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Academic literature on the topic 'Spatial distribution of heavy metals'

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Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 7 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Spatial distribution of heavy metals"

Sun, Jianwei, Mengchan Chen, Jingrou Xiao, et al. "Exploring the Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Urban Soil Heavy Metals in Different Levels of Urbanization." Agronomy 15, no. 2 (2025): 418. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15020418.

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With the development of urbanization and industrialization worldwide, soil heavy metal pollution has become a critical and pressing environmental problem in urban areas. Soil heavy metals exhibit complex and varying spatial aggregation and diffusion processes within diverse urban landscapes, especially in different urban areas with varying urbanization levels. However, many existing experimental methods and conventional models overlook the crucial aspects of spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity between soil heavy metals and influencing factors. This neglect poses significant environmental concerns, as rapid monitoring of soil heavy metals and accurate identification of their determinants become imperative. This study investigated four environmentally sensitive and potentially harmful soil heavy metals, arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb), in two urban areas in China with varying urbanization levels. Enshi (a prefecture-level city) and Wuhan (a provincial capital city) were selected for comparison of the spatially variable relationships between soil heavy metals and their influencing factors. We employed a global stepwise linear regression (STR) model and a local spatial model-geographically weighted regression (GWR) to map the spatial distribution of soil heavy metals based on 121 auxiliary variables, including terrain, geophysical, socioeconomic factors, and remote sensing data. Our results showed that: (1) soil heavy metals exhibited strong spatial aggregation in the prefecture-level city (Enshi) but, nonetheless, have strong spatial heterogeneity in the provincial capital city (Wuhan) due to elevated anthropogenic disturbances; (2) GWR accurately mapped the spatial distributions of As (r = 0.47 and 0.66), Cd (r = 0.74 and 0.53), Cu (r = 0.60 and 0.54), and Pb (r = 0.44 and 0.50) based on auxiliary variables in different cities and also can clearly reveal the spatially variable relationships with main influence factors; (3) human activities were the primary driving factors influencing As and Pb, while natural environment variables were identified as the main potential sources of Cd and Cu. This study demonstrates a methodology to explore spatially variable characteristics of soil heavy metals and their spatial varying relationships with influence factors. The comparative analysis between two cities provides insights that can greatly enhance quantitative source apportionment and support sustainable management strategies for controlling soil heavy metal pollution across varied urban environments.

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Dabaibeh, Reem Naser. "Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Al-Zarqa, Jordan." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 21, no. 2 (2021): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.58304.

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Al-Zarqa is experiencing challenges in industry conversion and extensive urbanization. The environmental quality of soil in the Al-Zarqa region was analyzed by Spatial analysis for the identification of sources and estimation of the concentration of heavy metals, which helped in the assessment of soil quality and heavy metal pollution. The reason for the elevation of heavy metal pollution is increased urbanization, industrialization, traffic, oil refinery emissions, and mixed anthropogenic sources in that region. The main objective of this research was to assess the ecological impact of heavy metals pollutants in the Al-Zarqa region. The concentrations of (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Fe) were estimated and compared with the existing literature. The distribution pattern of each metal was identified by spatial distribution analysis. Results revealed that metals concentration (Cd, Cr, and Ni) is higher, and the concentration of Pb, Zn, and Cu is less than the maximum allowed limits. Factor analysis identified the potential sources of heavy metals in the investigated area, and spatial distribution showed the geographical distribution of heavy metals over the study area. Consequently, it is better than showing only the individual point concentration without identifying their potential sources and their geographical variations.

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Tian, Mi, Xueqiu Wang, Jian Zhou, et al. "Temporal–Spatial Distributions and Influencing Factors of Heavy Metals As, Cd, Pb, and Zn in Alluvial Soils on a Regional Scale in Guangxi, China." Minerals 13, no. 8 (2023): 1107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13081107.

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Understanding the temporal–spatial distribution and influencing factors of heavy metals on a regional scale is crucial for assessing the anthropogenic impacts and natural variations in elemental geochemical behavior. This study evaluated the spatial distributions of the heavy metals As, Cd, Pb, and Zn as well as the driving mechanisms over the past 31 years in Guangxi, China, using three geochemical baseline projects (the Environmental Geochemical Monitoring Network Project (EGMON) project 1992–1996; the Geochemical Baseline (CGB) 1 project 2008–2012; and the CGB2 project 2015–2019). By calculating the variable importance using the random forest algorithm, it was found that natural factors are the primary drivers of the spatial distribution of heavy metals in the EGMON project, especially precipitation for As, the digital elevation model (DEM) for Cd and Pb, and temperature for Zn. Surface alluvial soils showed obvious heavy metal enrichment in the CGB1 project, with the gross domestic product (GDP) driving the spatial distribution of all heavy metals. In addition, the anomalous intensity and range of heavy metals in the CGB2 project decreased significantly compared with the CGB1 project, especially owing to the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) as a positive anthropogenic factor that improves the degree of rocky desertification, thus reducing the heavy metal contents of As and Pb, and the precipitation promoting the decomposition of Fe–Mn concretions and thus the migration of Cd and Zn. This research promotes an understanding of anthropogenic and natural influences on the spatiotemporal distribution of heavy metals and is of great significance for environmental monitoring and governance.

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Daniel Maramis, Stefan, Rika Ernawati, and Waterman Sulistyana Bargawa. "Distribution Analysis of Heavy Metal Contaminants in Soil With Geostatistic Methods; Paper Review." Eduvest - Journal Of Universal Studies 1, no. 7 (2021): 620–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/edv.v1i7.111.

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Heavy metal contaminants in the soil will have a direct effect on human life. The spatial distribution of naturally occurring heavy metals is highly heterogeneous and significantly increased concentrations may be present in the soil at certain locations. Heavy metals in areas of high concentration can be distributed to other areas by surface runoff, groundwater flow, weathering and atmospheric cycles (eg wind, sea salt spray, volcanic eruptions, deposition by rivers). More and more people are now using a combination of geographic information science (GIS) with geostatistical statistical analysis techniques to examine the spatial distribution of heavy metals in soils on a regional scale. The most widely used geostatistical methods are the Inverse Distance Weighted, Kriging, and Spatial Autocorrelation methods as well as other methods. This review paper will explain clearly the source of the presence of heavy metals in soil, geostatistical methods that are often used, as well as case studies on the use of geostatistics for the distribution of heavy metals. The use of geostatistical models allows us to accurately assess the relationship between the spatial distribution of heavy metals and other parameters in a map.

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Daniel Maramis, Stefan, Rika Ernawati, and Waterman Sulistyana Bargawa. "Distribution Analysis of Heavy Metal Contaminants in Soil With Geostatistic Methods; Paper Review." Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies 1, no. 7 (2021): 620–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v1i7.111.

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Erbes, S. "Heavy metals spatial distribution in soil ecosystem components roadside territories." Bulletin of Science and Practice 4, no. 7 (2018): 179–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1312205.

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The accumulation and spatial distribution of some heavy metals in the soil is the component of the ecosystems of roadside territories. The processes of accumulation and spatial distribution are considered taking into account the buffer capacity of the traffic flow. Analysis of the buffer capacity of soils in relation to the accumulation of heavy metals is performed using the parameters of the particle size distribution, humus content, pH level. Chemical methods of investigation were used, description of roadside phytocenoses was performed. The analysis of the vertical and horizontal distribution of a number of heavy metals is performed, which showed certain regularities, which are reflected in the conclusion of the work. The greatest differences between the values in the content of mobile forms of heavy metals are the ones for zinc and lead.

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Li, Shuang, Yi Ming Liu, and Yuan Yuan Sun. "Spatial Distribution and Pollution Evaluation of Heavy Metals of Surface Sediments in Nansi Lake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (July 2014): 804–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.804.

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The heavy metals contents of 29 samples were tested in Nansi Lake which was divided into 5 parts. The heavy metals included Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn and As. The spatial distribution of heavy metals of 5 Lakes region has been received. The pollution of heavy metals was with evaluated with Igeo and RI. The results showed that: Nasi Lake has been polluted by heavy metals in middle level, and As, Hg, Cd and Pb were more serious. The heavy metals pollution of the part in north were more serious than in south, except the As and Cd. Overall, the heavy metals pollution in the north Zhaoyang Lake was the most serious, followed by the Nanyang Lake, Weishan Lake, Dushan Lake and the south Zhaoyang Lake.

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Chi, Yangyang, Jiayi Wang, Jiale Bi, et al. "Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Yangtze River, Poyang Lake and Its Tributaries: Spatial Distribution, Relationship Analysis and Source Apportionment." Water 17, no. 9 (2025): 1295. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17091295.

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The concentration, spatial distribution characteristics, river–lake relationship analysis and source apportionment of heavy metals in the sediments of the Yangtze River, Poyang Lake and its tributaries were studied in this work. Heavy metals were detected more frequently in the sediments of the Yangtze River compared with the sediments of Poyang Lake and its tributaries. V, Cr, Pb and Ni were the dominant heavy metals in Poyang lake, with V being the most abundant in the lower Yangtze River, Poyang Lake and its tributaries. As, Cu, Ni and V showed similar distribution patterns, with a fan-shaped increasing trend in the southwestern area of Poyang Lake. The spatial distribution of Cr, Hg, Pb and Cd showed a large spatial variability with a decreasing distribution from the northwest to the southeast of the lake. The heavy metals in the sediments of Poyang Lake are related to those in its tributaries. The organic matter, oxidation-reduction potential and depth of sediments are correlated with the heavy metals in sediments. Mining, industrial and road traffic sources were the main sources of heavy metals in the study area. Except for Cd and Hg, most heavy metals in Poyang Lake exhibited a low ecological risk in an environmental evaluation. The results of this study might guide future studies on heavy metals in the sediments of Poyang Lake.

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Magno, J. L., and W. Budianta. "Spatial distribution and pattern of heavy metals in urban soils of Yogyakarta, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1071, no. 1 (2022): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1071/1/012032.

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Abstract Heavy metals contamination is becoming a global problem in urban areas. With that, understanding spatial distribution and pattern of heavy metals in urban soils is a crucial step toward sustainable urban development. This study intends to assess the spatial distribution and pattern of four heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd) in Yogyakarta City outward in the boundaries of Sleman and Bantul Regencies. In relation, we utilized geostatistical method Empirical Bayesian Kriging (EBK) then correlated to Land Cover/Use data for the spatial analysis of heavy metals concentration. The degree of contamination was quantified using indices - PI (Pollution Index), Igeo (Geo-accumulation Index), and PLI (Pollution Load Index). We show that by analysing the Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd elements of 168 urban soils samples collected, Yogyakarta City, a densely populated area, serves as a place of heavy metals contamination hotspots. Pb and Cu is posed as moderately contaminated, whereas Zn and Cd is considered as uncontaminated (as majority of Zn and Cd values does not exceed the background values). But in overlapping consideration of four heavy metals contamination, they are classified as moderately contaminated (PLI=1.10). In summary, heavy metals contamination in soils varies as a function of urbanization.

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Nurcholis, Mohammad, Dwi Fitri Yudiantoro, Darban Haryanto, and Abdurrachman Mirzam. "Heavy Metals Distribution in the Artisanal Gold Mining Area in Wonogiri." Indonesian Journal of Geography 49, no. 2 (2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.15321.

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Artisanal and small gold mining activity in Wonogiri Regency has long been done with problems on environmental quality. This study was aimed to analyze the levels and spatial distribution of heavy metals in the mining area. Survey of mining and amalgamation sites, sampling the soil and tailings had been conducted. There were 66 samples of soil and tailing were collected, analysis of heavy Fe, Mn, Pb, Hg, As and Co, using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Normal distribution test of data was conducted using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro Wilk. The spatial distribution of heavy metals was described using Krigging method. Contents of most heavy metals in the area studied were high, except for Co. According to the distribution pattern of heavy metals indicated that the contamination caused by the mining.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Spatial distribution of heavy metals"

Liberti, Michael F. "Spatial distribution of heavy metals in Center Township, Delaware County surface soils." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1115430.

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Numerous urban soils surrounding industrial and metallurgical facilities in the U.S. are contaminated with metals including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni). Simplified geochemical mapping requires soil sampling and analysis for the presence of heavy metals from a grid pattern within a geographic area. In this study, a contour map of metal concentrations at two depths was subsequently superimposed over a standard political map to indicate areas of elevated metal concentrations in the soil. Natural levels of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Ni in Delaware County soils were determined to be 114.2 mg/kg, 0.14 mg/kg, 29.3 mg/kg, 88.4 mg/kg, 9.0 mg/kg, and 39.8 mg/kg, respectively. The average concentrations of metals found throughout Muncie, 203.9 mg/kg Pb, 39.2 mg/kg Cu, 275.4 mg/kg Zn, 9.7 mg/kg Cr, and 25.0 mg/kg Ni, were compared with natural levels to determine the extent of heavy metal pollution from atmospheric deposition. From the geographic mapping of metal concentrations, the effect of past industrial processes on possible contamination of soils by metals in Muncie, Indiana, was determined. Metals were also be fractionated in order to assess the percentage which is potentially bioavailable.<br>Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

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Kampezidou, Dimitra. "Spatial distribution of heavy metals in surface marine sediments in the Mediterranean region." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-111066.

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Several scientific articles were mainly reviewed from Umeå’ s university database in order to determine the distribution, degree of contamination, and the sources of 7 selected heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Ni) in surface sediments along the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. The Enrichment factor (EF) was used as pollution indicator to evaluate the extent of metal contamination in all the investigated areas. According to Abrahim and Parker (2008) the EF is defined as the ratio of the determined metal to Al (or Fe) in the sample divided by the ratio of background metal to background Al (or Fe) ratio. According to the results of this study, EF values for Cr, Pb, Cu, Cd and Ni presented an upward trend along the west to east shoreline of the Mediterranean sea, whereas Zn and Hg EF values showed a downward trend along this region. Cr generally exhibited no enrichment in places to the west (EF<1.5) whereas in the eastern side displayed moderate enrichment (EF=1.95). Pb EF values showed moderate enrichment (EF=5) along the western section of the sea, whilst in the eastern part revealed significant enrichment (5.45). Zn pollution levels were minimal (EF=1.6) in places to the west and moderate (EF=2.2) to the east. The enrichment for Cd was considered moderate in the western part of the basin and significant in the eastern section. These heavy metals distribution can be explained by the fact that different inputs (mainly due to anthropogenic activities) from the inshore environment may take place in each area of the sea. However, Cu and Ni presented the same degree of pollution (moderate) in the whole sea, presumably indicating similar Cu and Ni inputs from the terrestrial environment. However, conclusions for Hg were not possible to be drawn as the collected data were not sufficient.

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Benamer, Mustafa Alarabi. "Chemical speciation and spatial distribution of heavy metals and their adsorption onto sediments of the Berg River, Western Cape, South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13167.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>The Berg River, Western Cape, South Africa, is an example of a catchment region where human pressures and conservation of natural resources collide. The river receives effluents from two large settlements and several smaller adjacent villages, including that of industrial and extensive agricultural activity. The estuary is one of the largest in South Africa and rated as the third most important conservation zone in the country. In this study, the chemical speciation of heavy metals in the river sediment was determined in order to evaluate the extent of pollution. Chemical speciation using sequential chemical extraction of sediment samples was used to measure the mobility and bioavailability of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn). The metals Cd and Zn were found to be the most mobile and bioavailable. The study also examined the vertical distribution of heavy metals in estuarine sediment cores to evaluate the extent of heavy metal contamination with time and the degree to which heavy metals are influenced by other sedimentological parameters such as grain size, sediment composition and organic matter. Three sediment cores, ranging from 160 to 240 em long, were collected using a mechanical vibrating corer. The vertical distribution of metals in the cores showed that the metal concentration was higher at the top and middle of the cores. Based on the enrichment factor (EF) and anthropogenic factor (AF) values, it is suggested that the sediments of the estuary are not polluted with Co, Mn, Cu, Ni, Zn and Fe but moderately to highly polluted with Pb, As, Cd and Cr. The data reported provide a useful baseline for establishing heavy metal concentrations in the estuary and will be an important consideration in future sediment quality studies. The spatial distribution of the metals was also studied to understand how location is linked to metal concentration. The average concentration of metals in the core sediment increased with increasing distance from the mouth of the river. The adsorption behaviour of the estuary sediment with micro-pollutants has a significant influence on the environmental quality of estuary waters. For this reason, the absorption of Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn onto sediment was study. It was found that the sediments of the Berg River estuary have a low potential for absorption of Ni and Zn making these metals more mobile and bioavailable.

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Al-Ibrahim, Zahid Omar Mustafa. "Investigation of pollution coming from copper, lead, and zinc mining, and factors controlling mobility and bioavailability of pollutants at Ecton Hill, Staffordshire, UK." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621722.

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Former mining areas are well-known globally to be a significant anthropogenic source of contaminants being dispersed into the surrounding environment. Various human activities, including ore mineral mining, industrial activities, domestic waste production, and the agricultural application of fertilisers and pesticides, are likely to contribute to the release of huge amounts of potentially toxic metals into the ecosystem, which have harmful effects on the flora and fauna and on human health. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to evaluate the contamination that arises from some selected heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr, Ni, and V) in topsoil and floodplain samples from the Ecton mining area. Ecton Hill is located in the southern part of the Peak District, Staffordshire, England, and bounded by the River Manifold from the west. This area has been mined for sulphide minerals, which were extracted extensively from the 16th century until the mid-19th century; the area is currently being used for cattle rearing and agricultural purposes. Therefore, it would be worth finding out the extent to which the area has been polluted by the aforementioned metals. To this end, topsoil and floodplain samples were collected and analysed for their total concentrations using XRF technique and different granulometric classes (i.e. clay, silt, and sand) using a (Malvern Mastersizer Long Bed) laser granulometer with a presentation unit of MS-17. In addition, soil specific factors, including organic matter content, organic carbon, pH, Eh, and cation exchange capacity were also measured. Spatial distribution maps were constructed using a GIS approach for the metals studied over the study area. Contamination and ecological risk assessments were carried out via the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factors (EF) respectively. Moreover, collected soils for different land uses have been assessed using the UK government soil guidelines (i.e. ICRCL and CLEA's SGVs soil values). Furthermore, the bioavailability, leachability, and fractionation (using five-steps sequential extraction) of the metals in various soil phases were characterised using correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) approaches. The GIS- based spatial analysis maps reveal that elevated concentrations of the metals are located around the sites of the mining waste in the area. The contamination assessment results indicate that Cu, Pb, Zn have a contamination degree ranging between strongly contaminated (class 4) and extremely contaminated (class 6). The results of the ecological assessment by enrichment factor (EF) show that Pb has the highest enrichment factor. The bioavailability results of the heavy metals under study, via EDTA, show that Cu, Pb, Zn have the highest bioavailable fractions. The regression analysis demonstrates that Mn gives the best fit regression equation with the highest R2 value of 0.825. The leachability results reveal that, of the seven heavy metals, Zn has the highest leachable value, whereas the lowest leachable was recorded for Cr. Speciation was measured using the five-steps procedure, and the results show that Cu, Pb and Zn are mainly associated with the organic matter fraction, whilst, Cr, Ni and V are associated with the residual fraction. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that oxides of Fe/Al, organic matter, and the clay and silt fractions are the main soil parameters responsible for binding heavy metals to the soil surfaces of the study area. Changing the redox potential conditions and acidification was investigated and the results indicate that such changes have significant effects on the release of heavy metals from the soil particles at Ecton Hill.

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Andong, Omores Raissa. "Spatio-temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils in the vicinity of a petrochemical plant in Cape Town." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2432.

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Thesis (MTech (Chemistry))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.<br>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an alarming group of organic substances for humans and environmental organisms due to their ubiquitous presence, toxicity, and carcinogenicity. They are semi-volatile substances which result from the fusion of carbon and hydrogen atoms and constitute a large group of compounds containing two to several aromatic rings in their molecule. Natural processes and several anthropogenic activities involving complete or incomplete combustion of organic substances such as coal, fossil fuel, tobacco and other thermal processes, generally result in the release of the PAHs into the environment. However, the fate of the PAHs is of great environmental concern due to their tendency to accumulate and their persistence in different environmental matrices and their toxicity. Animal studies have revealed that an excessive exposure to PAHs can be harmful. Evidence of their carcinogenic, mutagenic, and immune-suppressive effects has been reported in the literature. In the soil environment, they have the tendency to be absorbed by plants grown on soil being contaminated by the PAHs. It is, therefore, important to evaluate their occurrence levels in different environmental matrices such as soil concentrations.

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FERNANDES-VANDERLEI, LAZARO. "Etude geochimique des sediments marins actuels d'une cote a plateau continental etroit : exemple des alpes maritimes." Nice, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NICE4120.

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On etudie les sediments recents de l'interface dans la baie des anges, la baie de villefranche-sur-mer et dans la reserve sous-marine du larvotto au large de monaco, afin de mettre en evidence les relations existant entre les processus diagenetiques et lithologiques d'une part et les proprietes physico-chimiques des sediments d'autre part. On observe en particulier la qualite de la matiere organique presente dans l'eau et les sediments ainsi que les relations entre m. O. Ou ses produits de desintegration et les metaux-traces. On analyse les variations spatio-temporelles des teneurs en sels nutritifs et en metaux-traces, leur differenciation en fonction des conditions d'oxydo-reduction. On determine les facteurs dominants controlant les processus geochimiques

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Milton, Adrian Mark. "Heavy metals in contaminated grassland ecosystems : distribution, transfer and effects." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266222.

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Napan, Katerine. "Distribution of Heavy Metals from Flue Gas in Algal Bioreactor." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4018.

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Algae are microscopic organisms with a great potential to produce biomass and lipids at productivities several times higher than terrestrial crops. To grow, these organisms consume carbon dioxide (CO2), a greenhouse gas. This gas, emitted primarily by power plants after coal burning, can be effectively used for algae production, thus resulting in CO2 remediation and biomass beneficial utilization as feedstuff, industrial filler and biodiesel feedstock. However, since coal is a fuel mined from the earth’s crust, it contains heavy metals that are released during coal burning and inevitably enter the algal cultivation system, contaminating the water were algae is grown, the algal biomass and the products derived from such biomass. The distribution of heavy metals from flue gas in algal cultivation systems is unknown, yet necessary to advance this industry. This study focused on quantifying the distribution and effects that ten coal-derived heavy metals (Cu, Co, Zn, Pb, As, Se, Cr, Hg, Ni and Cd) will have on algae strain Scenedesmus obliquus and on the potential products derived from this algae.

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Khandoker, Rafiqul Alam. "Distribution of Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in Soils of Southwest Oregon." PDXScholar, 1997. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4691.

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Soil samples from 118 sites on 71 geologic units in southwest Oregon were collected and analyzed to determine the background concentrations of metals in soils of the region. Sites were chosen in areas that were relatively undisturbed by human activities. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency approved total-recoverable method was used to recover metals from samples for analysis. The twenty six metals analyzed were: Ag, AI, As, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Tl, V and Zn. The Klamath Mountains followed by the Coast Range contain the highest soil concentrations of AI, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Ni, V and Zn. Soils of the Coastal Plain and High Lava Plains contain the lowest concentrations of these metals. Unusually high soil As concentrations are found at two sites in the Klamath Mountains. All Be and Cd values above laboratory's reporting limits are also from the Klamath Mountains and Coast Range. Concentrations of soil Ba and La are fairly uniform throughout the region. Soil Pb levels are generally low with a few exceptions in the Klamath Mountains, Coast and Cascade Ranges. The region west of the Cascade Range has higher soil Hg contents than in the east. Soil metal concentrations are generally much higher in the region west of the Cascade Range, excluding the Coastal Plain, than in the east with the exception ofNa, because of more ultramafic rocks and a wetter climate. Soil metal concentrations are directly related to soil development with the highest concentrations being found in well developed Alfisols and Ultisols and the lowest concentrations in poorly developed Entisols. Most metals have similar averages and ranges of concentration compared to the rest of the United States (U.S.). Metals with high values compared to the rest of the U.S. are Cr, Co, Cu, Mn and Ni. In general, AI, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, La, Li, Mg, Na, Ni, and V are concentrated in the B horizon while Ba, Ca, Hg, K, Mn, Pb and Zn are concentrated in the A horizon.

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Thums, Catherine Rosalie. "Geochemical associations and the spatial distribution of metals in urban soils." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8625.

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Books on the topic "Spatial distribution of heavy metals"

Paalman, Marcel. Processes affecting the distribution and speciation of heavy metals in the Rhine/Meuse Estuary. Facultiet Aardwetenschappen, Universiteit Utracht, 1997.

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universitet, Uppsala, ed. Heavy metals in Swedish forest lakes: Factors influencing the distribution in sediments. Uppsala University, 1988.

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Nuorteva, Pekka. Metal distribution patterns and forest decline: Seeking Achilles' heels for metals in Finnish forest biocoenoses. [Dept. of Environmental Conservation, University of Helsinki], 1990.

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Nuorteva, Pekka. Metal distribution patterns and forest decline: Seeking Achilles' heels for metals in Finnish forest biocoenoses. University Press, 1990.

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Salamanca, M. A. Heavy metal content and distribution in surface sediments from three areas of Chilean coast =: Contenido y distribución de metales pesados en sedimentos superficiales de tres áreas de la costa de Chile. Universidad de Concepción, 1988.

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Kawaharada, Madoka. X-ray study on the spatial distribution of heavy elements in hot plasmas associated with clusters of galaxies. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, 2007.

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Tanner, D. Q. Surface-water-quality assessment of the lower Kansas River basin, Kansas and Nebraska: Distribution of trace-element concentrations in dissolved and suspended phases, streambed sediment, and fish samples, May 1987 through April 1990. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Spatial distribution of heavy metals"

Li, Hui, Fengna Liang, Zijun Qin, Jinxin Zhang, Ku Wang, and Miaohua Jiang. "Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soil Based on Kriging Interpolation." In Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis and Applications. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5036-9_16.

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Amin, Heba A., Hadeer N. Saleh, Mohamed Y. Omar, Alaa R. Mostafa, and Younis E. Ebraham. "Spatial Distribution and Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution in Sediments of Tobruk Bay (Libya)." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36671-1_55.

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Mohd Akhir, Muhammad Fitri, Aqilah Azhar, Nor Azazi Zakaria, and Noor Aida Saad. "Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Heavy Metals Distribution in Surface Water of Perai River, Malaysia." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6022-4_29.

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Gargouri, Dorra, Annabi-Trabelsi Neila, Qusaie Karam, and Habib Ayadi. "Heavy Metals Spatial Distribution in Seawater, Suspended Particulate Matter, and Sediments in Gabes Gulf (Tunisia)." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions (2nd Edition). Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51210-1_100.

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Villa, N. "Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Seawater and Sediments from Coastal Areas of the Southeastern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina." In Metals in Coastal Environments of Latin America. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71483-2_5.

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Rajendiran, S., T. Basanta Singh, J. K. Saha, et al. "Spatial Distribution and Baseline Concentration of Heavy Metals in Swell–Shrink Soils of Madhya Pradesh, India." In Environmental Pollution. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5792-2_11.

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Aoyon, Ashif Adnan Khan, and Islam M. Rafizul. "Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals and Identifying Factors that Influence Soil Properties at Rajbandh Landfill Site in Khulna." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3826-1_11.

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Shen, Ruili, Jianping Li, Mingzheng Yang, Mingzhong Zeng, and Min Zhou. "Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Roadside Soils Based on Voronoi Diagram: A Case Study of Wuhan City." In Geo-Informatics in Resource Management and Sustainable Ecosystem. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45737-5_71.

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Han, Ling, Zhiheng Liu, Yuming Ning, and Zhongyang Zhao. "Spatial Distribution and Source Identification of Loess Heavy Metal Pollution in Northern Baoji, China." In Geo-informatics in Sustainable Ecosystem and Society. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7025-0_8.

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Sun, Qinqin, Meixue Luo, and Houde Ji. "Spatio-temporal distribution of the heavy metals pollution in the sediments of Minjiang Estuary." In Advances in Energy and Environment Research. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315212876-41.

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Conference papers on the topic "Spatial distribution of heavy metals"

Valujeva, Kristine, Jovita Pilecka-Ulcugaceva, Sindija Liepa, Oskars Purmalis, and Inga Grinfelde. "ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SNOW SAMPLES COLLECTED AT VARIOUS DISTANCES FROM ROAD SECTIONS: CASE STUDY JELGAVA." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/4.1/s19.49.

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The increasing flow of traffic passing through cities on a daily basis, especially those cities that have a difficult situation with bypass, raises concerns about the air quality in sections of the transport corridors, as well as in the city as a whole. Heavy metal pollution is a serious environmental concern, especially in urban and suburban areas where vehicle emissions contribute to air and soil pollution. The aim of the study is to assess the extent of heavy metal contamination in snow samples collected at different distances from roads in different areas of the city. Snow samples were collected from different distances (1 m; 50 m, 100 m) from the roadway to analyze the spatial distribution of heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn). Heavy metal concentrations were measured using the analytical method - inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The results revealed different levels of heavy metal pollution, with higher concentrations observed closer to the roadway compared to further away from the roadway. The maximum concentrations of chromium (15.4 ?g/l), copper (63.6 ?g/l), lead (19.5 ?g/l) and zinc (419.2 ?g/l) were observed at a distance of 1 m from the roadway. This spatial analysis provides valuable insight into the impact of vehicle emissions on heavy metal pollution and highlights the importance of mitigation measures to improve air quality and reduce environmental risks in urban environments.

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Wang, Xiu Hua, Hua Wang, Cui Cui He, Huan De Feng, and Ting Zhong Wang. "Distribution of Pb and Cd in Soil and Rice Systems of Se-Rich Area of Hainan Island." In 12th Annual International Conference on Material Science and Engineering. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-cxp1qn.

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Clarifying the distribution of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the soil of Hainan's Se-rich areas will not only provide a basis for the healthy and sustainable development of Hainan's Se-rich industry, but also provide ideas for Hainan's agricultural and food safety research. Using a method that combines field investigation and indoor analysis, with the help of geostatistics and spatial analysis technology, the concentration of Pb and Cd in the soil and rice in the area were studied. The Cd in the cultivated soil layer of the arableland in the area is lower than the first-level standard of our country's soil environmental quality standards, and the soil Pb content is slightly higher than the first-level standard. The overall ecological risk is low. Pb and Cd in polished rice are 0.14 and 0.11 mg/kg respectively. The concentrations distribution of lead and cadmium in rice is: straw > polished rice. Heavy metals are more likely to accumulate in non-edible parts such as straw.

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a Al-Zurf, Sadiq, Sadiq Alausawi, Ali A. Abojassim, Hussien zahed, and Kifah Almusa. "Temporal and spatial variation of some heavy metals in limnology environment." In Fifth International Conference on Green Energy, Environment, and Sustainable Development, edited by Mohammadreza Aghaei, Hongyu Ren, and Xiaoshuan Zhang. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3044245.

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Garces, Daniel, Yolanda Sanchez-Palencia, Samantha Jimenez, and Juan Llamas. "ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BASINS OF THE MINING DISTRICT OF PONCE ENRIQUEZ (ECUADOR)." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/1.1/s01.09.

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Camilo Ponce Enriquez is in the southwest coastal zone of Ecuador, and it is surrounded by 4 river basins (Gala, Tenguel, Siete and Pagua) with an area of 1,780 km2. Mining has been the main economic activity since 1980 and is classified as Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining Activity. However, since 2000s there is evidence of contamination by heavy metals in water and sediments due to irregular mining practices and inefficiency environmental�s regulations. Despite the evidence, there are not enough scientific studies, and few reports are published about chemistry and contamination. The study goal is to analyze 333 river sediments samples taken from the four river basins, using geostatistical and geochemical methods, to determinate possible correlations and associations between contaminant elements. Samples were analyzed for 35 elements (Ag, Al, As, Au, Ba, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Hg, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sc, Sr, Te, Ti, Tl, V, W, Y, Zn, Zr). The elements results were studied using univariate statistical methods, Spearman's Ordinal Correlation, factor analysis using PCA, and cluster analysis using Ward�s method. The results evidence nine elements (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Sc, Ti and V) with significant correlations (r ? 0.5). The strongest correlation is V-Fe (0.91), followed by V-Ti, Ni-Co and Ni-Cr and Sc-Co (r ? 0.8). The correlation in the V, Fe, Ni, Cr elements are related with orthomagmatic deposits. Also, V and Ti are related to titanium and iron oxides mainly in mafic deposits, which could be associated with the Pallatanga Fm. The factor analysis identified five groups of elements that are comparable to the Goldschmidt classification, where the groups are related with arsenopyrite, oxy-hydroxides, mafic and porphyry deposits. The cluster analysis revealed four groups, where the spatial distribution matched with the contamination level areas in the Siete, Tenguel and Gala River basins. The results provide an environmental baseline against which the impacts of anthropogenic activities (including mining) may be assessed. A basis for the formulation of sediment quality criteria and for the identification of natural geochemical hazards is also provided.

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Zhang, Luqi, Fang Geng, Yayi Liao, et al. "Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Heavy Rainfall in Zhejiang Province." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Smart Internet of Things (SmartIoT). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/smartiot62235.2024.00074.

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Nanayakkara, CJ, N. Partheepan, MY Kumarapperuma, and NP Ratnayake. "Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Negombo Lagoon, Sri Lanka." In International Symposium on Earth Resources Management & Environment. Department of Earth Resources Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/iserme.2022.10.

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Heavy metals accumulate in the sediments of aquatic environments due to poor water solubility. Their toxic effect poses a significant threat to living organisms. Negombo Lagoon, a vital aquatic ecosystem in Sri Lanka, has become vulnerable to heavy metals mainly from urbanization-related anthropogenic activities. Previous research in this respect has sampling points restricted to the boundary area. Since the heavy metal concentration is a static parameter, continuous research needs to keep the data updated. This study aims to investigate the spatial distribution of several heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Co, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb) in the surficial sediment of the Negombo Lagoon. Fifteen grab sediment samples were collected from the lagoon and analyzed for heavy metal concentration and grain size. The range of concentrations of each metal in test samples were between (78.07 - 222.68 mg/kg) Cr, (376.7-1298.05 mg/kg) Ni, (15.875-43.74 mg/kg) Co, (32.45-112.79 mg/kg) Cu, (20.17-55.81 mg/kg) As, (0.30-1.4 mg/kg) Cd, and (16.57-70.97 mg/kg) Pb. Heavy metal concentrations and sediment grain sizes show significant spatial variation over the Negombo lagoon area. Heavy metals were highly concentrated in locations, where finer sediments are accumulated (i.e., towards the eastern and southern part of the lagoon). Heavy metal concentrations were found to be increased with the decreasing grain size. High heavy metal concentrations are also found at places where there is a river discharge. Among the sources which feed heavy metals into Negombo Lagoon anthropogenic activities such as municipal and industrial waste disposal, rapid urbanization, shipping, and naval activities etc. have a significant impact.

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Hayat, Boudia. "Spatial Distribution and Contamination of Heavy Metals in Soils of Arzew Algeria." In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment. openjournals ugent, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/ichmet.71218.

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Li, Yu-Hua, Hong-Bin Liu, and Wei Wu. "Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soil in Wutan, China." In 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology, ESIAT. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esiat.2009.334.

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Amirgaliyev, Nariman. "SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF HEAVY METALS IN SNOW COVER FOR ALMATY AGGLOMERATION." In 19th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference EXPO Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/5.1/s20.084.

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Altan, Metin, Ömer Ayyildiz, Semra Malkoç, Berna Yazici, and Savaş Koparal. "Developing Heavy Metal Pollution Map with Multifactor Contributed." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Environment. Optica Publishing Group, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orse.2010.pdotua3.

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In this study, a detailed investigation has been conducted to understand the contamination characteristics and distributions of heavy metal pollution in terms of contributions of the heavy metal concentrations as mg/kg of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Fe and Mn in the urban soil in Eskişehir city center. The amount of these heavy metals were determined from 15 soil sample points collected within urban area and every sample point included 6 separated samples for chemical analyses. The results indicated that concentration values of all metals except Ni and Cr in soils were below the risky limit pollution values. Spatial distribution maps were created and recoded, in terms of these heavy metals concentrations as contribution to heavy metal pollution in soil, through Geographical Information Systems techniques.

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Reports on the topic "Spatial distribution of heavy metals"

Khandoker, Rafiqul. Distribution of Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in Soils of Southwest Oregon. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6575.

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Dasberg, Shmuel, Jan W. Hopmans, Larry J. Schwankl, and Dani Or. Drip Irrigation Management by TDR Monitoring of Soil Water and Solute Distribution. United States Department of Agriculture, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568095.bard.

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Drip irrigation has the potential of high water use efficiency, but actual water measurement is difficult because of the limited wetted volume. Two long-term experiments in orchards in Israel and in California and several field crop studies supported by this project have demonstrated the feasibility of precise monitoring of soil water distribution for drip irrigation in spite of the limited soil wetting. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) enables in situ measurement of soil water content of well defined small volumes. Several approaches were tried in monitoring the soil water balance in the field during drip irrigation. These also facilitated the estimation of water uptake: 1. The use of multilevel moisture probe TDR system. This approach proved to be of limited value because of the extremely small diameter of measurement. 2. The placement of 20 cm long TDR probes at predetermined distances from the drippers in citrus orchards. 3. Heavy instrumentation with neutron scattering access tubes and tensiometers of a single drip irrigated almond tree. 4. High resolution spatial and temporal measurements (0.1m x 0.1m grid) of water content by TDR in corn irrigated by surface and subsurface drip. The latter approach was accompanied by parametric modelling of water uptake intensity patterns by corn roots and superimposed with analytical solutions for water flow from point and line sources. All this lead to general and physically based suggestions for the placement of soil water sensors for scheduling drip irrigation.

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Li, Jiangxia, Liangmei Chen, Qinku Zhang, et al. Coupling electrokinetics and phytoremediation to remove uranium from contaminated soil : a laboratory pilot-scale study. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2025. https://doi.org/10.21079/11681/49631.

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Uranium is a naturally occurring trace element and radionuclide. Uranium is introduced to the environment anthropogenically because of industrial, military, and nuclear energy activities. The approach of coupled electrokinetic phytoremediation has been used to remove other heavy metals from contaminated soil. The objectives here are to investigate the distribution and solubility of uranium in soils with UO₂, UO, and uranyl, and examine the processes of coupled electrokinetic phytoremediation in removing U from soils with perennial ryegrass at a laboratory pilot scale. A low-intensity direct electric current field was applied to the contaminated soil for 7 d at 8 h·d⁻¹ after ryegrass was grown for 2 weeks, then, polarity reversal was employed for another 7 d at 8 h·d⁻¹. The uranium redistribution took place among various solid-phase components due to changes in the pH and chemistry of the electrolyte solution. The electrokinetic field increased the U bioavailability in soils as water-soluble U and exchangeable U in contaminated soils with all U species. Thus, the EKF significantly increased the U uptake and bioaccumulation by ryegrass. The current laboratory pilot-scale test confirmed our previous observation from the pot greenhouse study–the coupled electrokinetic phytoremediation may have potential for application in remediating U-contaminated sites.

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