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Journal articles on the topic 'Spanish language'

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1

Lyubyshkina, Irina. "Spenglish as a modern linguistic phenomenon in the USA." PROBLEMS OF SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS, no. 36 (2019): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2663-6530.2019.36.13.

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Some native Spanish speakers speak a little English, while others are confident biliguals, speaking both languages at a relatively equal level. Some are able to understand Spanish, but speak with considerable difficulties, while others are unlikely to understand or speak Spanish. All potential combinations between Spanish and English are possible. The heterogeneity in the command and use of Spanish is partly due to the development of an interlingual dialect, commonly known as Spanglish, a mixture of Spanish and English, found in an oral speech of Spanish and Latin American communities in the U
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2

Klochko, E. A. "Congress of the Spanish Language in Cádiz." Cuadernos Iberoamericanos 11, no. 2 (2023): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-2-205-212.

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More than 300 scholars and experts from the Spanish-speaking world took part in the IX International Congress of the Spanish Language held in Cádiz from 27 to 30 March 2023. Special attention was paid to the indigenous languages of Latin America and the Caribbean. The participants emphasized the importance of preserving the languages and traditions of indigenous nations of the region, which contributes to the preservation of cultural heritage and strengthens the relationship between Spain and Latin America. During the Congress, the emergence of such phenomena as Spanglish and Portuñol and ling
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Demianiv, Andriana. "SPANISH LANGUAGE IN THE USA: SOCIOLINGUISTIC ASPECT." PROBLEMS OF SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS, no. 44 (2023): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2663-6530.2023.44.02.

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This article aims to provide a general overview of the current state of the Spanish language in the United States, rspecially in the Southwest. The article analyzes the socio-historical circumstances that contributed to the spread of Spanish in the USA, as well as its most characteristic features from a linguistic point of view. The consequences of the influence of English on Spanish and their combination, which led to the emergence of the so-called Spanglish phenomenon, are highlighted. A comparative analysis of Spanish-Spanish (USA) and Spanish-English language transformations is conducted.
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Merritt, Haily. "Language Mode Influences Language-Specific Categorization." IU Journal of Undergraduate Research 4, no. 1 (2018): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/iujur.v4i1.24536.

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The present study aims to fill a gap at the intersection of the phenomena of language mode—the state of activation of the bilingual’s languages and language processing mechanisms—and the subset problem—issues learners face when the second language has fewer of some kind of contrast than the first language. When the subset problem is present in second language acquisition, learners may struggle to acquire specific contrasts of a language and may map them incorrectly to their first language. By studying advanced learners of Spanish and considering language mode, we are able to investigate whethe
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Ortega, Pilar, Kevin C. Tan, Josh Prada, and Yoon Soo Park. "Medical Student and Faculty Attitudes Toward Translanguaging with Spanish-Speaking Patients." Journal of the National Hispanic Medical Association 2, no. 1 (2024): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.59867/nhma0301.

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Background: Spanish is the second most common US language, and Spanish speakers commonly translanguage—spontaneously integrate multiple languages. Medical language courses have proliferated, yet learner and faculty attitudes about translanguaging with patients remain unexplored. Also, it is unclear whether medical Spanish courses address real-world patient linguistic practices, such as translanguaging. Methods: We applied a community cultural wealth framework to identify translanguaging practices relevant to patient-physician communication: regionalisms, Spanglish, and non-standard language us
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Gomashie, Grace. "Language Vitality of Spanish in Equatorial Guinea: Language Use and Attitudes." Humanities 8, no. 1 (2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h8010033.

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This study investigates the use of and attitudes towards, Spanish in the multilingual Republic of Equatorial Guinea, the only African country with Spanish as an official language. The Spanish dialect of Equatorial Guinea is an understudied area, although descriptive research on the Spanish language spoken there began in the 1950s. Very few research studies have been carried out on the sociolinguistic dynamic of this multilingual country. Four scales of language vitality were utilized and it was demonstrated that Spanish in Equatorial Guinea is not endangered and continues to thrive. An online
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Iovenko, V. A. "School of Spanish." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 5(38) (October 28, 2014): 231–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-5-38-231-233.

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Spanish language was among foreign languages, studied at MGIMO from its inception. Maria Luisa Gonzalez Vincens was at the origin of the establishment of the School of Spanish language at MGIMO. She as a philologist, belonging to humanitarian tradition. She studied at the University of Madrid with Luis Bunuel, Federico Garcia Lorca and Salvador Dali, and communicated with people who later became the glory and pride of the world culture. The increased role of the Spanish language in international contacts required the creation of the separate Department of Spanish Language at MGIMO. Since 2002,
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Savickienė, Inga, Laura Raščiauskaitė, Aušra Jankauskaitė, and Loreta Alešiūnaitė. "Teaching Spanish in Secondary School of Lithuania: Possibilities and Challenges of Spanish Teacher in 21st Century." Sustainable Multilingualism 13, no. 1 (2018): 239–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sm-2018-0020.

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Summary Integration into the European Union, increasing communication and cooperation between countries have brought an extensive interest in foreign languages and the need for foreign language teaching and learning has been recognized by the developers of Lithuanian education policy as an inseparable component of personal development. Teaching and learning of Romanic languages in Lithuania have been popular, exceptional, though varied. French language teaching has old traditions in both formal and non-formal education; while teaching of other Romanic languages (Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, e
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9

Oktavia, Diana. "UNDERSTANDING NEW LANGUAGE: MUTUAL INTELLIGIBILITY IN ROMANCE LANGUAGE PAIR." Journal Of Language Education and Development (JLed) 2, no. 1 (2019): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52060/jled.v2i1.203.

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This paper concerns to the strategy applied by speakers of mutual intelligibilitity languages pairs in Europe, especially in Romance language pair, Portuegese and Spanish. Initial studies found a receptive multilingulism as a great strategy to break the gap of communication within these two languages. It is found that the speakers of both Portuegese and Spanish are able to communicate and understand each other even though they do not speak each other language. It happens because those two languages resemble each other and they have a large number of cognate words which makes them recognizable.
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Kalt, Susan E. "Spanish as a second language when L1 is Quechua: Endangered languages and the SLA researcher." Second Language Research 28, no. 2 (2012): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658311426844.

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Spanish is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. Quechua is the largest indigenous language family to constitute the first language (L1) of second language (L2) Spanish speakers. Despite sheer number of speakers and typologically interesting contrasts, Quechua–Spanish second language acquisition is a nearly untapped research area, due to the marginalization of Quechua-speaking people. This review considers contributions to the field of second language acquisition gleaned from studying the grammars of Quechua speakers who learn Spanish as well as monolingual Quechua and Spanish
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11

Martínez García, María Teresa. "Language bias and proficiency effects on cross-language activation." Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 10, no. 6 (2018): 873–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.17023.mar.

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Abstract Recent research proposes that language bias and proficiency modulate cross-language activation in comprehension and production, but it is unclear how they operate and whether they interact. This study investigates whether stress differences between Spanish-English cognates (material, final-syllable stress in Spanish) affect how native-English second-language-Spanish bilinguals recognize Spanish words (materia “subject/matter,” second-syllable stress in Spanish). In a Spanish-English eye-tracking experiment (and parallel production task), participants heard/produced trisyllabic Spanish
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Osmushina, Anastasiya Andreevna. "Cosmo-psycho-logos of the Spanish language in the teaching of foreign languages." Филология: научные исследования, no. 1 (January 2023): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2023.1.38502.

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The relevance of the work lies in the understanding that knowledge of logic, epistemology, ontology of language contributes to the competent implementation of the dialogue of cultures. The purpose of the study is to formulate the Cosmo-Psycho-Logos system of the Spanish language in comparison with Russian, English, German and French, as well as to substantiate the importance of introducing CPL in teaching a foreign language. The subject of the study is the CPL of the Spanish language. The methods of our research include general scientific methods of analyzing sources, namely colloquial Spanish
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Gutiérrez, Luz M. "Spanish-language pharmacists." DICP 24, no. 1 (1990): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809002400124.

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14

Dworkin, Steven, and Aengus Ward. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 61, no. 1 (1999): 218–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90000295.

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WRIGHT, ROGER, and MAX W. WHEELER. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 46, no. 1 (1985): 270–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90002640.

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WRIGHT, ROGER, and MAX W. WHEELER. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 47, no. 1 (1986): 276–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90002718.

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WRIGHT, ROGER, and MAX W. WHEELER. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 48, no. 1 (1987): 291–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90002794.

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WRIGHT, ROGER, and CHRISTOPHER LYONS. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 49, no. 1 (1988): 274–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90002874.

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WRIGHT, ROGER, and CHRISTOPHER LYONS. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 50, no. 1 (1989): 257–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90002945.

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WRIGHT, ROGER, and CHRISTOPHER LYONS. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 51, no. 1 (1990): 243–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90003023.

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ENGLAND, JOHN, and CHRISTOPHER LYONS. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 52, no. 1 (1991): 277–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90003100.

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ENGLAND, JOHN, and CHRISTOPHER LYONS. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 53, no. 1 (1992): 266–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90003173.

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ENGLAND, JOHN, and CHRISTOPHER LYONS. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 54, no. 1 (1993): 274–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90003248.

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ENGLAND, JOHN, and CHRISTOPHER LYONS. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 55, no. 1 (1994): 315–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90003320.

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ENGLAND, JOHN. "SPANISH STUDIES: LANGUAGE." Year’s Work in Modern Language Studies 56, no. 1 (1995): 303–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22224297-90003393.

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26

Garcia De Toro, Cristina. "Describing Catalan–Spanish translation." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 54, no. 4 (2008): 369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.54.4.05gar.

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When tackling the issue of translation between Spanish and Catalan, Branchadell and West state that translation into a minority language like Catalan is truly an ill-studied and poorly understood phenomenon (2004:16). This paper aims to start a debate on a language pair that has scarcely been studied and is still poorly known even in the Spanish context: two languages that live together, two close languages, two languages always determined by the socio-political and historical circumstances around them, and, as a result, two languages well understood by all speakers in the crowded Catalan regi
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27

Jaume-Losa, Alejandro A. "“From left to right”: the influence of political orientation on the language attitudes of the population of Palma toward Catalan and Spanish." Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 18, no. 1 (2025): 131–66. https://doi.org/10.1515/shll-2025-2005.

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Abstract Following the restoration of Spanish democracy in the 1970s, the institutions of the Balearic Islands crafted a legal framework for Catalan and Spanish that recognized them as official languages in the region and strived for the normalization of Catalan as the historic language of the archipelago. The establishment of this legal framework, however, and the consequent implementation of certain language policies, has been accompanied by a process of societal polarization in terms of language attitudes, particularly in Palma. Likewise, these language attitudes have become associated with
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Semenova, Marina Yu. "Integrating Linguistic Diversity in Globalized Spanglish Communities." SHS Web of Conferences 50 (2018): 01156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185001156.

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Globalization comprises a complex range of various processes and has a huge impact on many spheres of life, including languages and dialects. The paper analyzes linguistic phenomena caused by globalization which have resulted in a new language type which can be denoted as ‘poststandard languages’. English being a means of international communication has entered many standard language systems causing an extensive use of English loanwords and pseudo-English elements combined with a wordplay. This anglicalization results in two or more languages merging into a new poststandard language, a common
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Giguere, David, and Erika Hoff. "Home language and societal language skills in second-generation bilingual adults." International Journal of Bilingualism 24, no. 5-6 (2020): 1071–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006920932221.

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Aims: Research aims were (a) to test competing predictions regarding the levels of heritage and societal language proficiency among young adults who experienced early exposure to both languages, and (b) to identify sources of individual differences in degree of bilingualism. Design/methodology/approach: Participants comprised 65 Spanish–English bilinguals who reported using both languages on a weekly basis, 25 native English monolinguals, and 25 native Spanish monolinguals. Language and literacy skills were assessed with a battery of standardized and research-based assessments. Degree of bilin
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Rumper, Brooke, Elizabeth Frechette, Daryl B. Greenfield, and Kathy Hirsh-Pasek. "Impacts on Head Start Dual Language Learning Children’s Early Science Outcomes." Education Sciences 11, no. 6 (2021): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11060283.

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The present study examined the roles that language of assessment, language dominance, and teacher language use during instruction play in Dual Language Learner (DLL) science scores. A total of 255 Head Start DLL children were assessed on equated science assessments in English and Spanish. First overall differences between the two languages were examined, then associations between performance on science assessments were compared and related to children’s language dominance, teacher quantity of English and Spanish, and teachers’ academic science language. When examined as a homogeneous group, DL
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Sundara, Megha, Nancy Ward, Barbara Conboy, and Patricia K. Kuhl. "Exposure to a second language in infancy alters speech production." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 23, no. 5 (2020): 978–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728919000853.

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AbstractWe evaluated the impact of exposure to a second language on infants’ emerging speech production skills. We compared speech produced by three groups of 12-month-old infants while they interacted with interlocutors who spoke to them in Spanish and English: monolingual English-learning infants who had previously received 5 hours of exposure to a second language (Spanish), English- and Spanish-learning simultaneous bilinguals, and monolingual English-learning infants without any exposure to Spanish. Our results showed that the monolingual English-learning infants with short-term exposure t
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Ireland, Colin. "Journal: Sirena." Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad 10, no. 1 (2004): 277–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v10i1.146.

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Sirena is a new journal of poetry and criticism published by the department of Spanish and Portuguese at Dickinson College. A major purpose of the journal is to publish all poetry and criticism in the original language. In the case of critical articles, Sirena publishes those articles in the original language only, so an article submitted in Spanish will appear online in Spanish. For poetry, all submissions are published in the original language first and then translated into either English (if the original language was Spanish, or translated into Spanish (if the original language was English)
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Leung, Yan-kit Ingrid. "Verb morphology in second language versus third language acquisition." EUROSLA Yearbook 6 (July 20, 2006): 27–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eurosla.6.05leu.

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This paper reports an experimental study on L2 vs. L3 Spanish morphological representation. A total of 19 Spanish learners (10 Chinese native speakers who are upper intermediate to advanced L2 English users as well as 9 English native speakers who do not speak a prior language without overt morphology) participated in the study. A written production task using Spanish nonce verbs was used to elicit regular and irregular forms of Spanish past participles. The study revealed differences between native and non-native Spanish speakers but ones that are still compatible with an approach which posit
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Murashkina, O. V. "To the Issue of Communicative Teaching Foreign Languages." Язык и текст 7, no. 2 (2020): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2020070206.

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The article deals with the issue of teaching foreign languages with the usage of methods communicative. Communicative approach and communicative method are two interrelated concepts. Language competence developed in social context is the basis for successful communication in the target language. The article deals with the problem of the formation of phonological hearing in the process of teaching Spanish as a foreign language. The problem of learning the correct pronunciation is key in learning Spanish at the initial stage due to the diverse dialectal variability of the Spanish language. The m
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Davidson, Justin. "Asymmetry and Directionality in Catalan–Spanish Contact: Intervocalic Fricatives in Barcelona and Valencia." Languages 5, no. 4 (2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages5040060.

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Multilingual communities often exhibit asymmetry in directionality by which the majority language exerts greater influence on the minority language. In the case of Spanish in contact with Catalan, the asymmetry of directionality, favoring stronger influence of Spanish as a majority language over Catalan, is complicated by the unique sociolinguistic statuses afforded to different varieties of Catalan. In order to empirically substantiate the social underpinnings of directionality in language contact settings, the present study examines the variable voicing and devoicing of intervocalic alveolar
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Balteiro, Isabel. "When Spanish owns English words." English Today 28, no. 1 (2012): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078411000605.

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The English language and the Internet, both separately and taken together, are nowadays well-acknowledged as powerful forces which influence and affect the lexico-grammatical characteristics of other languages world-wide. In fact, many authors like Crystal (2004) have pointed out the emergence of the so-called Netspeak, that is, the language used in the Net or World Wide Web; as Crystal himself (2004: 19) puts it, ‘a type of language displaying features that are unique to the Internet […] arising out of its character as a medium which is electronic, global and interactive’. This ‘language’, ho
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Simon-Cereijido, Gabriela, and Lucía I. Méndez. "Using Language-Specific and Bilingual Measures to Explore Lexical–Grammatical Links in Young Latino Dual-Language Learners." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 49, no. 3 (2018): 537–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_lshss-17-0058.

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Purpose This study examined the nature of the relation between language-specific vocabulary and conceptual lexical–semantic skills with grammatical abilities within and across languages in preschool Latino dual language learners (DLLs). Method Sixty-one typically developing, Spanish–English speaking DLLs from preschools serving low-income families participated in the study. Lexical, semantic, and grammar skills were assessed toward the end of the fall in both Spanish and English using normative and researcher-developed assessment instruments. Hierarchical linear regressions using baseline cros
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Pohlod, H. Ya. "THE CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC VALUE OF THE SPANISH." PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word, no. 3(55) (April 12, 2019): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-192-197.

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The purpose of the publication is to study cultural, literary and economic significance of the Spanish. Spanish is the second most spoken language in the world. More than 550 million people around the world speak Spanish, some 7.6 % of the global population. It is the official language of 21 countries. Undoubtedly, the Spanish language is a means of acquiring knowledge, an element of identification in Hispanic countries. The challenge is to strengthen and seek strategies in different areas in order to legitimize it.
 In 1492, Antonio de Nebrija published a book called «Grammar of the Cast
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Smirnova, Irina, Victoria Vetrinskaya, and Svetlana Clemente-Smirnova. "The influence of Indian languages on the functioning of grammatical forms in Spanish in the Mexican state of Oaxaca." E3S Web of Conferences 284 (2021): 08016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128408016.

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The article deals with the local-specific features of the functioning of grammatical forms in the Spanish language of the Mexican state of Oaxaca. Examples of the influence of Native American languages on the grammatical structure of the Spanish language are analyzed and given. The co-existence of the dominant Spanish and Indian languages had an impact on the Mexican variant of Spanish. During the three hundred years of Spanish colonization, the cultural diversity of the State of Oaxaca was mixed and expanded. Thus, a mixture of Spanish, autochthonous and African groups emerged, which defined
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Markham, Paul, and Lizette Peter. "The Influence of English Language and Spanish Language Captions on Foreign Language Listening/Reading Comprehension." Journal of Educational Technology Systems 31, no. 3 (2003): 331–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/bhuh-420b-fe23-ala0.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using Spanish captions, English captions, or no captions with a Spanish language soundtrack on intermediate university-level Spanish as a Foreign Language students' listening/reading comprehension. A total of 213 intermediate (fourth semester) students participated as intact groups in the study. The passage material consisted of a DVD episode (seven minutes) presenting information concerning preparation for the Apollo 13 NASA space exploration mission. The students viewed only one of three passage treatment conditions: Spanish caption
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Zheng, Huaiwen. "The Spanish Language System from Muti-dimensional Perspectives." Communications in Humanities Research 15, no. 1 (2023): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/15/20230631.

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This paper generally describes the different parts of the language, Spanish from five perspectives. Geographical and human factors are macroscopic and can decide an overall feature of a culture, which can help people have a preliminary understanding of Spanish. The dialect of Spanish is a result of choice of history and survival of the fittest in the long run. It is also a kind of intuitive composition of a language. The identity of a language reflects the origin of it. Some languages that have similar identities to Spanish can also be good examples to help to explore the rules of Spanish lang
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Martín-Laguna, Sofía. "The multilingual turn in pragmatics." Applied Pragmatics 4, no. 1 (2022): 63–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ap.20024.mar.

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Abstract In the Valencian Community in Spain, the coexistence of Spanish and Catalan as co-official languages and English as a foreign language, which is learned as a third language (L3), shapes a unique multilingual setting. This study examined the extent to which multilingual learners’ use of two interpersonal pragmatic markers (PMs), i.e., hedges (e.g., I believe) and attitude markers (e.g., fortunately), is related across languages and whether the relationship changes over time. Participants were 313 Spanish-Catalan bilingual high school learners of L3 English. They wrote three opinion ess
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Rogers, Gayle. "“Spanish Is a Language Tu”: Hemingway's Cubist Spanglish." Novel 48, no. 2 (2015): 224–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00295132-2882649.

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Olson, Kristen, Minshuai Ding, and Amanda Ganshert. "The Effects of Spanish-Language Materials in a Local Area ABS Mixed-Mode Survey on Response Rates and Sample Composition: An Experiment." Survey Practice 19, S1 (2025): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.29115/sp-2024-0019.

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Including respondents who speak languages other than English is crucial for accurately representing the population. Past experiments in the United States have often focused on geographic areas with high concentrations of Spanish-language speakers. The effects of including Spanish-language materials in push-to-web surveys for geographic areas with fewer Spanish-language speakers are underexplored. We conducted an experiment in the 2023 Central Nebraska Labor Availability Survey (American Association for Public Opinion Research [AAPOR] Response Rate 2 [RR2]=15.5%, n=1,422),
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Blumenfeld, Henrike K., Ashley Adams Sanabria, and Ignatius S. B. Nip. "Native Language and Second Language Convergence and Second Language Instruction Shape Speech-Language Performance in Adult Learners." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 65, no. 3 (2022): 970–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-21-00382.

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Purpose: We examined native language (L1) and second language (L2) convergence of underlying skills in adult L2 learners as well as the contribution of instructional L2 level on L2 attainment across speech motor, lexical, and narrative levels. Method: Thirty-four adult Spanish L2 learners who had completed at least 1 year of college Spanish participated in this preliminary study. Learners were tested at the speech motor, lexical, and narrative levels in their L1 (English) and L2 (Spanish). L1–L2 convergence was indexed by associative links between corresponding L1 and L2 skills. In regression
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Beqaj, Alba, and Adriatik Derjaj. "Evaluation on Greek and Balkanic borrowings in Spanish and Albanian, in glotodidactics of Spanish to Albanians." Turkophone 11, no. 2 (2024): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.55246/turkophone.1533892.

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In this study, we aim to highlight the place of Greek borrowings in the Spanish language and in Albanian, concerning Spanish learning as a foreign language among Albanians. After we have given a synchronous view of the current situation of the Spanish language in Albania, we will stop and separate the phenomena and cases of borrowings from ancient Greek, the importance they have for Albanian and the features we encounter during the didactics of the Spanish language. We will highlight the influence of ancient languages, especially Greek, which has influenced the lexical level of the languages i
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Spišiaková, Mária, Nina Mocková, and Natalia Shumeiko. "EXPLORING LANGUAGE INTERFERENCES: SLOVAK LEARNERS OF SPANISH AND THE CHALLENGES IN PAST TENSE USAGE." Advanced Education 11, no. 23 (2023): 14–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.278119.

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Different linguistic classifications of Spanish and Slovak make the differences between these two languages. The genetic criterion classifies languages, clustering them into language families, the largest among which is the Indoeuropean one. The typological criterion divides languages according to their grammatical structures. Meanwhile, Slovak is genetically a Slavonic language, and Spanish is a Romance language. Therefore, they both belong to different language families. Also, according to the typological criterion, Slovak is a synthetic language, and Spanish is an analytic language. Based o
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CONRAD, MARKUS, CARLOS J. ÁLVAREZ, OLIVIA AFONSO, and ARTHUR M. JACOBS. "Sublexical modulation of simultaneous language activation in bilingual visual word recognition: The role of syllabic units." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 18, no. 4 (2014): 696–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728914000443.

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We addressed the question of whether syllabic units of the presented language would activate words containing these syllables in the nonpresented language. In two lexical decision experiments using Spanish and German words presented to two groups of late Spanish–German and German–Spanish bilinguals and to two monolingual control groups, target words’ syllable-frequency in the nonpresented language was manipulated. Inhibitory effects of syllable-frequency in the nonpresented language were found only when Spanish–German bilinguals read German L2 words– suggesting that L2 sublexical syllabic unit
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MARMOLEJO, GLORIA, KRISTEN A. DILIBERTO-MACALUSO, and JEANETTE ALTARRIBA. "False memory in bilinguals: Does switching languages increase false memories?" American Journal of Psychology 122, no. 1 (2009): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27784371.

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Abstract People often receive and recount information in different languages. This experiment examined the impact of switching languages on false recall, recognition, and recognition confidence. We presented Spanish–English bilinguals with 10 lists of words associated to a critical non-presented lure, either in English or in Spanish. Each list was followed by free recall either in English or in Spanish. The final stage was a recognition test in either language. Results showed a higher proportion of veridical and false recall in English, the more dominant language, than in Spanish, the native l
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Aleksandra, I. MAKAROVA, and A. BADASYAN Ritta. "Specifics of business communication in Spanish and ways of its training and development." Service plus 17, no. 2 (2023): 131–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8237939.

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The article discusses the concept of specialized Spanish for business communication. The interest of this topic is due to the great interest of modern researchers in the issues of business English discourse and the study of English for special purposes as part of classes at universities. At the same time, they have not raised the issue of studying business Spanish discourse before, although the popularity of Spanish as a second foreign language is spreading annually. The article highlights the reasons for studying business Spanish, establishes the specifics of business Spanish and its direct d
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