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Journal articles on the topic 'Spatio-temporal Regulators'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Fritz, Rafael Dominik, and Olivier Pertz. "The dynamics of spatio-temporal Rho GTPase signaling: formation of signaling patterns." F1000Research 5 (April 26, 2016): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.7370.1.

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Rho GTPases are crucial signaling molecules that regulate a plethora of biological functions. Traditional biochemical, cell biological, and genetic approaches have founded the basis of Rho GTPase biology. The development of biosensors then allowed measuring Rho GTPase activity with unprecedented spatio-temporal resolution. This revealed that Rho GTPase activity fluctuates on time and length scales of tens of seconds and micrometers, respectively. In this review, we describe Rho GTPase activity patterns observed in different cell systems. We then discuss the growing body of evidence that upstre

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Bakhsh, A., K. Shahzad, and T. Husnain. "Variation in the spatio-temporal expression of insecticidal genes in cotton." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 47, No. 1 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/131/2010-cjgpb.

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The most significant breakthrough in plant biotechnology is the development of the techniques to transform genes from unrelated sources into commercially important crop plants to develop resistance against targeted insect pests. The spatio-temporal expression of insecticidal genes in transgenic cotton varies with plant age, plant parts and environmental conditions. The understanding of this temporal and spatial variation in efficacy and the resulting mechanisms is essential for cotton protection and production. This review summarizes variations in the efficacy of introduced insecticidal genes

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Hill, Robert E., and Laura A. Lettice. "Alterations to the remote control of Shh gene expression cause congenital abnormalities." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1620 (2013): 20120357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0357.

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Multi-species conserved non-coding elements occur in the vertebrate genome and are clustered in the vicinity of developmentally regulated genes. Many are known to act as cis -regulators of transcription and may reside at long distances from the genes they regulate. However, the relationship of conserved sequence to encoded regulatory information and indeed, the mechanism by which these contribute to long-range transcriptional regulation is not well understood. The ZRS, a highly conserved cis -regulator, is a paradigm for such long-range gene regulation. The ZRS acts over approximately 1 Mb to

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Sun, Shuo, Changyu Yi, Jing Ma, et al. "Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Transcriptome Profiles of Soybean (Glycine max) Tissues during Early Seed Development." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 20 (2020): 7603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207603.

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Soybean (Glycine max) is an important crop providing oil and protein for both human and animal consumption. Knowing which biological processes take place in specific tissues in a temporal manner will enable directed breeding or synthetic approaches to improve seed quantity and quality. We analyzed a genome-wide transcriptome dataset from embryo, endosperm, endothelium, epidermis, hilum, outer and inner integument and suspensor at the global, heart and cotyledon stages of soybean seed development. The tissue specificity of gene expression was greater than stage specificity, and only three genes

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Pintard, Lionel, and Vincent Archambault. "A unified view of spatio-temporal control of mitotic entry: Polo kinase as the key." Open Biology 8, no. 8 (2018): 180114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.180114.

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The Polo kinase is an essential regulator of cell division. Its ability to regulate multiple events at distinct subcellular locations and times during mitosis is remarkable. In the last few years, a much clearer mechanistic understanding of the functions and regulation of Polo in cell division has emerged. In this regard, the importance of coupling changes in activity with changes in localization is striking, both for Polo itself and for its upstream regulators. This review brings together several new pieces of the puzzle that are gradually revealing how Polo is regulated, in space and time, t

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Pang, Junling, Xia Zhang, Xuhui Ma, and Jun Zhao. "Spatio-Temporal Transcriptional Dynamics of Maize Long Non-Coding RNAs Responsive to Drought Stress." Genes 10, no. 2 (2019): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10020138.

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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators in plant stress response. Here, we report a genome-wide lncRNA transcriptional analysis in response to drought stress using an expanded series of maize samples collected from three distinct tissues spanning four developmental stages. In total, 3488 high-confidence lncRNAs were identified, among which 1535 were characterized as drought responsive. By characterizing the genomic structure and expression pattern, we found that lncRNA structures were less complex than protein-coding genes, showing shorter transcripts and fewer exon

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Warmerdam, Daniël O., Roland Kanaar, and Veronique A. J. Smits. "Differential Dynamics of ATR-Mediated Checkpoint Regulators." Journal of Nucleic Acids 2010 (2010): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2010/319142.

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The ATR-Chk1 checkpoint pathway is activated by UV-induced DNA lesions and replication stress. Little was known about the spatio and temporal behaviour of the proteins involved, and we, therefore, examined the behaviour of the ATRIP-ATR and Rad9-Rad1-Hus1 putative DNA damage sensor complexes and the downstream effector kinase Chk1. We developed assays for the generation and validation of stable cell lines expressing GFP-fusion proteins. Photobleaching experiments in living cells expressing these fusions indicated that after UV-induced DNA damage, ATRIP associates more transiently with damaged

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Shan, Xiaotong, Yueqing Li, Song Yang, et al. "The spatio‐temporal biosynthesis of floral flavonols is controlled by differential phylogenetic MYB regulators in Freesia hybrida." New Phytologist 228, no. 6 (2020): 1864–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.16818.

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Botti, Gerardo, Clemente Cillo, Rossella De Cecio, Maria Gabriella Malzone, and Monica Cantile. "Paralogous HOX13 Genes in Human Cancers." Cancers 11, no. 5 (2019): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11050699.

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Hox genes (HOX in humans), an evolutionary preserved gene family, are key determinants of embryonic development and cell memory gene program. Hox genes are organized in four clusters on four chromosomal loci aligned in 13 paralogous groups based on sequence homology (Hox gene network). During development Hox genes are transcribed, according to the rule of “spatio-temporal collinearity”, with early regulators of anterior body regions located at the 3’ end of each Hox cluster and the later regulators of posterior body regions placed at the distal 5’ end. The onset of 3’ Hox gene activation is de

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Gao, Yuanhui, Hui Cao, Denggao Huang, Linlin Zheng, Zhenyu Nie, and Shufang Zhang. "RNA-Binding Proteins in Bladder Cancer." Cancers 15, no. 4 (2023): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15041150.

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RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key regulators of transcription and translation, with highly dynamic spatio-temporal regulation. They are usually involved in the regulation of RNA splicing, polyadenylation, and mRNA stability and mediate processes such as mRNA localization and translation, thereby affecting the RNA life cycle and causing the production of abnormal protein phenotypes that lead to tumorigenesis and development. Accumulating evidence supports that RBPs play critical roles in vital life processes, such as bladder cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Unc

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Lomov, Viktor, Maria Grechushnikova, Vladimir Kazantsev, and Irina Repina. "Reasons and patterns of spatio-temporal variability of methane emission from the Mozhaysk reservoir in summer period." E3S Web of Conferences 163 (2020): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016303010.

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Anthropogenic reservoirs are not only sources of clean energy, flow regulators, recreational and food resources, but also sources of greenhouse gases such as methane. The studies presented in this work, done on a well-studied low-flowing valley reservoir mainly in the summer, when the greatest variability of methane fluxes was observe. Depending on synoptic conditions, the temporal variability of methane fluxes varies greatly. Methane fluxes increase during the summer period and huge methane emissions observed before the autumn mixing stage. Emissions can occur during the destruction of temper

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Vaid, Samir, and Wieland B. Huttner. "Transcriptional Regulators and Human-Specific/Primate-Specific Genes in Neocortical Neurogenesis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 13 (2020): 4614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134614.

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During development, starting from a pool of pluripotent stem cells, tissue-specific genetic programs help to shape and develop functional organs. To understand the development of an organ and its disorders, it is important to understand the spatio-temporal dynamics of the gene expression profiles that occur during its development. Modifications in existing genes, the de-novo appearance of new genes, or, occasionally, even the loss of genes, can greatly affect the gene expression profile of any given tissue and contribute to the evolution of organs or of parts of organs. The neocortex is evolut

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Collins, Emma M., and Alexander Thompson. "HOX genes in normal, engineered and malignant hematopoiesis." International Journal of Developmental Biology 62, no. 11-12 (2018): 847–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/ijdb.180206at.

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Advanced technologies and models systems are improving our understanding of developmental processes. A primary example, hematopoiesis, classically represented by a hierarchical tree with a stem cell at the apex and more lineage restricted cells following each bifurcation has recently been shown to be capable of more adaptable fate decisions. Future research will identify key molecules underpinning this more adaptable or continuous model of hematopoiesis potentially leading to improved engineering of blood cells and therapies for malignant disease. The spatio-temporal, cell specific and exquisi

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Liu, Yang, Ya-Jie Hu, Wen-Xuan Fan, Xin Quan, Bin Xu, and Shi-Ze Li. "O-GlcNAcylation: The Underestimated Emerging Regulators of Skeletal Muscle Physiology." Cells 11, no. 11 (2022): 1789. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11111789.

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O-GlcNAcylation is a highly dynamic, reversible and atypical glycosylation that regulates the activity, biological function, stability, sublocation and interaction of target proteins. O-GlcNAcylation receives and coordinates different signal inputs as an intracellular integrator similar to the nutrient sensor and stress receptor, which target multiple substrates with spatio-temporal analysis specifically to maintain cellular homeostasis and normal physiological functions. Our review gives a brief description of O-GlcNAcylation and its only two processing enzymes and HBP flux, which will help t

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Li, Xiaoran, Yanping Zhong, Xudong Zhang, Anil Sood, and Jinsong Liu. "Abstract 108: Spatio-temporal view of malignant histogenesis and cancer evolution via formation of polyploid giant cancer cell." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-108.

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Abstract To understand how malignant tumors develop from single cells, we used long-term, time-lapse, live-cell imaging to track the dynamics of the cell membrane, nucleus, spindle, and cell cycle regulators during the development of high-grade, serous, carcinoma-derived organoids. Organoids are highly heterogeneous and include 2 major subtypes. Type-1 organoids are relatively homogeneous and develop via traditional mitosis, whereas type-2 organoids are highly heterogenous and are composed of differently sized polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs). Tracking the origin of PGCCs in type-2 organoi

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Mass, Elvira, Ivan Ballesteros, Matthias Farlik, et al. "Establishment of tissue-resident macrophage core and tissue specific programs during embryogenesis." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (2016): 52.14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.52.14.

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Abstract Tissue resident macrophages develop during embryogenesis, are maintained independently of hematopoietic stem cells during adulthood, and display tissue-specific functions and phenotypes. To understand the genetic program that drives macrophage differentiation from distinct progenitors and their tissue-specific identity, we performed a systematic spatio-temporal analysis of macrophage development in mice. Transcriptional and in situ analyses revealed that a core macrophage program is established very early and within a short time window and is conserved throughout fetal development and

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Jorgensen, A., J. E. Nielsen, M. Blomberg Jensen, N. Graem, and E. Rajpert-De Meyts. "Analysis of meiosis regulators in human gonads: a sexually dimorphic spatio-temporal expression pattern suggests involvement of DMRT1 in meiotic entry." Molecular Human Reproduction 18, no. 11 (2012): 523–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molehr/gas030.

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Serrano-Durán, Rafael, Diana López-Farfán, and Elena Gómez-Díaz. "Epigenetic and Epitranscriptomic Gene Regulation in Plasmodium falciparum and How We Can Use It against Malaria." Genes 13, no. 10 (2022): 1734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13101734.

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Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, is still one of the biggest global health challenges. P. falciparum is the deadliest species to humans. In this review, we discuss how this parasite develops and adapts to the complex and heterogenous environments of its two hosts thanks to varied chromatin-associated and epigenetic mechanisms. First, one small family of transcription factors, the ApiAP2 proteins, functions as master regulators of spatio-temporal patterns of gene expression through the parasite life cycle. In addition, chromatin plasticity determines variable parasite cell phenotypes th

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Héraud, Pinault, Lagrée, and Moreau. "p190RhoGAPs, the ARHGAP35- and ARHGAP5-Encoded Proteins, in Health and Disease." Cells 8, no. 4 (2019): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8040351.

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Small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) gathered in the Rat sarcoma (Ras) superfamily represent a large family of proteins involved in several key cellular mechanisms. Within the Ras superfamily, the Ras homolog (Rho) family is specialized in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton-based mechanisms. These proteins switch between an active and an inactive state, resulting in subsequent inhibiting or activating downstream signals, leading finally to regulation of actin-based processes. The On/Off status of Rho GTPases implicates two subsets of regulators: GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors

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Klett, Hagen, Lonny Jürgensen, Patrick Most, et al. "Delineating the Dynamic Transcriptome Response of mRNA and microRNA during Zebrafish Heart Regeneration." Biomolecules 9, no. 1 (2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9010011.

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Heart diseases are the leading cause of death for the vast majority of people around the world, which is often due to the limited capability of human cardiac regeneration. In contrast, zebrafish have the capacity to fully regenerate their hearts after cardiac injury. Understanding and activating these mechanisms would improve health in patients suffering from long-term consequences of ischemia. Therefore, we monitored the dynamic transcriptome response of both mRNA and microRNA in zebrafish at 1–160 days post cryoinjury (dpi). Using a control model of sham-operated and healthy fish, we extract

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Schweizer, Nina, Nisha Pawar, Matthias Weiss, and Helder Maiato. "An organelle-exclusion envelope assists mitosis and underlies distinct molecular crowding in the spindle region." Journal of Cell Biology 210, no. 5 (2015): 695–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201506107.

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The mitotic spindle is a microtubular assembly required for chromosome segregation during mitosis. Additionally, a spindle matrix has long been proposed to assist this process, but its nature has remained elusive. By combining live-cell imaging with laser microsurgery, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy in Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells, we uncovered a microtubule-independent mechanism that underlies the accumulation of molecules in the spindle region. This mechanism relies on a membranous system surrounding the mitotic spindle that defines

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Sasaki, T., J. Sasaki, K. Watanabe, and A. Suzuki. "Non-invasive visualization of the lipid product of class I PI3K in transgenic mouse models." Biochemical Society Transactions 35, no. 2 (2007): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0350215.

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PI3Ks (phosphoinositide 3-kinases) regulate many critical cellular responses by producing PI(3,4,5)P3 (phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate). To facilitate the spatio-temporal characterization of PI(3,4,5)P3 in living primary cells, we generated a novel strain of transgenic mice [AktPH (Akt pleckstrin homology domain)–GFP (green fluorescent protein) Tg (transgenic) mice] that express a fluorescent bioprobe for PI(3,4,5)P3/PI(3,4)P2 (phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate). By crossing AktPH–GFP Tg mice with strains of gene-targeted ‘knockout’ mice lacking a particular phosphoinositide-metab

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Salameh, Ala A. M., Matilde García-Valdecasas Ojeda, María Jesús Esteban-Parra, Yolanda Castro-Díez, and Sonia R. Gámiz-Fortis. "Extreme Rainfall Indices in Southern Levant and Related Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation Patterns: A Spatial and Temporal Analysis." Water 14, no. 23 (2022): 3799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14233799.

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This study aims to provide a comprehensive spatio-temporal analysis of the annual and seasonal extreme rainfall indices over the southern Levant from 1970 to 2020. For this, temporal and spatial trends of 15 climate extreme indices based on daily precipitation at 66 stations distributed across Israel and Palestine territories were annually and seasonally analyzed through the nonparametric Mann–Kendall test and the Sen’s slope estimator. The annual averages for frequency-based extreme indices exhibited decreasing trends, significantly for the Consecutive Dry Days. In contrast, the percentiles-

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Patsoukis, Nikolaos, Esther M. Lafuente, Paul Meraner та ін. "RIAM Regulate Spatio-Temporal Distribution of PLC-γ1 and Calcium Mobilization during T Cell Activation". Blood 112, № 11 (2008): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.673.673.

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Abstract T cell receptor (TCR) ligation induces rapid polarization of the actin cytoskeleton resulting in the formation of the immunological synapse (IS), recruitment of signaling molecules, and initiation of signaling cascades leading to T cell activation. Specific recruitment, redistribution and organization of signaling molecules in the IS is facilitated by lipid raft microdomains, which provide a scaffold for focal protein assembly. Fyn and ZAP-70 are the most proximal TCR signaling molecules that localize in the IS and are redistributed in the lipid rafts during T cell activation. Current

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Emig, Ramona, Callum M. Zgierski-Johnston, Viviane Timmermann, et al. "Passive myocardial mechanical properties: meaning, measurement, models." Biophysical Reviews 13, no. 5 (2021): 587–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12551-021-00838-1.

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AbstractPassive mechanical tissue properties are major determinants of myocardial contraction and relaxation and, thus, shape cardiac function. Tightly regulated, dynamically adapting throughout life, and affecting a host of cellular functions, passive tissue mechanics also contribute to cardiac dysfunction. Development of treatments and early identification of diseases requires better spatio-temporal characterisation of tissue mechanical properties and their underlying mechanisms. With this understanding, key regulators may be identified, providing pathways with potential to control and limit

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Noatynska, Anna, Nicolas Tavernier, Monica Gotta, and Lionel Pintard. "Coordinating cell polarity and cell cycle progression: what can we learn from flies and worms?" Open Biology 3, no. 8 (2013): 130083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.130083.

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Spatio-temporal coordination of events during cell division is crucial for animal development. In recent years, emerging data have strengthened the notion that tight coupling of cell cycle progression and cell polarity in dividing cells is crucial for asymmetric cell division and ultimately for metazoan development. Although it is acknowledged that such coupling exists, the molecular mechanisms linking the cell cycle and cell polarity machineries are still under investigation. Key cell cycle regulators control cell polarity, and thus influence cell fate determination and/or differentiation, wh

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Zibetti, Cristina. "Deciphering the Retinal Epigenome during Development, Disease and Reprogramming: Advancements, Challenges and Perspectives." Cells 11, no. 5 (2022): 806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11050806.

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Retinal neurogenesis is driven by concerted actions of transcription factors, some of which are expressed in a continuum and across several cell subtypes throughout development. While seemingly redundant, many factors diversify their regulatory outcome on gene expression, by coordinating variations in chromatin landscapes to drive divergent retinal specification programs. Recent studies have furthered the understanding of the epigenetic contribution to the progression of age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of blindness in the elderly. The knowledge of the epigenomic mechanisms th

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Rezki, Samir, Claire Campion, Beatrice Iacomi-Vasilescu, et al. "Differences in stability of seed-associated microbial assemblages in response to invasion by phytopathogenic microorganisms." PeerJ 4 (April 11, 2016): e1923. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1923.

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Seeds are involved in the vertical transmission of microorganisms from one plant generation to another and consequently act as reservoirs for the plant microbiota. However, little is known about the structure of seed-associated microbial assemblages and the regulators of assemblage structure. In this work, we have assessed the response of seed-associated microbial assemblages ofRaphanus sativusto invading phytopathogenic agents, the bacterial strainXanthomonas campestrispv.campestris(Xcc) 8004 and the fungal strainAlternaria brassicicolaAbra43. According to the indicators of bacterial (16S rRN

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Pichura, Vitalii, Yevhenii Domaratskiy, Larisa Potravka, Oleksandra Biloshkurenko, and Andrey Dobrovol’skiy. "Application of the Research on Spatio-Temporal Differentiation of a Vegetation Index in Evaluating Sunflower Hybrid Plasticity and Growth-Regulators in the Steppe Zone of Ukraine." Journal of Ecological Engineering 24, no. 6 (2023): 144–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12911/22998993/162782.

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Miro, Julie, Anne-Laure Bougé, Eva Murauer, et al. "First Identification of RNA-Binding Proteins That Regulate Alternative Exons in the Dystrophin Gene." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 20 (2020): 7803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207803.

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The Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene has a complex expression pattern regulated by multiple tissue-specific promoters and by alternative splicing (AS) of the resulting transcripts. Here, we used an RNAi-based approach coupled with DMD-targeted RNA-seq to identify RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that regulate splicing of its skeletal muscle isoform (Dp427m) in a human muscular cell line. A total of 16 RBPs comprising the major regulators of muscle-specific splicing events were tested. We show that distinct combinations of RBPs maintain the correct inclusion in the Dp427m of exons that undergo

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Li, Qiaowei, Liyuan Wang, Kai Xing, et al. "Identification of circRNAs Associated with Adipogenesis Based on RNA-seq Data in Pigs." Genes 13, no. 11 (2022): 2062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13112062.

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Adipocytes or fat cells play a vital role in the storage and release of energy in pigs, and many circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as important regulators in various tissues and cell types in pigs. However, the spatio-temporal expression pattern of circRNAs between different adipose deposition breeds remains elusive. In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) produced transcriptome profiles of Western Landrace (lean-type) and Chinese Songliao black pigs (obese-type) with different thicknesses of subcutaneous fat tissues and were used to identify circRNAs involved in the regulation of adipogen

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Park, Jiwon, and Carsten Gram Hansen. "Cellular feedback dynamics and multilevel regulation driven by the hippo pathway." Biochemical Society Transactions 49, no. 4 (2021): 1515–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20200253.

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The Hippo pathway is a dynamic cellular signalling nexus that regulates differentiation and controls cell proliferation and death. If the Hippo pathway is not precisely regulated, the functionality of the upstream kinase module is impaired, which increases nuclear localisation and activity of the central effectors, the transcriptional co-regulators YAP and TAZ. Pathological YAP and TAZ hyperactivity consequently cause cancer, fibrosis and developmental defects. The Hippo pathway controls an array of fundamental cellular processes, including adhesion, migration, mitosis, polarity and secretion

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Sello, Cornelius Tlotliso, Chang Liu, Hongtao Lu, et al. "Variations in the Expression Pattern of HSP27 and MSK1 Genes During the Development of Prehierarchical Follicles in the Zi Geese (Anser Cygnoides)." Annals of Animal Science 20, no. 1 (2020): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2019-0048.

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AbstractThe p38MAPKs (mitogen-activated protein kinases) signaling contributes a pivotal role in mammalian ovarian follicular development; however, the knowledge regarding their expression in geese remains unresolved. The objective of the current study was to determine the spatio-temporal expression of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1 (MSK1) genes in the prehierarchical follicles during geese ovarian development. The prehierarchical follicles samples were harvested from 35- to 37-week-old healthy laying geese. HSP27 and MSK1 relative expression i

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Ramezanidoraki, Nasim, Driss El Ouardi, Margaux Le, et al. "Activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Cajal–Retzius Cells Leads to Their Survival and Increases Susceptibility to Kainate-Induced Seizures." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 6 (2023): 5376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065376.

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Cajal–Retzius cells (CRs) are a class of transient neurons in the mammalian cortex that play a critical role in cortical development. Neocortical CRs undergo almost complete elimination in the first two postnatal weeks in rodents and the persistence of CRs during postnatal life has been detected in pathological conditions related to epilepsy. However, it is unclear whether their persistence is a cause or consequence of these diseases. To decipher the molecular mechanisms involved in CR death, we investigated the contribution of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway as it plays a critical role in cell surv

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Bianchi, Greta, Stefania Brocca, Sonia Longhi, and Vladimir N. Uversky. "Liaisons dangereuses: Intrinsic Disorder in Cellular Proteins Recruited to Viral Infection-Related Biocondensates." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (2023): 2151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032151.

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Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) is responsible for the formation of so-called membrane-less organelles (MLOs) that are essential for the spatio-temporal organization of the cell. Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) or regions (IDRs), either alone or in conjunction with nucleic acids, are involved in the formation of these intracellular condensates. Notably, viruses exploit LLPS at their own benefit to form viral replication compartments. Beyond giving rise to biomolecular condensates, viral proteins are also known to partition into cellular MLOs, thus raising the question as to whet

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Pollard, Alison J., Colette Sparey, Stephen C. Robson, Adrian R. Krainer, and G. Nicholas Europe-Finner. "Spatio-Temporal Expression of the Trans-Acting Splicing Factors SF2/ASF and Heterogeneous Ribonuclear Proteins A1/A1B in the Myometrium of the Pregnant Human Uterus: A Molecular Mechanism for Regulating Regional Protein Isoform Expression in Vivo*." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 85, no. 5 (2000): 1928–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem.85.5.6537.

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Abstract Many of the human myometrial proteins associated with uterine quiescence and the switch to coordinated contractions at the onset of labor exist as alternatively spliced isoforms. There is now extensive evidence to indicate that the nuclear concentrations of the trans-acting splicing regulators SF2/ASF and hnRNP A1/A1B are fundamental in regulating the expression of specific protein isoforms derived from alternative splicing of single precursor messenger ribonucleic acid transcripts. The question thus arose as to whether these factors were also involved in regulating the expression of

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Zinzen, Robert P., Charles Girardot, Julien Gagneur, Martina Braun, and Eileen E. M. Furlong. "Combinatorial binding predicts spatio-temporal cis-regulatory activity." Nature 462, no. 7269 (2009): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08531.

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Zhou, Li-hua, Yu-qin Li, Yong-quan Li, and Dan Wu. "Spatio-temporal expression of the pathway−specific regulatory generedDinS. coelicolor." Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE 6B, no. 6 (2005): 464–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.2005.b0464.

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Scacchi, E., P. Salinas, B. Gujas, et al. "Spatio-temporal sequence of cross-regulatory events in root meristem growth." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 52 (2010): 22734–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014716108.

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Juillot, Samuel, Hannes M. Beyer, Josef Madl, Wilfried Weber, Matias D. Zurbriggen, and Winfried Römer. "Signalling to the nucleus under the control of light and small molecules." Molecular BioSystems 12, no. 2 (2016): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5mb00763a.

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One major regulatory mechanism in cell signalling is the spatio-temporal control of the localization of signalling molecules. We synthetically designed an entire cell signalling pathway, which allows controlling the transport of signalling molecules from the plasma membrane to the nucleus, by using light and small molecules.

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Rashkov, Peter, Bernhard A. Schmitt, Daniela Keilberg, Lotte Søgaard-Andersen, and Stephan Dahlke. "A model for spatio-temporal dynamics in a regulatory network for cell polarity." Mathematical Biosciences 258 (December 2014): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2014.10.005.

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Kim, Yujin, and Joon-Yong An. "Spatio-Temporal Roles of ASD-Associated Variants in Human Brain Development." Genes 11, no. 5 (2020): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11050535.

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Transcriptional regulation of the genome arguably provides the basis for the anatomical elaboration and dynamic operation of the human brain. It logically follows that genetic variations affecting gene transcription contribute to mental health disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A number of recent studies have shown the role of de novo variants (DNVs) in disrupting early neurodevelopment. However, there is limited knowledge concerning the role of inherited variants during the early brain development of ASD. In this study, we investigate the role of rare inherited variations in

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Guimond, S., K. Turner, M. Kita, M. Ford-Perriss, and J. Turnbull. "Dynamic biosynthesis of heparan sulphate sequences in developing mouse brain: a potential regulatory mechanism during development." Biochemical Society Transactions 29, no. 2 (2001): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0290177.

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Over recent years our understanding of the functions of the heparan sulphate (HS) family of complex polysaccharides has shifted dramatically. Once seen as simply structural scaffolding in the extracellular matrix, they are now viewed as critical players in the regulatory network of cells. They are strategically located at the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix, and there has been an increasing realization that specific sequences in the HS chains are designed for selective interactions with many proteins. Functionally, these interactions result in regulation of the protein activities.

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Dong, Peng, and Zhe Liu. "Shaping development by stochasticity and dynamics in gene regulation." Open Biology 7, no. 5 (2017): 170030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.170030.

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Animal development is orchestrated by spatio-temporal gene expression programmes that drive precise lineage commitment, proliferation and migration events at the single-cell level, collectively leading to large-scale morphological change and functional specification in the whole organism. Efforts over decades have uncovered two ‘seemingly contradictory’ mechanisms in gene regulation governing these intricate processes: (i) stochasticity at individual gene regulatory steps in single cells and (ii) highly coordinated gene expression dynamics in the embryo. Here we discuss how these two layers of

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Vannoppen, Astrid, Jeroen Degerickx, Niels Souverijns, and Anne Gobin. "Spatio-Temporal Dynamics in Grasslands Using the Landsat Archive." Land 12, no. 4 (2023): 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12040934.

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Grasslands are an important biotope in Europe, not only because they are widespread, but also because they provide valuable ecosystem services. The ecological value of a grassland parcel is directly proportional to the number of uninterrupted years of grassland cover. However, the area of long-term grassland (i.e., grassland of 5 years or older) is decreasing, limiting its ability to provide ecosystem services. To prevent the further disappearance of long-term grasslands, Europe developed an agricultural policy instrument in 2003 to protect grasslands of 5 years or older. Nature policy instrum

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Kim, Juhuhn, Michael T. M. Emmerich, Robert Voors, Barend Ording, and Jong-Seok Lee. "A Systematic Approach to Identify Shipping Emissions Using Spatio-Temporally Resolved TROPOMI Data." Remote Sensing 15, no. 13 (2023): 3453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15133453.

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Stringent global regulations aim to reduce nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions from maritime shipping. However, the lack of a global monitoring system makes compliance verification challenging. To address this issue, we propose a systematic approach to monitor shipping emissions using unsupervised clustering techniques on spatio-temporal georeferenced data, specifically NO2 measurements obtained from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on board the Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite. Our method involves partitioning spatio-temporally resolved measurements based on the similari

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Alzahrani, Talal. "Spatio-Temporal Modeling of Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection." Mathematics 9, no. 24 (2021): 3274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9243274.

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COVID-19 is a disease occurring as a result of infection by a novel coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. Since the WHO announced COVID-19 as a global pandemic, mathematical works have taken place to simulate infection scenarios at different scales even though the majority of these models only consider the temporal dynamics of SARS-COV-2. In this paper, we present a new spatio-temporal within-host mathematical model of COVID-19, accounting for the coupled dynamics of healthy cells, infected cells, SARS-CoV-2 molecules, chemokine concentration, effector T cells, regulatory T cells, B-lymphocytes cells

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Lee, Bogyeong, Sungkook Hong, and Hyunsoo Kim. "Determination of workers' compliance to safety regulations using a spatio-temporal graph convolution network." Advanced Engineering Informatics 56 (April 2023): 101942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2023.101942.

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Alzein, Mohamad, Estefanía Lozano-Velasco, Francisco Hernández-Torres, et al. "Differential Spatio-Temporal Regulation of T-Box Gene Expression by microRNAs during Cardiac Development." Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 8, no. 5 (2021): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd8050056.

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Cardiovascular development is a complex process that starts with the formation of symmetrically located precardiac mesodermal precursors soon after gastrulation and is completed with the formation of a four-chambered heart with distinct inlet and outlet connections. Multiple transcriptional inputs are required to provide adequate regional identity to the forming atrial and ventricular chambers as well as their flanking regions; i.e., inflow tract, atrioventricular canal, and outflow tract. In this context, regional chamber identity is widely governed by regional activation of distinct T-box fa

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Da Rocha, Martine, Caroline Bournaud, Julie Dazenière, et al. "Genome Expression Dynamics Reveal the Parasitism Regulatory Landscape of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita and a Promoter Motif Associated with Effector Genes." Genes 12, no. 5 (2021): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12050771.

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Root-knot nematodes (genus Meloidogyne) are the major contributor to crop losses caused by nematodes. These nematodes secrete effector proteins into the plant, derived from two sets of pharyngeal gland cells, to manipulate host physiology and immunity. Successful completion of the life cycle, involving successive molts from egg to adult, covers morphologically and functionally distinct stages and will require precise control of gene expression, including effector genes. The details of how root-knot nematodes regulate transcription remain sparse. Here, we report a life stage-specific transcript

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