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Zhang, Tianyao, Jiahui Liu, and Hongyang Li. "Restorative Effects of Multi-Sensory Perception in Urban Green Space: A Case Study of Urban Park in Guangzhou, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 24 (December 6, 2019): 4943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244943.
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Urban green space is believed as a beneficial landscape for mental restoration in the urban settings. This study aims to examine the restorative quality of the urban green space from a multi-sensory perspective, focusing on both direct and indirect connections between visual, auditory, and tactile sensations and mental restoration. Two hundred and fifty park users of Tianhe Park in Guangzhou, China, were surveyed. Data were collected regarding their three types of sensations, i.e., the perceived mental restoration, health-related behavioral activities and emotional responses in the urban park. As a result, visual and auditory sensation were found to be linked with mental restoration directly and indirectly, while the tactile sensation was only associated with mental restoration indirectly; and health-related behaviors and emotional response mediated the relations between the three sensations and mental restoration significantly. It is concluded that the greater effects of auditory sensation and the under-studied potential effects of tactile sensation on mental restoration should be more emphasized in the future design of urban park. This is expected to contribute to the high restorative quality of the urban green space and promote public health.
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Sato, Makoto, Yukihiro Hirata, and Hiroshi Kawarada. "Space Interface Device for Artificial Reality – SPIDAR –." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 9, no. 3 (June 20, 1997): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1997.p0177.
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In order to realize a human interface for the efficient modeling of three-dimensional shapes over the computer, it is necessary to create an environment in which shape models can be manipulated in the same way as their actual three-dimensional objects. Such an environment is called a virtual work space. In case that a human manipulates an object with his or her own hands, that person unconsciously uses the sensations, such as those of sight, touch, and force. In order to compose a virtual work space, it is important that information on such sensations be given comprehensively to a human. Moreover, it is necessary that all this information be generated artificially through computer processing. On the basis of these observations, the present paper newly proposes a space interface device SPIDAR as an input/output device necessary for composing a virtual work space. This device can not only obtain information on the positions of end-effectors but also provide information concerning the sensation of force to the end-effectors. Furthermore, an experiment is carried out for investigating the effect of information concerning the sensation of force on the direct manipulability of three-dimensional shapes in this virtual work space, and its effectiveness is verified.
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Umeki, Naoko, and Miwako Doi. "Sensation of movement in virtual space." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part III: Fundamental Electronic Science) 80, no. 6 (June 1997): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6440(199706)80:6<74::aid-ecjc8>3.0.co;2-2.
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Nummenmaa, Lauri, Riitta Hari, Jari K. Hietanen, and Enrico Glerean. "Maps of subjective feelings." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 37 (August 28, 2018): 9198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1807390115.
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Subjective feelings are a central feature of human life. We defined the organization and determinants of a feeling space involving 100 core feelings that ranged from cognitive and affective processes to somatic sensations and common illnesses. The feeling space was determined by a combination of basic dimension rating, similarity mapping, bodily sensation mapping, and neuroimaging meta-analysis. A total of 1,026 participants took part in online surveys where we assessed (i) for each feeling, the intensity of four hypothesized basic dimensions (mental experience, bodily sensation, emotion, and controllability), (ii) subjectively experienced similarity of the 100 feelings, and (iii) topography of bodily sensations associated with each feeling. Neural similarity between a subset of the feeling states was derived from the NeuroSynth meta-analysis database based on the data from 9,821 brain-imaging studies. All feelings were emotionally valenced and the saliency of bodily sensations correlated with the saliency of mental experiences associated with each feeling. Nonlinear dimensionality reduction revealed five feeling clusters: positive emotions, negative emotions, cognitive processes, somatic states and illnesses, and homeostatic states. Organization of the feeling space was best explained by basic dimensions of emotional valence, mental experiences, and bodily sensations. Subjectively felt similarity of feelings was associated with basic feeling dimensions and the topography of the corresponding bodily sensations. These findings reveal a map of subjective feelings that are categorical, emotional, and embodied.
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Landy, David. "Kant’s Better-than-Terrible Argument in the Anticipations of Perception." Kantian Review 25, no. 1 (February 10, 2020): 77–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1369415419000475.
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AbstractScholars working on Kant’s Anticipations of Perception generally attribute to him an argument that invalidly infers that objects have degrees of intensive magnitude from the premise that sensations do. I argue that this rests on an incorrect disambiguation of Kant’s use of Empfindung (sensation) as referring to the mental states that are our sensings, rather than the objects that are thereby sensed. Kant’s real argument runs as follows. The difference between a representation of an empty region of space and/or time and a representation of that same region as occupied by an object entails that, in addition to their extensive magnitude, objects must be represented as having a matter variable in intensive magnitude. Since it is the presence of sensation (sensing) in a cognition that marks the difference between representing only the extensive magnitude of the object and the object as a whole, it is sensation that represents its intensive magnitude.
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Kirci, Nazan, and Saeid Soltani. "Phenomenology and Space in Architecture: Experience, Sensation and Meaning." International Journal of Architectural Engineering Technology 6, no. 1 (May 15, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.15377/2409-9821.2019.06.1.
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Beckwith, Naomi. "SAYA WOOLFALK’S UTOPIA: SENSATION AS A SPACE FOR CRITIQUE." Nka Journal of Contemporary African Art 2009, no. 25 (2009): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10757163-2009-25-150.
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Beckwith, N. "SAYA WOOLFALK'S UTOPIA: SENSATION AS A SPACE FOR CRITIQUE." Nka Journal of Contemporary African Art 2010, no. 25 (March 1, 2010): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10757163-2010-25-150.
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Nasir, Rabiatul Adawiyah, Sabarinah Sh Ahmad, and Azni Zain Ahmed. "Perceived and Measured Adaptive Thermal Comfort at an Outdoor Shaded Recreational Area in Malaysia." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 1083–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.1083.
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Psychological adaptation towards environmental ergonomic is important to encourage better usage of outdoor space. Green space is a significant aspect as it is beneficial for the community. Outdoor spaces are supposedly an essential component of urban recreation space that provides opportunities for recreational activities. Human responses to the outdoor environment and actual thermal sensation experienced by individuals are important to determine the people’s level of understanding of the condition. This paper explores people’s perception about the microclimate condition in hot and humid climate. The responses of the respondents are correlated with the measurement of the microclimate condition. The microclimate conditions of the urban recreational area are measured to get the actual sensation of thermal experience of the people. The results confirmed the existence of adaptive thermal comfort amongst the respondents where they perceived better microclimatic conditions compared to what were measured.
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Fishero, Brian A., Kelly M. Guido, Howard S. McGuff, Josefine M. Heim-Hall, and Frank R. Miller. "Hemangiopericytoma of the Parapharyngeal Space." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 92, no. 9 (September 2013): 436–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556131309200908.
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Hemangiopericytomas of the head and neck are rarely found in the parapharyngeal space. We report the case of a 53-year-old woman who presented with a globus sensation in her throat. Imaging detected a left submucosal oropharyngeal mass that extended into the prestyloid parapharyngeal space. The tumor was surgically excised en bloc. Histopathologic examination identified it as a hemangiopericytoma. We discuss the diagnosis and management of this rare entity.
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Ishii, Masahiro, Motohiro Swawatari, and Makoto Sato. "A Virtual Work Space for Both Hands Operations." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 9, no. 3 (June 20, 1997): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1997.p0213.
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Two-handed interactions are efficient to design a three dimensional (3D) object, hence a two-handed spatial interface device must facilitate such a design process in a virtual environment. In order to realize a virtual environment where an operator can use his/her both hands efficiently, it is necessary to implement a virtual reality system that is suitable to human's ability of sensory integration. We can unconsciously integrate many kinds of sensory information, e.g. visual and kinesthetic sensation. In this paper, we investigate human’s ability of sensory integration between visual sensation and kinesthesis of hands when they are in disagreement spatially, by changing the spatial relation among the operator, a visual display, and a 3D spatial interface device. Then, we implement a virtual reality system for two-handed interactions that can facilitate human’s smooth sensory integration.
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Tanaka, Atsuko, Koichi Hirota, and Toyohisa Kaneko. "Deforming and Cutting Operation with Force Sensation." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 12, no. 3 (June 20, 2000): 292–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2000.p0292.
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In this paper, we discuss an approach to applying a virtual environment to shape forming tasks. In the study, we implemented a vertual work space that support deforming and cutting operations with visual and haptic feedback. In the implementation of the deforming operation, the surface shape is represented by a geometric model while the physical reaction is simulated using a spring model. The deformation of the spring model is considered on the geometric model by using interpolation technique. In the implementation of the cutting operation, we realized visual and haptic feedback of the cutting operation remarking on the geometric and physical aspects, respectively. Combining the deforming and the cutting environment, we successfully implemented a work space in which we can form and design shapes through operations similar to clay modeling.
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Hillier, Jean. "Liquid Spaces of Engagement: Entering the Waves with Antony Gormley and Olafur Eliasson." Deleuze Studies 6, no. 1 (February 2012): 132–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/dls.2012.0051.
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Antony Gormley's Another Place and Olafur Eliasson's Your watercolour machine exemplify passages and combinations of smooth and striated space as beings of sensation on planes of technical and aesthetic composition. They are frames which striate the smoothness of light, water, molten iron, etc., using scientific planes of reference. Smooth and striated mix as boundaries between visitors’ bodies and installation become permeable. Optic becomes tactile, becomes haptic, generative engagement. Both artists experiment with the interface between striated and smooth to encourage visitors to experiment and experience sensation. The installations are liquid spaces; forms of perpetual non-permanence which affect and react with others’ behaviours in processes of co-emergence.
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GUO, Zhiming, Tsuyoshi SETOGUCHI, Norihiro WATANABE, and Ke HUO. "Public Open Space Design Study on the Basis of Microclimate and Spatial Behavior in Hot and Cold Weather Conditions in Downtown Area." Modern Applied Science 12, no. 2 (January 30, 2018): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v12n2p128.
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Microclimate in open space affected by the urban layouts and spatial forms plays an important role in the outdoor comfort, thus the outdoor activities based on the comfort sensation will directly affected by the microclimate. An outstanding open space should satisfy different requirements of outdoor activities and create relatively comfortable sensation.Most studies have been conducted on these relationships only above 0 Celsius degree. However, only few have focused on extreme situations in both hot and cold seasons. Therefore, from microclimate perspective, taking people’s comfort and spatial behaviors as criterions, this research discussed how the open space forms affect microclimate, thus affect comfort sensation and spatial behaviors. The outcomes may provide some useful insights for planners and architects to understand the relationship among microclimate, open space and people.Results showed that microclimate obviously affected people’s comfort. In hot season, shade and air-flow played crucial roles in outdoor comfort. People tend to stay outside in the shade and the area with higher air velocity. After sunset is popular period for outdoor activities. In cold season, at the same ambient temperature, lower air velocity raised the comfort level. Shade also had influences on comfort sensation but do not affect spatial behaviors significantly.This paper also proposes optimization design proposals of densely populated open space based on extreme microclimate and spatial behaviour.
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Fuse, Takeo, Shin Yoshida, Akira Sakakibara, and Teiichi Motoyama. "Angiomyoma of the retropharyngeal space." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 112, no. 3 (March 1998): 290–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100158384.
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AbstractWe encountered a 59-year-old man with angiomyoma of the retropharyngeal space. He had been referred to our hospital because of a six-month history of a sensation of a narrowed pharynx. A smooth-surfaced tumour arising from the posterior wall in the hypopharynx was observed by indirect laryngoscopy. Radiographical imaging revealed a solitary tumour with homogenous contents in the retropharyngeal space. The tumour was successfully removed via a lateral pharyngotomy approach under general anaesthesia. Histopathologically, the tumour was composed of numerous veins with thick muscular walls. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an angiomyoma arising in the retropharyngeal space.
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Umesawa, Yumi, Kouki Doi, and Hiroshi Fujimoto. "Development and Evaluation of a Device for Inducing Kinesthetic Illusion of Dual Joint Movements." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 21, no. 4 (July 20, 2017): 737–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2017.p0737.
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If kinesthetic sensation can be generated using artificial means, we can experience dynamic sensations in the virtual reality space. Subsequently, it can be used as an instruction tool for rehabilitation. By means of kinesthetic illusion, it is possible to create kinesthetic sensation. In this study, we developed an interface device that creates kinesthetic illusions by inducing vibrations in muscle tendons that coordinate dual joint movements. First, we produced a vibrating device using four vibrators. The rotation of motors moving eccentric weights generated the vibrations. Each motor was independently controlled using specially developed software. Second, we produced vibrator fixation structures, which firmly attached the vibrators to the muscle tendons. Using these structures, the vibrators were maintained in position and allowed to transmit forces to the muscle tendons. Furthermore, we conducted an experiment to evaluate the performance of the kinesthetic illusion device. Accordingly, we created the kinesthetic illusion of drawing figures on a horizontal surface by inducing vibrations in muscle tendons that contribute to dual joint movements. The results demonstrated that, by using this device, it was possible to induce kinesthetic illusions of dual joint movements.
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Wortel, Elise. "From history to haecceity." Alphaville: Journal of Film and Screen Media, no. 2 (February 14, 2012): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/alpha.2.05.
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This article investigates the transformation of history into haecceities that allow us to grasp history through a nonlinear, cinematic sensation of pure past. Here, cinema merges classical knowledge of historical facts with the lived reality of the unrecorded past. Experiments with spatial reframings of the past in The Lady and the Duke, The King's Daughters, The White Ribbon and Coco Before Chanel are discussed to create nonlinear sensations of duration that link with Deleuze and Guattari's notions of affect and haecceity, which transform history into cinematic sets of speed, movement, and texture. Furthermore, the article analyses how the traditionally linear narrative of history is transposed into the abstract sensation of time through haecceity as pure past, where time and space come together to put the sensory quality of memory to the fore. Shifting the perspective from the linear account of history to the multilinear effects of affect and haecceity this analysis challenges the cultural hegemony of representation that favours a homogeneous image of thought. Focussing on the material and performative quality of the film image, the article analyses the spatiotemporal relations that create an analytical perception through the senses.
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Jan, Maryam, Jayasree Ramas Ramaskandhan, and Paulo Torres. "Sensory Mapping in Patients Following Excision of a Morton’s Neuroma." Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 2473011417S0002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011417s000220.
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Category: Lesser Toes, Morton’s neuroma Introduction/Purpose: Background: Morton’s neuromata are a common cause of forefoot pain. Surgical excision of the neuroma is expected to result in loss of sensation, however in the author’s experience post-operative sensation can be incongruent with the expected cutaneous innervation of the excised nerve. There is a lack of literature regarding this observed discrepancy. The purpose of this study was to carry out sensory mapping in post excision patients. Methods: Methods: Data was collated from the consecutive case series of a single surgeon from 2013-2015 resulting in a total of 19 respondents (23 excisions). All patients were a minimum of 7 months post-excision (average=23 months). Each toe was divided into 13 anatomical segments (total 65). Sensation was assessed using a 10 g monofilament and results were recorded on a sensory map. Results: 19 excisions were done from the 3 rd intermetatarsal space (group A) and 4 from the 2nd intermetatarsal space (group B). The range of patients from group A affected by complete sensory loss within any individual segment varied from 5.3%-47.4%. In the lesser toes (2, 3, 4 and 5), at least 10% of patients described decreased or absent sensation in =7/13 segments in each of all the lesser toes. Over 36.9% of patients reported decreased or absent sensation involving =7/13 segments in each the 3 rd and 4th toes. The percentage of patients who reported unaltered sensation ranged from 21.1%-100% across all 65 segments. Group B followed a similar pattern but had a much smaller cohort of patients. Conclusion: The results of the sensory mapping indicate an unexpected pattern of loss and preservation of sensation when considering the perceived knowledge of the cutaneous innervation of the forefoot. Further research is required to evaluate this intriguing pattern of innervation. A greater understanding would be useful in better informing our patients during the consent process.
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MASUO, Wataru, Hiromi KOMINE, and Etsuko MOCHIZUKI. "BRIGHTNESS SENSATION AND JUDGMENT OF TURNING ON CEILING LUMINAIRES IN DAYLIT SPACE." Journal of Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 74, no. 639 (2009): 539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aije.74.539.
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Ishida, Tomoyuki, Akihiro Miyakawa, and Yoshitaka Shibata. "Construction of high realistic sensation fusion space over the ultrahigh-speed network." International Journal of Space-Based and Situated Computing 1, no. 2/3 (2011): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijssc.2011.040336.
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Kyrmizakis, Dionysios E., Irene Panagiotaki, John Panayiotides, Antonios Liolios, John Bizakis, Euklidis Proimos, and Emmanouel Helidonis. "Lump sensation in the throat caused by tumors in the preepiglottic space." Auris Nasus Larynx 30, no. 4 (December 2003): 429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2003.07.001.
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Lee, Yoon Sun. "Vection, Vertigo, and the Historical Novel." Novel 52, no. 2 (August 1, 2019): 179–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00295132-7546708.
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Abstract Although accounts of the realist novel have not always adequately examined the experience of movement through space, this embodied epistemology is critical to the genre's development. Drawing on the physiology of perception as investigated by Erasmus Darwin and others, Scott makes the realist novel historical through the representation of motion as vertiginous sensation and as a problematic register of experience. The very uncertainty of the sensation of motion evokes history as a horizon rather than as a causal sequence. The term vection came to be used later in the nineteenth century to refer to sensory uncertainty about whether movement in space is one's own or a sensation produced by external objects. For Scott, the related phenomena of vertigo and vection become perceptual metonyms of historical change. In the plot of vection, as opposed to the plot of action, movement cannot always be identified as forward or backward, up or down, as self-motion or as the ambient motion of the world. His novels engage the question of large-scale epochal historical transitions through the micro-level of the sensory experience of movement.
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Bertelli, Jayme Augusto, and Marcos Flávio Ghizoni. "Grafting the C5 Root to the Musculocutaneous Nerve Partially Restores Hand Sensation in Complete Palsies of the Brachial Plexus." Neurosurgery 71, no. 2 (April 2, 2012): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e3182571971.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: In complete brachial plexus palsy, we have hypothesized that grafting to the musculocutaneous nerve should restore some hand sensation because the musculocutaneous nerve can drive hand sensation directly or via communication with the radial and median nerves. OBJECTIVE: To investigate sensory recovery in the hand and forearm after C5 root grafting to the musculocutaneous nerve in patients with a total brachial plexus injury. METHODS: Eleven patients who had recovered elbow flexion after musculocutaneous nerve grafting from a preserved C5 root and who had been followed for a minimum of 3 years were screened for sensory recovery in the hand and forearm. Six matched patients who had not undergone surgery served as controls. Methods of assessment included testing for pain sensation using Adson forceps, cutaneous pressure threshold measurements using Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments, and the static 2-point discrimination test. Deep sensation was evaluated by squeezing the first web space, and thermal sensation was assessed using warm and cold water. RESULTS: All grafted patients recovered sensation in a variable territory extending from just over the thenar eminence to the entire lateral forearm and hand. Seven patients were capable of perceiving 2-0 monofilament pressure on the thenar eminence, palm, and dorsoradial aspect of the hand. All could differentiate warm and cold water. None recovered 2-point discrimination. None of the patients in the control group recovered any kind of sensation in the affected limb. CONCLUSION: Grafting the musculocutaneous nerve can restore nociceptive sensation on the radial side of the hand.
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de Freitas, Elizabeth, David Rousell, and Nils Jäger. "Relational architectures and wearable space: Smart schools and the politics of ubiquitous sensation." Research in Education 107, no. 1 (November 15, 2019): 10–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034523719883667.
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This paper undertakes an analysis of the “smart school” as a building that both senses and manages bodies through sensory data. The authors argue that smart schools produce a situation of ubiquitous sensation in which learning environments are continuously sensed, regulated, and controlled through complex sensory ecosystems and data infrastructures. This includes the consideration of ethical and political issues associated with the collection of biometric and environmental data in schools and the implications for the design and operation of learning environments which are increasingly regulated through decentralized sensor networks. Working through a relational and adaptive theory of architecture, the authors explore ways of intervening in smart schools through the reconceptualization of sensor technologies as “atmospheric media” that operate within a distributed ecology of sensation that exceeds the limited bandwidth of the human senses. Drawing on recent projects in contemporary art, architecture, and interaction design, the authors discuss specific architectural interventions that foreground the atmospheric qualities and ethical problematics of sensor technologies in school buildings.
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Martins, José Manuel. "‘Crows’ vs. ‘Avatar,’ or: 3D vs. Total-Dimension Immersion." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Film and Media Studies 8, no. 1 (September 1, 2014): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausfm-2014-0027.
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Abstract 3D film’s explicit new space depth arguably provides both an enhanced realistic quality to the image and a wealth of more acute visual and haptic sensations (a ‘montage of attractions’) to the increasingly involved spectator. But David Cronenberg’s related ironic remark that “cinema as such is from the outset a ‘special effect’” should warn us against the geometrical naiveté of such assumptions, within a Cartesian ocularcentric tradition for long overcome by Merleau-Ponty’s embodiment of perception and Deleuze’s notion of the self-consistency of the artistic sensation and space. Indeed, ‘2D’ traditional cinema already provides the accomplished “fourth wall effect,” enclosing the beholder behind his back within a space that no longer belongs to the screen (nor to ‘reality’) as such, and therefore is no longer ‘illusorily’ two-dimensional. This kind of totally absorbing, ‘dream-like’ space, metaphorical for both painting and cinema, is illustrated by the episode Crows in Kurosawa’s Dreams (1990). Such a space requires the actual effacement of the empirical status of spectator, screen, and film as separate dimensions, and it is precisely the 3D characteristic unfolding of merely frontal space layers (and film events) out of the screen towards us (and sometimes above the heads of the spectators before us) that reinstalls at the core of the film-viewing phenomenon a regressive struggle with reality and with different degrees of realism, originally overcome by film since the Lumière’s Arrival of a Train at Ciotat (L’Arrivée d’un train en gare de la Ciotat, 1896) seminal demonstration. Through an analysis of crucial aspects in Avatar (James Cameron, 2009) and the recent Cave of Forgotten Dreams (Werner Herzog, 2010), both dealing with historical and ontological deepening processes of ‘going inside,’ we shall try to show how the formal and technically advanced component of those 3D-depth films impairs, on the contrary, their apparent conceptual purpose on the level of contents, and we will assume, drawing on Merleau-Ponty and Deleuze, that this technological mistake is due to a lack of recognition of the nature of perception and sensation in relation to space and human experience.
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Tuppini, Tommaso. "La sensazione e il vortice del sonno." Chiasmi International 22 (2020): 385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/chiasmi20202234.
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We typically conceive of sensation as a residue of empiricism and idealism, both of which claim to reduce our experience to a sum of elementary data that the subject encounters. For Merleau-Ponty, sensation is none of these things: it defines our ability to let ourselves be solicited by the relief and questions of the world. What is sensed is not an inert datum but a gesture of existence that concerns me, invites me to correspond to it and follow it. When I respond to the invitations of what I sense, the connection between me and the world functions as the immobile axis around which the whirls of a whirlwind are formed. Whirlwind of sensation or whirlwind of sleep, because sensing is also made of a night time-space in which the connection with things seem to be broken. The inertia of sleep is whirling in its own way, just as the dynamism of sensation has its own condition of possibility in an immeasurable measure of apathy and indifference.
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Youssef, Ali, Ahmed Youssef Ali Amer, Nicolás Caballero, and Jean-Marie Aerts. "Towards Online Personalized-Monitoring of Human Thermal Sensation Using Machine Learning Approach." Applied Sciences 9, no. 16 (August 12, 2019): 3303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9163303.
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Thermal comfort and sensation are important aspects of building design and indoor climate control, as modern man spends most of the day indoors. Conventional indoor climate design and control approaches are based on static thermal comfort/sensation models that view the building occupants as passive recipients of their thermal environment. To overcome the disadvantages of static models, adaptive thermal comfort models aim to provide opportunity for personalized climate control and thermal comfort enhancement. Recent advances in wearable technologies contributed to new possibilities in controlling and monitoring health conditions and human wellbeing in daily life. The generated streaming data generated from wearable sensors are providing a unique opportunity to develop a real-time monitor of an individual’s thermal state. The main goal of this work is to introduce a personalized adaptive model to predict individual’s thermal sensation based on non-intrusive and easily measured variables, which could be obtained from already available wearable sensors. In this paper, a personalized classification model for individual thermal sensation with a reduced-dimension input-space, including 12 features extracted from easily measured variables, which are obtained from wearable sensors, was developed using least-squares support vector machine algorithm. The developed classification model predicted the individual’s thermal sensation with an overall average accuracy of 86%. Additionally, we introduced the main framework of streaming algorithm for personalized classification model to predict an individual’s thermal sensation based on streaming data obtained from wearable sensors.
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Poppelreuter, Tanja. "‘Sensation of Space and Modern Architecture’: a psychology of architecture by Franz Löwitsch." Journal of Architecture 17, no. 2 (April 2012): 251–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602365.2012.678645.
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O'Donnell, Denis E., Harry H. Hong, and Katherine A. Webb. "Respiratory sensation during chest wall restriction and dead space loading in exercising men." Journal of Applied Physiology 88, no. 5 (May 1, 2000): 1859–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.88.5.1859.
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We mimicked important mechanical and ventilatory aspects of restrictive lung disorders by employing chest wall strapping (CWS) and dead space loading (DS) in normal subjects to gain mechanistic insights into dyspnea causation and exercise limitation. We hypothesized that thoracic restriction with increased ventilatory stimulation would evoke exertional dyspnea that was similar in nature to that experienced in such disorders. Twelve healthy young men [28 ± 2 (SE) yr of age] completed pulmonary function tests and maximal cycle exercise tests under four conditions, in randomized order: 1) control, 2) CWS to 60% of vital capacity, 3) added DS of 600 ml, and 4) CWS + DS. Measurements during exercise included cardiorespiratory parameters, esophageal pressure, and Borg scale ratings of dyspnea. Compared with control, CWS significantly reduced the tidal volume response to exercise, increased dyspnea intensity at any given work rate or ventilation, and thus limited exercise performance. DS stimulated ventilation but had minimal effects on dyspnea and exercise performance. Adding DS to CWS further increased dyspnea by 1.7 ± 0.6 standardized Borg units ( P = 0.012) and decreased exercise performance (total work) by 21 ± 6% ( P = 0.003) over CWS alone. Across conditions, increased dyspnea intensity correlated best with decreased resting inspiratory reserve volume ( r = −0.63, P < 0.0005). Dyspnea during CWS was described primarily as “inspiratory difficulty” and “unsatisfied inspiration,” similar to restrictive disorders. In conclusion, severe dyspnea and exercise intolerance were provoked in healthy normal subjects when tidal volume responses were constrained in the face of increased ventilatory drive during exercise.
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Bacal, Kira, Roger Billica, and Sheryl Bishop. "Neurovestibular symptoms following space flight." Journal of Vestibular Research 13, no. 2-3 (October 1, 2003): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-2003-132-304.
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Neurovestibular symptoms experienced by astronauts in the post-flight period were examined using data from medical debriefs contained in the NASA Longitudinal Study of Astronaut Health database. Ten symptoms were identified (clumsiness, difficulty concentrating, persisting sensation aftereffects, nausea, vomiting, vertigo while walking, vertigo while standing, difficulty walking a straight line, blurred vision, and dry heaves), of which eight were crossed with twelve demographic parameters (mission duration, astronaut gender, age, one-g piloting experience, previous space flight experience, g-suit inflation, g-suit deflation, in-flight space motion sickness, in-flight exercise, post-flight exercise, mission role, fluid loading). Three symptoms were experienced by a majority of subjects, and another two by more than a quarter of the subjects. Intensity of the symptoms was mild, suggesting that they are unlikely to pose a risk to the crew during landing and the post-flight period. Seven of the symptoms and eight of the parameters under study were found to be significantly associated with each other.
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Šurbatović, Sonja. "Alteration of the Touch Into a Gaze - Reading Through the Drawing." Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico 14, no. 1 (July 20, 2021): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/aisthesis-12773.
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Studying the touch as a sense developed by contact, and the necessity to redefine it, due to the global pandemic and social dissonance that occurred is the topic of this text. Questioning the approach to drawing under the influence of remoteness addresses the need to look closely, to get personal with the drawing, a manifestation of experience. Drawing of intimacy, evaluate concepts of encounter and isolation posing the question of whether we can experience the closeness of the other through the embodiment of the experience in the drawing. Re-examining tactile sensation observed through the obstacle of corporeal distance, a reflection of intimate experiences and spaces opens up for a new interpretation - of touch without the touch. Can this obstacle transform touch into gaze; and can an image in its making, construct a tactile sensation? Intertwining theoretical and practical approach, this text witness drawing and its visual consumption in space of violated closeness.
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Nishino, Takashi, Naohito Shimoyama, Tohru Ide, and Shiroh Isono. "Experimental Pain Augments Experimental Dyspnea, but Not Vice Versa in Human Volunteers." Anesthesiology 91, no. 6 (December 1, 1999): 1633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199912000-00014.
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Background Pain and dyspnea frequently coexist in many clinical situations. However, whether the two different symptoms interact with each other has not been elucidated. To elucidate the interaction between pain and dyspneic sensations, the authors investigated separately the effects of pain on dyspnea and the effects of dyspnea on pain in 15 healthy subjects. Methods Subjects were asked to rate their sensation of pain or dyspnea using a visual analog scale (VAS) during pain stimulation produced by tourniquet inflation (inflation cuff pressure: 350 mmHg) around the calf, and/or the respiratory loading consisted of a combination of resistive load (77 cm H2O x l(-1) x s(-1)) and hypercapnia induced by extra mechanical dead space (255 ml). In addition to changes in VAS scores, changes in ventilatory airflow and airway pressure were continuously measured. Results Pain stimulation and loaded breathing increased VAS scores, ventilation, and occlusion pressure (P0.1). The addition of a pain stimulus during loaded breathing increased the dyspneic VAS score (median 56 [interquartile range 50-62] vs. 64 [55-77]: before vs. after addition of pain stimulus, P < 0.05) with concomitant increases in minute ventilation (10.8 [10.1-13.3] vs. 12.4 [11.0-14.8] l/min, P < 0.05) and P0.1 (5.5 [4.9-7.2] vs. 6.8 [5.8-9.0] cm H2O, P < 0.05). The addition of respiratory loading during pain stimulation did not cause a significant change in pain VAS score (40 [33-55] vs. 31 [30-44]: before vs. after addition of respiratory loading), although both additional burdens increased further minute ventilation (10.0 [8.8-10.9] vs. 12.0 [10.6-13.2] l/min, P < 0.05) and P0.1 (2.5 [2.0-3.0] vs. 6.2 [4.9-7.0] cm H2O, P < 0.05). Conclusion The authors' findings suggest that pain intensifies the dyspneic sensation, presumably by increasing the respiratory drive, whereas dyspnea may not intensify the pain sensation.
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Selcer, R., W. H. Adams, W. B. Thomas, and B. E. Wilkens. "T9-T10 Intervertebral Disc Herniation in Three Dogs." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 09, no. 04 (October 1996): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632526.
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SummaryThree middle-aged (6-8 years), intact male Dachshunds were admitted to the University of Tennessee Veterinary Teaching Hospital (UTVTH) with acute onset of back pain and pelvic limb paralysis.Physical examination of dog #1 revealed hyperaesthesia of the thoracolumbar spine. Superficial pain sensation was absent in the pelvic limbs, while deep pain sensation was intact. The cutaneous trunci (panniculus) reflex was absent caudal to the thoraco-lumbar region. Reflexes to the pelvic limbs were exaggerated.A myelogram showed dorsal deviation of the ventral contrast column and attenuation of the ventral and dorsal contrast columns at the T9-T10 disc space. A hemilaminectomy was performed from T9 to T10, and mineralized disc material was retrieved from the vertebral canal at T9-T10. The T9- T10 to L3-L4 disc spaces were fenestrated. Two weeks after surgery, superficial and deep pain sensation of the rearlimbs were present, but paralysis persisted. The animal was euthanatised at the owners’ request. A postmortem examination was not performed.Dog #2 displayed absent superficial pain sensation, and intact deep pain sensation of the pelvic limbs. Hyperaesthesia of the thoracolumbar region and hyperreflexia of the rear limbs were noted. Examination of the cutaneous trunci reflex was not performed. A myelogram revealed ventral extradural compression of the spinal cord at T9- T10. A T9-T10 hemilaminectomy revealed a large amount of extruded disc material, which was removed. The Tll- T12 to L4-L5 intervertebral discs were fenestrated. Forty-eight hours postoperatively, the patient regained voluntary motor function, and recovery was uneventful.Neurologic examination of dog #3 revealed absence of deep pain sensation in the pelvic limbs; duration of which was not known. Spinal radiographs and myelography revealed ventral extradural spinal cord compression at T9-T10 (Fig.). A right-sided hemilaminectomy at T9-T10 revealed a large amount of calcified disc material, ventral to the spinal cord. The T11-T12 through Ll- L2 intervertebral discs were fenestrated. Sixty days postoperatively, paralysis persisted and the dog was euthanatised. No postmortem examination was performed.Herniation of the T9-T10 intervertebral disc was diagnosed in three Dachshunds with acute paraplegia. The clinical diagnosis and surgical management of T9-T10 disc herniation are similar to that in the more common sites of disc herniation.
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Moon, Jee Youn. "A Pressure Comparison Between Midline and Paramedian Approaches to the Cervical Epidural Space." Pain Physician 2;17, no. 2;3 (March 14, 2014): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2014/17/155.
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Background: In the cervical spine, the ligamentum flavum (LF) is often incompletely fused at the midline. Therefore, accessing the epidural space (ES) using the loss of resistance (LOR) technique via the midline approach could be less reliable than the paramedian approach. Since the tactile sensation of LOR is due to abrupt loss of pressure upon entering the ES, we have compared pressure changes between the 2 different cervical epidural techniques. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare pressure changes during the pathway to the cervical ES between the 2 approaches. Study Design: A prospective, open-labeled, randomized, comparative study. Setting: An interventional pain management practice in a hospital, Republic of Korea. Methods: The 74 patients were randomly assigned to either a midline or paramedian group. The pressure changes were monitored and classified into 4 grades according to the following criteria: Grade I. The pressure waveform sequence consisted of 3 components in chronological order: 1) a high positive pressure just prior to entering the ES; 2) an abrupt pressure decrease at the moment of entering the ES; and 3) a negative peak pressure before cervical epidural pressure equilibration. Grade II. A high positive pressure followed by a precipitous pressure drop, without negative peak pressure upon entering the ES. Grade III. High positive pressure before entering the ES, followed by continuous pressure decrease without negative pressure. Grade IV. No pressure changes before or after entering the cervical ES. Results: An abrupt pressure decrease at the moment of exiting the LF or entering the ES was more frequently observed when using the paramedian approach (P < 0.05) with the odds ratio of 4.96 (95% CI, 1.63 – 15.12) as compared with the midline approach. Limitations: A correlation between the abrupt pressure decrease and LOR tactile sensation has been assumed. Conclusion: Under the assumption that the LOR sensation is due to an abrupt decrease in pressure the moment the needle enters the ES or exits the LF, this study claims that the accuracy of accessing the cervical ES can be improved significantly using the paramedian approach. Clinical trial: NCT01009385. Institutional Review Board (IRB): H-1208-107-422 Key words: Cervical epidural injection, loss of resistance technique, ligamentum flavum, midline approach, paramedian approach, epidural space
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Landy, Michael, Aotian Yang, and Stephanie Badde. "Integration of somatosensory and proprioceptive sensation in the localization of touch in visual space." Journal of Vision 16, no. 12 (September 1, 2016): 1191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/16.12.1191.
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Salazar Luces, Jose V., Keisuke Okabe, Yoshiki Murao, and Yasuhisa Hirata. "A Phantom-Sensation Based Paradigm for Continuous Vibrotactile Wrist Guidance in Two-Dimensional Space." IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 3, no. 1 (January 2018): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lra.2017.2737480.
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Wang, De-Hui, Xi-li Guan, Li-feng Xiao, Xiao-peng Zhang, Mao-guo Chen, and Ke-min Sun. "Soft tissue chondroma of the parapharyngeal space: a case report." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 112, no. 3 (March 1998): 294–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100158396.
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AbstractBenign chondroma affecting the soft tissues is uncommon. This tumour is particularly rare in the neck. We present the first case of soft tissue chondroma arising in the parapharyngeal space of a 20-year-old man with a two-year history of a gradual sensation of a swelling in the pharynx with increasing snoring. The CT and pathological features of this lesion will be discussed. We suggest that a peroral approach should be considered for benign parapharyngeal tumour which has been demonstrated on imaging to be in the anterior parapharyngeal space, especially for tumours that are medial to the pterygoid muscles even though the tumour is a large one.
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Ashish, Gaurav, Harshad Parmar, and George A. Mathew. "Schwannoma of Posterior Pharyngeal Wall: An Unusual Tumor in an Unusual Location!" An International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Clinics 8, no. 1 (2016): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1223.
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ABSTRACT Schwannomas of head and neck are classically located in the parapharyngeal space; however, it is rarely located on the posterior pharyngeal wall. Posterior pharyngeal wall schwannomas are thought to originate from the sympathetic nerve plexus. Clinically, this may present as an asymptomatic mass with a constellation of symptoms ranging from globus sensation, dysphagia, to even airway compromise. We present a rare case of posterior wall schwannoma. It concerns a young woman with a mass in the posterior wall of the pharynx causing globus sensation. How to cite this article Ashish G, Mathew GA, Parmar H. Schwannoma of Posterior Pharyngeal Wall: An Unusual Tumor in an Unusual Location! Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(1):35-37.
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Kalmár, Ferenc. "An indoor environment evaluation by gender and age using an advanced personalized ventilation system." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 38, no. 5 (April 5, 2017): 505–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624417701985.
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In a closed space, appropriate thermal comfort and proper indoor air quality are extremely important in order to obtain the optimal work performance and to avoid health problems of the occupants. Using advanced personalized ventilation systems, different comfort needs can be locally satisfied even in case of warm environments. Thermal sensation and the subjective evaluation of indoor air quality of young and elderly people, men and women respectively, were studied in warm environment using advanced personalized ventilation system combined with total volume ventilation system. Using an advanced personalized ventilation system, 20 m3 h−1 air flow was alternately introduced by three air terminal devices built-in the desk and placed on a horizontal plane at the head level of the sitting subject. Thermal sensation was significantly cooler in case of young women in comparison with the other groups. Odor intensity was evaluated to be significantly lower in case of elderly women in comparison with the other groups. Evaluation of air freshness is in correlation with the general thermal sensation. Variation of the direction of the air velocity vector has a cooling side-effect, which, in warm environments, might be useful in order to improve the thermal comfort sensation. Practical application: From the basic factors that influence the thermal comfort sensation, air velocity is the one and only parameter that must be treated as a vector. The air flow velocity has an important effect on the convective heat quantity released by the human body, but the changes in the air velocity direction have a cooling side-effect. This cooling side-effect should be exploited properly in warm environments by advanced personalized ventilation systems to improve the thermal comfort sensation of the occupants without supplementary energy use.
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Moura, João Martinho, Né Barros, and Paulo Ferreira-Lopes. "Embodiment in Virtual Reality." International Journal of Creative Interfaces and Computer Graphics 12, no. 1 (January 2021): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcicg.2021010103.
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Virtual reality (VR) has been a prominent idea for exploring new worlds beyond the physical, and in recent decades, it has evolved in many aspects. The notion of immersion and the sense of presence in VR gained new definitions as technological advances took place. However, even today, we can question whether the degrees of immersion achieved through this technology are profound and felt. A fundamental aspect is the sense of embodiment in the virtual space. To what extent do we feel embodied in virtual environments? In this publication, the authors present works that challenge and question the embodiment sensation in VR, specifically in the artistic aspect. They present initial reflections about embodiment in virtuality and analyze the technologies adopted in creating interactive artworks prepared for galleries and theater stage, questioning the sensations caused by the visual embodiment in virtual reality under the perspective of both the audience and the performer.
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Panraluk, Chorpech, and Atch Sreshthaputra. "Thermal Comfort of the Elderly in Public Health Service Buildings of Thailand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 878 (February 2018): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.878.173.
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Thermal comfort of the Thai elderly in air-conditioned space. The quantitative evaluation was conducted using 163 senior participants while recording their expressed satisfaction within the thermal environment in four public health service buildings in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. It revealed that for the Thai elderly, the Predicted Mean Vote could not be used to identify the Thermal Sensation Vote. In addition, the results of this study indicated that personal factors, such as gender, age, and underlying disease correlating affect their Thermal Sensation Vote. Perhaps most significantly, a coincidental finding was that the thermal sensation of the Thai elderly was strongly dependent upon the condition of the occupant’s metabolic syndrome, which belonged to the Non-Communicable Disease group. This study assumed that in the elderly, the metabolic syndrome might have an effect on their metabolic rate (as one of the six factors of thermal comfort). In terms of the environmental factors, the on-site environmental data was collected via field works. It found that the air-conditioned spaces had mean radiant temperatures of 23.20-31.40 °C, this condition would make seniors feel comfortable if the thermal environment in the study areas were controlled: air temperature 23.00-27.80 °C, relative humidity 54.00-73.00% and air velocity 0.08-0.72 m/s. However, some elderly wanted to change this thermal environment to either cooler (10.68%) or warmer (4.85%). Therefore, it should be further study to find the proper thermal environment for covering the most of the seniors in Thailand.
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Rayman, Joshua. "Representationalism in Nietzsche’s Early Physics: Cosmology and Sensation in the Zeitatomenlehre." Nietzsche-Studien 47, no. 1 (November 1, 2018): 167–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nietzstu-2018-0007.
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Abstract Nietzsche’s 1873 fragment, the Zeitatomenlehre, posits a temporal conception of action at a distance where space is reduced to a single point and time consists only in a series of discrete atoms. Taken as a physical doctrine that destroys all spatial difference, this conception raises serious conflicts with the rest of his work. I describe and situate this theory within the historical context of debates over action at a distance in nineteenth-century physics, distinguish it from physical theories influential on Nietzsche, and argue that these conflicts can be resolved only by viewing it in the anti-metaphysical phenomenalist and representational terms that he also expressed in his early work.
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Vasilski, Dragana. "On minimalism in architecture - space as experience." Spatium, no. 36 (2016): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1636061v.
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Architecture has to be experienced to be understood. The complexity of the experience is seen through a better understanding of the relationship between objectivity (architecture) and subjectivity (our life). Being physically, emotionally and psychologically aware of the space we occupy is an experience that could be described as being present, which is a sensation that is personal and difficult to explicitly describe. Research into experience through perception and emotion positions architecture within scientific fields, in particular psychological disciplines. Relying on the standpoints of Immanuel Kant, the paper considers the juxtaposition between (minimalism in) architecture and philosophy on the topic of experience. Starting from the basic aspects of perception and representation of the world around us, a thesis is presented in which the notions of silence and light as experienced in minimalism (in architecture) are considered as adequate counterparts to Kant?s factors of experience - the awareness of the objective order of events and the impossibility to perceive time itself. Through a case study we verify the starting hypothesis on minimalism (in architecture) whereby space becomes an experience of how the world touches us.
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Brunner, Christoph. "Affective Politics of Sensation: Anonymity and Transtemporal Activism in Argentina." Conjunctions. Transdisciplinary Journal of Cultural Participation 2, no. 1 (October 2, 2015): 176–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/tjcp.v2i1.22276.
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This article deals with the aesthetic mobilization of anonymity in Argentine activist practices. Focusing on the specific intervention of El Siluetazo, the public drawing and placarding of nameless silhouettes during the mili- tary dictatorship from 1976 to 1983, anonymity will be explored as instigating an affective politics of sensation. Different from the human rights discourse on disappearance, which is concerned with politics of identification of the disappeared and the repressors, anonymity offers forms of affective relaying beyond identity. The logic of identity will be discussed in relation to a “ distribution of the sensible” that takes aesthetics of sense perception as the target of control (Rancière, 2004). Through investigating the silhouettes not as a universal signifier of disap- pearance but as an aesthetic expression potentially moving across space and time, I will unfold a media ecological conception of activist practices and their capacities of activating transtemporal forms of resistance.
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Hong, Jihee. "Comparison of Epidural Pressure Decrease Pattern According to Different Lumbar Epidural Approaches." Pain Physician 2;23, no. 4;2 (April 14, 2020): E202—E210. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2020/23/e202.
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Background: During lumbar epidural injection (LEI) using a midline approach, we might encounter failure of identifying the epidural space owing to an equivocal or absent loss of resistance (LOR) sensation. The reason for such absence of LOR sensation has been suggested as paucity of midline ligamentum flavum, paravertebral muscle, and cyst in the interspinous ligament of the lumbar spine. Despite its low specificity, LOR is the most commonly used method to identify the epidural space. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze lumbar epidural pressure decrease patterns and identify factors contributing to this pressure decrease. Study Design: Prospective randomized trial. Setting: An interventional pain management practice in South Korea. Methods: This prospective study included 104 patients receiving LEI due to lumbar radiculopathy. A midline or paramedian approach of LEI was determined with randomization. Among various factors, gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and diagnosis were analyzed using a subgroup that included 60 cases of only a paramedian approach. Results: Grades I, II (abrupt decrease), and III (gradual decrease) were found as patterns of epidural pressure decrease. Abrupt pressure decrease was more frequently observed in the paramedian group (P < 0.001). Age, gender, BMI, and diagnosis did not show any significant difference in frequencies between abrupt and gradual pressure decrease. Limitations: We could not match LOR sensation with epidural pressure decrease shown in the monitor. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that abrupt pressure decrease occurs more frequently with the paramedian approach. However, age, gender, BMI, or diagnosis did not affect the incidence of epidural pressure decrease. Key words: Epidural, paramedian, midline, pressure decrease
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Watling, John. "The Importance of ‘If’." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 30 (September 1991): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135824610000775x.
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Every week of term, on Wednesday afternoons, during most of his years at University College, Ayer held a seminar. Strangely, he makes no mention of that seminar in his autobiography, although it was a more serious and productive affair than his Monday evening seminar, which he does mention. At the Wednesday seminar, conditionals were often the subject for discussion. They are intriguing things in themselves but the attention they received must have been due, in large part, to their central role in Ayer's philosophy. Ayer was a phenomenalist, but he did not go so far as that prince of phenomenalists, George Berkeley, and assert that the things around us in space, chairs and tables, trees and rocks and lakes, the sun, moon and stars, were sensations, sensations of various kinds. Ayer's view was more that of John Stuart Mill, that these things were permanent possibilities of sensation. To assert the existence of a lake was to assert that if certain characteristic sensations occurred, then certain other characteristic sensations would follow. In that way, conditionals played a central role in Ayer's phenomenalism. That phenomenalism, however, needed to agree with an even more central element of his thought, the positivism he derived, perhaps from the philosophy of the Vienna Circle, perhaps from David Hume. According to that positivism, experience sets limits to understanding. If we can experience nothing but the presence or absence of sensations, then propositions concerning the presence or absence of sensations are all we can understand. Now a conditional concerning sensations does not imply the presence of sensations and, although it does imply the absence of sensations, it implies more besides. What Ayer's phenomenalism required, his positivism could not allow.
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Pershina, Irina. "Configuration of attractivity in construction." E3S Web of Conferences 281 (2021): 02016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128102016.
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The author analyzes the validity of the use of the term “attractivity” in architectural accessories. The aesthetic side of the phenomenon in the architectural space is taken as a basis. As a methodology for the study of attractivity, a number of methods are used that create primary explanatory formulations. The conceptual content of the term “attractivity” is revealed. The transdisciplinary approach led to the consideration of the functional and semantic content of “attractivity” which reflects the sphere of shocking influences in architecture. The means of implementing the tactics of attractivity are considered. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of artistic vision and understanding of art and architecture, and taking into account the scientific data in the field of physiology and human psychology is devoted to the problems of visual perception, the analysis of the attractiveness of different degrees of emotions of surprise, within the “attractiveness” and “sensation”. The results of the study of the processes that are the basis for the emergence of the phenomenon of sensation, both in the recreational space and in architecture as a whole, are presented. At the same time, the configuration of the phenomenon is proposed as a formative and meaningful category of the spatial pattern of architecture. Sensory orientation is distinguished by the leading representative system. The material presented in the paper contributes to the addition of knowledge in the field of architectural spatial typology, and also determines the possibility of integrating the considered spaces into existing plans for the development of tourist potential.
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Aryal, Pradip, and Thananchai Leephakpreeda. "CFD Analysis on Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality Affected by Partitions in Air-Conditioned Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 836 (June 2016): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.836.121.
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This paper presents a CFD analysis on thermal comfort and indoor air quality affected by partitions in an air-conditioned building. CFD experiments are carried out to simulate variables of indoor air before/after installation or removal of partitions. Accordingly, the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) is determined as an indicator of thermal comfort while the carbon dioxide concentration within an air-conditioned space is used for the assessment of indoor air quality. Some simulated results are validated by measurements with good agreement where a case study is conducted in an air-conditioned space of a library. With the proposed methodology, it can be recommended in a case study that the significant effects of partition on thermal comfort are observed where the area with neutral sensation and slightly-cool sensation reduces significantly. The occupants feel uncomfortably cold after installing partition. The carbon dioxide concentrations slightly increase in some areas but the average concentration remains acceptable according to ASHRAE standard. Without the reinforcement of the air-conditioning units, the installation of partition at the desired location is not encouraged regarding to occupant’s thermal comfort and indoor air quality.
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Stanyon, Miranda. "Second Nature and the Sonic Sublime." Eighteenth-Century Life 45, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 178–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00982601-9273041.
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Like other spaces of the Enlightenment, the sublime was what Michel de Certeau might have called “a practiced place.” Its rhetorical commonplaces, philosophical terrains, and associated physical environments were cultivated, shaped, and framed by human action and habit. But can the sublime—epiphanic, quasi-spiritual, unmasterable, extraordinary—ever really become a habit? Is it possible, even natural, to become habituated to sublimity? Taking as its point of departure the Aristotelian claim that “habit is a second nature,” this article explores the counterintuitive relationship between habit and the sublime. It focuses not on that eighteenth-century “cultivar,” the natural sublime, but on sonic sublimity, exploring on one hand overwhelming sounds, and on the other a conceptualization of sound itself as a sublime phenomenon stretching beyond audibility to fill all space. As this exploration shows, both the sublime and habit were seen as capable of creating a second nature, and prominent writers connected habit, practice, or repetition to the sublime. Equally, however, there are points of friction between the aesthetic of the sublime and philosophies of habit, especially in the idea that habit dulls or removes sensation. This is a prominent idea in Félix Ravaisson's landmark De l'habitude (1838), a text currently enjoying renewed attention, and one that apparently stems from Enlightenment attempts to explain sensation, consciousness, and freedom. Similar concerns inform the eighteenth-century sublime, yet the logic behind the sublime is at odds with the dulling of sensation. The article closes by touching on the reemergence of “second nature” in contemporary art oriented toward the sublime, and on the revisions of Enlightenment nature this involves.
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LIU, YANHUI, GUOQING ZHU, ZHENGQIN LIU, XINYI HU, and RUITAO JIANG. "Tactile design of manipulator fingers based on fingertip/textilefriction-induced vibration stimulations." Industria Textila 71, no. 01 (February 27, 2020): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.071.01.1354.
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Textile-like soft and flexible products are widely used in our daily life. Understanding the relationship between the tactilesensations of textiles and the tactile stimuli is essential for developing humanoid robot’s finger haptic system, especiallyfor certain kind of robot systems such as service robots and exploratory robots. This paper built a frequency space thatcan qualitatively represent a roughness sensation of textiles by a developing independently random match algorithm incombination with neurophysiological features of cutaneous mechanoreceptors. The experimental results show that thesum of amplitude in frequency range between 18 and 118 Hz can effectively describe the roughness sensory of textilewith accuracies of 98.5%. In other words, by applying the sum of amplitude in frequency range between 18 and 118 Hzcould successfully match roughness sensation of textiles, and it will help engineer of humanoid robot design manipulatorfinger haptic system in textile field.