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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Spatial and temporally resolution

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Academic literature on the topic 'Spatial and temporally resolution'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Spatial and temporally resolution"

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O'Brien, Joseph J., E. Louise Loudermilk, Benjamin Hornsby, Andrew T. Hudak, Benjamin C. Bright, Matthew B. Dickinson, J. Kevin Hiers, Casey Teske, and Roger D. Ottmar. "High-resolution infrared thermography for capturing wildland fire behaviour: RxCADRE 2012." International Journal of Wildland Fire 25, no. 1 (2016): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf14165.

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Wildland fire radiant energy emission is one of the only measurements of combustion that can be made at wide spatial extents and high temporal and spatial resolutions. Furthermore, spatially and temporally explicit measurements are critical for making inferences about fire effects and useful for examining patterns of fire spread. In this study we describe our methods for capturing and analysing spatially and temporally explicit long-wave infrared (LWIR) imagery from the RxCADRE (Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiment) project and examine the usefulness of these data in investigating fire behaviour and effects. We compare LWIR imagery captured at fine and moderate spatial and temporal resolutions (from 1 cm2 to 1 m2; and from 0.12 to 1 Hz) using both nadir and oblique measurements. We analyse fine-scale spatial heterogeneity of fire radiant power and energy released in several experimental burns. There was concurrence between the measurements, although the oblique view estimates of fire radiative power were consistently higher than the nadir view estimates. The nadir measurements illustrate the significance of fuel characteristics, particularly type and connectivity, in driving spatial variability at fine scales. The nadir and oblique measurements illustrate the usefulness of the data for describing the location and movement of the fire front at discrete moments in time at these fine and moderate resolutions. Spatially and temporally resolved data from these techniques show promise to effectively link the combustion environment with post-fire processes, remote sensing at larger scales and wildland fire modelling efforts.

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Grim, Joseph A., and James O. Pinto. "Estimating Continuous-Coverage Instantaneous Precipitation Rates Using Remotely Sensed and Ground-Based Measurements." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 50, no. 10 (October 2011): 2073–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-11-033.1.

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AbstractThis study demonstrates a method of temporally and spatially scaling precipitation rates at low probability of precipitation-rate exceedance levels (e.g., 0.1%) from coarser-resolution global datasets to near-instantaneous localized rain gauge precipitation rates. In particular, the 8-km-, 1-h-resolution Climate Prediction Center Morphing (CMORPH) dataset was scaled to 1-min localized rates using the Automated Surface Observing Station (ASOS) rain gauge data. Maps of these scaled precipitation rates show overall patterns and magnitudes that are nearly identical to the lower-spatial-resolution rain gauge maps yet retain the much higher resolution of the original remotely sensed global dataset, which is particularly important over regions of complex geography and sparse surface observing stations. To scale the CMORPH data, temporal and spatial conversion factor arrays were calculated by comparing precipitation rates at different temporal (ASOS 1-min and 1-h) and spatial (ASOS 1-h and CMORPH 1-h) resolutions. These temporal and spatial conversion factors were found to vary by probability level, season, and climatological region. Meteorological implications of these variations are discussed.

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Kim, Joohwan S., and Martin S. Banks. "65.1: Effective Spatial Resolution of Temporally and Spatially Interlaced Stereo 3D Televisions." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 43, no. 1 (June 2012): 879–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2168-0159.2012.tb05927.x.

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Decking, Ulrich K. M., Vinay M. Pai, Eric Bennett, Joni L. Taylor, Christian D. Fingas, Klaus Zanger, Han Wen, and Robert S. Balaban. "High-resolution imaging reveals a limit in spatial resolution of blood flow measurements by microspheres." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 287, no. 3 (September 2004): H1132—H1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00119.2004.

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Density of 15-μm microspheres after left atrial application is the standard measure of regional perfusion. In the heart, substantial differences in microsphere density are seen at spatial resolutions <5 ml, implying perfusion heterogeneity. Microsphere deposition imaging permits a superior evaluation of the distribution pattern. Therefore, fluorescent microspheres (FMS) were applied, FMS deposition in the canine heart was imaged by epifluorescence microscopy in vitro, and the patterns were observed compared with MR images of iron oxide microspheres (IMS) obtained in vivo and in vitro. FMS deposition in myocardial slices revealed the following: 1) a nonrandom distribution, with sequentially applied FMS of different color stacked within the same vessel, 2) general FMS clustering, and 3) rather large areas devoid of FMS ( n = 3). This pattern was also seen in reconstructed three-dimensional images (<1 nl resolution) of FMS distribution ( n = 4). Surprisingly, the deposition pattern of sequentially applied FMS remained virtually identical over 3 days. Augmenting flow by intracoronary adenosine (>2 μM) enhanced local microsphere density, but did not alter the deposition pattern ( n = 3). The nonrandom, temporally stable pattern was quantitatively confirmed by a three-dimensional intermicrosphere distance analysis of sequentially applied FMS. T2-weighted short-axis MR images (2-μl resolution) of IMS revealed similar patterns in vivo and in vitro ( n = 6), as seen with FMS. The observed temporally stable microsphere patterns are not consistent with the notion that microsphere deposition is solely governed by blood flow. We propose that at high spatial resolution (<2 μl) structural aspects of the vascular network dominate microsphere distribution, resulting in the organized patterns observed.

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Eggert, B., P. Berg, J. O. Haerter, D. Jacob, and C. Moseley. "Temporal and spatial scaling impacts on extreme precipitation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 2 (January 23, 2015): 2157–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-2157-2015.

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Abstract. Both in the current climate and in the light of climate change, understanding of the causes and risk of precipitation extremes is essential for protection of human life and adequate design of infrastructure. Precipitation extreme events depend qualitatively on the temporal and spatial scales at which they are measured, in part due to the distinct types of rain formation processes that dominate extremes at different scales. To capture these differences, we first filter large datasets of high-resolution radar measurements over Germany (5 min temporally and 1 km spatially) using synoptic cloud observations, to distinguish convective and stratiform rain events. In a second step, for each precipitation type, the observed data are aggregated over a sequence of time intervals and spatial areas. The resulting matrix allows a detailed investigation of the resolutions at which convective or stratiform events are expected to contribute most to the extremes. We analyze where the statistics of the two types differ and discuss at which resolutions transitions occur between dominance of either of the two precipitation types. We characterize the scales at which the convective or stratiform events will dominate the statistics. For both types, we further develop a mapping between pairs of spatially and temporally aggregated statistics. The resulting curve is relevant when deciding on data resolutions where statistical information in space and time is balanced. Our study may hence also serve as a practical guide for modelers, and for planning the space–time layout of measurement campaigns. We also describe a mapping between different pairs of resolutions, possibly relevant when working with mismatched model and observational resolutions, such as in statistical bias correction.

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Pan, Xiaoduo, Xin Li, Kun Yang, Jie He, Yanlin Zhang, and Xujun Han. "Comparison of Downscaled Precipitation Data over a Mountainous Watershed: A Case Study in the Heihe River Basin." Journal of Hydrometeorology 15, no. 4 (July 30, 2014): 1560–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-13-0202.1.

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Abstract Development of an accurate precipitation dataset is of primary importance for regional hydrological process studies and water resources management. Here, four regional precipitation products are evaluated for the Heihe River basin (HRB): 1) a spatially and temporally disaggregated Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) at 0.25° spatial resolution (DCMAP); 2) a fusion product obtained by merging China Meteorological Administration station data and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission precipitation data at 0.1° spatial resolution supported by the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research (ITP), Chinese Academy of Sciences (ITP-F); 3) a disaggregated CMAP downscaled by a statistical meteorological model tool at 1-km spatial resolution (DCMAP–MicroMet); and 4) a Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model simulation with 5-km resolution (WRF-P). The validation metrics include spatial pattern, temporal pattern, error analysis with respect to observation data, and precipitation event verification indicators. The results indicate that 1) precipitation from the DCMAP product may not be suitable for water cycle studies at the watershed scale because of its coarser spatial resolution and 2) ITP-F, WRF-P, and DCMAP–MicroMet precipitation products generally show similar spatial–temporal patterns in HRB but have varying performances between different subbasins.

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Jin, Huaan, Weixing Xu, Ainong Li, Xinyao Xie, Zhengjian Zhang, and Haoming Xia. "Spatially and Temporally Continuous Leaf Area Index Mapping for Crops through Assimilation of Multi-resolution Satellite Data." Remote Sensing 11, no. 21 (October 28, 2019): 2517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11212517.

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As a key parameter that represents the structural characteristics and biophysical changes of crop canopy, the leaf area index (LAI) plays a significant role in monitoring crop growth and mapping yield. A considerable amount of farmland is dispersed with strong spatial heterogeneity. The existing time series satellite LAI products fail to capture spatial distributions and growth changes of crops due to coarse spatial resolutions and spatio-temporal discontinuities. Therefore, it becomes crucial for fine resolution LAI mapping in time series over crop areas. A two-stage data assimilation scheme was developed for dense time series LAI mapping in this study. A LAI dynamic model was first constructed using multi-year MODIS LAI data. This model coupled with the PROSAIL radiative transfer model, and MOD09A1 reflectance data were used to retrieve temporal LAI profiles at the 500 m resolution with the assistance of the very fast simulated annealing (VFSA) algorithm. Then, the LAI dynamics at the 500 m scale were incorporated as prior information into the Landsat 8 OLI reflectance data for time series LAI mapping at the 30 m resolution. Finally, the spatio-temporal continuities and retrieval accuracies of assimilated LAI values were assessed at the 500 m and 30 m resolutions respectively, using the MODIS LAI product, fine resolution LAI reference map and field measurements. The results indicated that the assimilated the LAI estimations at the 500 m scale effectively eliminated the spatio-temporal discontinuities of the MODIS LAI product and displayed reasonable temporal profiles and spatial integrity of LAI. Moreover, the 30 m resolution LAI retrievals showed more abundant spatial details and reasonable temporal profiles than the counterparts at the 500 m scale. The determination coefficient R2 between the estimated and field LAI values was 0.76 with a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 0.71 at the 30 m scale. The developed method not only improves the spatio-temporal continuities of the LAI at the 500 m scale, but also obtains 30 m resolution LAI maps with fine spatial and temporal consistencies, which can be expected to meet the needs of analysis on crop dynamic changes and yield mapping in fragmented and highly heterogeneous areas.

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Fecht, Daniela, Samantha Cockings, Susan Hodgson, Frédéric B. Piel, David Martin, and Lance A. Waller. "Advances in mapping population and demographic characteristics at small-area levels." International Journal of Epidemiology 49, Supplement_1 (April 1, 2020): i15—i25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz179.

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Abstract Temporally and spatially highly resolved information on population characteristics, including demographic profile (e.g. age and sex), ethnicity and socio-economic status (e.g. income, occupation, education), are essential for observational health studies at the small-area level. Time-relevant population data are critical as denominators for health statistics, analytics and epidemiology, to calculate rates or risks of disease. Demographic and socio-economic characteristics are key determinants of health and important confounders in the relationship between environmental contaminants and health. In many countries, census data have long been the source of small-area population denominators and confounder information. A strength of the traditional census model has been its careful design and high level of population coverage, allowing high-quality detailed data to be released for small areas periodically, e.g. every 10 years. The timeliness of data, however, becomes a challenge when temporally and spatially highly accurate annual (or even more frequent) data at high spatial resolution are needed, for example, for health surveillance and epidemiological studies. Additionally, the approach to collecting demographic population information is changing in the era of open and big data and may eventually evolve to using combinations of administrative and other data, supplemented by surveys. We discuss different approaches to address these challenges including (i) the US American Community Survey, a rolling sample of the US population census, (ii) the use of spatial analysis techniques to compile temporally and spatially high-resolution demographic data and (iii) the use of administrative and big data sources as proxies for demographic characteristics.

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Turner, Alexander J., Daniel J. Jacob, Joshua Benmergui, Jeremy Brandman, Laurent White, and Cynthia A. Randles. "Assessing the capability of different satellite observing configurations to resolve the distribution of methane emissions at kilometer scales." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 11 (June 13, 2018): 8265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-8265-2018.

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Abstract. Anthropogenic methane emissions originate from a large number of fine-scale and often transient point sources. Satellite observations of atmospheric methane columns are an attractive approach for monitoring these emissions but have limitations from instrument precision, pixel resolution, and measurement frequency. Dense observations will soon be available in both low-Earth and geostationary orbits, but the extent to which they can provide fine-scale information on methane sources has yet to be explored. Here we present an observation system simulation experiment (OSSE) to assess the capabilities of different satellite observing system configurations. We conduct a 1-week WRF-STILT simulation to generate methane column footprints at 1.3 × 1.3 km2 spatial resolution and hourly temporal resolution over a 290 × 235 km2 domain in the Barnett Shale, a major oil and gas field in Texas with a large number of point sources. We sub-sample these footprints to match the observing characteristics of the recently launched TROPOMI instrument (7 × 7 km2 pixels, 11 ppb precision, daily frequency), the planned GeoCARB instrument (2.7 × 3.0 km2 pixels, 4 ppb precision, nominal twice-daily frequency), and other proposed observing configurations. The information content of the various observing systems is evaluated using the Fisher information matrix and its eigenvalues. We find that a week of TROPOMI observations should provide information on temporally invariant emissions at ∼ 30 km spatial resolution. GeoCARB should provide information available on temporally invariant emissions ∼ 2–7 km spatial resolution depending on sampling frequency (hourly to daily). Improvements to the instrument precision yield greater increases in information content than improved sampling frequency. A precision better than 6 ppb is critical for GeoCARB to achieve fine resolution of emissions. Transient emissions would be missed with either TROPOMI or GeoCARB. An aspirational high-resolution geostationary instrument with 1.3 × 1.3 km2 pixel resolution, hourly return time, and 1 ppb precision would effectively constrain the temporally invariant emissions in the Barnett Shale at the kilometer scale and provide some information on hourly variability of sources.

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Li, Xiuxia, Shunlin Liang, and Huaan Jin. "An Effective Method for Generating Spatiotemporally Continuous 30 m Vegetation Products." Remote Sensing 13, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040719.

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Leaf area index (LAI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) are key parameters for various applications. However, due to sensor tradeoff and cloud contaminations, these data are often temporally intermittent and spatially discontinuous. To address the discontinuities, this study proposed a method based on spectral matching of 30 m discontinuous values from Landsat data and 500 m temporally continuous values from Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. Experiments have proven that the proposed method can effectively yield spatiotemporally continuous vegetation products at 30 m spatial resolution. The results for three different study areas with NDVI and LAI showed that the method performs well in restoring the time series, fills in the missing data, and reasonably predicts the images. Remarkably, the proposed method could address the issue when no cloud-free data pairs are available close to the prediction date, because of the temporal information “borrowed” from coarser resolution data. Hence, the proposed method can make better use of partially obscured images. The reconstructed spatiotemporally continuous data have great potential for monitoring vegetation, agriculture, and environmental dynamics.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Spatial and temporally resolution"

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Geberl, Cornelia. "Spatial and temporal resolution of bat sonar." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-160582.

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Davies, Amy. "Imaging of platelet actin nodule with high spatial and temporal resolution." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5173/.

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Platelets play a critical role in haemostasis and through platelet adhesion and aggregation ensure the integrity of the cardiovascular system is maintained in the event of an injury. The actin cytoskeleton plays a pivotal role their function. However, little is known about the role of a recently characterised actin structure, the actin nodule. The aims of this thesis are to characterise the actin nodule and elucidate their role in platelet spreading. To achieve this, platelets from the Lifeact-GFP transgenic mouse are used for live-cell imaging studies which demonstrate that actin nodules are a transient, surface-proximal, stationary actin structure which requires actin polymerisation downstream of SFK activity and the presence of Arp 2/3 complex. Additionally, their co-localisation with αIIb and results from previous work suggest a role for the actin nodule in platelet adhesion. The intracellular delivery of the actin label, Lifeact, and gold nanoparticles into human platelets using pH (low) insertion peptide is investigated and successful delivery of both represents a step forward in the ability to image actin dynamics in human platelets. Additionally, functionalisation of gold nanoparticles with multiple moieties including, a luminescent europium complex, demonstrate their potential as labels for multimodal imaging of human platelet actin nodule dynamics.

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Degbelo, Auriol [Verfasser], and Werner [Akademischer Betreuer] Kuhn. "Spatial and temporal resolution of sensor observations / Auriol Degbelo ; Betreuer: Werner Kuhn." Münster : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1137626755/34.

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Geberl, Cornelia [Verfasser], and Lutz [Akademischer Betreuer] Wiegrebe. "Spatial and temporal resolution of bat sonar / Cornelia Geberl. Betreuer: Lutz Wiegrebe." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1041584563/34.

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Chen, Xiaolin. "Biological plant root growth detection from spatial and temporal resolution image sequences." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12039/.

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This thesis describes the development of a new approach to measuring the growth of plant roots. Work on changing the growth patterns of plants by the introduction of the right materials into their feed as well as the process of genetic manipulation is enhanced by being able to measure the growth of the plants roots in real time. Previous work in doing this has been subject to low reliability due in part to the nature of the problem. Plant root growth rates are of the order of 0.1 μm per second and thus have to be captured under the microscope. The plant surfaces show low contrast and have few predictable features so many methods prove to be inappropriate. Previous work in the measurement made use of the RootFlowRT software that uses a combination of a tensor based method and a correspondence method. However, the results from these methods have a high level of unreliability. The tensor method as applied shows a reliability of less than 10% and work carried out in this thesis shows that the correspondence method on its own cannot reliably predict the growth rates for large areas in any root. The work has introduced the use of Scale Space Optical Flow method to replace the previous tensor method and this has been shown to have a reliability of greater than 30% in almost all cases. The results of this method are then used to refine the search space for the correspondence method and again increase the reliability of the measurements. The validity of the final results using the current method are thus shown to be a great improvement on the previous method. For comparison: Percentage of measurements in the correct direction and size • RootFlowRT 70% • Current method 95% Maximum spread of invalid results • RootFlowRT +/-200% in size and 100% in direction • Current method +/-10% in size or direction

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Berry, Sam. "Ultra-high spatial and temporal resolution using Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/348102/.

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Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) is a system that can image beyond the conventional diffraction limit. It does this by collecting the information contained within evanescent fields. This unique ability to image using evanescent fields also enables SNOM to directly measure the electric field distribution in waveguides, where light is guided by total internal reflection. When SNOM is used with a spectrally resolving detector, local temporal phenomena can be detected by analysing spectral interference in the spectra collected by the probe. This spectrally resolving configuration was used to directly measure inter-modal group velocity difference in a multimode ridge waveguide and, using the modes’ spatial profiles to experimentally determine the mode amplitude coefficient ratio. Such an ability to provide measurements on the local dispersion characteristics and relative modal amplitudes of guided light establishes SNOM as a route for investigating the conversion of current single mode photonic devices into multimode devices. The spectrally resolving SNOM system was also used to investigate the sources of temporal delays created by a quasi disordered scattering sample, which was based on John H. Conway’s pinwheel tiling. Whilst the measurements do not create a complete picture of the scattering phenomena in this work, suggestions for improvement are offered with the aim establishing spectrally resolving SNOM systems as tools for mapping localised temporal phenomena in disordered scattering systems.

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Mokso, Rajmund. "Development and applications of coherent imaging with improved temporal and spatial resolution." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10062.

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Les techniques d'imagerie sont ulitlisées, en science des matériaux, comme méthodes de caractérisation non destructives. Parmi ces techniques la tomographie au rayons X ouvre la voie à la caractérisation tridimensionelle. Les deux sujets principaux de cette thèse sont l'amélioration des résolution temporelle et spatiale de la tomographie aux rayons X. Ces deux aspects sont traités séparement. Dans la première partie, la description d'une nouvelle méthode de tomographie rapide et l'implementation aux mousses liquides est présentée. La deuxième partie est consacrée à l'étude d'une système optique pour la focalisation d'un faisceau de rayons X durs et son utilisation pour produire des images tomographiques avec une résolution spatiale de 290 nanomètres. Le travail a été réalisé à l'Installation Européenne de Rayonnement Synchrotron (ESRF) à Grenoble
This work had a twofold goal. Firstly to gain insight into the bulk of materials at a spatial resolution superior to what has been achieved so far for hard x-rays and secondly to improve the speed at which tomography can be performed. Ln the framework of this thesis an innovative acquisition scheme for fast tomographie imaging have been implemented, as weil as the first three-dimensional phase-contrast tomograrns has been acquired with a new focusing x-ray setup. The fast acquisition has been implemented to be able to perform the first extensive study of the coarsening behavior of liquid foams, whereas the magnified tomography has been applied to the study of aluminum alloys with a resolution of 290 nanomenters. The thesis has been prepared at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble, France

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Senay, Gabriel B. "Using High Spatial Resolution Spectral Data To Study Spatial and Temporal Variability in Corn and Soybean Management Systems /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487935125879758.

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Ristori, Pablo Roberto. "Development of a high spatial and temporal resolution Raman lidar for turbulent observations /." Lausanne : EPFL, 2008. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=3963.

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Thèse Ecole polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, no 3963 (2007), Faculté de l'environnement naturel, architectural et construit ENAC, Section des sciences et ingénierie de l'environnement, Institut des sciences et technologies de l'environnement ISTE (Laboratoire de pollution atmosphérique et du sol LPAS). Dir.: Hubert Van den Bergh.

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Sharp, Thomas Harry. "Biomolecular imaging at high spatial and temporal resolution in vitro and in vivo." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.549684.

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This Thesis covers two separate projects linked by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of biological samples: firstly, the utilisation of cryoTEM- TEM performed at cryogenic temperatures-to elucidate the superstructure of self-assembled peptide fibres, and secondly the development of new probes for Correlative Light Electron Microscopy (CLEM) both in vitro and in vivo. CryoTEM involves imaging samples in a hydrated state as close to experienced in bulk solvent as possible. This yields images and data that reflect the native state, and different to those of negatively stained samples that have been dried down and stained. Self-assembling peptide fibres (SAFs) were developed in the Woolfson lab in 2000 and characterised as α-helical coiled coils that grow both longitudinally and laterally. To date, data suggests an ordered superstructure, but negative stain TEM images and fibre X-ray diffraction have yielded only low resolution (~20 A) information. In this Thesis, I show that SAFs subjected to rapid plunge freezing and cryoTEM display a remarkable superstructure. Individual micrographs give high- resolution data that allowed direct structural interpretation of the packing of individual α-helices within the fibre, and the construction of a 3D electron density map at 8 A resolution. Furthermore, an all-atom model was derived combining the cryoTEM data and a 2.3 A X-ray crystal structure of a variant of the building block incapable of forming fibres. Together these provide the highest-resolution structure of a de novo designed protein-based supramolecular fibre. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) has revolutionised molecular and cell biology by enabling visualisation of endogenous proteins within live cells, providing information on protein motility, localisation and interactions. How- ever, the resolution of the light microscope (LM) is inherently limited by the wavelength of visible light, a problem that can be overcome by EM. However, EM requires a fixed cell. Correlative light electron microscopy (CLEM) combines the advantages of both techniques to allow visualisation of proteins in the live cell prior to detailed analysis at high resolution in the EM. At present there is no genetically encoded monomeric protein that is visible in both LM and EM. Therefore, the aim of the second project was to design and characterise a protein that was both fluorescent and electron dense. To achieve this, concatenation of a metal-binding protein, metallothionein (MT), was used to cluster heavy-metal ions into electron-dense nanoparticles. This was fused to Enhanced-GFP (EGFP) and characterised as a general-purpose "clonable" tag for use in CLEM. Metal binding capabilities were probed with mass spectrometry and dynamic light scattering. In vitro localisation of the probe in the EM was achieved by encapsulation within liposomes and fusion to SNXl, a membrane tabulating protein. In vivo, the probe was fused to various intra- and extracellular localisation domains and whole cell CL EM attempted. The probe proved difficult to visualise, oven after autometallography with gold. So, a separate complementary tag was also designed. A mutated intracellular protein, FK506 Binding Protein (FKBP12(F36V)), was fused to EGFP. FKBP12(F36V) has high affinity for a novel ligand (SLF'), which can be linked to a single gold particle and delivered to the cytoplasm. This would yield a fluorescent protein with an electron-dense particle nonco- valently bound. Preliminary studies are described towards this second goal, and results so far appear promising.

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Books on the topic "Spatial and temporally resolution"

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Quattrochi, Dale A. Spatial and temporal scaling of thermal infrared remote sensing data. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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Sharp, Thomas Harry. Biomolecular Imaging at High Spatial and Temporal Resolution In Vitro and In Vivo. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02159-1.

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Landsat-4 Science Characterization Early Results Symposium (1983 Greenbelt, Md.). Landsat-4 science characterization early results: Proceedings of the Landsat-4 Science Characterization Early Results Symposium, February 22-24, 1983, held at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland. Edited by Barker John L, United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Landsat-4 Early Results Symposium (1983 : Greenbelt, Md.). Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1985.

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Landsat-4 Science Characterization Early Results Symposium (1983 Greenbelt, Md.). Landsat-4 science characterization early results: Proceedings of the Landsat-4 Science Characterization Early Results Symposium, February 22-24, 1983, held at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland. Edited by Barker John L, United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Landsat-4 Early Results Symposium (1983 : Greenbelt, Md.). Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 1985.

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He, Yuhong, and Qihao Weng, eds. High Spatial Resolution Remote Sensing. Boca Raton, FL : Taylor & Francis, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429470196.

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Wallace, Kenneth M. Design of a high resolution spatial heterdyne interferometer. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1992.

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Bruegger, Beat P. Spatial theory for the integration of resolution-limited data. Enschede]: International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences, 1994.

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Liandrat, J. Resolution of the 1D regularized Burgers equation using a spatial wavelet approximation. Hampton, Va: Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering, NASA Langley Research Center, 1990.

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Spatial data types for database systems: Finite resolution geometry for geographic information systems. Berlin: Springer, 1997.

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Joseph, Goldstein. Applications of the analytical electron microscope to materials science. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Spatial and temporally resolution"

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Ju, Y. Sungtaek, and Kenneth E. Goodson. "High Spatial and Temporal Resolution Thermometry." In Microsystems, 17–37. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5211-6_3.

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Whitehouse, H. J., B. Boashash, and J. M. Speiser. "High resolution processing techniques for temporal and spatial signals." In High-Resolution Methods in Underwater Acoustics, 127–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0040090.

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Sturzbecher, Marcio Junior, and Draulio Barros de Araujo. "Simultaneous EEG-fMRI: Integrating Spatial and Temporal Resolution." In The Relevance of the Time Domain to Neural Network Models, 199–217. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0724-9_11.

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An, Yaozu, Yao Lu, and Ziye Yan. "Spatial-Temporal Motion Compensation Based Video Super Resolution." In Computer Vision – ACCV 2010, 282–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19309-5_22.

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Jin, Ning, Haris Saybasili, and Xiaoming Bi. "Spatial, Temporal Resolution and Signal-to-Noise Ratio." In Basic Principles of Cardiovascular MRI, 41–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22141-0_4.

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Nichol, Janet E., Muhammad Bilal, Majid Nazeer, and Man Sing Wong. "Urban Pollution." In Urban Informatics, 243–58. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_16.

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AbstractThis chapter depicts the state of the art in remote sensing for urban pollution monitoring, including urban heat islands, urban air quality, and water quality around urban coastlines. Recent developments in spatial and temporal resolutions of modern sensors, and in retrieval methodologies and gap-filling routines, have increased the applicability of remote sensing for urban areas. However, capturing the spatial heterogeneity of urban areas is still challenging, given the spatial resolution limitations of aerosol retrieval algorithms for air-quality monitoring, and of modern thermal sensors for urban heat island analysis. For urban coastal applications, water-quality parameters can now be retrieved with adequate spatial and temporal detail even for localized phenomena such as algal blooms, pollution plumes, and point pollution sources. The chapter reviews the main sensors used, and developments in retrieval algorithms. For urban air quality the MODIS Dark Target (DT), Deep Blue (DB), and the merged DT/DB algorithms are evaluated. For urban heat island and urban climatic analysis using coarse- and medium- resolution thermal sensors, MODIS, Landsat, and ASTER are evaluated. For water-quality monitoring, medium spatial resolution sensors including Landsat, HJ1A/B, and Sentinel 2, are evaluated as potential replacements for expensive routine ship-borne monitoring.

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Yang, Wenhan, Jiaying Liu, and Zongming Guo. "Spatial-Temporal Recurrent Residual Networks for Video Super-Resolution." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 115–27. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8108-8_11.

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Donovan, Alexander J., and Ying Liu. "Chemistrode for High Temporal- and Spatial-Resolution Chemical Analysis." In Open-Space Microfluidics: Concepts, Implementations, Applications, 391–410. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527696789.ch18.

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Lenhart, L., and R. Friedrich. "European Emission Data With High Temporal and Spatial Resolution." In Acid Reign ’95?, 1897–902. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0864-8_5.

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Hatfield, Jerry L., John H. Prueger, William P. Kustas, Martha C. Anderson, and Joseph G. Alfieri. "Evapotranspiration: Evolution of Methods to Increase Spatial and Temporal Resolution." In Improving Modeling Tools to Assess Climate Change Effects on Crop Response, 159–93. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/advagricsystmodel7.2015.0076.

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Conference papers on the topic "Spatial and temporally resolution"

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Zeng, Chen, Yanfang Liu, Yaolin Liu, Xing Li, and Ya Tang. "Application of high-resolution RS image in settlement extraction." In International Symposium on Spatial Analysis, Spatial-temporal Data Modeling, and Data Mining, edited by Yaolin Liu and Xinming Tang. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.838545.

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Aldwyish, Abdullah, Egemen Tanin, Hairuo Xie, Shanika Karunasekera, and Kotagiri Ramamohanarao. "Effective Traffic Forecasting with Multi-Resolution Learning." In SSTD '21: 17th International Symposium on Spatial and Temporal Databases. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3469830.3470904.

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Zuefle, Andreas, Konrad Wessels, and Dieter Pfoser. "Mining High Resolution Earth Observation Data Cubes." In SSTD '21: 17th International Symposium on Spatial and Temporal Databases. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3469830.3470917.

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Yao, Wei, Jan van Aardt, and David Messinger. "On the creation of high spatial resolution imaging spectroscopy data from multi-temporal low spatial resolution imagery." In SPIE Defense + Security, edited by Miguel Velez-Reyes and David W. Messinger. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2262521.

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Tucker, Don M., and Phan Luu. "Spatial and temporal resolution of dense array electroencephalography." In 2014 IEEE 11th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2014). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isbi.2014.6868052.

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Zhou, Yue, Wei Xu, Hai Tao, and Yihong Gong. "Background Segmentation Using Spatial-Temporal Multi-Resolution MRF." In 2005 Seventh IEEE Workshops on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV/MOTION'05). IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acvmot.2005.32.

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Wilhelmi, Bernd. "Optical systems with high temporal and spatial resolution." In 16th Congress of the International Commission for Optics: Optics as a Key to High Technology. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2308465.

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Abedin, Sayed Joinal Hossain, and Haroon Stephen. "Relating DEM Spatial Resolution and Hyetograph Temporal Resolution to Flood Modeling Accuracy." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479162.256.

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Vandal, Thomas, Evan Kodra, Sangram Ganguly, Andrew Michaelis, Ramakrishna Nemani, and Auroop R. Ganguly. "Generating High Resolution Climate Change Projections through Single Image Super-Resolution: An Abridged Version." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/759.

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The impacts of climate change are felt by most critical systems, such as infrastructure, ecological systems, and power-plants. However, contemporary Earth System Models (ESM) are run at spatial resolutions too coarse for assessing effects this localized. Local scale projections can be obtained using statistical downscaling, a technique which uses historical climate observations to learn a low-resolution to high-resolution mapping. The spatio-temporal nature of the climate system motivates the adaptation of super-resolution image processing techniques to statistical downscaling. In our work, we present DeepSD, a generalized stacked super resolution convolutional neural network (SRCNN) framework with multi-scale input channels for statistical downscaling of climate variables. A comparison of DeepSD to four state-of-the-art methods downscaling daily precipitation from 1 degree (~100km) to 1/8 degrees (~12.5km) over the Continental United States. Furthermore, a framework using the NASA Earth Exchange (NEX) platform is discussed for downscaling more than 20 ESM models with multiple emission scenarios.

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Zhong, Kai, Zhongwei Li, Xiaohui Zhou, Guomin Zhan, XingJian Liu, Yusheng Shi, and Congjun Wang. "Real-time 3D shape measurement system with full temporal resolution and spatial resolution." In IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging, edited by Atilla M. Baskurt and Robert Sitnik. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2039340.

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Reports on the topic "Spatial and temporally resolution"

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Hallen, Hans D. Spatial & Temporal Resolution in Near-Field Optical Microscopy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada358134.

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Tieszen, S. R., T. J. O`Hern, R. W. Schefer, and L. D. Perea. Spatial and temporal resolution of fluid flows: LDRD final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/576135.

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Davis, Christopher C. Instrumentation for Ultrahigh Resolution Temporal and Spatial Studies of Materials and Devices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391908.

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Guildenbecher, Daniel, Yi Mazumdar, Justin Wagner, Thomas Reichardt, Marco Arienti, and Kathryn Hoffmeister. Experiments Simulations and Diagnostics for Spatial and Temporal Resolution of Liquid Atomization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1761811.

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D'Spain, Gerald L. Analysis of High Spatial, Temporal, and Directional Resolution Recordings of Biological Sounds in the Southern California Bight. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada598667.

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D'Spain, Gerald L. Analysis of High Spatial, Temporal, and Directional Resolution Recordings of Biological Sounds in the Southern California Bight. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada573472.

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D'Spain, Gerald L. Analysis of High Spatial, Temporal, and Directional Resolution Recordings of Biological Sounds in the Southern California Bight. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada618045.

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Hayward, Jason, and Michael Moore. Neutron Scattering Instrumentation Research and Development for High Spatial and Temporal Resolution Imaging at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1601767.

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Brodie, Katherine, Ian Conery, Nicholas Cohn, Nicholas Spore, and Margaret Palmsten. Spatial variability of coastal foredune evolution, part A : timescales of months to years. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41322.

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Coastal foredunes are topographically high features that can reduce vulnerability to storm-related flooding hazards. While the dominant aeolian, hydrodynamic, and ecological processes leading to dune growth and erosion are fairly well-understood, predictive capabilities of spatial variations in dune evolution on management and engineering timescales (days to years) remain relatively poor. In this work, monthly high-resolution terrestrial lidar scans were used to quantify topographic and vegetation changes over a 2.5 year period along a micro-tidal intermediate beach and dune. Three-dimensional topographic changes to the coastal landscape were used to investigate the relative importance of environmental, ecological, and morphological factors in controlling spatial and temporal variability in foredune growth patterns at two 50 m alongshore stretches of coast. Despite being separated by only 700 m in the alongshore, the two sites evolved differently over the study period. The northern dune retreated landward and lost volume, whereas the southern dune prograded and vertically accreted. The largest differences in dune response between the two sections of dunes occurred during the fall storm season, when each of the systems’ geomorphic and ecological properties modulated dune growth patterns. These findings highlight the complex eco-morphodynamic feedback controlling dune dynamics across a range of spatial scales.

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Weiss, Paul S. Subnanometer Spatial Resolution Chemical Imaging. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1461754.

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