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Journal articles on the topic 'Special machinery and technical tools'
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1
Tepeš, Matic. "Framework proposition and technical guidelines for manufacturers of custom made tools, machinery and special equipment." Tehnicki vjesnik-Technical Gazette 22, no. 3 (June 15, 2015): 581–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17559/tv-20140114133656.
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Vafadar, Ana, Majid Tolouei-Rad, Kevin Hayward, and Kazem Abhary. "Technical feasibility analysis of utilizing special purpose machine tools." Journal of Manufacturing Systems 39 (April 2016): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2016.02.003.
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Ercegovic, Djuro, Dragisa Raicevic, Djukan Vukic, Rade Radojevic, Kosta Gligorevic, Milos Pajic, and Mico Oljaca. "Technical-technological aspects of using machines and tools for new technologies in plant production." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 54, no. 3 (2009): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas0903257e.
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Agricultural production is complex process and it depends of various factors which can be controlled. Many of them can be improved by using of various means which are not friendly for environment and health of people. It is necessary to apply only those measures which can maintain and improve physical - mechanical, technological and microbiological properties of soil and also the nutritive potential of soil but will not be harmful for environment. The other part of this story demands decrease of energy necessary in the process of soil preparation. The machinery and tools for new technologies in plant production in Serbia is consisted of: vibrating subsoiler VR-5(7), universal self propelled machine for soil arrangement USM-5, draining plough DP-4 and universal Scraper land leveler, and it is developed to apply changed new technologies of soil preparation. This study gives description of machines, tools and technologies necessary for soil preparation in Serbia; this means preparation of soil surface and depth, special note is given to preservation of environment and improvement of soil potential, but also and how to decrease the energy necessary for the process of soil preparation.
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Zhao, Yu Ping, and Yu Hai Xu. "Electric Machine Technology Needs Analysis of the Linear Motor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 490-491 (January 2014): 1138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.490-491.1138.
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This article is in view of the linear motor aspects of application development in the field of electric machine tool equipment technical requirements analysis, linear motor with its high speed and high acceleration transmission has been in processing center, CNC milling machine, lathe, grinding machine, compound machine, laser is widely used in machine tools and heavy machine tool, in the aerospace, automotive, mold, energy, general machinery in areas such as plays a special role. Linear motor has precise control test system, reasonable matching of the technical indicators, to make it on the electric machine driven by linear motor can realize stable precision mobile and linear motor used for electric spark machine tool is another innovative application achievement of the modern advanced manufacturing industry. Domestic electric machine mostly adopts five axis NC gear rack drive control system, using the linear motor drive control system was still in the stage of research, to promote the linear motor is widely used in the field of electric machine, and the demand analysis.
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Ibaraki, Soichi, and Andreas Archenti. "Special Issue on Machine Accuracy Evaluation." International Journal of Automation Technology 14, no. 3 (May 5, 2020): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2020.p0359.
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The accuracy of a three-dimensional (3D) positioning system can ultimately be evaluated via measurement of a 3D vector between command and actual end-effector positions at arbitrary points over the entire workspace. This is a simple, yet challenging, metrological problem. The motion accuracy of a machine tool is traditionally evaluated on an axis-to-axis basis, with every error motion of every axis being independently measured as part of a one-dimensional measurement process in a different setup. Toward the ultimate goal of 3D position measurement over the entire workspace, research efforts have offered several new, practical measurement technologies. This special issue covers the technical and academic efforts regarding the evaluation of machine tool accuracy. The papers in this special issue clarify the latest research frontiers regarding machine tool accuracy from a metrological viewpoint. In the first paper, by Montavon et al., error calibration technologies and their management are reviewed within the Internet of production concept. Long-term accuracy monitoring and management are clearly among the most crucial technical challenges faced regarding machine tools, and the work by Xing et al. is related to them. Ibaraki et al. presented machining tests to evaluate the thermal distortion of a machine tool. Peukert et al. studied the dynamic interaction between machine tools and their foundations. Various 3D measurement schemes for determining machine error motions have been investigated by many researchers, and some have been implemented in industrial applications. Kenno et al. and Florussen et al. investigated 3D measurement using the R-test for five-axis machines. Miller et al. studied simultaneous measurement of six-degree-of-freedom error motions of a linear axis. Nagao et al. presented an error calibration method for a parallel kinematic machine tool. The editors appreciate the contributions of all the authors, as well as the work of the reviewers. We are confident that this special issue will further encourage research and engineering work for improving the accuracy and performance of machine tools.
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Yuan, Guang Ming, Lei Liu, Hao Chen Wang, Xue Jian Jiao, and Zhan Min Yin. "The Technical Study on Cylinder Cam Machining." Key Engineering Materials 407-408 (February 2009): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.407-408.99.
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Worm cam mechanism is a common indexing mechanism which is widely used in automatic machinery. Because of its high transmission precision requirements, the mechanism has high demands on the cylinder cam. The machining methods of cylinder cam are unique and the methods of special machine tool and NC machining are the two methods that general adopted in the machining of it. In this paper, the method of CNC Programming which is used for machining cylinder cam in 5-axeses high speed DMU 70eVolution Machining Center is introduced. The machining principle of cylinder cam has been studied, and the mathematical model for CNC Programming has also been worked out. The automated compensation of cutting tool’s radius is used in this field for the first time.
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Cisar, Miroslav, Ivan Kuric, Nadezda Cubonova, Ivan Zajacko, Tomas Dodok, and Anna Rudawska. "Utilization of educational machine tool for training of technical diagnostics based on positioning performance." MATEC Web of Conferences 157 (2018): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815701004.
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The technical diagnostics as essential part of machine tool maintenance provides information about condition of examined machine tool but it requires not only special equipment but also certain level of skill of operators in order to achieve optimal performance. The article is aimed at the set of methods and tools capable of providing realistic simulation of various machine tool conditions in order to allow hone skills necessary for effective diagnostician.
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Pămîntaş, Eugen, and Felicia Veronica Banciu. "V Prism Special for Centering Devices." Applied Mechanics and Materials 371 (August 2013): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.371.74.
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Centering cylindrical parts is a very common operation meet in different cutting processes on various types of machine tools. To this purpose they are intended to use auxiliary assemblies known as "centering devices", they can achieve centering "between centers" on exterior or interior cylindrical parts surfaces, and are of the following types: universal, special or specialized, single or multiple. Solutions constructive diversity and the their drive variants known in technical literature is huge and mainly is limited numerically by restrictions related on the one hand, by technical indicators: diameter range of machining parts production batch number, type of the drive, and the machine-tools type that will make his job, positioning accuracy required, and on the other hand, economic indicators: processing costs, cost device maintenance costs. Limiting the topic only to the cylindrical parts with at least two steps of diameters that require centering on outer cylindrical surfaces, the known centering devices variants are reduced mainly to those using pairs of V-shaped prisms and with synchronous movement. The difficulty of working with such devices is the multitude and softness adjustments to be made; so that the part axis remains invariant spatial after fixing the cylindrical part on at least two levels simultaneously. The paper proposes a special prism profiled, used in the construction of such centering device in which one of the operative surfaces of the prism is not flat, but curved surface, which was determined analytically.
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Wegener, Konrad, and Atsushi Matsubara. "Special Issue on Advanced Material Driven Design of Machine Tools." International Journal of Automation Technology 14, no. 2 (March 5, 2020): 261–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2020.p0261.
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The design of machine tools strongly depends on the materials chosen. Increasing requirements on machine tools require the joint optimization of material and design and thus also drive the development of new materials in this field. Digital technologies finally creating a digital shadow of the machine in development also enable the required co-development taking into consideration dynamic, thermal and long term influences and behavior, enabling state and health monitoring to increase the performance of the machine tool to the maximum possible. The choice of material for the different components of machine tools is today even more difficult than ever. The recent review paper by Möhring et al. [1] sheds light on the vast field of properties and decision opportunities of combining materials at hand with design features. In former times, cast iron was the predominant material for machine bodies and has left its footprints on the design of machine tool bodies lasting still up to now. Because massive machine bodies have been the wealth of good properties, high accuracy, stiffness, good material damping properties have been attributed to cast iron design, then with increasing strength requirements higher strength cast irons came into fashion having much less material damping and finally lead to welded frames. Today requirements of dynamics and thermal behavior change the scene again. The goal is to achieve high productivity with high accuracy, which typically is a contradiction. But increasing dynamics requires distinguishing between moving bodies and their non-moving counterparts, and opens the floor for multimaterial design. For moving parts, which have to move with high dynamics meaning, high speed, high acceleration, high jerk, light weight design prevailed with the utilization of standard materials. Because manufacturability plays a major role, the bionic structures have to be degraded to thin walled rib structures as demonstrated in Fig. 1, while in future additive manufacturing will remove that restriction and enable some real bionic structures. Furthermore material choice has a huge impact on inertia savings which opens the door for CFRP, which becomes especially interesting, when the anisotropy of this material is exploited as shown in Fig. 2. From the manufacturability truss structures then result shown in Fig. 3. For the nonmoving elements, the base body, cast iron, welded steel, polymer cast, and concrete are typical materials chosen. Also aluminium structures are discussed despite the fact that aluminium has only one third of the stiffness of steel, but it offers much better thermal conductivity equalizing temperature differences faster and thus reduces the warp of the structure, which typically causes larger errors than an isotropic thermal expansion. For the choice of materials no generalizable guideline exists. The question which material is the better choice is not answerable in generality, because design follows material, which means that a sound comparison requires completely new design approaches for the different materials, where the difference between metal and polymer concrete or CFRP is really large, offering different potentials. As an example, a design of a fast moving bridge of a gantry machine might be considered. The guiding of a support on this bridge with roller guidings imposes severe problems to the design due to the material mix and different thermal expansion coefficients. Thus the choice of CFRP for the bridge necessarily must be followed up by a decision of the guiding principle, where in this case aerostatic bearings were considered as the most promising possibility. Also the potentials for function integration into the material are of major interest for the material choice, as this is easily possible for low temperature castings like for mineral cast, CFRP, or concrete. This integration of functionalities actually is a fairly new approach and relates again the machine body design to inspiration from biology, as for instance trees or leaves are from the point of view of materials weaker than our technical materials, but have a fine integration of functionalities as transmittance of information and nourriture. Sensor integration opens the field for “feeling machines” also inspired from biology, which enables the machine to detect its embedding environment and react accordingly. Cheap and miniaturized sensors are on the other side the developments that enable this approach of machine design. In the age of compensation, Industrie 4.0 and biological transformation, this functional integration will have a huge impact on material choice. Also in terms of thermal issues in machine tools, the material choice plays a major role, as thermal elongation is a physical property which is influenced by material choice. A much larger influence comes from design as indicated already above. With growing importance of compensation besides sensor integration, especially the thermal linearity and reproducibility are of crucial importance, which makes multi material design a non-trivial design task. The discussion on the superiority of thermally fast reacting machines or thermally slow reacting machines has not come to an end yet. Problematic are machines composed of components that react fast and those that react slow. A major step in that direction is the discovery of thermal resonances in [5], which shows that temperature change frequencies can depending on the machine design lead to higher or lower thermal displacements of the TCP and therefore need to be taken into account in the design phase and are significantly influenced by the choice of materials. Restrictions and influences are also coming from the process a machine tool has to enable. The material choice must take into account the influence of different media as for instance the metal working fluids as well as the debris like hot chips etc. The aforementioned discussion is mainly a discussion of main structural parts of machine tools. It must be pointed out that a machine tool is more than the sum of its structural elements, as also covers, which typically get forgotten in all academic discussion of behaviors of machine tools, but are significant for the influence of the environment on the machine tool. Also here the material choice plays a major role. Finally material choice to a large extent decides on the costs of a machine tool, but due to the huge amount of influence factors a sound fact based decision requires a nearly full design elaboration of various material choices and the summation of costs at the end of this process. This special issue with its various individual papers elucidates different aspects of the influence of materials on the design of machine tools without being capable of offering clear rules for material choice. ===danraku===1) Isolating material to exclude environmental influences on machine tools is proposed. ===danraku===2) A new guiding system with rollers and sliding guidings is proposed and the different materials for the sliding part are investigated. ===danraku===3) Gears from bamboo fibres are proposed and the manufacturability as well as their performance are discussed. The gears offer great advantages from the environmental point of view. ===danraku===4) CFRP for spindle shafts is evaluated and CFRP spindles are compared with steel spindles within the same geometric boundary conditions. The performance increase in compliance and thermal stability is significant. ===danraku===5) A topological optimization of a grinding machine tool structure is presented and showed drastically increased performance. The difficulty to transfer it to a mass producible machine tool structure is pointed out. ===danraku===6) A design of a CFRP ram for a high speed stamping press is presented and testing procedures to ensure the ability of the ram to withstand billions of impacts are designed and carried out. ===danraku===7) CFRP can beneficially applied for the cutting tool structure and besides enhancing dynamics in terms of mass and damping the material also is a valuable basis for smart tools. There are good arguments for each of the materials, which cover the whole scope of machine tool functionality: manufacturability, stiffness, strength, specific mass, thermal properties, function integrability, reproducibility, availability, environmental friendliness, and costs.
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Zdziarska, Roksana, Agata Biniek, Daniel Grochała, and Mirosław Pajor. "Research on the economic efficiency for technological equipment extending of the kinematic chains on the numerically controlled machines." Mechanik 92, no. 10 (October 7, 2019): 624–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2019.10.80.
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The article describes the selection of machining holders included in the so called special machining fixture-tools. The equipment presented in the work is readily used by technologists as a solution extending the kinematic chain of the machine tool. It enables multi-axis machining (from many sides) using one item clamping. This paper presents the calculation of productivity and its growth through the use of special equipment. The research was carried out for medium-volume production, which is quite a difficult area in the design of technologies and the study of production costs. In the technical development of tooling and modeling of its usage costs, it was assumed to maintain the required level of dimensional and shape accuracy with a simultaneous significant reduction of operating costs. As part of the work, a model was also developed for determining the break-even point of investment in special machining tools that are used on triaxial milling machining centers.
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Chen, Chih Ming, and Cheng Ho Chen. "Friction Characteristics of Clasp Locked Precision Locknuts under Different Conditions." Advanced Materials Research 853 (December 2013): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.853.447.
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As the machine tool industry moves towards high speed and high precision, we must have detection technology for the mechanical properties of fasteners, in order to overcome technical bottlenecks. This article is especially aimed at machine tools and special-purpose machines that commonly use clasp locking precision locknuts. In this research, the anti-loosening characteristics of precision nuts are investigated under different conditions, such as the clearances, end processing methods, nut cutting speeds, lubricants, and tightening speeds. The results can provide the precision nut manufacturers a data base for product design. The experimental results show that with the end surface machining method using concentric grinding, nut cutting speed 800rpm, 2rpm speed of tightening, and the use of lubricant 2TML, the nut has better anti-loosening characteristics.
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Nakano, Masaru, and Nobuhiro Sugimura. "Special Issue on Green Manufacturing and Supply Chain." International Journal of Automation Technology 6, no. 3 (May 5, 2012): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2012.p0251.
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With machine tools evolving with the hardware and control whose dramatic advances are expanding the field, requirements for performance have grown tougher. These have made it more complicated to design, produce, and maintain machine tool systems. This has also ensured that performance evaluation and prediction technology play an increasingly important and active role in these areas. Green manufacturing technology (GM) and green supply chain management (GrSCM) are becoming increasingly important as awareness of global warming, energy security, pollution, metal shortages, etc., grow. Although sustainability has economic and social dimensions, the objective of GMand GrSCM is to enhance environmental sustainability. IJAT published a special issue on Design and Manufacturing Toward Sustainability in January 2009. Global manufacturing networks and eco-city projects are increasingly widespread. This special issue therefore includes GrSCM, and eco-business issues, together with GM and green-product design. The focus here is on opening a scientific discussion on these topics through considering which challenges should be addressed. This special issue covers the following proposals: 1. Key success factors and eco-business methodology 2. Efficient scheduling algorithms for production, logistics, and projects as economic improvement becomes more environmentally friendly 3. Simulation for analyzing supply chain robustness 4. Surveys summarizing conventional studies related to green supply chains Since the proposed topics in this special issue are somewhat limited, we encourage you to new promising topics. Most conventional GrSCM and sustainable supply-chain studies, for example, cover only concepts and surveys. Efficient algorithms for logistics in factories or supply chains are not new to the academic field. We encourage young researchers to move away from already mined areas to more challenging subjects. Another example is the socio-technical approach which needs various research fields such as economics, business, policy, and life-cycle assessment because stakeholders include governments, people and enterprises. We would like to express our sincere appreciation to the authors for their submissions and to the reviewers for their invaluable efforts. Without these, this special issue could not have been published. This special issue on machine tool evaluation should prove especially interesting to researchers and engineers engaged in the enhancement of accuracy, efficiency, and versatility in machine tool systems, including the important disciplines of tooling and cutting tools. The topics that are covered in this special issue include – but are not limited to – the metrology of machine tools, the identification of kinematic errors through machine tool geometry, the evaluation of thermal deformation, the dynamic analysis of machine tools, the evaluation of spindle stiffness, and cutting-edge monitoring technology. All of these provide advanced knowledge concerning that state-of-the-art of technology required to ensure that machine tool design continues to remain innovative. I would like to close here by expressing my sincere appreciation to all those who have worked to make this issue interesting and informative. My special thanks go to the authors of the featured articles and to the reviewers whose invaluable efforts have made this publication possible.
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Бігич, Оксана Борисівна, and Валентина Василівна Стрілець. "POTENTIAL FOR THE USE OF ICT IN TEACHING SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TRANSLATION." Information Technologies and Learning Tools 76, no. 2 (April 22, 2020): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v76i2.2812.
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The article analyzes the features of both general-purpose and translation ICT tools, which can be applied at different stages of scientific and technical translation and, accordingly, in the process of would-be translators’ professional training. General-purpose ICT tools include a Word processor as a means of the target text formatting and finalizing; search engines necessary for widening background, subject-matter and linguistic knowledge at the information-reference and terminology search stages; means of electronic communication, in particular email, providing interaction among the translation project participants. The paper focuses on advantages and disadvantages of translation ICT tools: translation databases (Reverso context); electronic dictionaries (ABBYY Lingvо, multitran) necessary for improving and expanding would-be translators’ vocabulary; electronic text corpora as sources of authentic linguistic materials, machine translation systems (Google Translate) and CAT tools (Trados, SmartCAT) capable of accelerating target text drafting. In the context of machine translation analysis, the necessity to determine the indicators of machine translatability and to carry out source text pre-editing based on controlled language rules and target text post-editing is emphasized. It is pointed out that CAT tools can increase translators’ performance, provide terminology consistency and enable translation project management; at the same time, their application requires developing special skills. A number of issues that need further research are outlined: concretizing the translator training stages appropriate for introducing specific ICT tools; the ratio of the training time allotted for pen and paper translation and ICT-based one; the expediency of applying machine translation systems, in particular Google Translate, in each particular case.
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Kholodov, Oleg, Lyudmila Usenko, and Marina Kholodova. "Budget support as a tool for innovative and technological development of agriculture in Russia." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 08078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127308078.
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The article is devoted to budget support as the main tool of innovative and technological development of agriculture in Russia within the framework of the State Program. Special attention is paid to the mechanism of subsidizing preferential investment loans aimed at modernizing the material and technical base of agricultural production. The assessment of the state of material and technical support of agricultural production in Russia in comparison with other countries of the world is given. The composition and structure of the limits of the resource provision of the departmental project “Stimulating investment activity in the agro-industrial complex” for 2017-2019 is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the mechanism of preferential investment lending. The dynamics of the purchase of agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation is presented, taking into account the new mechanism of state support that encourages the technical re-equipment of the industry. The rating of the leading credit and financial organizations of Russia participating in the implementation of the mechanism of preferential investment lending is presented. The composition and structure of concessional investment loans have been studied. The article describes the practice of updating the material and technical base of agriculture through Resolution No. 1432 and the system of JSC “Rosagroleasing”.
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Moriwaki, Toshimichi. "Ten years of International Journal of Automation Technology." International Journal of Automation Technology 11, no. 3 (April 28, 2017): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2017.p0339.
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I would like to extend my sincere congratulation on the tenth anniversary of the International Journal of Automation Technology. The journal has been successfully publishing, for the last ten years, original scientific papers, review papers, technical papers, and technical notes as well as special issues on dedicated topics, all related to recent advancements in automation technology. I am most respectful to not only the editors and the publisher but also the contributors of the papers for their continued efforts. It is quite unique that the journal covers a wide spectrum of scientific and technical topics in the field of automation technology, including manufacturing systems, production planning, robotics, machine tools, control, manufacturing processes, metrology, etc. The Journal has been contributing greatly to the engineers in various industries to improve their productivity and also to the scientists and researchers to conceive new ideas and to publish their research results. If we look back on the developmental history of the machine tool, which is the key to manufacturing automation, it started as a manual machine and then evolved into a mechanized or powered machine tool, a numerically controlled machine tool, and then an intelligent machine tool. It is thus expected that information technology, including IoT, Industry 4.0, the handling of so called big data, and the intelligent control of machine tools and robots as well as advanced processing technologies will play important roles in advanced and automated manufacturing in the future. I expect that the International Journal of Automation Technology will continue to be the major information source for the scientists and engineers who will create new values for manufacturing technologies in the future. Toshimichi Moriwaki November 6, 2016
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Gherghina, George, Dragos Tutunea, Dragos Popa, Mihaela Liana Bogdan, and Nicolas Lambrache. "The Method of Design and Manufacturing of the Gear Hobbing Cutter with Bulges." Applied Mechanics and Materials 657 (October 2014): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.657.13.
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This paper presents the design and manufacturing aspects of these tools. Constructive and geometric peculiarities are exposed for the gear hobbing cutter with large modules. The design of the gear hobbing cutter with modified profile in the parametrized variant permits a rapid adaptation to any conditions. Depending on the particular constructive geometric of the gear hobbing cutter profile it was created the virtual prototype (solid model). This is analyzed and, in the final stage, it is manufactured [1,2,3,4,] . Manufacturing techniques of the tool include the obtaining of the profiled knifes for clearance (achieved by increased 50:1 templates on the machine for profiled tools) and the special control templates (obtained on templates milling machine F. Studer) [. This paper presents the method of obtaining of the gear hobbing cutter profile by adjusting the corresponding shape of the abrasive disc to optimize the grinding conditions [. It is recomended the method which use the changing of the rack reference imposed by technical and functional conditions [7,8,.
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Hristova, Petya Vaskova. "TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS AS PART OF A FUNCTIONAL MODERN SOCIETY." CBU International Conference Proceedings 5 (September 22, 2017): 184–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v5.922.
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The European economy is dependent on transport. Electronics, fertilizer, medical items, metal paint, plastic, rubber and different modes of machinery are classified as dangerous goods when transported, as are pesticides and different products for agriculture and cosmetics. Within the transport context, dangerous goods are considered to be those goods which may cause harm to people, the environment or property. They are transported mainly by specialized companies, using special equipment. It is vitally important for the economy that dangerous goods are transported in a well-synchronized logistic chain that is both functioning and efficient. The transport often requires the use of different transport modes, intermediate storing or crossing of national borders. In order to ensure that the complex chain is efficiently functioning, the following article aims to summarize the harmonization and bridge the differences between the nation's legislations and those governing the various modes of transport. Innovative technical tools, methods, and systems are analyzed in cooperation with operators and infrastructure managers. The article describes how the economy is highly influenced by safety regulations and anti-terror actions
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Khoreshok, Alexey, Leonid Mametyev, Valery Nesterov, Aleksandre Tsekhin, and Andrey Borisov. "Unitized Attachment Points of a Disk Tool for the Working Bodies of Shearers and Tunnelling Machines." MATEC Web of Conferences 297 (2019): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929703008.
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An important task in the technological process of a mining enterprise is preparatory mine working performance, as effective operation of an entire mining complex depends on rate and quality of drilling. Therefore, the main factor affecting the performance of the process of underground mining is the correspondence of design and operating parameters of the working bodies of tunnelling machines to mining and geological conditions. The underground mining operations showed that rocks with a strength f ≤ 10 and high abrasiveness are to be destroyed with disc tools, providing higher strength, wear-resistant parameter and low dust formation in comparison with cutters. The usage of disk tools on the working bodies of tunnelling machines of selective action is a poorly studied task and requires special research of the questions of destruction, crushing and loading of rocks at reverse working modes. It has been established that researches aimed at design development of an attachment point of a disk tool for arrow-type working bodies of a tunnelling machines is an urgent scientific task. The original technical solutions for the design of the attachment points of disc and cutter tools are proposed to improve the processes of cutting of working bodies in the face massif, dust suppression, sealing and mounting-dismounting operations at the operation of shearers and tunnelling machines.
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Hawley, E. Haven. "Revaluing Mimeographs as Historical Sources." RBM: A Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rbm.15.1.414.
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Curators are partners with printing historians, collectors, and conservators, as well as with communities, in selecting, preserving, and interpreting cultural heritage. Uncovering the role of a technology such as mimeography reveals more than a history of a specific machine or technical process. It secures a better understanding about social experience by authenticating accounts about how diverse groups communicated with their own communities and to others. Special collections professionals need to be archaeologists to recover evidence from and to best preserve 20th-century publications. Current tools for studying recent print artifacts are insufficient. Thus, collaborating to generate methods for analysis is an . . .
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Bonetti, Ivandro, Valter Vander Oliveira, and Adriano Fagali Souza. "Evaluation of the Cutting Force and Geometric Error for Roughing Operation by Plunge Milling." Advanced Materials Research 223 (April 2011): 350–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.223.350.
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Nowadays there has been noticeable an expressive technological development in the cutting process to machine moulds and dies, through applying new materials, cutting tools and machining strategies. The rough operations depict an important portion in the machining time of these pieces. In front of this scenario, a new milling rough operation in the tool’s axial direction represents a possibility to optimize this machining process so as decreasing the machining time and increasing the material removes rates. A few scientific studies have been carrying out at this thematic, limited to a technical-commercial researches. Therefore this work contributes with the knowledge in this machining process through an experimental trial analyses. In special it studies the cut direction effects during climb and conventional milling in these operations. The result quantifies the cutting parameters influence at the cutting force and error form.
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Hanson, Lars. "Computerized Tools for Human Simulation and Ergonomic Evaluation of car Interiors." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 44, no. 38 (July 2000): 836–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120004403842.
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Cars are a media fulfilling vital part of the society's need of transports as well as representing an icon of the technical development by underlining critical aspects of man and machine interface. However, various studies show that drivers experience pain and fatigue and also get disorders due to frequent or longterm driving at poor body postures. Through integration of ergonomics into the early design phase these issues can be minimized. Comfort and safety are of special importance when designing car interiors. Comfort is complex. Interior parameters such as; aesthetics, cabin space, ease of reaching controls, luminance, noise, odor, seat design, styling, climate and vibration affect the driving experience. Perceived comfort is to some extent possible to replicate by computer simulation of the human being, which at the same time could illuminate ergonomics by means of various ergonomic evaluation methods in some case integrated in these tools. This paper is a survey of such three tools, ANNIE-Ergoman, JACK and RAMSIS, used for human simulation and ergonomic evaluation. By these tools it is possible to evaluate clearance, comfort, field of vision and reach. The tools are compared and the comparison shows that all three tools have great potential in evaluating car interiors ergonomically in the early design phase. But the comparison also highlights differences between these tools and areas where one tool is superior the other. The paper points on areas as: manikins' skin representation and manikin's movements require further improvements. The paper also underlines the importance having tool-users with insight in the ergonomic evaluation methods. Furthermore, enhancement of the ergonomic evaluation methods and the integration between simulation and ergonomic evaluation methods are also needed.
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Makushev, Andrey E. "Government Policy and Corporate Interests: Search for the Development of Agricultural Engineering in Russia in the Late XIX – early XX centuries." Humanitarian: actual problems of the humanities and education 19, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2078-9823.047.019.201903.249-262.
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Introduction. Against the backdrop of increased government participation in the economic development of the country, support for agricultural engineering was seen as one of the tools for transformation in the agricultural sector, as well as a way to increase public welfare. In addition, the government was interested in the growth of agricultural production and exports, which became one of the most important sources of foreign exchange funds. This article will attempt to explore the position of the state and the forms of its participation in the development of agricultural engineering in Russia. Special attention will be paid to the process of folding the corporate organization of manufacturers of agricultural machinery and implements, against the backdrop of the strengthening of monopolistic trends in the Russian economy in the late XIX – early XX centuries. Materials and Methods. In solving the research problems, archival materials, published data of official statistics, and also scientific literature were used. The study was conducted on the basis of the principles of historicism, objectivity and system approach. The need to process quantitative data necessitated the use of a statistical method. The use of modernization theory made it possible to include the development processes of the production of agricultural machinery and implements in the trend of industrial modernization. Results. Based on a study of archival and published sources, as well as available scientific literature, the main development problems were identified, and the evolution of government policy in the field of agricultural engineering in the late XIX – early XX centuries was examined. Against the backdrop of increased government participation, the processes of capital self-organization are shown, the forms and results of interaction between government structures and corporate-monopoly organizations in the development of this industry are studied. Discussion and Conclusion. At the end of the XIX and beginning of the XX centuries, state participation in the development of the industry took place in two directions. Firstly, the customs regulation of imports of agricultural machinery, which was protectionist in nature. Secondly, direct support to manufacturers of machinery and complex technical devices for agriculture (bonuses and soft loans to owners of specialized enterprises, assistance in the transportation and marketing of products, etc.). In parallel, there was a consolidation of domestic manufacturers of agricultural machinery and implements in order to exchange experience, jointly solve the most pressing problems and lobby their interests in government circles. Since 1907, congresses of Russian manufacturers of agricultural machinery and implements began to be regularly held. In fact, this corporate organization has transformed into a monopolistic type of association. The study showed that the interaction of government structures and corporate-monopoly associations of manufacturers of agricultural machinery and implements, despite some differences, was generally cooperative in nature and had a very positive effect on the development of the industry.
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Savinykh, P. A., Yu V. Sychugov, and V. A. Kazakov. "FRACTIONAL TECHNOLOGY AND TOOLS FOR POST-HARVEST GRAIN TREATMENT AND PROCESSING WITH CRUSHING." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 12, no. 4 (September 27, 2018): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2018-12-4-16-21.
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The use of fractional technologies for post-harvest treatment and processing of grain heap delivered from field with further special purpose use of grain fractions leads to a significant increase in grain production efficiency. (Research purpose) Developing a fractional technology for post-harvest treatment and processing of grain with crushing and preservation of feed grain fraction and designing a technological line and machines for it. (Materials and methods) The authors have analyzed the technological level and developed a fractional technology for grain post-harvest treatment and processing by crushing with subsequent preservation of the feed grain fraction. They have offered a technological line and presented the design and technological parameters of the corresponding technical means (МЗУ-20Д - grain cleaning universal machine, МПО-30ДФ - preliminary grain cleaning machine with fractionation, ПЗД-3,1, ПЗД-10 – two-stage grain crusher). (Results and discussion) The authors have designed, manufactured and tested a universal grain-cleaning machine МЗУ-20Д. It efficiently cleans grain material coming from the field after its threshing by combine harvesters, and divides it into fractions: seed and feed grain – 60-70 percent, waste material - up to 10 percent, grain fodder - up to 40 percent. Further on, the grain is sent for crushing (for wet grain), followed by preservation and hermetic storage of the products obtained before their feeding to animals. Tests have shown that the developed feed preparation machine efficiently performs the technological process. The authors have developed a two-stage grain crusher (ПЗД-3,1), performing the crushing of grain material in two stages by three rollers, followed by preservation (for wet grain) of the feed grain fraction. (Conclusions) It has been established that the use of the new fractional technology and equipment contributes to an increase in grain cleaning productivity – by 30-40 percent, and the estimated annual economic effect of the renovation is 400,000 rubles. The estimated annual economic effect of the use of the two-stage grain crusher (ПЗД-3,1) has proved to be more than 60 thousand rubles, and the level of production intensification has increased by 26 percent as compared to the MURSKA crusher produced in Finland.
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Zhao, Jingwei, Zhengyi Jiang, Leszek A. Dobrzański, Chong Soo Lee, and Fuxiao Yu. "Recent Development in Micromanufacturing of Metallic Materials." Materials 13, no. 18 (September 11, 2020): 4046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184046.
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Product miniaturization is a trend for facilitating product usage, enabling product functions to be implemented in microscale geometries, and aimed at reducing product weight, volume, cost and pollution. Driven by ongoing miniaturization in diverse areas including medical devices, precision equipment, communication devices, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and microsystems technology (MST), the demands for micro metallic products have increased tremendously. Such a trend requires development of advanced micromanufacturing technology of metallic materials for producing high-quality micro metallic products that possess excellent dimensional tolerances, required mechanical properties and improved surface quality. Micromanufacturing differs from conventional manufacturing technology in terms of materials, processes, tools, and machines and equipment, due to the miniaturization nature of the whole micromanufacturing system, which challenges the rapid development of micromanufacturing technology. Against such a background, the Special Issue “Micromanufacturing of Metallic Materials” was proposed to present the recent developments of micromanufacturing technologies of metallic materials. The papers collected in the Special Issue include research articles, literature review and technical notes, which have been highlighted in this editorial.
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Ibaraki, Soichi, and Andreas Archenti. "Special Issue on New Technologies for Robotic Manipulators and Their Industrial Applications." International Journal of Automation Technology 15, no. 5 (September 5, 2021): 565–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2021.p0565.
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The industrial robot is more precisely an “automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator, programmable in three or more axes, which can be either fixed in place or mobile” (ISO 8373:2012). According to the International Federation of Robotics, by 2018, more than 400,000 new units were being installed annually, and the global average robot density in the manufacturing industry was 99 robots per 10,000 employees. More than 30% of all installed robots were in the automotive industry, the biggest customer for robots. Research on measuring and calibrating, modeling, programming and controlling, and integrating systems has been conducted to give robotic manipulators a wider variety of industrial applications. This special issue covers technical and academic efforts related to new technologies that improve the accuracy and facilitate the implementation of robotic manipulators in industrial applications. The first paper, by Ibaraki et al., outlines technical issues and future research directions for the implementation of model-based numerical compensation schemes for industrial robots. The random forest method is used by Kato et al. to construct a calibration model for positioning errors and identify industrial robots’ positioning errors. A procedure for the quasi-static compliance calibration of serial articulated industrial manipulators is proposed by Theissen et al. A review of the kinematic modeling theory and a derived algorithm to identify error sources for a six-axis industrial robot are presented by Alam et al. Nagao et al. derive a forward kinematics model and identify the kinematics parameters for the calibration of a robot-type machine tool. A novel trajectory generation algorithm, including a corner smoothing method for high-speed and high-accuracy machining by industrial robots, is proposed by Tajima et al. Sato et al. study the vibration characteristics of an industrial robot and derive a mathematical model that represents the dynamic behavior of the system. In the context of smart manufacturing, a multilayer quality inspection framework including a measurement instrument and a robot manipulator is introduced by Azamfirei et al. To support mass customization and the development of reconfigurable manufacturing systems, Inoue et al. propose an autonomous mobile robotic manipulator. Yonemoto and Suwa present an adaptive manipulation procedure to establish an automated scheduling technique that flexibly responds to unforeseen events, such as machine failures. Sasatake et al. introduce a learning system that is based on a method for calculating the similarity between tools, and they test it on a robot system for doing housework. Finally, for better knowledge of the key challenges that manufacturers experience in implementing collaborative industrial robots, an industrial survey is conducted by Andersson et al. The editors sincerely appreciate the contributions of all the authors as well as the work of the reviewers. We are confident that this special issue will further encourage research and engineering work to increase our understanding and knowledge of robotic manipulators and their industrial applications.
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Pustovoit, Viktor N., Yuri V. Dolgachev, and Yu M. Dombrovskii. "The Technology of Distortion-Free Quenching in a Magnetic Field of Thin-Walled Details of the Ring Form." Solid State Phenomena 316 (April 2021): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.316.233.
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During heat treatment of machine parts and tools, besides the usual task of ensuring a high complex of mechanical and operational properties, there is a problem of distortion of products in the process of heat treatment and the need for editing operations (which are carried out manually and require significant labor costs). The known methods do not solve the problem of removing distortion for thin-walled parts of the ring shape completely. This paper shows the technical possibility of using the energy of a constant magnetic field for the "internal" straightening of products during heat treatment in the temperature range of super-plasticity of transformation. The use of special equipment makes it possible to eliminate virtually the distortion of thin-walled parts of the ring shape and to improve their mechanical properties.
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Rahman, Md Arafatur, and A. Taufiq Asyhari. "The Emergence of Internet of Things (IoT): Connecting Anything, Anywhere." Computers 8, no. 2 (May 17, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers8020040.
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Internet of Things (IoT) plays the role of an expert’s technical tool by empowering physical resources into smart entities through existing network infrastructures. Its prime focus is to provide smart and seamless services at the user end without any interruption. The IoT paradigm is aimed at formulating a complex information system with the combination of sensor data acquisition, efficient data exchange through networking, machine learning, artificial intelligence, big data, and clouds. Conversely, collecting information and maintaining the confidentiality of an independent entity, and then running together with privacy and security provision in IoT is the main concerning issue. Thus, new challenges of using and advancing existing technologies, such as new applications and using policies, cloud computing, smart vehicular system, protective protocols, analytics tools for IoT-generated data, communication protocols, etc., deserve further investigation. This Special Issue reviews the latest contributions of IoT application frameworks and the advancement of their supporting technology. It is extremely imperative for academic and industrial stakeholders to propagate solutions that can leverage the opportunities and minimize the challenges in terms of using this state-of-the-art technological development.
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MacInnes, Janet I. "‘Big Data’ in animal health research – opportunities and challenges." Animal Health Research Reviews 21, no. 1 (June 2020): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1466252319000215.
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AbstractAutomated systems for high-input data collection and data storage have led to exponential growth in the availability of information. Such datasets and the tools applied to them have been referred to as ‘big data’. Starting with a systematic review of the terms ‘informatics, bioinformatics and big data’ in animal health this special issue of AHRR illustrates some big-data applications with papers on how the use of various omics methods may be used to facilitate the development of improved diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines for foodborne pathogens in poultry and on how a better understanding of rumen microbiota could lead to improved feed absorption while minimizing methane production. Other papers in this issue cover the use of big data modeling in dairy cattle for more effective disease interventions and machine learning tools for livestock breeding. The final two reviews describe the use of big data in better vector-borne pathogen forecasts with canine seroprevalence maps and modeling approaches to understand the transmission of avian influenza virus. Although a lot of technical and ethical issues remain with the use of big data, these reviews illustrate the tremendous potential that big-data systems have to revolutionize animal health research.
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Bołoz, Łukasz. "Directions for increasing conical picks’ durability." New Trends in Production Engineering 2, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2019-0029.
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Abstract Conical picks are cutting tools used in many branches, in particular in the mining, road construction and building branch. Contact with the excavated face causes their constant wear, which is an unfavorable but unavoidable process. Milling heads of working machines are equipped with several dozen conical picks, and mining in abrasive or hardly accessible rocks can reduce their life to a few hours. It is in the interest of both users and producers to increase their durability, as tools replacement, apart from purchase and logistic costs, results in machine downtimes. In the article various solutions of conical picks, their construction, dimensions and materials used have been discussed. Technical procedures applied to increase the durability of conical picks and their regeneration as well as methods of extending the life of picks working in difficult conditions have been presented. Two author’s methods of extending the life of picks working in difficult conditions, covered by a patent application, have also been presented. The first solution involves ensuring an uninterrupted rotational movement of the pick in the holder. Patent claims include an innovative method of equipping the additional sleeve integrated with the holder with a rotational bearing, which enables a continuous rotation of the pick. The tool equipped with a bearing generates much lower movement resistance than the standard mounting. The holder is designed to mount classic commercial picks. What is important, the pick replacement does not require interfering with the bearing assembly. The second solution concerns the manner of protecting the working part of the pick by means of a special element made of an abrasion resisting material. This element is the pick tip, the geometry of which varies from the commonly applied posts made of sintered carbide. In this solution, the tip has a shape corresponding to the form of conical pick’s wear, which causes that its steel body does not wear. Moreover, there is a possibility of applying a mobile, rotational mounting of the tip to the body.
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Tolstosheev, P. A., M. O. Belyakov, and E. A. Tolstosheeva. "Military repair system of AMS equipment and communication." Issues of radio electronics, no. 12 (December 28, 2019): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2218-5453-2019-12-22-26.
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Problems of carrying out repair and technical maintenance of the automatic management system (AMS) equipment and communication in service of the rocket and artillery arms (RAA) of Russian Armed Forces divisions are considered. The military repair system of AMS equipment and communication capable to increase efficiency of logistics support service by automating key processes is offered. The composition of the hardware and software complex that ensures the interaction of repair units and higher governing bodies is offered. The software part provides storage and processing of information on status monitoring, functional checks, maintenance, diagnostic results and repair of attached objects and their components. The hardware is represented by a universal built-in set of communication and data transfer means, which allows to provide a unified control loop of repair units of the logistics support service. The main means of technical support for repair operations is a mobile workshop for diagnostics and repair of AMS equipment and communications, which is a universal transport module equipped with special systems and tools that ensure staff activities and equipment operability. It is also proposed the introduction of a specialized workshop based on a container body, which includes a machine with numerical control and a 3D printer in order to save on the manufacture and transportation of some simple details and spare parts.
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RUEDAS-RAMA, M. J., J. M. ALVAREZ-PEZ, and A. ORTE. "SOLVING SINGLE BIOMOLECULES BY ADVANCED FRET-BASED SINGLE-MOLECULE FLUORESCENCE TECHNIQUES." Biophysical Reviews and Letters 08, no. 03n04 (December 2013): 161–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793048013300041.
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The use of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) has undergone a renaissance in the last two decades, especially in the study of structure of biomolecules, biomolecular interactions, and dynamics. Thanks to powerful advances in single-molecule fluorescence (SMF) techniques, seeing molecules at work is a reality, which has helped to build up the mindset of molecular machines. In the last few years, many technical developments have broadened the applications of SMF-FRET, expanding the amount of information that can be recovered from individual molecules. Here, we focus on the non-standard SMF-FRET techniques, such as two-color coincidence detection (TCCD), alternating laser excitation (ALEX), multiparameter fluorescence detection (MFD); the addition of fluorescence lifetime as an orthogonal dimension in single-molecule experiments; or the development of novel and improved methods of analysis constituting to a set of advanced methodologies that may become routine tools in a close future. [Formula: see text]Special Issue Comment: This review about advanced single-molecule FRET techniques is specially related to the review by Jørgensen and Hatzakis,6 who detail experimetal strategies to solve the activity of single enzymes. The advanced techniques described in our paper may serve as interesting alternatives when applied to enzyme studies. Our manuscript is also related to the reviews in this Special Issue that deal with model solving.22,130
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Al-Mhiqani, Mohammed Nasser, Rabiah Ahmad, Z. Zainal Abidin, Warusia Yassin, Aslinda Hassan, Karrar Hameed Abdulkareem, Nabeel Salih Ali, and Zahri Yunos. "A Review of Insider Threat Detection: Classification, Machine Learning Techniques, Datasets, Open Challenges, and Recommendations." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (July 28, 2020): 5208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155208.
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Insider threat has become a widely accepted issue and one of the major challenges in cybersecurity. This phenomenon indicates that threats require special detection systems, methods, and tools, which entail the ability to facilitate accurate and fast detection of a malicious insider. Several studies on insider threat detection and related areas in dealing with this issue have been proposed. Various studies aimed to deepen the conceptual understanding of insider threats. However, there are many limitations, such as a lack of real cases, biases in making conclusions, which are a major concern and remain unclear, and the lack of a study that surveys insider threats from many different perspectives and focuses on the theoretical, technical, and statistical aspects of insider threats. The survey aims to present a taxonomy of contemporary insider types, access, level, motivation, insider profiling, effect security property, and methods used by attackers to conduct attacks and a review of notable recent works on insider threat detection, which covers the analyzed behaviors, machine-learning techniques, dataset, detection methodology, and evaluation metrics. Several real cases of insider threats have been analyzed to provide statistical information about insiders. In addition, this survey highlights the challenges faced by other researchers and provides recommendations to minimize obstacles.
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Krupych, S. O. "Clarification of the method substantiation of parameters energy remedy for the performance of technological operations in inter rows of industrial orchards of a walnut." https://journal.imesg.gov.ua, no. 11(110) (2020): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37204/0131-2189-2020-11-26.
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Annotation Purpose. Improving the methodology of substantiation of the selection of energy means for performing technological operations in walnut orchards, which is the basis for further determination of their rational parameters. Methods. The research uses the principles of systems analysis, as well as monographic and graph analytical methods. Results. Performing technological operations in walnut orchards requires special features from tractors: movement in the rows of the garden without damaging the tree crown; providing aggregation of symmetrical machines and with lateral displacement; availability of a universal hydraulic system for the drive of working bodies; to provide statistical and dynamic stability when hanging agricultural machines. To achieve this goal, it is advisable to consider the tractor on a two-parameter classification system, ie the transition from traction to traction-energy concept, take into account the traction force of the tractor on the hook and the effective power of the tractor engine. To substantiate the parameters of the energy means of performing technological operations in perennial walnut plantations, an algorithm is proposed that allows taking into account the technical and technological parameters of MTU. It is developed on the basis of information on the technologies of growing walnuts available on the world market and technical means for their implementation. It is developed on the basis of information about the technologies and technical means of walnut production available on the world market and allows carrying out their system-structural analysis. The identification of domestic and foreign energy remedy available on the market to ensure the technological process of walnuts production was carried out and correlation-regression analysis was performed, which allowed establishing the relationship between tractor cost and their parameters: engine power, operating weight. The proposed dependences make it possible to substantiate the rational (optimal) parameters of the technical support of the entire technological process with different subject-production characteristics. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of existing methods of substantiation of parameters of energy remedy for technological operations of agricultural production it is established that specialized methods that would take into account the peculiarities of walnut production absent. A new technique has been developed that will increase the efficiency of substantiation of energy parameters during the technological operations of walnut cultivation. The identification of available on the market energy remedy, machines and tools for technological operations of walnut production is carried out and their parametric and cost indicators are established. Based on these data, a regression analysis was performed, which made it possible to establish the relationships between price and their parametric indicators. Keywords: energy remedy, garden, walnuts, weight, traction force, method, rational parameters.
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Marczuk, Blicharz-Kania, Savinykh, Isupov, Palichyn, and Ivanov. "Studies of a Rotary–Centrifugal Grain Grinder Using a Multifactorial Experimental Design Method." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 27, 2019): 5362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195362.
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A scientific and technical literature review on machines designed to grind fodder grain revealed that the existing designs of grinding machines—those based on destruction by impact, cutting, or chipping—have various drawbacks. Some disadvantages include high metal and energy intensity, an uneven particle size distribution of the ground (crushed) product, a high percentage of dust fraction, the rapid wear of work tools (units), and heating of the product. To eliminate most of the identified shortcomings, the design of a rotary–centrifugal grain grinder is proposed in this paper. The optimization of the grinder’s working process was carried out using experimental design methodology. The following factors were studied: the grain material feed, rotor speed (rpm), opening of the separating surface, number of knives (blades) on the inner and outer rings, technical conditions of the knives (sharpened or unsharpened), and the presence of a special insert that is installed in the radial grooves of the distribution bowl. The optimization criteria were based on the amount of electricity consumed by and the performance of the rotary–centrifugal grain grinder. The quality of performance was quantified by the finished product, based on the percentage of particles larger than 3 mm in size. An analysis of the results of the multifactorial experiment allowed us to establish a relationship (interaction) between the factors and their influence on the optimization criteria, as well as to determine the most significant factors and to define further directions for the research of a centrifugal–rotary grain grinder. From our experimental results, we found that the grinder is underutilized in the selected range of factor variation. Furthermore, the number of knives installed at the second stage of the grinder, the gap (clearance) of the separating surface, and the technical condition of the knives are among the most important factors influencing the power consumption and the quality of the resulting product. A reduction in the number of knives at the first stage has a positive effect on all the selected optimization criteria; and by varying the factors in the selected range, it is possible to obtain a product corresponding to medium and coarse grinding.
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Kamchatna-Stepanova, Kateryna, and Oleksandr Klochko. "MODERN METHODS OF GEAR MILLING OF HARDENED LARGE-MODULE GEARS." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 43, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 312–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/4340.
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The latest developments of modern methods of high-speed gear milling of large-module cylindrical gears, both for preliminary grinding of teeth and for final blade processing of gears, are considered. For high-speed blade gear processing, promising designs of worm carbide cutters have been developed, manufactured and implemented. The technological regulations of blade gear processing for the operation of each of the design solutions of worm carbide cutters have been developed. The design of a special double-body worm cutter for double-sided cutting has been developed. It is shown that the carbide cutting elements of the milling cutters, which are placed only along the lines of the machine engagement of the tool and the workpiece, make it more economical compared to the known designs of similar tools. The application of the developed technological methods of pre-blade processing of the teeth of hardened wheels with carbide cutters reduces the labor intensity of low-performance gear grinding operations, depending on the wheel module, by 3-4 times by reducing the allowance from 1.5–2.5 mm on the tooth side to 0.3–0.5 mm, and also allows you to ensure the gear processing process is economical by reducing the consumption of carbide plates. The developed technological studies of ensuring the quality of gear processing of large-module cylindrical wheels allow us to solve the scientific and technical problem associated with the production of large-module gears with high-hardness teeth while improving the quality of their manufacture, reducing labor costs and reducing material consumption.
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Bennett, Rohan, Peter van Oosterom, Christiaan Lemmen, and Mila Koeva. "Remote Sensing for Land Administration." Remote Sensing 12, no. 15 (August 4, 2020): 2497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12152497.
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Land administration constitutes the socio-technical systems that govern land tenure, use, value and development within a jurisdiction. The land parcel is the fundamental unit of analysis. Each parcel has identifiable boundaries, associated rights, and linked parties. Spatial information is fundamental. It represents the boundaries between land parcels and is embedded in cadastral sketches, plans, maps and databases. The boundaries are expressed in these records using mathematical or graphical descriptions. They are also expressed physically with monuments or natural features. Ideally, the recorded and physical expressions should align, however, in practice, this may not occur. This means some boundaries may be physically invisible, lacking accurate documentation, or potentially both. Emerging remote sensing tools and techniques offers great potential. Historically, the measurements used to produce recorded boundary representations were generated from ground-based surveying techniques. The approach was, and remains, entirely appropriate in many circumstances, although it can be timely, costly, and may only capture very limited contextual boundary information. Meanwhile, advances in remote sensing and photogrammetry offer improved measurement speeds, reduced costs, higher image resolutions, and enhanced sampling granularity. Applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), laser scanning, both airborne and terrestrial (LiDAR), radar interferometry, machine learning, and artificial intelligence techniques, all provide examples. Coupled with emergent societal challenges relating to poverty reduction, rapid urbanisation, vertical development, and complex infrastructure management, the contemporary motivation to use these new techniques is high. Fundamentally, they enable more rapid, cost-effective, and tailored approaches to 2D and 3D land data creation, analysis, and maintenance. This Special Issue hosts papers focusing on this intersection of emergent remote sensing tools and techniques, applied to domain of land administration.
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Potapiuk, Liliia Mykolaivna, and Oksana Vitaliivna Dymarchuk. "Assistant technologies during the organization of the educational process of persons with visual disabilities." Engineering and Educational Technologies 9, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30929/2307-9770.2021.09.01.01.
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The current problem of accessibility of information and communication technologies remains a priority when discussing the rights of people with special needs. Modern communication and information processing devices assume that the user has the ability to see, hear, speak and feel. As a result, people with physical, sensory, and cognitive impairments are unable to access and use computers due to limited human-machine interfaces that do not allow for change. Therefore, the main focus in world practice in the development of technology for people with special needs is focused on those aspects that provide constructive solutions that allow for alternative data representation and the ability to work with input and output devices. To solve this problem, assistive technologies are being developed. Based on the above, the aim of the article was to analyze the features of the use of assistive technologies in the organization of the educational process for the visually impaired. To achieve it, we used the method of analysis of scientific works of scientists and national standards of Ukraine. The article discusses assistive information technologies, which are special software or hardware designed to increase the availability of communication information for people with visual impairments. Analyzing the scientific work of scientists, we concluded that today in Ukraine there is no single conceptual and terminological apparatus to identify tools to empower people with special educational needs. To do this, scientists use a number of terms: "assistive technologies", "auxiliary or compensatory technologies". It is investigated that the necessary condition for successful training of visually impaired people is the creation of material and technical resources and the use of assistive technologies. It is established that in the organization of educational activities of persons with visual impairments is taken into account, above all, the safety and sustainability of the subject-spatial environment. The authors propose a classification and analyze the main assistive technologies used in the organization of training for people with visual impairments. The main approaches to improve the effectiveness of technology in the organization of the educational process of people with visual impairments are proposed.
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Lippi, Giuseppe, Mario Plebani, and Emmanuel Favaloro. "Technological Advances in the Hemostasis Laboratory." Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis 40, no. 02 (January 17, 2014): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1364206.
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Automation is conventionally defined as the use of machines, control systems, and information technologies to optimize productivity. Although automation is now commonplace in several areas of diagnostic testing, especially in clinical chemistry and immunochemistry, the concept of extending this process to hemostasis testing has only recently been advanced. The leading drawbacks are still represented by the almost unique biological matrix because citrated plasma can only be used for clotting assays and few other notable exceptions, and by the highly specific pretreatment of samples, which is particularly distinct to other test systems. Despite these important limitations, a certain degree of automation is also now embracing hemostasis testing. The more relevant developments include the growing integration of routine hemostasis analyzers with track line systems and workcells, the development of specific instrumentation tools to enhance reliability of testing (i.e., signal detection with different technologies to increase test panels, plasma indices for preanalytical check of interfering substances, failure patterns sensors for identifying insufficient volume, clots or bubbles, cap-piercing for enhancing operator safety, automatic reflex testing, automatic redilution of samples, and laser barcode readers), preanalytical features (e.g., positive identification, automatic systems for tube(s) labeling, transillumination devices), and postphlebotomy tools (pneumatic tube systems for reducing turnaround time, sample transport boxes for ensuring stability of specimens, monitoring systems for identifying unsuitable conditions of transport). Regardless of these important innovations, coagulation/hemostasis testing still requires specific technical and clinical expertise, not only in terms of measurement procedures but also for interpreting and then appropriately utilizing the derived information. Thus, additional and special caution has to be used when designing projects of automation that include coagulation/hemostasis testing because peculiar and particular requirements must be taken into account.
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Wang, Yu Qing, and Shi Gang Wang. "NC Wedge-Caulking Special Machine Tool Design." Materials Science Forum 800-801 (July 2014): 553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.800-801.553.
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With mechanical processing requirements' development direction translates to highprecision, high efficiency, high quality, intelligence and specialty etc. Wedge-caulking's processinghas a lot of problems in our country energy industry market , the problems mainly show lowefficiency, poor accuracy, product quality and technical indicators are difficult to guarantee. Thispaper developed a high precision, high efficiency, intelligence, high quality and specialty machinetool, the enterprise practice results show that the NC wedge-caulking special machine tool provide thetechnical support and equipment protection for our country motor manufacturing. It has the very goodpractical value.
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MISAKA, Hirotsugu. "(Special issue)Functions of hand in machinery and tools." Japanese journal of ergonomics 26, no. 3 (1990): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.26.125.
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Vandiver, Pamela, and Jim Druzik. "Art and Technology." MRS Bulletin 17, no. 1 (January 1992): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400043189.
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Art has as many meanings as contexts in which it operates. It can mean surface decoration or the integral sum of parts and whole which a historian analyzes as structure using visual, musical, theatrical or other criteria. Art serves as decoration, but also serves to signal or sign a particular meaning. Art often confers an elite social status on its patrons or provides goods which support the power and prestige of a special group or person. Art is also used to describe the experience of viewers, usually as “aesthetic experience”; for instance, we experience art as beauty, as a shared emotional experience or empathetic understanding, or as interactive play or a process of performance by which we investigate or relate ideas, occurrences, or objects and give them meaning.Technology, in contrast, is usually defined as “praxis” and involves doing things, as a craft practice involving materials selection and refinement, followed by making those materials into useful things, artifacts, or objects which serve useful functions for individuals, a social group, class, or culture. The products of technology can be useful as tools that enable a task to be accomplished, or as products which satisfy subsistence needs, or devices, or even practical ideas. When put to use, they enable travel, communication, transportation of goods, or control of energy. But technology has another meaning which is often thought to be less useful, namely technical marvels—things which amaze or surprise us. Some examples are the mechanical automatons of the 17th and 18th centuries, the latest computer game, a special way of hearing or seeing, or even the gas and light spewing magic machines described as being used in Greek temples to get peoples' attention. Another example is the technology described by the 11th century monk Theophilus, used to equip a church, from bells and censors, to glass windows and painted walls. In these examples, doing technology or learning to use technological marvels is a way of almost magically extending our own power and understanding beyond ourselves.
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Sovin, Konstantin G., and Daria V. Andreeva. "Can-Way terminal for monitoring vehicles and special machinery." Tekhnicheskiy servis mashin, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2618-8287-2020-58-1-36-42.
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Special terminals for CAN bus are required for the monitoring of vehicles, as well as for reading and controlling automotive machinery by receiving or transmitting information using the GLONASS/GPS positioning system. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to explain the operation principle and technical capabilities of the universal programmable on-board adapter CAN-WAY, developed jointly with «AlfaTech» LLC. (Materials and methods) The authors have generalized the materials published in periodicals and the results of studies obtained at the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM. (Results and discussion) The authors have developed a universal programmable on-board controller CAN-WAY. The article describes the main and additional parameters of automotive technology are described depending on the model of the device used, as well as its technical capabilities. The article explains the principle and operating conditions of the CAN-WAY terminal. The article presents a method for obtaining the necessary information on the condition of automotive vehicles with a universal programmable controller installed using as an example the John Deere’s 7830 tractor in the Ryazan region using the Wialon Hosting system on the GURTAM website. (Conclusions) The use of the CAN-WAY terminal allows to remotely receive information about the technical condition and operational parameters of automotive vehicles, which contributes to timely repair work, as well as its maintenance.
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Tang, Xin Rui, Keiichi Nakamoto, Kazushi Obata, and Yoshimi Takeuchi. "The Effect of Cutting Point Swivel Machining by Using Round Tool with Special Chamfer." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.119.
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Recently, in accordance with the technical development and miniaturization of the information equipments, the demand of optic elements with high precision and miniaturization is increased. The mold is used in the manufacture of the optic elements. Thus, it is needed to machine the mold with high efficiency and high precision. As the material of mold, hard material including cemented carbide and ceramics is used. However, it is a problem of the occurrence of severe tool wear when hard material is machined. To solve this problem, the cutting point swivel machining by using the diamond tool with special chamfer was proposed, which has the ability to suppress tool wear and to realize ultraprecise machining. It is confirmed that the cutting point swivel machining has the ability to suppress tool wear by the microgrooving experiment of SiC. This study aims at investigating the effect of the cutting point swivel machining, and making clear the relationship between tool rotation speed and tool wear. As a result, it is known that the actual cutting direction can be changed by using the cutting point swivel machining, and that the chipping of tool becomes conspicuous with increasing tool rotation speed.
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Pischan, Matthias. "Deburring of Cross Holes in Titanium Using Industrial Robots." Advanced Materials Research 769 (September 2013): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.769.147.
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In aircrafts, hydraulic systems control moveable parts. For example parts like the front strut or the landing flaps. These parts are usually made from aluminium or titanium. Due to an increasing number of functions these valves show an increasing number of cross holes. The production process causes burrs at the intersection of the holes. Until now these burrs cant be removed reliably by an automated process. Remaining burrs can influence dimensional tolerances and reduce the efficiency and technical lifetime of the component. In some applications cross holes are used for the lubricant and coolant supply. In this case burrs can lead to blockades of critical passages or cause turbulences in the fluid. This can lead to leakage or bursting of the valve. Hence an uncontrolled removal of the burr during operation must be avoided. The consequence of these basic conditions is a time consuming manual deburring process. An automated deburring process of cross holes with industrial robots is usually performed with flexible abrasive brushes. Alternatively processes like AFM (Abrasive Flow Machining), ECM (Electro Chemical Machining) or TEM (Thermal Energy Machining) are used. Those processes are very efficient but require specialized equipment and cleaning processes for the used chemicals and the remaining abrasive paste. So they are not suitable for the deburring of safety related parts. This paper presents an experimental based approach for the robot based deburring of cross holes using industrial robots. For the deburring of cross holes several special tools are available. This article gives a short overview over the specific advantages and disadvantages of these tools. As the investigations revealed the best results can be achieved using the so called Orbitool developed by JWDone. The Orbitool is a tungsten carbide cutter developed for the deburring of cross holes. A better control of the required dimension at the intersection compared to brushes and other deburring methods is possible. Furthermore the tool can be used on machine tools and industrial robots and is flexible to a huge variety of bore diameters. The tool mainly consists of a ball shaped carbide milling cutter with a protective disk which is made of polished steel and a shaft of tool steel. To remove the burr the tool is moved along the bore axis into the smallest of the intersecting holes until the tip of the tool is close to the intersection. Then the tool is moved in radial direction to the bore surface until the tool axis corresponds to the interpolation diameter. This causes a deflection of the tool. In this situation only the protective disk is in contact with the bore surface. While the tool rotates it is moved towards the intersection in a helical motion. When the tool tip has reached the intersection the cutting edges get in contact with intersection and the deburring process begins. After the tool has passed the whole intersection it stops its rotation and is moved to the bore hole centre and then moved out of the workpiece. This paper deals with the optimization of the deburring process. The result mainly depends on the parameters movement speed of the robot, slope of the helical movement and rotational speed of the tool. The experiments are planned using DOE (Design Of Experiment) methods. Initial values for the optimization of the movement speed were determined by grid encoder measurements. Robotic specific parameters like the number of interpolating points and the influence of the path smoothing caused by the controller were also investigated. For the analysis of the burr and the secondary burr an optical 3-D measurement system is used. The results show that with the presented approach the burrs can be reliably removed. Before the deburring process the average burr height is about 60 μm and can be reduced so that there is no secondary burr visible. The result is a chamfer between 150 μm and 85 μm that depends on the process parameters. It can be demonstrated that a chamfer that is smaller than 100 μm leads to a secondary burr. Anyway the cycle time can be reduced from about 3 minutes for manual deburring to 30 seconds using an industrial robot. Additional wear analysis show that about 200 bore holes can safely be deburred.
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Kováč, Juraj, Tomáš Stejskal, and Štefan Valenčík. "Virtual Reality in the Maintenance of Machinery and Equipment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 282 (January 2013): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.282.269.
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The paper deals with the possibilities of virtual reality applications in maintenance and servicing of machinery and technical equipment. It presents the results of experimental testing of new methods and techniques in the laboratory, in the process of implementation of maintenance operations in a virtual environment. It characterizes the hardware and software tools used in laboratory experiments.
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Tang, Xin Rui, Miki Yoshinaga, Keiichi Nakamoto, Tohru Ishida, and Yoshimi Takeuchi. "Ultraprecision Microgrooving of Hard Material by Means of Cutting Point Swivel Machining." Key Engineering Materials 447-448 (September 2010): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.447-448.36.
Full textAbstract:
Recently, in accordance with the technical development and miniaturization of the information equipments, the demand of optic elements with high precision and miniaturization is increased. The die is used for manufacturing the optic elements. Thus, it is needed to machine the die with high efficiency and high precision. As the material of die, hard material including cemented carbide and ceramics is used. However, when hard material is machined, there is a problem that severe tool wear occurs, and worn tool shape is transferred into the surface so that precision machining cannot be realized. In this study, a method, called cutting point swivel machining, is proposed to suppress tool wear by using the tool with special chamfer and all parts of tool tip. The effect of tool wear suppression is verified by the machining of SiC. Then, the relation between the suppression of tool wear and tool rotation period is verified.
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Xu, Yuan Li, Hui Lin Liu, Wen Kai Wu, and Ming Zhi Zhu. "Fabrication and Construction of Large Scale Aluminum Target Chamber for SGIII." Advanced Materials Research 472-475 (February 2012): 1957–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.1957.
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This paper presents the fabrication and construction of the aluminum target chambers for SGIII laser facilities. The technical difficulty of the vacuum seal weld for the large scale aluminum target chamber has been overcome by using the special designed processing fixtures, the support and clamp fixtures, and double face multi-pass GMAS process in protective temporary enclosures. The mean pointing error of the 144 ports of the TIL chamber is 0.09mm on NC machine tool through the special designed index rotate mechanism. The field precision fabrication and construction of SGIII chamber has been achieved by the special drilling machine for accurately boring holes, the special fixture for accurately positioning the ports in the holes for welding, the laser tracker, the adjustment mechanism, and the custom machined spacers. The alignment error is 0.3mm to 0.4mm. The helium spray probe leak testing and the nondestructive inspection were employed to ensure the vacuum performance. The whole vacuum leak checking has been done. The integrity leak rate of the target chambers were less than 1×10-10Pa.m3/s. The shooting experiments showed that both chambers have satisfied the vacuum and precision requirements of experiments.
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Жетесова, Г. С., Т. Ю. Никонова, В. В. Юрченко, А. К. Матешов, and Н. А. Савельева. "Creation of automated workplaces based on a formalized methodology for designing technological processes of machine-building enterprises." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII), no. 4(50) (November 21, 2020): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2020.50.4.030.
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В статье рассматривается проблема создания автоматизированных систем, удовлетворяющих требованиям современного производства (универсальность, многофункциональность и комплексность), прежде всего, должны быть созданы специальные методология и теория, раскрывающие процессы проектирования, представляемые в математическом, формализованном и программном виде. Авторами предлагается формализация процесса проектирования и технологии, на основе которой создана система автоматизации проектирования, что позволит проектировать технологические процессы (ТП) для разнообразных изделий, в том числе ранее не производившихся. Разработка математических моделей ТП механической обработки деталей обеспечит объективное принятие технологических решений и будет отражать динамику качественного и количественного преобразования заготовок в процессе производства. Практической значимостью работы является создание и апробация ПО «Система автоматизированных рабочих мест машиностроительных предприятий», в которой разработаны АРМ технологических служб и подразделений, а именно АРМ отдела технолога. Для реализации цели, разработанный АРМ обеспечивает выполнение двух основных направлений деятельности. Во-первых, обеспечивает возможность разработки и внедрения ТП, средств автоматизации и механизации, оптимизации режимов работы универсального оборудования, и оборудования с числовым программным управлением. Во-вторых, реализует своевременную разработку технических заданий для обеспечения структурных подразделений (цехов, участков) специальной оснасткой, инструментом и приспособлениями, предусмотренными технологией, нестандартным оборудованием средствами автоматизации и механизации. В результате проведенных исследований, получены: 1. Методика проектирования основных этапов ТП изготовления деталей, основанная на объективных критериях выбора технологических параметров, что обеспечит исключение ошибок на начальном этапе. Разработан общий алгоритм решения технологической задачи. 2. Методика назначения переходов и составления планов обработки, в основу которой положен принцип выполнимости определенным методом текущего перехода, а именно, выполнение характеристик. 3. Методика оснащения ТП позволяет учитывать геометрические и точностные параметры, дополнительные требования к поверхности на конкретных стадиях с учетом текущей производственной ситуации. The problem of development special software for the automation for design of technological processes that meets the requirements of modern production – universality, multifunctionality and complexity are considered. The authors propose – CAD is developed, which will make it possible to design technological processes for a wide variety of products, including new ones that have not previously entered production. The practical significance of the work is the creation and testing of the software «System of automated workstations of machine-building enterprises», in AWP of the technologist's department, were developed. The first direction provides the possibility of developing and implementing processes. The second the timely development of technical specifications for the provision of structural units (workshops and sections) with special equipment, tools and devices provided for by technology. As a result of the research, the methods of designing technological processes for machining parts were obtained: 1. Methodology for designing the main stages based on objective criteria for the selection of technological parameters, which ensures the elimination of errors at the initial stage of the technological process formation 2. The method of assigning transitions and drawing up processing plans, based on the principle of the feasibility of the current transition by a certain method, namely, the fulfillment of the characteristics that need to be obtained at the current transition. 3. The technique of equipping the technological process allows taking into account the geometric and precision parameters, additional requirements for the surface at specific stages based on the current production situation.
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Hashimoto, Yasushi. "Special Issue on Agro-Robotics." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 11, no. 3 (June 20, 1999): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1999.p0171.
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The first intelligent agro-robot for tomato harvesting appeared at Tampa, Florida, in 1983. The presentation by Prof. N. Kawamura at the Department of Agricultural Engineering, Kyoto University, strongly impressed participants in the international symposium for agricultural machinery. Since then, several companies have become interested in developing intelligent agro-robots. As the one of the first, Toshiba demonstrated an intelligent robot for mass propagation in the biotechnological process at Exposition for Flowers in Osaka in 1990. In 1990, the IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robotics and Systems (IROS' 90) was held at the Mechanical Engineering Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd., in Tsuchiura, Japan, through cosponsorship of the Robotics Society of Japan and SICE, where two agricultural robotics sessions were first organized by Prof. P. Dario, one of the editors of this journal. In 1991, the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC) first conducted international workshop on Mathematical and Control Applications in Agriculture and Horticulture at Matsuyama, Japan, featuring a session for agro-robotics presenting several academic cases developed in companies including Toshiba, mentioned above. Several types of intelligent robot were introduced to agricultural applications as agro-robots. Agricultural machinery has a long history, with tractors and combines the main mechanized targets and far from intelligent robot. Highly advanced industrial technology including robots for factory automation widens field applications to new areas in agriculture and agricultural production must consider new labor based on the declining number of farmers in agriculture. New needs of agriculture are being covered by highly advanced engineering-technology developed in manufacturing plants, and it is to be noted that fruitful cooperation has begun in the new field liking industrial and agriculture technology, well demonstrated by the papers in this special issue. The first and second papers, by Tokunaga et al. and by Ogasawara et al., are from the high technology engineering project, Faculty of Engineering, at Kumamoto University, supported from 1994 to 1996 by the Science and Technology Agency, Japan. A watermelon harvesting robot developed as a new target has never been applied in industry. This research is not very important for developing new engineering in robotics and extremely useful in agricultural application. The third and fourth papers, by Noguchi et al. and Yamashita et al., are from engineering in agricultural machinery in interesting research on transportation robots. Prof. Noguchi and his group at the Department of Agricultural Engineering, Hokkaido University, presents a dramatic example of mobile agro-robotics in the field, while Prof. Yamashita, of the Department of Biomechanical Systems, Ehime University, and Prof. Sato developed a vehicle for greenhouse automation anticipating the new agriculture of the 21st century. The fifth paper, by Arima et al., is from agricultural machinery engineering in typical agricultural machinery firms in Japan. The cucumber harvesting robot was developed by ISEKI & Co., Ltd. The sixth paper, by Kobayashi et al., is from the Institute of Agricultural Machinery, BRAIN, and describes a grafting robot. The seventh paper, by Kondo et al., is agricultural machinery engineering involving to the intriguing technology of cutting robots. A chrysanthemum cutting robot is developed for biotechnological applications. Kondo is regarded as an up-and-coming young leader in IFAC activities. The eighth paper, by Dr. Hayashi, is involves agricultural machinery engineering in typical agricultural machinery firms in Japan. It introduces an automatic milking system developed by Kubota Co., Ltd. in cooperation with the Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, The Netherlands (IMAG-DLO). The ninth paper, by Dr. Yamada, involves agricultural machinery engineering in typical agricultural machinery firms in Japan, and introduces a transplanting robot developed by Yanmar Agricultural Equipment Co. Ltd. The final paper in this fascinating series is by Prof. H. Murase, who chairs the Technical Committee on Intelligent Control in Agricultural Automation, IFAC, has encouraged engineering for system control in agricultural applications since 1988, when the first working group for agricultural engineering was set up and chaired by myself. Agro-robotics has been discussed through several international workshop and symposium sponsored by IFAC since then. Note that IFAC is one of the most active international societies in control engineering taking on all problems in any phase involving robotics, as is done by IEEE. Prof. Murase is one of the most active chairmen in the 46 Technical Committees (TCs) and presents the global scope of agro-robotics in IFAC in conclusion, which is expected to be very useful. I thank Prof. A. Shimizu of Ehime University for his important advice and the authors contributing to this issue, especially Profs. T. Inoue and S. Kawaji of the Faculty of Engineering, Kumamoto University, for their kind cooperation in different engineering fields. Last, I thank Editor in Chief, Prof. T. Fukuda, the Deputy Chief Editors, Prof. M. Kaneko, and the Editors for providing this chance to demonstrate advances in agro-robotics in this special issue, which will encourage the development of robotics in ever widening applications.
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Konoplin, Alexander, Natalia Baurova, and Sergei Abrakov. "Application of glue machinery repairs in Arctic conditions." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822402004.
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In this article the possibility of repairing machines in subzerosubzero temperatures is evaluated. Standards for determination of polymer materials frost resistance and technical requirements for glues used for repairing in Arctic conditions are reviewed. The possibilities of performing separate technological transitions and operations during repair in conditions of exposure to temperatures are considered. The necessity of technology adjustment and special attention to the inter-operational quality control during repair work in the Arctic is shown.