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009414000312.
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From the mid-thirteenth century onwards, the rabbinic courts of southern France (Provence and Languedoc) found themselves dealing with an increasing number of cases in which plaintiffs were using the court as leverage in a struggle that was taking place outside the court. This period also saw the first legal advocates appearing in Jewish courts. These two related phenomena point to a shift in Jewish legal culture, part of a move throughout thirteenth-century Mediterranean Europe towards what Daniel Lord Smail has called “consumption of justice.”
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Wood, Luke B. "German Hegemony? The Federal Republic of Germany in Post Cold War European Affairs." German Politics and Society 37, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2019.370408.
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Germany’s increased power capabilities in foreign affairs since reunification have prompted scholars to argue that the country should be viewed as a regional hegemonic power, exercising significant influence not only over smaller countries in Eastern and Southern Europe, but also over the institutions of the European Union. After providing a critical assessment of the literature on hegemony in Europe, this article outlines three main trends in the scholarship on German power in European affairs. First, scholars tend to exaggerate Berlin’s power capabilities relative to other major European states such as France, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Research shows that Europe is best understood as a multipolar regional order, not a hegemonic system dominated by one powerful state. Second, German leadership in Europe is contested and often delegitimized. Since 1949, German political elites have not been able to exercise influence in Europe without the support of other European states. This remains true even after the collapse of the Franco-German “tandem” in the wake of the European debt crisis. Third, scholars fail to adequately address how American power in the North Atlantic impacts regional polarity. Since reunification, the role of the United States in Europe has only increased and American influence over Eastern Europe, in particular, surpasses that of other European powers, including Germany.
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Kojanić, Ognjen. "Theory from the Peripheries." Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 29, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2020.290204.
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This article argues for the benefits of a relational approach to understanding centres and peripheries across scales in anthropology, as opposed to an approach based on substantive notions of geographic areas. Based on an extensive literature review, I expose how the salience of the division into Western and Eastern Europe, and, increasingly, into Northern and Southern Europe, obscures the divisions on other scales within and across these divisions. Instead, I argue for thinking relationally about centres and peripheries, highlighting two relevant contributions that the anthropology of postsocialism can make to a European anthropology: one is based on analyses of how places become peripheral, while the other starts from analyses of political-economic changes and their social impacts after the collapse of socialism.
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Popova, Elitsa, and Diana Zlatanova. "The invasive raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides, gray) – an update of its distribution on the Balkans." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 19, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/trser-2017-0015.
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Abstract The raccoon dog, which lives especially near water and is rare in areas with low humidity, has been spreading throughout Europe since its introduction to Western Russia in the beginning of the 20th century. Official accounts of its distribution in Europe are often inaccurate due to scarce data. A literature search was conducted to identify records of the raccoon dog in the Balkans. More than 60 records were identified, including ones unlisted by the cited source from central and western Bulgaria, southern Serbia, Macedonia, Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Greece. The raccoon dog can be found on the Balkans either along the Danube (which is a major corridor for its invasion) or along its tributaries, which might represent secondary invasion pathways.
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Vandenesch, F., and J. Etienne. "How to prevent transmission of MRSA in the open community?" Eurosurveillance 9, no. 11 (November 1, 2004): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.09.11.00483-en.
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In the past 20 to 30 years, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains have been present in hospitals and have become a major cause of hospital-acquired infection. Methicillin resistance rates of S. aureus vary considerably between countries, with a high prevalence in the United States, and southern Europe (>20%) and a low prevalence in northern Europe (< or =5%). Community-acquired MRSA emerged worldwide in the late 1990s. There has been great confusion in the literature between healthcare-associated MRSA infections occurring in the community in patients who are at risk of acquiring hospital MRSA (such as those with past history of hospital admission, immunocompromised status, etc.), and true CA-MRSA infections due to strains that are present in the community only.
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Prontera, Andrea. "The new politics of energy security and the rise of the catalytic state in southern Europe." Journal of Public Policy 38, no. 4 (May 23, 2017): 511–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x1700006x.
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AbstractEuropean energy security has recently emerged as an important topic of scholarly attention. Many studies have scrutinised the political and institutional innovations triggered by the establishment of the European Union internal energy market and external energy policy. However, the literature indicates a particularly striking gap between growing research and concept development, and only recently have efforts been made to analyse this current dynamic more accurately. By focussing on the security of gas supply and liquefied natural gas development in France, Italy and Spain, and extending the model of the catalytic state to the energy-security realm, this article contributes to the empirical and conceptual debate. In particular, the article argues that the catalytic state model, which emphasises the active role of governments in a liberalised market structure and their wide participation in a networked pattern of energy diplomacy, is better equipped than the regulatory state model to capture the new European politics of energy security.
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Eastwood, Bruce. "Robert Grosseteste: The Growth of an English Mind in Medieval Europe. R. W. Southern." Speculum 63, no. 1 (January 1988): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2854388.
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Huzain, Muh. "PENGARUH PERADABAN ISLAM TERHADAP DUNIA BARAT." Tasamuh: Jurnal Studi Islam 10, no. 2 (November 7, 2018): 355–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32489/tasamuh.41.
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The emergence of Islam influenced the revolution and made a wave of culture toward a new world when experiencing an era of darkness. The progress of Greek civilization in the West could not be continued by the Roman empire and Roman domination in the classical era until the middle ages; which was then the rise of the West in the era of renaissance in the 14-16th century. This paper will reveal the influence of Islam on the development of the Western world, since the emergence of contact between Islam with the West in the Classical era until the middle ages. There are different opinions among historians about who and when the first contact between Islam and the West took place. The first contact, however, occurred when the areas of East Roman government (Byzantium), Syria (638) and Egypt (640) fell into the hands of the Islamic government during the reign of Caliph 'Umar bin Khaţţāb. The Second contact, at the beginning of the eighth and ninth centuries occurred when the kings of Islam were able to rule Spain (711-1472), Portugal (716-1147), and important Mediterranean islands such as Sardinia (740-1050), Cicilia (827-1091), Malta (870-1090) as well as several small areas in Southern Italy and French Southern France. The third contact, took place in Eastern Europe from the fourteenth to early twentieth century when the Ottoman empire ruled the Balkan peninsula (Eastern Europe) and Southern Russia. The Ottoman empire's powers in Europe covered Yunāni, Bulgaria, Albania, Romania, Yugoslavia, Hungary, parts of Rhode, Cyprus, Austria and parts of Russia. Of the three periods of contact, the greatest influence was in the second contact period, where the decline of Western science in the dark era, while in the Islamic world developed advanced and produces scientists, thinkers and intellectuals in various sciences. This influence can be seen from the sending of students studying to the university of Islamic area, the establishment of the university, the translation and copying of various scientific literature such as natural science (Science of astronomy, Mathematics, Chemistry, Pharmacy, medicine, architecture etc) and Social Science history, philosophy, politics, economics, earth sciences, sociology, law, culture, language, literature, art, etc.). The Historians recognize that the influence of Islamic civilization is very great on the development of the West, which culminated in the renaissance or rise of Western civilization in Europe after the dark era.
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Huzain, Muh. "Pengaruh Peradaban Islam Terhadap Dunia Barat." TASAMUH: Jurnal Studi Islam 10, no. 2 (September 3, 2018): 355–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.47945/tasamuh.v10i2.77.
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The emergence of Islam influenced the revolution and made a wave of culture toward a new world when experiencing an era of darkness. The progress of Greek civilization in the Westcould not be continued by the Roman empire and Roman domination in the classical era until the middle ages; which was then therise of the West in the era of renaissance in the 14-16th century.This paper will reveal the influence of Islam on the development of the Western world, since the emergence of contact between Islam with the West in the Classical era until the middle ages. There are different opinions among historians about who and when the first contact between Islam and the West took place. The first contact, however, occurred when the areas of East Roman government (Byzantium), Syria (638) and Egypt (640) fell into the hands of the Islamic government during the reign of Caliph 'Umar bin Khaţţāb. The Second contact, at the beginning of the eighth and ninth centuries occurred when the kings of Islam were able to rule Spain (711-1472), Portugal (716-1147), and important Mediterranean islands such as Sardinia (740-1050), Cicilia (827-1091), Malta (870-1090) as well as several small areas in Southern Italy and French Southern France. The third contact, took place in Eastern Europe from the fourteenth to early twentieth century when the Ottoman empire ruled the Balkan peninsula (Eastern Europe) and Southern Russia. The Ottoman empire's powers in Europe covered Yunāni, Bulgaria, Albania, Romania, Yugoslavia, Hungary, parts of Rhode, Cyprus, Austria and parts of Russia. Of the three periods of contact, the greatest influence was in the second contact period, where the decline of Western science in the dark era, while in the Islamic world developed advanced and produces scientists, thinkers and intellectuals in various sciences. This influence can be seen from the sending of students studying to the university of Islamic area, the establishment of the university, the translation and copying of various scientific literature such as natural science (Science of astronomy, Mathematics, Chemistry, Pharmacy, medicine, architecture etc) and Social Science history, philosophy, politics, economics, earth sciences, sociology, law, culture, language, literature, art, etc.). The Historians recognize that the influence of Islamic civilization is very great on the development of the West, which culminated in the renaissance or rise of Western civilization in Europe after the dark era.
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Kusza, Szilvia. "Analysis of the genetic origin of European hare (Lepus europaeus) (technical literature review)." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 57 (March 20, 2014): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/57/1959.
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Fossil datas showed that the lagomorphs appeared in Asia during the later Eocene and leporids separated from ochotonids during the Oligocen or Upper Eocene. During the Pleistocene, climatic changes induced major shifts in species distributions, forcing them to refugia.In Europe, the continuous oscillations led to the production of greater subspecific and specific diversity in the southern peninsulas (Iberia, Italy, Balkan) which were the main refugial areas for other species as well. Evolution, phylogeny and population genetics of the Lagomorpha species are still poorly known and the taxonomic distinction is still unclear for some species. Conservation genetics is the discipline which use genetic techniques and analysis methods to preserve species and dynamics. Usually it is working together with population genetics what role is to investigate the origin, the maintenance, the organization and the causes of genetic variation between natural populations. In the present study I reviewed the results of origin and phylogenetic studies of Brown hare populations from the last decades.
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Zhukov, D. S., and N. S. Barabash. "Analysis of the population policy in the low birth rate countries. Their experience and some results." Innovatics and Expert Examination, no. 1(31) (June 18, 2021): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35264/1996-2274-2021-1-77-84.
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This article presents the short overview of the foreign literature, in which has been considered the population policy and some results of the implementation of such approaches. The objects are the researches of the low rate birth countries which have the same kind of problems as Russia. We consider the essential mechanism which helps the developed societies to stimulate the childbirth. It has been reviewed the results of the different types of population policy in several groups of the countries: Scandinavian and Anglo-Saxon countries; Japan and South Korea; Southern, Western and Eastern Europe.
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Sallares, Robert, Abigail Bouwman, and Cecilia Anderung. "The Spread of Malaria to Southern Europe in Antiquity: New Approaches to Old Problems." Medical History 48, no. 3 (July 1, 2004): 311–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025727300007651.
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The discoveries in the late nineteenth century that malaria is caused by protozoan parasites, which are transmitted by mosquitoes, quickly led to intense speculation about its history in antiquity. The historiography of malaria has passed through three distinct phases during the last hundred years or so. The first generation of historians to consider the effects of malaria did exaggerate its significance in some respects. The argument by W H S Jones that the Greek doctrine of fevers was based on malaria was generally and rightly accepted. However, it is not surprising that his view that malaria was a major reason for the degeneration of the moral character of the ancient Greeks attracted little sympathy. The eradication of malaria from southern Europe in the 1930s and 1940s contributed to a decline of interest in the subject. Subsequently medical historians and even professional malariologists tended to minimize the historical significance of malaria. The revisionist tendencies of this second phase of research led to attempts to reassess some of the details of the evidence upon which Jones had relied. For example, Leonard Bruce-Chwatt and Julian de Zulueta rejected Jones's belief that Plasmodium falciparum, the most dangerous of the four species of human malaria, was already active in Greece in the fifth century BC. They suggested that it started to spread in southern Europe only during the time of the Roman Empire and attributed all the references to intermittent tertian fevers in Hippocratic texts dating to the fifth and fourth centuries BC to the less virulent P. vivax. Although the literature produced during this second phase of scholarship was in many ways more sophisticated, it still suffered from some of the same weaknesses; in particular, analysis proceeded in a purely qualitative manner, without any consideration of the effects of malaria on historical human populations in quantitative terms. A second weakness was a tendency to make generalizations covering the whole of Mediterranean Europe. Since many types of mosquito are incapable of transmitting malaria to humans, mosquito breeding sites do not occur everywhere, and many mosquitoes do not fly further than a few hundred yards from their breeding sites, malaria can only be really understood by micro-analyses, conducted at a very local level, of geography, hydrology, climate, competition between different species of mosquito for breeding sites, and human activities.
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Egidi, Gianluca, Sirio Cividino, Sabato Vinci, Adele Sateriano, and Rosanna Salvia. "Towards Local Forms of Sprawl: A Brief Reflection on Mediterranean Urbanization." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020582.
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Urban sprawl is a complex phenomenon that requires a comprehensive reflection on the most significant patterns and underlying processes. While the “sprawl” notion parallels hegemonic concepts such as economic competitiveness, social cohesion, and polycentric development, an integrated analysis of sprawl patterns and processes in paradigmatic socioeconomic contexts is increasingly required to reconcile different disciplinary visions, contributing to a holistic interpretation of metropolitan change. At the same time, sprawl is an increasingly evident product of local socioeconomic contexts all over the world. A comprehensive investigation of multifaceted, form–function relationships underlying sprawl—based on a quali-quantitative analysis of representative cases—is a crucial pre-requisite of both monitoring and policy actions at multiple spatial scales, from urban/regional to national/continental levels. The present contribution proposes a contextualization of the sprawl notion in Southern Europe—a socioeconomic context characterized by compact and continuous urbanization for a long time. An integrated approach based on a visual analysis of urban and peri-urban landscapes—integrated with an extended literature survey—allows for a definition of a specific sprawl model in Southern Europe, sharing some features with the United States ideal type of sprawl and showing peculiarities with respect to common models of urban dispersion typical of Northern and Western Europe. Policies aimed at containing urban dispersion may definitely benefit from a local-based definition of sprawl, considering the specificity of form–function relationships and the underlying socioeconomic context.
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Bunce, Valerie. "Rethinking Recent Democratization: Lessons from the Postcommunist Experience." World Politics 55, no. 2 (January 2003): 167–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wp.2003.0010.
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This study compares democratization in the postcommunist region (or the twenty-seven countries that emerged from the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe) in order to evaluate some of the assumptions and arguments in the literature on recent democratization in southern Europe and Latin America. Five conclusions are drawn, all of which challenge the received wisdom about democratization in southern Europe and Latin America. First, the uncertainty surrounding the postcommunist transitions to democracy varied significantly. This influenced, in turn, the strategies of transition and their payoffs. This also meant that the most successful transitions in the postcommunist context involved a sharp break with the old order. Second, popular mobilization often functioned to support the democratic project. Third, nationalist mobilization was also helpful, though this depended upon whether it began with the breakdown of authoritarian rule or had a longer history—with the latter compromising the democratic project. Fourth, if the timing of nationalist mobilization was critical for the success of democratization in those cases where such mobilization occurred, then the strength of the opposition was the key factor in the remaining cases. Finally, while democratic consolidation necessarily enhances the prospects for democratic sustainability, the failure to consolidate democracy does not necessarily threaten the continuation of democratic rule. Indeed, as in the Russian case, such a failure may prolong democratic rule. This suggests, in turn, that a key distinction must be made between the optimal conditions for democratization and optimal strategies.
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Calvo, Ángel. "Liberalisation of telecommunications and broadening of the value chain in Southern Europe. Telefónica, 1982–2000." History of science and technology 10, no. 2 (December 12, 2020): 185–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2020-10-2-185-216.
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This article deals with the opening of telecommunications to competition and its determinants in Spain, a country seriously committed to the monopoly. It is framed in the general scenario of an accelerated technological change driven by new materials, components and transmission systems, a sharp regulatory change and an extension of the value chain with new products and services, in particular data, mobile telephony and cable. Such properties fit perfectly with the time axis chosen which comprises the two last decades of the 20th century and coincide with a phase in which the protagonist company is facing the challenge not only of liberalisation but also of a profound change in the parameters of the market. The study focuses on Telefónica's response to new regulatory and market requirements. Methodologically, it revolves around the multidisciplinary nature, which integrates the approach of the history of technology understood as a system (Thomas P. Hugues and Melvin Kranzberg) and the economic and business history (Nathan Rosenberg). The text is structured in four sections that examine the persistence of the monopoly of Telefonica and liberalisation, the axes of Telefónica's transformation through global and strategic plans and the broadening of the value chain, focussed on the cable market. Some preliminary historical and technical issues and key elements in the evolution of the sector are addressed. The text attends to the relations between the market structure inherited from the monopoly and the process, from which the advantages of Telefónica with the rest of the companies emanate. The research rests mainly on primary sources of the company studied, twice as valuable because they are difficult to access by researchers and perfectly determined to grasp the company's strategy, as well as on reports from major international institutions and secondary literature. The conclusion deals with the methodological consideration of the close link between supply and demand-related factors.
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Grosescu, Raluca. "The use of transitology in the field of transitional justice: a critique of the literature on the 'third wave' of democratisation." Historein 15, no. 1 (December 3, 2015): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/historein.272.
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<p>This article analyses the role and the limits of transitology in framing transitional justice studies after the collapse of dictatorial regimes in Southern Europe, Latin America and Eastern Europe. It examines the evolution of the scholarship with reference to three main topics that have been pioneered by transitologists and developed further by transitional justice scholars, namely: the connections between justice for past abuses and democratisation; the determinants of transitional justice; and the relationship between accountability and the passage of time. The article argues that while transitology has nurtured important research initiatives in the field of transitional justice, its approaches suffer from serious shortcomings. They remained overly prescriptive and short-term in focus, and they often dehistoricised social phenomena. Adopting a teleological perspective on transitions supposedly bound for democracy, they overlooked comparisons and interconnections between transitional justice processes originating in democratic contexts and those arising from dictatorial settings. Moreover, in their attempt to build general typologies and establish causalities between types of dictatorial regimes, exit modes from authoritarianism and justice mechanisms, transitological approaches often failed to explain the peculiarities of national cases, and likewise paid scant attention to international contexts and transnational interactions.</p>
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Vieites-Blanco, Cristina, and Serafín J. González-Prieto. "Invasiveness, ecological impacts and control of acacias in southwestern Europe – a review." Web Ecology 20, no. 2 (July 9, 2020): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-20-33-2020.
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Abstract. The most prolific acacias in southern Europe (Acacia dealbata, A. melanoxylon and A. longifolia) are rapidly spreading in its westernmost area: Portugal and NW Spain, where congeners with invasion potential are already established. We performed a bibliographic search of acacia invasions in southern Europe and used spatial data on acacia distribution and abiotic parameters in Iberia to check the influence of abiotic factors on acacia invasion. According to our results, in Iberia A. dealbata and A. melanoxylon seem limited by high soil pH (pHCaCl2>5.5), frequent frosts (>21 to 40 d yr−1) and low annual precipitation (<500 to 1000 mm); data were inconclusive for A. longifolia, while A. saligna prefers neutral soils in the driest and warmest areas. The percentage of area occupied by A. dealbata and A. melanoxylon increases significantly with the percentage of burnt surface. In the literature, acacias' invasiveness is usually attributed to their high resprouting and seeding capacity and to native exclusion through their allelopathic potential; symbiotic promiscuity with rhizobia; high environmental plasticity; and adaptation to burnt, cleared and resource-poor land. However, it is unknown how acacias became so invasive in western Iberia, where native Fabaceae shrubs with similar ecological traits (and invaders outside their natural range) are abundant. Invasive acacias can modify fire and water regimes, aboveground biodiversity, and topsoil characteristics (microbial communities, pH, organic matter and macronutrients levels); nevertheless, sound comparisons with mature stands of Iberian legumes for these and other soil properties (N fluxes, micronutrients) are lacking. As several acacias outcompete Iberian Fabaceae shrubs partly thanks to enemy release, the introduction of biocontrol agents (as for A. longifolia in Portugal) can be useful for invasion control.
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Natalizia, Gabriele. "Black knight as a strategic choice? Causes and modes of Russia's support to the authoritarianism in Southern Caucasus." Italian Political Science Review/Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica 49, no. 2 (May 14, 2019): 175–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipo.2019.5.
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AbstractDespite recurring elections and the transition to multiparty systems, authoritarianism has re-emerged in the Post-Soviet Space. Along with domestic factors, the external dimension should also be considered to fully understand this regional trend. Scholars depict Russia as a typical ‘black knight’ for democracy. While most of the literature deals with the Kremlin's policies in the ‘new’ Eastern Europe, this article pays attention to Russia's actions in the relatively understudied Southern Caucasus. Specifically, it investigates why and how Moscow tried to thwart democratization in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. The diachronic analysis addresses three periods, namely, Yeltsin's presidency, the first Putin presidency and the Putin–Medvedev diarchy. Findings suggest that the Kremlin implemented an increasingly nuanced and intentional black knight strategy in Southern Caucasus, aimed at gaining primacy in the Post-Soviet Space and recognition of its great power status.
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García Navarro, María del Mar, and Carmen García Navarro. "Sub-Saharan women trafficked for sexual exploitation: A transdisciplinary approach from the paradigm of resilience." Investigaciones Feministas 12, no. 2 (June 18, 2021): 601–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/infe.72056.
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Introduction. Human trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation is a growing social problem in today’s democratic societies, affecting mainly girls and women (Eurostat, 2018). It is also a crime (Palermo protocol [UN, 2000]), a violation of human rights, and a manifestation of gender-based violence (UN’s Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women [UN, 1993]), and a type of slavery (Correa, 2011) against the most impoverished women. Purpose. In this article, we focus on the sub-Saharan trafficked women who come to southern Europe via the human trafficking routes that cross northern Africa going through places such as Lagos, Tinzaouaten (Mali), Tamanrrasset (Argelia), the Sahara Desert, and different Moroccan cities, before reaching Europe over the Southern Spanish coastline. Ew show the resources used by these women when going through the said contexts of exploitation and forced prostitution. Methodology. Our research reviews the existing literature taking resilience as a pivotal point that is present in various areas of knowledge, including psychology and literature, among others. It allows us to show a change of perspective in this matter, by making these women visible in terms of their capacities. Results. We show examples, from different fields of knowledge and disciplines, of women who, having lived in these contexts, have carried out processes of fortitude, recovery, and personal growth. A new glimpse of this phenomenon and of these processes is studied, from a scarcely researched perspective to this day. Contribution. The originality of this analysis contributes a new understanding of the capacity of resilience of this population, despite the adverse conditions of their migratory experience
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Emanuel Rota. "THE WORKER AND THE SOUTHERNER: THE INVENTION OF LAZINESS AND THE REPRESENTATION OF SOUTHERN EUROPE IN THE AGE OF THE INDUSTRIOUS REVOLUTIONS." Cultural Critique 82 (2012): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.5749/culturalcritique.82.2012.0128.
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Cornelius, Annika, Andreas M. Waser, Christian Buschbaum, and David W. Thieltges. "First record of the endoparasitic isopod Portunion maenadis (Giard, 1886) (Epicaridea: Entoniscidae) in shore crabs in the Wadden Sea and a review of its distribution in Europe." Marine Biodiversity 49, no. 6 (November 19, 2019): 2931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12526-019-01012-3.
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AbstractThe knowledge on the distribution and abundance of marine parasites is still limited, even for those occurring on relatively well studied host species with high ecological importance. Here we report on the first record of the entoniscid Portunion maenadis (Giard, 1886) in European shore crabs (Carcinus maenas L., 1758) in the Wadden Sea and provide a quantitative review of the parasite’s distribution in Europe based on published literature and biodiversity database records. Our new record closes a distribution gap of P. maenadis between previous southern observations in Portugal and France and northern occurrences in Denmark and Sweden. The additional literature survey suggests that P. maenadis is not very common and only occurs at scattered localities with prevalence of infestations usually well below 10% in host crab populations. However, the 45% prevalence observed in our study in November 2018 in the southern Wadden Sea indicates that also higher prevalences can occur. As the adult parasites feed on their host’s hemolymph they are likely to have consequences for the host’s energy budgets. In addition, infestations lead to morphological changes in the form of feminisation of male crabs (i.e. broader pleon, slender claws, bulging carapace) which we observed in several individuals. With this new record and literature review, we hope to spark future research into the distribution of this intriguing parasite species as well as on the impacts of infestations on shore crab hosts.
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Oskyrko, Oleksandra, and Daniel Jablonski. "The first comprehensive data on the distribution of reptiles within the Southern Bug eco-corridor, Ukraine." Herpetozoa 34 (April 26, 2021): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.34.e62459.
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This study provides distribution data for 12 species of reptiles in the Southern Bug eco-corridor located within the steppe zone, Mykolaiv Oblast (province), Ukraine. We compiled 935 records from published literature (324), from public databases (68), and from 12 field surveys we made in 2016–2020 (543). All records were mapped on to a grid of 10×10 km, representing the 294 cells of the studied area. We present new distributional data for Podarcis tauricus. For all the other species, our records add new localities that fall within areas where these reptiles were previously reported. Species richness and Shannon’s H’ index show that herpetofauna diversity was higher in the areas along the Southern Bug River. The maximum number of records within a single cell was 118 (for 10 species) in this oblast. Also the high number of identified reptile chorotypes (nine) within the Mykolaiv Oblast revealed that southern Ukraine is an important zoogeographical territory in Europe. These data provide the basis for future biogeographical and ecological studies and conservation priorities.
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Chiriacò, Maria Vincenza, Lucia Perugini, Dora Cimini, Enrico D'Amato, Riccardo Valentini, Giovanni Bovio, Piermaria Corona, and Anna Barbati. "Comparison of approaches for reporting forest fire-related biomass loss and greenhouse gas emissions in southern Europe." International Journal of Wildland Fire 22, no. 6 (2013): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf12011.
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Wildfires are the most common disturbances in Mediterranean forest ecosystems that cause significant emissions of greenhouse gases as a result of biomass burning. Despite this, there is reasonably high uncertainty regarding the actual fraction of burnt biomass and the related CO2 and non-CO2 gas emissions released during forest fires. The aim of this paper is to compare existing methodologies adopted in the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory reports of five of the most fire-affected countries of southern Europe (Italy, Spain, Greece, Portugal, France) with those proposed in the literature, to operationally estimate forest fire emissions, and to discuss current perspectives on reducing uncertainties in reporting activities for the Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry sector under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol. Five selected approaches have been experimentally applied for the estimation of burnt biomass in forest fire events that occurred in Italy in the period 2008–2010. Approaches based on nominal rates of biomass loss can lead to an overly conservative value or, conversely, to underestimation of the fraction of burnt biomass. Uncertainties can be greatly reduced by an operational method able to assess inter-annual and local variability of fire effects on fire-affected forest types.
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Lindskog, Per, and Bert Viklund. "On Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling) and Pinalitus atomarius (Meyer-Dür) in Sweden (Heteroptera: Miridae)." Entomologica Fennica 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2000): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.84072.
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Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling) and Pinalitus atomarius (Meyer-Dür) are recently recorded as new to Sweden from the Stockholm area, even though both have previously been mistakingly listed from Sweden in the World catalogue of Miridae by Schuh (1995). The predatory species D. lutescens, first caught in 1990, is evidently a newcomer and a southern immigrant to the Swedish fauna, currently occurring commonly on its preferred host trees in city parks and suburban areas of Stockholm. P. atomarius, a phytophagous species associated with conifers, was collected, locally in large numbers, on silver fir, Abies alba. The latter, recognized here as the primary host-plant of P. atomarius, is not native to Sweden or neighbouring countries, but planted for ornamental purposes. Biological and distributional data on the two species are summarized and notes on their taxonomy and current classification are given. Literature records indicate a recent, northward expansion of some more southerly species of Heteroptera, mainly several arboreal Miridae, noted also in other parts of Western Europe.
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Moyo, Busani. "Crime and the Regional Disparities in Tourist Inflows: A Case Study of South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 5, no. 6 (June 30, 2013): 356–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v5i6.411.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of crime proxied by different indicators on regional tourist inflows to South Africa. The estimations are carried out using the Johansen estimation techniques. Monthly data gathered from March 2003 to April 2011 is employed and the results from the estimations found that total crime has a negative effect on tourists from Africa, North America, Central and Southern America, West and Southern Europe. However, the level of crime in the country appears to have no influence at all to tourist from the Middle East whilst those from Asia are more sensitive to the level of sexual crime. At the different categories of crime investigated, tourists react differently. In line with the findings of the existing literature, the real exchange rate and world income remain to have a significant effect on tourist inflows from most of the regions.
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Font, Nuria, Paolo Graziano, and Myrto Tsakatika. "Varieties of Inclusionary Populism? SYRIZA, Podemos and the Five Star Movement." Government and Opposition 56, no. 1 (May 8, 2019): 163–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/gov.2019.17.
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AbstractOver the past years, parties often described as populist, such as SYRIZA in Greece, the Five Star Movement (FSM) in Italy and Podemos in Spain have made significant electoral breakthroughs, unsettling well-established party systems. In the literature, inclusionary populism has primarily been applied to Latin America whereas the three Southern European parties have been examined individually, but not in comparative perspective. The purpose of this article is to provide a comparative analysis, based on an original electoral manifestos content analysis, aimed at unveiling the ‘inclusionary populism’ features of the ‘new’ political parties that have emerged in Southern Europe. By focusing on the 2012–16 period, the article shows that the inclusionary category can be fruitfully applied also to European political parties; it finds different degrees of inclusionary populism (namely between SYRIZA and Podemos); and it proves that the FSM falls between the two exclusionary vs. inclusionary poles.
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Teulon, David A. J., and Bingqin Xu. "Biosecurity risks from stink bugs to New Zealand kiwifruit identified in Chinese language literature." New Zealand Plant Protection 71 (July 28, 2018): 140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2018.71.163.
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Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), native to Asia including China, is a major invasive horticultural and crop pest in North America and Europe, and now threatens the southern hemisphere. BMSB has not established in New Zealand although it is regularly intercepted at its borders. Relatively little is known about the impact of BMSB on kiwifruit, an important horticultural crop in New Zealand; at least in English language literature. Searches were conducted in the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) platform using Chinese characters for BMSB (茶翅è½) and kiwifruit (猕猴桃), and also in English, in international platforms. We identified 17 and eight publications, respectively, indicating that BMSB and yellow spotted stinkbug (YSSB) (éº»çš®è½ and 黄斑è½) are major pests of kiwifruit in China. Little information on BMSB or YSSB and their pest status in kiwifruit was found in English language searches in international platforms. Searching Chinese databases with Chinese characters in combination with searches in international databases is necessary to ensure comprehensive coverage for biosecurity risk assessment.
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Zaidi, Asghar, Katrin Gasior, Eszter Zolyomi, Andrea Schmidt, Ricardo Rodrigues, and Bernd Marin. "Measuring active and healthy ageing in Europe." Journal of European Social Policy 27, no. 2 (January 8, 2017): 138–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928716676550.
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The active and healthy ageing measure reported here is calculated for the 28 European Union countries, with a specific focus on the current generation of older people and by using the latest data from multiple surveys. It covers diverse aspects of active and healthy ageing, by measuring older people’s contribution with respect to not just employment but also their unpaid familial, social and cultural contributions and their independent, healthy and secure living. The article presents the first-of-its-kind quantitative measure of active and healthy ageing in the literature on active and healthy ageing which hitherto has focused largely on concepts, definitions and public policy strategies. In this pursuit, an important contribution of this measure, referred to as the Active Ageing Index (‘AAI’), is that it also captures how countries differ with respect to capacity and enabling environments for active and healthy ageing. The AAI offers a breakdown not just by four domains of active and healthy ageing but also by gender. Key findings are that Sweden comes at the top of the country ranking, followed closely by Denmark, the United Kingdom, Finland, the Netherlands and Ireland. The four southern European countries (Italy, Portugal, Spain and Malta) are middle-ranked countries. Greece and many of the Central European countries are at the bottom, highlighting much greater untapped potentials of active and healthy ageing among older people in these countries and a need for greater policy efforts. Women fare worse than men in most countries, identifying a need for an emphasis on reducing gender disparity in experiences of active and healthy ageing. The AAI tool developed has the potential to identify the social policy mechanisms behind the differential achievements of active and healthy ageing, for example, what active and healthy ageing strategies have driven top performers, and in what respect the bottom-ranked countries have lagged behind.
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ARRAGONI, S., L. P. FERNÁNDEZ, A. CUESTA, M. MAGGI, P. CIANFARRA, and F. SALVINI. "Origin of exotic clasts in the Central-Southern Apennines: clues to the Cenozoic fold-and-thrust collisional belt in the Central Mediterranean area." Geological Magazine 155, no. 2 (October 30, 2017): 479–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756817000930.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe Central-Southern Apennines are the result of the collision between Europe and Africa. Despite the volume of existing literature, many problems remain unsolved such as the presence of Tertiary conglomerates containing exotic basement clasts. The lack of basement rocks in the Central-Southern Apennines implies that the origin of these clasts has to be sought in areas where the basement is extensively exposed. These include the Calabro–Peloritani arc and the Sardinia–Corsica block, which in Cenozoic time were connected to the Central-Southern Apennines. In this work we present the results of sedimentary, geochemical and petrographic analyses performed on the exotic basement-derived clasts. These analyses include lithological, major- and minor-element and rare Earth element compositions which are compared to analogous rocks from Calabria and Sardinia basements. Results indicate Eastern Sardinia as the primary source area for the studied conglomeratic units, linking the Central-Southern Apennines sedimentary cover to the Mesozoic carbonates of Eastern Sardinia prior to the opening of Tyrrhenian Sea. The Cilento unit (Campania) was directly fed by an uplifting Cenozoic orogen, and the Filettino, Gavignano (Latium) and Ariano Irpino (Campania) units were produced by the successive reworking of ‘Cilento-like’ sedimentary units. These results may imply that part of the Central-Southern Apennines represented a portion of the European margin of the Tethys.