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Journal articles on the topic 'Special law of contracts'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Papp, Tekla. "Legal Dogmatic Questions about the Impact of the European Union’s Digital Legislation on Hungarian Contract Law." Juridical Tribune - Review of Comparative and International Law 14, no. 1 (2024): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.62768/tbj/2024/14/1/03.

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The complexity and flexibility of contract law, and its ability to meet various social, economic and technical-technological needs, are indicated by a number of theories (approaches) that offer a new approach to the processing of contracts. Among the predominant theories one might include the following: overview of contracts from a constitutional and human rights approach2; deriving from this the contracts related to private and family life (intimate contracts)3; by connecting the concepts of contract law and property rights, exploring the specific characteristics of existing contracts4; filli

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2

Атнабаева, Юлия Вилевна. "ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF RISK CONTRACTS AS SPECIAL CIVIL LAW STRUCTURES." Rule-of-law state: theory and practice 18, no. 3(69) (2022): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33184/pravgos-2022.3.2.

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The development of market relations is accompanied by an increase in the needs of participants in civil law relations for contractual forms that ensure the redistribution of risks. At the same time, the established list of legally enforceable contractual forms containing elements of a risk nature seems to be very flexible and does not meet the requirements of civil turnover. The main trend of reforming Russian civil legislation is the complication of both the system of risk contracts and their legal structure itself, in particular, new civil law constructions of risk contracts have emerged (a

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3

Filatova, Nataliia. "Smart contracts from the contract law perspective: outlining new regulative strategies." International Journal of Law and Information Technology 28, no. 3 (2020): 217–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eaaa015.

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Abstract Smart contracts nowadays start being widely used in various areas of economic and social life. In most cases smart contracts are somehow related to legal contracts: the former may constitute part of a legal contract, an entire contract, or be used to automate a contract performance. Meanwhile, a question whether modern contract law is applicable to smart contracts is rather debatable, since smart contracts initially were designed to rely only on technical rules embedded in blockchain and considered as self-sufficient instruments capable of addressing various issues which may emerge in

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4

Perkušić, Marko. "The Legal Treatment of Smart Contracts under Croatian Law." Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu 61, no. 4 (2024): 473–97. https://doi.org/10.31141/zrpfs.2024.61.154.473.

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This paper analyzes smart contracts and the possibilities of applying legal regulation to them. Since smart contracts are not specifically regulated in the Republic of Croatia, the paper considers the possibility of applying European secondary law and Croatian civil law. In doing so, we consider the mode of operation of smart contracts, as well as the various systems by which they can function. Then we determine whether a smart contract is a contract at all and what are the legally relevant features of smart contracts that could help us classify smart contracts. Accordingly, we determine the d

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Hrynko, S. D. "The contract as a basis for obligations under Roman private law." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 3 (July 18, 2023): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2023.03.3.

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The article is devoted to the characteristics of the contract as a basis for the emergence of obligations under Roman private law. It was established that the concept of «agreement» was not characteristic of ancient Roman law. The agreement of two or more persons on the creation, change or termination of the legal relationship was based on a contract or pact. A contract with legal protection was recognized as a contract. A pact was a contract, as a rule, without legal protection and legal significance, therefore the fulfillment of the obligation depended on the good faith of the counterparties

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Song, Young-Min. "Medical Contract." Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute 28 (December 31, 2022): 61–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22397/bml.2022.28.61.

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This paper reviewed the legal nature of medical contracts and the legislative method of medical contracts by reviewing the problems arising in the process of establishing, implementing, and terminating medical contracts in relation to delegation contracts under civil law. In general, non-typical contracts can be divided into ①completely newly created, ②similar to a typical contract, but they are deformed beyond acceptance as a typical contract, and ③the specificity of the contract needs to be discussed. Delegation contracts and medical contracts have a common purpose of handling af

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Shinkareva, O. V., and D. S. Agafonov. "Tax risks of retraining civil law relations with self-employed citizens into labor." Buhuchet v zdravoohranenii (Accounting in Healthcare), no. 7 (July 25, 2022): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-17-2207-04.

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Many health care institutions, primarily private ones, are increasingly attracting professional income tax payers in their activities, drawing up civil law contracts with them. At the same time, this type of contracts is often used by unscrupulous taxpayers to avoid paying mandatory payments, in connection with which the tax authorities pay special attention to the control of these contracts. The article considers the differences between the employment contract and the civil law contract, lists the signs of substitution by the civil law contract with the payer of the tax on the professional in

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8

Kaczorowska, Bogna. "Juridical Status of So-called Smart Contracts against the Background of the Polish Legal Framework." Masaryk University Journal of Law and Technology 13, no. 2 (2019): 189–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mujlt2019-2-3.

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Among substantial advancements challenging contemporary contract law special attention is given to autonomous, cryptographic solutions based on decentralised infrastructure provided by blockchain technology, intended to execute transactions automatically, designated as smart contracts. The need for comprehensive research on legal implications of practical implementation of this technological innovation is triggered particularly by the prognostications declaring it a valid alternative to hitherto contract law framework that is expected to be ultimately replaced by algorithmic mechanisms underpi

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Singh, Ravindra Kumar. "Are Smart Contracts Really Smart? Decrypting the Issues of their Legality, Enforcement and Interpretation." National Law School Business Law Review 10, no. 2 (2024): 7–44. https://doi.org/10.55496/vksc4447.

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Law has been effectually responding to the legal issues raised by technological advancements. It has indeed recognised electronic contracts (or e-contracts), i.e. the formation of contracts in electronic form or by means of exchange of electronic records. Currently, the contract law especially is confronted with unique challenges posed by smart contracts, which have the potential to produce manifold advantages. Smart contracts are computerised programs or ‘transaction protocols’ which automatically execute the terms of agreement upon the fulfilment of conditions recedent agreed upon by the par

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10

Sakowska, Katarzyna. "Umowy o zarządzanie w świetle transformacji gospodarczej w Polsce." Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica 23, no. 2 (2024): 185–203. https://doi.org/10.15290/mhi.2024.23.02.07.

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Management contracts are an exceptionally heterogeneous legal category – it is an example of a service contract, not stylized by the legislator in legal acts as a special type of contract, and at the same time there are direct solutions for the management of the enterprise in special laws. There is no single regulation, and therefore no legal definition, and at the same time the widespread use of management contracts in legal transactions causes many doubts to arise with regard to their various elements. The subject of the management contract is an object of interest for representatives of man

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11

Kirsanov, A. N., and A. V. Kuzmin. "Smart Contract as a Type of Contract under Russian Law." Journal of Law and Administration 19, no. 3 (2023): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2023-3-68-45-52.

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Introduction. This article discusses the problem of the lack of special legislative regulation of the institution of smart contracts, which is expressed, among other things, in the absence of a definition of the concept of a smart contract and a distributed ledger of transactions (blockchain) in the law. The authors made an attempt to identify the presence of negative effects on legal relations due to the presence of a legislative gap in the regulation of this institution.Materials and methods. As part of the research, the author uses both general and specific scientific research methods. When

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Rudiansyah, Rudiansyah, and Syaiful Anam. "Akad Tidak Bernama Dalam Hukum Kontrak Bisnis Syariah." Jurnal Keislaman 6, no. 1 (2023): 174–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54298/jk.v6i1.3693.

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Studying unnamed contracts is an important requirement for economic business actors, especially sharia economic actors. The rapid development of the economy and business requires business actors to study unnamed contract forms in sharia business practices in order to respond to the challenges of the times. This research will examine unnamed contracts in sharia business contract law. This type of research is library research, which is a study by examining data from various literature. The results of the study show that unnamed contracts are contracts that are not specifically regulated in fiqh

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13

Zhmur, Nataliia, and Veronika Momotiuk. "TYPES OF ECONOMIC CONTRACTUAL LEGAL RELATIONS AT THE CURRENT STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE’S ECONOMY." Scientific works of National Aviation University. Series: Law Journal "Air and Space Law" 4, no. 61 (2021): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18372/2307-9061.61.16364.

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Purpose: a comprehensive study of the concept of contract and analysis of types of economic contracts, contractual relationships that affect the development of Ukraine’s economy. To achieve this goal, general and special scientific research methods were used, in particular, such as: comparative law, system-structural method, as well as the method of analysis of current legislation. Results: the concept of economic agreement is analyzed, the types of economic agreements are studied, which serve as the main legal instrument, which is the relationship of business entities in market conditions. Di

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Rovniy, V. V. "About the state registration of a contract and contract’s consequence." Siberian Law Herald 2022.2 (2022): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2071-8136.2022.2.80.

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The article is dedicated to the wide circle of questions, connected with the state registration procedure foreseen for a number of contracts by the law. The registration objects’ pluralism and registrating bodies’ diversity are pointed to. The rule of p. 3 art. 433 Civil Code of the Russian Federation, a plenty of changes in the civil legislation in the connection with the registrating procedure in a contracts are comprehended. Particular attention is made to the consequences of registrating demand’s infringement for different registrating objects (obligatory and disposal contracts, contract’s

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Karabin, T. "Administrative agreements: unknown and conflicting issues of ukrainian legislation." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 4 (September 11, 2024): 372–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2024.04.60.

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It is indicated that changes in the approaches and principles of administrative law have affected almost all parts of this branch of law. And administrative contracts in this matter are no exception. Until recently, it was believed that the contractual instrument in legal relations is inherent mainly to private law, where the parties are equal and can negotiate accordingly, and the agreements reached are recorded in contracts. The sphere of public law, where parties are equal and contracts are traditionally concluded, is the sphere of international law and interstate relations. Subordinate adm

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16

HoJeong Kim. "Special Rules on Contracts in Public Law." HUFS Law Review 34, no. 4 (2010): 293–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.17257/hufslr.2010.34.4.293.

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17

Đurović, Andrea. "Smart contracts as an innovation in insurance law." Pravo i privreda 58, no. 3 (2020): 305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/pip2003305c.

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One of the major current topics and one of the major innovations in the contract law, as well as in insurance law is the invention of the smart contracts. The author is basing her research on use of smart contract in insurance law and what are the main legal issues arising from the use of smart contract. In her paper, the author points out that the implementation of the smart contract in insurance law will greatly affect all participants in insurance contract and a significant step forward in improving the level of protection of insurance users (consumers), although it takes time and readiness

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18

Martinov, Darija. "Life insurance contract – concept and basic characteristics." Evropska revija za pravo osiguranja XXIII, no. 2 (2024): 30–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/erpo2302.30m.

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Life insurance contract is one of the most significant contracts in the field of insurance. Its roots extend to the ancient period, with its development being linked to various religious and professional associations and institutions. In modern law of various European countries, the life insurance contract is often not defined separately but is encompassed under the general concept of an insurance contract. To highlight the special characteristics of the life insurance contract where necessary, its specifics are outlined in relation to the general legal rules on insurance contracts. This appro

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19

Yavor, O. "Special circumstances for change or termination of housing agreement (rental)." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 2 (July 24, 2022): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.02.20.

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The article examines certain issues of housing law, in particular, the special grounds for changing and terminating the contract of employment (lease) of housing in today's conditions and in connection with the introduction of martial law in Ukraine. It is noted that along with the general grounds for terminating a housing (lease) contract, new special grounds for changing or terminating have appeared. In Ukraine, the legal framework for regulating housing relations is based on the following principles: freedom of contract, equality, fairness, etc. It is substantiated that the construction of

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20

Myronenko, I. "Conflict regulation of international commercial contracts in Ukraine: modern approaches and prospects for development." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 4 (September 11, 2024): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2024.04.24.

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This article examines the issues of the system of conflict of laws principles and conflict of law rules regarding the regulation of international commercial contracts, the peculiarities of their application, and the prospects for the development of the corresponding legal regulation in Ukraine. Today, conflict regulation of international commercial contracts in Ukraine is carried out using general and special models. Conceptually, this is related to the application of such conflicting principles as the «party autonomy» of the parties to the contract and the «close connection» of the applicable

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21

Żok, Krzysztof. "Law Applicable to Cloud Computing Contracts Concluded with Consumers under Regulation 593/2008, According to the CJEU Case Law." Masaryk University Journal of Law and Technology 14, no. 1 (2020): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/mujlt2020-1-4.

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The undoubted popularity of cloud computing stems in particular from the fact that the provider can simultaneously offer access to his or her computing resources to an almost unlimited number of users located in different countries. Although this feature brings significant benefits to the provider, it also raises serious questions regarding the law governing the contract. The concerns become especially relevant in the case of contracts concluded between a consumer and a professional due to the limits of the choice of law and the special rules protecting consumers.The article analyses the law a

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22

Naude, Tjakie. "Price reduction as a generalised remedy in the law of contract." South African Law Journal 142, no. 2 (2025): 402–38. https://doi.org/10.47348/salj/v142/i2a9.

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Price reduction should be recognised as a generalised remedy for breach of contract. Price reduction is already recognised in sale and lease contracts. The Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 also provides for it in respect of services. It should also be available in other contract types (subject to special regulation for contract types where there is structural inequality between the parties). For example, price reduction is necessary in contracts to do a piece of work (locatio conductio operis). The costs order and court’s statement on costs orders in BK Tooling (Edms) Bpk v Scope Precision E

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23

Hanafie, Nurharsya Khaer, Fatimah Hidayahni Amin, and Ririn N. "Prinsip dalam Berkontrak Pelaku Olahraga Sepakbola Profesional di Indonesia." JURNAL YUSTIKA: MEDIA HUKUM DAN KEADILAN 24, no. 02 (2021): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/yustika.v24i02.4775.

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Legal studies have two types of research, namely normative legal research and empirical legal research. According to Peter Mahmud Marzuki, normative legal research is a process to find a rule of law, legal principles, and legal doctrines to answer the legal problems faced. Normative legal research is carried out to produce new arguments, theories or concepts as prescriptions in solving problems at hand. The research of this article aims to find out the principles of contracting for professional football players so that professional sports players in entering into a business agreement can find

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Ene, Charlotte. "Smart contracts - the new form of the legal agreements." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 14, no. 1 (2020): 1206–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/picbe-2020-0113.

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AbstractToday we are witnesses an explosion of online business, developed on the internet – a special environment that requires own resources and tools and it is governed by specific rules. In this context, a new type of technology has been developed – the distributed ledger system, which allowed the creation of a new form of the agreement - the smart contracts. Smart contract is the next step forward in the process of digitalized contracts, after using the PDF documents with electronic signatures, and it favors the businesses to be carried out completely automatically, without the need for hu

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Barrero, Julián Darío, Farid Nazzar Herrera, and Jonathan Karlo Martinez Ojeda. "Effectiveness of Electronic Contracts in Civil Law: Project Management." Journal of Ecohumanism 3, no. 5 (2025): 1720–28. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i5.6721.

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Digitalization has profoundly transformed legal relationships, and electronic contracts have established themselves as a key tool in contemporary contracting. This study analyzes the legal effectiveness of electronic contracts in the field of civil law, with special emphasis on the regulatory, technological, and practical challenges faced by parties when formalizing agreements in digital environments. Through a documentary review and comparative analysis of recent international regulations and doctrines, opportunities that strengthen legal certainty are identified, as well as gaps that require

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Rasul, Zuber Mustafa. "The Law Applicable to the Electronic Medical Consultation Contract: (A Comparative Analytical Study)." Journal of Legal and Political Studies 11, no. 2 (2023): 165–88. https://doi.org/10.17656/jlps.10245.

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The subject of this study is the law that applies to contracts for electronic medical consultations which is one of the significant contemporary legal concerns relating to human physical safety. In view of the importance of medical advice and the need for it, especially at the present time, which is characterized by the presence and prevalence of different types of diseases, a new contract formula has emerged between the medical advisor on the one hand and the consultation seeker, on the other hand, the electronic medical consultation contract as one of the legal mechanisms to obtain the inten

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BRIGGS, CHRIS. "Introduction: law courts, contracts and rural society in Europe, 1200–1600." Continuity and Change 29, no. 1 (2014): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026841601400006x.

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AbstractPrivate contracts of many different kinds were at the heart of the rural economy in medieval and early modern Europe. This article considers some of the key issues involved in the study of those contracts, and of the institutions that facilitated their registration and enforcement. Drawing on examples from medieval England as well as the articles in this special issue of the journal, it is argued that complex and effective ‘public-order’ structures for contract registration and enforcement – principally various kinds of law court – were ubiquitous in European villages and small towns i

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28

Sari, Hani Puspita, and Aldira Mara Ditta Caesar Purwanto. "Akibat Hukum Kontrak Elektronik yang dibuat dalam Bahasa Asing." Wajah Hukum 8, no. 2 (2024): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/wjh.v8i2.1515.

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Decisions to cancel foreign-language contracts in Indonesia are often linked to non-compliance with the valid terms of the contract regulated in Article 1320 KUH Perdata. The use of language in electronic contracts has become an important issue because the valid conditions of an electronic contract in Article 47 PP No. 71 Year 2019 refer to the valid contractual conditions in Article 1320 KUH Perdata. Furthermore, the absence of legal regulation over non-compliance with the obligation to use the Indonesian language in electronic contracts in Indonesia can create legal uncertainty. This researc

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Łopuski, Jan. "EUROPEIZACJA PRAWA DOTYCZĄCEGO UMOWY UBEZPIECZENIA." Zeszyty Prawnicze 4, no. 2 (2017): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2004.4.2.01.

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Euro-merge of the Law Regarding Insurance ContractSummaryThe author presents the origins of the Polish commercial insurance law in the context of the process o f its Euro-merge. Special attention is devoted to the evaluation of the quality of the regulation of the insurance contract in the Civil Code against the background of the solutions adopted by laws o f particular W estern European countries. The above problems are discussed in relation to the freedom of contracts principle, general conditions of insurance, consumer contracts law and the limitations of insurance. The evaluation of the Po

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Ivanova, Nelli. "Contractual regulation of custody and guardianship of minor children in modern Russia." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 13 (2020): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2020-4-13-101-110.

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This work is devoted to a relevant topic in modern Russia related to the placement of children without parental care under custody (guardianship). The aim of the work is to study the features of the legal regulation of contractual custody (guardianship) of minor children in modern Russia. The work is written using general scientific and special methods of cognition: historical, dialectical, formal and logical, empirical. We pay special attention to the comparative legal method, which is due to the purpose and objectives of the study. Based on a brief retrospective analysis, the legal nature of

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Coryka, Widhiatmika, I. Nyoman Putu Budiartha, and Ni Made Puspasutari Ujianti. "Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pemilik Kartu Elektronik dalam Transaksi E-Commerceputu." Jurnal Interpretasi Hukum 2, no. 3 (2021): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/juinhum.2.3.4131.525-530.

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Electronic contracts are one of the new forms of contracts that get special protection in Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. In general, electronic contracts are very different from ordinary (conventional) forms of contract, therefore it will be very difficult to directly apply the conditions for the occurrence of conventional contracts to this electronic contract (online contract). The purposes of this study are to reveal the validity of electronic contracts in credit card agreements and legal protection for credit card owners in e-commerce transactions.

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Stankevych, A. V. "THE LEGAL NATURE OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT AGREEMENTS AND THE FEATURES OF CONTRACTING IN ELECTRONIC FORM." Constitutional State, no. 55 (October 15, 2024): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2024.55.311965.

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In the article, based on the analysis of the contractual process, with the help of analytical, formal-logical and comparative legal methods, the legal nature of the peculiarities of public procurement contracts and their difference from other civil-law and economic contracts is clarified, as well as the peculiarities of concluding contracts in electronic form. The relevance of the article is due to the significant importance of contracts on public procurement and the study of the features of concluding contracts in electronic form for the interests of state customers and the state as a whole.

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Vojčík, Peter. "Smlouva o dílo s nehmotným výsledkem." AUC IURIDICA 68, no. 2 (2022): 149–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2022.25.

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The Civil Code in the Czech Republic unified the legal regulation of contract law and removed dualism in this regulation. A work contract is a contract type in which intangible items are also the result of it. The Civil Code of the Czech Republic also enshrines special provisions for an intangible work. It points out the different types of intangible items that can be created or used in connection with a work contract. The author discusses the enacted legislation and points out other provisions that need to be applied to work contracts with intangible result. It analyzes the legal regime of co

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Ali, Moh, and Agus Yudha Hernoko. "Characteristics of Party autonomy in a Transnational Electronic Consumer Contract." Yuridika 35, no. 1 (2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v35i1.15105.

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International contracts involving legal subjects between countries will affect the law chosen by the parties. Electronic contracts are different than conventional contracts in general. Prominent characteristics includevirtual, paperless and borderless. Determination of legal choices cannot be made with a link-point approach that is generally applicable to conventional transactions. The typical e-commerce characteristics should be special treatment for special contracts. The virtual nature that knows no national borders is difficult to determine in which country the legal event takes place. Pap

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Štemberger, Katja. "Legal Dilemmas in the Field of Granting Concessions in Slovenian Law and Some Solutions in Comparative Law." Hrvatska i komparativna javna uprava 22, no. 1 (2022): 37–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31297/hkju.22.1.5.

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In Slovenian law, the granting of concessions is governed by a number of (general and special) laws, which are supplemented by the Public-Private Partnership Act (PPPA) as a systemic law for the granting of concession to public-private partnerships regardless of the value of the concession, as well as the Act on Certain Concession Contracts (CCCA), which is the basic regulation for the award of construction concession and service concession contracts falling within the scope of the Directive 2014/23/EU. The CCCA is primarily used in relation to other regulations. Regardless of special law prov

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Chalyi, Yu I. "Civil law contract as a document." Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 99, no. 4 (2022): 212–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/v.2022.4.18.

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Based on the analysis of current Ukrainian legislation, practice of its application, provisions of civil law doctrine and documentary studies, it has been identified the general features of civil law contracts as documents. The need to develop theoretical provisions on a contract as a document is caused by insufficient research of these issues in the science of civil law. The definition of the features of a contract-document is based on the principle of “from the general to the special”: first, the constitutive features of documents as such are established, and then these features are ex

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Askari, Farideh. "A comparative look at the validity of contracts in German and Iranian law." International Journal of Advanced Research in Humanities and Law 1, no. 2 (2024): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.63053/ijrel.19.

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A contract is a binding agreement that specifies the rights and obligations of the parties. Nowadays, due to the expansion of the volume of commercial exchanges, contracts have gained special importance in such a way that neglecting them causes economic, political and social chaos in the society. Therefore, the legislator supported the agreements between the parties and placed the principle on the authenticity of the contracts. Considering the importance of the subject, this article has discussed the validity of contracts in the legal systems of Iran and Germany by using the descriptive-analyt

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Hatfield, John William, and Paul R. Milgrom. "Matching with Contracts." American Economic Review 95, no. 4 (2005): 913–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/0002828054825466.

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We develop a model of matching with contracts which incorporates, as special cases, the college admissions problem, the Kelso-Crawford labor market matching model, and ascending package auctions. We introduce a new “law of aggregate demand” for the case of discrete heterogeneous workers and show that, when workers are substitutes, this law is satisfied by profit-maximizing firms. When workers are substitutes and the law is satisfied, truthful reporting is a dominant strategy for workers in a worker-offering auction/matching algorithm. We also parameterize a large class of preferences satisfyin

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Jovičić, Katarina. "Osnovi prestanka trgovinskih ugovora u srpskom pravu." Pravo i privreda 61, no. 3 (2023): 777–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.55836/pip_23305a.

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The paper presents the grounds for terminating commercial contracts according to the rules of the Law on Obligations. Bearing in mind that trade contracts are bilaterally binding, they terminate upon the special rules of the Law for mentioned group of contracts which include: fulfilment of all contractual obligations as stipulated, termination of a contract, impossibility of performance and judicial termination of the contract due to changed circumstances. The paper also discusses the situation of execution of a void contract because of their rescission arise the same questions. Finally, start

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Andriyanov, D. V. "Application of Smart Contracts and Blockchain Platforms in Cross-Border Oil and Gas Transactions: Aggravation of Conflict-of-Laws Problem." Actual Problems of Russian Law 15, no. 6 (2020): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2020.115.6.084-094.

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Modern international hydrocarbons turnover is becoming more autonomous and decentralized. This process is facilitated not only by the introduction into contractual practice of such network technologies as smart contracts and blockchain platforms, but also by the wide dissemination of sources of non-governmental regulation (lex petrolea). In the context of the network paradigm of private international law, the classic problem of conflict of laws is exacerbated. The author considers the conflict-of-laws aspects of the use of smart contracts based on blockchain technology in cross-border oil and

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Shhadah Alhussein, Hussein, Zlatan Meskic, and Ahmad Al-Rushoud. "Sustainability and Challenges of Arbitration in Administrative Contracts: the Concept and Approach in Saudi and Comparative Law." Access to Justice in Eastern Europe 6, no. 5 (2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33327/ajee-18-6s004.

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Background. The arbitrability of administrative contracts contributes to sustainable dispute resolution within the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals 16 (SDG 16). However, different regulation of administrative contracts in comparative law affects the arbitrability of the disputes arising out of them. The question arises – is protection deserved if an administrative contract containing an arbitration clause concluded in violation of the administrative law of the governmental body or without a special approval is invalid, unenforceable, or if the company was unaware of such a require

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Vavzhenchuk, Sergiy. "Obligatory and Property Contracts: Academic Chic or Intellectual Luxury?" Problems of legality, no. 168 (May 6, 2025): 26–38. https://doi.org/10.21564/2414-990x.168.318493.

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The article is devoted to clarifying the peculiarities of the model of obligatory and property contracts. The study of the legal model of property and obligatory contracts is primarily driven by the rapid reform processes of recodification of Ukraine's civil legislation. After all, the contract law of Ukraine requires the introduction of high-quality and balanced legal structures that will improve property circulation without excessive burden. The focus on obligatory and property contracts is driven by the convergence of private law in Ukraine and the EU, with Germany at the center. Considerat

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Lewandowski, A. "PUBLIC LAW CONTRACT IN GERMAN ADMINISTRATIVE LAW." Constitutional State, no. 47 (October 18, 2022): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2022.47.265281.

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The article focuses on the public-law contract in German law. It considers the relationship between the public-law contract and the administrative act in the context of the principle of freedom of choice of form of action of the administrative authorities. It analyses the legal basis of the public law contract. First of all, these covers § 54 of the Administrative Procedure Act as the central norm of the public law contract. Issues relating to the limitations in the enforcement of § 54 are also outlined. In addition, the constitutional background of the public contract is discussed. Particular

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Rousseau-Houle, Thérèse. "La notion d'enrichissement sans cause en droit administratif québécois." Les Cahiers de droit 19, no. 4 (2005): 1039–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/042284ar.

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The problem of unjust enrichment has often been raised in recent years with reference to litigation concerning contracts with public authorities. Many times, parties to such contracts have invoked this principle to obtain compensation for services provided under contracts later declared irregular or void. The courts have then attempted to apply in the context of administrative law the conditions laid down by civil law doctrine for unjust enrichment. The transposition to administrative law of the civil concept of unjust enrichment does not, however, appear to have been adequate. To begin with,

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Mohammed, Abdulhameedothman Abdulqawi Ahmad Che Yaacob. "The Franchise Contract And Its Effects In The Light Of The Legislation In Force In The United Arab Emirates:"A Comparative Study"." Multicultural Education 8, no. 3 (2022): 44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6326063.

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<em>The study mainly aimed to identify the legal nature of the franchise contract and its effects in light of the legislation in force inthe United Arab Emirates. One of its most important results is as follows: </em> <em>The franchise contract is distinguished from other similar contracts, especially the licensing contract for the use of the trademark. Some of the UAE laws in force shall be used to solve some of the problems of the franchise contract. However, benefiting from it remains at a minimum until a special law is issued to regulate it. In addition, the UAE legislator is trying to con

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Shepenko, R. A., and A. G. Isaev. "Taxation of special investment contracts participants." Law Enforcement Review 7, no. 3 (2023): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52468/2542-1514.2023.7(3).85-94.

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16. Balandina A.S. Analysis of theoretical aspects of tax benefits and tax preferences. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvenogo universiteta = Tomsk State University Journal, 2011, no. 4 (16), pp. 105–110. (In Russ.). 17. Danilova V.V. Tax preferences: the concept, types, goals and procedures for obtaining. Oplata truda: bukhgalterskii uchet i nalogooblozhenie, 2022, no. 4, pp. 19–26. (In Russ.). 18. Wells D.A. The Theory and Practice of Taxation. New York, D. Appleton and Company Publ., 1900. 666 p. 19. Chua A.T. Precedent and Principles of WTO Panel Jurisprudence. Berkeley Journal of International

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Knіazkova, L. "SOME ISSUES OF THE CORRELATION OF EMPLOYMENT AND CIVIL LAW CONTRACT." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu. Serìâ: Pravo 14, no. 28 (2024): 68–78. https://doi.org/10.34079/2226-3047-2024-14-28-68-78.

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The article analyses the correlation between the employment contract and civil law contracts related to work. Common features between labour and civil law contracts have been studied. It was noted that the International Labour Organization determines that the main criteria for distinguishing labour relations from similar other relations related to work are "subordination" and dependence." The author compared the common features of the employment contract and the civil law contract as the forms of realization of the right for work, revealed the fundamental differences between labour and civil l

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Dudaš, Atila. "Conformity of goods and guarantee in Hungarian law: Example of transposition of Directive 1999/44/EC by amending the general rules of contract law." Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta, Novi Sad 54, no. 3 (2020): 1043–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrpfns54-29420.

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In 2002 Hungary transposed the Directive 1999/44/EC on certain aspects of sale of consumer goods and associated guarantees, by amending the Civil code of 1959, rather than integrating the rules of the Directive into the then-effective Law on the Protection of Consumers of 1997. Such an approach reveals some advantages if compared to the Serbian law. Namely, in Serbia the former Law on the Protection of Consumers of 2010 introduced special rules pertaining to conformity and guarantees in consumer sales contracts. Consequently, the need arose to limit their scope of application from the general

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Ajanović, Enver. "STATUS UPRAVNIH UGOVORA U PRAVU EU I NACIONALNOM ZAKONODAVSTVU / ADMINISTRATIVE CONTRACTS IN THE LAW OF OBLIGATIONS AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE ACT." Pregled: časopis za društvena pitanja / Periodical for social issues 64, no. 1 (2023): 37–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.48052/19865244.2023.1.2.37.

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Directive on the award of concession contracts br. 2014/23/EU, (Official Journal of the EU, L 94/1) ( in further text: Directive 2014/23/EU),Directive on public procurement and repealing Directive 2004/18/EC, br. 2014/24/EU (Official Journal of the EU, L 94/65) (in further text: Directive 2014/24) and Directive on procurement by entities operating in the water, energy, transport and postal services sectors and repealing Directive 2004/17/EC 2014/25/EU Official Journal of the EU, L 94/243) (in further text: Directive 2014/25/EU) arrange relations on the internal EU market by regulating of admin

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Kukhariev, O. Ye. "Essence of contracts concluded for implementing corporate investment." Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 103, no. 4 (2023): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/v.2023.4.07.

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The article is focused on clarifying the essence of contracts in the field of corporate investment. Achieving the specified purpose is realized through the analysis of the relevant norms of the current legislation of Ukraine, court case-law and provisions of the legal doctrine, which is the objective of this article. It has been emphasized that investment contracts cover various types of civil contracts. It has been determined by the subject matter and objectives of investment (joint operation agreements, capital construction contracts, credit granting agreements, purchase and sale agree

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