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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spaces of action'
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1
Earnest, Caleb A. "Dynamic action spaces for autonomous search operations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46549.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-150).
This thesis presents a new approach for a Navy unmanned undersea vehicle (UUV) to search for and detect an evading contact. This approach uses a contact position distribution from a generic particle filter to estimate the state of a single moving contact and to plan the path that minimizes the uncertainty in the location of the contact. The search algorithms introduced in this thesis will implement a motion planner that searches for a contact with the following information available to the decision system: (1) null measurement (i.e., contact not detected at current time), (2) timedated measurement (i.e., clue found at current time that indicates contact was at this location in the past), and (3) bearings measurement (i.e., angular measurement towards contact position detected at current time). The results of this thesis will be arrived at by evaluating the best methods to utilize the three types of information. The underlying distribution of the contact state space will be modeled using a generic particle filter, due to the highly non-Gaussian distributions that result from the conditions mentioned above. Using the particle filter distribution and the measurements acquired from the three conditions, this thesis will work towards implementing a path planning algorithm that creates dynamic action spaces that evaluate the uncertainty of position distribution. Ultimately, the path planner will choose the path that contains the position distribution and leads to sustained searches.
by Caleb A. Earnest.
S.M.
2
Pinhanez, Claudio S. "Representation and recognition of action in interactive spaces." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62342.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (p. 246-258).
This thesis presents new theory and technology for the representation and recognition of complex, context-sensitive human actions in interactive spaces. To represent action and interaction a symbolic framework has been developed based on Roger Schank's conceptualizations, augmented by a mechanism to represent the temporal structure of the sub-actions based on Allen's interval algebra networks. To overcome the exponential nature of temporal constraint propagation in such networks, we have developed the PNF propagation algorithm based on the projection of IA-networks into simplified, 3-valued (past, now, future) constraint networks called PNF-networks. The PNF propagation algorithm has been applied to an action recognition vision system that handles actions composed of multiple, parallel threads of sub-actions, in situations that can not be efficiently dealt by the commonly used temporal representation schemes such as finite-state machines and HMMs. The PNF propagation algorithm is also the basis of interval scripts, a scripting paradigm for interactive systems that represents interaction as a set of temporal constraints between the individual components of the interaction. Unlike previously proposed non-procedural scripting methods, we use a strong temporal representation (allowing, for example, mutually exclusive actions) and perform control by propagating the temporal constraints in real-time. These concepts have been tested in the context of four projects involving story-driven interactive spaces. The action representation framework has been used in the Intelligent Studio project to enhance the control of automatic cameras in a TV studio. Interval scripts have been extensively employed in the development of "SingSong ", a short interactive performance that introduced the idea of live interaction with computer graphics characters; in "It/I", a full-length computer theater play; and in "It", an interactive art installation based on the play "It /I" that realizes our concept of immersive stages, that is, interactive spaces that can be used both by performers and public.
by Claudio Santos Pinhanez.
Ph.D.
3
Losert, Bernd. "Extensions of S-spaces." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5807.
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Given a convergence space X, a continuous action of a convergence semigroup S on X and a compactification Y of X, under what conditions on X and the action on X is it possible to extend the action to a continuous action on Y. Similarly, given a Cauchy space X, a Cauchy continuous action of a Cauchy semigroup S on X and a completion Y of X, under what conditions on X and the action on X is it possible to extend the action to a Cauchy continuous action on Y. We answer the first question for some particular compactifications like the one-point compactification and the star compactification as well as for the class of regular compactifications. We answer the second question for the class of regular strict completions. Using these results, we give sufficient conditions under which the pseudoquotient of a compactification/completion of a space is the compactification/completion of the pseudoquotient of the given space.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Mathematics
Sciences
Mathematics
4
Popov, Vladimir L., and popov@ppc msk ru. "On Polynomial Automorphisms of Affine Spaces." ESI preprints, 2000. ftp://ftp.esi.ac.at/pub/Preprints/esi938.ps.
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Ewing, Gabriel. "Knowledge Transfer from Expert Demonstrations in Continuous State-Action Spaces." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1512748071082221.
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6
Dackiw, Vladimir Nicholas. "Just spaces, just places : towards a theory of justice for human action in time and space." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73265.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1985.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 162-166).
The public role of effectively guiding, evaluating and prescribing the physical places, patterns and forms we produce and live in according to commonly held external socio-political ideals has been extremely constrained by our limited knowledge of the significance and consequences of the physical environments we produce and live in, and by incomplete social and planning theories that isolate intentions from actions, processes from ideals, individuals from institutions, and space from society . Central to all of these limits of knowledge and fragments of theory is an inadequately developed theory of human act, acting, and action in space and time. We are unable to identify the significant patterns of human activity , in their forms and consequences, and we are unable to do so in an easily understandable way. Action is confused with acts and acting. For there to be an effective, significant and qualitative public debate we must first extend our knowledge of the significance and consequences of the environments we produce and live in, to include a theory of human action in these environments. Only after this theory has been developed can we effectively debate the forms that we produce according to commonly held socio-political ideals. Justice can exist in environments, and environments do contribute to justice. They can and do if we understand environments as structures of human action in time and space, and if we understand justice as a complex ideal consisting of aspects of equality, liberty, opportunity, participation, and difference.
by Vladimir Nicholas Dackiw.
M.S.
7
Zhang, Ran. "Confrontation or cooperation spaces of action for student grievance in Chinese universities /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3378389.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, School of Education, 2009.Title from home page (viewed on Jul 12, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-10, Section: A, page: 3782. Advisers: Heidi A. Ross; Martha McCarthy.
8
Cowell, Gillian. "Curating places : civic action, civic learning, and the construction of public spaces." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/13062.
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This research involves understanding the civic learning that emerged from the ways individuals in two civic action groups, Greenhill Historical Society (GHS) in Bonnybridge, a deindustrialised location, and Cumbernauld Village Action for the Community (CVAC) in Cumbernauld Village, a Conservation Area, enacted their citizenship through the spatial (geographical) and temporal (historical) characteristics of their place. I use a citizenship-as-practice conceptualisation, where citizenship is not a status ‘given’ to individuals who have successfully displayed pre-requisite outcomes, but is a continuous and indeterminate practice through exposure to real challenges. To understand the learning occurring for, from and through their practices, I used Biesta’s theory of civic learning (Biesta, 2011). It involves a socialisation conception of civic learning as the adoption of existing civic identities, where individuals adapt to a given political order, and a subjectification conception which focuses on how political agency is achieved. The theory connects learning and action together, where Biesta argues socialisation involves the individual requiring to learn something in order to carry out the ‘correct’ actions in the future; however, subjectification involves action preceding learning, where learning comes second, if at all. I used a case study design and a psychogeographic mapping methodology involving secondary data analysis, psychogeographic mapping interviews and observations. Civic action emerged as a more central component than civic learning through my empirical analysis. The civic actions of GHS emerged as a case of reconsideration (redefining, re-meaning their location through interventions in public), and CVAC of reconfiguration (actions physically altering the landscape). These actions concerning space and time involved spatial shifts from mapreading to mapmaking, and temporal shifts from histories ‘of’ and ‘for’ the public, towards histories ‘by’ the public. Respondents became ‘curators’ of their places: from spectators to participants in making and representing spaces and histories that opened their locations to interruptions of the continuities of time. Attending to practices of citizens with space and time contains possibilities for public pedagogies that work ‘with’ context rather than just ‘in’, towards opening up opportunities for citizens to ‘become public’ as practices that trouble pre-existing arrangements and configurations.
9
Meyerricks, Svenja. "Community projects as liminal spaces for climate action and sustainability practices in Scotland." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6701.
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The potential of communities for sustainability learning and governance has generated substantial interest in sustainability discourses, but their specific roles and remits are not always critically examined. This thesis' original contribution to these discourses lies in the analysis of community projects as liminal spaces for pro-sustainable change that are limited in scope within wider political landscapes that do not sufficiently address wider challenges of an unravelling biosphere. The particular manifestation of community projects which emerges in Scotland as a result of Climate Challenge Fund funding made available by the Scottish Government is one example of sustainability governance at a local level. The present study draws upon data from field notes of eleven months of fieldwork, and semi-structured interviews with fifty-two informants, constructing two case studies with references to a third one. A transdisciplinary analysis of findings examines leadership and organisational structures and their implication for governance, and similarities and differences in practices and values identified within the case studies. Community projects are described as liminal spaces which facilitate the learning, practice-based and theoretical knowledge of sustainable practices (such as food growing or energy efficiency), and stimulate thinking on behalf of the group of participants or wider community. Community projects may also build temporary spaces demonstrating sustainable solutions visible to passers-by (such as raised vegetable beds in community gardens, or second-hand clothing in a swap shop). However, the longevity of these solutions is uncertain once the grant funding has come to an end. It is argued that in wider Scottish society, high-carbon lifestyles, inequalities and economic growth are the norm, and sustainable practices, community sustainability governance of tangible assets, and Education for Sustainable Development need to become less marginal and more widely embedded across all social and economic institutions.
10
Smith, Andrew James. "Dynamic generalisation of continuous action spaces in reinforcement learning : a neurally inspired approach." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/634.
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This thesis is about the dynamic generalisation of continuous action spaces in reinforcement learning problems. The standard Reinforcement Learning (RL) account provides a principled and comprehensive means of optimising a scalar reward signal in a Markov Decision Process. However, the theory itself does not directly address the imperative issue of generalisation which naturally arises as a consequence of large or continuous state and action spaces. A current thrust of research is aimed at fusing the generalisation capabilities of supervised (and unsupervised) learning techniques with the RL theory. An example par excellence is Tesauro’s TD-Gammon. Although much effort has gone into researching ways to represent and generalise over the input space, much less attention has been paid to the action space. This thesis first considers the motivation for learning real-valued actions, and then proposes a set of key properties desirable in any candidate algorithm addressing generalisation of both input and action spaces. These properties include: Provision of adaptive and online generalisation, adherence to the standard theory with a central focus on estimating expected reward, provision for real-valued states and actions, and full support for a real-valued discounted reward signal. Of particular interest are issues pertaining to robustness in non-stationary environments, scalability, and efficiency for real-time learning in applications such as robotics. Since exploring the action space is discovered to be a potentially costly process, the system should also be flexible enough to enable maximum reuse of learned actions. A new approach is proposed which succeeds for the first time in addressing all of the key issues identified. The algorithm, which is based on the ubiquitous self-organising map, is analysed and compared with other techniques including those based on the backpropagation algorithm. The investigation uncovers some important implications of the differences between these two particular approaches with respect to RL. In particular, the distributed representation of the multi-layer perceptron is judged to be something of a double-edged sword offering more sophisticated and more scalable generalising power, but potentially causing problems in dynamic or non-equiprobable environments, and tasks involving a highly varying input-output mapping. The thesis concludes that the self-organising map can be used in conjunction with current RL theory to provide real-time dynamic representation and generalisation of continuous action spaces. The proposed model is shown to be reliable in non-stationary, unpredictable and noisy environments and judged to be unique in addressing and satisfying a number of desirable properties identified as important to a large class of RL problems.
11
Jönsson, Jonatan, and Felix Stenbäck. "Monte-Carlo Tree Search in Continuous Action Spaces for Autonomous Racing : F1-tenth." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42442.
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Autonomous cars involve problems with control and planning. In thispaper, we implement and evaluate an autonomous agent based ona Monte-Carlo Tree Search in continuous action space. To facilitatethe algorithm, we extend an existing simulation framework and usea GPU for faster calculations. We compare three action generatorsand two rewards functions. The results show that MCTS convergesto an effective driving agent in static environments. However, it onlysucceeds at driving slow speeds in real-time. We discuss the problemsthat arise in dynamic and static environments and look to future workin improving the simulation tool and the MCTS algorithm. See code, https://github.com/felrock/PyRacecarSimulator
12
Nilsson, Frida. "Creating spaces for action. ANC-women politicians' views on bridewealth and gender-related power." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Sociology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4004.
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The first aim of this work has been to analyse and understand the ways in which a group of ANC-women politicians reason about bridewealth/lobola – an institution about which they express differing views, in particular about whether or not it is oppressive to women. The main body of the empirical material is based on 27 interviews conducted in South Africa in the period 1996-1998.
One finding of the study is that there are explicit defining discourses on lobola as well as more implicitly expressed understandings. The explicit discourses make a distinction between ’good lobola’ – which is expressed in a family-related discourse as ’a bond between families’ – and ’bad lobola’ which is expressed in, for instance, an economic discourse about ’the purchase of women’. The family-related discourse is interpreted as part of a discursive strategy to create spaces for action with respect to relations of gender-related power. (Re)definitions of lobola may be used not only to counter men’s abuse of monetary lobola but also to counter ’traditional’ gender meanings associated with lobola. Furthermore, explicit discourses on lobola are interpreted as a ‘political discourse’ which is formed both in relation to pragmatic ‘political realities’ but also in relation to hegemonic Western discourses. The political discourse on lobola in connection with ‘African identity’ constitutes a discursive strategy to provide discursive space in order for ’Africans’ to be able to (re)interpret a cherished but also controversial institution.
A second aim of the study has been of a self-reflexive character. It consitutes a critique of a ‘doing gender’ theoretical perspective as well as an attempt to transcend the ‘actor/structure dichotomy’ in sociological analysis.
13
Chishwashwa, Nyumbu. "Pairings of Binary reflexive relational structures." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_7126_1256734489.
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The main purpose of this thesis is to study the interplay between relational structures and topology , and to portray pairings in terms of some finite poset models and order preserving maps. We show the interrelations between the categories of topological spaces, closure spaces and relational structures. We study the 4-point non-Hausdorff model S4 weakly homotopy equivalent to the circle S1. We study pairings of some objects in the category of relational structures similar to the multiplication S4 x S4- S4 S4 fails to be order preserving for posets. Nevertheless, applying a single barycentric subdivision on S4 to get S8, an 8-point model of the circle enables us to define an order preserving poset map S8 x S8- S4. Restricted to the axes, this map yields weak homotopy equivalences S8 x S8, we obtain a version of the Hopf map S8 x S8s - SS4. This model of the Hopf map is in fact a map of non-Hausdorff double map cylinders.
14
McDonald, Gavin Dean. "Educators engaging in philosophical conversational spaces : participatory action research as a model for initiating change." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/51658.
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This study examined the impact that the establishment of a philosophical conversational space would have on a group of participants and their school context. Specifically, the research questions focused on what effects this participation would have in terms of motivation and morale, sense of professional community, and also its effect upon teaching practice in the classroom. In addition, the study sought to determine in what ways educational institutions can be recreated to include meaningful spaces for philosophical inquiry and critique. This study is informed by critical theory and thus views research as an opportunity to critically analyze the ways in which educational institutions function. Using participatory action research as a methodological foundation for the study allowed participants to play an integral role within the research project. Several themes emerged from the research. The first theme highlighted the importance of the diversity of the group and the sense of community that developed through the study. The second theme identified the importance of using philosophical texts to initiate critical reflection and the interrogation of each participant’s teaching experiences within the school while inspiring possibilities for change. The third important factor to emerge was the way in which participatory action research facilitated the creation of a space in which participants experienced a sense of agency while working together to develop an action plan within the context of their school community. The research suggests there is great value in the creation of conversational spaces that utilize the resources of educational philosophy. It also highlights how participatory action research can be a valuable vehicle in the development and initiation of such spaces in which participants can experience a greater sense of agency as they pursue opportunities for personal growth and institutional transformation.Education, Faculty of
Educational Studies (EDST), Department of
Graduate
15
Manvell, Adam Phillip Hamilton. "Action spaces, differentiation & the dryland farm : a case study from the Dakoro region of Niger." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423781.
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Bhatch, Michael Shakib. "Imagining multilingual spaces through scripted 'codeswitching' in multilingual performance: a case study of '7de Laan'." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6224_1360931285.
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This thesis examines how multilingual spaces in South Africa are imagined and reconstructed through the use of scripted codeswitching in 7de Laan. It explores how the socio-political discourses and other ideologies from the broader South African context shape and influence the ways in which the soap reconstructs multilingual spaces and the identities that exist within these spaces through language and language practices. In the literature presented in this study I explore various theories and case studies that examine Afrikaans and its indexicality in our
contemporary society, the conventions of soap opera in representing &lsquo
reality&rsquo
to society, the role of codeswitching in multilingual mass communication, the policies and ideologies that govern post apartheid television and finally the link between ideology, the media, language and imagined identities.. These five overarching themes often overlap throughout this thesis. My investigation of the main questions set in this thesis is based on a triangulated analysis of (a) a five episode transcript of the soap, (b) solicited viewer perceptions gleaned from questionnaires and (c) unsolicited social media commentaries. This analysis is framed by a poststructuralist critical analysis with a specific focus on how social practices and contemporary ideologies manifest in the discourse of the soap. This approach views discourse as the juncture where identity, stereotypes and power are negotiated, enforced, imagined and challenged. In this thesis I argue that the conspicuous absence of indigenous African languages and the use of standard white Afrikaans as the lingua franca in the soap creates an unrealistic utopian portrayal of the new South Africa that naturalises white Afrikaans culture and marginalises other indigenous cultures and languages. I argue that the soap puts middle class white Afrikaners at the epicentre of South African society thus enforcing the idea that non-whites still need to conform to white Afrikaans standards and norms at the expense of their own culture and languages despite the inception of democracy. The soap offers no depictions of resistance to this dominant white Afrikaans culture, thus misleadingly portraying it as the uncontested dominant culture of the new South Africa.
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Kauppinen, A. (Antti). "The event of organisational entrepreneurship:disrupting the reigning order and creating new spaces for play and innovation." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2012. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514298479.
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Abstract Organisational entrepreneurship is an entrepreneurial event. By-products of such events may include the emergence of business organisations. In this study, I discuss the event of organisational entrepreneurship fostered by organisational creativity. An event of organisational entrepreneurship can happen in the context of social spaces for play and innovation. In these social spaces, novelty, movement, and change are outcomes of the role of organisational entrepreneurship in society. The dissertation consists of four essays. Prior research defines organisational entrepreneurship as a relationship between the managerial order and organisational creativity. This particular relationship, rather than being a precise state, is one that problematises the tradition of studying entrepreneurship as a sub-discipline of management. Researchers tend to be drawn to studying the entrepreneurial order, but less so the play and innovation that contribute to the creativity aspect. Whilst permitting space for play and innovation have been acknowledged to be crucial, the role of play and innovation between the discourses of business opportunities and entrepreneurial becoming has not been discussed. The literature review in this study shows that understanding the concepts of entrepreneurial actions and processes is key to explicating organisational entrepreneurship. Hence, the principal research question of this study is: how do entrepreneurial actions and processes frame the very nature of the event of organisational entrepreneurship? There are four sub-questions (one for each essay) that illustrate how an entrepreneurial event is about creation of new spaces for play and innovation. The purpose of this study is to show what role playfulness and innovativeness play in organisational entrepreneurship. I have empirically investigated how international business opportunities may be created through entrepreneurial actions in a multinational collaboration project, and found that social learning is at the heart of the process. In addition, I have examined an entrepreneurial process through the story of an up-and-coming stand-up comedian. This study shows that the entrepreneurial process emerges from the desire to become-Other. The entrepreneurial stories of this qualitative study come from two data sets (conducted in Finland and in Denmark). The research outline problematises the prior research, in which storytelling is rarely used. The dissertation concludes by suggesting that one role of playfulness and innovativeness is to create business opportunities and entrepreneurial becomingTiivistelmä Organisatorinen yrittäjyys on yksi yrittäjämäinen tila. Tällaisessa tilassa monenlaisten sivutuotteiden, kuten liikeyrityksen, syntyminen on mahdollista. Organisatorinen luovuus tukee näiden tilojen luomiseen liittyvää tekemistä ja prosesseja. Yrittäjämäiset tilat ovat mahdollisia konteksteissa, joita tässä väitöskirjatutkimuksessa tutkittiin tiloina leikille ja innovaatioille. Näiden tilojen ansiosta uutuus, liike ja muutos ovat mahdollisia ja ne kuvaavat organisatorisen yrittäjyyden roolia yhteiskunnassa. Tämä väitöskirja on neljän esseen kokoelma. Aikaisempi tutkimus määrittelee organisatorisen yrittäjyyden johtajuuden hallinnan ja organisatorisen luovuuden väliseksi suhteeksi. Ennemmin kuin jokin tila tällä jatkumolla suhde sinänsä kyseenalaistaa tradition, joka tutkii yrittäjyyttä johtajuustutkimuksen koulukuntana. Siinä tutkimusintressi on ollut hallinta, mutta ei kovin usein leikki ja innovaatiot. Vaikka leikki ja innovaatiot on nähty tärkeinä asioina, siitä huolimatta niiden roolia linkkinä liiketoimintamahdollisuuksien luomisen ja yrittäjämäiseksi tulemisen välillä ei ole vielä kovin hyvin tutkittu. Tämän tutkimuksen kirjallisuuskatsaus osoittaa, että yrittäjämäiset toiminnot ja prosessit ovat keskeisimmät käsitteet organisatorisessa yrittäjyydessä. Tutkimuksen päätutkimuskysymys kuuluu: kuinka yrittäjämäiset toiminnot ja prosessit rajaavat organisatorisen yrittäjyyden syvimmän luonteen yrittäjämäisenä tapahtumana? Tutkimuksen tarkoitus on näyttää, mikä rooli leikinomaisuudella ja innovatiivisuudella on organisatorisessa yrittäjyydessä silloin, kun se nähdään yrittäjämäisenä tilana. Tutkin empiirisesti kansainvälisten liiketoimintamahdollisuuksien luomista ja sitä, miten se tapahtuu monikansallisessa yhteistyöprojektissa. Tuloksena löysin, että se on sosiaalista oppimista. Lisäksi tutkin yrittäjämäiseksi tulemisen prosessia standup-koomikoksi tulevan henkilön kautta. Se näyttää, että syy yrittäjämäisen prosessin ilmentymiselle on intohimo tulla toiseksi. Tutkimuksen yrittäjämäiset tarinat perustuvat kahdelle aineiston lähteelle (tehty Suomessa ja Tanskassa). Tutkimusasetelma kyseenalaistaa tutkimuksen, jossa tarinankerrontaa on käytetty harvoin. Tulokset osoittavat, että leikinomaisuuden ja innovatiivisuuden rooli on luoda uusia liiketoimintamahdollisuuksia ja yrittäjämäiseksi tulemisen prosesseja
18
Hom, John S. "Making the Invisible Visible: Interrogating social spaces through photovoice." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1284482097.
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Kebbe, Lisen. "Keep the conversation going : a study of conversational spaces during family business succession." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/234472.
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This practice doctorate study addresses the question of succession in family business, and whether it is possible to facilitate the succession process and enhance family relations by working in a systemic, conversational and dialogical way. The high percentage of successions in family businesses which fail and result in closed down businesses has led to extensive research and caused public debate in Sweden. This study contains of four sections. The first section gives an introduction to my felt need of developing the facilitation of the succession process in business families. It also contains a philosophical background to the systemic way of working and a presents my ontology, epistemology and methods for my study and its ethical considerations. The second section puts my study in a wider perspective of this study with a short presentation of the field of family business research; there are interviews with mainstream consultants that are elaborated on and lastly there is a gender perspective on family business consultations. The eight essays in the third section portray my action research into my facilitation of the succession process in the Bjärges family. The succession process began at the end of 2006 and lasted almost five years. Facilitation was performed during the first two and a half years and the last follow-up conversation was held in the beginning of 2011. The Bjärges essays are written in a generative and reflexive way by means of radical, social poetics thus allowing personal involvement in the text. Some of the essays study the succession process from the perspective of dialogical moments; a couple of them reflect on the succession process in a longer perspective and finally there are follow-up conversations with the family members. The fourth section deals with knowledge gained from working with this study, knowledge I have taken into my practice where I facilitate family members to make their own decisions. It also includes my reflections on theory and on differences in consultancy to family business. Accountants and legal advisors focus on what is best for business, while facilitators working in the dialogical way have family relations at heart. This work proposes a 3rd Way, a new way of facilitating and supporting business families by collaboration of different competences in multi-professional teams. Thus both business and family relations would be addressed.
20
Jih, Tatah Gwendoline. "Multilingualism and identity in new shared spaces :a study of Cameroon migrant in a primary school in Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9599_1298348443.
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This thesis aims to explore the ways in which space patterns regimes of language use and language attitudes among Cameroonian immigrant children in a primary school in Cape Town. The presence of migrants in any classroom represents a significant challenge from the theoretical as well as practical point of view, given that schools are responsible for both socialization and learning (Gajo &
Mondada 1996). Most African countries are going through large-scale migration from rural to urban areas as well as increasing transnational migration due to recent socio-economic and socio-political trends. These flows affect the sociolinguistic economy of the places concerned, not only the individuals within them. Thus immigrants&rsquo
movement into an urban area not only affects their repertoires, as they find themselves confronted with the task of acquiring the communicative resources of the autochthonous population, but also those of the autochthonous population who find themselves confronted with linguistic communicative processes and resources &lsquo
alien&rsquo
to their environment. Similar effects are felt by local educational and other institutions, now faced with learners with widely varying degrees of competence in the required communicative skills. The participants in this study are a group of young migrants from Cameroon where English and French are the two official languages. These learners already have some languages in their repertoire, which may include their mother tongue or either of the two official languages. My focus will be on the multilingual resources of these learners and how they make use of these in the daily life of their new spaces, the school, the homes and community spaces, to construct new social identities.
21
Stevenson, B. (Blair). "Reflecting on culture in the classroom: complexities of navigating third spaces in teacher education." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2011. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514295638.
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Abstract The goal of this research is to develop a research process that explores the role Inuit teachers play in the development of Inuit culture in the classroom. A participatory action research approach was used with the objectives of: (1) examining how Inuit teachers view their cultural role; and (2) exploring how Inuit teachers teach their culture. Research activities were grounded in Indigenous education, intercultural learning and postcolonial theories. From this frame of reference, two project activities were developed in partnership with the Kativik School Board in Nunavik, Canada: a teacher training course and a teacher survey. The teacher training course attempted to create a ‘third space’ in which decolonization could be discussed and teachers could reflect about cultural influences on their own practice. The teacher survey constructs a ‘snap-shot’ of Inuit teacher perspectives on the topic of Inuit culture in their classrooms. Analysis of data involved qualitative methodologies including content analysis for the course and a series of verification interviews with senior stakeholders. A quantitative approach was used for analysis of the teacher survey. Data suggest that Inuit culture is being taught in classrooms; however few opportunities exist for Inuit teachers to discuss the implications of their practice. Conclusions point to the need for further development of Inuit-specific and Inuit-led research spaces - third spaces - in which Inuit culture can be articulated, and reflected upon. Limiting factors exist, however, with regard to how these spaces can be developed including language used for dialogue, authority within the space and length of time for dialogue. Decolonizing cultural competency is introduced in concert with third space theory as a pathway toward articulating collaborative research spaces in which Inuit can work in their own language and construct Inuit-specific strategies and content to decolonize their educational systemsTiivistelmä Tämän tutkimuksen tavoite on paneutua natiivi inuiittiopettajien rooliin inuiittikulttuurin kehittämiseksi kouluopetuksessa. Tutkimuksessa käytettiin osallistavaa toimintatutkimusta, jonka tavoitteena oli selvittää: (1) miten inuiittiopettajat näkevät oman kulttuuriroolinsa ja (2) miten inuiittiopettajat opettavat omaa kulttuuriaan. Tutkimuksen teoriaperustana käytettiin alkuperäiskansojen opetuksen, monikulttuurikasvatuksen ja postkolonialismin teorioita. Tutkimus toteutettiin kahtena osaprojektina; opettajien koulutuskurssi ja kyselytutkimus. Nämä tutkimusprojektit suunniteltiin ja toteutettiin yhteistyössä Kativikin opetuslautakunnan kanssa Nunavikissa Kanadassa. Tutkimuksessa toteutetulla opettajankoulutuskurssilla pyrittiin luomaan ”kolmas tila”, jossa opettajat voivat syventyä keskustelemaan dekolonisaation käsitteistöstä ja voivat pohtia oman työnsä kulttuurisia vaikutuksia. Opettajien parissa tehty kyselytutkimus puolestaan on ’pikakatselmus’ inuiittiopettajien näkemyksiin inuiittikulttuurin roolista heidän luokkahuoneissaan. Tutkimusaineisto analysoitiin kvalitatiivisin ja kvantitatiivisin menetelmin. Opettajankoulutuskurssin tutkimusaineiston analysointiin käytettiin kvantitatiivista sisällönanalyysia, jonka tuloksia validoitiin haastattelemalla kokeneita inuiittiasiantuntijoita. Opettajainkyselytutkimus puolestaan analysoitiin kvantitatiivisesti. Tutkimus osoittaa, että inuiittikulttuuria opetetaan luokkahuoneissa mutta inuiittiopettajilla on harvoin mahdollisuus yhdessä pohtia työnsä merkityksiä. Tutkimustulosten perusteella voidaan tehdä johtopäätös, että olisi tarpeen kehittää inuiittikeskeisiä ja inuiittien johtamia tutkimusympäristöjä - kolmas tila – joissa inuiittikulttuuria voidaan artikuloida ja pohtia. Tätä pohdintaa rajoittavia tekijöitä ovat kuitenkin dialogissa käytettävä kieli, kolmannen tilan auktoriteettikysymykset ja dialogiin käytettävä aika. Kulttuurikompetenssin dekolonisaatio ja kolmas tila esitetään tutkimuksessa keinoina kuvata yhteistoiminnallisia tutkimustiloja, joissa inuiitit voivat toimia omalla kielellään sekä kehittää inuiittikeskeisiä strategioita ja sisältöjä inuiittiopetuksen rakenteiden dekoloniasoimiseksi
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Kullving, Linus. "Performing spaces; Structures of Control and Claims of Rights in sites of ‘Irregularity’." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22380.
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In dialogue with Critical perspectives in the field of Forced migration, this thesis aims to explore the spaces of „irregularity‟ regarding unaccompanied minors living non-status in the city of Malmö. With a theoretical departure in the ontological ideas of Hanna Arendt and Giorgio Agamben, the perspective of the Autonomy of Migration, and the concepts of „Acts of Citizenship‟, the thesis argues that these spaces are structured by multiple mechanisms of control, such as deportability, racism, poverty and precarity. In addition, the thesis investigates how these structures of control are contested by the minors. As the „irregular‟ subject in its presence challenges the Nation-state „order‟, the study argues that all her or his acts must be interpreted as confrontations. Hence the study aims to highlight the claims of rights and freedoms performed, not only by the minors themselves but also by the social networks surrounding them. The research is built upon fieldwork with non-status minors, asylum rights activists and semi-grass root actors in the spring of 2011 in the city of Malmö. Influenced by Methodological and Epistemological perspectives of Critical Ethnography and Action Research, the thesis also contains a normative requisite to deconstruct and question hegemonies and marginalizing structures.
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Gibril, Suzan. "Control-(H)Alt-Delete the Ultras :Establishing and dismantling spaces of contention in revolutionary and post-revolutionary Egypt." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/276981.
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The case of the Ultras’ mobilisation and their subsequent demobilisation in the Egyptian revolutionary and post-revolutionary context raises the question of the relationship between the notion of contention and repression, which are questions that are at the centre of debates in the literature. Based on a thorough analysis of the Ultras groups’ collective actions, this dissertation aims at understanding the mobilisation and demobilisation mechanisms at play in revolutionary and post-revolutionary Egypt. Inspired by the literature of contentious collective action and the sociology of sport in various national contexts, we aim at answering the following question: how and in what ways did the Ultras adapt their tools and spaces of mobilisation to avoid state repression? This further prompted the question of the Ultras’ impact on the making of spaces of contention and the general capacity of football fandom to encourage mobilisation. The generalised context of surveillance and control encouraged the development of alternative means and spaces to avoid state repression. Among these alternatives means and spaces, were the stadium, as well as the Ultras’ street art and songs. By investing and (re)possessing these spaces, we show that the Ultras were able to transform a space into an area of conflict and contestation. In other words, these alternative means and spaces can be seen as a way for them to break away from the shackles of social and institutional norms to oppose the general “paradigm of depression, control and normalisation of apathy”. The return to authoritarianism and the coming to power of General Abdel Fattah al Sisi (since June 2013), however, drastically impacted on collective action, as the various groups witnessed the progressive destruction of the spaces of protest and memorialisation that had been developing since the onset of the uprisings. In this regard, we investigate the issue of the demobilisation of the Ultras groups and progressive effacement of spaces of contention. Looking back on the events of the 2011 uprisings and the subsequent 2013 uprisings against president Morsi and regime response, we establish that the general disappearance of protest is linked to the banalisation of violence, which instilled this idea that brutality was commonplace, almost inconsequential because a part of Egyptians’ daily lives. We conclude the dissertation by reflecting on the delocalisation of dissent through the collective act of remembrance. Indeed, the new laws on social media suggest additional efforts from the regime to contain and control political dissent, further contributing to the expansion of the concept of “tentacular state”. In this regard, the acts of remembrance can be understood as a way for the social actors to redefine their repertoires of collective action. Through the digitisation and subsequent dissemination of narratives, photos, videos and sounds, social actors such as the Ultras repossess new spaces of dissent and resistance beyond their physical borders. Ultimately, the power of digitisation and collective acts of remembrance lies in their capacity and potential to stimulate dissent, thus securing political effects.Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Baticle, Johana. "Espaces publics et action artistique à Montpellier : de nouveaux enjeux culturels pour la ville contemporaine." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30040.
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Cherchant à croiser projets urbain et culturel notre position critique met en avant les tendances principalesqui articulent enjeux culturels et enjeux urbains. Les arts et la culture servent le discours urbain plus qu'ils ne cofabriquentle projet de ville. Aujourd'hui l'art dans la ville se territorialise en un espace qui devient événement. Nousnous appuyons sur l'analyse de situations concrètes, où l'art investit la ville et où les pratiques culturelles migrentdes lieux dédiés (musées, théâtres) vers l'espace public. Notre étude de cas porte sur les pratiques culturelles de etdans l'espace public avec les Zones Artistiques Temporaires (Zat) à Montpellier de 2010 à 2015. D'une part, nousobservons la spatialité et la matérialité de neuf quartiers investis par les Zat, d'autre part, nous qualifions le temps, lemouvement ct l'action en étudiant comment les thèmes artistiques interrogent la ville concrète, l'imagibililé urbaineou encore la ville pratiquée. Enfin nous observons les transformations des espaces publics investis. En mettant enrésonance le projet culturel des Zat ct le projet urbain pour Montpellier il l'horizon 2040 nous cherchons ilproblémariser la possible transformation concrète du milieu urbain par l'action artistique. En imaginant unealternative pour le futur nous cherchons à faire mieux avec moins pour favoriser les expressions de l'art et de laculture mais aussi à agir sur la qualité des espaces à vivre de la ville. Dans l'idée d'une écologie culturelle, la thèsevise un potentiel de requalification des espaces publics en mettant en évidence les leviers d'une diffusion plus largede la culture dans la ville. Nous menons une réflexion sur les supports de cette diffusion autour des espaces pour lesarts et la culture à l'intérieur du projet urbain, mais aussi à travers diverses temporalités, le durable, le temporaire etl'éphémère. Dans un territoire qui révèle de trop grandes disparités, la question de la diffusion culturelle dans unformat d'éducation populaire cherche à atteindre tous les publics. Les pratiques culturelles s'appuient alors sur unespace public média de sa propre constitution ct des spécificités locales mais aussi sur une action artistique qui agitcomme médiateur sur l'altérité des lieux. A la recherche de valeurs symboliques, dans un projet urbain spatial ctsocial, les dimensions éphémère et temporaire sont susceptibles de répondre d'une plus large diffusion culturellemais aussi d'une plus grande acceptabilité grâce à la mobilité et au nomadisme envisagés par les dispositifs. Laquestion du vivre-ensemble est alors entendue au travers des possibilités de communautés éphémères pourintensifier l'urbanité. L'action artistique doit être en mesure de proposer des dispositifs multi-sensoriels visant àinduire des pratiques dans l'espace public. Au travers d'un art de j'espace dans l'espace, avec des esthétiques quipeuvent être temporaires voire éphémères mais surtout qui induisent des pratiques sensibles, il s'agit de proposer descentralités temporaires ct mobiles au travers d'un espace public plus muableSeeking to cross urban and cultural projects our critical position highlights the key trends that articulatecultural and urban issues. Arts and culture serve the urban discourse more than they co-produce the city project.Today art in the city temtorializes itself in a space that becomes an event. We rely on the analysis of concretesituations, in which art inveslS the town and cultural practices migrate from dedicated places (museums, theaters) tothe public space. Our case study focuses on cultural practices in the public space as shown by the Temporary ArtisticZones (Zat) in Montpellier from 2010 to 2015. On the one hand, we observe the spatiality and materiality of ninedistricts Ï.nvested by these Zat; on the other hand, we qualify time, movement and action by analyzing how artisticthemes question the concrete city, urban imageabilily, or the practiced city. Finally wc watch the transformation ofthe public spaces investigated. By attuning the Zat cultural project to the urban project for MontpeUier in 2040, weseek to question a possible real transformation of urban environment through artistic action. By imagining analternative for the future we aim to do more witb less in order to encourage expressions of art and culture but also toact on the quality of the city's Uving spaces. Bearing in mind a cultural ecology, the thesis ai ms to the potentialredevelopment of public spaces by highlighting levers ofa wider dissemination of culture in the city. Wc conduct areflection on the supports of this dissemination around spaces for arts and culture within the urban project, but alsothrough various time frames, sustainable, temporary and ephemeral. ln a territory wbich reveals significantdisparities, the issue of cultural diffusion in a popular education format endeavors to reach ail audiences. Culturalpractices are then based on a media public space of its own constitution and local specificities but also on an artisticaction which acts as a mediator on the otherness of places. Searching for symbolical values in a spatial and socialurban project, the ephemeral and temporary dimensions are likely to ensure a wider cultural diffusion but alsogreater acceptability through the mobility and nomadism imagined through these devices. The question of livingtogether is then tacklcd through the possibilities of ephemeral communities aiming to intensify urbanity. Artisticaction must be able to offer multi-sensory devices capable of inducing practices in the public space. Through an artof space inside space, witb aesthetics that can be temporary or even ephemeral but above ail that induce sensitivepractices, it offers temporary and mobile centralities through a public space that is more mutable. ET
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Rossmanith, Nicole. "Culture in the making : jointly structuring shared spaces of meaning and action in infant-caregiver-object interactions over the first year of life." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2017. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/culture-in-the-making(1fae80a1-7f6c-42b3-9c43-bc3b068d6f9a).html.
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How do infants grow in and into culture? How do they become competent participants in networks of meaning-making including people and artefacts? Typically research addressing these questions starts looking from the end of the first year, when infants' early dyadic social interactions are supposed to turn "triadic", that is, are extended to include objects and aspects of the world, only then giving rise to cultural learning, symbol use, co-operative participation. In the face of mismatches with everyday experience and counter-evidence from recent empirical studies, we revisit several research programs dealing explicitly with the development of infant-caregiver-object interactions to arrive at a critical appreciation of how the concept of triadic interaction and the core narrative developed. On this basis, and drawing from embodiment, situatedness, and dynamical systems, we construct our own approach for exploring the development of jointly practicing social object activities, which we frame in terms of attention- and action-coordination. We conducted a naturalistic longitudinal study visiting 16 infants in their homes once a month from 3-12 months and documenting infant-caregiver-object interactions. Adapting techniques from interaction and conversation analysis, and using macro-and micro-analysis of video recordings, we 1) explore and analyse the development of book sharing as a model activity over the first year of life, we 2) develop concepts and methods to characterize and analyse different modes of engagement, and patterns of coordination, infants and caregivers employ in a wide variety of ecological contexts, and 3) introduce the notion of jointly moving through affect-imbued action arcs together. Finally, we 4) sketch a tentative developmental trajectory of participation in social object activities, reconceptualising the shift from "dyadic" to "triadic" interactions as "jointly structuring shared spaces of meaning-and-action" of increasing complexity. In particular, we propose the mapping of complex action structures on familiar affect-imbued action arcs as a bridge towards activities such as collaborative participation, symbol and conventional object use, cultural learning and co-creation.
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Riou, Mathilde, and Diniz Elisa Carvalho. "Bottom up urbanism : Exploring the potential of bottom up initiatives as to encourage pro-environmental behaviour change and action." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209218.
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It has been widely acknowledged that environmental damage and changes in the global climate can be attributed to human activities. In their attempt to deal with these issues, current top down approaches to mitigate climate change not only have limited efficacy, but also fail at changing people’s behaviour. In this thesis, we argue that bottom up initiatives can be more successful at engaging people in pro-environmental behaviour change and action than the current top down strategies. The potential of bottom up actions to encourage such change and action is first assessed in literature. A more specific perspective of bottom up initiatives is looked at in which pro-environmental behaviour is encouraged and observed through the lens of urbanism. A practical event on sustainability, co-organized by the authors of this paper at KTH Campus, is then taken as a case study to test and verify if bottom up actions can bring about change in behaviours and generate public engagement in public spaces. The results show that bottom up actions have great potential to reach the community and engage people into sustainable practices. As it was positive and solution-oriented, but also accessible, participative and fun, the event easily attracted people’s attention and interest. The stimulating environment then facilitates the process of sharing and learning information and consequently, it also increases the chances of influencing behaviour change and action.
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Serbulo, Leanne Claire. ""Whose streets? Our streets!" Urban social movements and the transformation of everyday life in Pacific Northwest cities, 1990-1999." PDXScholar, 2008. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/737.
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This project returns to the questions that were once at the center of the urban studies debate over social movements. What are urban social movements, and what impacts do they leave on the cities where they occur? Urban protests in Portland, Oregon and Seattle, Washington are used as the foundation for exploring the following research questions: What urban social movements occurred in the Pacific Northwest during 1990s? What goals were these movements struggling for? What impacts did urban social movements have on daily life in Portland and Seattle? While this project has continuity with earlier attempts to identify, describe, and assess the role that urban social movements play in cities, it also represents a significant departure from the established ways of understanding this phenomenon. Manuel Castells' (1983) theory on urban social movements considered local activism ineffectual, if it could not produce serious revolutionary change. A different portrait of urban social movements emerged in this project. Pacific Northwest urban protests challenged existing social relationships in neighborhoods, at work, in public services, in the construction and use of urban space, and in the imagination of the city. These protests grew out of the everyday life experiences of their participants and sought to transform the patterns and relationships of daily life. Since urban social movements arise from everyday life, their impacts will be evident in a community's use of time, construction of space, development of social relationships, and sense of possibility. The ability of urban social movements to radically alter the everyday lives of their participants and communities of interest is, in and of itself, significant. As these changes reverberate beyond the boundaries of these directly impacted communities, they have the potential to create broader citywide changes. It is these transformations that are the building blocks for the active construction of our urban cultures, spaces, and communities.
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Andersson, Miranda. "#MeToo: A case study of #sistabriefen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353873.
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As a result of the #MeToo movement in Sweden, #sistabriefen was created to represent the women, non-binaries and trans-persons working within the communications industry. This study analyzes the dynamics and identities of the #sistabriefen group members on their private social media platform. The analysis incorporates The Logic of Connective Action by Bennett and Segerberg (2012), and two complementary Social Identity Perspectives; Social Identity Theory and Self-Categorization Theory (Hogg & Terry, 2001; Hogg & Reid, 2006). The study consisted of 23 interview participants, and a qualitative content analysis over the course of five months. This research assesses how members are motivated to participate in the #sistabriefen group, how they identify themselves within the group, and how the group features affect members’ involvement. The findings of the research indicated that digital social movements have the potential to effectively mobilize social change.
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Hansson, Alfred. "Culture and Gender Appropriate Responses in Child Friendly Spaces : An Ecological Comparative Analysis of Guidelines and Manuals." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388655.
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Children around the world suffer greatly due to conflicts. One of the most common interventions to support children affected by conflicts are Child Friendly Spaces (CFSs). Implemented within different cultural contexts, CFSs aim to be both culturally sensitive and contribute to gender equality, an interaction that can be complex. Previous research regarding CFSs is limited. As CFSs are commonly used in Humanitarian Action, further knowledge is central.This thesis aims to explore and compare how culture and gender appropriate responses in CFSs guidelines and manuals are expressed in order to gain an increased understanding of how these guidelines handle the interaction between gender norms in different cultures.In this study I discuss six CFSs guidelines and manuals by conducting comparative analysis and applying the Ecological Resilience Framework.The result suggests that culture and gender appropriate responses are central in all guidelines and manuals but emphasized in different ways. The participation of children, families and communities, as well as the adaption of activities, are all strategies aimed at cultural sensitivity. The result also entails that the equal inclusion of all children is a general gender appropriate approach. In addition, I claim that the main intervention, aiming to be both gender and culture appropriate, is separated groups between boys and girls. Finally, I argue that gender and culture may clash due to different perceptions of gender and culture appropriate responses.
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Wacheux, Christophe. "Semi-toric integrable systems and moment polytopes." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00932926.
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Un système intégrable semi-torique sur une variété symplectique de dimension 2n est un système intégrable dont le flot de n − 1 composantes de l'application moment est 2 -périodique. On obtient donc une action hamiltonienne du tore Tn−1. En outre, on demande que tous les points critiques du système soient non-dégénérés et sans composante hyperbolique. En dimension 4, San V˜u Ngo.c et Álvaro Pelayo ont étendu à ces systèmes semi-toriques les résultats célèbres d'Atiyah, Guillemin, Sternberg et Delzant concernant la classification des systèmes toriques. Dans cette thèse nous proposons une extension de ces résultats en dimension quelconque, à commencer par la dimension 6. Les techniques utilisées relèvent de l'analyse comme de la géométrie symplectique, ainsi que de la théorie de Morse dans des espaces différentiels stratifiés. Nous donnons d'abord une description de l'image de l'application moment d'un point de vue local, en étudiant les asymptotiques des coordonnées actionangle au voisinage d'une singularité foyer-foyer, avec le phénomène de monodromie du feuilletage qui en résulte. Nous passons ensuite à une description plus globale dans la veine des polytopes d'Atiyah, Guillemin et Sternberg. Ces résultats sont basés sur une étude systématique de la stratification donnée par les fibres de l'application moment. Avec ces résultats, nous établissons la connexité des fibres des systèmes intégrables semi-toriques de dimension 6 et indiquons comment nous comptons démontrer ce résultat en dimension quelconque.
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Herrmann, Lou. "Fabriquer la ville avec les lotissements : une qualification possible de la production ordinaire des espaces urbains contemporains ?" Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2026/document.
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Cette thèse analyse les modalités contemporaines de production des lotissements résidentiels en France ainsi que la qualité morphologique des espaces urbains produits dans ce cadre opérationnel. Elle interroge le paradoxe entre la critique presque unanime dont font l’objet les lotissements d’une part et l’observation d’opérations de lotissement exemplaires d’autre part. Elle explore les conditions selon lesquelles ce mode opératoire est en capacité de fabriquer des espaces urbains de qualité au niveau de leur forme physique. Les lotissements sont appréhendés selon une double entrée : en tant qu’espaces matériels, c’est la qualité de leur tissu qui est étudiée ; en tant que processus d’action, c’est le fonctionnement des systèmes d’action collective qui les composent qui est analysé. D’un point de vue théorique, le travail mobilise les outils de la sociologie des organisations en croisant les apports de l’analyse stratégique avec ceux de l’économie des ordres de grandeur. L’appréhension de la matérialité des lotissements s’appuie sur l’approche par trames développée autour de la notion de tissu urbain par l’école française de morphologie urbaine. La thèse repose sur l’analyse qualitative et comparative de quatre opérations-études de cas situées dans l’agglomération lyonnaise. Elle montre tout d’abord qu’il n’y a pas de fatalité morphologique. L’analyse du tissu des quatre lotissements prouve ainsi que ce mode opératoire n’est pas condamné à fabriquer des espaces urbains médiocres. Cette démonstration est issue d’un travail préalable de conceptualisation de la notion de qualité morphologique, envisagée comme une convention sociale. L’analyse de l’évolution du droit de lotir, dans le cadre plus global des changements réglementaires en matière d’urbanisme et d’aménagement en France, montre ensuite que l’injonction réglementaire au développement urbain durable impacte au moins indirectement le lotissement dans le sens de sa qualification. Les changements législatifs récents ont en effet conduit à l’instauration d’un contexte d’action qui pousse les maîtres d’ouvrage à une plus grande réflexion en termes de localisation des opérations, et sans doute aussi à une plus grande densité bâtie. Seulement le droit n’explique pas tout. Les arbitrages en matière de morphologie s’opèrent ainsi à trois moments clés : lors de la définition du droit des sols, au moment de la délivrance des autorisations d’urbanisme et lors de la conception et de la programmation des opérations. L’analyse révèle alors que l’acteur communal possède potentiellement une grande force de régulation de la forme urbaine. La planification locale a ainsi un impact significatif sur le tissu des opérations, même si l’expérience montre que c’est le plus souvent dans un sens négatif. Dans l’interaction avec les acteurs privés, que ce soient les lotisseurs et leurs concepteurs ou les habitants-maîtres d’ouvrage et leur constructeur, la commune dispose de multiples ressources pour influencer les projets dans le sens de leur qualification. La thèse montre à ce propos le rôle central des institutions partenaires dans ce rapport de pouvoir, notamment pour les plus petites communes. À ces différents moments, l’aptitude qualifiante de la régulation publique dépend d’une variable essentielle : l’engagement politique des acteurs. La qualité des lotissements est enfin conditionnée par un deuxième élément : la responsabilité morphologique dont se sentent ou non investis les lotisseurs. Ces derniers conservent en effet une certaine marge de manœuvre en matière morphologique. Leur comportement en termes de conception est donc lui aussi déterminant pour la qualité du tissu des lotissementsThis thesis analyses the contemporary modalities of the production of residential allotments (lotissements) in France, as well as the morphological quality of urban spaces produced in this operational framework. It questions the paradox between the almost unanimous criticism directed at these residential developments, on the one hand, and the observation of exemplary developmentoperations on the other hand. It explores the conditions under which this modus operandi can produce urban spaces with morphological qualities. The residential allotments are considered from a dual perspective: as a material space, by studying the quality of the urban fabric; and as a process, by analysing the functioning of the collective action systems composing it.From a theoretical perspective, this work makes use organisational sociology tools (sociologie des organisations) by crossing of the Strategic Analysis inputs (Crozier and Friedberg) with those of the Economies of Worth (Boltanski and Thévenot). The understanding of the development’s materiality draws on the “frames” approach (approche par trames) developed around the notion of urban fabric by the French school of urban morphology. The thesis relies on qualitative and comparative analysis of four case studies located in urban agglomeration of Lyon.Firstly, it shows that there is no morphological fatality. The fabric analysis of these four projects proves that this modus operandi is not doomed to produce mediocre urban spaces. This demonstration draws on a prior conceptualisation of the notion of morphological quality, considered as a social convention.The analysis of subdivision laws (droit de lotir), in the broader context of regulatory changes in the field of urbanism and town planning in France, then shows that the impact of sustainable development regulations is, at least indirectly, to increase the quality of the residential allotment. Legal changes have indeed created a context that encourages a stronger reflection on development location by the project manager (maître d’ouvrage) and probably also a greater building density.Nevertheless, laws cannot provide a full explanation. The decisions regarding morphology are made at three key moments: when the planning laws (droit des sols) are defined, when the planning approvals (autorisations d’urbanisme) are delivered and when developments are designed and programmed. The analysis so reveals that the municipal stakeholder potentially holds an important power over the regulation of the urban form. Local planning therefore has a significant impact on the developments’ fabric, although experience shows that this impact is most often negative. In the interaction with private stakeholders, whether they are the developers (lotisseurs) and their designers (concepteurs), or the inhabitants-project managers (habitants-maître d’ouvrage) and their builder (constructeurs), the municipality has many resources at his disposal to influence the projects quality. In this respect, this thesis highlights the central role that partner institutions play in this power relation, particularly for smaller municipalities. At these different moments, the aptitude of public regulation for improving quality depends on one essential variable: the political commitment of the stakeholders. Finally, the quality of the residential allotments also depends on a further element; whether or not the developers have a sense of morphological responsibility. Developers indeed maintain a room for manoeuver regarding morphology. Their behaviour at the conception level is consequently also decisive for the quality of the developments’ fabric
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Nica, Bogdan. "Group actions on median spaces." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80342.
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We investigate a particular type of geometry, namely median metric spaces. This encompasses median graphs, as well as simple combinatorial structures known as spaces with walls.The group-theoretic applications are towards the Kazhdan property and the Haagerup property.
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Souza, Maiara Ferreira de. "Tempos e espaços de leitura literária na educação infantil." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2018. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/7229.
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Esta dissertação, vinculada à linha de pesquisa Linguagem, Conhecimento e Formação de Professores do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora/UFJF – Minas Gerais, apresenta o percurso empreendido no desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa- ação. A investigação, de viés histórico-cultural, tem, como objetivo, criar tempos e espaços destinados à leitura literária em uma turma do 2º período da Educação Infantil de uma escola pública do município de Juiz de Fora/MG, bem como compreender os sentidos produzidos pelas crianças para essas práticas. Para tanto, compartilho do contexto escolar e da rotina da turma, intervindo nessa rotina realizando leituras literárias para/com as crianças. O registro da rotina aconteceu por meio de fotos das diferentes atividades e espaços em que a leitura literária acontecia e de notas de campo, produzidas a partir das observações de oficinas de leitura desenvolvidas com as crianças da Educação Infantil. Com base neste trabalho, refletimos sobre a necessidade da realização de mediações de leitura literária como condição para formar leitores capazes de atribuir sentido aos diferentes gêneros literários, os quais demandam modos específicos para a sua leitura. Nesse sentido, a literatura se torna um dos eixos estruturantes da prática educativa e a Educação Infantil se apresenta como espaço de formação de leitores literários. A teoria histórico-cultural é a base teórica que subsidiou o desenvolvimento das mediações de leitura literária e que orientou a reflexão e as análises sobre o trabalho realizado. Nessa perspectiva, a leitura é concebida como prática cultural e, portanto, como parte do processo de humanização dos sujeitos. A literatura possibilita que a criança, ao imbricar realidade e imaginação, transforme em parte de sua subjetividade aquilo que foi objetivado por outros sujeitos ao longo da história da humanidade, revelando, dessa forma, a sua força humanizadora. Partindo da constatação advinda da pesquisa realizada, percebe-se que os tempos e os espaços são mediadores culturais e, ao serem organizados de forma a proporcionar acesso a diferentes elementos da cultura, no caso desta pesquisa, aos momentos de leitura literária, contribuem na formação dos sujeitos e na atribuição de sentido as práticas de leitura literária. O tempo/espaço de leitura é um tempo e espaço material, do relógio, do mundo físico e, ao mesmo tempo, é imaterial, do sujeito, do seu processo de atribuição de sentido ao mundo, ao texto. A mediação se dá no entrecruzamento desses tempo/espaços. Diante disso, desenvolvo reflexões que permitem vislumbrar possibilidades de trabalho com a literatura nas turmas de Educação Infantil.
This dissertation, linked to the Language, Knowledge Teacher Training research line from the Educational Post-Graduate Program of Juiz de Fora Federal University / UFJF – Juiz de Fora/Minas Gerais, presents the course that has been undertaken in the development of an action research. The historical and cultural research aims to create times and spaces for literary reading in a kindergarten class of a public school in the Juiz de Fora city / MG, as well as to understand the senses produced by the children for these practices. For that, I share the school context and the routine of the class, intervening in this routine and leading literary readings for / with the children. The record of the routine happened through photos of the different activities and spaces in which the literary reading has happened and of field notes produced from the observations of reading workshops developed with the kindergarten children. Based on this work, we reflected on the need to perform literary reading mediations as a condition to train readers capable of assigning meaning to the different literary genres, which demand specific ways of reading them. In this respect, literature becomes one of the structuring axes of educational practice and Infant Education presents itself as a space for the formation of literary readers. The historical-cultural theory is the theoretical basis that subsidized the literary reading mediations development and that guided the reflection and analyzes on the accomplished work. In this perspective, reading is conceived as a cultural practice and, therefore, as part of the subjects humanization process. Literature enables the child, by imbricating reality and imagination, to transform into part of his subjectivity what was objectified by other subjects throughout the history of humanity, thus revealing its humanizing force. Based on the research findings, we can perceive that time and space are cultural mediators, when organized to provide access to different elements of culture, in this research to the literary reading moments, contribute to the formation of the subjects and to the attribution of meaning to literary reading practices. Consequently, I develop reflections that allow us to glimpse possibilities of working with literature in the kindergarten classes.
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Meldgaard, Betty Li. "Perception, action, and game space." Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2462/.
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This paper examines the use of the ecological approach to visual perception in relation to action in game spaces. By applying the ecological approach it is believed that we can gain new insights into the mechanisms of perceiving possibilities for action.
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Crum, Melissa R. "Creating Inviting and Self-Affirming Learning Spaces: African American Women's Narratives of School and Lessons Learned from Homeschooling." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397824234.
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Barbosa, Eliene Maria da Silva. "Aprendência nômade: um estudo dos processos itinerantes da aprendizagem docente." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2007. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/11104.
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O presente estudo buscou compreender como os professores constróem seus etnométodos nos processos itinerantes de aprendizagem docente. Mediante o argumento de que a aprendizagem é um fenômeno itinerante e nômade, o estudo evidencia os diferentes modos/formas de aprendência docente bem como os espaços multirreferenciais em que ela acontece, os tempos de aprendizagem dos professores e como estes elementos se relacionam com a construção/reconstrução da ação docente. A pesquisa teve como lócus o Programa de Formação de Professores do Estado - PROESP/Licenciatura em Letras do Pólo de Jacobina-BA. A metodologia adotada baseou-se na pesquisa qualitativa do tipo etnográfica ancorada na Antropologia, utilizando os seguintes instrumentos de coleta e análise de dados: entrevistas semi-estruturadas, observação-participante, memoriais e grupo focal. As diferentes e singulares narrativas, emergidas na pesquisa através dos instrumentos de coleta, foram analisadas pelo olhar interpretativo da Análise do Conteúdo. O resultado do trabalho traz as histórias de aprendizagem dos professores, tecidas em tramas individuais e coletivas.
Salvador
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Ward, David. "Action-space theory of conscious vision." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5604.
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I argue that conscious visual experience consists in a direct and noninferential grasp of the way one’s current perceptual contact with the environment poises one to pursue various intentional plans, goals and projects. I show that such a view of visual consciousness is supported by current work in cognitive neuroscience, affords a compelling account of colour perception, and suggests a way to bridge the ‘explanatory gap’ between consciousness and the language of the natural sciences. In chapter 1, I examine the reasoning that leads to the appearance of an explanatory gap between the phenomenal and the physical in more detail, and set out the constraints on a solution that our discussion of the problem has imposed. I then sketch the two rival takes on the relationship between perception and action mentioned above – adjudicating between these two theories (and finding in favour of the action-space view) is the task of the next two chapters, and is a recurring theme throughout. Chapter 2 moves on to discuss some recent work in the neuropsychology of vision and what it might suggest about the functional role of conscious vision, and the first half of chapter 3 considers two puzzle cases concerning colour perception. Each of these discussions turns out to constitute a source of support for the actionspace view that visual perception consists in a grasp of the practical consequences of sensation, and the second half of chapter 3 sets out this view and responds to an initial range of questions and objections it might face. Chapter 4 illustrates our view via a discussion of colour perception, and chapter 5 discusses the type of grasp of practical consequences that is necessary for perceptual sensitivity to issue in conscious experience. By chapter 6, we are in a position to see how the action-space approach can help close the explanatory gap for phenomenal consciousness, and our final chapter sets out how I think this should be done. I conclude with a brief discussion of further questions and prospects for the action-space approach.
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Grecianu, Andrei-Paul. "Group actions on non-archimedean hyperbolic spaces." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119392.
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We investigate group actions on a metric space that has some sort of hyperbolicity property. Such metric spaces can arise naturally in the study of hyperbolic, or relatively hyperbolic, groups and of systems of equations over them. We will establish a classification of isometries for non-archimedean hyperbolic spaces similar to that of isometries of classical hyperbolic spaces, various quasi-isometric embeddings of non-geodesic hyperbolic spaces into geodesic ones and a criterion for a group acting on a hyperbolic space to be hyperbolic relative to a point stabilizer. We shall then use these results to establish a description of finitely generated torsion-free groups which allow a faithful action by isometries on a non-archimedean hyperbolic space.On étudie les actions de groupe sur un espace métrique qui possède une propriété d'hyperbolicité quelconque. De tels espaces métriques peuvent apparaître naturellement dans le cadre de l'étude des groupes hyperboliques, ou relativement hyperboliques, et de leurs systèmes d'équations. On prouvera une classification des isométries des espaces hyperboliques non-archimédiens similaire à celle des isométries d'espaces hyperboliques classiques, divers plongements quasi-isométriques d'espaces métriques non-géodésiques dans des espaces géodésiques et un critère pour qu'un group agissant sur un espace hyperbolique soit hyperbolique relatif au stabilisateur d'un point. On utilisera ensuite ces résultats pour obtenir une description des groupes sans torsion finiment engendrés qui permettent une action fidèle par isométries sur un espace hyperbolique non-archimédien.
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Milicic, Maja. "Action, Time and Space in Description Logics." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1220871815669-38852.
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Description Logics (DLs) are a family of logic-based knowledge representation (KR) formalisms designed to represent and reason about static conceptual knowledge in a semantically well-understood way. On the other hand, standard action formalisms are KR formalisms based on classical logic designed to model and reason about dynamic systems. The largest part of the present work is dedicated to integrating DLs with action formalisms, with the main goal of obtaining decidable action formalisms with an expressiveness significantly beyond propositional. To this end, we offer DL-tailored solutions to the frame and ramification problem. One of the main technical results is that standard reasoning problems about actions (executability and projection), as well as the plan existence problem are decidable if one restricts the logic for describing action pre- and post-conditions and the state of the world to decidable Description Logics. A smaller part of the work is related to decidable extensions of Description Logics with concrete datatypes, most importantly with those allowing to refer to the notions of space and time.
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Phear, Nicolette. "Creating Space| Engaging Deliberation about Climate Action." Thesis, Prescott College, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3642993.
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In the United States public discourse, climate change is often framed as a polarized and intractable issue. The purpose of this dissertation was to explore deliberation about climate action, and to evaluate whether effective responses to climate change can be facilitated through new structures and processes that enable and encourage dialogue on the subject of how to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Working with sustainability leaders at the University of Montana and in the community of Missoula, Montana, the author convened three public deliberations, in which a variety of solutions to climate change were discussed. Three questions guided this study: 1) what motivated individuals to engage in deliberation about climate action; 2) how did individual engagement vary and affect the quality of the deliberation; and 3) how effective were the deliberations in building a sense of individual agency and generating collaborative action strategies to address climate change. Based on a rigorous statistical analysis of survey responses combined with qualitative data, this action research study offers a holistic exploration of the three deliberative events convened. The deliberative processes generated collaborative action strategies and increased participants' sense of agency to take action on climate change; the findings also revealed differences in the ways individuals engaged and affected the quality of the overall group deliberation. This dissertation contributes to the literature on collaborative responses and collective action on climate change, broadens understanding of deliberative processes, and provides new insight into opportunities for leading deliberation about climate action.
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Jones, Nick. "Space and the contemporary Hollywood action sequence." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2013. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/18062.
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This thesis investigates the manner in which the action sequences of contemporary Hollywood cinema reflect and constitute ways of imagining space. The thesis proposes that these sequences are highly spatialised presentations of bodily interaction with the world, and as such manifest cultural anxieties regarding the relationship between the individual and the built environment, and work to assure their viewers of the capacity of the human form to survive the disorienting spaces of contemporary architecture, globalisation and technology. In order to demonstrate this, the aesthetic and formal properties of action sequences are read alongside critical work exploring how space shapes social life, including influential texts by Henri Lefebvre, Michel de Certeau, Fredric Jameson and others. These readings reveal that both action sequences and critical spatial theory are similarly attentive to the difficulties, contradictions and possibilities of built space. A range of action sequences from Hollywood films of the last fifteen years, including sequences from Mission: Impossible - Ghost Protocol, The International, The Bourne Identity, The Bourne Supremacy, The Bourne Ultimatum, Jumper, Casino Royale, Quantum of Solace, Sucker Punch, Inception, Swordfish, The Matrix, The Matrix Reloaded, TRON: Legacy, Resident Evil, Resident Evil: Afterlife and Dredd 3D are analysed for how they depict space and spatial agency. Rather than concentrating upon the narratives of these films, the chapters of the thesis deal in turn with the ways in which action sequences express contemporary developments within the built environment; the consequences of globalisation; the impact of these spatial changes upon mental life; the challenges to bodily engagement raised by digital technology and cyberspace; and the modifications to representing space on film prompted by stereoscopic exhibition. Examinations of these sequences are used to build a model of the action sequence that suggests spatial appropriation and ideas around place-creation are crucial elements of the form.
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Delgado, Huitrón Cynthia Citlallin. "Boundaries transgressed : action-reaction-repercussion ; /." Connect to online version, 2009. http://ada.mtholyoke.edu/setr/websrc/pdfs/www/2009/369.pdf.
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Jensen, Kimya, and Peyron Nicole Nordengrim. "När är det barnens tur? : En studie om socialarbetares syn på barns delaktighet och inflytande." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-24950.
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According to the Conventions on the Rights of the Child, children have the right to make their voices heard and express their opinion in situations concerning them. With this paper the authors have chosen to explore social worker’s view’s on children’s participation and influence, and how these are manifested through the entire case process. The focus in this study has also been the positive and negative effects the children’s influence may have. To investigate this, a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews has been conducted. The interviews of social workers has shown that children have influence, but the extent may vary due to various factors. There are different perceptions of what participation and influence really relate, something that both the interviewed social workers and previous research has pointed out. In doing so, it may be of great importance that social workers continue to talk about children's influence, as well as developing new and more effective methods to make children more involved and give them more influence. This is especially important because of the devastating effects it can have when children are excluded from the decision-making.
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Nichols, B. "Reinforcement learning in continuous state- and action-space." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2014. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/967w8/reinforcement-learning-in-continuous-state-and-action-space.
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Reinforcement learning in the continuous state-space poses the problem of the inability to store the values of all state-action pairs in a lookup table, due to both storage limitations and the inability to visit all states sufficiently often to learn the correct values. This can be overcome with the use of function approximation techniques with generalisation capability, such as artificial neural networks, to store the value function. When this is applied we can select the optimal action by comparing the values of each possible action; however, when the action-space is continuous this is not possible. In this thesis we investigate methods to select the optimal action when artificial neural networks are used to approximate the value function, through the application of numerical optimization techniques. Although it has been stated in the literature that gradient-ascent methods can be applied to the action selection [47], it is also stated that solving this problem would be infeasible, and therefore, is claimed that it is necessary to utilise a second artificial neural network to approximate the policy function [21, 55]. The major contributions of this thesis include the investigation of the applicability of action selection by numerical optimization methods, including gradient-ascent along with other derivative-based and derivative-free numerical optimization methods,and the proposal of two novel algorithms which are based on the application of two alternative action selection methods: NM-SARSA [40] and NelderMead-SARSA. We empirically compare the proposed methods to state-of-the-art methods from the literature on three continuous state- and action-space control benchmark problems from the literature: minimum-time full swing-up of the Acrobot; Cart-Pole balancing problem; and a double pole variant. We also present novel results from the application of the existing direct policy search method genetic programming to the Acrobot benchmark problem [12, 14].
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Luna, Daniel Neves Abath. "Guerrilha e espionagem em games de ação: o cotidiano na mira de um avatar pesquisador interagindo no Brasil, Cuba e Iraque." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4477.
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The present research discusses the symbolic forms of everyday life expression through the spaces of the action games Call of duty: modern warfare 2 (2009), Call of Duty: black ops (2010) and Battlefield 3 (2011). Our hypothesis is that the structural functioning of these games, as it happens in everyday life, determines main spatialities and points of immediate relevance, establishing, therefore, peripheral spaces, appropriate to storage of symbolic artifacts of exogenous reality to games. This case study is methodologically based on a duplicity looks exploratory, now concerned with describing the progression routes of the main spaces, well aware of the details that make up the peripheral spaces. Through theoretical contributions on space in games, perspective in arts and sociology of everyday life, we could identify and point out interpretations of the symbolic everyday life of action games, showing that the meanings of these elements relate to economic and political issues of the countries involved in the stages of the games analysis, such as Brazil, Cuba and Iraq.
A presente pesquisa discute as formas simbólicas de manifestação do cotidiano através dos espaços dos games de ação Call of duty: modern warfare 2 (2009), Call of duty: black ops (2010) e Battlefield 3 (2011). Nossa hipótese é a de que o funcionamento estrutural desses games, tal qual acontece na vida cotidiana, determina espacialidades principais e pontos de relevância imediatos, estabelecendo, por consequência, espaços periféricos, oportunos à estocagem de artefatos simbólicos da realidade exógena aos jogos. Este estudo de caso está metodologicamente fundamentado em uma duplicidade de olhares exploratórios, ora preocupado em descrever os percursos de progressão dos espaços principais, ora atento aos detalhes que compõem os espaços periféricos. Por meio de aportes teóricos sobre espaço nos games, perspectiva nas artes plásticas e sociologia do cotidiano, pudemos identificar e apontar interpretações do cotidiano simbólico dos games de ação, demonstrando que as significações desses elementos dizem respeito a questões econômicas e políticas dos países envolvidos nos estágios dos games analisados, tais como Brasil, Cuba e Iraque.
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Monge, Beatriz Carrasco. "Prática de ensino supervisionada em Pré-escolar e em 1.º ciclo do ensino básico: organização de ambientes educativos promotores da educação em ciências naturais." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/19947.
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O presente relatório, elaborado no âmbito Prática de Ensino Supervisionada
em Pré-Escolar e em 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico dá a conhecer os processos de
aprendizagem imanentes à prática desenvolvida em contexto. Em Educação Pré-
Escolar elaborei um memorial de formação que permitiu refletir sobre as experiências
vividas no estágio, possibilitando a aquisição de conhecimentos e aprendizagens
profissionais. No 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico o estágio também assumiu uma perspetiva
reflexiva que me permitiu aprender a profissão, mas a dinâmica do trabalho com as
crianças possibilitou, igualmente, a realização de um projeto alinhado com a
investigação-ação. Os contextos foram diferenciados pela sua especificidade, quer
pela situação geográfica e cultural das instituições, quer pelo nível de ensino em que
se desenvolveram. A prática educativa em 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico ocorreu na
escola EB/JI Galopim de Carvalho em Évora, já a prática em Pré-Escolar ocorreu no
Núcleo de Educação Infantil Colônia Z-11, na cidade de Florianópolis no Brasil.
No que respeita à dimensão investigativa, dediquei especial atenção à
“Organização de Ambientes Educativos Promotores da Educação em Ciências
Naturais”, com vista a compreender como é que aprender ciências pode contribuir
para a literacia científica das crianças tendo em vista o exercício de uma cidadania
informada. Para tal as crianças envolveram-se ativamente no processo de construção
do seu próprio conhecimento.
Recorri a autores que me deram contributos para conceber, planear e
fundamentar as práticas, quer do ponto de vista pedagógico quer do ponto de vista
dos conteúdos curriculares. Para a recolha e tratamento da informação, atendi aos
contextos onde o trabalho se realizou, bem como às observações dos diversos
intervenientes na supervisão dos estágios, a planificações e reflexões semanais que
fui elaborando e me permitiram concretizar uma análise imprescindível para as
aprendizagens concretizadas e apresentadas no presente Relatório; REPORT OF SUPERVISED TEACHING PRACTICE IN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION AND
THE 1ST CYCLE OF PRIMARY EDUCATION: ORGANIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL
ENVIRONMENTS PROMOTERS OF EDUCATION IN NATURAL SCIENCES
Abstract:
The present report, elaborated in the scope of the Practice of Supervised
Teaching in Pre-School and in the Primary Education, makes to known the learning
processes inherent to the practice developed in context. In Pre-School Education, I
created a training memorial that allowed me to reflect on the experiences I had live in
the internship, making possible the acquisition of professional’s knowledges and
learnings.
In Primary School the internship also assumed a reflexive perspective which
allowed me to learn the profession, but the dynamic of the work with the children
allowed me to, equally, the realization of a project lined up with the action-research.
The contexts where differentiated by their specificity, by the institutions geographic
location, by the cultural situation and by the learning level where they were developed.
The educational practice in Primary School occurred in the school EB/JI Galopim de
Carvalho in Évora and the Pre-School practice occurred in Núcleo de Educação Infantil
Colônia Z-11, in Brazil in the city of Florianopolis. In the matter of the investigative
dimension, I dedicated special attention to the “Organization of Educative
Environments Promoters of Natural Sciences Education”, to understand how learning
sciences can contribute to scientifically literacy of the children, having in view the
exercise of an informed citizenship. For this the children involved actively in the
process of building their own knowledge.
I resorted to authors who give me contributes to conceive, to plan and to
fundament the practices, both from the pedagogical point of view and from the
curricular contents point of view. To the collect and treat of data, I attend to the
contexts where the work were realized, to the observations of the diverse actors in the
internship supervision, to the daily plans and weekly reflections which I had been
elaborating and which allowed me to concretize an indispensable analysis to the
learnings achieve and presented in the present report.
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Pacheco, Estefan Daniel. "Space, memory, action: insights from behaviour and neurophysiology." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458526.
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Human memory is fundamentally linked to experience. Traditionally, however, it has been studied in restricted tasks, under constrained experimental conditions. Understanding memory from a situated, embodied, spatial perspective constitutes not only a major scientific challenge but a primary issue in the design of future educational technologies. Indeed, recent developments in virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) systems provide novel means to organize the interaction with digital content in fully spatial setups. A deeper insight into the behavioral determinants of memory is thus critical to build better Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) systems to visualize, explore and learn from data. In an interdisciplinary effort that integrates techniques from experimental psychology, HCI and neuroscience, this thesis presents a series of studies focused on the modulation of human long-term declarative memory by incidental and action-related factors. Our findings demonstrate the role of environmental information associated with items at encoding and retrieval on memory performance. In the brain, such spatial-context effect is observed in the early reinstatement of a combined spatial and stimulus-derived neural representation in the hippocampus during memory retrieval. Moreover, our data highlight the role of spatial context in shaping the underlying structure of long-term memory, which is observed in the strong statistical dependency of free recall recollection dynamics on the distance between items at encoding. Our results further underline the benefits of self-directed learning in mnemonic processing. We report enhanced item recognition when timings and materials of study are volitionally determined by the learner as compared to passive memorization. Physiologically, active learning is characterized by increased theta oscillations in the hippocampus, in line with several studies which have linked this frequency band to active information sampling in the rodent. A key question arising from these findings is how to apply this knowledge in the design of new learning paradigms. Based on the principles of experience, embodiment, agency during the exploration of large corpus of data, we introduce an ecology of technologies aimed at the optimization of human-data interaction in the field of Digital Heritage. Altogether, our results advance our understanding of the behavioral determinants of human long-term declarative memory and their underlying physiological substrate, suggesting scientifically-grounded guidelines for the design of novel educational paradigms.La memoria humana está fundamentalmente ligada a la experiencia. Tradicionalmente, sin embargo, se ha estudiado en tareas restringidas, en condiciones experimentales limitadas. La comprensión de la memoria desde una perspectiva corporal, situada, espacial, constituye no sólo un desafío científico importante, sino una cuestión primordial en el diseño de las futuras tecnologías educativas. De hecho, mejoras recientes en sistemas de realidad virtual y aumentada (VR/AR) proporcionan nuevos medios para organizar la interacción con contenido digital en configuraciones completamente espaciales. Una visión más profunda de los determinantes conductuales de la memoria es, por lo tanto, crítica para construir mejores sistemas de interacción humano-ordenador (HCI) para la exploración y visualización de datos. En un esfuerzo interdisciplinario que integra técnicas de psicología experimental, HCI y neurociencia, esta tesis presenta una serie de estudios enfocados en la modulación de la memoria humana declarativa de largo plazo por factores incidentales y relacionados con la acción. Nuestros hallazgos demuestran el papel de la información ambiental asociada a elementos durante la codificación y la recuperación en el rendimiento de la memoria. En el cerebro, este efecto de contexto espacial se observa en la repetición temprana, durante el recuerdo, de una representación neuronal conjunta de contexto y estímulos en el hipocampo. Además, nuestros datos ponen de relieve el papel del contexto espacial en la configuración de la estructura de la memoria de largo plazo, lo que se observa en la fuerte dependencia estadística entre las dinámicas del recuerdo libre y la distancia entre los elementos durante la codificación. Nuestros resultados también subrayan los beneficios del aprendizaje autodirigido en el procesamiento mnemónico. Demostramos una mejor memoria de reconocimiento cuando los tiempos y materiales de estudio son determinados voluntariamente por el estudiante en comparación con la memorización pasiva. Fisiológicamente, el aprendizaje activo se caracteriza por un aumento de las oscilaciones theta en el hipocampo, en línea con varios estudios que han vinculado la banda al muestreo activo de información en el roedor. Una cuestión clave que surge de estos hallazgos es cómo aplicar este conocimiento en el diseño de nuevos paradigmas de aprendizaje. Basado en los principios de la experiencia, la corporalidad y la acción durante la exploración de datos, introducimos una ecología de tecnologías dirigidas a la optimización de la interacción hombre-datos en el campo del patrimonio digital. En conjunto, nuestros resultados avanzan nuestra comprensión de la memoria humana declarativa de largo plazo, sus determinantes conductuales y substrato fisiológico, sugiriendo guías fundamentadas científicamente para el diseño de nuevos paradigmas educativos.
La memòria humana està fonamentalment relacionada amb l’experiència. Tradicionalment, però, s’ha estudiat en tasques restringides, sota condicions experimentals limitades. La comprensió de la memòria des d’una perspectiva espacial, corpòria i de presencia constitueix no només un repte científic important, sinó una qüestió primordial en el disseny de futures tecnologies educatives. De fet, els desenvolupaments recents en sistemes de realitat virtual i augmentada (VR/AR) proporcionen nous mitjans per organitzar la interacció amb contingut digital en configuracions totalment espacials. Una visió més profunda dels determinants conductuals de la memòria és, per tant, fonamental per construir millors sistemes d’interacció humans-computadores (HCI) per visualitzar, explorar i aprendre de dades. En un esforç interdisciplinari que integra tècniques de psicologia experimental, HCI i neurociència, aquesta tesi presenta una sèrie d’estudis centrats en la modulació de la memòria humana declarativa a llarg termini, a través de factors incidentals i relacionats amb l’acció. Les nostres troballes demostren la influència del context ambiental associada a ítems en la codificació i recuperació en el rendiment de la memòria. Al cervell, aquest efecte de context espacial s’observa en la restauració primerenca, durant el record, d’una representació neuronal conjunta de context i estímuls en l’hipocamp. A més, les nostres dades ressalten la importància del paper que té el context espacial en la configuració de l’estructura de la memòria a llarg termini, que s’observa en la forta dependència estadística entre la dinàmica de recuperació lliure i la distància entre ítems durant la codificació. Els nostres resultats també subratllen els beneficis de l’aprenentatge autodirigit en el processament mnemònic. Presentem un reconeixement millorat d’elements quan els temps i materials d’estudi són determinats voluntàriament per al estudiant en comparació amb una memorització passiva. Fisiològicament, l’aprenentatge actiu es caracteritza per l’augment de les oscil·lacions de theta en l’hipocamp, en línia amb diversos estudis que han vinculat aquesta banda de freqüències amb el mostreig d’informació activa en rosegadors. Una pregunta clau que sorgeix d’aquests resultats és com aplicar aquest coneixement en el disseny de nous paradigmes d’aprenentatge. Basant-nos en els principis d’experiència, realització i agència durant l’exploració de grans corpus de dades, introduïm una ecologia de tecnologies orientada a l’optimització de la interacció entre humans i dades en el camp del patrimoni digital. En conjunt, els nostres resultats avancen la nostra comprensió dels determinants conductuals de la memòria declarativa humana a llarg termini i el seu substrat fisiològic, suggerint pautes per al disseny de nous paradigmes educatius.
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Grönland, Axel, and Möllerstedt Viktor Eriksson. "Robust Reinforcement Learning in Continuous Action/State Space." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-293879.
Full textAbstract:
In this project we aim to apply Robust Reinforce-ment Learning algorithms, presented by Doya and Morimoto [1],[2], to control problems. Specifically, we train an agent to balancea pendulum in the unstable equilibrium, which is the invertedstate.We investigate the performance of controllers based on twodifferent function approximators. One is quadratic, and the othermakes use of a Radial Basis Function neural network. To achieverobustness we will make use of an approach similar toH∞control, which amounts to introducing an adversary in the controlsystem.By changing the mass of the pendulum after training, we aimedto show as in [2] that the supposedly robust controllers couldhandle this disruption better than its non-robust counterparts.This was not the case. We also added a random disturber signalafter training and performed similar tests, but we were againunable to show robustness.I detta projekt applicerar vi Robust Rein- forcement Learning (RRL) algoritmer, framtagna av Doya och Morimoto [1], [2], på reglerproblem. Målet var att träna en agent att balansera en pendel i det instabila jämviktsläget; det inverterade tillståndet. Vi undersökte prestandan hos regulatorer baserade på två value function approximators. Den ena är kvadratisk och den andra en Radial Basis Function neuralt nätverk. För att skapa robusthet så använder vi en metod som är ekvivalent med H∞ - reglering, som innebär att man introducerar en motståndare i reglersystemet. Genom att ändra pendelns massa efter träning, hoppas vi att som i [2] kunna visa att den förment robusta regulatorn klarar av denna störning bättre än sin icke-robusta mostvarighet. Detta var inte fallet. Vi lade även till en slumpmässig störsignal efter träning och utförde liknande tester, men lyckades inte visa robusthet i detta fall heller.
Kandidatexjobb i elektroteknik 2020, KTH, Stockholm
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Hamidi, Fatemeh. "REVITALISING URBAN SPACE, AN ANT-BASED ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THREE REDESIGNED PUBLIC SPACES IN ROSENGÅRD." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23104.
Full textAbstract:
Public space functions are essential for society to function because they can support social exchanges and building public life. This master thesis is a study of public life that unfolds in the setting of three redesigned public spaces in Rosengård, including Bokalerna, Rosens Röda Matta, and Rosengård Centrum. Drawing on a conceptual toolbox developed from a territorial actor-network theory (ANT) I examine the socio-material exchanges that take place because of the redesigned materialities of space and explore their impact on the quality of the selected public places. I employ qualitative methods - visual ethnography and interviews - to address the questions of 1) how material topographies mediate social exchange and 2) What actors or events are important for assembling everyday sociality in the selected three public spaces.I made use of six operative concepts of anchors, base camps, multicore and monocore spaces, tickets and rides, ladders, and finally punctiform, linear and field seating to explore their impact on the quality of the selected public places in terms of affording or hindering social exchanges. My field observations of the three sites and interviews indicate that the Rosengård Centrum accommodate a more pronounced public life compared the other, and perhaps the most popular one in the district. The programmed materialities and multiple points of organised activities allow space to facilitate heterogeneous clusterings of humans and non-human entities and the formation of a diverse collective. Moreover, the organization of a mixture of monocore and multicore space in combination with sheltered anchor spots appears to be essential for assembling and stabilising human collectives and everyday sociality in Rosengård.My findings suggest that, while many of the discussions in the literature concentrate on centres of cities or large metropolitan areas, much could still be learned from a thorough study of public spaces at a finer scale and neighbourhood level.
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Kirsebom, Maxim Solund. "Extreme value theory for group actions on homogeneous spaces." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.664970.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis we study extreme value theory for random walks as well as one-parameter actions on homogeneous spaces. In both cases we investigate the limiting distributions for the maximum of an observable evaluated along a trajectory of the system. In particular we are going to consider asymptotic distributions for closest distance returns to a given point· and tor maximal excursions to the cusp. For closest returns on the torus we establish an exact extreme value distribution while for other cases we obtain estimates on the extreme value distributions for sparse sequences. For random walks we also obtain logarithm laws for the maximum. Finally we look into the extreme value statistics of exceedances of high levels in these settings. For the closest returns we establish convergence to a Poisson process for the point process of exceedances. In other cases we obtain estimates on the limiting distribution of the k'th largest maximum for sparse sequences.