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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Southwestern corn borer – Physiological effect

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Academic literature on the topic 'Southwestern corn borer – Physiological effect'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Southwestern corn borer – Physiological effect"

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Ostrý, Vladimír, František Malíř, and Annie Pfohl-Leszkowicz. "Comparative data concerning aflatoxin contents in Bt maize and non-Bt isogenic maize in relation to human and animal health – a review." Acta Veterinaria Brno 84, no. 1 (2015): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201585010047.

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Transgenic Bt maize is a potentially important tool against insect pest in the EU and other countries. Bt maize (e.g. MON 810, Bt 11) which carries the Bt gene is highly resistant to larval feeding of European corn borer, stalk borer, and Southwestern corn borer, depending on Bt toxin (δ toxin) production. Effective measures used to fight pests may often have positive side-effects in that they may also contribute to reducing mycotoxin concentrations. A systematic review has been used for the purposes of evaluating the studies on the reduction of aflatoxins in Bt maize. According to five studies, Bt maize has significantly lower concentrations of aflatoxins than non-Bt maize hybrids, only one study has shown no significant effect of Bt maize. Other studies have shown mixed results (four studies). The results of these studies were influenced by the year of sampling or by using maize breeding lines selected for resistance to aflatoxin accumulation.

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Daves, C. A., W. P. Williams, F. M. Davis, G. T. Baker, P. W. K. Ma, W. A. Monroe, and S. Mohan. "Plant Resistance and Its Effect on the Peritrophic Membrane of Southwestern Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Larvae." Journal of Economic Entomology 100, no. 3 (June 1, 2007): 976–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/100.3.976.

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3

Trisyono, Andi, and G. Michael Chippendale. "Effect of the ecdysone agonists, RH-2485 and tebufenozide, on the southwestern corn borer,Diatraea grandiosella." Pesticide Science 53, no. 2 (June 1998): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9063(199806)53:2<177::aid-ps753>3.0.co;2-6.

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Popham, Holly J. R., and G. Michael Chippendale. "Effect of a hypolipidemic agent on the growth and development of the southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology 115, no. 3 (November 1996): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0742-8413(96)00134-x.

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5

Windham, G. L., W. P. Williams, and F. M. Davis. "Effects of the Southwestern Corn Borer on Aspergillus flavus Kernel Infection and Aflatoxin Accumulation in Maize Hybrids." Plant Disease 83, no. 6 (June 1999): 535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1999.83.6.535.

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Field studies were conducted in 1995 to 1997 to determine the effect of the southwestern corn borer (SWCB) on Aspergillus flavus kernel infection and aflatoxin accumulation in maize hybrids. In 1995, when A. flavus conidia were applied to silks in a spray and SWCB neonate larvae in maize cob grits were placed in the leaf axil at the top ear of commercial hybrids, aflatoxin contamination and A. flavus kernel infection were highest in plants treated with both the fungus and the insect. In 1996, using the same inoculation and infestation techniques, aflatoxin levels and kernel infection were much lower than in 1995 and SWCB had no effect on aflatoxin contamination or kernel infection. In another study in 1996, the effect of SWCB on aflatoxin contamination and A. flavus kernel infection in hybrids resistant and susceptible to A. flavus was determined. The inoculation-infestation technique involved applying maize cob grits containing A. flavus conidia and SWCB larvae to silks. When SWCB was combined with A. flavus, aflatoxin levels and kernel infection were dramatically higher than in hybrids inoculated with A. flavus alone, regardless of whether the hybrids were resistant or susceptible to A. flavus. In 1997, the interaction of A. flavus and SWCB was determined on hybrids resistant and susceptible to A. flavus and on a commercial hybrid with and without the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin. Maize cob grits were used to inoculate A. flavus and infest SWCB on the silks 7 or 21 days after midsilk (50% of the plants in a row had silks emerged). All four hybrids had the highest levels of Aspergillus spp. kernel infection and aflatoxin contamination when A. flavus and SWCB were applied at 21 days after midsilk. These studies indicate that SWCB can substantially increase aflatoxin levels when combined with A. flavus. However, inoculation and infestation techniques, placement of the fungus and the insect, and timing of inoculation and infestation are all critical in demonstrating a synergistic relationship between A. flavus and SWCB on aflatoxin contamination of maize.

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Popham, Holly J. R., and G. Michael Chippendale. "Effect of dietary treatments on the lipophorin titer in the larval hemolymph of the southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella." Journal of Insect Physiology 40, no. 7 (July 1994): 623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(94)90150-3.

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7

Williams, W. Paul, and Paul M. Buckley. "Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Southwestern Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Leaf Feeding Damage and Its Effect on Larval Growth on Diets Prepared from Lyophilized Corn Leaves." Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology 25, no. 1 (January 2008): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3954/1523-5475-25.1.1.

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8

Stewart, Christie L., Robert E. Nurse, and Peter H. Sikkema. "Time of Day Impacts Postemergence Weed Control in Corn." Weed Technology 23, no. 3 (September 2009): 346–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-08-150.1.

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Field trials were conducted from 2005 to 2007 at two locations in southwestern Ontario to investigate how weed control in corn was affected by the time of day that herbicides were applied. Weed control following the application of six POST herbicides (atrazine, bromoxynil, dicamba/diflufenzopyr, glyphosate, glufosinate, and nicosulfuron) at 06:00, 09:00, 12:00, 15:00, 18:00, 21:00, and 24:00 h was assessed. For many weed species herbicide efficacy was reduced when applications were made at 06:00, 21:00, and 24:00 h. Velvetleaf was the most sensitive to the time of day effect, followed by common ragweed, common lambsquarters, and redroot pigweed. Annual grasses were not as sensitive to application timing; however, control of barnyardgrass and green foxtail was reduced in some environments at 06:00 h and after 21:00 h. Only in the most severe cases was the grain yield of corn reduced due to decreased weed control. Daily changes in air temperature, relative humidity, and light intensity that cause species-specific physiological changes may account for the variation in weed control throughout the day. The results of this research suggest that there is a strong species-specific influence of ambient air temperature, light intensity, and leaf orientation on the efficacy of POST herbicides. These results should aid growers in applying herbicides when they are most efficacious, thus reducing costs associated with reduced efficacy.

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Gatch, E. W., R. L. Hellmich, and G. P. Munkvold. "A Comparison of Maize Stalk Rot Occurrence in Bt and Non-Bt Hybrids." Plant Disease 86, no. 10 (October 2002): 1149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2002.86.10.1149.

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Stalk rots, caused by a complex of fungal species, are among the most widespread and destructive diseases of maize. Larvae of the European corn borer (ECB) (Ostrinia nubilalis) promote stalk rot development by creating entry points for fungi, serving as vectors of pathogens, and causing physiological stress that may predispose plants to stalk decay. Field experiments were conducted in 1998, 1999, and 2000 to determine whether the use of transgenic Bt hybrids expressing insecticidal proteins would influence stalk rot symptoms (pith disintegration, pith discoloration, and lodging). Five hybrids representing different Bt types (or “Bt events”) (176, BT11, MON810, DBT418, and CBH351) were paired with their near-isogenic, non-Bt counterparts and subjected to treatments of manual and natural infestation with ECB larvae. Manual infestation resulted in significantly more ECB tunneling than natural infestation in 1998 and 1999 and significantly more lodging in 1998. There were significant linear correlations between ECB injury and stalk rot symptoms in non-Bt hybrids in 1998 and 1999, but not in 2000. A standard foliar insecticide treatment for ECB did not significantly affect stalk rot symptoms. In 1998, Bt hybrids had significantly less ECB tunneling, stalk discoloration, pith disintegration, and lodging compared with non-Bt hybrids, but these effects depended upon the Bt event and the infestation treatment. Similar but less pronounced effects of Bt events were observed in 1999. The 2000 results were more variable; the amount of pith disintegration was significantly lower but discoloration was significantly higher in the BT11 hybrid compared with its non-Bt counterpart, and the amount of lodging was significantly higher in the event 176 hybrid compared with its non-Bt counterpart. The ratio of stalk strength to grain weight did not consistently differ between Bt and non-Bt hybrids. These results indicate that, although specific Bt events in some years may cause reductions in stalk rot, the overall effect of Bt transformation on stalk rot occurrence is highly variable.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Southwestern corn borer – Physiological effect"

1

Trisyono, Y. Andi. "Effect of the ecdysone agonists, methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide, on European and Southwestern corn borers in vivo and in vitro /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9964006.

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2

Melia-Hancock, Susan. "Effect of European and southwestern corn borers on translocation of photosynthetic products, water use and yield in Zea mays L." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27500.

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