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Journal articles on the topic 'Southern Hemisphere – Climate'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Pittock, A. B., and M. J. Salinger. "Southern Hemisphere climate scenarios." Climatic Change 18, no. 2-3 (1991): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00138998.

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2

Salinger, MJ, and PD Jones. "Southern Hemisphere climate: the modern record." Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania 130, no. 2 (1996): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.26749/rstpp.130.2.101.

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3

Morgan, Vin. "A new Southern Hemisphere climate clock." Quaternary Science Reviews 24, no. 12-13 (2005): 1331–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.04.001.

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4

MAYEWSKI, P. A., T. BRACEGIRDLE, I. GOODWIN, et al. "Potential for Southern Hemisphere climate surprises." Journal of Quaternary Science 30, no. 5 (2015): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2794.

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5

Wang, Ye, and Xiaodong Yan. "Climate change induced by Southern Hemisphere desertification." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 102 (December 2017): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2016.03.009.

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6

Son, Seok-Woo, Neil F. Tandon, Lorenzo M. Polvani, and Darryn W. Waugh. "Ozone hole and Southern Hemisphere climate change." Geophysical Research Letters 36, no. 15 (2009): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009gl038671.

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7

Thompson, D. W. J. "Interpretation of Recent Southern Hemisphere Climate Change." Science 296, no. 5569 (2002): 895–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1069270.

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8

Gillett, N. P. "Simulation of Recent Southern Hemisphere Climate Change." Science 302, no. 5643 (2003): 273–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1087440.

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9

Zuo, Meng, Tianjun Zhou, and Wenmin Man. "Hydroclimate Responses over Global Monsoon Regions Following Volcanic Eruptions at Different Latitudes." Journal of Climate 32, no. 14 (2019): 4367–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0707.1.

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Abstract Understanding the influence of volcanic eruptions on the hydroclimate over global monsoon regions is of great scientific and social importance. However, the link between the latitude of volcanic eruptions and related hydroclimate changes over global monsoon regions in the last millennium remains inconclusive. Here we show divergent hydroclimate responses after different volcanic eruptions based on large sets of reconstructions, observations, and climate model simulation. Both the proxy and observations show that Northern Hemispheric (Southern Hemispheric) monsoon precipitation is weak

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Butt, Nathalie. "Geographical bias constrains global knowledge of phenological change." Pacific Conservation Biology 25, no. 4 (2019): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc18073.

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Climate change is already driving shifts in phenology, the timing of life-history events such as flowering, fruiting, egg-laying, birth, and migration, and this is set to increase. Although climate change is happening, and will continue to happen, globally, most of our ecological knowledge around its potential impacts on phenology is derived from temperate areas and ecosystems in the Northern Hemisphere, and information from the Southern Hemisphere is greatly lacking. This would not be a problem if biomes, ecosystems, species assemblages and species were the same in the Northern and Southern H

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11

He, Feng, Jeremy D. Shakun, Peter U. Clark, et al. "Northern Hemisphere forcing of Southern Hemisphere climate during the last deglaciation." Nature 494, no. 7435 (2013): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature11822.

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12

Jones, T. R., W. H. G. Roberts, E. J. Steig, K. M. Cuffey, B. R. Markle, and J. W. C. White. "Southern Hemisphere climate variability forced by Northern Hemisphere ice-sheet topography." Nature 554, no. 7692 (2018): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature24669.

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13

Voigt, Aiko, Bjorn Stevens, Jürgen Bader, and Thorsten Mauritsen. "The Observed Hemispheric Symmetry in Reflected Shortwave Irradiance." Journal of Climate 26, no. 2 (2013): 468–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00132.1.

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Abstract While the concentration of landmasses and atmospheric aerosols on the Northern Hemisphere suggests that the Northern Hemisphere is brighter than the Southern Hemisphere, satellite measurements of top-of-atmosphere irradiances found that both hemispheres reflect nearly the same amount of shortwave irradiance. Here, the authors document that the most precise and accurate observation, the energy balanced and filled dataset of the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System covering the period 2000–10, measures an absolute hemispheric difference in reflected shortwave irradiance of 0.1 W

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14

Verdon-Kidd, D. C., and A. S. Kiem. "Synchronicity of historical dry spells in the Southern Hemisphere." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 6 (2014): 2257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2257-2014.

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Abstract. A shift in climate occurred during the mid-1970s that affected the hydroclimate of the Southern Hemisphere resulting in drying trends across continental regions including Australia, New Zealand and southern and western Africa. There is also anecdotal evidence of other periods of climatic synchronicity in the Southern Hemisphere (e.g., the 1920s and 1940s), indicating that the mid-1970s event may not be anomalous. This paper identifies periods within the last ~120 years using statistical analysis where dry spells (in terms of annual to multi-decadal rainfall deficiencies) have coincid

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15

Verdon-Kidd, D. C., and A. S. Kiem. "Synchronicity of historical dry spells in the Southern Hemisphere." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 10, no. 12 (2013): 14571–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-14571-2013.

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Abstract. A shift in climate occurred during the mid-1970s that affected the hydroclimate of the Southern Hemisphere resulting in drying trends across continental regions including Australia, New Zealand and southern and western Africa. There is also anecdotal evidence of other periods of climatic synchronicity in the Southern Hemisphere (e.g. the 1920s and 1940s), indicating that the mid 1970s event may not be anomalous. This paper identifies periods within the last ~120 yr using statistical analysis where dry spells (in terms of annual to multi-decadal rainfall deficiencies) have coincided a

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16

Mayewski, P. A., and K. A. Maasch. "Recent warming inconsistent with natural association between temperature and atmospheric circulation over the last 2000 years." Climate of the Past Discussions 2, no. 3 (2006): 327–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-2-327-2006.

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Abstract. Comparison between proxies for atmospheric circulation and temperature reveals associations over the last few decades that are inconsistent with those of the past 2000 years. Notably, patterns of middle to high latitude atmospheric circulation in both hemispheres are still within the range of variability of the last 6–10 centuries while, as demonstrated by Mann and Jones (2003), Northern Hemisphere temperatures over recent decades are the highest of the last 2000 years. Further, recent temperature change precedes change in middle to high latitude atmospheric circulation unlike the tw

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17

Naud, Catherine M., Derek J. Posselt, and Susan C. van den Heever. "Observational Analysis of Cloud and Precipitation in Midlatitude Cyclones: Northern versus Southern Hemisphere Warm Fronts." Journal of Climate 25, no. 14 (2012): 5135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00569.1.

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Abstract Extratropical cyclones are responsible for most of the precipitation and wind damage in the midlatitudes during the cold season, but there are still uncertainties on how they will change in a warming climate. A ubiquitous problem among general circulation models (GCMs) is a lack of cloudiness over the southern oceans that may be in part caused by a lack of clouds in cyclones. This study analyzes CloudSat, Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO), and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) observations for three au

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18

Guo, Z. T., A. Berger, Q. Z. Yin, and L. Qin. "Strong asymmetry of hemispheric climates during MIS-13 inferred from correlating China loess and Antarctica ice records." Climate of the Past Discussions 4, no. 5 (2008): 1061–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-4-1061-2008.

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Abstract. The loess-soil sequence in northern China is among the best long-term terrestrial climate records in the Northern Hemisphere that documented the history of the Asian summer and winter monsoon circulations, dust emission and aridity of inland deserts. In the Southern Hemisphere, the Antarctica ice cores provided a 800-thousand year (ka) history of the atmospheric methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, eolian dust and Antarctica temperature. We correlate the two records to address the hemispheric climate link in the past 800 ka and the potential roles of Asian dust and

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19

Silvestri, Gabriel, and Carolina Vera. "Nonstationary Impacts of the Southern Annular Mode on Southern Hemisphere Climate." Journal of Climate 22, no. 22 (2009): 6142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jcli3036.1.

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Abstract The temporal stability of the southern annular mode (SAM) impacts on Southern Hemisphere climate during austral spring is analyzed. Results show changes in the typical hemispheric circulation pattern associated with SAM, particularly over South America and Australia, between the 1960s–70s and 1980s–90s. In the first decades, the SAM positive phase is associated with an anomalous anticyclonic circulation developed in the southwestern subtropical Atlantic that enhances moisture advection and promotes precipitation increase over southeastern South America (SESA). On the other hand, durin

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20

Timmermann, Axel, Oliver Timm, Lowell Stott, and Laurie Menviel. "The Roles of CO2 and Orbital Forcing in Driving Southern Hemispheric Temperature Variations during the Last 21 000 Yr*." Journal of Climate 22, no. 7 (2009): 1626–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jcli2161.1.

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Abstract Transient climate model simulations covering the last 21 000 yr reveal that orbitally driven insolation changes in the Southern Hemisphere, combined with a rise in atmospheric pCO2, were sufficient to jump-start the deglacial warming around Antarctica without direct Northern Hemispheric triggers. Analyses of sensitivity experiments forced with only one external forcing component (greenhouse gases, ice-sheet forcing, or orbital forcing) demonstrate that austral spring insolation changes triggered an early retreat of Southern Ocean sea ice starting around 19–18 ka BP. The associated sea

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21

Wüst, R. "Southern Hemisphere Climate Change: Re-coring Lynch’s Crater." PAGES news 13, no. 1 (2005): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22498/pages.13.1.9.

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22

Schloesser, Fabian, Tobias Friedrich, Axel Timmermann, Robert M. DeConto, and David Pollard. "Antarctic iceberg impacts on future Southern Hemisphere climate." Nature Climate Change 9, no. 9 (2019): 672–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0546-1.

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23

Zillman, John W. "Climate and Global Change—A Southern Hemisphere Perspective." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 74, no. 7 (1993): 1381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0477-74.7.1381.

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24

Fyfe, John C. "Extratropical Southern Hemisphere Cyclones: Harbingers of Climate Change?" Journal of Climate 16, no. 17 (2003): 2802–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<2802:eshcho>2.0.co;2.

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25

Mayewski, Paul Andrew. "Antarctic oversnow traverse-based southern hemisphere climate reconstruction." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 84, no. 22 (2003): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003eo220002.

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26

Thompson, David W. J., Mark P. Baldwin, and Susan Solomon. "Stratosphere–Troposphere Coupling in the Southern Hemisphere." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 62, no. 3 (2005): 708–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-3321.1.

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Abstract This study examines the temporal evolution of the tropospheric circulation following large-amplitude variations in the strength of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) stratospheric polar vortex in data from 1979 to 2001 and following the SH sudden stratospheric warming of 2002. In both cases, anomalies in the strength of the SH stratospheric polar vortex precede similarly signed anomalies in the tropospheric circulation that persist for more than 2 months. The SH tropospheric circulation anomalies reflect a bias in the polarity of the SH annular mode (SAM), a large-scale pattern of climate v

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27

Trenberth, Kevin E., and John T. Fasullo. "Simulation of Present-Day and Twenty-First-Century Energy Budgets of the Southern Oceans." Journal of Climate 23, no. 2 (2010): 440–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jcli3152.1.

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Abstract The energy budget of the modern-day Southern Hemisphere is poorly simulated in both state-of-the-art reanalyses and coupled global climate models. The ocean-dominated Southern Hemisphere has low surface reflectivity and therefore its albedo is particularly sensitive to cloud cover. In modern-day climates, mainly because of systematic deficiencies in cloud and albedo at mid- and high latitudes, too much solar radiation enters the ocean. Along with too little radiation absorbed at lower latitudes because of clouds that are too bright, unrealistically weak poleward transports of energy b

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28

Mariani, Michela, Andrés Holz, Thomas T. Veblen, Grant Williamson, Michael-Shawn Fletcher, and David M. J. S. Bowman. "Climate Change Amplifications of Climate-Fire Teleconnections in the Southern Hemisphere." Geophysical Research Letters 45, no. 10 (2018): 5071–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018gl078294.

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29

Roychowdhury, Rajarshi, and Robert DeConto. "Interhemispheric effect of global geography on Earth's climate response to orbital forcing." Climate of the Past 15, no. 1 (2019): 377–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-377-2019.

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Abstract. The climate response of the Earth to orbital forcing shows a distinct hemispheric asymmetry due to the unequal distribution of land in the Northern Hemisphere versus Southern Hemisphere. This asymmetry is examined using a global climate model (GCM) for different climate responses such as mean summer temperatures and positive degree days. A land asymmetry effect (LAE) is quantified for each hemisphere and the results show how changes in obliquity and precession translate into variations in the calculated LAE. We find that the global climate response to specific past orbits is likely u

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30

Guo, Z. T., A. Berger, Q. Z. Yin, and L. Qin. "Strong asymmetry of hemispheric climates during MIS-13 inferred from correlating China loess and Antarctica ice records." Climate of the Past 5, no. 1 (2009): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-5-21-2009.

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Abstract. We correlate the China loess and Antarctica ice records to address the inter-hemispheric climate link over the past 800 ka. The results show a broad coupling between Asian and Antarctic climates at the glacial-interglacial scale. However, a number of decoupled aspects are revealed, among which marine isotope stage (MIS) 13 exhibits a strong anomaly compared with the other interglacials. It is characterized by unusually positive benthic oxygen (δ18O) and carbon isotope (δ13C) values in the world oceans, cooler Antarctic temperature, lower summer sea surface temperature in the South At

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31

Gent, Peter R., and Gokhan Danabasoglu. "Response to Increasing Southern Hemisphere Winds in CCSM4." Journal of Climate 24, no. 19 (2011): 4992–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-10-05011.1.

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Results from two perturbation experiments using the Community Climate System Model version 4 where the Southern Hemisphere zonal wind stress is increased are described. It is shown that the ocean response is in accord with experiments using much-higher-resolution ocean models that do not use an eddy parameterization. The key to obtaining an appropriate response in the coarse-resolution climate model is to specify a variable coefficient in the Gent and McWilliams eddy parameterization, rather than a constant value. This result contrasts with several recent papers that have suggested that coarse

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32

McCoy, Isabel L., Daniel T. McCoy, Robert Wood, et al. "The hemispheric contrast in cloud microphysical properties constrains aerosol forcing." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 32 (2020): 18998–9006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922502117.

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The change in planetary albedo due to aerosol−cloud interactions during the industrial era is the leading source of uncertainty in inferring Earth’s climate sensitivity to increased greenhouse gases from the historical record. The variable that controls aerosol−cloud interactions in warm clouds is droplet number concentration. Global climate models demonstrate that the present-day hemispheric contrast in cloud droplet number concentration between the pristine Southern Hemisphere and the polluted Northern Hemisphere oceans can be used as a proxy for anthropogenically driven change in cloud drop

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33

Swedan, Nabil H. "Parameterization of energy cycles between the hemispheres." Science Progress 103, no. 2 (2020): 003685042092277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0036850420922773.

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Seasonal variations in the temperatures of the hemispheres induce seasonal energy cycles between the hemispheres that drive tropical cyclones. Because the northern hemisphere has warmed more than the southern hemisphere, climate energy cycles develop between the hemispheres as well. The seasonal and climate energy cycles appear to interact among themselves, and tropical cyclone counts are affected by these interactions. Furthermore, the total number of tropical cyclones appears to have an increasing trend. The annual energy of tropical cyclones is nearly 1.46 × 1022 J yr−1, and climate cycle e

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34

Castillo-Jordán, Claudio, Neil L. Klaer, Geoffrey N. Tuck, et al. "Coincident recruitment patterns of Southern Hemisphere fishes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 73, no. 2 (2016): 270–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0069.

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Three dominant recruitment patterns were identified across 30 stocks from Australia, New Zealand, Chile, South Africa, and the Falkland Islands using data from 1980 to 2010. Cluster and dynamic factor analysis provided similar groupings. Stocks exhibited a detectable degree of synchrony among species, in particular the hakes and lings from Australia, New Zealand, Chile, and South Africa. We tested three climate indices, the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO), Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), to explore their relationship with fish stock recruitment pattern

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35

Heusser, Calvin J. "Polar Perspective of Late-Quaternary Climates in the Southern Hemisphere." Quaternary Research 32, no. 1 (1989): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(89)90032-x.

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AbstractLate-Quaternary paleoecological and glacial evidence from the higher latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere implies overall uniformity of large-scale glacial and interglacial climatic fluctuations for the past 40,000 yr. Climate of the last glacial maximum, variously dated between 30,000 and 11,000 yr B.P., was relatively cold and dry compared with the warmer, more humid climate of the Holocene and the interstade preceding the last glacial maximum. Conditions were apparently coldest during millennia centered around 20,000 yr B.P. and warmest in the early Holocene. Recorded small-scale fl

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36

Steig, Eric J., and Richard B. Alley. "Phase relationships between Antarctic and Greenland climate records." Annals of Glaciology 35 (2002): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756402781817211.

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AbstractComparison of climate records from Antarctic and Greenland ice cores shows that the two regions respond asynchronously during millennial-scale climate changes. the apparent out-of-phase relationship between the records has been described as a climate ``seesaw’’ in which cooling in the Northern Hemisphere is balanced by warming in the Southern Hemisphere. the same relationship has also been attributed to the initiation of climate-change events in the Southern Hemisphere, rather than the North Atlantic as is conventionally assumed. A simple statistical approach−band-pass filtering combin

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37

Müller, A. "Southern Hemisphere Climate Modes: ENSO and Indian Ocean Dipole." PAGES news 12, no. 3 (2004): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22498/pages.12.3.18a.

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38

Frederiksen, Jorgen Segerlund, and Carsten Segerlund Frederiksen. "Role of dynamical modes in changing southern hemisphere climate." ANZIAM Journal 51 (May 4, 2011): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21914/anziamj.v52i0.3892.

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39

Campbell, Ethan C., Earle A. Wilson, G. W. Kent Moore, et al. "Antarctic offshore polynyas linked to Southern Hemisphere climate anomalies." Nature 570, no. 7761 (2019): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1294-0.

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40

Rathmann, Joachim, and Jucundus Jacobeit. "Solar Signals in Southern Hemisphere African Climate Since 1901." Advanced Science Letters 2, no. 1 (2009): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2009.319.

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41

Arienzo, M. M., J. R. McConnell, L. N. Murphy, et al. "Holocene black carbon in Antarctica paralleled Southern Hemisphere climate." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 122, no. 13 (2017): 6713–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017jd026599.

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42

Tucker, G. B. "Confidence in modelling future climate: A Southern Hemisphere perspective." Climatic Change 18, no. 2-3 (1991): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00138997.

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43

Thresher, Ronald E. "Solar correlates of Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude climate variability." International Journal of Climatology 22, no. 8 (2002): 901–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.768.

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Braesicke, P., J. Keeble, X. Yang, et al. "Circulation anomalies in the Southern Hemisphere and ozone changes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 21 (2013): 10677–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-10677-2013.

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Abstract. We report results from two pairs of chemistry-climate model simulations using the same climate model but different chemical perturbations. In each pair of experiments an ozone change was triggered by a simple change in the chemistry. One pair of model experiments looked at the impact of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) and the other pair at the impact of short-lived halogenated species on composition and circulation. The model response is complex with both positive and negative changes in ozone concentration, depending on location. These changes result from coupling between composit

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Li, Hanying, Hai Cheng, Ashish Sinha, et al. "Hydro-climatic variability in the southwestern Indian Ocean between 6000 and 3000 years ago." Climate of the Past 14, no. 12 (2018): 1881–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-1881-2018.

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Abstract. The “4.2 ka event” is frequently described as a major global climate anomaly between 4.2 and 3.9 ka, which defines the beginning of the current Meghalayan age in the Holocene epoch. The “event” has been disproportionately reported from proxy records from the Northern Hemisphere, but its climatic manifestation remains much less clear in the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we present highly resolved and chronologically well-constrained speleothem oxygen and carbon isotopes records between ∼6 and 3 ka from Rodrigues Island in the southwestern subtropical Indian Ocean, located ∼600 km east of

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46

Kurzke, H., M. V. Kurgansky, K. Dethloff, et al. "Simulating Southern Hemisphere extra-tropical climate variability with an idealized coupled atmosphere-ocean model." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 4, no. 3 (2011): 1907–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-4-1907-2011.

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Abstract. The design and implementation of a simplified coupled atmosphere-ocean model over mid and high Southern Hemisphere latitudes are described. The development of the model is motivated by the clear indications of important low-frequency variability of extratropical origin in atmosphere-only models and the crucial role of atmosphere-ocean interaction in altering and shaping the climate variability on decadal and multidecadal time-scales. The basic model consists of an idealized quasi-geostrophic model of Southern Hemisphere's wintertime atmospheric circulation coupled to a general ocean

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47

Kay, Jennifer E., Casey Wall, Vineel Yettella, et al. "Global Climate Impacts of Fixing the Southern Ocean Shortwave Radiation Bias in the Community Earth System Model (CESM)." Journal of Climate 29, no. 12 (2016): 4617–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0358.1.

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Abstract A large, long-standing, and pervasive climate model bias is excessive absorbed shortwave radiation (ASR) over the midlatitude oceans, especially the Southern Ocean. This study investigates both the underlying mechanisms for and climate impacts of this bias within the Community Earth System Model, version 1, with the Community Atmosphere Model, version 5 [CESM1(CAM5)]. Excessive Southern Ocean ASR in CESM1(CAM5) results in part because low-level clouds contain insufficient amounts of supercooled liquid. In a present-day atmosphere-only run, an observationally motivated modification to

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48

Holz, Andrés, Juan Paritsis, Ignacio A. Mundo, et al. "Southern Annular Mode drives multicentury wildfire activity in southern South America." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 36 (2017): 9552–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705168114.

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The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is the main driver of climate variability at mid to high latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere, affecting wildfire activity, which in turn pollutes the air and contributes to human health problems and mortality, and potentially provides strong feedback to the climate system through emissions and land cover changes. Here we report the largest Southern Hemisphere network of annually resolved tree ring fire histories, consisting of 1,767 fire-scarred trees from 97 sites (from 22 °S to 54 °S) in southern South America (SAS), to quantify the coupling of SAM and region

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49

Amores, Angel, and Marta Marcos. "Ocean Swells along the Global Coastlines and Their Climate Projections for the Twenty-First Century." Journal of Climate 33, no. 1 (2020): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-19-0216.1.

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AbstractRemotely generated swell waves are the dominant contributor of the coastal wind-wave climate along most of the world coastlines. In this work we describe the characteristics of swells from a coastal perspective. We identify the main regions of formation of swell waves at present and during the late twenty-first century under the RCP8.5 emissions/climate change scenario. We have applied an algorithm that allows one to unequivocally differentiate the swell component from the local wind-waves for a global wave hindcast and for eight CMIP5 state-of-the-art wave model climate projections. W

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Steinthorsdottir, Margret, Vivi Vajda, Mike Pole, and Guy Holdgate. "Moderate levels of Eocene pCO2 indicated by Southern Hemisphere fossil plant stomata." Geology 47, no. 10 (2019): 914–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g46274.1.

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Abstract:

Abstract Reducing the uncertainty in predictions of future climate change is one of today’s greatest scientific challenges, with many significant problems unsolved, including the relationship between pCO2 and global temperature. To better constrain these forecasts, it is meaningful to study past time intervals of global warmth, such as the Eocene (56.0–33.9 Ma), serving as climatic analogues for the future. Here we reconstructed pCO2 using the stomatal densities of a large fossil Lauraceae (laurel) leaf database from ten sites across the Eocene of Australia and New Zealand. We show that mostly

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