Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Space superficies'

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
A emergência das novas tecnologias de comunicação e informação tem transformado profundamente o modo de produzir mapas. As recentes ferramentas de mapeamento online abriram o mundo dos mapas para as pessoas em geral, permitindo que não cartógrafos criassem, individualmente ou colaborativamente, suas próprias representações espaciais. A presente pesquisa busca investigar as mudanças culturais introduzidas pelas tecnologias do ciberespaço nas práticas de mapeamento e nas representações criadas por elas. Desse modo, iremos apresentar uma discussão teórica sobre os caminhos que a cartografia contemporânea vem tomando nesse novo contexto técnico-cultural
The emergence of new technologies of communication and information has deeply transformed the way of making maps. The recently online mapping tools opened the world of maps to people in general, allowing non-cartographers to create, individually or collaboratively, their own spatial representation. This work searches to investigate the cultural changes introduced by cyberspace technologies in the practices of mapping and in the representations resulted from them. Then, we will present a theoretical discussion about the paths that contemporary cartography has been taking in this new technical-cultural context

Orientadores: Francesco Mercuri, Stefano Montaldo
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica
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Resumo: Neste trabalho estudamos superfícies em variedades Riemannianas homogêneas tridimensionais com condições sobre a geometria intrínseca e/ou extrínseca. Em particular: 1. Resolvemos o Problema de Bjõrling para superfícies mínimas que contêm uma dada faixa analítica em grupos de Lie munidos de uma métrica invariante à esquerda. 2. Classificamos as superfícies de curvatura média constante no produto do plano hiperbólico com a reta real, que são invariantes pela ação de um subgrupo a umparâmetro do grupo das isometrias do espaço ambiente. 3. Classificamos as superfícies de curvatura Gaussiana constante em variedades Riemannianas homogêneas de dimensão três, com particular atenção ao caso do grupo de Heisenberg e do espaço dado pelo produto do plano hiperbólico com a reta real
Abstract: In this work we study surfaces in homogeneous Riemannian manifolds of dimension three with conditions on the intrinsic and/or the extrinsic geometry. En particular: 1. We solve the Bjõrling Problem for minimal surfaces which contain an analytical strip in Lie groups with a left invariant metric. 2. We classify constant mean curvature surfaces in the product of the hyperbolic plane with the realline, which are invariant under the action of a one-parameter subgroup of the isometries group of the ambient space. 3. We classify constant Gaussian curvature surfaces of homogeneous Riemannian manifolds of dimension three, with particular attention for the case of the Heisenberg group and for the product of the hyperbolic plane and the realline
Doutorado
Geometria Diferencial
Doutor em Matemática

Un problema clásico en geometría lorentziana es la descripción de las inmersiones isométricas entre los espacios lorentzianos de curvatura constante. En este trabajo nos centramos en la clasificación de las inmersiones isométricas del plano lorentziano en el espacio anti-de Sitter tridimensional. Damos una fórmula de representación de estas inmersiones en términos de pares de curvas (con posibles singularidades) en el plano hiperbólico. Esto nos permite resolver los problemas propuestos por Dajczer y Nomizu en 1981. De entre todas las inmersiones isométricas del plano lorentziano en el espacio anti-de Sitter, algunas de ellas corresponden a toros lorentzianos (los ejemplos más sencillos son los toros de Hopf). Como aplicación de nuestra anterior descripción, probamos que todos estos toros pueden obtenerse a partir de dos curvas cerradas en el espacio hiperbólico. Finalmente, demostramos que los toros de Hopf son los únicos toros llanos lorentzianos inmersos en una amplia familia de sumersiones de Killing lorentzianas tridimensionales.
A classical problem in Lorentzian geometry is the description of the isometric immersions between Lorentzian spaces of constant curvature. We investigate the problem of classifying the isometric immersion from the Lorentz plane into the three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space, providing a representation formula of these isometric immersions in terms of pairs of curves (possibly with singularities) in the hyperbolic plane. We then give an answer to the open problems proposed by Dajczer and Nomizu in 1981. Among all isometric immersions of the Lorentz plane into the anti-de Sitter space, some of them are actually Lorentzian tori (the basic examples are the Hopf tori). As an application of our previous description, we prove that any such torus can be recovered from two closed curves in the hyperbolic plane. Finally, we prove that Lorentzian Hopf tori are the only immersed Lorentzian flat tori in a wide family of Lorentzian three-dimensional Killing submersions.

Esta pesquisa estudou a relação do homem com seu ambiente. Tal relação consiste em como esse homem, na participação da vida social do município de São Luiz do Paraitinga, SP, construiu vínculos afetivos com as edificações habitação própria e edificações históricas. Para tanto, considerou-se que, no processo sócio-histórico da formação da cidade, houve transformações na representação da sua imagem, assim como nos aspectos simbólicos que permeiam os vínculos afetivos do homem com seu espaço habitado. Os elementos constitutivos do espaço representado sofreram um agudo processo de transformação em virtude da inundação ocorrida na passagem do ano de 2009 para 2010, que provocou, entre outras, a destruição das edificações do centro histórico da cidade e o alagamento das áreas rurais. São pressupostos que o simbolismo da cidade se relaciona com o sentido que o lugar proporciona aos citadinos e também que o apego, derivado da experiência do lugar, fomenta uma relação entre lugar/modos de convivência produção material, valores morais, estilo de vida, memória social, identidade de lugar, cultura e entre outros. Todos esses aspectos compõem um imaginário citadino e transparecem, objetivamente, na imagem da cidade. Foi utilizada a acepção das trincheiras espaciais simbólicas representações produzidas a partir da relação do homem com a casa fundamentando a pesquisa na hipótese de que esta possibilitou maior compreensão dos elementos que emergem das experiências dos citadinos nesse processo, tendo como escopo a vivência das perdas materiais e imateriais e as possíveis transformações no modo de vida das pessoas após o evento. A situação que os citadinos vivenciaram com a perda da habitação pode engendrar representações que indicam cisões de ordem concreta (espaço físico da cidade) e subjetiva (simbolismo) no tecido urbano. Essas cisões estariam sendo construídas a partir do compartilhamento dos significados produzidos em determinados espaços de antagonismo econômico e social. São procedimentos metodológicos: pesquisa documental e bibliográfica de textos (científicos, jornalísticos, governamentais e outros que se mostraram relevantes) elaborados no âmbito de instituições oficiais e grupos informais aplicados; e investigação etnográfica no espaço da cidade (observação e entrevistas com moradores). Tais procedimentos propiciaram a identificação, a descrição e a interpretação das ações humanas após a inundação da cidade e a aproximação desse campo de estudo à análise psicossocial. Foram respeitados os princípios éticos que norteiam o uso de instrumentos científicos em pesquisas que envolvem seres humanos
This research studied the relationship between the man and his environment. Such a relationship deals with how this man, in taking part of the social life of the city of São Luiz do Paraitinga, São Paulo, created emotional links with the buildings own housing and historical buildings. Therefore, it has been considered that, in the social-historical process of the citys formation, there were transformations in the representation of its image, as well as in the symbolical aspects which lead to the emotional links of the man with his dwelt space. The constituent elements of the represented space suffered a sharp process of transformation due to the flood that occurred at the end of 2009/beginning of 2010, which caused, among other things, the destruction of the buildings in the historical downtown and the flood of the rural areas. It is presupposed that the symbolism of the city is linked with the meaning that the place offers to the inhabitants and also that the attachment, coming from the experience of the place, gives birth to a relationship between place/ways of cohabitation material production, moral values, style of living, social memory, places identity, culture and so on. All of these aspects compose a local imaginary and come out, objectively, in the image of the city. It has been used the acceptation of the symbolical spatial trenches representations produced by the relationship of the man with the house grounding the research in the hypothesis that this made possible a better comprehension of the elements which surge from the inhabitants experiences in this process, having as a focus the living of the material and immaterial losses and the possible transformations in the way of living of the people after the events. The situation that the inhabitants lived with the loss of their housing can lead to representations which indicate scissions of concrete order (physical space of the city) and subjective (symbolism) in the urban tissue. These scissions would be built from the sharing of the meanings produced in certain spaces of economical and social antagonism.These are methodological procedures: documental and bibliographical research of texts (scientific, journalistic, governmental and others which showed themselves relevant) elaborated in official institutions and informal applied groups; and ethnographic investigation in the citys space (observation and interviews with inhabitants). Such procedures led to the identification, the description and the interpretation of the human actions after the citys flood and the approximation of this study field to the psycho-social analyze. The ethical principles, which orientate the use of scientific instruments in researches involving human beings, were respected

Orientador: Wilkens Aurelio Buarque e Silva
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o espaço funcional livre e as modificações na posição da mandíbula, no plano sagital (ântero-posterior) e no plano frontal látero-lateral), utilizando a eletrognatografia computadorizada (K6-I Diagnostic System, Myotronics Co, U.S.A.), em pacientes portadores de alterações funcionais do sistema estomatognático, tratados com aparelhos de superfície oclusal plana modificados (com guias em incisivos e caninos). A amostra aleatória foi composta por 15 pacientes submetidos aos exames previstos na ficha clínica do CETASE (Centro de Estudos e Tratamento das Alterações do Sistema Estomatognático) para a confirmação das variáveis para inclusão e para exclusão na amostra, dentre elas os portadores de alterações degenerativas. As avaliações foram realizadas antes da instalação dos aparelhos, com 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias após a instalação dos mesmos. Os resultados mostraram que o espaço funcional livre teve aumento significativo em função do tempo de tratamento
Abstract: The aim of this research was to evaluate changes in the mandible position, in sagittal plane (anteroposterior) and in frontal plane, using computerized electrognathography (K6-I Diagnostic System, Myotronics Co, U.S.A.) in patients who suffer from functional changes in the stomatognathic system, treated with modified flat occlusal surface appliances (guidances on incisors and canines). The random sample was composed of 15 patients submitted to examinations foreseen on the CETASE (Center of Studies and Treatment of stomatognathic System Alterations) history chart, to confirm variables for inclusion and for exclusion on the sample, including patients suffering from degenerative changes. The evaluations were taken before the appliances were set and within 30,60,90 and 120 days after. The results showed that the free-way space had an statistically significant difference higher on behalf of time treatment
Doutorado
Protese Dental
Doutor em Clínica Odontológica

Orientador: Marcos Benevuto Jardim
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica
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Resumo: Construímos a transformada de Nahm de um fibrado de Higgs estável de grau nulo sobre uma superfície de Riemann de gênero pelo menos 2. Para tanto, empregamos a Teoria do Índice de Atiyah-Singer e um vanishing theorem que segue da hipótese de estabilidade do fibrado. O principal resultado é que o fibrado transformado é hiperholomorfo e sem fatores planos. Desse modo não só recuperamos os resultados algébricos de [7] e os de [12] para o cos q = 0 como também provamos uma descrição mais detalhada da estrutura geométrica da transformada ¿ o que, aliada às técnicas de [10] sugere que ela possa ser invertida. Palavras-chave: Superfícies de Riemann, Fibrados Estáveis, Teoria do Índice, Transformada de Nahm, Transformada de Fourier-Mukai, Variedades Hiper-Kähler, Variedades Abelianas, Conexões Hiperholomorfas
Abstract: We construct the Nahm transform of a stable, degree-zero Higgs bundle on a Riemann surface of genus at least 2. Atiyah-Singer¿s index theorem is the basic tool employed, along with a vanishing theorem which is due to the stability hypothesis. Our main result is that the transformed bundle is hyperholomorphic and without flat factors. This not only recovers the algebraic results of [7] and that of [12] for the cos q = 0, but also provides a more detailed description of the geometric structure of the transformed bundle. Such results suggest that this Nahm transform can be inverted, cf. [10]. Key-words:Riemann surfaces, Stable bundles, Index Theory, Nahm Transform, Fourier-Mukai Transform, Hyperk¨ahler manifolds, Abelian varieties, Hyperholomorphic connections
Mestrado
Geometria Diferencial/Geometria algebrica
Mestre em Matemática

In this thesis we study the space of compact connected oriented genus g subsurfaces of a fixed manifold M, and in particular its homological properties. We construct a “scanning map” which compares this space to the space of sections of a certain fibre bundle over M associated to its tangent bundle, and show that this map induces an isomorphism on homology in a range of degrees. Our results are analogous to McDuff’s theorem on configuration spaces, extended from 0-submanifolds to 2-submanifolds.
En esta tesis estudiamos el espacio de subsuperficies compactas, conexas y orientadas de género g de una variedad ambiente M, y en particular sus propiedades homológicas. En particular, construimos una aplicación scanning que compara este espacio con el espacio de secciones de un cierto fibrado sobre M asociado a su fibrado tangente, y mostramos que esta aplicación induce un isomorfismo en homología en cierto rango. Nuestros resultados son análogos al teorema de McDuff sobre espacios de configuraciones, generalizados de 0-subvariedades a 2-subvariedades.

Syftet med studien var att belysa och analysera förekomsten samt betydelsen av ytliga samtal för äldre. Syftet var också att undersöka vilken betydelse ytliga samtal kan ha i äldres vardag och om det kan bidra till att skapa sociala gemenskaper. Utifrån syftet har studien haft följande frågeställningar: Hur kan ytliga samtal beskrivas och vad förmedlas i dessa samtal? Vilken betydelse har platsen för att skapa ytliga samtal? Hur kan ytliga samtal och platsen tillsammans bidra till att skapa sociala gemenskaper för äldre? Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och den vetenskapsteoretiska utgångspunkten är kritisk realism. Det empiriska material är inhämtat på en kommunalt driven lunchrestaurang. Sju deltagande observationer har genomförts, med cirka fyra informella intervjuer vid varje observationstillfälle. Vidare har fyra formella intervjuer genomförts, dessa har varit kvalitativa intervjuer; en kombination mellan semistrukturerad och ostrukturerad intervju. I samband med observationerna har dessa dokumenteras genom fältanteckningar, dessutom har alla formella intervjuer transkriberats. Respondenterna är män i åldrarna 40-90 år som lever ensamma i eget boende. Studiens resultat visar att det finns utvecklade sociala relationer på restaurangen som kan kategoriseras som tunna nätverksband. Resultatet visar också hur dessa sociala relationer kommer till uttryck och betydelsen av dessa nätverksband i förhållande till platsen. Resultaten har analyserats i förhållande till studiens teoretiska ram och tidigare forskning. Studiens slutsatser är att det ytliga samtalet har en betydelse för äldre att skapa sociala gemenskaper. Det visar även på att platsen har en betydelse, både ställt som sig själv men även i samverkan med det ytliga samtalet, för att skapa dessa gemenskaper. Platsen bidrar till att tunna nätverksband utvecklas och det ytliga samtalet bidrar till denna utveckling och håller dessa sociala relationer levande. En ökad förståelse om det ytliga samtalets betydelse skulle i socialpedagogiskt arbete kunna bidra till att hitta nya vägar för att förebygga socialt utanförskap och i arbetet med att utveckla mötesplatser för äldre.
The purpose of the study was to illustrate and analyze the occurrence and meaning of superficial conversation for senior citizens. The purpose was also to investigate what meaning superficial conversations can have regarding everyday life for the elderly and if it can contribute in creating social communities. Based on the objective of the study the following questions were formed: How can superficial conversations be described and what can be conveyed in these conversations? Of what importance is the place in creating superficial conversation? How can superficial conversation in conjunction with the place contribute to establishing social communities for the elderly? The study has a qualitative approach and the scientifically theoretical standpoint is critical realism. The empirical material has been gathered from a municipally driven diner. Seven participating observations has been conducted, where around four informal interviews have been conducted for every observation session. Furthermore four formal interviews were conducted; these have been qualitative interviews; a combination of semistructured and unstructured interviewing. Field notes were taken in conjunction to the observations and all formal interviews have been transcribed. The respondents are men in the ages 40-90 years old, living alone in private properties. The results of the study demonstrates that there are developed social relations at the restaurant which can be categorized as thin ties. The results also display how these social relations are expressed and the meaning of these thin ties in relation to the place. The results have been analyzed in relation to the studies theoretical framework and previous research. The conclusion is that the superficial conversation has a deeper meaning as a means for the elderly to create social communities. It also shows that the place is important, both in itself but also in conjunction with superficial conversation to help create these communities. The place is a contributing factor in the development of thin ties and superficial conversation nourishes this development and keeps these social relations alive. An increased understanding regarding the importance of superficial conversation would facilitate the social pedagogical work for finding new ways of preventing social exclusion and in the development of social meeting places for elderly people.

Orientador: Edson Luís Piroli
Resumo: No processo de produção do espaço geográfico, o homem promove mudanças no uso da terra e, consequentemente, alterações no ciclo hidrológico, que dão origem a impactos ambientais negativos, tais como o aumento das taxas de erosão do solo, da exportação de sedimentos das bacias hidrográficas e do escoamento superficial, principalmente quando reduz ou elimina a cobertura vegetal. Tais impactos são observados na bacia do Ribeirão São Domingos, localizada no município de Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo – SP, que passou pelos processos de expansão urbana e intensificação da ocupação agrícola a partir da década de 1970. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desta tese foi analisar a influência das transformações ocorridas no uso da terra da referida bacia hidrográfica desde a década de 1960 e em cenários futuros de uso na configuração dos processos de erosão, aporte de sedimentos e escoamento superficial, por meio de modelagem, como subsídio ao ordenamento territorial urbano e rural. Para tanto, foi necessário: caracterizar os usos da terra passados e atuais; simular os cenários futuros; levantar, caracterizar e mapear os solos da área de estudo; ajustar a equação Intensidade-Duração-Frequência (IDF) para utilização nos estudos hidrológicos; realizar as modelagens de erosão e hidrológica; analisar os instrumentos de ordenamento territorial e parcelamento do solo do Plano Diretor do município e propor as alterações necessárias à redução do escoamento superficial e do perigo de inundação na bacia. A met... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: In the process of producing the geographical space, humans promote changes in land use and, consequently, changes in the hydrological cycle, which generate negative environmental impacts such as an increase in soil erosion rates, sediment yield and surface runoff at the watershed outlets, especially when the vegetal cover is reduced or eliminated. These impacts are observed in São Domingos stream watershed, located in the municipality of Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, in São Paulo state, which has undergone urban expansion and intensification of agricultural use since the 1970s. In this context, this thesis aims to analyze the influence of land use changes in this watershed, since the 1960s and in future use scenarios, in the configuration of erosion processes, sediment yield, and surface runoff by means of modeling, as a subsidy to the urban and rural land use planning. Aiming this objective, the following steps were necessary: to characterize the past and current land uses; to simulate future scenarios; to survey, characterize and map the soils of the study site; to adjust the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) equation to be used in hydrological studies; to perform erosion and hydrologic modeling; to analyze the land use planning and soil parceling instruments of the municipality’s master plan and to propose the necessary changes in order to reduce runoff and flood hazard in the watershed. The methodology was based on the production of land use maps for the years 1962, 1984, 200... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor

L’objet de cette thèse est d’analyser le processus de construction et de délimitation des territoires communaux au Sénégal. En effet, au Sénégal, les communes constituent les collectivités territoriales de base. Elles sont dotées de la personnalité morale et de l’autonomie financière. Elles sont créées par décret, qui doit se traduire concrètement par un découpage territoriale. Cependant, la création de nouveaux territoires au Sénégal s’accompagne très rarement d’une matérialisation de leurs limites spatiales. Ce phénomène entraîne un grand flou autour de la limite et occasionne divers conflits qui entravent la gestion et le développement des collectivités dont le territoire physique reste plus ou moins mal connu. C’est dans ce contexte que nous nous sommes intéressés au processus de découpages administratifs pour comprendre comment les limites territoriales sont définies et se mettent en place ? Quels rôles elles jouent dans la gestion, l’appropriation, la cohésion et le développement des territoires qu’elles contribuent à créer et dont elles constituent une composante déterminante ? Quelle est l’existence réelle de ces territoires ? Que représentent-elles pour les acteurs ? C’est à ces préoccupations que cette thèse a tenté de répondre, à travers l’exemple de 5 communes dans la région de Saint-Louis. Cette recherche a été mené sur la base d'une approche systémique, la conduite des entretiens semi-directifs et l'usage des cartes mentales. L'objectif étant d'analyser et de comprendre le processus complexe de construction des limites et des territoires
The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the process of construction and delimitation of communal territories in Senegal. Indeed, in Senegal, the communes constitute the basic territorial collectivities. They have legal personality and financial autonomy. They are created by decree, which must be concretely translated into a territorial division. However, the creation of new territories in Senegal is very rarely accompanied by a materialization of their spatial limits. This phenomenon creates a great deal of uncertainty around the boundary and causes various conflicts that hinder the management and development of communities whose physical territory remains more or less poorly known. It is in this context that we are interested in the process of administrative divisions to understand how territorial boundaries are defined and set up ? What roles do they play in the management, ownership, cohesion and development of the territories they contribute to create and of which they constitute a determining component ? What is the real existence of these territories ? What do they represent for the actors? It is to these concerns that this thesis has tried to answer, through the example of 5 communes in the Saint-Louis region.This research was conducted on the basis of a systemic approach, the conduct of semi-structured interviews and the use of mind maps. The goal is to analyze and understand the complex process of building boundaries and territories

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The Weierstrass representation of minimal surfaces in R3 and its generalization to Rn shows is a very useful tool in the study of minimal surfaces in these spaces. In this work we want to describe a type Weierstrass representation for immersions simply connected in the group of Heisenberg H3. Using applications harmonics is possible obtain a formula for general representation, type Weierstrass for minimal immersions in manifolds Riemannian simply connected general, is that, useful of point view theoretical, however it is very difficult find solutions explicit. The dimention 3 and the structure of group Lie of the group of Heisenberg H3 allow a description Geometric simple and we can get some classic examples.
A representação deWeierstrass para superfícies mínimas em R3 e sua generalização a Rn mostra-se uma ferramenta muito útil no estudo de superfícies mínimas nestes espaços. Neste trabalho pretendemos descrever uma representação tipo Weierstrass para imersões simplesmente conexas no grupo de Heisenberg H3. Usando aplicações harmónicas é possível obter uma fórmula de representação geral, tipo Weierstrass, para imersões mínimas simplesmente conexas em variedades Riemannianas gerais, isto é útil do ponto de vista teórico, entretanto é muito difícil encontrar soluções explicitas. A dimensão 3 e a estrutura de grupo de Lie do grupo de Heisenberg H3 permitem uma descrição geométrica simples e podemos obter alguns exemplos clássicos.

Using the orbicell decomposition of the Deligne-Mumford compactification of the moduli space of Riemann surfaces studied before by the author, a chain complex based on semistable ribbon graphs is constructed which is an extension of the Konsevich’s graph homology.
En este trabajo mediante la descomposicion orbicelular de la compacticacion de Deligne-Mumford del espacio de moduli de supercies de Riemann (estudiada antes por el autor) construimos un complejo basado en grafos de cinta semiestables, lo cual constituye una extension de la homologa de grafos de Kontsevich.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Geometry, topology and elasticity are found in various branchs of physics and they play important roles in the understanding of many physical phenomena. In this work, we present three diferent systems where we can see such importance. First, a quantum neutral particle, constrained to move on a conical surface, is used as a toy model to explore bound states due to both a inverse squared distance potential and a delta-function potential, which appear naturally in the model due the geometry and topology of the cone. In the second one, we propose a method for probing the effects of curved 3-space by using materials with large coefficients of thermal expansion. Studying their fluctuations can be naturally cast in terms of a nonflat background geometry. In the last one, we determine the elastic-mediated interaction between colloidal nanoparticles adsorbed on the surface of free-standing smectic films. In contrast with the short-range character of the elastic- mediated force between particles adsorbed on smectic films supported by a solid substrate, the effective force acquires a long-range character in free-standing films, thus playing an important role in the formation of self-assembly structures in these systems.
A geometria, topologia e elasticidade estão presentes em vários ramos da física, e desempemham papel fundamental no entendimento de vários fenômenos físicos. Nesse trabalho, apresentamos três sistemas distintos onde podemos ver esse papéis. No primeiro, uma partícula quântica neutra confinada a mover-se em uma superfície cônica é usada como modelo para explorar estados ligados devido a um potencial proporcional ao inverso do quadrado da distância e devido a um potencial tipo delta. Ambos potenciais aparecem naturalmente devido a geometria e topologia do cone. No segundo, propomos um método de sondar os efeitos de um espaço curvo tridimensional usando materiais de grande coeficiente de expansão térmica. Neste caso, os três ingredientes citados acima são importantes para o entendimento do problema. Por fim, determinamos a interação entre nanocolóides adsorvidos na superfície de um filme esmético livremente suspenso. Essa interação é mediada por deformações elásticas no filme esmético; ela é de longo alcance, o que é importante para a formação de estruturas coloidais auto organizadas na superfície de tal filme.

碩士
國立臺灣大學
社會學研究所
103
I develop an institutional analysis of BOT (Build, Operate, Transfer) and Superficies Auction, both of which a form of public land development under the “Promotion of Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects”—a “public-private partnerships” (PPPs) policy in Taiwan. Applying insights from organizational theories and economic sociology, I view the institution of superficies development inaugurated by Taipei City government as a field consists of transactions and relational works through which the actors, including the bureaucrats, consulting and construction companies, citizens and their representatives, routinely interact with each other via certain organizational forms, techniques and scripts. A brief history and dynamics of the field is also provided. Findings are to the surprise of the theory of capital accumulation and urban regime, nor do they support the rent seeking structure found in many other cities in Taiwan. The institutionalization of superficies development reflects the fiscal, developmental and legitimate needs of the post-authoritative KMT government since the late 1980s, through which a kind of loosely coupled “arm’s-length embeddedness” has emerged between the highly autonomous Taipei City government and construction companies. Such embeddedness is characterized by both its solidarity symbolized by contracts between the government and the construction companies and its tension that can be effectively reduced by institutional buffers such as review committees. Therefore, order and systematic exclusion of citizens are made up, although the public and private sectors are by no means well coordinated to facilitate developmental projects and instead constantly mobilize their own resources trying to manipulate existing rules according to their sensemaking of the present agendas of the field.

碩士
逢甲大學
土地管理學系
88
Abstract The two trends of land use are three-dimensional and future interest. Space Superficies system conforms to the trend of land use. In this essay,we discusses Space Superficies system, condominiums rebuilding, and transport land requisition. After studying, we get some results: 1.In Space Superficies system, we find that Space Superficies system can apply to condominiums, transfer the right part, and so on. 2.In condominiums rebuilding, we find that Space Superficies system is better than land share because it can solve the problem that occurs in land-share rebuilding. 3.Compared with the other systems, Space Superficies system is not the best ;nevertheless, in requisitioning transportation land, we find that it is better than ownership and lease. Although Space Superficies system has many advantages, we should revise and improve laws to harmonize with it;therefore,to make the system better,we give some suggestions to reedit laws.