To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Spatio-temporal dynamical systems.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Spatio-temporal dynamical systems'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 26 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Spatio-temporal dynamical systems.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Campbell, Kevin Matthew. "The robust and typical behaviour of spatio-temporal dynamical systems." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309905.
Full text
2
Guo, Yuzhu. "The Identification and Analysis of Finite-State Spatio-Temporal Dynamical Systems." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522004.
Full text
3
Orstavik, Odd-Halvdan Sakse. "Analysis of chaotic multi-variate time-series from spatio-temporal dynamical systems." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314071.
Full text
4
Siminos, Evangelos. "Recurrent spatio-temporal structures in presence of continuous symmetries." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28215.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. S.)--Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.<br>Committee Chair: Cvitanovic, Predrag; Committee Member: Dieci, Luca; Committee Member: Grigoriev, Roman; Committee Member: Schatz, Michael; Committee Member: Wiesenfeld, Kurt
5
MacKenzie, Tony. "Create accurate numerical models of complex spatio-temporal dynamical systems with holistic discretisation." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2005. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001466/.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation focuses on the further development of creating accurate numerical models of complex dynamical systems using the holistic discretisation technique [Roberts, Appl. Num. Model., 37:371-396, 2001]. I extend the application from second to fourth order systems and from only one spatial dimension in all previous work to two dimensions (2D). We see that the holistic technique provides useful and accurate numerical discretisations on coarse grids. We explore techniques to model the evolution of spatial patterns governed by pdes such as the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation and the real-valued Ginzburg-Landau equation. We aim towards the simulation of fluid flow and convection in three spatial dimensions. I show that significant steps have been taken in this dissertation towards achieving this aim. Holistic discretisation is based upon centre manifold theory [Carr, Applications of centre manifold theory, 1981] so we are assured that the numerical discretisation accurately models the dynamical system and may be constructed systematically. To apply centre manifold theory the domain is divided into elements and using a homotopy in the coupling parameter, subgrid scale fields are constructed consisting of actual solutions of the governing partial differential equation(pde). These subgrid scale fields interact through the introduction of artificial internal boundary conditions. View the centre manifold (macroscale) as the union of all states of the collection of subgrid fields (microscale) over the physical domain. Here we explore how to extend holistic discretisation to the fourth order Kuramoto-Sivashinsky pde. I show that the holistic models give impressive accuracy for reproducing the steady states and time dependent phenomena of the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation on coarse grids. The holistic method based on local dynamics compares favourably to the global methods of approximate inertial manifolds. The excellent performance of the holistic models shown here is strong evidence in support of the holistic discretisation technique. For shear dispersion in a 2D channel a one-dimensional numerical approximation is generated directly from the two-dimensional advection-diffusion dynamics. We find that a low order holistic model contains the shear dispersion term of the Taylor model [Taylor, IMA J. Appl. Math., 225:473-477, 1954]. This new approach does not require the assumption of large x scales, formerly absolutely crucial in deriving the Taylor model. I develop holistic discretisation for two spatial dimensions by applying the technique to the real-valued Ginzburg-Landau equation as a representative example of second order pdes. The techniques will apply quite generally to second order reaction-diffusion equations in 2D. This is the first study implementing holistic discretisation in more than one spatial dimension. The previous applications of holistic discretisation have developed algebraic forms of the subgrid field and its evolution. I develop an algorithm for numerical construction of the subgrid field and its evolution for 1D and 2D pdes and explore various alternatives. This new development greatly extends the class of problems that may be discretised by the holistic technique. This is a vital step for the application of the holistic technique to higher spatial dimensions and towards discretising the Navier-Stokes equations.
6
Dufourd, Claire Chantal. "Spatio-temporal mathematical models of insect trapping : analysis, parameter estimation and applications to control." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/58471.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis provides a mathematical framework for the development of efficient control strategies that satisfy the charters of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) which aims to maintain pest population at a low impact level. This mathematical framework is based on a dynamical system approach and comprises the construction of mathematical models, their theoretical study, the development of adequate schemes for numerical solutions and reliable procedures for parameter identification. The first output of this thesis is the construction of trap-insect spatio-temporal models formulated via advection-diffusion-reaction processes. These models were used to simulate numerically trapping to compare with field data. As a result, practical protocols were identified to estimate pest-population size and distribution as well as its dispersal capacity and parameter values related to the attractiveness of the traps. The second major output of this thesis is the prediction of the impact of a specific control method: mating disruption using a female pheromone and trapping. A compartmental model, formulated via a system of ordinary differential equations, was built based on biological and mating behaviour knowledge of the pest. The theoretical analysis of the model yields threshold values for the dosage of the pheromone above which extinction of the population is ensured. The practical relevance of the results obtained in this thesis shows that mathematical modelling is an essential supplement to experiments in optimizing control strategies.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2016.<br>Mathematics and Applied Mathematics<br>PhD<br>Unrestricted
7
Kurtuldu, Huseyin. "New methods of characterizing spatio-temporal patterns in laboratory experiments." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37121.
Full textAbstract:
Complex patterns arise in many extended nonlinear nonequilibrium systems in physics, chemistry and biology. Information extraction from these
complex patterns is a challenge and has been a main subject of research for many years. We study patterns in Rayleigh-Benard convection (RBC) acquired from our laboratory experiments to develop new characterization techniques for complex spatio-temporal patterns. Computational homology, a new topological characterization technique, is applied to the experimental data to investigate dynamics by quantifying convective patterns in a unique way. The homology analysis is used to detect symmetry breakings between hot and cold flows as a function of thermal
driving in experiments, where other conventional techniques, e.g., curvature and wave-number distribution, failed to reveal this asymmetry.
Furthermore, quantitative information is acquired from the outputs of homology to identify different spatio-temporal states. We use this information to obtain a reduced dynamical description of spatio-temporal chaos to investigate extensivity and physical boundary effects in RBC. The results from
homological analysis are also compared to other dimensionality reduction techniques such as Karhunen-Loeve decomposition and Fourier analysis.
8
Lan, Yueheng. "Dynamical systems approach to one-dimensional spatiotemporal chaos -- A cyclist's view." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-10282004-154606/unrestricted/lan%5Fyueheng%5F200412%5Fphd.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.<br>Jean Bellissard, Committee Member ; Turgay Uzer, Committee Member ; Roman Grigoriev, Committee Member ; Konstantin Mischaikow, Committee Member ; Predrag Cvitanovic, Committee Chair. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
9
Krishan, Kapilanjan. "Characterizations of spatio-temporal complex systems." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-05162005-071906/.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006.<br>Schatz, Michael, Committee Chair ; Cvitanovic, Predrag, Committee Member ; Uzer, Turgay, Committee Member ; Grigoriev, Roman, Committee Member ; Mischaikow, Konstantin, Committee Member.
10
Goryachev, Andrew. "Spatio-temporal dynamics of complex-periodic and chaotic systems." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0002/NQ41163.pdf.
Full text
11
Gaciu, Nicoleta. "Control of spatio-temporal dynamics of bio and optoelectronics systems." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2007. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843627/.
Full textAbstract:
Bio and optoelectronics systems are different systems in their composition and application but they have surprising similarities in terms of their spatio-temporal dynamics and dynamics control. Both systems are complex systems with many degrees of freedom that are spatially structured on micro and nano scales. Their behaviour can easily switch between stable regime to chaos by changing internal and external influencing factors. Historically, optoelectronics systems have been studied for more than 30 years. Due to novel biotechnological applications bio systems have more recently gained importance. Today, many natural and technological systems are composed of mesoscopic bio and optoelectronic devices or elements. In nature, many biological and chemical processes controlling the functioning of a system or a specific process (e.g. photosynthesis) occur in complex cellular and molecular ensembles. In technological systems, improvements in the development and design of novel materials on an atomic level have opened the way to efficient devices suitable for mass production. This work focuses on the control and analysis of two mesoscopic model examples: molecular motors and semiconductor lasers. In recent years they have been of particular importance due to their complex dynamics. These active systems have many features in common. Both are open systems which use an energy source to generate motion or light. Molecular motors are nanometer-scaled functional biomolecular structures that convert chemical energy into directed motion. Semiconductor lasers convert an electrical pump current into coherent light emission. Due to underlying complex interaction processes both systems show instabilities under the influence of parameters. In a molecular motor ensemble, external forces, diffusion of free and bound motors, and geometrical arrangement of the microtubule substrate tend to bring instabilities into the molecular motor system. In semiconductor lasers, the interplay of carrier diffusion, light diffraction and geometrical constraints given by the width of the laser (typically in the ?m regime) lead to complex interplay of longitudinal and transverse modes and to instabilities and chaos. The aim of this work is to fundamentally analyse the mechanism relevant for the complex dynamics of the two active systems and to derive schemes to control them. For this purpose I have performed complex numerical simulations. The theoretical description of the molecular motor systems is based on Fokker-Planck equations. Space-time simulations of the dynamics of molecular motors reveal the influence of the diffusion constant, arrangement of filaments, number and separation between filaments and external forces on the spatio-temporal dynamics of molecular ensemble. The theoretical analysis of semiconductor lasers is done on the basis of multi-mode Maxwell-Bloch equations. Simulations of the spatio-temporal dynamics in this system demonstrate that the application of a delayed optical feedback realised by a suitable external resonator configuration can lead to an efficient emission control. Various feedback configurations are discussed. The thesis is organised as follows. Chapter 1 gives a general introduction to molecular motors and semiconductor lasers. Chapter 2 focuses on molecular motors. This includes a review of theoretical models, molecular motor properties and simulation results on the complex spatio-temporal dynamics of molecular motor complexes. In Chapter 3 of this thesis, broad area semiconductor lasers with delayed optical feedback will be investigated. The analysis will concentrate on laser systems with unstructured and structured delayed optical feedback. Concluding remarks and future work are given in Chapter 4.
12
Mueller, Felix. "Formation of spatio–temporal patterns in stochastic nonlinear systems." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16527.
Full textAbstract:
Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit einer Reihe von Fragestellungen, die Forschungsfeldern wie rauschinduziertem Verhalten, Strukturbildung in aktiven Medien und Synchronisation nichlinearer Oszillatoren erwachsen. Die verwendeten nichtlinearen Modelle verfügen über erregbare, oszillatorische und bistabile Eigenschaften. Zusätzliche stochastische Fluktuationen tragen wesentlich zur Entstehung komplexer Dynamik bei. Modelliert wird, auf welche Weise sich extrazelluläre Kaliumkonzentration, gespeist von umliegenden Neuronen, auf die Aktivität dieser Neuronen auswirkt. Neben lokaler Dynamik wird die Ausbildung ausgedehnter Strukturen in einem heterogenem Medium analysiert. Die raum-zeitlichen Muster umfassen sowohl Wellenfronten und Spiralen als auch ungewöhnliche Strukturen, wie wandernde Cluster oder invertierte Wellen. Eine wesentliche Rolle bei der Ausprägung solcher Strukturen spielen die Randbedingungen des Systems. Sowohl für diskret gekoppelte bistabile Elemente als auch für kontinuierliche Fronten werden Methoden zur Berechnung von Frontgeschwindigkeiten bei fixierten Rändern vorgestellt. Typische Bifurkationen werden quantifiziert und diskutiert. Der Rückkopplungsmechanismus aus dem Modell neuronaler Einheiten und deren passiver Umgebung kann weiter abstrahiert werden. Ein Zweizustandsmodell wird über zwei Wartezeitverteilungen definiert, welche erregbares Verhalten widerspiegeln. Untersucht wird die instantane und die zeitverzögerte Antwort des Ensembles auf die Rückkopplung. Im Fall von Zeitverzögerung tritt eine Hopf-Bifurkation auf, die zu Oszillationen der mittleren Gesamtaktivität führt. Das letzte Kapitel befasst sich mit Diffusion und Transport von Brownschen Teilchen in einem raum-zeiltich periodischen Potential. Wieder sind es Synchronisationsmechanismen, die nahezu streuungsfreien Transport ermöglichen können. Für eine erhöhte effektiven Diffusion gelangen wir zu einer Abschätzung der maximierenden Parameter.<br>In this work problems are investigated that arises from resarch fields of noise induced dynamics, pattern formation in active media and synchronisation of self-sustained oscillators. The applied model systems exhibit excitable, oscillatory and bistable behavior as basic modes of nonlinear dynamics. Addition of stochastic fluctuations contribute to the appearance of complex behavior. The extracellular potassium concentration fed by surrounding activated neurons and the feeback to these neurons is modelled. Beside considering the local behavior, nucleation of spatially extended structures is studied. We find typical fronts and spirales as well as unusal patterns such as moving clusters and inverted waves. The boundary conditions of the considered system play an essential role in the formation process of such structures. We present methods to find expressions of the front velocity for discretely coupled bistable units as well as for the countinus front interacting with boundary values. Canonical bifurcation scenarios can be quantified. The feedback mechanism from the model for neuronal units can be generalized further. A two-state model is defined by two waiting time distributions representing excitable dynamics. We analyse the instantaneous and delayed response of the ensemble. In the case of delayed feedback a Hopf-bifurcation occur which lead to oscillations of the mean activity. In the last chapter the transport and diffusion of Brownian particles in a spatio-temporal oscillating potential is discussed. As a cause of nearly dispersionless transport synchronisations mechanisms can be identified. We find an estimation for parameter values which maximizes the effective diiffusion.
13
Gundlach, Volker Matthias. "Symbolic dynamics, shadowing and Gibbs states for some spatio-temporal chaotic systems." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304618.
Full text
14
He, Yang. "Modelling the spatio-temporal dynamic of iIntracellular Ca2+ handling system in cardiac cells." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/modelling-the-spatiotemporal-dynamic-of-intracellular-ca2-handling-system-in-cardiac-cells(f1a1b52a-f9f1-4837-aa0f-9d5df1f54d6f).html.
Full textAbstract:
The intracellular Ca2+ handling system in a cardiac myocyte is of crucial importance. It regulates the contraction and relaxation of the myocyte during the excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. A normal intracellular Ca2+ handling system keeps the contraction of the heart orderly, which represents a powerful force to pump blood to the whole body. However, disarrayed or remodelled cellular structure associated with the intracellular Ca2+ handling system at the subcellular level, such as loss of T-tubule network in diseased conditions, may promote abnormal cardiac EC coupling, leading to genesis of cardiac arrhythmias impairing cardiac mechanical functions. Up to date, it is still incompletely understood how the intracellular Ca2+ handling system is altered by changes in subcellular structures of Ca2+ handling systems. In this thesis, biophysically detailed computational models for the intracellular Ca2+ handling system of a cardiac cell were developed, providing a powerful platform to investigate the spatio-temporal complexity associated with the intracellular Ca2+ handling, and its role in generating abnormal cardiac EC coupling. First, a well-validated single cell model was used to investigate how the diastolic and systolic Ca2+ concentration responded to alterations in the model parameters related to the Ca2+ handling system, from which the mechanisms underlying the rate-dependence of EC coupling were analysed. Then, a novel single cell model, with a 2D presentation of the spatial structures of subcellular Ca2+ handling and membrane action potential, of a sheep atrial myocyte was developed for simulating the abnormal intracellular Ca2+ regulation system due to the loss of T-tubules during atrial fibrillation. Variant scenarios of T-tubule loss were considered to investigate the role of the T-tubule in affecting the intracellular Ca2+ regulation. Furthermore, membrane currents' alterations due to the electrical remodelling arising from atrial fibrillation were considered together with the loss of T-tubule. Three typical types of abnormal Ca2+ cycling phenomenon, namely intracellular Ca2+ alternans, spontaneous Ca2+ sparks and intracellular Ca2+ waves were observed in AF conditions. The relationship between T-tubule loss, AF-remodelling and the genesis of delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs) was also investigated. It was shown that the loss of T-tubule in AF condition played an important role in disturbing the Ca2+ regulation system, which increases the risk for a cell to generate impaired contraction.
15
Bertazzon, Stefania. "Demand-supply dynamics in tourism systems, a spatio-temporal GIS analysis, the Alberta ski industry case study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0027/NQ31014.pdf.
Full text
16
Faubel, Regina Johanna [Verfasser], Gregor [Akademischer Betreuer] Eichele, and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Schuh. "Spatio-temporal Approach to Transport Dynamics in the Mammalian Ventricular System / Regina Johanna Faubel. Gutachter: Gregor Eichele ; Reinhard Schuh. Betreuer: Gregor Eichele." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1067626557/34.
Full text
17
Wahle, Philipp. "Transcriptome dynamics in early Drosophila development at tissue and single-cell resolution." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19976.
Full textAbstract:
Das Nervensystem von Drosophila melanogaster entwickelt sich aus dem Neuroectoderm entlang der anterior-posterioren Axe des Embryos. Dieses Gewebe unterteilt sich in drei Expressionsdomänen, die von ventral nach dorsal durch Expression der drei Homöobox-Transkriptionsfaktoren vnd, ind und msh charakterisiert sind. Vnd und Ind wurden als notwendig und ausreichend beschrieben, um die Zellidentitäten ihrer jeweiligen Gewebe zu determinieren. Um zu untersuchen, wie diese Transkriptionsfaktoren agieren, um ihre jeweiligen Zelltypen hervorzubringen, habe ich die genomweiten Genexpressionsmuster dieser verwandten Gewebe in Wildtyp-Embryos und in einer vnd-Mutante bestimmt. Ich fand heraus, dass anstelle eines Gewebes, das der IC-Domäne ähnelt, die Vnd-Mutante ein Gewebe hervorbringt, das neuronale Charakteristika zum grossen Teil verloren hat. Ich habe gefunden, dass der Transkiptionsfaktor "eyeless" bei ektopischer Expression in der VC den Vnd-Nervensystemphänotyp phänokopiert und ein ähnliches DNA-Bindemuster aufweist wie Vnd. Unsere Daten lassen vermuten, das Vnd sowohl als direkter Aktivator von VC-spezifischen Genen als auch als direkter Repressor von nicht-neuronalen Genen wirkt.
Um die zeitlich-örtliche Auflösung weiter zu erhöhen, habe ich mit Nikolaos Karaiskos kollaboriert, um Einzelzell-Transkriptome von Embryos einer einzigen embryonalen Stufe zu generieren und einen Genexpressions-Atlas des frühen Drosophila-Embryos mit Einzelzellauflösung zu erstellen der die nahezu genomweite Genexpression fast jeder Zelle zu rekapitulieren. Um die Nützlichkeit der Plattform zu demonstrieren, untersuchten wir Expressionsmuster von Genen, die an der Hippo-Signalkaskade beteiligt sind. Wir prognostizierten Hippo-Signalaktivität in bestimmten Bereichen des Embryos und zeigten, dass der Hippo-Signalweg die synchronisierte Zellteilung in diesen Bereichen unterbricht.<br>The embryonic nervous system of Drosophila melanogaster derives from the neurogenic ectoderm, which is subdivided into three distinct domains. Several key transcription factors show expression exclusive to individual columns and endow their expression domains with characteristic identities. The genes vnd and ind, for example, are homeodomain transcription factors expressed in two columns. Both have been argued to be necessary and sufficient to confer the ventral column or intermediate column fates. To address the question how these transcription factors confer identities to their expression domains I determined the transcriptomic profile of these tissues in wild type and a Vnd mutant embryos. In order to do this, I established a protocol that allowed me to sequence the transcriptomes in developing embryos with spatio-temporal resolution.
I found that upon knockout of Vnd, the ventral column largely looses its neurogenic identity rather than converting its fate, as models would predict. I identified Eyeless as a novel candidate transcription factor that shapes early nerve cord identities. Furthermore the data indicates that in Vnd acts as both, activator and repressor. Excessive co-binding with the GAGA-factor GAF suggests a mechanism by which this activation might be achieved.
To push spatio-temporal resolution towards the single cell level, I collaborated with Nikolaos Karaiskos to extract single cell transcriptomes of a single developmental stage. This has allowed us to establish a digital single-cell resolved transcriptomic map of a single developmental stage. We used this map to predict expression patterns of thousands of genes with striking accuracy.
We identified the Hippo signaling pathway as a spatially regulated pathway in early embryos and showed that it directs the interruption of cell cycle synchronicity in specific areas of the embryo.
18
Lucaccioni, Héloïse. "Espaces, liens, et santé : dynamiques d’invasion d’un hôte de zoonoses dans un territoire en mutation : le cas du rat noir au Sénégal Oriental." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100167/document.
Full textAbstract:
L’évolution des mises en liens en réponse aux changements globaux et à la globalisation contemporaine précipite le risque d’émergence infectieuse. Dans cette recherche, nous dressons une géographie des vulnérabilités territoriales face à l’émergence des risques zoonotiques. Notre cas d’étude est celui des dynamiques d’invasion d’un hôte commensal, le rat noir (Rattus rattus), dans les marges orientales du Sénégal, périphérie rurale ouest-africaine en mutation. Nous défendons l’idée que les sociétés façonnent des systèmes territoriaux inégalement vulnérables à la diffusion spatiale de l’hôte.Nous montrons que les espaces du Sénégal Oriental et leurs mises en liens se transforment sous l’action des multiples acteurs territoriaux. Les dynamiques d’invasion du rat noir reflètent ces évolutions. Pourtant, les facteurs spatiaux de diffusion des lieux, des foyers, et des chemins d’invasion sont inopérants pour expliquer les dynamiques spatio-temporelles de l’hôte. En outre, la distribution spatiale du rongeur apparaît en contradiction avec les modèles classiques de diffusion fondés sur la hiérarchie ou la distance spatiale des lieux. La diffusion de l’hôte s’inscrit dans des systèmes complexes et multiscalaires tissés dans la rencontre des espaces, des lieux, et des liens construits par les sociétés. Nous proposons une grille de lecture où les formes de la diffusion dans l’espace et le temps répondent des degrés de stabilité et d’instabilité de ces systèmes socio-spatiaux, façonnant ainsi des territoires inégalement vulnérables au risque d’émergence infectieuse<br>The evolution of spatial relationships in the contemporary context of global changes and globalization promote disease emergence. In this study, we draw a geography of territorial vulnerabilities to the emergence of zoonotic risks. In southeastern Senegal, a changing rural periphery of West Africa, we address the issue of the spread of an invasive species and host of pathogens, the black rat (Rattus rattus). We argue that societies produce territorial systems that are unequally vulnerable to the spatial diffusion of the host.We evidence that the spaces of Southeastern Senegal and the spatial relationships among them are transformed under the action of multiple social actors. The spread of the black rat reflects these changes. Yet, the spatial characteristics of the invaded places (such as connectivity or centrality) as well as the spatial relationships among them are insufficient in understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of the rodent invasion. Moreover, the spatial distribution of the black rat contradicts conventional models of hierarchical or contagious diffusion. The spatial diffusion of the host responds to spaces, places, and spatial links intimately woven by societies into complex and multiscale systems. We propose to understand the many forms of spatial diffusion as the response to the stability or instability of these socio-spatial systems, which then form territories unevenly vulnerable to the risk of disease emergence
19
Lugo, Velez Carlos Antonio. "Robustness of an evolutionary model of coevolution in multi-species communities to changes in its structure and spatio-temporal dynamics of a simple predator-prey model system." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544498.
Full text
20
Brusch, Lutz. "Complex Patterns in Extended Oscillatory Systems." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2001. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1006416783250-74051.
Full textAbstract:
Ausgedehnte dissipative Systeme können fernab vom thermodynamischen Gleichgewicht instabil gegenüber Oszillationen bzw. Wellen oder raumzeitlichem Chaos werden. Die komplexe Ginzburg-Landau Gleichung (CGLE) stellt ein universelles Modell zur Beschreibung dieser raumzeitlichen Strukturen dar. Diese Arbeit ist der theoretischen Analyse komplexer Muster gewidmet. Mittels numerischer Bifurkations- und Stabilitätsanalyse werden Instabilitäten einfacher Muster identifiziert und neuartige Lösungen der CGLE bestimmt. Modulierte Amplitudenwellen (MAW) und Super-Spiralwellen sind Beispiele solcher komplexer Muster. MAWs können in hydrodynamischen Experimenten und Super-Spiralwellen in der Belousov-Zhabotinsky-Reaktion beobachtet werden. Der Grenzübergang von Phasen- zu Defektchaos wird durch den Existenzbereich der MAWs erklärt. Mittels der selben numerischen Methoden wird Bursting vom Fold-Hopf-Typ in einem Modell der Kalziumsignalübertragung in Zellen identifiziert.
21
Preux, Thibaut. "De l'agrandissement des exploitations agricoles à la transformation des paysages de bocage : analyse comparative des recompositions foncières et paysagères en Normandie." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC036/document.
Full textAbstract:
Paysages emblématiques des campagnes de l’Ouest, les bocages ont connu une série de transformations rapides et importantes ces quarante dernières années : érosion du linéaire de haies, changements des usages du sol, rationalisation et agrandissement du parcellaire, banalisation et massification des bâtiments agricoles, enfrichement des secteurs les plus difficiles à exploiter. L’ampleur des ajustements observés souligne le décalage entre ces formes paysagères héritées d’une longue histoire agraire, et l’évolution des systèmes agricoles qui contribuent à les produire.Si la transformation des paysages de bocage est généralement attribuée au tournant « productiviste » du modèle agricole français, les processus socio-techniques à l’origine de ces évolutions sont plus rarement explicités. L’objet de ce travail est d’évaluer plus spécifiquement la contribution de l’agrandissement des exploitations agricoles à la dynamique d’évolution des paysages bocagers de l’Ouest de la France.Ce travail de géographie s’appuie dans un premier temps sur une analyse statistique à l’échelle du grand Ouest de la France, visant à étudier l’effet des transformations foncières sur les structures spatiales agricoles (assolements, parcellaire, linéaires boisés…). Dans un second temps, les dynamiques paysagères et foncières de quatre espaces d’étude (Bessin, Bocage Virois, Sud Manche, Pays d’Auge), situés en domaine laitier et bocager mais présentant des configurations agricoles variées, ont été étudiées entre 2003 et 2016. Ce travail s’appuie notamment sur un dispositif méthodologique original, articulant au sein d’un système d’information géographique à échelle parcellaire (1) la construction d’un suivi à échelle spatio-temporelle fine des dynamiques paysagères (évolution du maillage bocager, de la trame parcellaire et de l’occupation du sol) et (2) la reconstitution de l’évolution de la mosaïque des parcellaires d’exploitations par appariement de plusieurs millésimes du registre parcellaire graphique. L’exploitation de cette base de données spatio-temporelle a permis de mieux comprendre le rôle de la transformation foncière des exploitations agricoles dans la dynamique des paysages bocagers. Enfin, une enquête de terrain a été réalisée auprès de 150 agriculteurs équitablement répartis dans les quatre espaces d’étude, afin d’appréhender les conséquences sociales, techniques et productives de l’agrandissement à l’échelle des exploitations agricoles, qui diffèrent singulièrement selon le type de trajectoire foncière suivie<br>Symbolic landscapes of the countryside of the West of France, the bocage landscapes have undergone a series of transformations these last forty years : decrease in hedgerow density, land uses changes, plots extension, normalization and enlargement of farm buildings, spatial extension of wilderness… The intensity of landscape transformations highlights the contradiction between these landscape forms produced by a long agrarian history and the contemporary evolutions of farming systems. The transformation of hedgerow landscapes is generally attributed to the "productivist" turn of the French agricultural model. However, the socio-technical processes behind these changes are more rarely explained.The first purpose of this geography work is to study the effects of changing agricultural systems on agricultural spatial structures, based on a statistical analysis at the scale of the West of France. In a second step, the landscape and land dynamics of four study areas (Bessin, Bocage Virois, Sud Manche, Pays d'Auge), located in the dairy and bocage domain, have been studied between 2003 and 2016. This work is based on an original methodological device, set up in a geographical information system. This structuration of geographic information makes possible to (1) monitor the landscape dynamics (evolution of the hedgerow density, land cover and plot morphology changes) at a fine spatial and temporal scale and (2) to reconstruct the evolution of the mosaic of farm plots, by matching land-parcell identification systems across the time (2007, 2011, 2013). From this spatio-temporal database, we characterized the coevolution of landscape structures and farm territories across the time, in order to better understand the landscape consequences of farm enlargment.Finally, a field survey was carried out among 150 farmers equitably distributed in the four study areas, in order to apprehend the social, technical and productive consequences of the farms enlargment, which differ singularly according to the type of land trajectory followed
22
Garneau, Danielle Elaine. "Spatio-temporal dynamics of a multiple predator-single prey system." 2005. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-820/index.html.
Full text
23
Faubel, Regina Johanna. "Spatio-temporal Approach to Transport Dynamics in the Mammalian Ventricular System." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5DC7-8.
Full text
24
Felsmann, Daniela Simone. "The spatio-temporal dynamics of epigaeic predators and insect pests in different oilseed rape management systems /." 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/566306662.pdf.
Full text
25
Huynh, David Pham. "Spatio-Temporal Response of a Compliant-Wall, Turbulent Boundary Layer System to Dynamic Roughness Forcing." Thesis, 2019. https://thesis.library.caltech.edu/11484/1/DavidHuynh_thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
<p>This thesis investigates the interaction between an elastic compliant surface and a turbulent boundary layer exposed to dynamic roughness forcing. The goals are to explore a unique perspective of this fluid-structural problem through narrow-band forcing, and to further develop the understanding of dynamic roughness. Water tunnel experiments are designed with flow and surface measurements, both phase-locked to the roughness actuation. This enables a phase-averaged analysis, which leverages the deterministic input to isolate the temporally correlated components of the flow and surface response. Identifying the directly interacting velocity and deformation modes allows the complex, fluid-structural system to be studied in a more tractable, input-output manner.</p>
<p>The first experiment is conducted with a smooth-wall turbulent boundary layer forced by dynamic roughness, and contributes to the knowledge of this type of forcing through structure-resolved particle image velocimetry. This allows for the streamwise-spatial nature and the wall-normal velocity component (v) of the roughness-forced flow to be explored, which had not been previously studied. A spatial amplitude modulation is observed in the synthetic structure and investigated directly through the spatial spectra. Through a parametric study and an empirical fit, the forcing frequency may now be selected to target a particular streamwise length scale.</p>
<p>The second experiment implements a gelatin sample subject to an unforced turbulent boundary layer. The surface response is characterized and serves as a base case with which to identify the roughness-forced component of the deformations. This naturally leads to the third experiment, where the full compliant-wall, dynamic-roughness-forced turbulent boundary layer system is considered. The surface response to the synthetic flow structure is confirmed, which sets the stage for a comparison between the smooth-wall and compliant-wall data to study the effect of the compliant surface.</p>
<p>The smooth/compliant comparison is guided by a resolvent analysis, which predicts a virtual wall feature in the v velocity mode for the elastic material under consideration. Using this prediction to inform a conditional average, the virtual wall is revealed in the experimental data. Thus, the action of the elastic surface is interpreted as opposing the v velocity near the wall, in a manner similar to wall-jet opposition control.
Previous experimental studies of viscoelastic compliant surfaces have demonstrated the potential for turbulent drag reduction, though either indirectly via the turbulence intensities or with relatively high skin friction measurement error. A common observation in these studies was the importance of the interaction between the surface and the coherent structures in the flow. To that end, this study has isolated and modeled the behavior of the fluid-structural system with a single spatio-temporal scale generated by dynamic roughness forcing. The results provide a physical interpretation of the effect of an elastic surface on turbulent boundary layer flow structures and informs the ongoing development of a reduced-order modeling tool in the resolvent analysis.</p>
26
Felsmann, Daniela Simone [Verfasser]. "The spatio-temporal dynamics of epigaeic predators and insect pests in different oilseed rape management systems / von Daniela Simone Felsmann." 2008. http://d-nb.info/988958058/34.
Full text