Relevant bibliographies by topics / Southern Pine Beetle

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Academic literature on the topic 'Southern Pine Beetle'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Southern Pine Beetle"

1

Kinn, D. N., and M. J. Linit. "Temporal Relationship Between Southern Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and Pinewood Nematode Infestations in Southern Pines." Journal of Entomological Science 27, no. 3 (July 1, 1992): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-27.3.194.

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The incidence of feeding scars of the cerambycid vectors of the pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) Nickel) on twigs of loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and shortleaf (Pinus echinata Mill.) pines in central Louisiana was determined. Feeding scars on twigs taken from pines felled at random were compared to those on twigs taken from pines adjacent to southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann) infestations. Additionally, the presence of pinewood nematode in trees attacked by southern pine beetle was followed through the course of beetle development. Significantly more cerambycid feeding scars were present on twigs of trees located near the advancing edge of a southern pine beetle infestation than on twigs not adjacent or near any known southern pine beetle infestation. From 82 to 100% of the trees sampled adjacent to bark beetle infestations had been fed upon by cerambycids. Pinewood nematodes were recovered from 79% of these trees. The incidence of nematodes in the boles of trees attacked by southern pine beetles increased as immature beetles entered their later instars. The highest incidence of nematodes was from trees recently vacated by southern pine beetles. Trees killed by the southern pine beetle may thus serve as reservoirs for the pinewood nematode and its cerambycid vectors and lead to the infestation of adjacent trees and facilitate subsequent SPB colonization.
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Cameron, R. Scott. "Southern Pine Bark Beetles in the Urban Environment." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 13, no. 6 (June 1, 1987): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1987.031.

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Five species of bark beetles attack pine trees in the South. The southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis, is the most notorious because of the extensive destruction it periodically causes to commercial pine forests. However, the three species of Ips engraver beetles and the black turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus terebrans, collectively may be more destructive than the southern pine beetle in urban situations. Several insecticides are registered for the prevention and control of southern pine bark beetles, but insecticide treatments are expensive, and control is difficult. Most bark beetles kill pine trees very rapidly and symptoms of attack usually are not detected in time to save infested trees. The best way to prevent losses to bark beetles is to maintain healthy trees.
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Bridges, J. Robert, and Thelma J. Perry. "EFFECTS OF MYCANGIAL FUNGI ON GALLERY CONSTRUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF BLUESTAIN IN SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE-INFESTED PINE BOLTS." Journal of Entomological Science 20, no. 2 (April 1, 1985): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-20.2.271.

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Southern pine beetles, Dentroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, treated to remove their mycangial fungi, were infected with Ceratocystis minor (Hedgcock) Hunt spores and placed in freshly-cut pine bolts. Galleries constructed by beetles without mycangial fungi were significantly shorter and contained significantly more bluestain than galleries constructed by beetles with mycangial fungi. It was concluded that southern pine beetle mycangial fungi limit the distribution of bluestain in southern pine beetle-infested trees. Inhibition of the spread of the bluestain fungus by mycangial fungi may be necessary for optimal beetle development.
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Clark, Erin L., Allan L. Carroll, and Dezene P. W. Huber. "Differences in the constitutive terpene profile of lodgepole pine across a geographical range in British Columbia, and correlation with historical attack by mountain pine beetle." Canadian Entomologist 142, no. 6 (December 2010): 557–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n10-022.

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AbstractThe mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a destructive insect pest in western Nearctic conifer forests. Currently, British Columbia, Canada, is experiencing the largest recorded outbreak of this insect, including areas that historically have had low climatic suitability for it. We analyzed 26 constitutive resin terpenes in phloem samples from British Columbia lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) populations to test for differential resistance to mountain pine beetle attack, based upon the likelihood of previous exposure to mountain pine beetle. We assessed sampled trees for number of mountain pine beetle attacks, number of pupal chambers, and tree survival the following spring. Significant differences were found when levels of certain terpenes in lodgepole pine populations that had likely experienced substantial mountain pine beetle infestations in the past were compared with those in populations that likely had not experienced large outbreaks of mountain pine beetle. Although we expected southern pine populations to contain more total terpenes than northern populations, owing to higher historical exposure to the beetle, the converse was found. Northern populations generally had higher levels of constitutive terpenes and beetle attack than southern populations. Because several terpenes are kairomones to the mountain pine beetle and also serve as precursors for the synthesis of pheromones, the lower levels of terpenes expressed by lodgepole pines from the historical range of the mountain pine beetle may render them less chemically perceptible to foraging beetles.
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Martinson, Sharon, Richard W. Hofstetter, and Matthew P. Ayres. "Why does longleaf pine have low susceptibility to southern pine beetle?" Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37, no. 10 (October 2007): 1966–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x07-066.

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Pine forests throughout the world are subject to disturbance from tree-killing bark beetles, but pine species differ in their susceptibilities. In the southeastern United States, Pinus palustris Mill. suffers far less mortality from the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, than do its sympatric congeners. We tested the commonly invoked hypothesis that P. palustris has relatively low susceptibility because it has higher oleoresin flow than other pines, especially Pinus taeda L. However, seven studies in three states over 6 years refuted the hypothesis that P. palustris and P. taeda differ in their constitutive resin flow or in their capacity to replace resin depleted by either experimental wounding or natural beetle attacks. Additionally, surveys of natural beetle attacks revealed that P. taeda and P. palustris were equally likely to be attacked and killed when they cooccurred in front of growing infestations. Thus, the relative susceptibility of these two species changes with the spatial scale at which they are mixed, and the strong landscape-scale pattern of low mortality in P. palustris is not because individual trees are physiologically less susceptible. Ultimately, the conspicuous differential impact of D. frontalis on P. taeda and P. palustris may be the product of coevolution between tree defenses and beetle behavior.
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Doggett, Coleman A., and Don R. Tweed. "Geographical Intensity of Southern Pine Beetle Infestations." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 18, no. 4 (November 1, 1994): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/18.4.145.

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Abstract Data on the geographical distribution and frequency of multiple-tree infestations of southern pine beetle (SPB) (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) collected in North Carolina from 1960-1980 were analyzed. A Geographical Information System (GIS) was used to construct a map showing geographical distribution of SPB from 1960-1980. Beetle intensity, measured in numbers of infestations (spots)per thousand acres of host type, is shown. The authors point out that infestation intensities vary geographically. The location of pine timberland in respect to SPB hazard may dictate economic and silvicultural strategies for managing southern pines. South. J. Appl. For. 18(4): 145-146.
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Kinn, D. N., T. J. Perry, F. H. Guinn, B. L. Strom, and J. Woodring. "Energy Reserves of Individual Southern Pine Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) as Determined by a Modified Phosphovanillin Spectrophotometry Method2." Journal of Entomological Science 29, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 152–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-29.1.152.

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A modification of the sulfophosphovanillin photometric method for determining cholesterol levels in mammalian blood sera was adapted for determining the percentage of lipid in individual southern pine beetles, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann. This method is simple and provided consistent results. It is ideally suited to ecological and physiological studies involving bark beetle behavior such as flight, orientation, oogenesis, and spermatogenesis. Using this modified method and flight mills, it was confirmed that lipids were metabolized during southern pine beetle flight and that females, the sex that initiates tree colonization, are heavier than males, contain a greater percentage of lipid, and are capable of flying longer and farther than male beetles. Regardless of sex, the greater the weight of the beetle, the greater its flight potential.
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Mayfield, Albert E., Jiri Hulcr, and John L. Foltz. "Black Turpentine Beetle, Dendroctonus terebrans (Olivier) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)." EDIS 2015, no. 5 (August 5, 2015): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in636-2015.

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Black turpentine beetles bore into the inner bark of stressed or injured pines, where they breed and feed on phloem tissue. Adults are strongly attracted to volatile pine odors and readily breed in fresh stumps. In typical forests, infestations do not exhibit the rapid and devastating expansion characteristic of the closely related southern pine beetle, but in stands where stress conditions are frequent or persistent, black turpentine beetle can become a chronic pest and cause significant mortality over an extended period of time. Historically, black turpentine beetle has been a major pest of pines wounded or treated with herbicides in naval stores production. During the 1950s, black turpentine beetle damaged 37 million board feet of timber and contributed to the financial collapse of turpentine farms. This revised 5-page fact sheet was written by Albert E. Mayfield, John L. Foltz, and Jiri Hulcr, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, June 2015. (Photo credit Adam Black and Jiri Hulcr, UF/IFAS) EENY356/IN636: Black Turpentine Beetle, Dendroctonus terebrans (Olivier) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) (ufl.edu)
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McCravy, Kenneth W., John T. Nowak, G. Keith Douce, and C. Wayne Berisford. "Evaluation of Multiple-Funnel and Slot Traps for Collection of Southern Pine Bark Beetles and Predators." Journal of Entomological Science 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-35.1.77.

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Pheromone-baited traps are frequently used for research or in monitoring populations of bark beetles such as the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, and Ips spp. which are important pests of southern pines. We compared the effectiveness of two commercially available trap designs, the multiple-funnel trap and the slot trap, for collection of D. frontalis, three species of Ips, and two of their common predators. Slot traps captured greater numbers of bark beetles while multiple-funnel traps captured more predators. Multiple-funnel traps were judged to be easier to transport and check in the field. This study indicates that slot traps are preferable for monitoring southern bark beetles with the least disruption to natural enemy populations, while multiple-funnel traps are better for monitoring bark beetle/predator ratios. Due to ease of checking and handling, multiple-funnel traps are preferable for uses that involve large numbers of traps, long-distance manual hauling, or frequent relocation of traps.
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Zhong, He, Felton L. Hastings, Fred P. Hain, and Richard A. Werner. "Toxicity of Carbaryl toward the Southern Pine Beetle in Filter Paper, Bark and Cut Bolt Bioassays." Journal of Entomological Science 29, no. 2 (April 1, 1994): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-29.2.247.

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Loblolly pine bolts sprayed with 2% carbaryl (Sevimol® 40% A. I. Flowable) and 1% chlorpyrifos were exposed to southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann. Chlorpyrifos treatment effectively prevented attack by southern pine beetle; however, the bolts were not protected by 2% carbaryl. For the carbaryl-treated bolts, the number of egg niches and larval mines were significantly reduced. However, the number of adult beetles entering the host, the length of the parent galleries, the number of pupal chambers, brood adults, and emergence holes were not significantly (P = 0.05) different from untreated control bolts. A bark surface assay indicated that 2% carbaryl killed < 50% of the beetles at 24 h. Filter paper assay showed that the LC50 value was 0.07% and 0.01% at 24 and 48 h, respectively.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Southern Pine Beetle"

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Knebel, Larissa. "RESIN FLOW INDUCTION IN SOUTHERN PINES: IMPLICATIONS FOR DEFENSE AGAINST SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE." NCSU, 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05162005-201137/.

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The interactions between conifers, bark beetles and their common fungal associates have been widely studied, in part due to the severe economic and natural losses that occur annually. Host resistance, involving constitutive and induced defensive measures, and the factors associated with pest success are now widely understood and some losses can be avoided with proper management. Recent research with Norway spruce (Picea abies) has provided additional insight into the chemical pathways involved in host resistance, and has determined that trees exposed to mechanical wounding or fungal inoculation show acquired resistance to future pathogen attacks. This aspect of defense in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) has not been adequately investigated. However, our recent studies indicate that fungal inoculation results in elevated resin flow levels that last up to one year after treatment. Further research in southern Appalachian pines showed that elevated resin flow occurs in response to low intensity fire, and that this response is still present at 18 months after burning. These studies indicate that acquired resistance through induced resin flow in southern pines is a possibility. Further research with beetle or fungal challenges could determine new possibilities for management of both natural and planted stands in order to maximize host defenses against southern pine beetle.
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Petty, Saul David. "The use of mobile mapping technology to automate surveying and monitoring of southern pine beetle." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2342.

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The USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, is responsible for maintaining an ORACLE database named the Southern Pine Beetle Information System (SPBIS). SPBIS was designed to store survey data for Southern Pine Beetle (SPB) infestations on federal land across the southern United States. The main purpose of this project is to improve the SPBIS database to aid in management of SPB infestations to reduce losses, to harvest compromised timber while it still has value, and to assist resource managers in preventing further infestations from becoming established. The SPBIS mobile mapping system addresses current problems with the database and offers viable solutions to each. Mobile mapping technology is a versatile tool, which is used to collect field data, with unique geospatial time tags and attributes, for integrating into or updating a GIS (Rasher 2001). The ability to efficiently collect data is essential to developing a useable database. The time required to manually enter data into the database is substantial. Ranger district personnel often do not have the time or the desire to enter data. Currently, the database is lacking years of survey and infestation data due to these negligent data entry practices, limiting the usefulness database. Currently, SPBIS data is recorded on a paper survey form. This system introduces a digital version of this form. A time study conducted to define the efficiency of each survey showed that the digital form to be more efficient with a Mann-Whitney p- value of 0.004. A comparative study was conducted to define the difference between currently estimated SPB infestation acreage and those measured using GPS. A Mann-Whitney pvalue of 0.000 shows the significant difference between the two acreage values. GPS measured acreage proved to be more accurate thus promoting the use of GPS for measuring acreage. Navigation us ing GPS coordinates was successful and will greatly decrease the time required to locate a SPB infestation on the ground. This thesis describes a mobile mapping system designed specifically to remedy the problems associated with SPBIS. This system eliminates the need for manual entry of field-collected data, while improving field data collection in terms of efficiency and accuracy.
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Heuss, Molly. "Evaluating The Impacts Of Southern Pine Beetle On Pitch Pine Forest Dynamics In A Newly Invaded Region." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/828.

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Southern pine beetle (SPB; Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmerman), a native insect that has historically affected pine ecosystems in the southeastern U.S., has recently expanded northward causing extensive tree mortality in pitch pine (Pinus rigida) and pitch pine-oak (Quercus spp.) forests across much of eastern Long Island, NY. Given the historic lack of SPB within these fire-dependent ecosystems, little is known regarding its impacts to forest composition, forest structure, or fuel loading. This study examined the short-term effects of SPB-induced tree mortality on the structure, composition, and fuel loading of pitch pine and pitch pine-oak communities to inform management recommendations and projections of future forest conditions and fire hazard. Overstory pine basal area declined following SPB infestation and infestation suppression management, particularly in pitch pine forests. These treatments did not impact the density or composition of seedlings and saplings, with hardwood species, including scarlet oak (Quercus coccinea), scrub oak (Quercus ilicifolia), and black gum (Nyssa sylvatica), making up the majority of species in this layer and pine representing <6% of stems. Likelihood of herbivory was influenced partly by species, with pitch pine less likely to be browsed than white oak and scarlet oak. SPB infestation significantly increased the snag component of both forest types, which largely became downed coarse woody debris (CWD) following suppression management. Treatments did not significantly influence understory species assemblages. Understory communities in pitch pine stands were characterized by Vaccinium angustifolium prior to SPB or suppression management, with these disturbances leading to an increase in the diversity of understory communities. In contrast, infestation decreased variation in understory species assemblages in pine-oak forests and encouraged regeneration of pitch pine and scarlet oak, while suppression increased diversity largely through increases in disturbance-adapted species, such as Smilax rotundifolia. SPB infestation decreased the biomass of live fuels and subsequently increased loading of dead fuels in both forest cover types. Suppression management felled preexisting and SPB-generated snags, especially in pitch pine forests, transforming vertical fuels into horizontal CWD. Collectively, results indicate SPB could functionally eliminate pitch pine without additional management intervention to maintain this species. Suppression efforts to reduce SPB impacts may accelerate succession towards hardwood dominance, particularly in pine-oak stand, leading to dramatic shifts in forest conditions across the Long Island Pine Barrens. SPB and suppression management significantly increase dead fuel loading and felling of snags during suppression served to decrease the density of ladder fuels effectively decreasing the risk of crowning. However, heavy CWD loading may also promote volatile fire behavior. Therefore, forest managers must weigh the expected potential impacts of SPB relative to changes to fuel structure and composition generated by suppression management activities. Our results demonstrate short-term effects of SPB and suppression management. Given the limited experience with SPB in these forests and the results of this study, further research on fire behavior effects and patterns of stand development over the long-term are needed.
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Satterlee, Sarah Melissa. "Evolution of the southern pine beetle legacy simulation model "SPBMODEL" using genetic algorithms." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35907.

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SPBMODEL, a legacy southern pine beetle (SPB) simulation model, was translated into a new JavaTM model called Javahog. The Javahog output was verified to be essentially identical to SPBMODEL output by means of standard and paired t-tests. Javahog was placed online and is currently accessible via a servlet. Genetic algorithms (GAs) were applied to the Javahog model. GAs are a type of optimization heuristic that operate as an analog to evolution. GAs "evolve" a very good solution to a complex problem. In this case, GAs were intended to evolve a very good version of SPBMODEL. GAs were applied in part to improve upon the SPBMODEL design, and in part to demonstrate that GAs are effective tools for recalibrating legacy simulation models. Beyond simply recalibrating model parameters, the GA was used to select optimal functional forms for the development rates of each SPB life stage. The GA evolved a model that performed better than SPBMODEL at predicting observed field data, according to a balanced fitness function and according to sums of squared errors. However, from a visual comparison of the output of both models versus observed field data, neither model achieved satisfactory performance.
Master of Science
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Grosman, Donald Michael. "Southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) : quantitative analysis of chiral semiochemicals /." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05042006-164540/.

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McManis, Anne Elise. "Phenology of a Southern Population of Mountain Pine Beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae)." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7006.

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Mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae, Hopkins) is a major disturbance agent in pine ecosystems of western North America. Adaptation to local climates has resulted in primarily univoltine (one generation per year) generation timing across a thermally diverse latitudinal gradient. We hypothesized that this pattern in total development time is shaped by selection for slower developmental rates, altered developmental thresholds, or oviposition rates in southern populations inhabiting warmer climates. To investigate traits responsible for latitudinal differences we measured lifestage-specific development of southern mountain pine beetle eggs, larvae and pupae across a range of temperatures. We also describe and model oviposition of southern US MPB. Using a novel technique that included frequent X-ray imaging, oviposition rate and fecundity were estimated separately and shown to both be significant and independent sources of variation. When compared with previously collected data for a northern MPB population, total oviposition time predicted for southern MPB at a constant 20°C was slightly longer than that of northern MPB, but the delay was too small to account for significant differences between the populations in total development time. Developmental rate curves for eggs, larvae, and pupae were fit using maximum posterior likelihood estimation with a Bayesian prior to improve fit stability. When compared to previously published data for a northern population (Régnière et al. 2012), observed developmental rates of the southern and northern populations were similar across all studied lifestages at 20 and 25°C, although southern individuals were generally faster at temperature extremes (10 and 27°C). These findings were inconsistent with our hypothesis that southern individuals would have consistently slower rates. Optimal development of southern individuals occurred at higher temperatures, with higher development thresholds, as compared with northern individuals. Our results suggest that evolved traits in the remaining unstudied lifestage, teneral (i.e., pre-emergent) adult, likely influence latitudinal differences in mountain pine beetle generation time.
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Moan, Jason Edward. "Development and assessment of remotely derived variables in current southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) hazard mapping in North Carolina, USA." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34618.

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The southern pine beetle (SPB) (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) is one of the most destructive forest insect pests in the southeastern United States and has historically had a large impact on the forests of North Carolina. Many characteristics of a forest can contribute to SPB susceptibility including stand density, growth rate, age, soil type, and position on the landscape. This work was undertaken in an effort to assist and improve on the current federal SPB hazard modeling being conducted for North Carolina by the USDA Forest Service â Forest Health Protectionâ s Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team (FHTET). In our study, predictive SPB susceptibility models were developed for each physiographic region in North Carolina using two variables not currently included in the FHTET modeling, mean stand age and the in-stand percentage of sawtimber-sized pines. These variables were obtained from USDA Forest Service â Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data and North Carolina Forest Service historical SPB records creating a dataset of both infested and non-infested stands and the models were developed using the CART® classification tree approach. Two model-derived age classes (older than and younger than 22 years) were identified on the landscape using current Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery chronosequences of disturbance index (DI) â transformed scenes to identify stand-replacing disturbances, resulting in a kappa statistic of 0.6364 for the younger than 22 year age class and 0.7778 for the older than 22 years age class. A kappa value of 1 is ideal. The CART® modeling effort produced valid models in all three physiographic regions of North Carolina, though the complexity of the piedmont model makes it impractical for use in the field. The dependent variable in the classification tree was presence or absence of SPB outbreak and the test sample error percentages were similar across regions, with errors ranging between 23.76 - 34.95 percent. Overall prediction success, based on the softwareâ s internal cross-validation procedure, was likewise comparable across the regions with 72.28 - 89.56 percent correctly predicted. Based on our modeling, stand age and percent sawtimber should be included in future FHTET SPB hazard modeling efforts for the coastal plain and mountains, respectively. Age classes can be reasonably estimated using Landsat or other multispectral imagery.
Master of Science
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Watson, Adam. "Cost share payment and willingness to participate in Virginia's Pine Bark Beetle Prevention Program." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32876.

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Forest management practices which reduce southern pine beetle (SPB) risk benefit not only the landowners who perform them, but all those who draw benefits from southern pine forests in Virginia, especially other forest owners within the same region. One such management practice is pre-commercial thinning (PCT), which is particularly unattractive to non-industrial private forest (NIPF) landowners because of the substantial costs and delayed financial returns involved. Since the benefits to society generated by PCT are not fully realized by the individuals who might implement it, there may be a market externality in which PCT is underprovided across the landscape. The Pine Bark Beetle Prevention Program (PBBPP) has the potential to correct this externality by reimbursing a portion of the costs of PCT for landowners who qualify. However, cost share incentives have been criticized for being ineffectual on the basis that landowners substitute publicly funded reimbursement for private investment, without altering their management practices. To investigate the effect of the PBBPP cost share for PCT, a survey was sent to 1,200 NIPF landowners in seven counties across the Piedmont and Coastal Plain physiographic regions of Virginia, where southern pine is prevalent and SPB hazard is a relevant concern. To measure willingness to participate in the program, a referendum style question was used in which the offered cost share ranged from 20% to 90%. Results of discrete choice models estimated from survey data indicate that cost sharing has a significant, positive effect on willingness to participate overall, though increasing reimbursement above 60% is unlikely to affect participation. Some landowners are not responsive or are less responsive to cost sharing due to personal and property characteristics.
Master of Science
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Ryall, Krista Lee. "Biology of the recently introduced pine shoot beetle Tomicus piniperda (L.) (Coleoptera, scolytidae) in Southern Ontario." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0010/MQ29358.pdf.

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Hailu, Solomon Ghebremeskel. "THE EFFECT OF HABITAT FRAGMENTATION ON THE SPATIAL POPULATION GENETIC STRUCTURE OF SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (DENDROCTONUS FRONTALIS)." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/624.

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Southern pine beetle (SPB), Dendroctonus frontalis (Zimmerman), is one of the most destructive insect pests of pine trees in southern United States, Mexico and Central America. There is relatively little information on the effect of habitat fragmentation on the connectivity and the spatial population genetics of SPB. This study therefore, adds to previously generated information by assessing how habitat fragmentation affects the spatial population genetic structure of SPB. It also introduces a new approach to the study of bark beetle population dynamics by assessing how landscape variables shape their effective dispersal. To address this issue, a suite of eight highly polymorphic DNA microsatellite markers were used to measure SPB movement over a representative range of SPB habitat and non-habitat (matrix). At the broadest scale, highly significant genetic differentiation suggests that the sampled populations are not panmictic. Loci with higher variability yielded higher resolution for both the infinite allele model based measure of differentiation (FST) and the stepwise mutation based measure (RST) estimates. It is apparent that allelic frequency differences, allelic size ranges and repeat motif played a role in the observed patterns of pair-wise differentiations between the sampled localities. It is supposed that gene flow, wide-range dispersal and recent divergent time could have contributed to the lower level of genetic structure observed in the pair wise estimates. The sampled populations did not show any differentiation attributable to the host species from which they were collected. Mantel test of genetic distance and Euclidean geographic distance revealed no correlation. Mantel tests of the correlation between genetic distance and cost weighted Euclidean distances also suggest that dispersal of SPB across geographic barriers is not significantly reduced. Thus, landscape features and host preference do not appear to have had an impact on population genetic structure of SPB. Since movements of these beetles were not significantly hindered by environmental factors like major rivers, roads, elevation and host type, it is advisable for regional pest management offices to put an effort and coordinate their prevention and management plans in a broader scale to alleviate the problem associated with this native insect pest. Disequilibrium in the observed homogenized pattern of the beetle in this study suggests human contribution in the dispersal of SPB. Therefore, stringent control is deemed necessary in transportation of logs. This could improve our pest management system hence its positive implication in timber industry is obvious.
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Books on the topic "Southern Pine Beetle"

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United States. Forest Service. Southern Research Station, ed. Southern pine beetle II. Asheville, NC: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2011.

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2

Woodson, George. Utilization of beetle-killed southern pine. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1985.

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Woodson, George. Utilization of beetle-killed southern pine. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1985.

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Woodson, George. Utilization of beetle-killed southern pine. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1985.

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Woodson, George. Utilization of beetle-killed southern pine. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1985.

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Woodson, George. Utilization of beetle-killed southern pine. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1985.

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Woodson, George. Utilization of beetle-killed southern pine. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1985.

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Hedden, Roy L. Rating stand susceptibility to southern pine beetle attack on national forests in the Gulf Coastal Plain. New Orleans, La: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1985.

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Hedden, Roy L. Rating stand susceptibility to southern pine beetle attack on national forests in the Gulf Coastal Plain. New Orleans, La: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1985.

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Hedden, Roy L. Rating stand susceptibility to southern pine beetle attack on national forests in the Gulf Coastal Plain. New Orleans, La: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Southern Pine Beetle"

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Flamm, Richard O., Robert N. Coulson, and Thomas L. Payne. "The Southern Pine Beetle." In Dynamics of Forest Insect Populations, 531–53. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0789-9_25.

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Xi, Weimin, John D. Waldron, David M. Cairns, Charles W. Lafon, Andrew G. Birt, Maria D. Tchakerian, Kier D. Klepzig, and Robert N. Coulson. "Restoration of Southern Pine Forests After the Southern Pine Beetle." In A Goal-Oriented Approach to Forest Landscape Restoration, 321–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5338-9_12.

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Cook, Stephen P., and Fred P. Hain. "Resistance Mechanisms of Loblolly and Shortleaf Pines to Southern Pine Beetle Attack." In Mechanisms of Woody Plant Defenses Against Insects, 295–304. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3828-7_19.

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McNulty, Steven G., Peter L. Lorio, Matthew P. Ayres, and John D. Reeve. "Predictions of Southern Pine Beetle Populations Using a Forest Ecosystem Model." In Ecological Studies, 617–34. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2178-4_33.

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Birt, Andrew G., and Robert N. Coulson. "Southern Pine Beetle Herbivory in the Southern United States: Moving from External Disturbance to Internal Process." In Simulation Modeling of Forest Landscape Disturbances, 165–200. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19809-5_7.

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Lih, M. P., and F. M. Stephen. "Modeling Southern Pine Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Population Dynamics: Methods, Results and Impending Challenges." In Estimation and Analysis of Insect Populations, 256–67. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3664-1_17.

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Flamm, Richard O., and Robert N. Coulson. "Traumatized Hosts: Their Influence on the Population Dynamics of the Southern Pine Bark Beetle Guild." In Mechanisms of Woody Plant Defenses Against Insects, 345–58. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3828-7_24.

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Venäläinen, Ari, Kimmo Ruosteenoja, Ilari Lehtonen, Mikko Laapas, Olli-Pekka Tikkanen, and Heli Peltola. "Climate Change, Impacts, Adaptation and Risk Management." In Forest Bioeconomy and Climate Change, 33–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99206-4_3.

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AbstractUnder the moderate future greenhouse gas emissions scenario (RCP4.5), climate model simulations project that the annual mean temperature will increase in Europe by up to 2–3 °C by the middle of this century, compared to the end of the nineteenth century. The temperature increase is projected to be larger in Northern Europe than in Central and Southern Europe. The annual precipitation is projected to decrease in Southern Europe and increase in Northern and Central Europe. The projected changes in temperature and precipitation are expected to be higher in the winter than in the summer months. In Northern Europe, forest growth is generally projected to increase due to warmer and longer growing seasons. In southern Europe in particular, warmer and dryer summers are projected to decrease forest growth. Climate change is expected also to expose forests and forestry to multiple abiotic and biotic risks throughout Europe. The greatest abiotic risks to forests are caused by windstorms, drought, forest fires and extreme snow loading on trees. The warmer climate will also increase biotic risks to forests, such as damage caused by European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreaks in Norway spruce (Picea abies) forests and wood decay by Heterobasidion spp. root rot in Norway spruce and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests. Different adaptation and risk management actions may be needed, depending on geographical region and time span, in order to maintain forest resilience, which is also important for climate change mitigation.
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Nowak, John T., Kier D. Klepzig, David R. Coyle, William A. Carothers, and Kamal J. K. Gandhi. "Southern Pine Beetles in Central Hardwood Forests: Frequency, Spatial Extent, and Changes to Forest Structure." In Natural Disturbances and Historic Range of Variation, 73–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21527-3_4.

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Reeve, John D., and Peter Turchin. "Evidence for Predator-Prey Cycles in a Bark Beetle." In Population Cycles. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195140989.003.0009.

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The southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), is an economically important pest of pine forests in the southern United States (Price et al. 1992). This native bark beetle is able to attack and kill living trees, typically loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) or shortleaf (Pinus echinata Mill.) pine, through a process of mass attack coordinated by pheromones emitted by the beetle (Payne 1980). During the attack process, thousands of beetles bore through the outer bark of the tree and begin constructing galleries in the phloem layer. Trees can respond to beetle attack by exuding resin from a network of ducts, but the large number of simultaneous attacks usually overcomes this defense, literally draining the resin from the tree. Oviposition and brood development then occur in the girdled (and ultimately dead) tree. Once a tree is fully colonized the attack process shifts to adjacent trees, often resulting in a cluster of freshly attacked trees, trees containing developing brood, and dead and vacated trees (Coulson 1980). These infestations can range in size from a single tree to tens of thousands, although the latter only occur in areas where no control methods are applied. Approximately six generations can be completed in a year in the southern United States (Ungerer et al. 1999). Like many other forest insect pests, D. frontalis populations are characterized by a considerable degree of fluctuation. The longest time series available are Texas Forest Service records of infestations in southeast Texas since 1958 (figure 5.la). These data suggest that the fluctuations have at least some periodic component, with major outbreaks occurring at intervals of 7-9 years (1968, 1976, 1985, and 1992). A variety of different analyses, including standard time series analysis and response surface methodology (Turchin 1990, Turchin and Taylor 1992), suggest that D.frontalis dynamics are indeed cyclic and appear governed by some kind of delayed negative feedback acting on population growth (see chapter 1). This effect can be seen by plotting the realized per-capita rate of growth (R-values) over a year against population density in the previous year (figure 5.1b).
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Conference papers on the topic "Southern Pine Beetle"

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Gandhi, Kamal J. K. "Multi-trophic semiochemical interactions within the pine beetle guild in the southern U.S." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93138.

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Nowak, John T. "Southern pine beetle infestations in relation to forest stand conditions, previous thinning, and prescribed burning." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93531.

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Reports on the topic "Southern Pine Beetle"

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Coulson, R. N., and Kier Klepzig. Southern Pine Beetle II. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-140.

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Coulson, R. N., and Kier Klepzig. Southern Pine Beetle II. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-140.

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Goelz, J. C. G., B. L. Strom, J. P. Barnett, and M. A. Sword Sayer. Guidelines for regenerating southern pine beetle spots. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-153.

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Goelz, J. C. G., B. L. Strom, J. P. Barnett, and M. A. Sword Sayer. Guidelines for regenerating southern pine beetle spots. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-153.

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de Steiguer, Joseph E., Roy L. Hedden, and John M. Pye. Optimal Level of Expenditure to Control the Southern Pine Beetle. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/se-rp-263.

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Bergstrom, Robert M., and Deborah S. Page-Dumroese. How much soil disturbance can be expected as a result of southern pine beetle suppression activities? Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-399.

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Bergstrom, Robert M., and Deborah S. Page-Dumroese. How much soil disturbance can be expected as a result of southern pine beetle suppression activities? Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-399.

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Coleman, T. W., Alton Martin, J. R. Meeker, S. R. Clarke, and L. K. Rieske. Disturbance from southern pine beetle, suppression, and wildfire affects vegetation composition in central Louisiana: a case study. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-129.

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Coleman, T. W., Alton Martin, J. R. Meeker, S. R. Clarke, and L. K. Rieske. Disturbance from southern pine beetle, suppression, and wildfire affects vegetation composition in central Louisiana: a case study. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-129.

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Bishir, John, James Roberds, Brian Strom, and Xiaohai Wan. Documentation and user guides for SPBLOB: a computer simulation model of the join population dynamics for loblolly pine and the southern pine beetle. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-114.

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