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Journal articles on the topic 'Spear fishing'
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1
Barreiros, João P. "Solidarity Fishing – Spear Fishing of Alien Fish Feeds People." International Journal of Marine Biology and Research 1, no. 2 (October 31, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15226/24754706/1/2/00106.
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Beckerman, Stephen. "Bar� spear fishing: Advantages to group formation?" Human Ecology 19, no. 4 (December 1991): 529–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00889795.
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Hoefflin, Steven M., and Alex Rubin. "SPEAR FISHING: PEARLS IN REPOSITIONING FACIAL SOFT TISSUE." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 106, no. 6 (November 2000): 1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-200011000-00043.
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Guidetti, P., E. Vierucci, and S. Bussotti. "Differences in escape response of fish in protected and fished Mediterranean rocky reefs." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88, no. 3 (May 2008): 625–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408000933.
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In both protected and fished rocky reefs in the southern Adriatic Sea, the behaviour of the sea breams Diplodus sargus and D. vulgaris (both targeted by spear-fishing) in the presence of divers was found to be mostly negative (i.e. escape response). However, at protected reefs sea breams frequently swam into the closest shelters, whereas in fished reefs they mostly escaped in open water. This study suggests that spear-fishing may alter the escape response of fish from natural predators and that marine reserves may re-establish natural behaviour patterns.
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Ota, Yoshitaka. "Fluid Bodies in the Sea: An Ethnography of Underwater Spear Gun Fishing in Palau, Micronesia." Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 10, no. 2 (2006): 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853506777965811.
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AbstractUnderwater spear gun fishing is the most popular fishing method used in indigenous inshore fishing in Palau, West Micronesia. Two major characteristics of this method are: first, the opportunity offered to fishermen to enter and experience another sphere of the seascape, the underwater world; and, second, the extreme physical challenge involved in the fishermen's constant bodily movement in and under the water. Fishermen skin-dive deep into coral reefs in order to shoot fish with hand-made spear-guns, swimming through the water swiftly to approach their targets. In this form of fishing, they experience the fluid nature of the underwater domain at the level of their skin, and move their bodies in accord with the visibility, auditory experience and the physicality of the particular environment. This paper argues that the fishermen's focus on bodily movement contributes to their constructions of masculinity, and culturally embodies the fluidity of underwater seascapes.
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Lukman, L., T. Triyanto, G. S. Haryani, O. Samir, L. Gogali, and K. P. Bandjolu. "Eel (Anguilla spp.) fishing activity in Poso Area Central Sulawesi, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 869, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/869/1/012022.
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Abstract Poso in Sulawesi, primarily the Lake Poso and Poso River, is known as eel (Anguilla spp.) fishing areas. Therefore, research of eel fishing is required as base information for evaluating and determining policies for its activities. The eel fishing research in the Poso area was conducted through primary data observations, secondary data traces, and interviews from April to June 2021. The fishing activities take place in the Lake Poso and Poso River shore and the rivers of the lake inlets. The fishing gear that contributed greatly to the catch was fence traps and spears. The local community’s fence trap called waya is a unique gear only found in this area, and it is installed in Poso River around the lake outlets. The gears block the rivers to catch downstream migration eels. The spear is fishing gear (including for eels) operated at night in shallow waters, especially in the outlets of Lake Poso. The eel production recorded from the Poso areas for the last four years has been 6.7–15.5 tons per year, and the highest production was in Pamona Puselemba.
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New, William, and Loucas Petronicolos. "Spear Fishing in Wisconsin: Multicultural education as symbolic violence." Race Ethnicity and Education 4, no. 1 (February 2001): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713693048.
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Petronicolos, William New, Loucas. "Spear Fishing in Wisconsin: multicultural education as symbolic violence." Race, Ethnicity and Education 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13613320124085.
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Zeligowski, A. A., M. Ilsar, S. Berger, R. Zeltser, and J. Pe'er. "Eye Injuries Induced by a Barbed Three-Pronged Fishing Spear." Archives of Ophthalmology 104, no. 5 (May 1, 1986): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archopht.1986.01050170029007.
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Joadder, Md Abdur Razzaq, Md Bayezid Alam, Md Abu Bakar Siddique, and Jannatun Naim. "Present status of fish diversity in the Beel Kumari in relation to fish sanctuary and fishing gears." Journal of Fisheries 4, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/jfish.v4i2.2016.172.
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The study was conducted on Beel Kumari beel (wetland) in Rajshahi, Bangladesh from October 2013 to September 2014. A total of 52 species of fish were recorded and the dominant species was Mystus tengara (Tanagra (9.75%). Exotic species like bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were also commonly found. Of the indigenous species, Ompok bimaculatus, Puntius sarana, Pseudeutropius atherinoides, Botia dario, Mystus aor and Chitala chitala were abundant, though these species were rare before the establishment of the fish sanctuary. Four groups of fishing gears i.e. net, trap, spear and harpoons and line fishing were found to use, among them 8 types of net, 7 types of trap, 4 types of spear and harpoon and 4 types of line fishing were recorded. Among these gill net contributed to the highest catch (32%) and push net was the lowest (6%). Most of the respondents (80%) were found to believe that their fish catch had increased considerably due to impact of fish sanctuary establishment and effective community based fisheries management approach employed in this beel.
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Joadder, Md Abdur Razzak, Md Bayazid Alam, Md Abu Bakar Siddique, and Jannatun Naim. "Present status of fish diversity in the Beel Kumari in relation to fish sanctuary and fishing gears." Journal of Fisheries 4, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17017/j.fish.119.
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The study was conducted on Beel Kumari beel (wetland) in Rajshahi, Bangladesh from October 2013 to September 2014. A total of 52 species of fish were recorded and the dominant species was Mystus tengara (Tanagra (9.75%). Exotic species like bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were also commonly found. Of the indigenous species, Ompok bimaculatus, Puntius sarana, Pseudeutropius atherinoides, Botia dario, Mystus aor and Chitala chitala were abundant, though these species were rare before the establishment of the fish sanctuary. Four groups of fishing gears i.e. net, trap, spear and harpoons and line fishing were found to use, among them 8 types of net, 7 types of trap, 4 types of spear and harpoon and 4 types of line fishing were recorded. Among these gill net contributed to the highest catch (32%) and push net was the lowest (6%). Most of the respondents (80%) were found to believe that their fish catch had increased considerably due to impact of fish sanctuary establishment and effective community based fisheries management approach employed in this beel.
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Steele, Dominic. "Fishing in Port Jackson, New South Wales–more than met the eye." Antiquity 69, no. 262 (March 1995): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00064292.
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Contemporary diaries and the water-colours of artists such as the Port Jackson Painter vividly tell of Aboriginal life when the First Fleet in 1788 settled its cargo of convicts in Australia. Fishing was important around the waters of Port Jackson, whose Aboriginal inhabitants are recorded to have used the techniques of spear-fishing and angling. Were other methods also used? Fish remains from a shell midden provide an opportunity to investigate.
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Costa, Samuel Macedo, Bruna Campos Ribeiro, Bernardo Barcelos Greco, Rodolfo César Gual, Alessandro Oliveira de Jesus, and Marcio Bruno Figueiredo Amaral. "Unusual mandible fracture caused by metallic spear: case report and literature review." Journal of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery 26, no. 2 (2020): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mbcb/2020014.
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Spear gun projectiles injuries are are very rare and are usually related to lack of attention during water- sports or fishing practices. This study aims to describe an unusual case of facial injury associated with a mandibular fracture after a spear gun shot. A 38-years-old man was admitted with a history of penetrating injury on the face caused by an accidental shot from a spear gun. After the initial stabilization and examination, the patient was taken to the surgical room for the removal of the projectile. The post-operative care was uneventful and the patient was discharged with no concerns, being in follow-up for one year with no signs of infection or malocclusion. The surgical procedure should be done as soon as possible and the removal of the spear must be done carefully, under direct vision, with or without surgical incisions. Major complications can occur after spear injuries, therefore, the patient must be observed in the postoperative period and should maintain follow up until the end of the rehabilitative process.
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Welch, David J., Bruce D. Mapstone, Campbell R. Davies, and Garry R. Russ. "Spatial and fishing effects on sampling gear biases in a tropical reef line fishery." Marine and Freshwater Research 61, no. 10 (2010): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09278.
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Biased estimates of population parameters for harvested stocks can have severe implications for fishery management strategy choices. Hook-and-line fishing gear is size-selective and therefore collects biased samples from wild populations. Such biases may also vary in space and time. To assess this assertion, we compared line- and spear-caught samples of the main target species of an Australian hook-and-line fishery to quantify relative bias in size and age structure estimates. We also assessed the consistency of biases among four fishery regions and between two management zones – areas open and closed to fishing. Fish less than 310 mm and younger than 4 years comprised a larger proportion of the speared than the line samples regardless of region or management zone. Conversely, hook-and-line sampled more fish in larger size classes (>370 mm) and older age classes (≥6 years) relative to spear fishing. These biases were qualitatively, but not quantitatively, consistent in all regions and management zones. This variation in sampling resulted in different inferences about regional and zone-related patterns in population size and age structure. We recommend careful consideration of sampling bias when drawing conclusions about regional and management zone effects on fish populations.
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Altun, Serdar, Ahmet Cetinbas, M. Ihsan Okur, Ali Bal, and Aysun Yildiz Altun. "Penetrating Facial Trauma in Children due to a Fishing Spear or Screwdriver." Turkish Journal of Plastic Surgery / Türk Plastik, Rekonstrüktif ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi 24, no. 3 (July 29, 2016): 160–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/turkjplastsurg.2016.2075.
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Listiani, Yuni, and Basuki Teguh Yuwono. "PENCIPTAAN TOMBAK DHAPUR IKAN KOI." Sanggitarupa 2, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33153/sanggitarupa.v2i1.4772.
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Koi fish (Cyprinus carpio) is a type of ornamental fish that easily adapts to its new environment, this fish is classified as carp (carp). Koi have senses in the form of a pair of eyes (sight), nose (smell), and antennae (taste). And has a swim bladder that helps in swimming such as floating, swooping, or looking up. The creation method used in the process of creating this koi fish spear uses the theory of S.P. Gustami, namely: the first stage of exploration which includes exploration activities to explore sources of ideas through observation, literature study, interviews, and documentation by collecting data in the form of references to writings, pictures, journals, final project reports, photographs of works, photos of objects related to theme. The two design stages include ideas in the form of alternative sketches, selected designs, and working drawings. The three stages of embodiment include the final process starting from the forging, grinding, turning, nyangkling, tinatah, ngamal and warangi processes. Koi fish are a source of inspiration for writers because of the attractive, beautiful, symbolic aspects, meanings and benefits that can be visualized into spear work. Spear is a traditional weapon that is found in all civilizations of the world, during the stone age. Derived from a pointed stone that is given a long stalk, the tool is used for hunting, fishing, and fighting. Over time, spears were used for traditional ceremonies, and were used as heirlooms for generations.
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Soleiman, Saleh. "Deceased’s son fishing and fowling in the old kingdom tombs." Journal of Historical Archaeology & Anthropological Sciences 3, no. 4 (August 21, 2018): 601–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jhaas.2018.03.00138.
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This article1deals with the representations of the deceased’s son fishing and fowling in the Old Kingdom tombs. There are fourteen examples in ten tombs. These scenes are found in the Memphis necropolis and the provincial cemeteries. The dating of the scene and purpose of its appearance within a certain time, the attire of the son, the fishing or fowling equipment, and accompanying inscriptions will be considered. Eleven significances of the scene will be suggested. The article will provide the reason for the spread of images of the son fishing rather than fowling, the reason for the son wearing the fillet and the streamer and the short kilt with the triangular apron. The reason for depicting the son, holding the spear at a straight/ slightly sloping horizontal angle being more common than holding it at a steep angle, will be guessed.
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Maulana, M. Raja, Fidya Varayesi, Dahrul Effendi, and Rian Cahya Rohmana. "ANALISIS FISHING JOB SUMUR “RM” PADA LAPANGAN PANAS BUMI." Jurnal Teknik & Teknologi Terapan 1, no. 2 (October 26, 2023): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47970/jttt.v1i2.486.
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Fishing Job merupakan pekerjaan yang dilakukan untuk mengambil kembali alat-alat yang terjatuh kedalam sumur. Alat yang terjatuh ini harus secepatnya diangkat kepermukaan karena semakin lama akan sulit untuk diangkat kepermukaan dan juga akan menghambat proses pemboran maupun produksi. Suatu sumur akan segera dilakukan Well Completion dan akan segera diproduksikan. Namun, dikarenakan didalam sumur tersebut masih ada peralatan yang tertinggal pada kedalaman 1852,51 mMD maka akan dilakukan pekerjaan Fishing Job terlebih dahulu. Peralatan yang digunakan untuk pekerjaan Fishing ini yaitu Cable Spear 4-7/8” Peralatan yang tertinggal didalam sumur tersebut diantaranya Slickline sepanjang -/+ 780 M dan Pressure Temperature Spinner Tools (PTS Tools) sepanjang 280 Cm dan berat 35,4 Kg. Pekerjaan Fishing Job ini dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali pekerjaan yang diantaranya mampu mengangkan Fish (Slickline) sepanjang ± 64,7 M dan berat 2.2 Kg. Sehingga fish yang masih tertinggal didalam sumur yaitu Slickline sepanjang 503,3 M dan PTS Tools. Peralatan tersebut tentunya tidak akan dibiarkan begitu saja berada didalam sumur, maka dilakukan pekerjaan pendorongan Fish kebawah Feed Zone (dibawah zona perforasi). Pada pekerjaan fishing ini dilakukan juga perhitungan keekonomisan untuk mendapatkan perhitungan yang efektif pada pekerjaan fishing job 1, 2 dan 3. Hasil yang didapatkan dari perhitungan program fishing time yaitu sebanyak 11.3 hari dan perhitungan real time fishing job mendapatkan hasil 6.9 hari. Sehingga pekerjaan fishing job pada sumur RM menghemat waktu selama 4.4 hari. Maka pekerjaan fishing job pada sumur RM tidak mengalami kerugian waktu dan biaya.
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Nair, Aditi, Sutirtha Dutta, Deepak Apte, and Balasaheb Kulkarni. "Assessing abundance and catch selectivity of Octopus cyanea by the artisanal fishery in Lakshadweep islands, India." Aquatic Living Resources 31 (2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/alr/2017050.
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Subsistence fishery for cephalopods contributes significantly to the local economy of several Asian, African and island states. In addition to being unregulated and undocumented, recent studies indicate that low-scale fisheries can have detrimental effects on marine ecosystems. In the Lakshadweep islands, men, women and children have been involved in spear fishing for octopus for a long time, but there is a paucity of information on the biology and fishery of the octopus species in Indian waters. In this study, we estimated the population abundance, morphometry and sex ratio of Octopus cyanea. Moreover, we examined whether the current octopus spear fishing activity displayed size or sex selectivity, given that larger individuals are easier to spot and brooding females spend more time in crevices. O. cyanea surveys were conducted by snorkeling in the lagoons of Kavaratti and Agatti islands between November 2008 and April 2012. The estimated mean density of O. cyanea was 3 and 2.5 individuals per hectare in Agatti and Kavaratti, respectively. Individual mean weight was 923.36 g and 846.26 g in Agatti and Kavaratti and the male:female sex ratio 1.35:1 and 3.8:1, respectively. Comparison between visual counts and fisheries landings indicated that fishing effort was concentrated in areas of high juvenile abundance but without female-bias. Constructing a long-term database of fishery catches will help with stock assessment and understanding the factors that influence octopus populations. Implementation of a lower size limit of 500 g would act as a precautionary measure against catching very small octopuses.
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Oearsakul, Thakul, Anukoon Kaewborisutsakul, Kitti Jantharapattana, Rujimas Khumtong, Asamaporn Puetpaiboon, and Burapat Sangthong. "Multidisciplinary management of a penetrating cerebellar injury by a fishing speargun: A case study and literature review." Surgical Neurology International 12 (August 3, 2021): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_506_2021.
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Background: Fishing spearguns are a rare cause of nonmissile penetrating brain injuries (PBIs). Discussion of their injury patterns and treatments has been published only sporadically. Here, we report a case of a self-inflicted PBI caused by this type of weapon and present an extensive review of previous case reports to help ascertain the appropriate surgical approach. Case Description: A 26-year-old man with a preexisting psychiatric illness was transferred to our hospital after a self-inflicted shot with a fishing speargun through his mouth. The ensuing injuries included the impalement of a spear intracranially through the soft palate and posterior oropharyngeal wall. The spear was surgically accessed by the otolaryngology team by splitting the soft palate and was removed by the neurosurgery team in the retrograde direction. Cerebral angiographies were done pre- and postoperatively, and these did not detect any vertebrobasilar arterial system injuries. The patient’s postoperative care was uneventful, and he was followed up by a psychiatrist for his long-term care. Conclusion: This example of a complicated case of nonmissile PBI caused by an uncommon type of weapon shows how this type of medical emergency can be managed successfully with effective teamwork using a multidisciplinary approach.
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Putra, Apriza Hongko. "Iktiofauna di Sungai Batang Merangin dan Sungai Nilo Kabupaten Merangin, Jambi." BIOEDUSAINS:Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v3i2.1838.
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This research aimed to inventory freshwater fish species in Batang Merangin River and Nilo river in Merangin Regency, Jambi. The research had been conducted from July- December 2018. It used descriptive survey method. Sampling of fish species was done purposively at 08.00 am-05.00am and 07.00pm-00am by using fishing rod, fishing net, fish spear, fishing fork. The result showed that totally 53 species of fish was catched classified to 16 families from Batang Merangin and Nilo river. In Batang Merangin was found 52 species, while in Nilo river was found 32 species. The families were Cyprinidae (22 species), Channidae (3 species), Mastacembelide (3 species), Botidae (2 species), Bagridae (7 species), Siluridae (2 species), Ospronemidae (2 species), Balitoridae (2 species), Pangasidae (2 species), Cynoglossidae (1 species), Clariidae ( 1 species), Akysidae (1 species), Notopteridae (1 species), Belonidae (1 species) , Cobitidae (1 species), dan tetraodontidae (1 species).
Keywords: Ichtyofauna, Batang Merangin river, Nilo river.
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Syadli, Nur Muhammad, Am Azbas Taurusman, Ika Prihatin Wahyuningrum, and Budy Wiryawan. "UKURAN LAYAK TANGKAP DAN DAMPAK EKOLOGIS PENANGKAPAN BARONANG (Siganidae) DI PERAIRAN PULAU HARAPAN, KEPULAUAN SERIBU, JAKARTA." Marine Fisheries : Journal of Marine Fisheries Technology and Management 13, no. 2 (November 11, 2022): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jmf.v13i2.41138.
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Rabbitfishes (Siganids) fishing activities tend to increase and potentially impact fish target and ecosystem, which is indicated by changes in population size and structure and the trophic level of the catches. Scientific information on Siganids fishing techniques and its ecological impact are limited. The aims of the study are: (1) to describe technical fishing aspects of Siganids fishery; (2) to estimate parameters of length at first maturity (Lm) as catch size limit indicators for this fish target; (3) to evaluate the impact of fishing on food chain balances (trophic level) the fish resources in this study area. The Siganids fishing techniques were observed during the field study. The catch of Siganids species and other fishes from various fishing gears were sampled, then identified and calculated individually. The samples of Siganids fish were also measured for its length and weight. This study showed that the fishers were used three kinds of fishing gears to target the Siganids fish, i.e., rope traps, bamboo traps, and spear gun. There were five species of Siganids caught during the research, they are: Barhead spinefoot (Siganus virgatus), Goldspotted spinefoot (S. punctatus), Streaked spinefoot (S. javus), Orange-spotted spinefoot (S. guttatus), and White-spotted spinefoot (S. canaliculatus), with the Lm value of 3.5, 22.8, 30.6, 21.2, and 20.8 cm, respectively. All catches of the Siganids exceeded the catch size limit (Lm), except for S. punctatus and S. Javus which was only 65.51% and 4.00% of the respective catches were acceptable in size. Finally, the Siganids fishing activities in the study area potentially impacted the ecological function of natural food chain balance (trophic level). It was indicated by the dominance (48%) of the catches on trophic level 3.
Keywords: fishing impact, rabbitfish, Siganidae, size limit, trophic level
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Markaida, Unai, Iván Méndez-Loeza, and Martha Laura Rosales-Raya. "Seasonal and spatial trends of Mayan octopus, Octopus maya, population dynamics from Campeche, Mexico." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97, no. 8 (August 30, 2016): 1663–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315416001132.
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High plasticity in cephalopod populations shows dramatic changes in their biological traits. Commercial catches of Mayan octopus (Octopus maya) in six localities of the state of Campeche, Mexico, were sampled monthly for five consecutive fishing seasons (2005–2009) in order to describe variations in population structure and maturation. Octopus maya grows and matures during the fishing season, from August to December. Spent individuals predominate in January and February, revealing a year-long life cycle. However, the presence of a few spent females in all months sampled suggests that a small part of the population shows an extended spawning period. Overall sex ratios did not significantly shift from the expected 1:1 in most samples. Males are mostly mature while the majority of females are immature during the season. Use of illegal fishing gears (spear diving or pots) in central localities accounts for a larger share in mature females. Octopus size showed large interannual and geographic differences. Females mature at a larger size (1024 g body weight, BW; 124 mm mantle length, ML) than males (484 g BW; 91 mm ML). Size at maturity in both sexes varies more between seasons than between localities. Female ML at maturity is larger than the current minimum legal size and implications for current octopus fishing regulations are discussed.
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Delikoukos, S., and F. Mantzos. "Thyroid storm induced by trauma due to spear fishing-gun trident impaction in the neck." Emergency Medicine Journal 24, no. 5 (May 1, 2007): 355–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.2006.044115.
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Delikoukos, S., and F. Mantzos. "Thyroid storm induced by trauma due to spear-fishing gun trident impaction in the neck." Case Reports 2009, jun25 1 (June 25, 2009): bcr1220081391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr.12.2008.1391.
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endo, tetsuhiko. "Swimming with Spears." Gastronomica 12, no. 3 (2012): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2012.12.3.12.
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This article is about the relationship between man and meal and how that relationship is affected by having to source, stalk, and kill your own food. When Tetsuhiko Endo takes up spearfishing while living in a small town on the coast of New South Wales, Australia, his knowledge of fish doesn't extend very far beyond the table. As he begins to explore his watery surroundings with only goggles, a spear gun, and a sharp knife, his knowledge and appreciation of both fish and their environment grow into a mild obsession. He weaves small anecdotes from the history of fishing into his quest to bring food from the ocean to the table in order to bring to life the strange and alien realm that becomes the backdrop for his watery wanderings. Fear, danger, beauty, death, aggression, and delicious fish mingle together in this unique adventure yarn-cum-locavore's feast.
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Nyawade, Okinyi B., Pamella Were-Kogogo, Phanuel Owiti, Harriet Osimbo, and Adero O. Daniel. "Elusive fish catch and vulnerable livelihoods: Status of fishing and fisheries industry among marine south coast communities of Kwale, Kenya." Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 6, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2021.060206.
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The aim of this study was to examine the status in fishing and fisheries industry among marine coastal communities of Kwale along Kenyan coast. In this study, we used a cross-sectional descriptive survey design to examine trends in fish and fisheries resources productivity and diversity and the types of fishing vessels and gears used by fishermen among marine Kwale communities. Quantitative data was collected using household survey questionnaires among fisherfolk households randomly selected from two subcounties in Kwale. Key informant interviews and focus group discussions were conducted on purposively sampled respondents to generate qualitative data to corroborate the quantitative survey data. Study established that fishing is still the principal source of livelihood, with 31% of people engaged in fishing as their main source of livelihood and being mainly artisanal fishers. There is a declining trend in fish productivity and diversity during the period 2014 to 2019. Out of all fisherfolks, 96.6% of fishers are commercial artisanal fishermen, selling their fish to different groups. The most preferred fishing vessel is wooden row boats (dhow) at 66.3% preference. There is a general decline in fish productivity within fishing grounds based on catches, indicated by 84.9% of the survey respondents. There is a general decline in fish abundance and diversity among coastal Kwale as indicated by 70.6% of respondents. Eleven (11) types of simple traditional fishing gears were identified, with majority (32%) of fishers preferring handline/hook (Mshipi) as their most preferred type of fishing gear. Destructive fishing gears such as spear guns are still in use despite the government regulations. This study concludes that fishing and fisheries resources among marine communities in Kwale of Kenyan coast is in a general declining trend in terms of productivity, abundance and diversity. This signals excess pressure on fishing resources, requiring immediate effective management strategies to contribute to sustainable marine ecosystems resources utilization. The study recommends enforcement of effective management strategies on fishing and fisheries resources through effective policy formulation and enforcement as well as awareness creation and a mind shift among communities towards alternative livelihood sources to reduce pressure on fish stock.
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Mubarok, Hamba Ainul, Sugeng Hari Wisudo, and Budhi Hascaryo Iskandar. "STATUS PERIKANAN PANAH DI KEPULAUAN KARIMUNJAWA KABUPATEN JEPARA JAWA TENGAH BERDASARKAN CCRF (CCRF Perspective on Spearfisheries in Karimunjawa Islands, Jepara District Central Java)." Marine Fisheries : Journal of Marine Fisheries Technology and Management 3, no. 2 (September 27, 2016): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jmf.3.2.155-122.
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<p>ABSTRACT<br />Speargun is productive fishing gear,spearfishermen catch numerous reef fishes such as yellow tail, snapper grouper,andother fish species.Spearfishermen dive to spear fishes. Air supply diving is common in spearfishing, therefore spearfishermen facing a huge health risk. Diving safety standard should be applied by spearfishermen to prevent various diving diseases.Research objectives wereto determine the Karimunjawa spearfishing status by the CCRF perspective and describe job safety analysis.Fishing gear used by fishermen consists of a gun made of wood with a rubber strap to hurl an arrow made of rust resistant metal.Coral reef is spear fisheries main fishing ground, which is vulnerable ecosystem therefore spearfishing has to carry out carefully. Spearfishing operations is a high-risk activities, fishermen have to be very careful and perform diving safety standards so that the potential risks can be avoided. Karimunjawa spear fisheries, in the CCRF perspective point of view, denote fisheries that support the CCRF concept, despite of several aspects that need to take notice of seriously. Among them isthe fishermen awareness to comply and perform code of conduct and safety standards in the fishing operations and prudence in carrying out fishing operations in the coral reef ecosystems.<br />Key words: CCRF, Karimunjawa, safety standard and spearfishing</p><p>------</p><p><br />ABSTRAK<br />Panah adalah alat tangkap yang cukup produktif. Nelayan panah menangkap berbagai jenis ikan karang, seperti ekor kuning, kakap dan kerapu serta jenis ikan lainnya. Nelayan panah menyelam untuk menombak ikan. Pasokan udara dipompakan dari kompresor yang biasa digunakan untuk mengisi udara ban kendaraan. Oleh karena itu nelayan menghadapi risiko bahaya yang besar. Standar keselamatan penyelaman harus diterapkan oleh nelayan untuk mencegah berbagai penyakit penyelaman. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan status perikanan panah di Karimunjawa dengan perspektif CCRF dan analisis keselamatan kerja. Penelitian dilaksanakan di perairan Kepulauan Karimunjawa, Kabupaten Jepara, Jawa Tengah, antara bulan Oktober – November 2011. Metode survei digunakan sebagai metode penelitian. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi deskripsi unit tangkap panah, analisis perikanan panah berdasarkan CCRF dan analisis keselamatan kerja (Job Safety Analysis – JSA). Alat tangkap yang digunakan oleh nelayan terdiri dari senapan yang terbuat dari kayu dengan tali karet untuk melontarkan panah yang terbuat dari besi tahan karat. Ekosistem terumbu karang adalah daerah penangkapan utama perikanan panah. Sementara itu, terumbu karang merupakan ekosistem yang rentan. Operasi perikanan panah adalah kegiatan berisiko tinggi. Oleh karena itu nelayan harus sangat berhati-hati dan mengikuti standar keselamatan penyelaman, sehingga potensi risiko dapat dihindari. Perikanan panah di Karimunjawa, dari perspektif CCRF, merupakan kegiatan perikanan yang mendukung konsep CCRF, meskipun terdapat beberapa aspek yang perlu diperhatikan secara serius. Aspek tersebut diantaranya adalah kesadaran nelayan untuk mematuhi dan melaksanakan standar CCRF dan aspek keselamatan dalam operasi penangkapan ikan serta kehati-hatian dalam melaksanakan operasi penangkapan ikan di ekosistem terumbu karang.</p><p><br />Kata kunci: CCRF, Karimunjawa, perikanan panah dan standar keselamatan</p>
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Lee, Sang Kyu. "A Study on the trade between Yeongnam and Northwestern Kyushu coastal regions: based on the aspect of fishing tools." Yeongnam Archaeological Society, no. 83 (January 30, 2019): 191–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.47417/yar.2019.83.191.
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The trade between Yeongnam and Northwestern Kyushu coastal regions (YNKR) had occurred around the Korea Straits and could be understood as an exchange between fishermen of the two regions in the nature of costal regions. In this study, I examine the trade based on fishing tools in accordance with the characteristics of the two regions sharing the common lifestyle and fisheries. The kinds of fishing tools can be divided into harpoons and fish hooks. The harpoons can be divided into stone and bone types depending on raw materials, and stationary and separable types on using method, having subdivisions. The fish hooks can be divided into composite, singular, and opposite T-shaped types. These tools are categorized into three based on the aspect to the two regions: high similarity, high difference, and different composition. The fishing tools from the both regions are similar in broader perspective but they are also very different in details at the same time, as a result of selective acceptance of shared information within common concept as tools, rather than trade and exchange of actual tools. The chronology of YNKR fishing tools has three phases. In the I phase, the Yeongnam region is dominated by ground stone artifacts and bone harpoons by influence of the East Sea region and tradition of common knapped stone artifacts. In terms of Northwestern Kyushu region, only knapped fishing tools has been found for the I phase, so it is assumed that the knapped stone artifacts tradition is popular in that region. In the II phase, the diversification of subsistance is conspicuous related to propagation of the early agriculture in the Yeongnam region, and harpoons and hooks are only found from certain sites such as Dongsam-dong and Yokji-do. Unlike the Iphase, the ground stone spear shaped harpoons disappear, and knapped stone spear shaped harpoons become thinner. When it comes to the Northwestern Kyushu region, knapped stone fishing tools has been continuously used in broaden area. In addition, obsidian module harpoon, composite hook, and singular hook are started to be used. The III phase in Yeongnam region, the aspect of fisheries considerably declines according to the social aspect of south of Korean Peninsula such as increased mobility, demolition of villages, and simplification of tools. On the other hand, Northwestern Kyushu region has the largest range of sites as well as shows a dramatic increase in the number of fishing tools. In addition, so-called ‘Northwestern Kyushu fishing culture’ represented by the combination of obsidian module harpoon and composite fish hook is completed. In summary, there is active trade between YNKR, and the routes are multilinear in the I phase. In the II phase, the route becomes unilinear, and it is centered around specific areas such as Dongsam-dong and Yokji-do, which strengthen fisheries. In the III phase, there are few voyages from Yeongnam to Kyushe, while the opposite route is busy. These aspects appear to be related to overall cultural transition, according to the environmental and cultural situation of the two regions, in addition to the relationship with adjacent regions.
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Muttaqin, E., I. Yulianto, A. Mukminin, H. A. Susanto, and S. J. Campbell. "Spear gun fishing in shallow and deeper water of coral reefs in Weh Island, Aceh, Indonesia." Galaxea, Journal of Coral Reef Studies 15, Supplement (2013): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3755/galaxea.15.277.
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Tubino, Rafael de Almeida, Cassiano Monteiro-Neto, Luiz Eduardo de S. Moraes, and Eduardo Tavares Paes. "Artisanal fisheries production in the coastal zone of Itaipu, Niterói , RJ, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 55, no. 3 (September 2007): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592007000300003.
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Artisanal fisheries in the coastal zone of Itaipu-RJ play an important role in the local market, but little is known about production and productivity of the fisheries. From April 2001 to March 2003, we monitored a total of 618 landings from the beach-seine (99), the gill nets ("corvineira" - 331, "linguadeira" - 40 and "rede alta" - 25), the hook and line (98), the squid jigging (17), and the spear fishing and trap fisheries (five and three, respectively). The total monitored production was 21866 kg and the catch per unit effort (CPUE) 35.4 kg.trip-1. Considering the number of effective fishing days and the average daily production per fishing gear, the annual production was estimated at 136687 kg (0.2% of the state's production in 2004). Predominant resources were: Micropogonias furnieri,Trichiurus lepturus, squids (Loligo spp.), clupeiform fishes (Sardinella brasiliensis, Cetengraulis edentulus, Pellona harrowerii and Harengula clupeola), Eucinostomus spp., Cynoscion spp., Menticirrhus spp., Caranx crysos and Selene setapinnis. The combined analysis using hierarchical and non-hierarchical classification methods, separated four fishing gears and five species groups, based on their similarity patterns, identifying gears that most effectively capture the different fish groups. The beach-seine was less selective and most productive fishery in the summer. The "corvineira" was the second most productive fishery with higher yields in the summer and fall. Catches of "linguadeira" included rays and Paralychthys spp., wherereas the "rede alta" caught primarily M. furnieri,Mugil spp. and sharks.
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Alam, M. Sinar, Eko Sugiharto, and Fitriyana. "KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT NELAYAN BAJO DALAM PEMANFAATAN SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN DI DESA SEPATIN KECAMATAN ANGGANA KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA." Jurnal Pembangunan Perikanan dan Agribisnis 2, no. 2 (July 1, 2015): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jppa.v2i2.174.
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This study aims to identify and learn forms about characteristic of fishery resources in Sepatin Village, Anggana District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The method used in this thesis is a descriptive. The type of data used is primary type. Data collection techniques that writer use is the field research and the data analysis technique is quantitative analysis. The experiment was conducted for six months (January – July 2015). Sampling was done by a non-random based on consideration by 21 respondents. The results describe forms of Bajo Fishing Community in Sepatin Village, Anggana District are majority education level are elementary school, Islamic religion, age range 25-68 years, as well as the generally small-scale fisherman.
The local livelihoods knowledge related of fishery resources use seen from they beliefs such as: Palace village tradition, food supplies (doko), pray for new boats (maddoa salama), ethical rules such as did not sail on friday, did not go to sea when the weather is bad or funeral ceremony was begun. Used fishing gear such as nets, lines, trawls, spear. To determine the extent of the fish are usually seen from sea water clarity and the birds flies above the water surface and conducted fishing activities at midnight and afternoon.
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Lowry, M., and I. Suther. "Population structure of aggregations, and response to spear fishing, of a large temperate reef fish Cheilodactylus fuscus." Marine Ecology Progress Series 273 (2004): 199–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps273199.
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Hasriyanti, Hasriyanti, Rusdi Rusdi, Titus Adeyemi Alonge, and Erman Syarif. "Patorani local knowledge system in fisheries resources conservation education in Galesong District South Sulawesi." Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi: Kajian, Teori, dan Praktek dalam Bidang Pendidikan dan Ilmu Geografi 28, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um017v28i12023p52-63.
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The development of fishery resources is realized through one of the pillars of development, namely pro-environment (restoration and preservation of the environment) in the order of conservation and rehabilitation of marine resources. This study aimed to investigate and describe patorani culture, which is the local fishermen's knowledge of conserving fishery resources. This research used the qualitative descriptive method with a phenomenological approach by using several sets of data, including the preliminary studies. The data were collected through literature review, observation, and preliminary survey, and then they were analyzed based on understanding and public opinion through a qualitative approach. The informant is a patorani fisherman who act as the papalele, punggawa, and sawi. Primary data sources and data collection techniques are obtained mostly from participation observation, and in-depth interviews with patorani fishermen families. The data obtained were analyzed componential through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of this study showed that Galesong society still practices patorani culture in the utilization of coastal resources and maritime transport, including: 1) knowledge related to ceremonial preparation of fishing activities, 2) the use of technology fishing gear, 3) knowledge about the existence of spear fish, 4) knowledge in fishing activities, and 5) knowledge of the fishing voyage patorani. The fisherman's knowledge of patorani culture was derived from hereditary experience. Patorani’s knowledge comes from empirical reality as a result of interaction with the environment, both with the human environment itself and the natural environment of the sea. Finally, the local knowledge system of patorani can systematically support education on the conservation of aquatic biological resources, especially fishery resources.
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Diogo, H. M. C., and J. G. Pereira. "Impact evaluation of spear fishing on fish communities in an urban area of São Miguel Island (Azores Archipelago)." Fisheries Management and Ecology 20, no. 6 (August 27, 2013): 473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fme.12036.
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Gerhardinger, Leopoldo Cavaleri, Rosemeri Carvalho Marenzi, Áthila Andrade Bertoncini, Rodrigo Pereira Medeiros, and Maurício Hostim-Silva. "Local ecological knowledge on the goliath grouper epinephelus itajara (teleostei: serranidae) in southern Brazil." Neotropical Ichthyology 4, no. 4 (December 2006): 441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252006000400008.
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The goliath grouper Epinephelus itajara is a large sized (> 400 kg) and critically endangered marine fish, which is protected in many countries, including Brazil. Through the application of semi-structured interviews, we investigated the local ecological knowledge of seven fishermen specialist on catching E. itajara from the Babitonga bay, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Local long-line fisheries for E. itajara seemed to be a disappearing tradition in the studied site, with a detailed inherent local ecological knowledge system, which is also being lost. Our study also showed that fishermen engaged in recent fisheries, such as spear-fishing, can also possess a detailed local ecological knowledge system. Through the analysis of fishermen local ecological knowledge, several aspects of E. itajara life history were registered. This species is found in the inner and outer Babitonga bay, from saline waters to areas with a large input of freshwater, and inhabits submerged wooden substrates and artificial reefs such as shipwrecks, mooring pillars and cargo containers. It is known to spawn in December and subsequent summer months in the studied area. Spawning aggregations are usually seen in December (during full moon), being also eventually observed in January and February by our informants. While lobsters, spadefishes and octopuses seem to constitute the most important food items of inner bay E. itajara, outer bay individuals may feed on catfishes, crustaceans and other fish species. The goliath grouper is regarded as pacific and curious fish, but frequently display agonistic behavior in the presence of divers. Based on the perception of well experienced spear fishermen, we hypothesize that E. itajara undertakes seasonal migrations from the inner to the outer bay during summer, and that the studied population is suffering from growth over-fishing. Our data provides a practical evidence of how joining scientific and local ecological knowledge will likely benefit E. itajara local conservation and management practices by adding important new biological data into the decision-making process.
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Volokitin, A., N. Volokitina, and S. Rodov. "G.M. Burov - a discoverer and initiator of the Mesolithic studies in the European North-East." Proceedings of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, no. 1 (May 17, 2023): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/1994-5655-2023-1-204-210.
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Grigory M. Burov (22.09.1933 - 24.02.2013), a graduate of the Kiev University, arrived in Syktyvkar in 1957. He worked in the Komi Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR until 1968. Subsequently, he worked in Ulyanovsk and Simferopol.
However, the period of his work in the Komi Region turned out to be the most productive .G.M. Burov is a discoverer of numerous sites of the Mesolithic, Early Metal and Early Iron Age of the previously unexplored Vychegda territory. G.M. Burov analyzed and published materials from Komi all the subsequent years of his life.
The Vis 1 (Mesolithic) and Vis 2 (mid I millennium A.D.) peatbogs discovered by G.M. Burov in the vicinities of the Sindor village have gained worldwide fame. The exemplary paleogeographic studies were carried out in the Sindor microregion. The leading geobotanist and peat specialist S.N. Tyuremnov and other scientists compiled pollen diagrams, described profiles of peatlands, restored the historical courses of the Vis and Simva Rivers. They also obtained a series of direct radiocarbon datings of wooden artifacts.
A unique collection of items made of wood, bark, and grass was obtained at the Vis 1 peatbog. It included fishing tools - fragments of nets and a fishing spear; hunting tools - bows, arrows, a spear; means of transportation - skis, sledge runners, a paddle; household items including a box of birch bark, mats of wood shakes. Many items are decorated with carved geometric ornaments. The sculptural head of an elk on one of the skis is particularly noteworthy.
G.M. Burov was the first of the researchers who justified the cultural differentiation of the Mesolithic sites of the European North-East. He identified two cultural types: the Kama-Pechora type dating back to the VIII-VII millennium B.C., and the Vis type (the second half of the VII-VI millennium B.C.). The Middle Vychegda Mesolithic culture identified by him belongs to the Kama-Pechora type.
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Delaney, David G., Lida T. Teneva, Kostantinos A. Stamoulis, Jonatha L. Giddens, Haruko Koike, Tom Ogawa, Alan M. Friedlander, and John N. Kittinger. "Patterns in artisanal coral reef fisheries revealed through local monitoring efforts." PeerJ 5 (December 4, 2017): e4089. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4089.
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Sustainable fisheries management is key to restoring and maintaining ecological function and benefits to people, but it requires accurate information about patterns of resource use, particularly fishing pressure. In most coral reef fisheries and other data-poor contexts, obtaining such information is challenging and remains an impediment to effective management. We developed the most comprehensive regional view of shore-based fishing effort and catch published to date, to show detailed fishing patterns from across the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI). We reveal these regional patterns through fisher “creel” surveys conducted by local communities, state agencies, academics, and/or environmental organizations, at 18 sites, comprising >10,000 h of monitoring across a range of habitats and human influences throughout the MHI. All creel surveys included in this study except for one were previously published in some form (peer-reviewed articles or gray literature reports). Here, we synthesize these studies to document spatial patterns in nearshore fisheries catch, effort, catch rates (i.e., catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE)), and catch disposition (i.e., use of fish after catch is landed). This effort provides for a description of general regional patterns based on these location-specific studies. Line fishing was by far the dominant gear type employed. The most efficient gear (i.e., highest CPUE) was spear (0.64 kg h−1), followed closely by net (0.61 kg h−1), with CPUE for line (0.16 kg h−1) substantially lower than the other two methods. Creel surveys also documented illegal fishing activity across the studied locations, although these activities were not consistent across sites. Overall, most of the catch was not sold, but rather retained for home consumption or given away to extended family, which suggests that cultural practices and food security may be stronger drivers of fishing effort than commercial exploitation for coral reef fisheries in Hawai‘i. Increased monitoring of spatial patterns in nearshore fisheries can inform targeted management, and can help communities develop a more informed understanding of the drivers of marine resource harvest and the state of the resources, in order to maintain these fisheries for food security, cultural practices, and ecological value.
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Jr, Alejandro M. Gonzaga,. "Population Dynamics of the White Spotted Rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus Park, 1797) in Panguil Bay, Philippines." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 9 - September 5, no. 9 (September 19, 2020): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20sep260.
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The white spotted rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus Park, 1797) is a commercially important commodity occurring in the northern coast and southern coast of Panguil Bay. This fish was reported to be caught by fishing gears like filter net, fish corral, bottom set gill net, stationary lift net, motorized scissors net, and spear. To understand the population dynamics and associated status of white spotted rabbitfish in Panguil Bay, the growth, mortality, exploitation and recruitment pattern were determined from June 2002 to May 2003. A total of 1,513 samples of white spotted rabbitfish were collected from the four sampling stations established in Panguil Bay. Growth was estimated using the FiSAT II and the estimated parameters were L∞ = 33.20 cm and K = 0.54 yr-1. Total, natural and fishing instantaneous rate of mortality values were Z = 3.80 yr-1 , M = 1.18 yr-1 , F = 2.62 yr-1 and the exploitation rate value was E = 0.69 yr1 . Projected recruitment pattern of S. canaliculatus suggests that this species spawns all year round. Based on the results, S. canaliculatus caught by fish corral in Panguil Bay from June 2002 to May 2003 was overexploited and that management strategies of this resource must be promulgated and implemented to address the depleting fishery.
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Frisch, Ashley J., and Jean-Paul A. Hobbs. "Demography, fishery yield and potential management strategies of painted spiny lobster (Panulirus versicolor) at Northwest Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 63, no. 5 (2012): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf11241.
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Quantification of demographic parameters is important for understanding how populations interact with their environment and for developing sustainable harvest strategies. Our aims were to quantify demographic parameters and yield of painted spiny lobster (Panulirus versicolor) at Northwest Island, Great Barrier Reef and review fishery management regulations in view of the findings. Using catch-curve analysis and an intensive mark–recapture program, the local lobster population was found to be sparsely distributed (~1.3 ha–1), with low rates of natural mortality (0.25–0.28 year–1) and immigration (0.05 ha–1 year–1). Under current management regulations (no minimum size limit; MSL), yield-per-recruit peaked at 0.38 kg when fishing mortality was 0.4 year–1. Implementation of a 100-mm (carapace length) MSL is recommended because it provides the best compromise between yield and stock size and has minimal impact on existing fishing practices. Revocation of the prohibition on possessing egg-bearing females is also recommended because it would reduce wastage of lobsters that are inadvertently killed by spear-fishers and because there appears to be little chance of localised recruitment overfishing. This study provides the first estimate of mortality rate for P. versicolor and highlights the importance of this parameter for understanding demographic processes and optimising management regulations.
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Coll, J., M. Linde, A. García-Rubies, F. Riera, and A. M. Grau. "Spear fishing in the Balearic Islands (west central Mediterranean): species affected and catch evolution during the period 1975–2001." Fisheries Research 70, no. 1 (November 2004): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2004.05.004.
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Marthin, Meikel A., Rose O. S. E. Mantiri, and Jan F. W. S. Tamanampo. "Inventory of Fish Species and Local Fishermen Profile in Tagulandang Island, Sitaro District of North Sulawesi Province." JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX 4, no. 2 (November 2, 2016): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/jip.4.2.2016.14076.
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This research was carried out on July-August 2016 in the villages of Apengsala, Mohongsawang and Balehumara in SITARO District of North Sulawesi Province. It aims to make inventory of fish species, record the number of the fish caught, and get the local fishermen profile. Samples were bought from local fishermen who just returned from fishing areas in the traditional fish market “Burias”. The data of fishermen profile and fishing gears were retrieved from 30 respondents of Apengsala, Mohongsawang and Balehumara fishermen. Based on the results of the identification, interviewing and questionnaire filling, the conclusions are as follows: 1) there are 23 species of fish usually captured by local fishermen. 2.) there are 5 types of fishing gears often used by fishermen : Spear gun (Jubi), “ Darape” net (soma darape), traps (bubu), “Rawai” Rod (pancing rawai) and “Cang” net (soma cang). 3.) The average age and the length of fishing profession from 30 respondents data, ranges from 27-60 years old and 4-41 years of profession (Apengsala) ; 32-50 years old and 9-31 years of profession (Mohongsawang) ; and 20-65 years old and 1-41 years of profession (Balehumara). Only 1 respondens who is not married yet, mostly finished their study until elementary school, and only 9 respondents have odd jobs. Local fishermen can still meet the needs of the family life with a dependent varied with 3-7 person/family. Key Words: Fish, Fishermen In Profile, Tagulandang. Abstrak Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2016 di Desa Apengsala, Desa Mohongsawang dan Desa Balehumara Pulau Tagulandang Kabupaten SITARO Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi jenis ikan hasil tangkapan, mendata jumlah ikan hasil tangkapan dan alat penangkapan ikan, dan mendapatkan profil nelayan Pulau Tagulandang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di tempat pendaratan ikan pasar tradisional Burias. Sampel yang diambil merupakan ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan yang baru saja kembali dari melakukan kegiatan penangkapan. Pengambilan data profil nelayan dan jenis alat tangkap diambil dari 30 responden dari ketiga desa. Bedasarkan hasil identifikasi, wawancara dan pengisian kuisioner pada nelayan Pulau Tagulandang, kesimpulan yang dapat ditarik adalah sebagai berikut : 1). Ada 23 Jenis ikan yang sering ditangkap oleh nelayan Pulau Tagulandang. 2). Terdapat 5 jenis alat tangkap yang sering digunakan oleh nelayan Pulau Tagulandang, yakni Spear gun (jubi), soma darape, bubu, pancing rawai dan soma cang. 3). Berdasarkan data dari 30 responden, rata-rata usia dan lamanya berprofesi sebagai nelayan : usia 27-60 tahun dan 4-41 tahun profesi (Desa Apengsala) ; 32-50 tahun, 9-31 tahun (Desa Mohongsawang) ; 20-65 tahun, 1-41 tahun (Desa Balehumara). Hanya 1 responden yang belum kawin, mayoritas hanya mampu tamat sekolah dasar, dan hanya 9 responden yang memiliki pekerjaan sambilan. Adapun dari penghasilan dan pengeluaran, nelayan masih dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup keluarga dengan tanggungan yang berkisar 3-7 orang/keluarga. Kata Kunci : Ikan, Profil Nelayan, Tagulandang. 1Mahasiswa Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan FPIK UNSRAT 2Staf pengajar Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Sam Ratulangi.
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Weber, A. W. "Neolithic and Early Bronze Age of Cis-Baikal: Main Factors and Processes in the Development of Hunter-Gatherer Cultures." Bulletin of the Irkutsk State University. Geoarchaeology, Ethnology, and Anthropology Series 43 (2023): 128–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2227-2380.2023.43.128.
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Middle Holocene hunter-gatherers (HG) of the Cis-Baikal, Eastern Siberia, display substantial spatiotemporal variation in adaptive strategies highlighted by several cultural transitions. These transitions are examined focusing on the role of the following factors: (1) changes in the distribution of the boreal forest; (2) technological innovations; (3) intensification of fishing; and (4) their combined impacts on subsistence and social structure. The expansion and retreat of boreal forest was important because it directly affected the distribution and abundance of large and medium terrestrial game, the core of subsistence for all Middle Holocene HG in the region. All other things being equal, expanding forests meant less game while shrinking forest meant more game and more living space for HG. The bow was crucial not only due to its technological superiority over the spear and atlatl as a game hunting weapon but also because its flexibility allowed it to work equally well for groups of any size and in any environment – forest or steppe. The much higher return rates associated with bow hunting freed enough labour to be allocated to other activities such as the intensification of fishing. Fishing and fisheries were important because they worked as a differentiating force: the more intensive the fishing, the more limited its spatial distribution and the greater the micro-regional differences between cultural patterns. Intensive fishing and game hunting pulled the adaptive strategies in two opposing directions: fishing towards differences and hunting towards similarities between groups and micro-regions. Social relations were important because they fine-tuned the social fabric to optimize the general strategy. Together, these factors account for all cultural transitions and variation documented for the Middle Holocene HG of Cis-Baikal: Transition 1 – formation of the Late Mesolithic cultural pattern with incipient formal cemeteries ~8630 cal BP; Transition 2 – replacement of the Late Mesolithic system on the Angara and in Southwest Baikal, but not in the Little Sea or on the Upper Lena, by the Early Neolithic Kitoi pattern with its very large cemeteries ~7560 cal BP; Transition 3 – collapse of the Kitoi by ~6660 cal BP followed by the formation of the Middle Neolithic pattern with no cemeteries; Transition 4 – reappearance of cemeteries ~6060 cal BP and the establishment of the Late Neolithic pattern; Transition 5 – formation of the Early Bronze Age system ~4970 cal BP; and lastly, Transition 6 – the end of the Early Bronze Age socio-economic pattern by ~3470 cal BP.
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Henrich, Joseph. "Demography and Cultural Evolution: How Adaptive Cultural Processes Can Produce Maladaptive Losses—The Tasmanian Case." American Antiquity 69, no. 2 (April 2004): 197–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4128416.
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A combination of archeological and ethnohistorical evidence indicates that, over an approximately 8,000-year period, from the beginning of the Holocene until European explorers began arriving in the eighteenth century, the societies of Tasmania lost a series of valuable skills and technologies. These likely included bone tools, cold-weather clothing, hafted tools, nets, fishing spears, barbed spears, spear-throwers, and boomerangs. To address this puzzle, and the more general question of how human cognition and social interaction can generate both adaptive cultural evolution and maladaptive losses of culturally acquired skills, this paper constructs a formal model of cultural evolution rooted in the cognitive details of human social learning and inference. The analytical results specify the conditions for differing rates of adaptive cultural evolution, and reveal regimes that will produce maladaptive losses of particular kinds of skills and related technologies. More specifically, the results suggest that the relatively sudden reduction in the effective population size (the size of the interacting pool of social learners) that occurred with the rising ocean levels at the end of the last glacial epoch, which cut Tasmania off from the rest of Australia for the ensuing ten millennia, could have initiated a cultural evolutionary process that (1) kept stable or even improved relatively simple technological skills, and (2) produced an increasing deterioration of more complex skills leading to the complete disappearance of some technologies and practices. This pattern is consistent with the empirical record in Tasmania. Beyond this case, I speculate on the applicability of the model to understanding the variability in rates of adaptive cultural evolution.
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Stern, A., D. Ashkenazi, D. Cvikel, B. Rosen, and E. Galili. "Archeometallurgical and technical characterization of 7th century AD iron fishing-spear and fire basket found in the Dor lagoon, Israel." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 3 (September 2015): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2015.06.001.
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Teixeira, Simone Ferreira, Beatrice Padovani Ferreira, and Isaíras Pereira Padovan. "Aspects of fishing and reproduction of the black grouper Mycteroperca bonaci (Poey, 1860) (Serranidae: Epinephelinae) in the Northeastern Brazil." Neotropical Ichthyology 2, no. 1 (March 2004): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252004000100004.
Full textAbstract:
The reproductive biology of the black grouper Mycteroperca bonaci, caught by artisanal fishermen using hook and line or compressor - assisted spear fishing, from the Northeastern shelf and oceanic banks of Brazil, was studied between August 1996 and April 1998. The sexual pattern, gonadal development, the spawning mode and seasonality were investigated. The gonadal stages indicated that this species is a protogynous hermaphrodite and that transition from female to male occurs through simultaneous re-absorption of ovarian tissue and proliferation of testicular tissue in the gonads. The specie is a multiple spawner and frequency analysis of gonadal stages and gonadosomatic index suggest that the spawning season occurs between April and September. Considerations about the fisheries, related to size structure of fishes caught, were based on length frequency distribution. The phenomenon of "correção" was described based on ethnobiology studies and informations from the Northeast Fisheries Statistics Bulletin of the Brazilian Environmental Institute (IBAMA). The phenomenon of the "correção" undergone by Mycteroperca bonaci seems to be a Southward chain reaction (of the State of Ceará to Bahia) and is a feeding aggregation.
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M. Saleh, Hana, and Ramadan A. S. Ali. "GONADOSOMATIC INDEX (GSI) HEPATOSOMATIC INDEX (HSI), CONDITION FACTOR (K) AND LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP (LWR) IN EPINEPHELUS GUAZA INHABITING SUSA COAST, EL-GABAL AL-AKHADAR, LIBYA." EPH - International Journal of Applied Science 3, no. 3 (September 27, 2017): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/eijas.v3i3.129.
Full textAbstract:
A total of 207 specimens of Epinephelus guaza (Family: Serranidae) were collected from Catches by long line and spear fishing operating on Susa Coast on the Mediterranean sea , Libya were studied monthly from April 2010 to March 2011. hepatosomatic index (HSI), condition factor (K) and length-weight relationship (LWR) were evaluated. Monthly variations of GSI in both sexes showed the higher values during the period from June to September when HSI values were lower. Based on the values of GSI and HSI, the reproductive cycle of E. guaza is designated into prespawning period (April–May), spawning period (June-September), and posts pawning period (October-November). The correlation coefficient for length weight relationship was 0.99. The value of regression coefficient for both sexes was isometric (b = 2.969). The highest values of condition factors were recorded in summer (K 1.75) and autumn (K 1.63). The data revealed that E. guaza is a seasonal breeder and reproduction took a longer duration of time.
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Lako, Jimaima, Madeline Solo, and Minoru Ishigaki. "Postharvest handling practices and the development of histamine in Giant Trevally (Caranx ignobilis) fish: The case of Fiji." South Pacific Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 33, no. 2 (2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sp15001.
Full textAbstract:
The study aimed at assessing the post-harvest handling practices of artisanal spear-gun fishers in Fiji and its impact in the development of histamine. The study employed in-depth interviews of artisanal fishers on their postharvest handling practices, and its relationships in the development of histamine in Giant Trevally (Aranxignobilis) fish. The Giant Trevally fish were further exposed to three different temperatures; 0°C, combination of 5°C and 28°C, and 28°C prior to histamine determination. Results revealed that spear-gun fishers do not normally ice their fish and rarely gut their catch during the fishing trips. However fish are only iced when received by middlemen and vendors once fish arrive at the landing sites, when stored in the recycled freezer containers. Fish are usually displayed un-gutted without ice on drained and tiled stalls, however used ice at the landing site are further reused to cool fish stored in the recycled freezer containers (above 5°C) alternatively every 2 h throughout the day for display on the counters (28°C) for sale. Any unsold fish are returned into the recycled freezer containers for sale the next day. Histamine determination revealed that after 35 h postharvest i.e. further storage at 0°C and at combination temperatures of 5°C and 28°C (recycled every 2 h) the histamine levels went below the Food Drug Administration (FDA) permitted levels (50 ppm). However, fish stored at 28°C had increased histamine concentration levels up to 193.2 ppm of 15 h post-harvest. The study demonstrated the importance of time and temperature control at postharvest handling of fish in tropical countries.
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Schroeder, A., M. Lowry, and I. Suthers. "Sexual dimorphism in the red morwong, Cheilodactylus fuscus." Marine and Freshwater Research 45, no. 7 (1994): 1173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9941173.
Full textAbstract:
The red morwong, Cheilodactylus fuscus Castelnau (Pisces : Cheilodactylidae), is a conspicuous fish on the rocky reefs of the eastern Australian coast. Visual determination of the sex of individuals in the field is necessary to remove sex bias in home-range and associated bioaccumulation studies. A sample of 61 fish (30-50 cm fork length) was collected from spear-fishing competitions in the Sydney area, and from each fish 16 morphometric measurements were taken. A multivariate analysis revealed that, in comparison with females, males are generally larger, with a significantly larger orbit-tubercle - or horn - situated in front of each eye, a smaller eye diameter and a smaller head length. A discriminant function analysis derived from these four features correctly identified 87% of an independent sample of 40 fish. Visual appraisal of fish on the basis of the proportional length of the horns misidentified <10 % of fish >30 cm and <30% of fish 20-30 cm fork length. The orbit-tubercle in males is between 2% and 4% of the fork length and is composed of bone. According to this simplified visual technique, red morwong aggregations in the Sydney region have consistently biased sex ratios.
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Mosse, Jacobus W., and Campbell R. Davies. "THE EXTENDED LONGEVITY OF A SMALL CORAL REEF SERRANID; A LESSON FROM CEPHALOPHOLIS CYANOSTIGMA (BLUE SPOT ROCK COD) OF THE CENTRAL GREAT BARRIER REEF, AUSTRALIA." Marine Research in Indonesia 32, no. 1 (May 11, 2007): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v32i1.428.
Full textAbstract:
The blue spot rock cod, Cephalopholis cyanostigma, is a small common coral reef serranid that forms a significant proportion of the discarded by-catch in the Great Barrier line fishery. Samples were obtained by spear and line fishing at Orpheus Island (range 114- 294 mm FL, mean = 226 mm, n = 137) and from Pelorus Island (range 120-285 mm FL, mean = 214 mm, n = 125). Sagittal otoliths were used to obtain age-based parameter estimates for the populations at each island. Analysis of marginal increments on monthly samples suggested that a single opaque band was deposited annually during November - December. Recaptures of three fishes (9,18, and 24 years old) in July and November 1997, five years after injection of oxytetracycline, further corroborated our conclusion that band formation was annual. The maximum age in our samples of 31 years suggested that the blue spotted rock cod was one of the longest lived serranids documented to date. The von Bertalanffy growth function provided the best description of the pattern of growth for populations at both islands with high coefficients of determination (R2 = 0.86 and 0.82 for Orpheus and Pelorus islands, respectively). Female population of both sites grew relatively slow, not reaching asymptotic size until 7-10 yrs. Statistical comparisons on male and female growth patterns were not significant, however. There were significant differences in growth parameters between islands with C. cyanostigma on average growing larger at Orpheus Island (L?= 258 mm and K= 0.22) compared with Pelorus Island (L?=244 mm and K = 0.25). These age-based population parameter estimates indicated that C. cyanostigma was considerably longer lived than expected for a small coral reef serranid and further demonstrated the utility of age-based methods in studies of the demography of tropical reef fish. The implication for conservation and fisheries management of small tropical serranids is that species with similar population parameters are likely to sustain much lower levels of fishing mortality than previously thought.