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Journal articles on the topic 'Special Assistance to States'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Minaev, Maxim. "Armed Forces in the present United States and Britain military policy. Main Trends." Russia and America in the 21st Century, no. 6 (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207054760029541-2.

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The article presents the United States and United Kingdom Armed Forces evolvement main trends in the warfare below the threshold of war context. The point at issue is United States Special Operations Forces (US SOF), British Army and United Kingdom Special Forces (UKSF). The focus of the research paper on: the US Theater Special Operations Commands - Special Operations Command Africa, Special Operations Command Europe and others; British Army new units - Ranger Regiment, Army Special Operations Brigade, 11th Security Force Assistance Brigade and others. The organizational and establishment of

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2

Ivanov, Sergey Aleksandrovich. "Legal support: universal level systematization experience." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 11 (2019): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2019-3-11-319-324.

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We present the results of a legal study which devote to the identification of provisions regulating legal assistance in the international law norms. Based on the variability associated with some political and legal trends, we identify and characterize three groups of international treaties on legal assistance, to which the Russian Federation is a party (multidimensional, sectoral and special-military). It is emphasized that, in addition to the designated classification, it is necessary to point to international agreements on legal assistance, divided depending on the subject of their conclusio

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PROF.MANTRI, D.B., and SONALI M. MISS.NANAWARE. "SMART ASSISTANCE PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM." IJIERT - International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology 4, no. 10 (2017): 29–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1456423.

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<strong>Present paper is an attempt to provide research knowledge found during experimentation on public city bus transportation system in India. The paper discusses and reviews the major transportation problems associated with city bus transportation in various cities of India. A special hardware and software has been designed to solve these problems. The motto behind this research was to create a system that is easy to assist t he transportation system and that can be adaptable to user - friendly smart phones . The solution provided here is cost - effective as per the data obtained states.</

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KATSIYANNIS, ANTONIS, and GREG CONDERMAN. "Serving Individuals with Traumatic Brain Injury." Remedial and Special Education 15, no. 5 (1994): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074193259401500507.

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THIS PAPER REPORTS FINDINGS FROM A SURVEY OF 48 STATE DIRECTORS OF SPECIAL EDUCATION. THE SURVEY COLLECTED INFORMATION ON CURRENT STATE PRACTICES IN PROVIDING SERVICES TO INDIVIDUALS WITH TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY, WITH AN EMPHASIS ON TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TRAINING, AND ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA. VARIATIONS AMONG STATES IN THE AVAILABILITY AND NATURE OF ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, DEFINITIONS, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, AND TRAINING WERE FOUND.

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Lymar, Marharyta, and Iryna Tykhonenko. "AMERICAN SECURITY ASSISTANCE TO UKRAINE: MECHANISMS AND PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATIONS." American History & Politics: Scientific edition, no. 13 (2022): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2022.13.2.

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The purpose of the article is to research basis, experience, and practical ways of the implementation of U.S. security (defense) assistance to Ukraine. The current study considers the institutional and legal framework for providing U.S. defense support to Ukraine; explores the preconditions for strengthening U.S. military assistance at modern stage; analyzes the possible consequences of such support for the United States; gives an overall assessment of U.S. security assistance to Ukraine since 2014. The methodological basis of the study includes a set of general and special research methods. T

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Alwandani Alwandani, Yasmirah Mandasari Saragih, and Rahul Ardian Fikri. "Implementation Of Corruption Offences As Special Crimes In The Draft Penal Code." International Journal of Law and Society 1, no. 2 (2024): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.62951/ijls.v1i2.16.

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Corruption is a problem that needs to be taken seriously and is a legal issue in every country in the world, including Indonesia. The disease of corruption is increasingly rampant. The seriousness of the government in overcoming criminal acts of corruption is the establishment of Law Number 31 of 1999 as amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crimes. The formulation of the problem discussed in writing this thesis is Regarding the Application of the Criminal Act of Assistance in corruption. The research method used in writing this thesis is a research method carri

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KUMAR, Dr CHIKKALA KRANTHI. "Impact of the Special Central Assistance Scheme on Scheduled Caste Beneficiaries – A Field Study of Two South Indian States." Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research 3, no. 8 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22501991/august2014/1.

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Kazis, Noah. "The Failed Federalism of Affordable Housing: Why States Don't Use Housing Vouchers." Michigan Law Review, no. 121.2 (2022): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.36644/mlr.121.2.failed.

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This Article uncovers a critical disjuncture in our system of providing affordable rental housing. At the federal level, the oldest, fiercest debate in low-income housing policy is between project-based and tenant-based subsidies: should the government help build new affordable housing projects or help renters afford homes on the private market? But at the state and local levels, it is as if this debate never took place. The federal government (following most experts) employs both strategies, embracing tenant-based assistance as more cost-effective and offering tenants greater choice and mobil

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Lovas Kiss, Antal. "APPLICATION OF ANIMAL ASSISTANCE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF DEBRECEN FACULTY OF EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN AND SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS." Különleges Bánásmód - Interdiszciplináris folyóirat 9, no. 4 (2024): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.18458/kb.2023.4.119.

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Animal assistance used among university students is not unknown, numerous foreign examples prove its valid existence. The application aimed at university students appeared in the United States of America, but nowadays it is used in many countries around the world. The emergence of assistance dogs in higher education is related to the scientific interest aimed at discovering and measuring the causes of the positive effects experienced during the use of assistance animals. Simultaneously with the introduction of animal assistance training at the University of Debrecen Faculty of Education for Ch

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10

Permatasari, Dian. "Learning Assistance For Blind Students to Improve Mathematical Ability." SPIRIT OF SOCIETY JOURNAL 6, no. 1 (2022): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/scj.v6i1.1881.

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In Indonesia, an education system is implemented where students with special learning needs can get an education in public schools. One type of child with special needs accepted by public schools is blind. Blind children usually have various things during learning, such as difficulty in understanding abstract concepts, low learning motivation, slow to understand the material, and need to understand repetitive material. Therefore, community service is required to provide special assistance to blind students to help students learn mathematics. Partners in this service are two blind students from

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11

Azim, Baratov. "HISTORICAL STAGES IN INTERN ATIONAL LEGAL ASSISTANCE." Jurisprudence 3, no. 6 (2022): 3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7482843.

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This article discusses the historical and modern forms of international cooperation in the field of criminal court cases, the legal basis for cooperation, legal relations related to the provision of legal assistance in criminal cases, the norms of multilateral international conventions on combating international crimes. or special agreements on legal cooperation, international crimes, international conventions governing and arrest rules for criminals are described.

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12

Andreev, K. "Evolution of U.S. Military Aid Priorities under Trump and Biden Administrations." Analysis and Forecasting. IMEMO Journal, no. 1 (2024): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/afij-2024-1-23-38.

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Aid policy is one of the important foreign policy tools in the US struggle for global leadership. The US federal government spends about $60–70 billion annually on this area of public policy. Most of these truly large-scale financial resources are spent on economic assistance, but a lot is dedicated to military assistance too. This article, using the institutionalism methodology, examines how the US military assistance depends on the international situation, the internal political environment in the United States itself, as well as on the significance of a particular recipient country in the l

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Aaen, Gregory, Michael Waltz, Wendy Vargas, et al. "Acquisition of Early Developmental Milestones and Need for Special Education Services in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis." Journal of Child Neurology 34, no. 3 (2018): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073818815041.

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Children with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis and pediatric controls were enrolled across 16 pediatric multiple sclerosis centers in the United States and completed questionnaires that addressed time of first unaided walking and acquisition of 2-word phrases. A total of 467 (308 female) cases and 428 (209 female) controls were enrolled. Pediatric multiple sclerosis (n = 467) were not delayed in walking or using 2-word phrases compared to healthy controls (n = 428) (2.2% vs 5.7%, respectively). Children with disease onset before age 11 versus onset at 11 years or after were more likely to ne

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14

Popov, Nikolay. "American public opinion on NATO, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict." Russia and America in the 21st Century, no. 6 (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207054760029548-9.

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There is a large faction among American population that supports Ukraine in its conflict with Russia and approves of the United States providing assistance to it, among other things, long-term military assistance. Public opinion polls before the start of Russia&apos;s special military operation in Ukraine, during the operation and during the NATO summit in Vilnius showed a steady public demand for strengthening the role of America as a world leader, the involvement of the United States in international affairs and support for Ukraine in the armed conflict with the Russian Federation. After

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Béland, Daniel, and Alex Waddan. "Unidentical twins: recent social policy developments in Canada and the United States." Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy 35, no. 1 (2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21699763.2019.1568280.

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AbstractThere is a vast social policy literature on how Canada and the United States share key characteristics associated with the liberal welfare regime such as significant reliance on both social assistance and tax-subsidized private benefits and services. Yet, a closer look at these two countries points to key differences in areas such as fiscal federalism, health care, old-age pensions, and family benefits. This special issue of the Journal of Comparative and International Social Policy looks at recent social policy developments in Canada and the United States in ways that further illustra

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Tsedilina, E. "The US Ukrainian Front." Russia and New States of Eurasia, no. 4 (2022): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/2073-4786-2022-4-9-21.

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Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine, which began in the format of a limited armed conflict, by the efforts of the United States was transformed into a full-scale indirect war of the collective West with the Russian Federation. Formally remaining outside the conflict, the United States is taking an active part in it, providing unprecedented military assistance to Ukraine. The main task of the American leadership is to inflict strategic defeats on Russia without endangering its own territory. On the Ukrainian front, the existential issue of preserving the positions of global dominance

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17

Askerova, Matanat Pasha. "Historical aspects of development of the institution of legal assistance between states in criminal matters in the Republic of Azerbaijan." Юридические исследования, no. 7 (July 2021): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7136.2021.7.36043.

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The subject of this research is the historical-legal grounds of rendering mutual legal assistance in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Research methodology is comprised of formal-legal, comparative-legal, and historical-legal methods. Normative framework is formed by the Constitution, provisions of the criminal procedure legislation and laws, international acts acceded by the Republic of Azerbaijan, which regulate mutual legal assistance issues. Objective: to develop proposals for improving the Institute of mutual legal Assistance. assistance in criminal matters based on the historical experience in

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18

Istiqomah, Nurul, Bagus Haryono, and Argyo Demartoto. "Social Practice of Sahabat Kapas in Vulnerable Children and Children with Special Condition Assistance in Surakarta." Society 8, no. 2 (2020): 390–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/society.v8i2.196.

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Vulnerable Children and Children with Special Condition (Anak-Anak dalam Kondisi Khusus dan Rentan or AKKR) are children who must receive assistance and motivation to achieve their rights. In practice in real life, they are temporarily forced to be in correctional institutions/detention centers/Institute for Special Development Children (LPKA) as a result of violating the law. It should not make them shunned, but instead, they must be assisted. Vulnerable Children and Children with Special Condition need enforcement of the fulfillment of their rights. The existence of Sahabat Kapas as a nonpro

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Zabawa, Robert, John Green, and Elizabeth Young Sweeney. "Introduction to the Special Issue on Heirs’ Property." Journal of Rural Social Sciences 38, no. 01 (2023): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34068/jrss.38.01.03.

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This essay presents a brief introduction to the special issue of the Journal of Rural Social Sciences focused on heirs’ property. Real property transferred over generations without a proper will or other transfer device, heirs’ property and heirs’ property owners are vulnerable to a range of challenges, from limited productive land use to the actual loss of land. A situation that is national in scope, heirs’ property rates are particularly high in the southern region of the United States and among African Americans. Articles in this special issue address operationalizing and measuring heirs’ p

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20

Pashkov, Viktor. "DYNAMICS OF US-UKRAINIAN DEFENCE COOPERATION (2014-2021): FROM B. OBAMA TO J. BIDEN." Actual Problems of International Relations, no. 161 (2024): 37–45. https://doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2024.161.1.37-45.

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The article is devoted to the study of the features of military-technical cooperation between Ukraine and the United States in 2014-2021. In particular, the volumes, nomenclature and goals of American military assistance to Ukraine currently, the main directions of bilateral defense cooperation are described in detail. It is determined that despite certain differences in approaches and emphasis in providing military assistance to Ukraine, the administrations of B. Obama, D. Trump, and J. Biden's administrations demonstrated consistency in logic and goals: Washington provided limited defensive

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Wang, Wenxia, and Nai-Cheng Kuo. "Chinese language teachers’ instructional contexts, knowledge, and challenges in teaching students with special needs." Chinese as a Second Language (漢語教學研究—美國中文教師學會學報). The journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association, USA 51, no. 2 (2016): 138–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/csl.51.2.02wan.

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Guided by Shulman’s (1987) concept of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK), this study investigates pre-service and new Chinese language teachers’ instructional contexts, their PCK, and their challenges in teaching Chinese to students with disabilities in public K-12 schools in two Midwestern states in the United States. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from a survey. The study finds that Chinese language teachers are teaching in very complicated and difficult contexts for students with disabilities, and they are facing tremendous challenges, which may have contributed to t

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22

Barry, Christian, and Nicholas Southwood. "What Is Special About Human Rights?" Ethics & International Affairs 25, no. 3 (2011): 369–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0892679411000165.

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Human rights occupy a privileged position within contemporary politics. They are widely taken to constitute perhaps the most fundamental standards for evaluating the conduct of states with respect to persons residing within their borders. They are enshrined in numerous international documents, national constitutions, and treaties; and those that have been incorporated into international law are monitored and enforced by numerous international and regional institutional bodies. Human rights have been invoked to justify popular revolt, secession, large-scale political reform, as well as forms of

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23

Szőke, Júlia, and Kolos Kusica. "Military Assistance to Ukraine and Its Significance in the Russo-Ukrainian War." Social Sciences 12, no. 5 (2023): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12050294.

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The interest of social sciences in the military dates back ages, and currently, special attention is being paid to Russia’s war in Ukraine. The present paper also follows this research trend, and it intends to analyze both the tactical and operational levels of war by investigating how the military assistance provided by Western states and international organizations to Ukraine is influencing the course of the Russo-Ukrainian war. Subsequently, the paper studies the military assistance in all three phases of the war, beginning from the invasion of Crimea, through the Donbas offensive, to the p

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Galuschenko, Herman. "Establishing the content of foreign law through international treaties." Ukrainian Journal of International Law 3 (September 30, 2020): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36952/uail.2020.3.81-85.

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In the article, the author gives the main mechanisms of establishing the content of foreign law, which are applied in most states – namely, briefly stated rules of civil procedural codes or special laws on private international law. The author focuses on the fact, that an additional source for mechanisms of establishing and clarifying content of foreign law are also international agreements, in particular – bilateral agreements on legal assistance, which states conclude between themselves to establish cooperation in order to resolve civil and criminal cases.It was found out, that in most count

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Skrypniuk, Oleksandr. "International legal assistance to Ukraine in the fight against russian aggression." ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF THE LEGAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR AND THE POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION OF THE STATE, no. 13 (October 2022): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/2524-017x-2022-13-2.

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The article examines the issue of international assistance to Ukraine in the fight against Russia’s large-scale aggression. This aggression caused the biggest crisis of the system of international security, international law, and international relations after World War II and caused the destruction of the modern international order. At first, Russia’s actions caused a certain disunity in the democratic world. But the treacherous attack and the start of a full-scale war in the center of Europe rallied the leading states of NATO and the European Union. The main and consistent provider of aid to

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SRIKANTH REDDY MANDATI. "Artificial intelligent in China and United States." International Journal on Integrated Education 2, no. 5 (2020): 278–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i5.552.

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The development of Information Technology has the power to make a computer think and act like a human being. Artificial intelligence is a special feature of information technology that involves developing a machine that works and responds like a human mind. The main features of artificial intelligence take into account the sensitivity of human senses. The system is able to recognize speech and touch as features set in the system to carry out the tasks of a normal state of health without human assistance. However, the wisdom of implanting the study of intelligent agents who take the environment

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Williams, Sarah, and Justine N. Stefanelli. "Disaster Strikes: Regulatory Barriers to the Effective Delivery of International Disaster Assistance within the EU." Journal of International Humanitarian Legal Studies 2, no. 1 (2011): 53–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187815211x586188.

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AbstractThis article considers the European Union's legal framework and its ability to facilitate – or hinder – international assistance for natural disasters occurring within the European Union. At a time when the frequency and severity of natural disasters in the EU appears to be increasing, and when it is more likely that affected EU Member States are required to seek assistance from outside their borders, or even outside the EU, it is important to ensure that international assistance is able to reach its intended target. Member State domestic legal frameworks may delay, obstruct or prevent

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Yoshida, Hidehisa, and Pongsathorn Raksincharoensak. "Special Issue on Innovative Robotics and Mechatronics Technology of Modern Passenger Cars for Zeroing Traffic Accidents." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 32, no. 3 (2020): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2020.p0483.

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The Science Council of Japan’s 2008 Report, “Aiming for a Zero Traffic Accidents Society,” states that “it is necessary to establish various driver assistance technologies based on the fact that most drivers make mistakes”; “for advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) technologies, cooperation between human operation and machine assistance, and social acceptability need to be evaluated”; and “new driver assistance by introduction of robotics technology and application of automated driving in specific operating domain should be considered in the near future.” A wide array of robotic technologi

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Hein, Arina. "Pastoral Assistance Model of the Christian Evangelical Church in Minahasa, Indonesia." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 05, no. 11 (2022): 4877–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7273894.

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Pastoral Assistance of the Christian Evangelical Church in Minahasa (GMIM) North Sulawesi, Indonesia has its own challenges due to the diversity of cultures, ethnicities, and religions. Therefore, this study aims to describe the model of pastoral assistance of the Christian Evangelical Church in Minahasa to be interesting. This study uses a qualitative research method with participatory observation, interviews, and documentation data collection techniques. The results showed that the GMIM Pastoral Assistance Model was carried out in stages starting from the Personal, Family, Column, Region, an

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Nolen, Sharon L., and W. Fred Dimmick. "Epa's Control Technology Approach to Assisting States and Regions with Air Toxics Problems: Five Case Studies." Toxicology and Industrial Health 6, no. 5 (1990): 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379000600520.

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The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced in June 1985 a new strategy to reduce public exposure to toxic air pollutants in the ambient air. Over the next 5–8 years, the strategy called for State and Local authorities to take on more of the lead regulatory role, with the Agency providing technical and financial assistance to their efforts. The shift in emphasis and responsibility from the Federal level to State and Local air toxics programs and the need to transfer expertise from the Federal level to the appropriate State or Local level prompted EPA's Office of Research and Developmen

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Kwon, Huck-ju, Suyeon Lee, and Ye Eun Ha. "Policy analysis of Korea’s development cooperation with sub-Saharan Africa: a focus on fragile states." International Development Planning Review ahead-of-print (October 1, 2021): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2021.23.

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It has been ten years since the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States was endorsed by the global community. The government of South Korea set out development initiatives to put fragile states at the top of its development agenda and substantially increased its bilateral aid to them. This study analyses the policy orientations of South Korea’s aid to fragile states by exploring the determinants of Korea’s official development assistance to forty-eight sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries over the period 2010-2019 with reference to the top ten OECD donors to SSA countries as a group. The stud

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Ademi, Arta Mehmeti. "International norms and standards for juvenile justice." Balkan Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 9, no. 2 (2023): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjir-2023-0005.

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Abstract The evolution of international regulation in the field of protection of children’s rights has its first beginnings as early as 1924, with the adoption of the Declaration on the Rights of Children. Ordinance for the benefit of children, also known as the Declaration of Geneva. “The delinquent child must be saved” is the rule from this document which emphasizes the need for special treatment, care and assistance of the child who has crossed the limits of legal and social norms as well as behavioral rules. It is clear that the violation of children’s rights is the most serious form of vi

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Karpovich, Oleg G. "International legal problems of extradition in the united states:theory and practice." Yugra State University Bulletin 17, no. 4 (2021): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/byusu202104103-110.

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Abstract: Russia consistently supports the return of interstate cooperation to the framework of generally recognized principles and norms of international law with the central coordinating role of the United Nations. Russia insists on stopping the "hunting" of American special services for Russian citizens in third countries, returning them to their homeland, who were sentenced to long terms of imprisonment in the United States under far-fetched pretexts. It is necessary to correct the problems artificially created by Washington with cooperation on legal assistance, to normalize the conditions

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Manoj Kumar Agarwal and Samia Ansari. "Interest-Free Long-Term Loans for Empowering Development in India." European Journal of Development Studies 3, no. 6 (2023): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejdevelop.2023.3.6.319.

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Interest-free long-term loans for capex to the Subnational Governments of India, under the Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment (SASCI) Scheme, would facilitate the effective implementation of the present developmental schemes and infrastructure projects across all the States in unison, thereby empowering development. The Central Government of India’s expedited release of capex loans to states is accelerating development spending and contributing to an increase in overall public capex. Consequently, this boost in public capex is also crowding in private capex. Given the reductio

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Dr., Jose Jacob. "Pivotal Role of the Central Grants." Indian Journal of Economics and Finance (IJEF) 5, no. 1 (2025): 108–13. https://doi.org/10.54105/ijef.A2623.05010525.

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<strong>Abstract: </strong>In the Indian federal system, the Central Finance Commission is appointed every five years under Article 280 to make recommendations on the distribution of central taxes among the states. Besides, the central government provides grants for various needs to the states under Article 275. To address challenges such as evident economic imbalances, distorted resource distribution, natural disasters, epidemics, and adverse global events, the Government of India has established a robust and resilient grant system. The central government imposes selected conditions on utilis

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Dr., Jose Jacob. "Pivotal Role of the Central Grants." Indian Journal of Economics and Finance (IJEF) 5, no. 1 (2025): 108–13. https://doi.org/10.54105/ijef.A2623.05010525/.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> In the Indian federal system, the Central Finance Commission is appointed every five years under Article 280 to make recommendations on the distribution of central taxes among the states. Besides, the central government provides grants for various needs to the states under Article 275. To address challenges such as evident economic imbalances, distorted resource distribution, natural disasters, epidemics, and adverse global events, the Government of India has established a robust and resilient grant system. Unlike the central share of taxes, the central government im

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PAN, GUI-XIA, YI-MIN LIU, XUE-QIN ZUO, WEN ZHANG, and ZHAN-JUN ZHANG. "QUANTUM INFORMATION SPLITTING OF TWO-QUBIT STATE WITH MINIMAL CLASSICAL COMMUNICATION AND MEASUREMENT COMPLEXITY." International Journal of Quantum Information 06, no. 05 (2008): 1101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749908004286.

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We present a quantum information splitting scheme of a two-qubit state by using two Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states as quantum channels. In this scheme, since the sender Alice knows the quantum information in priori, she only needs to perform a two-qubit measurement and publish two classical bits for her two agents Bob and Charlie to reconstruct the quantum information via their mutual assistance. We calculate the success probability and classical communication cost within the scheme. In the general case, Alice can successfully split the state with probability 25% (probabilistic) and

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Passaro, Perry D., Anna Lou Pickett, Glenn Latham, and Wang Hongbo. "The Training and Support Needs of Paraprofessionals in Rural Special Education." Rural Special Education Quarterly 13, no. 4 (1994): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875687059401300402.

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Over 1,000 surveys were distributed to randomly selected paraprofessionals, teachers, related service personnel, and administrators throughout three of the most sparsely populated states (North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming) to study the training and support needs of paraprofessionals in rural settings. The need for additional training is apparent since the paraprofessionals surveyed requested assistance in understanding students with disabilities, their roles as paraprofessionals, task analysis procedures, and the Individual Educational Program (IEP) process. Other findings address the qu

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Kuznetsov, Vitaly. "A Language specialist as a Subject of Law Enforcement." Legal Linguistics, no. 34 (45) (December 27, 2024): 90–96. https://doi.org/10.14258/leglin(2024)3412.

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The article concentrates on a language specialist and their procedural status in the Russian legislation. The responsibilities of a language specialist are considered in accordance with the procedural legislation and stated as providing technical and scientific (advisory) assistance to a law enforcement officer. The specificity of such assistance is shown based on the nature of special knowledge. Special attention is paid to the issue of the procedural status of the expert's opinion, its difference from the expert's conclusion.

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Parkhomenko, Valentin. "Islamic terrorism in Mozambique and the role of the United States." Russia and America in the 21st Century, no. 6 (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207054760023479-3.

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The author explores the origins of the current Islamist insurgency in the northern province of Mozambique Cabo Delgado and the factors that enabled it to develop: a local traditional Islamic leadership out of touch with the interests of younger Muslims; an economic and social deprivation in the North of Mozambique amid a wealth of natural resources; the corruption and an ineffective local governance. The current and potential assistance to Mozambique”s flagging counterterrorism efforts on the part of African states – SADC’s members and USA are also reviewed though Washington while supporting S

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Yundt, Keith W. "The Organization of American States and Legal Protection to Political Refugees in Central America." International Migration Review 23, no. 2 (1989): 201–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791838902300202.

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Since 1978, massive influxes of asylum seekers have placed great strain upon recipient states in Central America. At the global level, protection and assistance to refugees is entrusted to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). At the regional level, one would expect involvement by the Organization of American States with Central America refugees; either to supplement UNHCR activities or to enforce independent inter-American standards. This article reviews inter-American standards and agencies of concern for asylum seekers and refugees. Special attention is given to the int

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Paranhos, Ranulfo, Dalson Filho, Enivaldo Rocha, and José Alexandre Júnior. "CAMPAIGN FINANCE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: A NESTED ANALYSIS APPROACH." PANORAMA OF BRAZILIAN LAW 2, no. 2 (2018): 225–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17768/pbl.v2i2.34391.

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This paper analyzes campaign finance in a comparative perspective, giving special attention to Brazil and the Unites States. The focus regards the level of regulation on the sources of campaign contributions. Methodologically, the research design adopts a nested approach, combining descriptive and multivariate statistics with deep case studies and documental analysis. Additionally, we replicate data from the Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA) to estimate a standardized measure of regulation. The results suggest that most countries show low levels of control over the source

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Paranhos, Ranulfo, Dalson Filho, Enivaldo Rocha, and José Alexandre Júnior. "CAMPAIGN FINANCE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: A NESTED ANALYSIS APPROACH." PANORAMA OF BRAZILIAN LAW 2, no. 2 (2018): 225–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17768/pbl.v2i2.p225-250.

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This paper analyzes campaign finance in a comparative perspective, giving special attention to Brazil and the Unites States. The focus regards the level of regulation on the sources of campaign contributions. Methodologically, the research design adopts a nested approach, combining descriptive and multivariate statistics with deep case studies and documental analysis. Additionally, we replicate data from the Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA) to estimate a standardized measure of regulation. The results suggest that most countries show low levels of control over the source

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Paranhos, Ranulfo, Dalson Filho, Enivaldo Rocha, and José Alexandre Júnior. "CAMPAIGN FINANCE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: A NESTED ANALYSIS APPROACH." PANORAMA OF BRAZILIAN LAW 2, no. 2 (2014): 225–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17768/pbl.y2.n2.p225-250.

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This paper analyzes campaign finance in a comparative perspective, giving special attention to Brazil and the Unites States. The focus regards the level of regulation on the sources of campaign contributions. Methodologically, the research design adopts a nested approach, combining descriptive and multivariate statistics with deep case studies and documental analysis. Additionally, we replicate data from the Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA) to estimate a standardized measure of regulation. The results suggest that most countries show low levels of control over the source

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45

Paranhos, Ranulfo, Dalson Filho, Enivaldo Rocha, and José Alexandre Júnior. "CAMPAIGN FINANCE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE: A NESTED ANALYSIS APPROACH." PANORAMA OF BRAZILIAN LAW 2, no. 2 (2018): 225–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17768/pbl.y2n2.p225-250.

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This paper analyzes campaign finance in a comparative perspective, giving special attention to Brazil and the Unites States. The focus regards the level of regulation on the sources of campaign contributions. Methodologically, the research design adopts a nested approach, combining descriptive and multivariate statistics with deep case studies and documental analysis. Additionally, we replicate data from the Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA) to estimate a standardized measure of regulation. The results suggest that most countries show low levels of control over the source

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Hopkins, Raymond F. "Ending Hunger in Africa." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 16, no. 2 (1988): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700500705.

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The African food crisis of 1983-85 galvanized political commitment both among African governments and in industrialized states to alleviate the chronic problem of hunger in Africa. One result is the 13th General Assembly Special Session on the economic crisis of Africa in May-June, 1986. This step, following considerable preparation, paralleled steps by African states to allocate greater resources to agriculture and food production and by the World Bank and other donors to help increase their assistance targeted toward the relief of hunger and the establishment of food security. After years of

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Pkhakadze, Tamar. "Improving Youth Unemployment Issues and Further Development of Youth Policies in the European Union member states." Technium Social Sciences Journal 34 (August 8, 2022): 521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v34i1.6934.

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Young people are the most important part of the country's labour resources and a strategic resource for socio-economic development. Employment of young people requires special assistance and support. They are distinguished from other socio-demographic groups of the population by their health, level of education, vocational training, mobility, high demands on work, etc. It is necessary to establish mechanisms and set goals through ministries, local governments, youth organizations, the private sector, civil society and international organizations to improve the various problems or challenges fa

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Rossiev, Viktor V. "Free legal aid in the United States of America." Tyumen State University Herald. Social, Economic, and Law Research 9, no. 3 (2023): 176–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-7897-2023-9-3-176-191.

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Free legal aid is one of the fundamental institutions of ensuring human rights guaranteed both by the norms of international law and the norms of national legislation of most civilized countries in the world. It is based on the idea of providing legal assistance for the public good — the “pro bono” principle. This article considers the system of free legal aid operating in the territory of the USA in a positivist and historical-legal context. The tendency of gradual expansion of the scope of application of free legal aid from exclusively criminal cases to the spheres of civil and administrativ

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Aksamit, Diana, Morgan Chitiyo, and John Wheeler. "Education of students with intellectual disabilities in the United States, China and Poland. Analytical and comparative approach." Man Disability Society 54, no. 4 (2021): 49–61. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6429.

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Until today, research about the education systems for students with intellectual disabilities has focused on how special education is organised for students who need specialist assistance. Available studies most often describe the education systems in the countries neighbouring Poland,in economically developed countries or in countries which have implemented innovative solutions unknown to other countries, into their educational policies. Poland draws from these types of solutions. It is impossible to describe, in one article, all the education systems for students with mild or severe intellec

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Chrisman, James J., Elizabeth Gatewood, and Leo B. Donlevy. "A Note on the Efficiency and Effectiveness of Outsider Assistance Programs in Rural versus Non-Rural States." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 26, no. 3 (2002): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104225870202600304.

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Although numerous countries have developed policies and programs to encourage entrepreneurial behavior in rural areas, there have been few attempts to compare the performance of entrepreneurial development programs in rural versus non rural settings. The existing literature led us to expect that such programs will be more efficient and effective in urban areas. However, in this study, virtually no significant relationships were found between urban and rural states—defined by the proportion of the population living in non-metropolitan counties—on the variables used to measure the performance of

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