Relevant bibliographies by topics / Specialist species

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Academic literature on the topic 'Specialist species'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Specialist species"

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Yamada, Toshihiro, Eizi Suzuki, Takuo Yamakura, and Sylvester Tan. "Tap-root depth of tropical seedlings in relation to species-specific edaphic preferences." Journal of Tropical Ecology 21, no. 2 (February 16, 2005): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467404002238.

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We compared seedlings of sandy-soil specialist species (Dryobalanops aromatica and Scaphium borneense) and clay-rich-soil specialist congeners (D. lanceolata and S. longipetiolatum) in a tropical rain forest in Lambir Hills National Park, Malaysia, to determine whether variations in belowground seedling architecture and allometry were related to edaphic specialization. A convergent trait that was phylogenetically independent across the two genera was the presence of a deeper tap-root at any height and any root biomass in sandy-soil specialists than in clay-rich-soil specialists. This trait was fixed independently of the edaphic conditions in which the trees actually grew. Finer-textured soils generally have better water-holding capacity; we concluded that seasonal water limitation would be more severe in sandy soils than in clay-rich soils, and that water limitation would provoke convergence in seedling root depth among species with the same edaphic preferences. All significant differences found in interspecific comparison within Dryobalanops were consistent with the water-availability hypothesis; the sandy-soil specialist had larger root biomass at any total biomass and had smaller leaf biomass at any root biomass than the clay-rich-soil specialist. However, for Scaphium this was not the case, suggesting that factors other than water-limitation may also underlie seedling allometric relationships.
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Litsios, Glenn, Anna Kostikova, and Nicolas Salamin. "Host specialist clownfishes are environmental niche generalists." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1795 (November 22, 2014): 20133220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.3220.

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Why generalist and specialist species coexist in nature is a question that has interested evolutionary biologists for a long time. While the coexistence of specialists and generalists exploiting resources on a single ecological dimension has been theoretically and empirically explored, biological systems with multiple resource dimensions (e.g. trophic, ecological) are less well understood. Yet, such systems may provide an alternative to the classical theory of stable evolutionary coexistence of generalist and specialist species on a single resource dimension. We explore such systems and the potential trade-offs between different resource dimensions in clownfishes. All species of this iconic clade are obligate mutualists with sea anemones yet show interspecific variation in anemone host specificity. Moreover, clownfishes developed variable environmental specialization across their distribution. In this study, we test for the existence of a relationship between host-specificity (number of anemones associated with a clownfish species) and environmental-specificity (expressed as the size of the ecological niche breadth across climatic gradients). We find a negative correlation between host range and environmental specificities in temperature, salinity and pH, probably indicating a trade-off between both types of specialization forcing species to specialize only in a single direction. Trade-offs in a multi-dimensional resource space could be a novel way of explaining the coexistence of generalist and specialists.
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Mills, Catherine G., Rosalind J. Allen, and Richard A. Blythe. "Resource spectrum engineering by specialist species can shift the specialist-generalist balance." Theoretical Ecology 13, no. 2 (July 24, 2019): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12080-019-00436-8.

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Bowden, Chris, and André Botha. "IUCN Species Survival Commission: Vulture Specialist Group." Vulture News 72, no. 1 (March 29, 2018): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/vulnew.v72i1.a.

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Loos, Jacqueline, Jochen Krauss, Ashley Lyons, Stephanie Föst, Constanze Ohlendorf, Severin Racky, Marina Röder, Lennart Hudel, Volker Herfert, and Teja Tscharntke. "Local and landscape responses of biodiversity in calcareous grasslands." Biodiversity and Conservation 30, no. 8-9 (May 26, 2021): 2415–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-021-02201-y.

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AbstractAcross Europe, calcareous grasslands become increasingly fragmented and their quality deteriorates through abandonment and land use intensification, both affecting biodiversity. Here, we investigated local and landscape effects on diversity patterns of several taxonomic groups in a landscape of highly fragmented calcareous grassland remnants. We surveyed 31 grassland fragments near Göttingen, Germany, in spring and summer 2017 for vascular plants, butterflies and birds, with sampling effort adapted to fragment area. Through regression modelling, we tested relationships between species richness and fragment size (from 314 to 51,395 m2), successional stage, habitat connectivity and the per cent cover of arable land in the landscape at several radii. We detected 283 plant species, 53 butterfly species and 70 bird species. Of these, 59 plant species, 19 butterfly species and 9 bird species were grassland specialists. Larger fragments supported twice the species richness of plants than small ones, and hosted more species of butterflies, but not of birds. Larger grassland fragments contained more grassland specialist plants, but not butterfly or bird specialists. Increasing amounts of arable land in the landscape from 20 to 90% was related to the loss of a third of species of plants, and less so, of butterflies, but not of birds. Per cent cover of arable land negatively correlated to richness of grassland specialist plants and butterflies, but positively to grassland specialist birds. We found no effect by successional stages and habitat connectivity. Our multi-taxa approach highlights the need for conservation management at the local scale, complemented by measures at the landscape scale.
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Li, Shuning, Richard Jovelin, Toyoshi Yoshiga, Ryusei Tanaka, and Asher D. Cutter. "Specialist versus generalist life histories and nucleotide diversity in Caenorhabditis nematodes." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1777 (February 22, 2014): 20132858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2858.

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Species with broad ecological amplitudes with respect to a key focal resource, niche generalists, should maintain larger and more connected populations than niche specialists, leading to the prediction that nucleotide diversity will be lower and more subdivided in specialists relative to their generalist relatives. This logic describes the specialist-generalist variation hypothesis (SGVH). Some outbreeding species of Caenorhabditis nematodes use a variety of invertebrate dispersal vectors and have high molecular diversity. By contrast, Caenorhabditis japonica lives in a strict association and synchronized life cycle with its dispersal host, the shield bug Parastrachia japonensis , itself a diet specialist. Here, we characterize sequence variation for 20 nuclear loci to investigate how C. japonica 's life history shapes nucleotide diversity. We find that C. japonica has more than threefold lower polymorphism than other outbreeding Caenorhabditis species, but that local populations are not genetically disconnected. Coupled with its restricted range, we propose that its specialist host association contributes to a smaller effective population size and lower genetic variation than host generalist Caenorhabditis species with outbreeding reproductive modes. A literature survey of diverse organisms provides broader support for the SGVH. These findings encourage further testing of ecological and evolutionary hypotheses with comparative population genetics in Caenorhabditis and other taxa.
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Gaete-Eastman, C., C. C. Figueroa, R. Olivares-Donoso, H. M. Niemeyer, and C. C. Ramírez. "Diet breadth and its relationship with genetic diversity and differentiation: the case of southern beech aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 94, no. 3 (June 2004): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2004298.

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AbstractHerbivorous insect species with narrow diet breadth are expected to be more prone to genetic differentiation than insect species with a wider diet breadth. However, a generalist can behave as a local specialist if a single host-plant species is locally available, while a specialist can eventually behave as a generalist if its preferred host is not available. These problems can be addressed by comparing closely related species differing in diet breadth with overlapping distributions of insect and host populations. In this work, diet breadth, genetic diversity and population differentiation of congeneric aphid species from southern beech forests in Chile were compared. While at the species level no major differences in genetic diversity were found, a general trend towards higher genetic diversity as diet breadth increased was apparent. The aphid species with wider diet breadth, Neuquenaphis edwardsi (Laing), showed the highest genetic diversity, while the specialist Neuquenaphis staryi Quednau & Remaudière showed the lowest. These differences were less distinct when the comparisons were made in the same locality and over the same host. Comparison of allopatric populations indicates that genetic differentiation was higher for the specialists, Neuquenaphis similis Hille Ris Lambers and N. staryi, than for the generalist N. edwardsi. Over the same host at different locations, genetic differentiation among populations of N. edwardsi was higher than among populations of N. similis. The results support the assumption that specialists should show more pronounced genetic structuring than generalists, although the geographical distribution of host plants may be playing an important role.
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Melville, Jane. "Evolutionary correlations between microhabitat specialisation and locomotor capabilities in the lizard genus Niveoscincus." Australian Journal of Zoology 55, no. 6 (2007): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo08035.

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The evolutionary consequences of generalised versus specialised habit is a central issue in organismal biology. Theory predicts that specialist species may have greater capabilities than generalist species in particular habitats but will not be able to maintain this excellence across a broad range of habitats. The evolutionary consequences of ecological specialisation, in terms of functional capabilities, were investigated in the lizard genus Niveoscincus from Tasmania. Breadth of microhabitat occupation and ecologically relevant locomotor capabilities were quantified across the genus. Laboratory performance trials demonstrated that some species excelled in just a few of the five performance traits measured, while other species performed well at all traits but did not excel at any. Results of comparative analyses demonstrate that there is a significant evolutionary correlation between microhabitat breadth and range of locomotor capabilities. These results provide convincing evidence that habitat specialists have a correspondingly limited range of locomotor capabilities.
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Garcés-Restrepo, Mario F., M. Zachariah Peery, and Jonathan N. Pauli. "The demography of a resource specialist in the tropics: Cecropia trees and the fitness of three-toed sloths." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1894 (January 16, 2019): 20182206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2206.

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Resource specialists persist in a narrow range of resources. Consequently, the abundance of key resources should drive vital rates, individual fitness, and population viability. While Neotropical forests feature both high levels of biodiversity and numbers of specialist species, no studies have directly evaluated how the variation of key resources affects the fitness of a tropical specialist. Here, we quantified the effect of key tree species density and forest cover on the fitness of three-toed sloths ( Bradypus variegatus ), an arboreal folivore strongly associated with Cecropia trees in Costa Rica, using a multi-year demographic, genetic, and space-use dataset. We found that the density of Cecropia trees was strongly and positively related to both adult survival and reproductive output. A matrix model parametrized with Cecropia –demography relationships suggested positive growth of sloth populations, even at low densities of Cecropia (0.7 trees ha −1 ). Our study shows the first direct link between the density of a key resource to demographic consequences of a tropical specialist, underscoring the sensitivity of tropical specialists to the loss of a single key resource, but also point to targeted conservation measures to increase that resource. Finally, our study reveals that previously disturbed and regenerating environments can support viable populations of tropical specialists.
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Wang, Sibao, Andreas Leclerque, Monica Pava-Ripoll, Weiguo Fang, and Raymond J. St. Leger. "Comparative Genomics Using Microarrays Reveals Divergence and Loss of Virulence-Associated Genes in Host-Specific Strains of the Insect Pathogen Metarhizium anisopliae." Eukaryotic Cell 8, no. 6 (April 24, 2009): 888–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00058-09.

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ABSTRACT Many strains of Metarhizium anisopliae have broad host ranges, but others are specialists and adapted to particular hosts. Patterns of gene duplication, divergence, and deletion in three generalist and three specialist strains were investigated by heterologous hybridization of genomic DNA to genes from the generalist strain Ma2575. As expected, major life processes are highly conserved, presumably due to purifying selection. However, up to 7% of Ma2575 genes were highly divergent or absent in specialist strains. Many of these sequences are conserved in other fungal species, suggesting that there has been rapid evolution and loss in specialist Metarhizium genomes. Some poorly hybridizing genes in specialists were functionally coordinated, indicative of reductive evolution. These included several involved in toxin biosynthesis and sugar metabolism in root exudates, suggesting that specialists are losing genes required to live in alternative hosts or as saprophytes. Several components of mobile genetic elements were also highly divergent or lost in specialists. Exceptionally, the genome of the specialist cricket pathogen Ma443 contained extra insertion elements that might play a role in generating evolutionary novelty. This study throws light on the abundance of orphans in genomes, as 15% of orphan sequences were found to be rapidly evolving in the Ma2575 lineage.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Specialist species"

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Mills, Catherine. "Competition between specialist and generalist species in computational and experimental model ecosystems." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25502.

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An ecological community is complex and the mechanisms behind the assembly of such a community are still poorly understood. Here, we concentrate on the question of what mechanisms affect the proportion of specialists and the proportion of generalists in a community. First, we use an individual-based model to explore the effects of the available resource spectrum on the specialist-generalist balance in well-mixed and spatially structured environments. In the well-mixed model, we uncover a new mechanism which we term `resource spectrum engineering', in which opportunistic specialists occupying small niches in a mostly generalist community can change the resource spectrum that is experienced by other species strongly disfavouring generalists and causing a community-wide shift towards specialist strategies. Extending to a spatially structured model in which the dispersal distance of species may be limited, we find that specialism is linked to intermediate dispersal lengths, whereas generalism is linked to short and long dispersal lengths. We then investigate two real microbial systems, using 16rRNS sequence data. In the first experiment, we identify functional groups of specialists and generalists by perturbing the microbial environment with variable nutrient concentrations and establishing which groups survive across different concentrations and which do not. In the second experiment we use many replicates of samples from the same source to find co-occur find that generalist species may be more likely to be dependant on the presence of each other than on specific environmental conditions.
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Baxter, Alistair. "Understanding the factors associated with declines of an alpine specialist bird species in Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231634.

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As we have become increasingly aware of the rapidity of climate change in high elevation and high latitude environments, conservation concern has grown for arctic-alpine species. This thesis capitalises on the rare availability of detailed data from intensive site monitoring and Scotland-wide surveys conducted over five decades and supplements this with new data to investigate the potential factors driving declines of Dotterel (Charadrius morinellus), an enigmatic arctic-alpine specialist bird species in decline. In accordance with expectations of predictions of climate warming, Dotterel shifted uphill in their distribution and contracted their breeding range within Scotland to their historic core. Dotterel were less likely to be retained at survey sites at low elevations, with a narrow elevational range, where nitrogen deposition was high, where vegetation was tall and dominated by graminoids, and where Ravens were present. Data also suggested that snow lie patterns affected Dotterel distribution between sites, with abundance being substantially greater at generally snow rich sites when these were relatively snow-free (possibly due to the physical restrictions to breeding that snow lie imposes). Despite an increased presence of Ravens in the alpine zone, dramatic declines in the abundance of Tipula montana (a previously important prey resource) at many lower elevation sites and shifts to breeding earlier, we detected little substantial change in breeding success between 1987 and 2011. Despite identifying numerous mechanisms through which environmental change may have acted on Dotterel we found little quantitative evidence for climatic changes to have driven Dotterel abundance declines, suggesting factors elsewhere in the species distribution are worthy of investigation as driving changes within Scotland. This thesis contributes valuable knowledge that can be used to help increase the resilience of arctic-alpine species to environmental change and highlights the pressing need for an integrated, international approach to monitoring and research to contextualise regional changes in abundance.
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Gerry, Shannon Page. "Feeding mechanics of a trophic generalist and a specialist shark species : a comparison of diet, behavior and function /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2008. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3314455.

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Alonso, Pernas Pol [Verfasser], Wilhelm [Gutachter] Boland, Erika [Gutachter] Kothe, and Dieter [Gutachter] Spiteller. "On the composition and function of the gut microbiome of two insect species, the generalist Spodoptera littoralis and the specialist Melolontha hippocastani / Pol Alonso Pernas ; Gutachter: Wilhelm Boland, Erika Kothe, Dieter Spiteller." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1170588417/34.

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Lindgren, Jessica. "Small remnant habitats : Important structures in fragmented landscapes." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-148653.

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The world-wide intensification of agriculture has led to a decline in species richness due to land use change, isolation, and fragmentation of natural and semi-natural habitats in agricultural and forestry landscapes. As a consequence, there is a current landscape management focus on the importance of green infrastructure to mitigate biodiversity decline and preserve ecosystem functions e.g. pollination services and pest control. Even though intensification in agriculture has been ongoing for several hundreds of years, remnant habitats from earlier management practices may still be remaining with a surprisingly high plant richness. Preserving these habitats could help conserving plant species richness in agricultural landscapes, as well as other organisms that are dependent on plants for food and shelter. In this thesis I focus on two small remnant habitats; midfield islets and borders between managed forest and crop field in southeastern Sweden. In the past, both habitats were included in the grazing system and therefore often still have remnant population of grassland specialist species left today. I have used these two remnant habitats as model habitats to investigate the effect of landscape factors and local factors on species richness of plants, flower morphologies and plants with fleshy fruits. Additively, I analysed the effect of surrounding landscape and local openness on the functions; pollination success, biological pest control of aphids and seed predation on midfield islets. One of my studies showed that spatial distribution and size of the habitat affected plant species richness. Larger habitat size and higher connectivity between habitats increased species richness of plants in the habitats. Openness of the habitats was shown to be an important factor to increase species richness and richness of flower morphologies, both on midfield islets and in forest borders. Even though midfield islets had the highest species and morphology richness, both habitat types are needed for habitat complementary as forest borders have more plants with fleshy fruits and a higher richness of plant species that flowers in spring/early summer. It was also shown that a more complex forest border, not just with gaps in the canopy, but also with high variation in tree stem sizes increases plant species richness in the field layer. The conclusion is that by managing small remnant habitats to remain or become more semi-open and complex in their structure, would increase species richness of plants, grassland specialist species, and flower morphologies. It would also increase some ecosystem functions as seed predation and biologic pest control of aphids are more effective close to trees. If both midfield islets and forest borders would be managed to be semi-open, the area and connectivity of semi-open habitat would increase in the agricultural landscape, which may also improve pollination success as the connectivity between populations has a possibility to increase. Grassland specialist species are clearly abundant in the small remnant habitats. As the decline of semi-natural grasslands is causing a decline in grassland specialists’ species, not only plants, I recommend that small remnant habitats are included in conservation and management plans and strategies to improve habitat availability and connectivity for grassland species in agricultural landscapes.

Research funder Ekoklim. Project:4339602.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Manuscript.

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Uimaniemi, L. (Leena). "Maintenance of genetic diversity in four taiga specialists." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2004. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514274105.

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Abstract Genetic diversity in three taiga specialists – the Siberian tit (Parus cinctus), the Siberian jay (Perisoreus infaustus) and the Siberian flying squirrel (Pteromys volans) – was assessed by comparing DNA sequence variation across the mitochondrial control region and allele frequencies of microsatellites from samples collected from Fennoscandia and Siberia. Population sizes of these species have declined in association with fragmentation and loss of suitable forest habitat due to modern forestry practices in Fennoscandia. The red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) served as a reference for the flying squirrel. Genetic differentiation among species studied ranged from a panmictic population in the Siberian tit to that of the strong differentiation of populations (θST = 53%) in the flying squirrel in Finland. MtDNA and microsatellite data, together with assignment studies, showed the Siberian jay population to be significantly genetically structured and supported the existence of a metapopulation like structuring in Fennoscandia. Division of genetic variation among flying squirrel populations along the ancient shoreline of the Littorina Lymnea Sea stage of the Baltic Sea (7000 BP) and two geographically associated branches in the minimum spanning network supported a two-way colonisation history for the species. The Finnish inland appears to have been colonised from the east in association with the arrival of Norway spruce. At the same time, Coastal Finland was colonised from the south-east through the Karelian Isthmus. Gene flow of the species appeared female biased and restricted. Species exhibiting more restrictive dispersal characteristics and habitat requirements possessed stronger population genetic structure than those with opposite characteristics. Growth or contractions in population size leave characteristic signatures in mtDNA that can be studied by comparing different sequence diversity estimates among populations. I applied this method to the species studied. Significant differences in nucleotide diversities indicated restrictions in gene flow among populations in all species studied. Half of the Siberian jay populations gave a signal of population size bottleneck. All the species studied showed differences in their population genetic structures across their entire distribution ranges consistent with the multirefugia model, most likely to be attributable to differences in their ecological characteristics and Pleistocene histories.
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Maillard, Desgrées Du Loû Dominique. "Police generale, polices speciales (recherche sur la specificite des polices generale et speciales)." Rennes 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN11025.

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L'objet de la these est la mesure de la specificite des polices generales et speciales en droit administratif francais. La premiere partie porte sur les caracteres de la competence de police generale et sur ceux de la competence de police speciale et verifie que ces deux appelations recouvrent deux realites juridiques differentes. Ainsi la police generale apparait fondee sur une norme implicite d'habilitation: l'ordre public general, qui lui confere certaines caracteristiques (caractere conservateur, liberal et general de l'habilitation, pour agir dans la mesure necessaire a la satisfaction de l'ordre). La police speciale est toujours fondee sur un texte expres ayant au moins une origine legislative. Elle manifeste l'affirmation de la puissance publique dans les limites du principe de specialite. La deuxieme partie porte sur la specificite du regime de chaque competence. Elle demontre que les polices ne presentent pas une specificite totale l'une par rapport a l'autre et que l'exercice de la police dans son ensemble voit sa specificite s'amenuiser par rapport au reste de l'activite administrative. On remarque ainsi une faible specificite des decisions de police, que le controle juridictionnel de la legalite est largement adapte a la nature de chaque police et qu'il s'est maintenue une relative specificite du regime de la responsabilite
The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the specificity of general and special polices in french administrative law. The first part studies the characteristics of the competence of general police and those of the competence of special police, and acertains that these two expressions represent two different legal realities. Thus the general police appears to be based on an implicit standard of empowerment general public order, which gives it certain characteristics (the conservative, liberal and general character of the empoverment, to act insofar as the preservation of order requires). The special police is always based on an explicit text, which has at least a legislative origin, it represents the assertion of public power within the limits of the principle of specialty. The second part deals with the specificity of the regime of each competence. It shows that the polices do not present an entire specificity (with respect to one an other) and that the exercise of the police as a whole sees its specificity diminish with respect to the other administrative activities. Therefore we notice a small specificity in the decisions of the police, that the jurisdictional control of legality is amply suited to the nature of each police and that a relative specificity of the regime of responsability is maintained
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Jacobs, Jodee Elizabeth. "Secondary Special Education Teachers and Transition Specialists| Collaborative Efforts." Thesis, Grand Canyon University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10602670.

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This qualitative case study explored how secondary special education teachers and transition specialists perceived their collaborative efforts when transitioning students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) from secondary to higher education. The theory of transition established the platform for this study. Two of the theoretical principles of situation and support were used as a lens to determine the collaborative perceptions between these two educator groups. The research questions specified educator perceptions of collaboration throughout the transition process and building collaborative relationships. The sample consisted of seven secondary special education teachers and seven transition specialists within the State of Arizona. Data collection sources the secondary transition plan document, semistructured individual interviews and two focus group sessions. Data coding procedures determined specific patterns that emerged in the analysis. A total of seven themes emerged: Collaboration ongoing, team effort, unrealistic expectations affect transition, attitude of specialists affecting student success, trust is vital to building relationships, lack of knowledge in preparing students during transition, and the importance of parental involvement throughout the transition process. The results that provided the greatest influence to the collaborative process included parental involvement and relationships, trust building between educators, continued training, provision of resources, and the development of the transition plan. The implications of this study suggested that educational organizations provide opportunities for these specialists to attend trainings for continued professional development.

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Patel, Riddhi [Verfasser]. "“Generalists” & “Specialists”: Closely Related Felidae Species exhibit Diverse Evolutionary Histories / Riddhi Patel." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1142155390/34.

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Olsen, Walter O. Jr. "Attendance modification of resource specialist program students using postcards and parents as change agents." Scholarly Commons, 1988. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3304.

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Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine if a letter and postcard treatment program would induce parents to act as change agents for the purpose of improving Resource Specialist Program student attendance. Procedures. Subjects were 270 kindergarten through twelfth grade RSP students in a suburban school district near Sacramento, California. Five variables were studied including RSP student gender, grade level, ethnicity, socio-economic status and time-in-program. These variables were statistically combined with 1983-84 and 1984-85 fall semester absence data and postcard return rates to investigate what influence the letter and postcard treatment would have on rates of absence. Analysis of variance, t-test statistics, and multiple regression analyses were used to assess the effects of the postcard and letter treatment on the absence rates of RSP students at the.01 level of significance. Findings. (1) Monthly correspondence with the parents of RSP students on attendance related topics worsened pre-existing attendance problems for students in grades seven through twelve. (2) Resource Specialist Program students in Level 1 (grades K-6) have better attendance as a group than students in Level 2 (grades 7-9). Similarly, students in Level 2 have better attendance as a group than students in Level 3 (grades 10-12). (3) The number of postcards returned by parents is unrelated to changes in RSP student rates of absence following implementation of a monthly attendance related letter and postcard treatment program. (4) None of the interactions among gender, ethnicity, socio-economic status, time-in-program or postcard returns affected changes in RSP student absence rates.
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Books on the topic "Specialist species"

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J, Lunn Nicholas, Schliebe Scott, Born Erik W, and International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Species Survival Commission., eds. Polar bears: Proceedings of the 13th working meeting of the IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group, 23-28 June 2001, Nuuk, Greenland. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN--the World Conservation Union, 2002.

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IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group. Working Meeting. Polar bears: Proceedings of the Tenth Working Meeting of the IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group, October 25-29, 1988, Sochi, USSR. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN--The World Conservation Union, 1991.

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IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group. Working Meeting. Polar bears: Proceedings of the Eleventh Working Meeting of the IUCN/SSC Polar Bear Specialist Group, 25-27 January 1993, Copenhagen, Denmark. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, 1995.

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Lam, Fung-mai Billie. NHS information specialists: An "unidentified species". Loughborough: Loughborough University of Technology, 1995.

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International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Crocodile Specialist Group. Working Meeting. Crocodiles: Proceedings of the 10th Working Meeting of the Crocodile Specialist Group of the Species Survival Commission of IUCN-the World Conservation Union, convened at Gainesville, Florida, U.S.A., 23 to 27 April 1990. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN-the World Conservation Union, 1990.

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IUCN/SSC Rodent Specialist Group. Workshop. Rodents: A world survey of species of conservation concern : based on the proceedings of a Workshop of the IUCN/SSC Rodent Specialist Group, held at the Fourth International Theriological Congress, August 17, 1985, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN--the World Conservation Union, 1989.

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England, Len. Public and specialist libraries: Membership and use. London: Book Marketing, 1995.

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Kahn, Beth F. A guide to Dallas learning specialists. Dallas, Tex. (9029 Directors Row, Dallas, 75247): Dockery House Pub., 1994.

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Television specials: 3,201 entertainment spectaculars, 1939-1993. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland, 1995.

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An introduction to the issues and applications of interactive multimedia for information specialists. Washington, DC: Special Libraries Association, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Specialist species"

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Morgante, J. S., D. Selivon, V. N. Solferini, and S. R. Matioli. "Evolutionary Patterns in Specialist and Generalist Species of Anastrepha." In Fruit Flies, 15–20. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2278-9_3.

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Sree, K. Sowjanya, and Hemesh Joshi. "Comparative Account of Generalist and Specialist Species of the Entomopathogenic Fungus, Metarhizium." In Soil Biology, 161–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14499-3_7.

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Botton, Mark L., Ruth H. Carmichael, Paul K. S. Shin, and Siu Gin Cheung. "Emerging Issues in Horseshoe Crab Conservation: A Perspective from the IUCN Species Specialist Group." In Changing Global Perspectives on Horseshoe Crab Biology, Conservation and Management, 369–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19542-1_21.

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Callaway, Ragan M., and Jacob E. Lucero. "Soil biota and non-native plant invasions." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 45–66. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0045.

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Abstract The trajectory of plant invasions - for better or for worse - can be tied to interactions between plants and the soil community. Here, we highlight five broad ways in which belowground interactions can influence the trajectory of biological invasions by non-native plant species. First, many non-native plant species in their non-native ranges can interact very differently with the resident soil community than do native species. Second, non-native plant species often interact very differently with the soil community in their non-native ranges than in their native ranges, which can result in enemy release from antagonistic interactions. Third, non-native plant species can cultivate a soil community that disproportionately harms native competitors in invaded communities. Fourth, antagonistic soil biota in invaded communities can reduce the performance of non-native plant species, resulting in meaningful biotic resistance against invasion. Fifth, besides or in addition to antagonistic interactions with soil biota, soil mutualisms can promote the success of invasive plant species (i) when mutualists co-invade with non-native plant species that require obligate specialist mutualists, (ii) when mutualists enhance the performance of non-native plant species in their non-native ranges, and (iii) when biotic interactions in the invaded community suppress the soil mutualists of native plant species. We conclude that management practices aimed at manipulating plant - soil interactions have considerable potential to help control plant invasions, but further work is needed to understand the spatial, temporal, taxonomic and biogeographic drivers of context dependence in interactions among plants and soil biota.
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Cole, Rosemary. "Abiotic induction of changes to glucosinolate profiles in Brassica species and increased resistance to the specialist aphid Brevicoryne brassicae." In Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Insect-Plant Relationships, 228–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1720-0_52.

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Illston, Jana D., Joseph M. Malek, David R. Ellington, and Holly E. Richter. "Special Evidence-Based Considerations in Geriatric Gynecologic Care: Pelvic Floor Disorders." In Geriatrics for Specialists, 137–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31831-8_13.

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Norris, Kyle P., Jana D. Illston, Joseph M. Malek, David R. Ellington, and Holly E. Richter. "Special Evidence-Based Considerations in Geriatric Gynecologic Care: Pelvic Floor Disorders." In Geriatrics for Specialists, 137–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76271-1_12.

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Solntsev, V. M. "Universals specials and typology." In Language Typology 1985, 49. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.47.06sol.

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Yeo, Khung Keong, Garrett Wong, and Reginald Low. "Specials: Rotablation Through Stent Accordion." In Clinical Cases in Interventional Cardiology, 171–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60490-9_25.

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Gupta, Himanshu, and Khung Keong Yeo. "Specials: Rotablation Through Jailed LAD." In Clinical Cases in Interventional Cardiology, 177–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60490-9_26.

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Conference papers on the topic "Specialist species"

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Losey, John E. "Establishing a coccinellid specialist group in the International Union for Conservation of Nature – Species Survival Commission (IUCN SSC)." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.107949.

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Lindstrom, Anders J. "International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)/Species Survival Commission (SSC) Cycad Specialist Group Ex situ Conservation and Recovery Programme (CSG-ECRP)." In CYCAD 2008. The New York Botanical Garden Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21135/893275150.002.

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Abdelalim, Rasha Mohamed Gamal. "The Quality of Cooperation between families of people with disabilities and Education Specialists through the Social Media." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0274.

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This study is aimed to identify the stages of cooperation between families of people with disabilities and education specialists and the importance of social media in supporting this cooperation and parental participation in the school and civil society institutions, in addition to knowing the dimensions of this participation and its effectiveness in special education programs and educational institutions, including teachers and specialists. Also, others who work in the field of special education. The study followed the quantitative and qualitative approach. The researcher used the two measures of cooperation, acceptance and parental rejection of Khalifa (2007). The researcher used the quantitative and qualitative method to answer the study questions. The study sample consisted of ten parents who have a child with a dependency. The results of the analysis of the parental participation questionnaire showed that the principle of family rights ranked first with a rate of 94.8%, and the highest percentage of responses from the sample members to this variable was 100%, while the lowest percentage of responses was 80%. The defense of the rights of the child comes in second place with a rate of 94.4%, while the principle of commitment is ranked third by a rate of 91%, and the principle of equality came in the fourth rank with a slight difference of 90.5%, and the principle of communication comes in the fifth order with a rate of 90%. Social communication, it ranked sixth by 90%, the principle of respect comes in seventh with a rate of 85%, then the principle of professional competence came in eighth place with a rate of 82%, and finally trust comes in ninth and last place with a rate of 81.5%. Whereas the specialist’s answers to the interview questions indicated the importance of using social media in the process of parental participation in education, which was in agreement with the responses of the families of the disabled, while the specialist’s responses agreed with the families ’responses on the importance of the principle of positive communication with the families of the disabled, and building positive relationships with them. Which will lead to building the principle of mutual trust, as the responses of the specialist indicated that it fully applies the values of parental partnership at a rate of 100% for each value, which did not agree with the responses of the families of students with disabilities.
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Marusynets, Mariana, Dmytro Korchevskyi, and Vitalii Lapinskyi. "Social Aspects of Information System and Computer Technology Professionals’ Practice-oriented Training." In ATEE 2020 - Winter Conference. Teacher Education for Promoting Well-Being in School. LUMEN Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/atee2020/17.

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The article describes the social and pedagogical aspects of training a computer specialist in the modern information space. The features of the virtual environment of activity are considered, attention is paid to the social directions of professional training of a computer specialist, in particular, ethical responsibility. Attention is focused on the nature and types of social consequences and spiritual and cultural changes generated by the informatization of society, determined by the social conditions in which the informatization process takes place, and the problem itself is due to the relationship between the man, computer, and society. The advantages and risks of training professionals in the given specialty are indicated and the main possible approaches are substantiated. It is shown that with the emergence of a new type of information life, which is considered as a general humanitarian philosophical problem, it is necessary to humanize professional education. The problems of the theoretical analysis and determination of the ontological status of virtual reality, the phenomenon of human computer dependence are described. It is indicated that a special responsibility lies with computer specialists, whose professional training should include not only the assimilation of educational material to ensure successful professional activity in the future, but it must take into account the social needs of society.
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Modarres-Sadeghi, Yahya, Matthew Watts, Joe Conte, Franz Hover, and Michael S. Triantafyllou. "A Mechanical Fish Emulates the C-Shape Fast-Start Mechanism." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30381.

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We have built a simple mechanical system to emulate the fast-start performance of fish. The system consists of a thin metal beam covered by a urethane rubber, the fish body, and an appropriately shaped tail. The body form of the mechanical fish was modeled after a pike species, selected because it is a widely studied fast-start specialist. The mechanical fish was held in curvature and hung in water by two restraining lines, which were simultaneously released by a pneumatic cutting mechanism. The potential energy in the beam was transferred into the fluid, thereby accelerating the fish. We measured the resulting acceleration, and calculated the efficiency of propulsion for the mechanical fish model, defined as the ratio of the final kinetic energy of the fish and the initially stored potential energy in the body beam. We also ran a series of flow visualizaiton tests to observe the resulting flow patterns. The maximum start-up acceleration was measured around 40 ms−2, with the maximum final velocity around 1.2 ms−1. The form of the measured acceleration signal as function of time is quite similar to that of Type I fast-start motions studied by Harper and Blake. The hydrodynamic efficiency of the fish was found to be around 10%. Flow visualization of the mechanical fast-start wake was also analyzed, showing that the acceleration peaks are associated with the shedding of two vortex rings in near-lateral directions.
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Resende, Antonio C., Herb E. Myers, and James P. Price. "Specials Papers for the Transportation Industry." In 1995 SAE Brasil. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/952254.

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Darulová, Jolana, and Katarína Koštialová. "Múzeá kultúr národnostných menšín ako súčasť špecifických foriem turizmu." In XXIII. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách / 23rd International Colloquium on Regional Sciences. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9610-2020-47.

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The cultural heritage of a locality, region or country plays a significant role in the domestic tourist industry. Institutions of historic memory, in particular museums are concerned with specialist processing of cultural heritage elements. They register, document, administer and ultimately present these elements. The objective of this study is to characterise the importance of specialised museums of ethnic minority cultures in Slovakia, as cultural heritage intermediaries for specific forms of tourism. The study is based on ethnological field research, with updated semi-standardised interviews and participating observations. The outcome of the study determines two aspects. One of them relates to various forms of the tourist industry, which the museum network in Slovakia also participates in. The other one specifies the researched museums of ethnic minority cultures and their involvement in the development of cultural and ethnic tourism, as well as tourism of compatriots.
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Artamonova, Maria V. "APPLICATION OF COACHING TECHNOLOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A YOUNG SPECIALIST." In Treshnikov readings – 2021 Modern geographical global picture and technology of geographic education. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-08-2-2021-99-100.

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The article deals with the approaches of coaching technology for the development of professional competencies of a young specialist in various fields of activity. The author pays special attention to the stages of development of a young specialist as a professional person, and highlights the approaches of the coach-technologist.
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NOVIKOVA, Zhanna. "PSYCHOLOGICAL SPECIALS OF HAPPINESS OF AN OLDER PEOPLE." In Happiness And Contemporary Society : Conference Proceedings Volume. SPOLOM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2020.45.

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Yu Peng, ZhiQing Lin, Bo Xiao, and Chuang Zhang. "Multi-level topic detection algorithm for Netnews Specials." In 2013 IEEE Conference Anthology. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/anthology.2013.6784968.

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Reports on the topic "Specialist species"

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Dalay, Satinder, Kathleen Ferguson, Sally El-Ghazali, Katy Miller, Felicity Corcoran, Matthew Tuck, Jessica Wiggins, Hannah Theobald, and Elizabeth H. Shewry. Trainee Handbook 2021. Association of Anaesthetists, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21466/g.th2.2021.

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I am delighted to welcome you to the 13th edition of the Association of Anaesthetists’ Trainee Handbook. The main objective of the handbook is to offer trainees a comprehensive resource as you navigate your way through your career. A vast array of high-quality authors have been commissioned to write about their specialist field or area of knowledge. Whatever path you choose to take, I believe you will find useful sections within this handbook. Training within anaesthesia is constantly evolving. As I write this foreword, a new training curriculum is being implemented. To reflect the changes ahead, this handbook is not only fully interactive but also a live document. Thus, it will be updated at regular intervals to ensure information remains accurate and relevant. Although this handbook is designed for you to dip in and out of, I strongly encourage you to read the chapters about taking care of yourself. Training is a challenging time, but here at the Association of Anaesthetists we are dedicated to supporting our trainee members. I would like to personally thank all the authors who contributed to this handbook. A special mention of thanks to my fellow Trainee Committee members, Sally El-Ghazali and Rhys Clyburn, as well as the countless Association staff who have made this publication possible. I welcome any feedback you may have, therefore please feel free to contact the Trainee Committee via email trainees@anaesthetists.org or Twitter @Anaes_Trainees Finally, good luck in your career – I hope this handbook helps you along the way! Satinder Dalay Elected Member, Association of Anaesthetists Trainee Co
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