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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spatial occupancy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

Bleki, Zolisa. "Efficient Bayesian analysis of spatial occupancy models." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32469.

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Species conservation initiatives play an important role in ecological studies. Occupancy models have been a useful tool for ecologists to make inference about species distribution and occurrence. Bayesian methodology is a popular framework used to model the relationship between species and environmental variables. In this dissertation we develop a Gibbs sampling method using a logit link function in order to model posterior parameters of the single-season spatial occupancy model. We incorporate the widely used Intrinsic Conditional Autoregressive (ICAR) prior model to specify the spatial rando

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2

Payne, D. B. "High speed object recognition from 3-D range and intensity data." Thesis, Coventry University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354352.

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SHETTEL-NEUBER, MARY JOYCE. "ZOO EXHIBIT DESIGN: A POST-OCCUPANCY EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF ANIMAL ENCLOSURES." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188163.

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The present study, in contrast with previous work that has isolated one or two important factors influencing the status of the zoo, considered the three important zoo reference groups--animals, visitors, and staff members--and their interrelationships within the zoo environment. Two approaches were used to investigate the system of interactions within the zoo. First, an in-depth examination of a new set of naturalistic exhibits was performed. Second, a comparison of two of these naturalistic exhibits with two older, sterile exhibits which housed the same species at the same zoo was made. Multi

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Parvin, Afroza. "Multilevel spatial system and pedestrian movement a study of large residential-commerical complexes in Hong Kong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42841525.

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5

Goličnik, Barbara. "People in place : a configuration of physical form and the dynamic patterns of spatial occupancy in urban open public space." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8201.

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This thesis is a critical inquiry about the spatial relationships between occupancy and the physical structure of squares and parks in city centres. It focuses on usability and the spatial capacity of places, from two different angles. Firstly, it discusses the actual uses mapped in places, using repeated observation on different days, times and weather conditions. This results in empirical knowledge about dimensions and spatial requirements, especially for some long-stay active uses, such as ball games in parks and skateboarding in squares, and how long-stay passive uses, such as sitting, mig

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Kane, Mamadou Daha. "Estimating abundance, density, and occupancy of lion, leopard and serval in the Niokolo Koba National Park in Senegal." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64421.

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Carnivore are undoubtedly among the most threatened of the mammal species in Africa because of the low density at which they occur and their large home range requirements that do not match with human propensity to develop and alter wildlife habitat. However, the degree of threat is unevenly distributed within the continent, with western and central African carnivores being the most threatened and the least studied. I estimated population size, density, and proportion of area occupied in relation to environmental factors of one medium-size (serval – Leptailurus serval) and two large carnivores

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Lesmeister, Damon B. "FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL STRUCTURE OF A CARNIVORE GUILD IN THE CENTRAL HARDWOOD REGION." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/686.

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Ecological communities are most commonly structured by a mixture of bottom-up processes such as habitat or prey, competition within the same trophic level, and top-down forces from higher trophic levels. Carnivore guilds play a vital role in the broader ecological community by stabilizing or destabilizing food webs. Consequently, factors influencing the structure of carnivore guilds can be critical to patterns in ecosystems. Coyotes (Canis latrans), bobcats (Lynx rufus), gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), raccoons (Procyon lotor), red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), and striped skunks (Mephitis mep

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Cassel, Kevin William. "FACTORS INFLUENCING SITE OCCUPANCY OF BREEDING BIRDS, HERPTILES, MESOCARNIVORES, AND SMALL MAMMALS ON SUBURBAN FOREST PRESERVES IN THE CHICAGO METROPOLITAN AREA." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1563.

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Wildlife in urban settings are a management challenge because wildlife populations and their habitats are often fragmented and degraded, but natural resource managers need information concerning their spatial distribution, spatial turnover, and spatial co-occurrence while accounting for imperfect detection. Based in the Chicago Metropolitan Area during 2009-2012, my study modeled 23 species across 5 wildlife taxa concerning patterns of site occupancy, spatial turnover (i.e., colonization and extinction), and/or spatial co-occurrence at 1-2 spatial scales. In detail, I investigated: (1) detec

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9

Li, You. "Stereo vision and LIDAR based Dynamic Occupancy Grid mapping : Application to scenes analysis for Intelligent Vehicles." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00982325.

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Intelligent vehicles require perception systems with high performances. Usually, perception system consists of multiple sensors, such as cameras, 2D/3D lidars or radars. The works presented in this Ph.D thesis concern several topics on cameras and lidar based perception for understanding dynamic scenes in urban environments. The works are composed of four parts.In the first part, a stereo vision based visual odometry is proposed by comparing several different approaches of image feature detection and feature points association. After a comprehensive comparison, a suitable feature detector and

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Van, der Horst Shirley Therese. "Road and landscape fragmentation effects on tawny owls: density, population trend, and intra-and inter-year territory occupancy." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/21237.

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A urbanização é um dos maiores factores que impulsiona mudanças na paisagem e na biodiversidade e os seus efeitos ainda não são entendidos na totalidade. Apesar da coruja-do-mato (Strix aluco) não estar ameaçada a nível europeu ou global, é uma das aves que é frequentemente encontrada atropelada no sul de Portugal. Determinámos que a densidade de coruja-do-mato era mais baixa perto de estradas principais, com pouca diferença entre secundárias e de terra, mas a tendência populacional era negativa em estradas secundárias e principais. As variações inter e intra-anuais da presença de coruja- do-m

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Blanc, Laetitia. "Dynamique des populations d’espèces rares et élusives : le lynx boréal en Europe." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS045.

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Rares, discrets, fascinants et sanguinaires sont autant d'adjectifs utilisés en Europe pour qualifier les grands carnivores qui arpentent nos forêts. La dégradation de leur habitat et la raréfaction de leurs proies, associées au folklore qui les entoure, ont engendré de nombreux conflits avec l'Homme et les ont menés à disparaître de la plupart de leurs aires historiques de répartition. Depuis, ces espèces ont le statut d'espèces protégées dans la plupart des pays européens. Ce statut est notamment garanti pour la plupart par la Directive Habitat et la convention de Berne. Ces textes législati

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Marroquim, Flávia Maria Guimarães. "Avaliação pós-ocupação de unidades residenciais modificadas de um conjunto habitacional em Maceió-AL: flexibilidade, dimensionamento e funcionalidade dos ambientes." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2007. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/673.

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residents because of functional, symbolic or economical aspects. Those modifications almost always evidence the lack discordance between the original architectural project and the answers to their users' needs. It is verified that frequently the modifications have negative on the functionality and in the habitability of those houses, especially with regard to the resulting environmental comfort. In that context, the present work analyzed the flexibility, the dimensions and the space functionality of modified residential units of Conjunto Habitacional Osman Loureiro implanted in Maceió-Alagoas,

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Santulli, Sanzo Giulla. "Occupancy, abundance, potential dislribution and spatial competitíon of the critically endangered European mink (Mustela lutreola) and the invasive non-native American mink (Neovison vison) in the lberian Peninsula." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/286470.

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The target species of this thesis, the European mink (Mustela lutreola) and the American mink (Neovison vison), are considered respectively as one of the most threatened carnivores and as one of the worst invaders in Europe. Both species colonized the Iberian Peninsula very recently: the European mink entered from France in the 1950s and colonized the rivers basins of the Northeastern Spain, and the American mink was introduced in the 1950s through fur farming and is currently found in six different populations throughout the Northern half of the Peninsula. In the Iberian Peninsula, most

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Peoples, Brandon Kevin. "Applying ecological models to positive interactions among lotic fishes: implications for population and community regulation at multiple spatial scales." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73340.

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Positive biotic interactions such as mutualism, commensalism and facilitation are ubiquitous in nature, but historically have received considerably less research attention than negative interactions such as competition, predation and parasitism. The paucity of research on positive interactions is particularly evident in stream ecosystems and in vertebrate communities. Stream fishes clearly provide an ideal system for advancing research on positive interactions. Many minnows (Cyprinidae) of eastern North America engage in a potentially mutualistic reproductive interaction known as nest associat

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Main, Michael Thomas. "An investigation into the spatial distribution, habitat selection and resource usage of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) inhabiting urban reserves within Perth, Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2351.

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I attempted to track a population of urban foxes in Kings Park, but due to collar failure, only one collar was retrieved. The GPS telemetry data from this fox produced home range estimates for minimum convex polygon (MCP) and kernel density (KD) of 0.302 km² and 0.331 km², respectively. The fox was predominantly active at night, with a ten-fold increase in movement during nocturnal periods when compared to daytime movements. Roads and man-made tracks were important for facilitating movement of the fox through its home range, with almost 97% of location fixes recorded within 100m of these featu

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Charbonnel, Anaïs. "Influence multi-échelle des facteurs environnementaux dans la répartition du Desman des Pyrénées (Galemys pyrenaicus) en France." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14261/1/Charbonnel.pdf.

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L’écologie du Desman des Pyrénées (Galemys pyrenaicus), mammifère semi-aquatique endémique de la péninsule ibérique et des Pyrénées, demeure encore très peu connue. Les objectifs de cette thèse, dans le cadre d’un Plan National d’Actions, ont été d’identifier les variables environnementales agissant sur la répartition de l’espèce à différentes échelles spatiales, en considérant sa détectabilité imparfaite (i.e. fausses absences et fausses présences). Une probabilité de détection élevée, mais spatialement hétérogène à l’échelle des Pyrénées françaises, a été mise en évidence. La distribution du

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Soldera, John. "Detecção de movimentos suspeitos em seqüências de vídeo." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2007. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2250.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T13:59:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 28<br>Hewlett-Packard Brasil Ltda<br>É proposto neste trabalho novas técnicas para automatizar processos em vigilância eletrônica. A entrada (input) do algoritmo descrito são trajetórias das pessoas capturadas de seqüências de vídeo filmadas, as quais são utilizadas para definição de padrões de comportamentos de pedestres. O modelo proposto se baseia em dois critérios para a definição de comportamentos como usuais ou não-usuais: a ocupação espacial e as relações entre as pessoas. O critério de

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Clair, Erin Joy. "Spatial Dynamics of the Earliest Human Occupants of Tibet." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/243883.

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My research, conducted summer 2011, was undertaken to obtain a better understanding of how, when, and why prehistoric peoples initially extended their range up from the lower elevation valleys of northern India and Tibet to the 4,000 – plus - meter elevations of the Tibet Plateau. Recent archaeological research headed by Professor John W. Olsen in western Tibet suggests multiple routes onto the Plateau at different times in prehistory. My research focused on: 1) conducting reconnaissance for ancient sources of raw stone material and 2) examining ancient river terrace and lake shoreline formati

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St, Germain Michael J. "Bat Habitat Ecology Using Remote Acoustical Detectors at the Army National Guard Maneuver Training Center - Fort Pickett, Blackstone, Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76770.

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Bats occupy diverse and unique niches and are regarded as important components in maintaining ecosystem health. They are major consumers of nocturnal insects, serve as pollinators, seed disperser, and provide important economic benefits as consumers of agricultural and forest pest insects. Bats have been proposed as good indicators of the integrity of natural communities because they integrate a number of resource attributes and may show population declines quickly if a resource attribute is missing. Establishing community- and population-level data, and understanding species interactions is e

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Chilakamarri, Venkata Srinivasa Ravi Chandra. "SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSES FOR PREDICTION OF TRAFFIC FLOW, SPEED AND OCCUPANCY ON I-4." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3508.

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Traffic data prediction is a critical aspect of Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS). The utility of the traffic data is in providing information on the evolution of traffic process that can be passed on to the various users (commuters, Regional Traffic Management Centers (RTMCs), Department of Transportation (DoT), ... etc) for user-specific objectives. This information can be extracted from the data collected by various traffic sensors. Loop detectors collect traffic data in the form of flow, occupancy, and speed throughout the nation. Freeway traffic data from I-4 loop detectors has be

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Jorge, Marcelo Haidar. "Assessing the Influence of Prescribed Fire on Faunal Communities in a Pyric Landscape." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104395.

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Understanding the link between environmental factors such as disturbance events, land cover, and soil productivity to spatial variation in animal distributions and vital rates is fundamental to population ecology and wildlife management. The Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris; hereafter, LLP) ecosystem is an archetypal fire-mediated ecosystem, which has seen drastic reductions in land area due to fire suppression. Current restoration utilizes prescribed fire and hardwood removal, but more research is needed to understand the influence of these restoration efforts on the wildlife that exist in th

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Li, Yuanzhi. "Structure et dynamique d'occupation de l'espace fonctionnel à travers des gradients spatiaux et temporels." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11615.

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Les modèles d'occupation de niche au sein des communautés locales, la variabilité spatiale de la biodiversité le long des gradients environnementaux du stress et des perturbations, et les processus de succession végétale sont plusieurs sujets fondamentaux en écologie. Récemment, l'approche basée sur les traits est apparue comme un moyen prometteur de comprendre les processus structurant les communautés végétales et cette approche a même été proposée comme méthode pour reconstruire l'écologie communautaire en fonction des traits fonctionnels. Par conséquent, lier ces thèmes fondamentaux en util

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Thapa, Kanchan. "Ecology of Tigers in Churia Habitat and a Non-Invasive Genetic Approach to Tiger Conservation in Terai Arc, Nepal." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/65007.

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Tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) can be viewed as a proxy for intact and healthy ecosystems. Their wild populations have plummeted to fewer than 3,200 individuals in the last four decades and threats to these apex predators are mounting rather than diminishing. Global conservation bodies (Global Tiger Initiative, World Wildlife Fund, Wildlife Conservation Society, Panthera etc.) have recently called for solidarity and scaling up of conservation efforts to save tigers from extinction. In South Asia, tiger habitat ranges from tropical evergreen forests, dry arid regions and sub-tropical alluvial

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Youssoufi, Samy. "Satisfaction résidentielle et configurations spatiales en milieu périurbain." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903526.

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Depuis les années 1960, les villes françaises sont soumises à un processus d'étalement urbain. Cet étalement se traduit par l'émergence d'une catégorie d'espace située à l'interface entre la ville et la campagne : le périurbain. Les caractéristiques sociales, urbanistiques, ou liées aux pratiques spatiales de ses habitants confèrent au périurbain une singularité et une spécificité propres. Il s'agit d'un espace de contradiction qui attire à la fois en raison du cadre de vie plutôt " naturel " qu'il offre aux ménages, mais également en raison de sa proximité avec la ville et des potentialités l

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Fuseiller, Guillaume. "Perception et génération de trajectoires en cobotique dans des environnements dynamiques." Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0103.

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L'apparition au début des années 2010 des robots collaboratifs en parallèle du développement de l'industrie 4.0 a incité les industriels à repenser la robotique. L’intégration de robots au contact des humains permet de cumuler leurs points forts en terme de flexibilité et d’adaptabilité à des tâches complexes. Cependant de nombreux défis sont posés à la communauté robotique par ces nouvelles pratiques et notamment : comment sécuriser l'interaction entre l'Homme et le Robot. Nous proposons de traiter cette problématique en proposant un pipeline complet permettant de déplacer en autonomie le rob

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Kurdej, Marek. "Exploitation of map data for the perception of intelligent vehicles." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2174/document.

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La plupart des logiciels contrôlant les véhicules intelligents traite de la compréhension de la scène. De nombreuses méthodes existent actuellement pour percevoir les obstacles de façon automatique. La majorité d’entre elles emploie ainsi les capteurs extéroceptifs comme des caméras ou des lidars. Cette thèse porte sur les domaines de la robotique et de la fusion d’information et s’intéresse aux systèmes d’information géographique. Nous étudions ainsi l’utilité d’ajouter des cartes numériques, qui cartographient le milieu urbain dans lequel évolue le véhicule, en tant que capteur virtuel améli

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Webb, Matthew Houston. "Spatial ecology and conservation of the critically endangered swift parrot." Phd thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/143505.

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Conservation of highly mobile resource specialists depends on understanding where and when resources are available and how populations respond to resource configuration. These species are often resource specialists, which can make them vulnerable to resource bottlenecks in time and space. When they also have dynamic distributions, data collection and conservation planning is extremely challenging. Therefore, for species like the swift parrot, which is a highly mobile resource specialist with a dynamic distribution, ecologically releva

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Diogo, João Miguel Amaral. "Spatial occupancy patterns of carnivores in a cork oak landscape." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/27335.

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Tese de mestrado em Biologia da Conservação, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2016<br>A forma como as espécies coexistem e interagem, bem como os mecanismos subjacentes, têm sido alvo de diversos estudos. No entanto, são mais raros os estudos onde é realizada uma abordagem multiespecífica, nomeadamente envolvendo uma comunidade de mesocarnívoros. Das várias interações interespecíficas possíveis, a competição é um dos principais fatores a moldar a organização das comunidades, incluindo as de carnívoros. As adaptações comportamentais traduzem-se na segreg

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Cheng, Jun. "Spatial Criteria Used in IUCN Assessment Overestimate Area of Occupancy for Freshwater Taxa." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/42731.

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Area of Occupancy (AO) is a frequently used indicator to assess and inform designation of conservation status to wildlife species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The applicability of the current grid-based AO measurement on freshwater organisms has been questioned due to the restricted dimensionality of freshwater habitats. I investigated the extent to which AO influenced conservation status for freshwater taxa at a national level in Canada. I then used distribution data of 20 imperiled freshwater fish species of southwestern Ontario to (1) demonstrate biases prod

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Heim, Nicole Alexis. "Complex Effects of Human-Impacted Landscapes on the Spatial Patterns of Mammalian Carnivores." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/6116.

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In the face of an expanding global human footprint, mammalian carnivores have become vulnerable to the effects of large-scale landscape change. Throughout North America, wide-ranging terrestrial carnivores have experienced significant species declines and range retractions. Understanding the complex and interacting effects of human-caused habitat disturbance on highly mobile species remains an ongoing challenge for ecologists. To address these challenges, studies commonly select a focal species to examine the adverse effects of human disturbance. Due to the paucity of multi-species study, litt

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Lai, Chia-Chen, and 賴嘉晨. "The Post-Occupancy Evaluation of the Spatial Interface Transformation between Campus and Communities－A Case Study of Lian Shan Gate, CYCU." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z96t5e.

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碩士<br>中原大學<br>景觀學研究所<br>107<br>Since its founding in 1955, CYCU has grown with the city.In recent years, under the trend of sustainable campus planning, it has the opportunity to integrate the campus place. However, how to create a good place and keep a close connection with communities at the same time is an important issue it must face. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of CYCU’s sustainable campus planning and design by using the Post-Occupancy Evaluation model of LianShan Gate. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is the collection and analysis of th

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Petrová, Kristýna. "Ekologické specializace ptáků na základě prostorových patrností v koexistenci." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-388386.

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Ecological specialization based on co-existence patterns is new methodology used for niche breadth measurement using co-existing community with occupancy data. It results in generalist-specialist continuum according to value of speciali- zation index. The aim of this thesis was testing index stability at spatial and tem- poral scale, compare this specialization index with other specialization indices and study changes in specialization with time changes in occupancy. Specialization was quantified using data of breeding birds atlases in the Czech Republic and Europe using two selected indices T

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Drummey, Donovan. "Evaluation of Environmental Factors Influencing American Marten Distribution and Density in New Hampshire." 2021. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/1010.

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Though the American marten (Martes americana) is widely distributed across northern North America, habitat use and population abundance vary widely across the range. Due to its status as a furbearer, the species has been extensively researched, resulting in a large body of knowledge about the species’ ecology, distribution, and abundance, as well as drivers of population structure and dynamics. More recently, marten research has shifted focus to genetics, habitat associations, and estimation of population state variables. The rapid increase in estimation of states such as occupancy, abundance,

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Linck, Paloma. "Mesocarnivores interactions in fragmented landscapes." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/33248.

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In Iberian Peninsula, large carnivores suffered a significant decline in their populations. Mesocarnivores are therefore one of the main groups of terrestrial predators present in Iberian ecosystems. Mesocarnivore community are extremely complex and presents multidimensional interactions that act on distinct ecological axes. Understanding the factors that determine the organisation of this community is fundamental for an adequate planning and management of conservation actions. My dissertation aimed to evaluate the temporal patterns of mesocarnivore species in response to socio-environmental v

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Spencer, Bartholomew. "Spatiotemporal Analysis of Australian Rules Football." Thesis, 2019. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/39598/.

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Player tracking data has previously been used to quantify movement profiles in the Australian Football League (AFL), however little research exists into its use to measure the spatial interactions of players. This thesis presents new methodologies for measuring the spatial interactions and occupancy of players in team sports. Global positioning systems (GPS) and local positioning systems (LPS) spatiotemporal datasets were sourced from training sessions, Under-18s matches and elite-level AFL matches. Datasets were consolidated with play-by-play transactions to infer ball position. An initial pi

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