Journal articles: 'Species specific primers'

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Yoder, Wendy T., and Lynne M. Christianson. "Species-Specific Primers Resolve Members ofFusariumSectionFusarium." Fungal Genetics and Biology 23, no. 1 (February 1998): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/fgbi.1997.1027.

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Kikuchi, Kensuke, Norihisa Matsushita, and Kazuo Suzuki. "Discrimination of Tricholoma species by species-specific ITS primers." Mycoscience 48, no. 5 (October 2007): 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10267-007-0368-2.

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Oberste, M. Steven, Kaija Maher, Alford J. Williams, Naomi Dybdahl-Sissoko, Betty A. Brown, Michelle S. Gookin, Silvia Peñaranda, Nada Mishrik, Moyez Uddin, and Mark A. Pallansch. "Species-specific RT-PCR amplification of human enteroviruses: a tool for rapid species identification of uncharacterized enteroviruses." Journal of General Virology 87, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81179-0.

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The 65 serotypes of human enteroviruses are classified into four species, Human enterovirus (HEV) A to D, based largely on phylogenetic relationships in multiple genome regions. The 3′-non-translated region of enteroviruses is highly conserved within a species but highly divergent between species. From this information, species-specific RT-PCR primers were developed that can be used to rapidly screen collections of enterovirus isolates to identify species of interest. The four primer pairs were 100 % specific when tested against enterovirus prototype strains and panels of isolates of known serotype (a total of 193 isolates). For evaluation in a typical application, the species-specific primers were used to screen 186 previously uncharacterized non-polio enterovirus isolates. The HEV-B primers amplified 68·3 % of isolates, while the HEV-A and HEV-C primers accounted for 9·7 and 11·3 % of isolates, respectively; no isolates were amplified with the HEV-D primers. Twelve isolates (6·5 %) were amplified by more than one primer set and eight isolates (4·3 %) were not amplified by any of the four primer pairs. Serotypes were identified by partial sequencing of the VP1 capsid gene, and in every case sequencing confirmed that the species-specific PCR result was correct; the isolates that were amplified by more than one species-specific primer pair were mixtures of two (11 isolates) or three (one isolate) species of viruses. The eight isolates that were not amplified by the species-specific primers comprised four new serotypes (EV76, EV89, EV90 and EV91) that appear to be unique members of HEV-A based on VP1, 3D and 3′-non-translated region sequences.

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Waeyenberge, Lieven, Nicole Viaene, and Maurice Moens. "Species-specific duplex PCR for the detection of Pratylenchus penetrans." Nematology 11, no. 6 (2009): 847–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854109x428016.

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Abstract ITS1, the 5.8S rRNA gene and ITS2 of the rDNA region were sequenced from 20 different Pratylenchus species. Additionally, the same region was sequenced from seven populations of P. penetrans. After purifying, cloning and sequencing the PCR products, all sequences were aligned in order to find unique sites suitable for the design of species-specific primers for P. penetrans. Since ITS regions showed variability between and even within populations of P. penetrans, only three small DNA sequences were suitable for the construction of three potentially useful species-specific primers. New species-specific primers were paired with existing universal ITS primers and tested in all possible primer combinations. The best performing primer set, supplemented with a universal 28S rDNA primer set that served as an internal control, was tested in duplex PCR. The ideal annealing temperature, Mg2+ concentration and primer ratios were then determined for the most promising primer set. The optimised duplex PCR was subsequently tested on a wide range of different Pratylenchus spp. and 25 P. penetrans populations originating from all over the world. To test the sensitivity, the duplex PCR was conducted on DNA extracted from a single P. penetrans nematode mixed with varying amounts of nematodes belonging to another Pratylenchus species. Results showed that a reliable and sensitive P. penetrans species-specific duplex PCR was constructed.

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Hrytseva, N. "DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIFIC PRIMERS FOR 16S rRNA GENE ANALYSIS IN THE DETECTION OF Ralstonia solanacearum SPECIES COMPLEX." Biotechnologia Acta 15, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/biotech15.03.005.

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Members of Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) are causal agents of vascular wilt disease in more than 450 crop species, including solanaceous plants such as potatoes, tomatoes, bell pepper, eggplant, etc. These phytopathogens cause serious yield loss mostly in solanaceous crops which are grown in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of the world. Yield losses comprise 80%–100% in potato, up to 91% for tomato, 10%–30% in tobacco, 33%–90% in banana, and reduce crop productivity and yield. PCR-methods are specific, sensitive and cost-effective approaches for the detection and identification of RSSC members. The objective of this study was to compare specificity of routinely used primer mix for PCR RSSC detection with the newly developed pairs of species-specific primers for ease of use diagnostics in a laboratory. Materials and Methods. The conserved genomic regions of the 16S rRNA sequences of R. solanacearum, R. pseudosolanacearum, and R. syzygii were selected for the design of primers for this study. Newly created primer species specificity was tested in PCR using the DNA of the two targets and 13 non-target strains of bacteria. Results. Three pairs of newly created primers Rs-28(F)/Rs-193(R), Rs-28(F)/OLI-160(R), Rs28(F)/OLI248(R) produced single specific fragments for bacterial strains of Ralstonia solanacearum: 166 bp, 132 bp, and 220 bp. products respectively. No PCR products were obtained during amplification with the negative control or non-target DNA templates from other bacterial species. Conclusion. Designed primers can be used for the development of PCR system for the qualitative and quantitative detection of RSSC members.

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Aoki, T., C‐I Park, H. Yamashita, and I. Hirono. "Species‐specific polymerase chain reaction primers forLactococcus garvieae." Journal of Fish Diseases 23, no. 1 (January 2000): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2000.00207.x.

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Jayanto, Herdhanu, and Budi Setiadi Daryono. "DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIFIC PRIMERS FOR INTER SPECIES PHYLOGENY RELATIONSHIP ON Crocodilian sp." KnE Life Sciences 2, no. 1 (September 20, 2015): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v2i1.163.

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Poaching, trafficking, and illegal product trading are classic activities which frequently faced by Crocodilian group. To overcome, laws need supporting methods for a decision of these all activities which threaten crocodile species. This will require species identification that associated to taxonomy classification. Crocodilian species are very similar in morphology. This may result to a false identification especially when working on incomplete specimen. Currently, twenty-four existing Crocodilian species are continuously revised to improve the precise placement and/or acceptance of certain species on Crocodilian classification. Herein we address this issue using Cytochrome-b. The idea was to obtain genus specific primer from Cytochrome-b and then tested the precision of the designed primers using bioinformatics tools’ Primer-BLAST and CLC sequence Viewer 6. The designed primers showed a highly specificity on species level. The phylogenetic tree constructed by is relatively precise compared to reported phylogenetic trees. These specific primers together with the genus specific primers may give valuable and important support for the effective and efficient identification of Crocodilian group. Keywords: Crocodilian, illegal trading, Cytochrome-b , specific primer, bioinformatic

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DOMBRINK-KURTZMAN, MARY ANN, and AMY E. MCGOVERN. "Species-Specific Identification of Penicillium Linked to Patulin Contamination†." Journal of Food Protection 70, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 2646–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-70.11.2646.

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Certain species of Penicillium have been reported to produce the mycotoxin patulin, and research was undertaken to identify these with the use of oligonucleotide primer pairs. Species examined were found in food, plants, and soil and were reported to produce patulin. Penicillium expansum is the most commonly detected species linked to the presence of patulin in apple juice. At least 10 different enzymes are involved in the patulin biosynthetic pathway, including the isoepoxydon dehydrogenase (idh) gene. Based on nucleotide sequences previously determined for the idh gene in Penicillium species, PCR primers were designed for the species-specific detection of patulin-producing species. The 5′ primers were based on differences in the second intron of the idh gene. To ensure that the primer pairs produced a PCR product restricted to the species for which it was designed, and not to unrelated species, all of the primer pairs were tested against all of the Penicillium species. With one exception, it was possible to detect a reaction only with the organism of interest. The primer pair for Penicillium griseofulvum also amplified DNA from Penicillium dipodomyicola, a closely related species; however, it was possible to distinguish between these two species by doing a second amplification, with a different primer pair specific only for P. dipodomyicola. Consequently, with different primer sets, it was possible to identify individual patulin-producing species of Penicillium.

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Gaonkar, Chetan C., Lidita Khandeparker, Dattesh V. Desai, and Arga Chandrashekar Anil. "Identification ofBalanus amphitritelarvae from field zooplankton using species-specific primers." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 95, no. 3 (November 6, 2014): 497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315414001581.

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Identification of marine invertebrate larvae using morphological characters is laborious and complicated by phenotypic plasticity.Balanus amphitriteis a dominant barnacle, important in the context of intertidal ecology and biofouling of manmade structures. Morphological identification of barnacle larval forms in a mixed population is difficult because of their intricacy and similarity in size, shape and developmental stages. We report the development and application of a nucleic acid-based Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method for the specific identification of the barnacle,B. amphitrite, from the heterogeneous zooplankton sample. This method is reliable and accurate thereby overcoming taxonomic ambiguity. Sequence alignment of the 18S rRNA gene region of selected species of barnacles allowed the design ofB. amphitrite-specific PCR primers. Assay specificity was evaluated by screening DNA obtained from selected species of barnacles. The oligonucleotide primers used in the study flanked a 1600 bp region within the 18S rRNA gene. The primer is specific and can detect as few as 10 individuals ofB. amphitritelarvae spiked in a background of ~186 mg of zooplankton. This technique facilitates accurate identification and the primer can be used as a marker for enumeration ofB. amphitritelarvae in the plankton.

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Beran, Pavel, and Ivan Mráz. "Species-specific PCR primers for detection of Xanthomonas vesicatoria." Crop Protection 43 (January 2013): 213–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2012.08.008.

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Santos, Kledson M., Graziele S. Lima, Ana P. O. Barros, Alexandre R. Machado, Cristina M. Souza-Motta, Kamila C. Correia, and Sami Jorge Michereff. "Novel specific primers for rapid identification of Macrophomina species." European Journal of Plant Pathology 156, no. 4 (February 10, 2020): 1213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-01952-8.

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Abaci, Özlem, Alev Halki-Uztan, and Mustafa Ates. "Specific identification ofCandida albicans andCandida dubliniensis by PCR using species-specific primers." Annals of Microbiology 58, no. 2 (June 2008): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03175338.

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Duduk, Natasa, Miljan Vasic, Nina Vuckovic, Aleksandra Zebeljan, and Ivana Vico. "Suitability of different primers for specific molecular detection of Monilinia spp." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 62, no. 2 (2017): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas1702167d.

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Monilinia spp. are economically important pathogens of pome and stone fruits. Four Monilinia species are present in Serbia - Monilinia fructigena, M. laxa, M. fructicola and Monilia polystroma. As detection and identification of Monilinia species are complex, the aim of this research was to evaluate species-specific primers in PCR in order to standardize fast and reliable molecular methods for differentiation between the four Monilinia species. Isolates of M. fructigena, M. laxa, M. fructicola and M. polystroma from apple fruit and referent isolates from Italy and Japan were used for testing. Specific molecular detection of M. laxa was obtained using ITS1Mlx/ITS4Mlx and Ml-Mfg-F2/Ml-Mfc-R1 primer pairs, and M. fructicola using ITS1Mfcl/ITS4Mfcl and Mfc-F1/Mfc-R1 primer pairs. ITS1Mfgn/ITS4Mfgn and ITS1/Mfg-R2 primer pairs, described as M. fructigena species-specific, amplified M. fructigena and M. polystroma, as well. Specific detection of these two species as well as of all four tested Monilinia species was obtained using the reverse primer MO368-5 with forward primers MO368-8R, Laxa-R2 and MO368-10R in separate or in Multiplex PCR reactions.

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Sozinova, O. I., N. A. Kozub, I. A. Sozinov, and Ya B. Blume. "Genome specificity of primers to puroindoline genes." Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 22 (September 9, 2018): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v22.947.

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Aim. Genome specificity of primers for amplification of complete coding sequences of puroindoline genes was studied. Methods. PCR with gene-specific primers was performed for amplification of puroindoline genes of wheat and related species. Results. The primer pair designated PinaDH is not gene-specific as it yields two products of amplification of the genes Pina-1 and Gsp-1. This primers pair is not specific for the Pina-1 gene of the genome V of D. villosum. The primer pairs designated PinaCM and Pinb are gene-specific as they produce one amplification product of respective length. We have demonstrated that the PinaCM primer pair is also specific for the genomes D, E and V, and the Pinb primer pair is not specific for the genome V. Conclusions. Gene and genomic specificity of primers for puroindoline genes was refined. Primers suitable for further direct sequencing of coding parts of puroindoline genes of wheat and related species were chosen. Keywords: puroindoline, Triticum aestivum, Aegilops, Dasypyrum, genome specificity.

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Okamoto, Hiroaki, Masako Fukuda, Akio Tawara, Tsutomu Nishizawa, Yukio Itoh, Ikuo Hayasaka, Fumio Tsuda, Takeshi Tanaka, Yuzo Miyakawa, and Makoto Mayumi. "Species-Specific TT Viruses and Cross-Species Infection in Nonhuman Primates." Journal of Virology 74, no. 3 (February 1, 2000): 1132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.3.1132-1139.2000.

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ABSTRACT Viruses resembling human TT virus (TTV) were searched for in sera from nonhuman primates by PCR with primers deduced from well-conserved areas in the untranslated region. TTV DNA was detected in 102 (98%) of 104 chimpanzees, 9 (90%) of 10 Japanese macaques, 4 (100%) of 4 red-bellied tamarins, 5 (83%) of 6 cotton-top tamarins, and 5 (100%) of 5 douroucoulis tested. Analysis of the amplification products of 90 to 106 nucleotides revealed TTV DNA sequences specific for each species, with a decreasing similarity to human TTV in the order of chimpanzee, Japanese macaque, and tamarin/douroucouli TTVs. Full-length viral sequences were amplified by PCR with inverted nested primers deduced from the untranslated region of TTV DNA from each species. All animal TTVs were found to be circular with a genomic length at 3.5 to 3.8 kb, which was comparable to or slightly shorter than human TTV. Sequences closely similar to human TTV were determined by PCR with primers deduced from a coding region (N22 region) and were detected in 49 (47%) of the 104 chimpanzees; they were not found in any animals of the other species. Sequence analysis of the N22 region (222 to 225 nucleotides) of chimpanzee TTV DNAs disclosed four genetic groups that differed by 36.1 to 50.2% from one another; they were 35.0 to 52.8% divergent from any of the 16 genotypes of human TTV. Of the 104 chimpanzees, only 1 was viremic with human TTV of genotype 1a. It was among the 53 chimpanzees which had been used in transmission experiments with human hepatitis viruses. Antibody to TTV of genotype 1a was detected significantly more frequently in the chimpanzees that had been used in transmission experiments than in those that had not (8 of 28 [29%] and 3 of 35 [9%], respectively; P = 0.038). These results indicate that species-specific TTVs are prevalent in nonhuman primates and that human TTV can cross-infect chimpanzees.

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Ivona Djurkin, Kušec, Samac Danijela, Margeta Vladimir, Radišić Žarko, Vincek Dragutin, and Kušec Goran. "Efficiency of PCR-RFLP and species-specific PCR for the identification of meat origin in dry sausages." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 35, No. 5 (October 20, 2017): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/243/2016-cjfs.

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The purpose of this investigation was the identification of chicken, beef and sheep meat in pork sausages using PCR-RFLP and PCR with pecies-specific primers. Six dry fermented pork sausages were produced by adding beef, sheep and chicken meat to each in the amount of 1 and 5%. DNA was extracted from five regions of each sausage and PCR-RFLP together with PCR using species-specific primers was performed. PCR-RFLP analysis was successful only for chicken meat, while species-specific PCR was effective for identification of chicken, eef and sheep meat in all ratios and from all regions of the sausages. The results of our study show that discovering adulteration using PCR-RFLP is suitable only for chicken meat in the investigated products, while for detection of beef and sheep meat use of species-specific oligonucleotides is more effective.

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Abdulmawjood, A., and M. Bulte. "Snail Species Identification by RFLP-PCR and Designing of Species-Specific Oligonucleotide Primers." Journal of Food Science 66, no. 9 (November 2001): 1287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb15203.x.

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REE, Han Il, Tai Soon YONG, and Ui Wook HWANG. "Identification of four species of the Anopheles hyrcanus complex (Diptera : Culicidae) found in Korea using species-specific primers for Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay." Medical Entomology and Zoology 56, no. 3 (2005): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7601/mez.56.201.

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SITTA, R. B., F. M. MALTA, J. R. PINHO, P. P. CHIEFFI, R. C. B. GRYSCHEK, and F. M. PAULA. "Conventional PCR for molecular diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis." Parasitology 141, no. 5 (January 28, 2014): 716–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182013002035.

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SUMMARYStrongyloidiasis is frequently asymptomatic and diagnosis of latent infection is difficult due to limitations of current parasitological and serological methods. This study aimed to verify the use of conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for molecular diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Fresh stool samples were obtained from 103 individuals: 33 S. stercoralis positive, 30 positive for other parasites and 40 negative for parasitological methods. These samples were examined by the Lutz, Rugai and agar plate culture methods and conventional PCR assay. Two sets of primers (S. stercoralis species-specific and genus-specific sets), located in the 18S ribosomal RNA gene, were used for PCR. Of the 33 samples positive for S. stercoralis by parasitological methods, 28 (84·8%) were also detected by PCR assay using species-specific primers and 26 (78·8%) using genus-specific primers. Among the stool samples negative by parasitological methods, seven (17·5%) were positive by PCR using species-specific primers and two (5·0%) using genus-specific primers. In conclusion, the conventional PCR assay described in this study using a species-specific primer pair provided a molecular method for S. stercoralis diagnosis in human stool samples.

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Dreier, Matthias, Hélène Berthoud, Noam Shani, Daniel Wechsler, and Pilar Junier. "SpeciesPrimer: a bioinformatics pipeline dedicated to the design of qPCR primers for the quantification of bacterial species." PeerJ 8 (February 18, 2020): e8544. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8544.

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Background Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) is a well-established method for detecting and quantifying bacteria, and it is progressively replacing culture-based diagnostic methods in food microbiology. High-throughput qPCR using microfluidics brings further advantages by providing faster results, decreasing the costs per sample and reducing errors due to automatic distribution of samples and reagents. In order to develop a high-throughput qPCR approach for the rapid and cost-efficient quantification of microbial species in complex systems such as fermented foods (for instance, cheese), the preliminary setup of qPCR assays working efficiently under identical PCR conditions is required. Identification of target-specific nucleotide sequences and design of specific primers are the most challenging steps in this process. To date, most available tools for primer design require either laborious manual manipulation or high-performance computing systems. Results We developed the SpeciesPrimer pipeline for automated high-throughput screening of species-specific target regions and the design of dedicated primers. Using SpeciesPrimer, specific primers were designed for four bacterial species of importance in cheese quality control, namely Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Pediococcus acidilactici and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Selected primers were first evaluated in silico and subsequently in vitro using DNA from pure cultures of a variety of strains found in dairy products. Specific qPCR assays were developed and validated, satisfying the criteria of inclusivity, exclusivity and amplification efficiencies. Conclusion In this work, we present the SpeciesPrimer pipeline, a tool to design species-specific primers for the detection and quantification of bacterial species. We use SpeciesPrimer to design qPCR assays for four bacterial species and describe a workflow to evaluate the designed primers. SpeciesPrimer facilitates efficient primer design for species-specific quantification, paving the way for a fast and accurate quantitative investigation of microbial communities.

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Krilaviciute, Agne, and Nomeda Kuisiene. "Characterization and evaluation of tandem repeats for the identification of Geobacillus." Open Life Sciences 8, no. 6 (June 1, 2013): 549–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-013-0168-3.

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AbstractTaxonomy of thermophilic, endospore-forming bacteria has evoked a great interest over the past few years. Although a number of taxonomic markers were previously evaluated, their sequences in Geobacillus were too conservative, and identification of more variable markers is needed. Repetitive DNA is one of the promising variable targets in the development of the taxon-specific genotyping and identification schemes in bacteria. The aim of our study was to evaluate the possibility of using repetitive DNA in the taxonomy of Geobacillus. In this paper, we report the analysis of perfect tandem repeats of geobacilli. We focused on the long repeats (with a motif length of ≥20 nucleotides). This choice was based on the assumption that these motifs can be used for the construction of oligonucleotides — primers and probes. Thirty-three Geobacillus genus-specific motifs were identified in our work, fifteen of them were species-specific and fifteen — species cluster -specific. Three of them were genus-, but not species- or species cluster-specific. Some of the motifs were used for the construction of the primer pairs. The primers were validated by PCR. Out of 12 designed primer pairs, 11 were genus-specific and 4 — species-specific. Species-specific primers were successfully constructed for the phylogenetically defined species Geobacillus thermodenitrificans and Geobacillus toebii.

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Johansson, S. B. K., R. Vasaitis, K. Ihrmark, P. Barklund, and J. Stenlid. "Detection ofChalara fraxineafrom tissue ofFraxinus excelsiorusing species-specific ITS primers." Forest Pathology 40, no. 2 (April 2010): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.2009.00614.x.

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Park, Soon-Nang, Junhyeok Lee, and Joong-Ki Kook. "Development of Species-specific PCR Primers for Detecting Peptoniphilus mikwangii." International Journal of Oral Biology 42, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11620/ijob.2017.42.3.143.

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Teng, Lee-Jene, Po-Ren Hsueh, Jui-Chang Tsai, Feng-Lin Chiang, Ching-Yi Chen, Shen-Wu Ho, and Kwen-Tay Luh. "PCR Assay for Species-Specific Identification ofBacteroides thetaiotaomicron." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 4 (2000): 1672–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.4.1672-1675.2000.

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Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is the second most frequently encountered species of the anaerobes isolated from clinical specimens. We developed a PCR-based assay for the rapid identification of B. thetaiotaomicron. Specific primers were based on shared amplicons of about 1.2 kb generated from B. thetaiotaomicron by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA. This 1.2-kb fragment was sequenced and then used to design a set of PCR amplification primers. This PCR generated an amplification product of 721 bp, which was unique to all 65 isolates of B. thetaiotaomicron tested. There was no amplification with isolates of other bacterial species. Restriction enzyme digestion of the amplification product and dot blot hybridization further verified the specificity of the assay. These results suggest that this PCR assay targets a nucleotide sequence that is strongly conserved in B. thetaiotaomicron. This simple and rapid PCR assay provides a rapid and accurate method for identification of B. thetaiotaomicron and shows promise for the detection of B. thetaiotaomicron in clinical samples.

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Park, Heekyung, Hyunjung Jang, Cheolmin Kim, Byungseon Chung, Chulhun L. Chang, Soon Kew Park, and Sundae Song. "Detection and Identification of Mycobacteria by Amplification of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Regions with Genus- and Species-Specific PCR Primers." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 11 (2000): 4080–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.11.4080-4085.2000.

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We evaluated the usefulness of PCR assays that target the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region for identifying mycobacteria at the species level. The conservative and species-specific ITS sequences of 33 species of mycobacteria were analyzed in a multialignment analysis. One pair of panmycobacterial primers and seven pairs of mycobacterial species-specific primers were designed. All PCRs were performed under the same conditions. The specificities of the primers were tested with type strains of 20 mycobacterial species from the American Type Culture Collection; 205 clinical isolates of mycobacteria, including 118Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates and 87 isolates of nontuberculous mycobacteria from 10 species; and 76 clinical isolates of 28 nonmycobacterial pathogenic bacterial species. PCR with the panmycobacterial primers amplified fragments of approximately 270 to 400 bp in all mycobacteria. PCR with the M. tuberculosiscomplex-specific primers amplified an approximately 120-bp fragment only for the M. tuberculosis complex. Multiplex PCR with the panmycobacterial primers and the M. tuberculosiscomplex-specific primers amplified two fragments that were specific for all mycobacteria and the M. tuberculosis complex, respectively. PCR with M. avium complex-, M. fortuitum-, M. chelonae-, M. gordonae-, M. scrofulaceum-, andM. szulgai-specific primers amplified specific fragments only for the respective target organisms. These novel primers can be used to detect and identify mycobacteria simultaneously under the same PCR conditions. Furthermore, this protocol facilitates early and accurate diagnosis of mycobacteriosis.

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Lacmanová, I., J. Pazlarová, M. Kostelanská, and J. Hajšlová. "PCR-based identification of toxinogenic Fusarium species." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 27, Special Issue 2 (January 3, 2010): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/634-cjfs.

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Aim of this study was to develop sensitive PCR assay for mycotoxin producing Fusarium species. Strains Fusarium oxysporum 4199 and Fusarium culmorum 4044 were used as representatives of this group. Primers JB chosen to demonstrate the affiliation to genus Fusarium were derived from ITS region of rDNA. Gene from trichothecene pathway Tri4 was employed to design primers for toxin biosynthesis. Specificity of PCR based on JB primers was tested on DNA isolated from F. culmorum 4044, F. oxysporum 4199, Aspergillus oryzae 4002 and Mucor circinelloides 4018, Trichoderma sp. Both Fusarium species gave positive reaction, while the later ones did not react. Primers based on Tri4 highly specific sequences were giving positive reaction only with DNA from F. culmorum 4044 and F. oxysporum 4199. DNA isolated from six samples of contaminated wheat grains gave positive result on the presence of genus Fusarium and mycotoxines by optimised PCR protocol using JB and Tri4 primers. The results corresponded to LC/MS analysis that was established quantitatively in all samples to ascertain the amount and type of fusarious mycotoxines.

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KIM, Woo-Jin, Kyung-Kil KIM, Jeong-Ho LEE, and Doo-Won PARK. "Identification of Potential Species-Specific Marker in Several Fish Species by RAPD Using Universal Rice Primers." Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 36, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2003.36.3.317.

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OPANOWICZ, Magdalena, Juliane BLAHA, and Martin GRUBE. "Detection of paralogous polyketide synthase genes in Parmeliaceae by specific primers." Lichenologist 38, no. 1 (December 19, 2005): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282905005529.

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A first assessment of paralogy in non-reducing polyketide synthases of Parmeliaceae is presented. Primers which are specific to the keto-acyl synthase domain were used to amplify gene fragments of putative non-reducing polyketide synthases from various representatives of the family. The corresponding sequences were analysed together with a selection of known polyketide synthase genes from other fungi, including lichenized fungi. The results suggest that genes from Parmeliaceae represent at least 6 paralogs. Their different positions in the tree partly correlate with the variable presence of spliceosomal introns at particular positions in the gene fragments. Because only one paralog could be unambiguously detected in each species by direct sequencing of PCR products with this approach, we tested the applicability of clade-specific primers, designed by using orthologous signature sequences. With these primers more paralogs could be detected from the same DNA extract in a number of species, but certain paralogs were consistently not amplified in these species. The paralog-specific primer approach can potentially be used for a rapid screening of PKS genes from a broader range of lichen fungi.

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Löffler, Frank E., Qing Sun, Jieran Li, and James M. Tiedje. "16S rRNA Gene-Based Detection of Tetrachloroethene-Dechlorinating Desulfuromonas andDehalococcoides Species." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 4 (April 1, 2000): 1369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.4.1369-1374.2000.

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ABSTRACT Members of the genera Desulfuromonas andDehalococcoides reductively dechlorinate tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene. Two primer pairs specific to hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA genes of the Dehalococcoides group (comprising Dehalococcoides ethenogenes andDehalococcoides sp. strain FL2) and the acetate-oxidizing, PCE-dechlorinating Desulfuromonas group (comprisingDesulfuromonas sp. strain BB1 and Desulfuromonas chloroethenica) were designed. The detection threshold of a nested PCR approach using universal bacterial primers followed by a second PCR with the Desulfuromonas dechlorinator-targeted primer pair was 1 × 103 BB1 cells added per gram (wet weight) of sandy aquifer material. Total community DNA isolated from sediments of three Michigan rivers and six different chloroethene-contaminated aquifer samples was used as template in nested PCR. All river sediment samples yielded positive signals with the BB1- and the Dehalococcoides-targeted primers. One chloroethene-contaminated aquifer tested positive with theDehalococcoides-targeted primers, and another contaminated aquifer tested positive with the Desulfuromonasdechlorinator-targeted primer pair. Restriction fragment analysis of the amplicons could discriminate strain BB1 from other knownDesulfuromonas species. Microcosm studies confirmed the presence of PCE-dechlorinating, acetate-oxidizingDesulfuromonas and hydrogenotrophicDehalococcoides species in samples yielding positive PCR signals with the specific primers.

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Whitby, Paul W., Karen B. Carter, Kenneth L. Hatter, John J. LiPuma, and Terrence L. Stull. "Identification of Members of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex by Species-Specific PCR." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 8 (2000): 2962–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.8.2962-2965.2000.

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Definitive identification of the species in the Burkholderia cepacia complex by routine clinical microbiology methods is difficult. Phenotypic tests to identify B. multivorans andB. vietnamiensis have been established; more recent work indicates B. stabilis may also be identified by growth characteristics and biochemical tests. However, attempts to identify genomovars I and III have, thus far, proved unsuccessful. Previously, we demonstrated the utility of two primer pairs, directed to the rRNA operon, to specifically identify the B. cepacia complex in a PCR. One of these primer pairs, G1-G2, only amplified a DNA fragment from genomovars I and III and B. stabilis in a PCR with genomic DNA isolated from prototypical strains representing the five genomovars. Sequence analysis of the rRNA operon for all the genomovars indicated that this primer pair targeted a region shared by these isolates. Further analysis revealed a region of heterogeneity between genomovar III and B. stabilis internal to the amplified product of G1-G2. Primers designed to target this region were tested with prototypical strains following an initial amplification with the G1-G2 primer pair. New primers specific for the prototypical genomovar III and B. stabilis were designated SPR3 and SPR4, respectively. Analysis of 93 isolates representing 18 genomovar I, 13B. multivorans, 36 genomovar III, 11 B. stabilis, and 15 B. vietnamiensis isolates was performed. DNA from all isolates of genomovars I and III and B. stabilis was amplified by G1-G2. Genomovar III isolates yielded a product with SPR3/G1 while B. stabilis amplified with SPR4-G1. Genomovar I isolates were amplified by either SPR3-G1 or SPR4-G1, but not both. B. multivorans yielded a product with SPR3-G1 but not G1-G2, and B. vietnamiensis isolates were negative in all PCRs. Thus using an algorithm with G1-G2, SPR3-G1, and SPR4-G1 primers in a PCR analysis, genomovar III isolates can be separated from B. stabilis and the identity of B. multivorans and B. vietnamiensis can be confirmed.

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Kikuchi, Eisaku, Yukiko Miyamoto, Seiko Narushima, and Kikuji Itoh. "Design of Species-Specific Primers to Identify 13 Species ofClostridiumHarbored in Human Intestinal Tracts." Microbiology and Immunology 46, no. 5 (May 2002): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.2002.tb02706.x.

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Stewart, Lucy C., Roddy J. Hale, and Marie L. Hale. "Species-specific primers for the molecular identification of cryptic Bombus species in New Zealand." Conservation Genetics 11, no. 3 (April 10, 2009): 1207–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-009-9920-2.

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Arriaga, José Miguel, Noah D. Cohen, James N. Derr, M. Keith Chaffin, and Ronald J. Martens. "Detection of Rhodococcus Equi by Polymerase Chain Reaction Using Species-Specific Nonproprietary Primers." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 14, no. 4 (July 2002): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870201400416.

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Species-specific primers for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of Rhodococcus equi were developed. These primers were based on unique DNA fragments produced from R. equi reference strains and field isolates. Following random amplification of polymorphic DNA from R. equi and R. rhodochrous with a set of 40 arbitrary 10–base pair (bp) primers, a pair of species-specific primers was designed to detect a unique 700-bp fragment of R. equi chromosomal DNA. This PCR product was limited to R. equi and was not detectable in other Rhodococcus species or in a panel of additional gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

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34

Kong, Fanrong, Gregory James, Susanna Gordon, Anna Zelynski, and Gwendolyn L. Gilbert. "Species-Specific PCR for Identification of Common Contaminant Mollicutes in Cell Culture." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): 3195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.7.3195-3200.2001.

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ABSTRACT Mycoplasma arginini, M. fermentans, M. hyorhinis, M. orale, and Acholeplasma laidlawii are the members of the class Mollicutes most commonly found in contaminated cell cultures. Previous studies have shown that the published PCR primer pairs designed to detect mollicutes in cell cultures are not entirely specific. The 16S rRNA gene, the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region, and the 5′ end of the 23S rRNA gene, as a whole, are promising targets for design of mollicute species-specific primer pairs. We analyzed the 16S rRNA genes, the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions, and the 5′ end of the 23S rRNA genes of these mollicutes and developed PCR methods for species identification based on these regions. Using high melting temperatures, we developed a rapid-cycle PCR for detection and identification of contaminant mollicutes. Previously published, putative mollicute-specific primers amplified DNA from 73 contaminated cell lines, but the presence of mollicutes was confirmed by species-specific PCR in only 60. Sequences of the remaining 13 amplicons were identified as those of gram-positive bacterial species. Species-specific PCR primers are needed to confirm the presence of mollicutes in specimens and for identification, if required.

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Misonne, Marie-Christine, and Philippe Pierre Hoet. "Species-Specific Plasmid Sequences for PCR Identification of the Three Species of Borrelia burgdorferiSensu Lato Involved in Lyme Disease." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, no. 1 (1998): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.1.269-272.1998.

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Species-specific sequences were shown to be carried by plasmids of the three main species of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato involved in Lyme disease. Libraries of the 16-, 33-, and 25-kb plasmids of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii, and Borrelia afzelii, respectively, were then built and used to isolate species-specific sequences. After sequencing of the cloned inserts, three sets of primers were designed. They were shown to determine species-specific PCR amplification products. The sensitivities of the PCR assay with these primers were 100 spirochetes for B. burgdorferi sensu stricto and 1,000 spirochetes for B. garinii and B. afzelii. The usefulness of these primers for the identification of species in biological samples (tick, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid samples) was ascertained.

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Townsend, Kirsty M., Alan J. Frost, Chiang W. Lee, John M. Papadimitriou, and Hugh J. S. Dawkins. "Development of PCR Assays for Species- and Type-Specific Identification of Pasteurella multocidaIsolates." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, no. 4 (1998): 1096–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.4.1096-1100.1998.

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Genomic subtractive hybridization of closely relatedPasteurella multocida isolates has generated clones useful in distinguishing hemorrhagic septicemia-causing type B strains from other P. multocida serotypes. Oligonucleotide primers designed during the sequencing of these clones have proved valuable in the development of PCR assays for rapid species- and type-specific detection of P. multocida and of type B:2 in particular. This study demonstrated that the primer pair designed from the sequence of the clone 6b (KTT72 and KTSP61) specifically amplified a DNA fragment from types B:2, B:5, and B:2,5P. multocida and that the primers KMT1T7 and KMT1SP6 produced an amplification product unique to all P. multocida isolates analyzed. It was also shown that PCR amplification performed directly on bacterial colonies or cultures represents an extremely rapid, sensitive method of P. multocida identification.

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Ciesielska, Anita, and Paweł Stączek. "A new molecular marker for species-specific identification of Microsporum canis." Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 51, no. 4 (July 21, 2020): 1505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42770-020-00340-y.

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AbstractSpecies identification of dermatophytes by conventional mycological methods based on macro- and microscopy analysis is time-consuming and has a lot of limitations such as slow fungal growth or low specificity. Thus, there is a need for the development of molecular methods that would provide reliable and prompt identification of this group of medically important fungi. The are many reports in the literature concerning PCR identification of dermatophyte species, but still, there are not many PCR assays for the separate detection of members of the genera Microsporum, especially Microsporum canis (zoophilic species) and Microsporum audouinii (anthropophilic species). The correct distinction of these species is important to determine the source of infection to implement the appropriate action to eliminate the path of infection transmission. In this paper, we present such a PCR-based method targeting velB gene that uses a set of two primers—Mc-VelB-F (5′-CTTCCCCACCCGCAACATC-3′) and Mc-VelB-R (5′-TGTGGCTGCACCTGAGAGTGG-3′). The amplified fragment is specific due to the presence of (CAGCAC)8 microsatellite sequence only in the velB gene of M. canis. DNA from 153 fungal samples was used in PCR assay followed by electrophoretic analysis. The specificity of the designed set of primers was also confirmed using the online BLAST-Primer tool. The positive results were observed only in the case of M. canis isolates, and no positive results were obtained neither for other dermatophytes and non-dermatophyte fungi nor for other Eukaryotes, including the human genome sequence, as well as the representatives of bacterial and viral taxa. The developed PCR assay using the proposed Mc-VelB-F and Mc-velB-R primers can be included in the algorithm of M. canis detection in animals and humans.

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Kageyama, K., A. Ohyama, and M. Hyakumachi. "Detection of Pythium ultimum Using Polymerase Chain Reaction with Species-Specific Primers." Plant Disease 81, no. 10 (October 1997): 1155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.10.1155.

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This study was conducted to sequence the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of Pythium ultimum and Pythium group HS, design species-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and detect P. ultimum from diseased seedlings using PCR. The sequence of the ITS region of P. ultimum was identical with that of Pythium group HS. The results support the reports that the HS group is an asexual strain of P. ultimum. Using PCR, the primer pair K1+K3, designed on portions of the sequence of the ITS region, amplified isolates of P. ultimum and the HS group but not isolates of 20 other Pythium species. DNA extracts from damped-off seedlings were not amplified, but a 10-fold dilution of the extracts with Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer diluted the inhibitors and allowed PCR amplification. The primer pair used detected P. ultimum from a single diseased seedling.

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Kim, Mun-Ok, Gi-Young Kim, Byung-Hyouk Nam, Cheng-Yun Jin, Ki-Won Lee, Jae-Min Park, Sang-Joon Lee, and Jae-Dong Lee. "Development of Species-specific Primers for Rapid Detection ofPhellinus linteusandP. baumii." Mycobiology 33, no. 2 (2005): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4489/myco.2005.33.2.104.

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40

Thenmozhi, Ramalingam, Kannan Balaji, Murugesan Kanagavel, and Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian. "Development of species-specific primers for detection ofStreptococcus pyogenesfrom throat swabs." FEMS Microbiology Letters 306, no. 2 (May 2010): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.01939.x.

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Wang, P. H., Y. T. Wang, and J. G. White. "Species-specific PCR primers for Pythium developed from ribosomal ITS1 region." Letters in Applied Microbiology 37, no. 2 (August 2003): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01353.x.

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42

La Fontaine, Sharon, John R. Egerton, and Julian I. Rood. "Detection of Dichelobacter nodosus using species-specific oligonucleotides as PCR primers." Veterinary Microbiology 35, no. 1-2 (May 1993): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1135(93)90119-r.

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Pheba, L. George, R. Sripathi Venkateswara, T. Nyaku Seloame, C. Sharma Govind, and V. Kantety Ramesh. "DNA-based identification of Lentinula edodes strains with species-specific primers." African Journal of Biotechnology 15, no. 7 (February 17, 2016): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajb2015.15089.

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Wrent, Petra, Eva-María Rivas, Elena Gil de Prado, José M. Peinado, and María-Isabel de Silóniz. "Development of species-specific primers for rapid identification of Debaryomyces hansenii." International Journal of Food Microbiology 193 (January 2015): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.10.011.

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Robbins, Robert, Allen Szalanski, and Chang-Hwan Bae. "Molecular identification of some Hoplolaimus species from the USA based on duplex PCR, multiplex PCR and PCR-RFLP analysis." Nematology 11, no. 3 (2009): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854109x447042.

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AbstractTwo different molecular approaches, a multiplex PCR and PCR-RFLP of ITS-rDNA, were developed for the identification of Hoplolaimus species. DNA sequences of H. columbus, H. galeatus, H. concaudajuvencus, H. magnistylus, H. seinhorsti and three undescribed Hoplolaimus species were used to design species-specific primers. Three reverse species-specific PCR primers for H. columbus, H. galeatus and H. magnistylus were developed using the ITS1 region exhibiting interspecific variation. Three species-specific PCR primers in combination with the forward primer, Hoc-1f, produced distinct amplicons of 580 bp for H. columbus, 120 bp for H. galeatus and 340 bp for H. magnistylus. We successfully identified each of three species by multiplex PCR when all three were mixed in a single PCR reaction. Restriction enzyme digests of the PCR amplicon using HaeIII and RsaI permitted discrimination of H. columbus, H. galeatus, H. magnistylus, H. concaudajuvencus, H. sp. 1, H. sp. 2 and H. sp. 3 from each other. These results suggest that these molecular techniques allow for rapid, easy and reliable identification of Hoplolaimus species.

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Župunski, Vesna, Radivoje Jevtić, Mirjana Lalošević, Sanja Mikić, and Branka Orbović. "The Applicability of Species- and Trichothecene-Specific Primers in Monitoring the Fusarium graminearum Species Complex and Its Impact on the Surveillance of Fusarium Head Blight in Winter Wheat in Serbia." Agronomy 11, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040778.

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Monitoring changes in the prevalence of Fusarium species and toxin production is an important tool for the integrated control of Fusarium head blight (FHB). However, methods for the high-throughput screening of Fusarium populations have been developed using isolates with limited geographic origins. In this study, we used species- and trichothecene-specific primers to monitor the F. graminearum species complex (FGSC) originating from Serbia. We also tested the applicability of the primers to the surveillance of FHB. We analyzed two hundred and ten isolates collected from thirty two locations and five winter wheat varieties over a three-year period. Using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), we investigated associations between Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK) and location, variety, members of the FGSC, and their predisposition for mycotoxin production. The results revealed that the species-specific primers were not specific for 11% of the F. graminearum population. The primer sets were 98.5%, 95.2%, and 92.4% effective in the multilocus genotyping of Tri7, Tri3, and Tri5 genes, respectively. We found that individual wheat varieties were associated with isolates that could not be characterized using species- and trichothecene-specific primers. Alternaria spp. had a significant influence (p < 0.001) on grain infection with F. graminearum, indicating the necessity to further investigate its impact on the pathogenesis of the F. graminearum clade.

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Xu, WanHong, Mike C. McDonough, and Dean D. Erdman. "Species-Specific Identification of Human Adenoviruses by a Multiplex PCR Assay." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 11 (2000): 4114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.11.4114-4120.2000.

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A multiplex PCR assay was developed by using primers to the fiber gene that could differentiate human adenovirus (Ad) species A through F in a single amplification reaction. The assay correctly identified the species of all 49 recognized Ad prototype strains as well as 180 geographically and temporally diverse Ad field isolates. Ad serotype 6 (Ad6) (species C), Ad16 (species B), Ad31 (species A), and Ad40 and Ad41 (species F) could also be distinguished by amplicon size within each respective species. In comparison, a previously described Ad species-specific multiplex PCR assay that used primers to the Ad hexon gene gave equivocal results with several serotypes of species B, whereas our multiplex assay amplified all species B serotypes equally well. Our multiplex PCR assay will permit rapid, accurate, and cost-effective classification of Ad isolates.

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48

Kusnadi, Joni, Kevin Hohn Hernandi, Khotibul Umam Al-Awwaly, Estri Laras Arumingtyas, Hilda Maghfirotu Hakiki, and Nur Istianah. "Design and Performance Test of Specific Primers to Detect Bovine DNA Fragments using Multiplex PCR Technique for Halal Authentification." Indonesian Journal of Halal Research 4, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/ijhar.v4i2.15573.

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Adulterating meat products with several species, including non-halal species, is often found in commercial products. Therefore, non-halal ingredients are a major source of concern for Muslims. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with multiple primers can detect contamination of meat components from non-halal species in a single reaction process, making it more effective and efficient. Multiplex PCR is a PCR technique that uses multiple primers and DNA samples in one reaction to amplify multiple target regions. In this study, a pair of species-specific primers encoding the Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (CO1) gene were designed to amplify bovine DNA, tested for specificity, and applied in multiplex PCR technique together with D-loop primers for pigs, Cyt-b for rats, and 12S rRNA for dogs. The CO1 primers, along with D-loop primers for porcine, Cyt-b primers for rats, and 12S rRNA primers for dogs, can be used to detect specific bovine DNA with a size of 279 bp and sequence similarity of 96%.

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PENTIMALLI, DANIELA, NICOLETTE PEGELS, TERESA GARCÍA, ROSARIO MARTÍN, and ISABEL GONZÁLEZ. "Specific PCR Detection of Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, Arcobacter skirrowii, and Arcobacter cibarius in Chicken Meat." Journal of Food Protection 72, no. 7 (July 1, 2009): 1491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-72.7.1491.

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An enrichment PCR assay using species-specific primers was developed for the detection of Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, Arcobacter skirrowii, and Arcobacter cibarius in chicken meat. Primers for A. cryaerophilus, A. skirrowii, and A. cibarius were designed based on the gyrA gene to amplify nucleic acid fragments of 212, 257, and 145 bp, respectively. The A. butzleri–specific primers were designed flanking a 203-bp DNA fragment in the 16S rRNA gene. The specificity of the four primer pairs was assessed by PCR analysis of DNA from a panel of Arcobacter species, related Campylobacter, Helicobacter species, and other food bacteria. The applicability of the method was then validated by testing 42 fresh retail-purchased chicken samples in the PCR assay. An 18-h selective preenrichment step followed by PCR amplification with the four Arcobacter primer sets revealed the presence of Arcobacter spp. in 85.7% of the retail chicken samples analyzed. A. butzleri was the only species present in 50% of the samples, and 35.7% of the samples were positive for both A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus. A. skirrowii and A. cibarius were not detected in any of the chicken samples analyzed. The enrichment PCR assay developed is a specific and rapid alternative for the survey of Arcobacter contamination in meat.

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Ferchichi, M., R. Valcheva, H. Prévost, B. Onno, and X. Dousset. "Rapid identification of Lactobacillus nantensis, Lactobacillus spicheri and Lactobacillus hammesii species using species-specific primers." International Journal of Food Microbiology 123, no. 3 (April 2008): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.02.014.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Species specific primers'

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