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1
Mattsson, Niklas, and Jonas Brorsson. "Kommer företagen att sparka ut revisorn?" Thesis, Umeå University, Umeå School of Business, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1774.
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<p>Sverige har sedan 1983 haft lagstadgad revisionsplikt för alla aktiebolag. Med anledning av regeringens mål att reducera de administrativa kostnaderna för de svenska företagen tillsattes en utredning om hur revisionsplikten ska avskaffas för de svenska aktiebolagen. Enligt regeringens förslag som presenterades i mars 2008 föreslås en avskaffad revisionsplikt för 96 % av de svenska aktiebolagen.</p><p>Avskaffad revisionsplikt innebär en förändring som berör hela näringslivet. Konsekvenserna av avskaffandet är framförallt av intresse för revisionsbranschen och samhället.</p><p>Efterfrågan av revision förklaras huvudsakligen genom agentteorin om att det sker en separation mellan ägande och företagsledning. Tidigare studier visar även att faktorer som exempelvis krav från kreditgivare, val av revisionsbyrå och förbättrad kvalité på redovisningen påverkar valet av revision.</p><p>Vi har utifrån ett deduktivt angreppssätt genomfört en enkätstudie bland företag i Umeå med 1-49 anställda. Tack vare ekonomiskt stöd från en revisionsbyrå postades enkäten ut till 300 företag fördelade på tre olika urvalskategorier (1-3, 4-9 och 10-49 anställda) och vi erhöll svar från 118 st företag. Syftet med studien vara att få en uppfattning om företagens val av revisions utifrån antagandet om att revisionsplikten är avskaffad samt att förklara de faktorer som har betydelse för företagens val av revision.</p><p>Resultaten av studien visar att 54,2 % av företagen i Umeå kommer att fortsätta med revision förutsatt att plikten är avskaffad. Fördelat på de tre olika urvalskategorierna ökar benägenheten att välja revision med storleken. Av företag med 1-3 anställda kommer 45,2 % välja revision, av företag med 4-9 anställda kommer 62,9 % välja revision och av företag med 10-49 kommer 87,8 % att välja revision.</p><p>De faktorer som förklarar Umeå-företagens val är företagets storlek, skuldsättningsgrad och upplevd förbättrad internkontroll som alla visat positiva signifikanta samband med valet av revision. Även uppfattad kvalité på redovisning och ökad tillförlitlighet gentemot intressenterna är faktorer som är viktiga i valet av revision.</p><p>Vi anser att generaliserbarheten från studien är god eftersom vi erhållit en representativ fördelning av svar från alla kategorier samt att vi viktat svaren efter hur hela populationen ser ut. Detta för att få ett rättvisande resultat på i vilken utsträckning företagen kommer fortsätta med revision.</p><p>Resultaten skall dock sättas i perspektivet av att de bygger på att hypotetiskt val och inte företagens faktiska val. Detta innebär vissa implikationer och det är rimligt att anta att det faktiska utfallet kan förändras eftersom vissa faktorer aktualiseras först när plikten är avskaffad, exempelvis krav från kreditgivare för att erhålla lån.</p>
2
Sawada, Chikako. "Muriel Spark's postmodernism." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1561/.
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This study explores the shifting notions of postmodernism developed through Muriel Spark’s fiction, and thereby clarifies this artist’s own postmodernism. I use Jean-François Lyotard’s definition of the notion in his The Postmodern Condition (1979), that there is no grand narrative, as my starting point, and deploy various postmodernist theories, which can illuminate Spark’s art and can in turn be illuminated by her art, in my arguments. Throughout the thesis, I focus on two of Spark’s most important themes as crucial keys to understanding her postmodernism: the theme of individual subjectivity and the theme of the interplay of life and art. The thesis begins with the claims Spark makes for her individuality and her individual art through the voice of “I”. Chapter I considers issues about being a woman and an artist, which Spark raises around the narrator-heroine of a fictional memoir, A Far Cry from Kensington (1988). Here I present this heroine as a definition of the strength of Sparkian women who liberate themselves by practicing art. Chapter II discusses Loitering with Intent (1981), a fictional autobiography of a fictional woman novelist, alongside Spark’s own autobiography and her various biographical works. This section illustrates Spark’s notion of the “author” in relation to the “work” - and an author in control in her sense - by investigating the dynamic interplay of life and art in the form of this novel. Chapter III analyses The Driver’s Seat (1970), the novel which most shockingly elucidates the postmodern condition according to Spark and demonstrates her postmodernist narrative strategies. Her concern with the crisis of the “subject” in the world in its postmodern phase is observed in the figure of the heroine, a woman who has tried and failed to be an author in control. I argue that Spark here theorises the notion of subject, by providing her own version of the psychoanalytical “death drive” and also represents the Lacanian real as the unfigurable with this figure. Chapter IV and Chapter V follow the developments of Spark’s discussion of the crisis of the “subject” in two of her later novels. Chapter IV concentrates on the theme of Otherness in Symposium (1990). Chapter V discusses Reality and Dreams (1996), in which Spark pursues the theme of excess and opens up the contradictions inherent in this notion to bring about a new philosophy of life by art as excess.
3
Thorén, Elina. "Sparka uppåt : En undersökning om satir i litteraturen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Litteraturvetenskapliga institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-201467.
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Cooper, Margaret Anne. "Population biology of Spartina maritima and Spartina anglica monocultures in estuarine salt marshes." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336180.
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Davies, Dawn. "Mothers of Sparta." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1929.
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Mothers of Sparta is a collection of thirteen personal essays that examine place—knowing one’s place, and finding one’s place in the world. The narrative arc chronicles the narrator’s childhood, young adulthood, marriage and child rearing years, ultimately encompassing the difficulties of raising a child who, due to brain damage, faces an uncertain future.
As the narrator grows older, place shifts from a concrete knowledge of the physical world around her, to learning her place within gendered and regional social constructs, and defining her place through roles such as wife, mother, student and writer.
These essays are diverse in style. Woven throughout is a theme of violence, weighted with visceral language: the violence of accident and death, the violence that occurs in nature and in domestic spaces, and the violence that often goes unnoticed because we live in a violent world.
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Samandari, Farshid. "Sparks of Union." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46483.
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This document delves into the precept of unity in diversity from a musical perspective, in order to replace the timeworn aesthetic norms with ones that may induce a music befitting the fabric of our contemporary global village. It deals with the contemporary musical zeitgeist from this perspective and examines the transformations in musical substance derived from the copious changes in dissemination since the information revolution. It also presents Sparks of Union, a 20-minute composition for ten Western instruments and interactive electronics. This composition aims to focus on different musical languages in search of polarizing and uniting elements, and explores free interactions between the different musical elements. As a result it strives to create new sonorities derived from a fully democratic multicultural interaction.
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Flamigni, Bianca. "Supporto all'Analisi Statistica basata su R in Ambiente Apache Spark." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
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Le ultime tendenze nell’analisi di Big Data indicano il sempre più crescente bisogno di poter effettuare analisi interattiva su questi grandi dataset. Tipicamente si utilizza il linguaggio R per fare analisi avanzata sui dati, ma, a causa di limitazioni di livello tecnico, questo non è in grado di gestire Big Data in modo efficiente. Per tale motivo è stato ideato SparkR, un progetto, basato su Spark, per l’esecuzione distribuita di programmi in R scalabili e adatti a diversi tipi di carichi di lavoro. In questo documento, analizzeremo approfonditamente il progetto SparkR e ne osserveremo le prestazioni, a fronte di diverse applicazioni tipiche dell’analisi di Big Data (algoritmi di clustering e query interattive), in modo da poter identificare possibili limiti o colli di bottiglia e, grazie alla conoscenza acquisita, proporremo delle soluzioni in grado di ottenere buoni miglioramenti prestazionali. Tra queste, un componente che, sfruttando lo storico delle applicazioni lanciate, è capace di configurare in automatico alcune proprietà interne a Spark ed ottenere di conseguenza una riduzione nei tempi di esecuzione degli applicativi in R. Forniremo i risultati che dimostrano come grazie alla nostra proposta sia possibile ottenere un miglioramento del 18% rispetto alla configurazione di default di Spark. Infine, proporremo l’implementazione di un supporto efficiente e ben scalabile ad un algoritmo di clustering gerarchico, Bisecting K-means, e dimostreremo, tramite un’attenta valutazione delle prestazioni, come rappresenti un buon compromesso per garantire l’utilizzo di una tecnica così diffusa, come quella del clustering gerarchico, in un ambiente distribuito, nonostante algoritmi di questo genere siano noti per non essere particolarmente compatibili con un modello di programmazione tale.
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Hammond, Mark E. R. "The experimental control of Spartina anglica and Spartina x Townsendii in estuarine salt marsh." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268617.
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Edwards, T. L. "The molecular cell biology of spartin." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598783.
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This thesis has focused on the protein spartin, which is mutated in a form of autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) called Troyer syndrome. Upon commencement of this project little was known about the likely mechanism of axonopathy in spartin HSP, indeed there was considerable disagreement in the literature as to its precise subcellular localisation. However, a putative role for spartin in endocytosis was proposed due to sequence homology identified with several proteins known to function in this area. This suggested that spartin belonged to an enlarging group of HSP proteins with membrane traffic and transport-related roles. This thesis had three primary aims: to clarify the subcellular localisation of endogenous spartin, to identify proteins that interacted with spartin, and to investigate a possible functional role(s) for spartin. Spartin was found to localise predominantly in the cytoplasm, with a cystosolic pool that was recruited to endosomes. Additionally, a proportion of spartin was found in mitochondria. Furthermore, spartin was shown to undergo multiple monoubiquitination and to interact with ubiquitin, two ankyrin repeat domain-13 family members, and also with the E3 ubiquitin ligase AIP4. Functional assays suggest that spartin is an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor degradation, and negatively regulates bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling. A putative role in BMP signalling is interesting because this pathway is emerging as an important regulator of distal axonal morphology and function, and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of another endosomal HSP protein, NIPA1. This suggests that altered BMP signalling may be a key pathological component of spartin HSP.
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Jacinto, do Nascimento Junior Agrinaldo. "Modelo sparkle: novas estratégias de parametrização." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/8664.
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Previous issue date: 2009<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de investigar a validade de cálculos ab initio ou
obtidos pelo modelo Sparkle para compostos de coordenação considerados como
espécies isoladas, embora possuam contra-íons e/ou outras moléculas em sua célula
unitária. Para isto, estudamos o complexo hexaaquamagnésio, [Mg(H2O)6]+2, presente
em 45 compostos diferentes. Com a finalidade de avaliar o quanto os contra-íons e/ou
outras moléculas influenciam estes complexos, optamos por exprimir suas geometrias
em coordenadas polares, colocando a origem no próprio íon magnésio. Mostramos
através de testes estatísticos que os contra-íons e/ou outras moléculas que, no seu
conjunto, produzem perturbações na geometria do complexo de forma pseudo-aleatória.
Entretanto, os desvios médios absolutos das distâncias na geometria do complexo
provocados pelos contra-íons e/ou outra moléculas (0.01Å), ficaram uma ordem de
grandeza abaixo do erro médio normalmente observado para o modelo Sparkle/AM1
dos lantanídeos (0.2Å). Este resultado (0.01Å) dá validade ao cálculo de complexos
metálicos como espécies isoladas sem a inclusão explícita de contra-íons e/ou outras
moléculas, ou até mesmo da rede cristalina, tanto pelo modelo Sparkle, quanto por
cálculos ab-initio. Este resultado mostra ainda que o modelo Sparkle pode ser
melhorado para obter geometrias pelo menos uma ordem de grandeza mais exatas do
que as conseguidas atualmente antes de a inclusão de contra-íons ou moléculas ter que
ser feita de forma explícita. O resultado mostra ainda que cálculos ab initio de
complexos isolados, por melhores que sejam, não poderão apresentar erros médios
absolutos para as distâncias inferiores a 0.01Å, quando comparados a estruturas
cristalográficas, sem a inclusão explícita de contra-íons e/ou moléculas, ou até mesmo
do efeito do cristal como um todo. Ainda calculamos para o conjunto de estruturas
cristalográficas dos complexos estudados, os desvios médios para as coordenadas
latitudinal e longitudinal obtendo, respectivamente, os valores de 2.08º e 2.34º.
Assim sendo, tendo em vista que há espaço para melhorar a exatidão do modelo
Sparkle, apresentamos duas novas ferramentas para o processo de parametrização. A
primeira é uma nova função resposta, que chamamos planetário, que avalia as variáveis
radiais, latitudinais e longitudinais de um poliedro de coordenação, de forma ajustada e
equilibrada a partir dos desvios padrões encontrados a partir dos parâmetros das
distribuições que mostramos que podem ser seguidas pelos dados: para a variável radial, a distribuição gama; para a variável latitudinal, a distribuição beta; e para a variável
longitudinal, a distribuição de von Mises. A segunda ferramenta é um novo critério para
estabelecer o ponto inicial a ser utilizado na parametrização, baseado na observação
direta do gráfico da energia de repulsão caroço-caroço em função das distâncias Metal-
L, onde L é um átomo coordenante.
Também utilizamos a nova função resposta para avaliar a exatidão da geometria
predita por cálculos ab initio para o mesmo complexo e por vários modelos. Assim
sendo, otimizamos a geometria do hexaaquamagnésio isolado utilizando os métodos
HF, B3LYP e MP2(Full) combinados às bases STO-3G, 3-21G, 6-31G, 6-31G*, 6-
31+G e 6-31++G. A função resposta se mostrou de fato equilibrada para avaliar as
geometrias do hexaaquamagnésio obtidas a partir destes modelos, sendo que a parcela
radial mostrou ser a que mais variou e a mais difícil de ser predita. Destes modelos ab
initio, o que apresentou o melhor resultado foi o MP2/3-21G.
O novo critério de escolha do ponto inicial de parametrização, também mostrouse
eficiente. De fato, o ponto de partida assim escolhido para os parâmetros do modelo
Sparkle no RM1 para complexos do íon magnésio, sem qualquer otimização, já levou a
erros médios absolutos para as ligações deste íon com átomos coordenantes oxigênio e
nitrogênio (que estão presentes em mais de 80% dos complexos de magnésio do banco
de dados CSD) menores que os apresentados pelo método PM3 e aproximadamente
equivalentes aos apresentados pelo AM1 e PM6. Isto indica que, com a otimização
subseqüente, pode-se esperar um significante aumento na exatidão do modelo Sparkle
para o magnésio no âmbito do RM1. Este critério de escolha do ponto inicial de
parametrização, revelou-se, assim, ser bastante eficaz
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Oliveira, Freire Ricardo. "Modelo Sparkle: novas estratégias de parametrização." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2007. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/9668.
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Previous issue date: 2007<br>Desde a sua concepção em 1994, o modelo Sparkle vinha sendo utilizado apenas para o cálculo
das geometrias do estado fundamental de complexos de Eu(III). Nesta tese, apresentamos os modelos
Sparkle/AM1 e Sparkle/PM3 que podem ser considerados um novo paradigma para o cálculo
químico quântico de complexos de lantanídeos, uma vez que as parametrizações de ambos os
modelos, para todos os íons lantanídeos trivalentes, foram realizadas de uma maneira muito mais
robusta, com o propósito de gerar modelos capazes de gerar resultados muito mais exatos.
No processo de parametrização destes modelos, dois aspectos são de fundamental importância:
(i) a escolha de um conjunto de treinamento capaz de representar bem o nosso universo de 670
estruturas de complexos de lantanídeos e (ii) a escolha de uma função resposta capaz de possibilitar a
reprodução satisfatória das propriedades de interesse, que no nosso caso foram comprimentos e
ângulos de ligação envolvendo o íon metálico.
Durante o procedimento de parametrização do modelo Sparkle/AM1 para o íon Eu(III), o
primeiro dos lantanídeos a ser parametrizado, inúmeros testes foram realizados e cada termo da
função resposta foi exaustivamente analisado até que conseguíssemos encontrar um conjunto de
parâmetros que tornasse o nosso método realmente robusto. Com o mesmo procedimento utilizado
na obtenção dos parâmetros do íon Eu(III), nós parametrizamos os modelos Sparkle/AM1 e
Sparkle/PM3 para todos os outros ions lantanídeos trivalentes.
A análise dos resultados mostrou que ambos os modelos Sparkle/AM1 e Sparkle/PM3
apresentaram erros médios absolutos igual a 0,07 Å para o cálculo das distâncias lantanídeo átomo
ligante, que são as distâncias utilizadas nos estudos de campo ligante e no cálculo de propriedades
luminescentes de tais complexos.
Também investigamos a capacidade de predição do poliedro de coordenação de complexos de
lantanídeos usando metodologias ab initio/ECP. Nossos resultados indicam que, ao contrário do que
seria de esperar, a metodologia RHF/STO-3G/ECP aparece como sendo a mais eficiente em
reproduzir o poliedro de coordenação de estruturas cristalográficas de complexos de lantanídeos.
Alem disso, o aumento do nível de correlação (RHF, B3LYP, MP2-full) e/ou o aumento da função
de base geralmente piora a exatidão da geometria do poliedro de coordenação de complexos de
lantanídeos. Também observamos que os modelos Sparkle/AM1 e Sparkle/PM3 apresentam exatidão
no cálculo do poliedro de coordenação desses complexos igual ou superior à apresentada pela
metodologia ab initio que levou aos melhores resultados. No entanto, vale ressaltar que os modelos
Sparkle são centenas de vezes mais rápidos em termos computacionais
12
Cox-Richard, Lillian. "Spark Gap." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/698.
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"Spark Gap" is an invisible electrical force made visible in spaces between things. This usually describes the space of air between two conductors; a non-conductive gap in an otherwise complete electric circuit, across which a quick luminous disruptive electrical discharge occurs. This interstitial space is the distance between two ideas, arced with a running leap. The arc can also be the difference between two things, a gap that becomes apparent only when the two are held in close proximity. In my thesis exhibition, "Spark Gap," a sea urchin shaped orb sits atop a tower of ladders. The orb is broken into five sections and reassembled, each fault line occurring along the perfect zigzag line of its cellular structure. On the floor, there is a linen shag rug, marked as if struck by lightning. This exhibition is named for an interstitial charge, arcing across distance or difference. But this charge is also found in intersections and similarities. Imagine the friction created by rubbing together the circles of a Venn diagram: the overlapping section would begin to spark. It is in these gaps and overlaps that I find the impetus for my work.
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Rato, João André da Silva Matias Pereira. "Variação temporal da atividade enzimática associada aos microrganismos presentes no rizosedimento da Spartina maritima e Spartina versicolor." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/13200.
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Os sapais são ecossistemas dinâmicos e contribuem para a defesa da linha costeira e conservação da biodiversidade.
As plantas libertam exsudados na rizosfera que influenciam fortemente as comunidades de microrganismos e consequentemente a libertação de enzimas extracelulares. Estas enzimas estão envolvidas na decomposição de resíduos orgânicos e no ciclo de nutriente do solo sendo um indicador da atividade microbiana, nomeadamente da sua composição e abundância. Este estudo teve como principal objetivo a análise da atividade enzimática no rizosedimento de duas espécies de sapal, S. maritima e S. versicolor no estuário do Tejo durante 4 períodos temporais: Novembro 2012, Fevereiro 2013, Maio 2013 e Fevereiro 2014. Os resultados mostraram diferenças na atividade das enzimas fenol oxidase, β-glucosidase, fosfatase alcalina, quitobiase, sulfatase, desidrogenase (p-value < 0,05) entre espécies e entre períodos de amostragem. O pH, salinidade, matéria orgânica e humidade influenciam a atividade enzimática e os exsudados influenciam a atividade enzimática, tendo-se verificado uma separação das duas espécies; ABSTRACT: “Temporal variation of enzymatic activity associated with the microorganisms living in the Spartina maritima and Spartina versicolor rizosediment”
Saltmarshes are dynamic ecosystems and contribute to defence of the coastline and biodiversity conservation.
Plants release exudates that have a strong influence on the microorganisms communities present on the rhizosphere and consequently in the release of extracellular enzymes. This enzymes are involved in organic residues decomposition and nutrient cycle of the soil, being a good indicator of microbial activity, composition and abundance. The main goal of this study was the analysis of enzymatic activity of the rizosediment of two saltmarsh plant species, S. maritima and S. versicolor on Tagus estuary in four temporal periods: November 2012, February 2013, May 2013 and February 2014. The results show significant differences in phenol oxidase, β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, quitobiase, sulfatase, dehydrogenase, protease and urease enzymatic activity (p-value < 0.05) between species and between sampling periods. The environmental factors such pH, salinity, organic matter and humidity also influence the enzymatic activity and exudates leading to separation by specie.
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Feist, Blake E. "A spatio-temporal analysis of the environmental and climatic factors controlling the expansion of Spartina alterniflora in Willapa Bay, Washington /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5297.
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Olsson, Martin. "”Sparka ut fanskapet!” : En retorisk analys av maskulinitetskonstruktioner i frågespalten ”Manspanelen”." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för retorik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295062.
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Uppsatsen analyserar maskulinitetskonstruktioner i frågespalten ”Manspanelen”. I denna Expressens frågespalt svarar en rad kända män på frågor om relationer och uppsatsens syfte är att identifiera och undersöka hur maskuliniteter och maskulinitetsideal konstrueras i panelens texter, och förhålla detta till författarnas ethos.
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Jůzová, Michaela. "Marketingová komunikace AC Sparta Praha." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-5228.
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This work deals with marketing communication of famous football club AC Sparta Praha, playing the first football league in the Czech Republic. You can find 4 ways of communication: to fans, to media, to business partners and employees (players, management, ...). The biggest part of this work is dedicated to communication to fans. There are some results and proposals for more effective communication strategy at the end.
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Čermák, Jan. "Finanční analýza AC Sparta Praha." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72261.
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This diploma work deals with problems of financial analysis which is an important and indispensable instrument for managing of modern company. For this company was chosen AC Sparta Praha fotbal, a.s. In theoretical part of this bachelor work, there are determined and described basic importace of financial analysis, users of financial analysis, information sources for financial analysis, needs and techniques and methods of financial analysis. It also consists of description of corporate environment, which is very specific in this case.Practical part takes use of these theoretical knowledge to realize financial analysis of AC Sparta Praha fotbal, a.s., whereas the main importace was put on processing of analysis of chosen ratio indicators, cost and revenue analysis and the SWOT analysis. Conclusion contains results evaluation from practical part and suggestions and recommendation for financial recovery.
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Monastyrsky, G. E., P. Ochin, A. V. Gilchuk, and V. I. Kolomytsev. "Spark plasma sintering the spark-erosion powders of functional alloys." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20798.
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Various shape memory alloys (Ti-Ni-Hf, Ni-Al and Cu-Al-Ni) were elaborated by
spark plasma sintering method from the micron, submicron and nano- sized particles
prepared by spark-erosion method in cryogenic liquid from preliminary melted master
alloys. These alloys are being developed as one of the alternatives for the intermediate
temperature applications (100-900oC). Spark plasma sintering method is express
method, which provides lower temperature and shorter holding time of sintering. It
makes possible to sinter materials from the pre-alloyed powders and eliminate the
intensive grains growth and precipitating processes influencing the mechanical and
functional properties of functional materials. The effects of processing parameters on the
martensitic transformation and microstructure of the sintered compacts were
investigated using XRD and SEM study. Temperatures of sintering were chosen
according to the assessed data of the decomposition, oxidation and others processes
carrying out in material. Although the precipitating processes were usually not
completely depressed, the intensive grain growth was also not found in most cases. Most
of the microstructure peculiarities of as processed powder were inherited by the sintered
material.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/20798
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Kvietkauskas, Gediminas. "Paskirstytų skaičiavimų įtaka fizikos uždavinių sprendimų spartai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130826_104113-32443.
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Iš programuotojo perspektyvos, riba tarp aparatūrinės ir programinės įrangos sparčiai mažėja. Kol programuotojai stengiasi pasiekti reikalaujamą spartą šiuolaikinėms sistemoms, jiems teks išnaudoti alternatyvius skaičiavimų elementus, tokius kaip vaizdo plokštes. Šiame darbe apžvelgiama esama lygiagrečių skaičiavimų naudojant vaizdo plokštes situacija. Apžvelgiamas fizikos simuliacijos skaičiavimo uždavinių sprendimas panaudojant vaizdo plokštes kaip skaičiavimo vienetus. Analizuojant esamus produktus ir pritaikant technologijas paskirstytiems skaičiavimams naudojant OpenCL atliekami eksperimentai. Šie eksperimentai parodys teigiamas ir neigiamas, paskirstytų skaičiavimų fizikos uždaviniams spręsti, puses.<br>The line between hardware and software is shrinking. While programmers and developers desperately try to reach the required performance for applications that require huge computations, they will be forced to use multiprocessing. Not only using a CPU as a main computation unit, but other resources like GPU. In these theses we will review the current situation in multiprocessing using GPU‘s. An investigation of computation of physics will be carried out. While analyzing current products and applying technologies for GPU computation using OpenCL we will execute appropriate experiments. These experiments will show the up and down sides of GPU computing for specific physics tasks.
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King, Donald V. "(Frame) /-bridge-\ !bang! ((spill)) *sparkle* (mapping Mogadore) /." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1216759724.
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Thesis (M.F.A.)--Kent State University, 2008.<br>Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Oct. 19, 2009). Advisor: Paul O'Keeffe. Keywords: Sculpture, Installation Art, Video Art. Includes bibliographical references (p. 25).
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Milicic, Drazen, and Pontus Svensson. "Sparks to a living quality organization." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik och datavetenskap, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2731.
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Lang, Judy Brenda. "The growth characteristics of sparid otoliths." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005129.
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The periodicity of formation of growth increments in the otoliths of South African sparids was validated by the oxytetracycline labelling technique. Intramuscular injections of oxytetracycline at a dosage of 250mg/kg marked the otoliths of laboratory held juvenile sparids, while a dosage range of 50 - 100mg/kg oxytetracycline, injected intramuscularly, marked adult sparids in the field. Laboratory held, larval sparid otoliths were marked by immersion for 24hrs a solution of 100-150mg/l alizarin complexone. Both daily (microstructural) and annual (macrostructural) growth increments were identified in the otoliths. The micro incremental pattern of deposition in the sparid otoliths conformed to the general pattern of otolith structure. Sparid otoliths consisted of a central opaque nucleus composed of multiple primordia. surrounding this nucleus were daily increments which decreased in width as the distance from the nucleus increased. Both check rings and subdaily increments were visible throughout the otolith. Minor environmental changes did not affect micro incremental deposition. Narrow opaque and wide hyaline annual growth zones were identified in sectioned sparid otoliths. Scanning electron microscope analysis of the annual growth zones revealed that microincrements within the opaque zone were narrowly spaced with prominent discontinuous phases. This resulted in the greater optical density and higher protein content of the zone. The hyaline zone was composed of widely spaced daily increments with prominent incremental phases accounting for the translucent nature of this zone. Opaque zone formation in the otoliths of many South African sparids was found to occur primarily during periods of reproductive activity and was shown to be indicative of slow otolith growth. The hyaline zone was formed after the spawning season, representative of fast otolith growth. The results of this study have resolved much of the controversy surrounding the rate of growth and time of formation of the opaque and hyaline growth zones in South African sparid otoliths.
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Šidagis, Darius. "Chlorelės poveikis paršavedžių produktyvumui ir paršelių augimo spartai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060321_082730-20576.
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Purpose of the study: to assess chlorella impact on productivity of sows and on speed of piglets’ growth.
This research of master degree was accomplished in 2004-2006 in Animal Nutrition Department of Lithuanian Veterinary Academy, in feed research laboratories of Agrochemical Investigations Centre of Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture and joint stock company AB “Kauno Grūdai“ and in breeding-ground of farmer G. Charitonovas (Žadeikonių village, Pasvalio region) with the swine of the Swedish Yorkshire breed of the first group. Research revealed that: 1. during suckling period mass reduction in sows, that were given a suspension of chorella during pregnancy period, was lower by 14.5% compared to the control group containing sows that were fed by combined feeds only (p<0.05); 2. prolificacy of the test group sows was by 10.0% higher (p>0.05), piglets produced by them were 9.6% heavier (p<0.05) and families of born piglets where less varied when compared to the control group; 3. sows of the test group that were given a suspension of chorella were by 10.98 kg or 22.4% milkier when compared to the sows of control group (p<0.05); 4. chorella had a positive impact on change of piglets mass: piglets at birth were by 9.6%, on the 21st day of life – by 8.4%, on the 35th day of life, i.e. at the wean off – by 7.6% heavier when compared to the piglets of control group (p<0.05); 5. in the test group retention of piglets was as follows: on the 10th day of life – by 2.2%, on the 21st day... [to full text]
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Urbonas, Remigijus. "Kombinuoto startinio pašaro „Milaflo“ įtaka veršelių auginimo spartai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060327_123153-40982.
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Health and productivity of grown-up animals highly depends on technology of breeding of calf’s. It‘s very important, that calf’s aged 3-4 months shouldn‘t fix diseases of digestive and airways systems. The main aim of this work was to determine influence of composite start feed „Milaflo“ to the intensity of breeding, development of internal organs and wellness of calf’s. Summing-up the result conclusions are provided as follows: organism of heifers develops faster, when during the period of feeding with milk combined start feed was used; composite start feed „Milaflo“ meets all zootechnical requirements and grants intensive growth of calf’s during feeding with natural milk and other crops without any negative reaction to wellness of calf’s; during test period in ŽŪB „ Pauliukai“, daily gain of calf’s which were feeded with „Milaflo“ contained 778,3 g/ per day, while ones feeded with standard composite feed - 713,9 g; during test period in Center of Practical Education of LVA daily gain of control group calf’s contained 708,9 g, heifers, which were feeded with additive „Milaflo“ and powder of conditioned milk – 752,2 g, heifers which were feeded with additive „Milaflo“ and natural milk – 966,7 g; use of composite start feed „Milaflo“ has no negative reaction to morphological composition of blood; highest efficiency of composite start feed concerning the development of great prestomach was noted during week 3 - 4.
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Bailey, James. "'A certain detachment' : Muriel Spark's experiments with form." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22516/.
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Davis, Heather Graham. "The ecology of an invasive grass, Spartina alterniflora /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Epps, Susan Bramlette. "Sparking Learning with Labs in Non-Science Courses." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5819.
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In their book, Teaching Naked Techniques, Jose Bowen and C. Edward Watson suggest that “just calling your classroom a lab or studio will signal that you want your students to be more collaborative, self-directed, self-motivated, and intellectually ambitious.” So labs aren’t just for science courses! Join in the discussion on how you could incorporate a lab component to your classes in order to encourage and improve student engagement.
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SANZONE, Francesco. "MONITORAGGIO DEI PROCESSI EROSIVI NELL’AREA SPERIMENTALE DI SPARACIA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/90893.
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Kim, Kwanghoon. "Infrared luminescence from spark-processed silicon and erbium-doped spark-processed silicon." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0012860.
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Carell, Björn. "Sparka uppåt, slicka neråt! : En analys av Nigel Farages politiska strategi i Europaparlamentet." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Litteraturvetenskapliga institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-193546.
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Walls, Kate. "Muriel Spark and Catholicism." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. https://pure.qub.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/muriel-spark-and-catholicism(2d16b200-588b-4866-a1d6-dea6396b68cb).html.
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My PhD thesis analyses Catholic themes in the novel,s of Scottish born writer Muriel Spark. Spark's career spanned five decades, and much of her work was influenced by her conversion to Catholicism. She is a sophisticated and enigmatic writer whose work defies categorisation. Part of this difficulty stems from her position as "other" within Catholicism· -a result of her conversion and her refusal to adhere to traditional Catholic gender roles. What does become clear upon examining Spark's fiction is that she uses subversive and paradoxical rhetoric to highlight the problems inherent in being unable to fully comprehend God's mystery. Spark appears to be obsessed with several religious concepts that appear constantly in her fiction. In the case of the Catholic convert and the Book of Job, these threads appear repeatedly and build to a climax-once Spark comprehensively addresses them in her fiction, the threads disappears from her work entirely. In exploring these Catholic themes, it becomes clear that, despite Spark's work being abundant with references to religion, there is very little narrative space devoted to the character's internal thoughts regarding God and religious thought. I argue that in Spark's fiction, creativity is a proxy for religious faith. Spark draws parallels to the personal and individual nature of both, but devotes more narrative space to explaining a sense of faith in the creative process. She also appears to grant narrative endorsement to characters who believe in and ate guided by their creativity, even when they clearly traverse the boundaries of acceptable "moral" behaviour.
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Mahajan, Rohan. "Adaptive scheduling in Spark." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105977.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2016.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (page 33).<br>Because most data processing systems are distributed in nature, data must be transferred between machines. Currently, Spark, a prominent such system, predetermines the strategies for shuffling this data, but in certain situations, different shuffle strategies would improve performance. We add functionality to track metrics about the data during the job and appropriately adapt the shuffle strategy. We show improvements in ShuffledRDD performance, joins using Spark's RDD interface, and joins in Spark SQL.<br>by Rohan Mahajan.<br>M. Eng.
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Ferreira, Jonathan Américo Nascimento. "Conectividade insular: um estudo da presença de Spartina alterniflora nas Ilhas de Cananéia e Comprida." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8135/tde-16112010-140755/.
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Os manguezais do Sistema Lagunar Cananéia-Iguape, no extremo sul do litoral do estado de São Paulo, possuem, em suas franjas mais externas, a presença da gramínea Spartina alterniflora, que exerce papel fundamental na fixação de sedimentos que poderão se tornar áreas de propagação do mangue. Pioneiras na região alagada do mangue, a Spartina segura e prepara o substrato para as plântulas de espécies de mangue se instaurarem. O mapeamento da Spartina alterniflora nas Ilhas de Cananéia e Comprida, onde estas ilhas margeiam o mesmo canal lagunar, possibilitou identificar as áreas propensas ao seu crescimento. Os pontos de baixa energia do fluxo de água do canal mostraram-se favoráveis ao surgimento de bancos de Spartina. A troca contínua de sedimentos e nutrientes existentes em um ambiente lagunar rico em manguezais, associada à grande capacidade de captação e fixação da Spartina, resultou em um estudo de conectividade entre duas ilhas.<br>The Cananéi-Iguape lagoon system, in the south shore of São Paulo state, has the presence of the cordgrass Spartina alterniflora on the outer side of the mangroves. The cordgrass has a fundamental role in the fixation of sediments which will be the mangrove\'s propagation areas. Pioneers in the mangrove wetlands, Spartina holds and prepare the substrate for the mangrove seedling establishment. Mapping the presence of Spartina alterniflora in the islands Ilha de Cananéia and Ilha Comprida, allowed to identify the prone areas for its growth. The points of low energy in the river were more favorable to create banks of Spartina. The continuous exchange of sediments and nutrients which exists in a mangrove lagoon system, associated with the great ability of Spartina to capture and establishment, resulted in a study of connectivity between two islands.
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Wesenbeeck, Bregje Karien van. "Thresholds and shifts : consequences of habitat modification in salt-marsh pioneer zones /." PURL, 2007. http://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/433191982.pdf.
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Häusner, Eva-Maria. "Att spara eller inte spara? : En kvantitativ enkätstudie av informationslagringssystem för vetenskapliga artiklar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-174967.
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Abstract Purpose This thesis aims to focus on how master students administer scholarly articles after they have found them. The purpose of the study is to detect how and to what extent people administer their articles from a personal information management-perspective (PIM). Method To answer the research questions, a web-based questionnaire survey was distributed which was announced to around 2,000 master students from different universities in Sweden. Most of the items in the survey focused on individual storage methods. The respondents were asked to rate the frequency of their different information administration behaviors on a seven level Likert-type-scale. Subsequently, items concerning specific information administration behaviors were posed, followed by questions on the respondent's sociodemographic status. The results were based on overall 316 answers. Analysis The quantitative data was analyzed using non-parametric tests such as Friedmans-test, Kruskal-Wallis-analysis, Wilcoxon-Signed Rank-test, Mann-Whitney-U-test and Chi-square-test with the statistical computer program SPSS. Findings The findings generally confirm that the majority of the surveyed graduate students are using scholarly articles. Regarding their information management, it is as usual to store the whole article as it is to store the reference. Further it is more common to choose electronic storage methods for articles and references than to use physical methods. The results highlight that most of the students use several method types and use them to varying extent. Neither age, computer skills, duration of study or satisfaction with their way of information storage influenced the quantity of used methods. Regarding specific handling, the storing of article copies on the computer’s hard drive were most frequently used. The respondents preferred furthermore to read the articles on a screen rather than printed paper versions. The influencing factors of gender, age, computer skills, subject discipline were affecting the choice of methods. General conclusions about these influencing factors are, however, complicated by possible occurring confounders. Moreover, the method types were used to different extents depending of subject discipline. Originality/value Most previous PIM research is concentrating on how people store information in general. The dealing and administrating with specific types of information are, however, rarely discussed. In the context of scholarly articles did research predominantly focus on seeking structures and reading patterns. The step between finding and reading an article has so far not directly been addressed in academic research. The study therefore is unique in addressing information storage systems of scholarly articles on such a large scale. Knowledge about storage patterns will help journal publishers and librarians to design more targeted solutions for journal systems and improve services like courses in information seeking. Paper type Two years master’s thesis
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Chelaifa, Houda. "Spéciation allopolyploïde et dynamique fonctionnelle du génome chez les Spartines." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00536586.
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La spéciation est un mécanisme central de la diversification biologique. Ce travail vise à analyser l'évolution transcriptomique accompagnant la spéciation chez les spartines (Poaceae) qui jouent un rôle important dans la dynamique sédimentaire des marais salés. Ce genre est caractérisé par différents types de spéciation divergente et réticulée au niveau polyploïde. L'évolution du transcriptome par différentes analyses de polymorphisme et par microarrays a été analysée chez deux espèces soeurs hexaploïdes S. maritima (en régression en Europe) et S. alterniflora (envahissante). Malgré une faible divergence nucléotidique, ces deux espèces montrent des différences d'expression importantes. Les conséquences de l'hybridation et de la duplication du génome ont été examinées chez deux hybrides F1 (S. x neyrautii et S. x townsendii) formés récemment et indépendamment à partir des mêmes parents, et chez l'allopolyploïde envahissant S. anglica. Nos résultats ont montré les effets importants, mais différents de l'hybridation et de la duplication du génome sur le transcriptome. Cet effet se manifeste par une dominance d'expression maternelle (chez les hybrides F1) qui s'atténue chez l'allopolyploïde. Ce dernier se distingue par une surexpression de la majorité des gènes. Les régions flanquant les éléments transposables Ins2, Wis-like, Cassandra apparaissent également affectées par cette dynamique. Les deux événements d'hybridation ont engendré des réponses différentes, en accord avec la morphologie très différente des hybrides. Les catégories de gènes différentiellement exprimées entre les espèces sont discutées dans le contexte des différences phénotypiques et écologiques de ces espèces.
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Murray, G. N. "Sparta en Athene : 'n studie in altérité /." Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/372.
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Murray, G. N. "Sparta en Athene: ’n studie in altérité." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1799.
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Thesis (MPhil (Ancient Studies)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.<br>The main purpose of this study is to investigate and describe the differences
between the fifth-century city states of Athens and Sparta. The approach I use
is that of altérité (“otherness”). I look in particular at four of the most
important social phenomena: women, slaves, the army and the political
structures. In these respects there are extensive differences between the two
city states: Athens acquired its slaves through buying them or as spoils of war
over time and on an individual basis; Sparta conquered and enslaved a whole
nation, the Messenians, early on to serve permanently as their slaves.
Athenian women enjoyed no social or legal freedom or rights; Spartan women
enjoyed all these rights and could own and inherit property and goods. In
Athens, since the time of Themistocles the fleet was regarded as much more
important than the infantry; Sparta had very early on developed a professional
infantry which was regarded as the best right through the Greek-speaking
world. Athens started changing its constitution at a relatively late stage, but
once started, continued to work on it until they attained an early form of
democracy; Sparta never developed beyond the monarchical stage, but did
adapt it to suit their needs.
The second purpose of this study is to discover and attempt to explain why the
above-mentioned differences are so great. The point here is not so much that
Athens was the model city state which everybody tried to emulate, but rather
that Sparta was the city state which was significantly different from any of the
others.
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Riedel, Henrik G. A. H. "The spirit of Sparta conquers the skies." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53686.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The emergence of low cost airlines (LCAs) has attracted attention from
passengers, competitors, the public, and researchers alike. It seems prodigious that
LCAs prosper in today's time of economic downturn and are therefore able to counter
the industry's trend. lATA's member airlines have accumulated losses of $31 billion
since the beginning of the new millennium. Furthermore, industry icons such as
American Airlines and British Airways are fighting for survival while some, namely Air
Canada, are on the edge of bankruptcy: a fate which others, like Sabena, have not
been able to escape.
However, the low cost business model has triumphantly entered the aviation
market since the deregulation of the markets in the U.S. in 1978. Low cost airlines
like Southwest Airlines and Ryanair not only achieve double-digit profit margins, but
also have the highest market capitalisation of the industry. This thesis examines the
reason for the success of LCAs in the U.S. and EU. LCAs operate with a much lower
cost base than most carriers, especially the major hut-and-spoke (H&S) airlines. The
low cost business model aims at increasing both aircraft and staff productivity. It also
simplifies the sequence of operations workflow and pricing structure. The thesis gives
special consideration to the cost structure of LCAs. The advantages of LCAs lie
within the areas such as labour, seat density, and distribution.
The second objective of this thesis is to evaluate the development of LCAs
and consider the implications for the European transport industry. Whereas American
LCAs have operated for more than twenty-five years, the boom of their European
counterparts did not commence until the end of the 1990s. Ryanair and easyJet have
growth rates of more than thirty percent. The author agrees with the expectations of
aviation experts that LCAs will grow until they serve approximately a quarter of the
market; hence, the business model of low cost is sustainable. However, only three to
four low cost airlines will survive the fierce competition in Europe.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die dringendheid van lae koste lugrederye (LKL'e) het die aandag getrek van
passasiers, mededingers, die publiek en navorsers. Dit is vreemd dat LKL'e floreer in
die huidige ekonomiese afswaai en gevolglik die tendens van die industrie teenwerk.
Lugrederye, wat lid is van "lATA" , het sedert die begin van die eeu verliese gelei van
31 biljoen dollar. Daar teenoor is industriele ikone soos die Amerikaanse en Britse
lugdienste (American Airlines and British Airways) besig om te veg vir oorlewing,
terwyl ander soos die Kanadese lugdiens (Air Canada) op die grens van bankrotskap
is: 'n ramp wat sommige soos Sabena nie kon vryspring nie.
Sedert die deregulering van die lugvaart in die VSA in 1978 het die lae koste
besigheidsmodel egter die mark triomfanlik betree. Lae koste lugrederye soos SuidWes
lugdiens en Ryanair ervaar nie alleen dubbel-syfer wins-marges nie, maar het
ook die hoogste mark-kapitalisasie in die industrie. Hierdie verhandeling ondersoek
die redes vir die sukses van LKL'e in die V.SA en E.U. LKL'e werk teen 'n baie laer
koste basis as die meeste vervoerders, veral die belangrikste "hub-and-spoke"
lugrederye. Die doel van die lae koste besigheidsmodel is om beide die vliegtuie en
die personeel se produktiwiteit te verhoog. Dit vereenvoudig ook die volgorde van
prosedures, werkvloei en prysstruktuur. Hierdie verhandeling gee spesiale aandag
aan die kostestruktuur van LKL'e. Die voordele van LKL'e lê op die gebied van
arbeid, sitplekplasing en verspreiding.
Die tweede doel van hierdie verhandeling is om die ontwikkeling van LKL'e te
evalueer en te kyk na die invloed op die Europese vervoer-industrie. Die
Amerikaanse LKL'e word reeds vir meer as vyf-en-twintig jaar bedryf terwyl hulle
Europese eweknie nie 'n opswaai voor die einde van die 1990's ervaar het nie.
Ryanair en easy Jet het 'n groei getoon van meer as 30%. Die argument is dat
volgens lugvaartkundiges die LKL'e sal groei totdat dit ongeveer 'n kwart van die
mark bedien; daarom sal die lae koste model die beste oorleef. Nogtans sal slegs
drie of vier van die lae koste lugrederye egter die hewige kompetisie in Europa
oorleef.
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Hadley, Travis Stuart. "Thucydides’ Sparta: Law, Piety, and the Regime." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699880/.
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My dissertation investigates Thucydides’ presentation of Sparta. By viewing the war through Sparta, one is confronted with debates on the moral dimensions of war. Sparta decries the imperialism of Athens as unjust and while the Athenians imply that such claims are merely Spartan ‘hypocrisy’ and therefore that Sparta does not truly take justice seriously, my study contends that the Spartan concern with justice and piety is genuine. While the Athenians present a sophisticated and enlightened view of what they believe guides all political actions (a view most scholars treat as Thucydides’ own) my study argues that Sparta raises problems for key arguments of the ‘Athenian thesis.’ Through a closer study of Thucydides’ Sparta, including his neglected Book 5, I locate details of both Sparta’s prosecution of the war and their regime that must be considered before agreeing with the apparent sobriety and clear-sightedness of the Athenians, thus leading the reader into the heart of Thucydides’ view of morality in both foreign affairs and domestic politics. A portion of this research is currently being prepared as an article-length study on the broad and important issue of hypocrisy in foreign affairs among states.
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Zhu, Weihong. "Electrical sparks produced from aluminium conductor clashing." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17837.
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Wexler, Anna (Anna M. ). "Sparking controversy : the contested use of noninvasive brain stimulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112018.
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Thesis: Ph. D. in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Science, Technology and Society, 2017.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 298-323).<br>My dissertation examines the controversy over transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a noninvasive form of brain stimulation that is thought to provide a constant low level of electrical current to the brain. Although scientists have been experimenting with tDCS in both healthy and clinical populations for the last fifteen years, in late 2011 a movement arose wherein "lay" individuals began constructing their own tDCS devices, or purchasing consumer devices, to stimulate their brains outside of academic or medical settings for self-improvement purposes. Not surprisingly, the lay use of tDCS has not been well received by researchers, who have termed it "fringe" or "unorthodox." This work studies the conflict over tDCS: what is tDCS, who gets to use it, and who studies it? What are the multiple social worlds that tDCS inhabits, how is the technology interpreted and utilized in each, and how does each group authorize or discredit the other's use? My dissertation incorporates interviews, observations, an online survey, archival research, and legal analyses to probe aspects of the controversy from different angles. The first chapter introduces tDCS technology and chronicles the rise of the do-it-yourself movement and the subsequent emergence of direct-to-consumer devices. In the second chapter, I present an in-depth qualitative study of the practices of home users of tDCS; the third chapter offers a quantitative look at those who have purchased a consumer tDCS device, based on the results of an online survey. The fourth chapter addresses regulatory issues surrounding consumer tDCS devices, providing a comprehensive analysis of relevant legal doctrines and laws. The fifth chapter covers historical precedents for the home use of electrical stimulation, with a focus on uses of the medical battery between 1870 and 1920 in the United States. In the sixth chapter, I compare the medical battery to tDCS, arguing that the controversy over the home use of tDCS is not novel or even surprising, but rather the latest wave in a series of ongoing attempts by lay individuals to utilize electricity for therapeutic purposes.<br>by Anna Wexler.<br>Ph. D. in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS)
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Langat, Philip Kibet. "Power-line sparking noise characterisation in the SKA environment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17970.
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Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and its demonstrator MeerKAT are being designed to operate over
a wide frequency range and are expected to achieve greater sensitivity and resolution than existing
telescopes. The radio astronomy community is well aware of the negative impact that radio frequency
interference (RFI) has on observations in the proposed frequency band. This is because weak radio
signals such as those from pulsars and distant galaxies are difficult to detect on their own. The presence
of RFI sources in the telescope’s operating area can severely corrupt observation data, leading to
inaccurate or misleading results.
Power-line interference and radiation from electric fences are examples of RFI sources. Mitigation
techniques for these interference sources in the SKA system’s electromagnetic environment are
essential to ensure the success of this project. These techniques can be achieved with appropriate
understanding of the characteristics of the noise sources. Overhead power-line interference is known to
be caused mainly by corona and gap-type (commonly known as sparking noise) discharges. Sparking
noise is the dominant interference for the SKA. It is mainly encountered on wooden pole lines, which
are usually distribution lines operated at up to 66 kV AC in the South African network. At this voltage
level, the voltage gradients on the lines are insufficient to generate conductor corona. The power
requirements for SKA precursors will be below this voltage level.
The aim of the research in this dissertation is to evaluate the power line sparking characteristics
through measurements and simulation of line radiation and propagation characteristics. An artificially
made sparking noise generator, which is mounted on a power line, is used as noise source and the
radiation characteristics are measured. Measurements were carried out in different environments,
which included a high-voltage laboratory (HV-Lab), a 40m test-line, and another 22-kV test line of
approximately 1.5 km. The key sparking noise parameters of interest were the temporal and spectral
characteristics. The time domain features considered were the pulse shape and the repetition rate. The
lateral, longitudinal and height attenuation profiles were also quantified. Since sparking noise current pulses are injected or induced onto power line conductors, the line will
act as an unintentional antenna. The far-field radiation characteristics of the line were evaluated
through measurements on physical scale-model structures and simulations. 1/120th and 1/200th scaled
lines, using an absorbing material and metallic ground planes, respectively, were simulated in FEKO.
The measurements of the constructed scale models were taken in the anechoic chamber. Both
measurements and simulations showed that the line exhibits an end-fire antenna pattern mode. Line
length, pulse injection point and line configuration were some of the parameters found to affect the
radiation patterns.
The findings from this study are used to determine techniques to identify the sparking noise, and locate
and correct the sources when they occur on the line hardware. Appropriate equipment is recommended
to be used for the location and correction of sparking noise.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Vierkante Kilometer Reeks (SKA) en sy demonstrasie projek, die Karoo Reeks Teleskoop (KAT),
word ontwerp om oor 'n wye frekwensie-bereik te funksioneer. Beide sal na verwagting beter
sensitiwiteit en resolusie as bestaande radioteleskope he. Die radio-astronomie-gemeenskap is deeglik
bewus van die negatiewe impak wat radio-frekwensie steurnisse (RFS) op waarnemings in die
voorgestelde frekwensieband het. Die rede hiervoor is dat swak radio-seine soos die van pulsars en
verafgelee sterrestelsels inherent moeilik is om te bepaal. Die teenwoordigheid van RFS bronne in die
teleskoop se onmiddellike operasionele gebied kan waarnemings nadelig beinvloed. Dit lei uiteindelik
tot onakkurate of misleidende resultate.
Kraglyne en uitstralings van elektriese heinings is voorbeelde van RFS bronne. Metodes om die
oorsake van die steurnisse van die SKA se elektromagnetiese omgewing te verminder is noodsaaklik
om die sukses van hierdie projekt te verseker. Dit vereis egter deeglike begrip van die eienskappe van
hierdie bronne. Steurnisse as gevolg van oorhoofse kraglyne word hoofsaaklik veroorsaak deur
korona en gapingtipe ontladings (algemeen bekend as vonkontladings). Vonkontladings word hier
beskou as die belangrikste oorsaak van steurnisse vir die SKA. Dit word in die Suid-Afrikaanse
netwerk hoofsaaklik aangetref op houtpaal-installasies, wat gewoonlik bestaan uit distribusie lyne
wat tot en met 66 kV wisselstroom (WS) bedryf word. By hierdie operasionele spanning is die
spanningsgradient op die lyn onvoldoende om korona op te wek. Die kragvereistes vir die SKA se
voorafgaande projekte sal sodanig wees dat hierdie spanningsvlak nie oorskry sal word nie.
Die doel van die navorsing omskryf in hierdie proefskrif is om die eienskappe van vonkontladings
rondom kraglyne te evalueer. Dit word gedoen met behulp van metings en simulasies van
uitstralings- en voortplantingspatrone wat met 'n spesifieke lyn geassosieer kan word. 'n Kunsmatige
vonkontladingsopwekker word op 'n kraglyn geplaas en dien as bron om die uitstralingspatrone te
meet. Metings is uitgevoer in verskillende omgewings, insluitende 'n hoogspanningslaboratorium
(HV-Lab), 'n 40 m toetslyn en 'n 22 kV WS toetslyn van ongeveer 1.5 km lank. Die hoof
vonkontladings eienskappe van belang is die temporale en spektrale eienskappe. Die tydgebiedeienskappe
wat ondersoek is, is die pulsvorm asook die pulsherhalingskoers. Die laterale,
longitudinale en hoogte-attenuasie profiele word ook gekwantifiseer. Aangesien stroompulse deur vonkontladings op die kraglyn geplaas of geinduseer word, sal die lyn as
'n ongewenste antenna optree. Die ver-veld uitstralingskenmerke van die lyn is ook geëvalueer deur
gebruik te maak van fisiese skaalmodelstrukture en -simulasies. 1/120ste en 1/200ste geskaleerde
lynmodelle, wat onderskeidelik 'n absorberende- en metaalgrondvlak bevat, was gebruik om 'n 3
spanlengte kraglyn te simuleer met behulp van FEKO. Metings van die fisiese skaalmodel strukture is
in 'n anegoise kamer geneem. Beide die metings en die simulasies toon dat die lyn 'n endpunt
uitstralingspatroon het. Lynlengte, die opwekkingsposisie van die stroompuls en die lynkonfigurasie
is 'n paar van die parameters wat die uitstralingpatroon beïnvloed, soos in die navorsing aangedui.
Die bevindinge van hierdie studie word gebruik om steurnisse as gevolg van vonkontladings op die
kraglyn te identifiseer, op te spoor en uiteindelik reg te stel. Toepaslike toerusting word voorgestel
wat gebruik kan word vir die identifisering en opsporing van vonkontladings.
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Hubbard, C. E. "Population studies of Spartina angelica in the Dee Estuary." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381195.
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Zhang, Zhengdong Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Sparkle vision : seeing the world through random specular microfacets." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91084.
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Thesis: S.M. in Computer Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2014.<br>21<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 57-58).<br>This thesis studies the problem of reproducing the world lighting from a single image of an object covered with random specular microfacets on the surface. Such a reflector can be interpreted as a randomized mapping from the lighting to the image. This intrinsic randomness makes it challenging for humans to interpret the image of a specular surface. We propose a system to solve it algorithmically and demonstrate how a simple yet reliable method can calibrate the proposed system and do the inference. The success of such system relies on accurate exposure of the specular surfaces. However, such objects have very distinguished optical properties compared with both diffuse surfaces and smooth specular objects like metals. So we design a special imaging system to robustly and effectively photograph them. Finally we conduct experiments to verify the correctness of our model assumptions and prove the effectiveness of our pipeline.<br>by Zhengdong Zhang.<br>S.M. in Computer Science and Engineering
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Harnesk, Malin. "Att spara eller inte att inte spara? : En paneldatastudie över bestämningsfaktorer för hushållens sparkvot." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-118707.
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Karlsson, Robin. "Att spara eller inte spara : En jämförelsestudie i formmaterial vid gjutning av Prefab element." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21667.
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Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka för vilka byggen det är mer ekonomiskt lönsamt för leverantör av prefabelement att använda sig utav engångsskiva eller formplyfa som formmaterial. I uppdrag av UBAB har en undersökning gjorts om vilket formmaterial som är det lönsammare alternativet vid produktion av trappor. Detta har gjorts genom att analysera processernas tidåtgång, materialkostnad samt totalkostnad. Arbetssätten skiljer sig mellan de olika formmaterialen och därför har arbetsmomentet kartlagts genom tidsstudier för indata och observationer för ytterligare förståelse om processerna. Genom intervjuer har en materialåtgång framkommit som tillsammans med informationen från tidsstudierna använts för att ta fram totalkostnaden. Resultatet visar att totalkostnaden för engångsskivan är större än vid användandet av den traditionella formplyfan. Endast första gjutet visar sig vara lönsammare med engångsskivan. För att engångsskivan ska vara ett kostnadseffektivt alternativ vid flera gjut behövs materialåtgången sänkas då kostnaden för den snabbt blir dubbelt så dyr som med formplyfan. Även om kostnaden för engångsskivan är större finns fortfarande fördelar och möjligheter till förbättring. Att utveckla standardiserade arbetssätt även för engångsskivan kan göra det mer tidseffektivt och genom att få ner materialåtgången kan göra engångsskivan till ett mer lönsamt alternativ.<br>The purpose of this study is to determent what type of build it’s more economic profitable for the supplier of prefab element to use single-use sheets or form plywood as mold material. Tasked by UBAB a survey was made to see which of the mold materials’ the most profitable alternative in production of stairs. This was made through analyzing the processes time consumption, material cost and total cost. Working procedure is different between the mold materials and that is why the operations been charted through time studies for input and observations for a greater understanding of the processes. A material consumption has emerged through interviews that together with the information from the time studies been used to determent the total cost. The result shows that the total cost for the single-use sheet is greater than when using the traditional form plywood. Only the first cast turns out to be more profitable with the single-use sheet. For the single-use sheet to be a cost efficient alternative at multiple casts the material consumption must be lowered since the cost quickly becomes twice as expensive as form plywood. Even though the cost of single-use sheets is greater there are still benefits and possibilities for improvement. To develop standardized working procedures for the single-use sheet as well could make it more time efficient and by decreasing the material consumption could make the single-use sheet a more profitable alternative.
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Ni, Ze. "Comparative Evaluation of Spark andStratosphere." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118226.
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Nowadays, although MapReduce is applied to the parallel processing on big data, it has some limitations: for instance, lack of generic but efficient and richly functional primitive parallel methods, incapability of entering multiple input parameters on the entry of parallel methods, and inefficiency in the way of handling iterative algorithms. Spark and Stratosphere are developed to deal with (partly) the shortcoming of MapReduce. The goal of this thesis is to evaluate Spark and Stratosphere both from the point of view of theoretical programming model and practical execution on specified application algorithms. In the introductory section of comparative programming models, we mainly explore and compare the features of Spark and Stratosphere that overcome the limitation of MapReduce. After the comparison in theoretical programming model, we further evaluate their practical performance by running three different classes of applications and assessing usage of computing resources and execution time. It is concluded that Spark has promising features for iterative algorithms in theory but it may not achieve the expected performance improvement to run iterative applications if the amount of memory used for cached operations is close to the actual available memory in the cluster environment. In that case, the reason for the poor results in performance is because larger amount of memory participates in the caching operation and in turn, only a small amount memory is available for computing operations of actual algorithms. Stratosphere shows favorable characteristics as a general parallel computing framework, but it has no support for iterative algorithms and spends more computing resources than Spark for the same amount of work. In another aspect, applications based on Stratosphere can achieve benefits by manually setting compiler hints when developing the code, whereas Spark has no corresponding functionality.
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Bútora, Matúš. "Modelem řízený vývoj Spark úloh." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403168.
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The aim of the master thesis is to describe Apache Spark framework , its structure and the way how Spark works . Next goal is to present topic of Model- Driven Development and Model-Drive Architecture . Define their advantages , disadvantages and way of usage . However , the main part of this text is devoted to design a model for creating tasks in Apache Spark framework . Text desribes application , that allows user to create graph based on proposed modeling language . Final application allows user to generate source code from created model.
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Kim, Jaecheol. "The role of radicals supplied directly and indirectly on ignition." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53001.
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The ignition process is a critical consideration for combustion devices. External energy transfer to the combustor is required for ignition in common combustion systems. There are many ways to deposit energy into the flow but a standard method is a spark discharge because it is simple, compact, and reliable. Sparks can be categorized as either inductive or capacitive sparks that use a coil or an electrical resonance circuit with capacitor, respectively, to amplify the voltage. The creation of a successful ignition event depends on the spark energy deposited into the flow, the initial composition, pressure, temperature, turbulence level of flow etc. The deposited energy by the spark into the flow is critical for estimation of initial energy available for ignition of the mixture. Therefore, the electrical characteristics of the sparks were investigated under various flow conditions. Then measurements of deposited energy into the flow were conducted using a very accurate experimental procedure that was developed in this research. The results showed considerable electric energy losses to the electrodes for the relatively long, inductive sparks. However, the short, capacitive spark deposits electric energy into the flow with minimal loss (above 90% deposition efficiency). In addition, the characteristics of inductive spark are affected by flow velocity and by the existence of a flame. However, variations in the flow conditions do not affect the characteristics of the capacitive spark such as voltage-current time trace and energy deposition efficiency.
Two ignition systems using above mentioned two spark types were developed. First, the capacitive spark energy was directly deposited into the premixed flow. Most researchers have not concentrated on the early initiation process but on the flame growth. Therefore, the generated kernel formed by the energy deposition was observed and characterized using optical methods, immediately following the spark. In addition, the mixing effect for this ignition kernel with surrounding gas was simulated using a numerical method. Based on the time trace of the OH* chemiluminescence, the reaction starts with the discharge and it is continuous until combustion begins. This means that in the presence of a high density spark in premixed flow, there exists no traditional delay as defined by other researchers for auto ignition.
A simple Radical Jet Generator (RJG) was developed that is able to ignite and stabilize a flame in a high-speed flow. The inductive spark initiates the combustion in the RJG chamber. The RJG then injects the partially-burned products carrying large amounts of heat and radicals into a rapidly moving flammable main stream. Then it ignites and stabilizes a flame. The RJG requires low levels of electrical power as long as the flow velocity is relatively low since most of the radicals are produced by the incomplete combustion in its chamber. The importance of radicals was analyzed by RJG experiments and numerical methods. The reaction zone for RJG using a rich mixture was located both inside and outside of the RJG chamber. Therefore, the RJG using a rich mixture performed better in the ignition and stabilization of combustion in the main flow. According to an analysis using the CHEMKIM simulation software combined with the San Diego chemical mechanism, the RJG jet resulting from a rich mixture contains more radicals and intermediates than that produced by a lean mixture for the same sensible enthalpy. In addition, the burned gas contains less radicals and intermediates than the partially burned gas.
If the RJG is operating with a high speed main flow, the flow rate through the RJG chamber must be increased to allow the radical jet to penetrate well into the rapid flow due to their higher injection velocity. Unfortunately, this leads to unsteady combustion in the RJG, which results in the pulsation of the radical jet. This reduces the number of radicals injected into the main flow. To investigate this operating condition, special attention was focused on four possible factors: unburned reactant pockets caused by motion of the spark channel, spark frequency, flame propagation speed and ignition delay. It was shown that the unsteadiness is affected by the flame speed and ignition delay because the frequency of pulsation in the chamber is highly dependent on the equivalence ratio. In addition, the interaction between the RJG operation and the combustion dynamics in the main combustor was documented. The acoustic pressure oscillations in the main combustor were suppressed when the RJG jet was turned on because the reaction region is relocated by the operation of the RJG.