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1
Keimeso, Zeleke, and Demissew Abakemal. "Combining Ability of Highland Adapted Maize (Zea Mays. L) Inbred Lines For Desirable Agronomic Traits Under Optimum and Low Nitrogen Conditions." Journal of Science and Sustainable Development 8, no. 1 (2020): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.20372/au.jssd.8.1.2020.0138.
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Low soil nitrogen is among the most important abiotic stresses limiting maize production in the highlands of Ethiopia. Information on hybrid performance and combining ability of maize inbred lines for grain yield and agronomic traits under low nitrogen stress is crucial to design appropriate breeding strategies for the development of enhanced maize cultivars. The objective of the present study was to estimate combining abilities of double haploid (DH) maize inbred lines for grain yield and related traits under optimum nitrogen and low nitrogen (N stress) condition. A total of 36 diallel crosses generated by crossing nine maize DH lines using half diallel mating scheme and four standard checks were studied for different desirable agronomic traits during 2017 cropping season at Ambo optimum nitrogen and Low nitrogen environments. The genotypes were evaluated in alpha lattice design replicated twice in both environments. Analyses of variances showed significant mean squares due to crosses for most traits studied. At optimum nitrogen condition, the highest grain yield was obtained from crosses L4 x L8 (9.57 t ha-1), L4 x L7 (8.67 t ha-1), L1 x L3 (8.36 t ha-1), L6 x L8 (8.27 t ha-1) and L3 x L4 (8.00 t ha-1), whereas at low nitrogen condition, L2 × L4 (6.74 t ha-1) and L4 × L8 (5.15 t ha-1) were crosses with higher grain yield values. Mean squares due to general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities were significant for most of the traits under both conditions. This indicates that both additive and non-additive gene actions are important in the inheritance of these traits. Relatively larger GCA over SCA variances were observed in the current study for most studied traits revealing the predominance of additive gene action in controlling these traits. L3 and L8 were found as good combiners for grain yield at optimum N environment, whereas L2, L4 and L7 were good general combiners under low N stress condition. L4 and L8 were good combiners for grain yield in combine analysis across environments and hence were promising parents for hybrid cultivars development. Based on SCA effects, L1×L5, and L4×L7 were identified as promising hybrids for majority of traits studied in combined analysis across environments.
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Ravi, Kumar, Kumar Randhir, Kumar Amit, Kumar Sinha Saksham, and Kumari Preeti. "General and Specific Combining Ability for Nine Morphologic Characters in Round Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)." British Journal of Applied Science & Technology 21, no. 2 (2017): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJAST/2017/33727.
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A study was undertaken to estimate general and specific combining in brinjal through diallel analysis involving 6 parents. The combining ability analysis revealed highly significant differences among the treatments for all the parameters studied except days to 50% flowering and number of primary branches per plant. The genotype SBRB-6/12 was found best general combiner for number of fruit per plant and yield per plant. The top three crosses (SBRB-3/12 x SBRB-2/12, SBRB-6/12 x SBRB-3/12 and KS-224 x Swarna Mani) with high per se performance have exhibited high sca effects for yield. Both additive and non-additive gene actions were operating for all the characters except days to 50% flowering, fruit diameter and number of primary branches/plant. Therefore, the general combiner can be exploited for the creation of varieties lines, and the presence of specific combining in the hybrids.
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K.S, PARAMASIVAN. "COMBINING ABILITY IN RICE." Madras Agricultural Journal 77, september December (1990): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a01989.
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In rice, the variances of specific combining ability were higher than general combining ability for plant height, panicle length and grain yield per plant which indicated non additive gene action. The genotypes ADT 31 and Utrirajappan were found to be good general combiners for grain yield and their cross involving these two parents showed high sca effects.
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K., Ramya Harika, P. Mangammal, P. S. Devanand, et al. "Evaluation of the Combining Ability in Mulberry (Morus spp.)." Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 27, no. 9 (2024): 758–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2024/v27i91349.
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The research aimed to comprehend the patterns of gene action influencing the inheritance and expression of quantitative features in mulberry by studying combing ability. Four parents viz., V1, G4, MR2 and S36 were used in mating design. Estimates of SCA depicted that crosses V1 × G4 (shoot diameter and chlorophyll - b) and it’s reciprocal cross G4 × V1 (chlorophyll – a, total chlorophyll) showed high significant SCA effects. V1 × MR2 for shoot diameter and lowest positive SCA for internodal distance. Overall, the crosses with the highest SCA values for specific traits consistently involved V1 as one of the parents. This observation highlights that V1, which possesses the best general combining ability (GCA) effect, contributes significantly to the high SCA observed in these crosses for the traits studied. V1 and MR2 were the best general combiners, with high GCA for growth traits. Crosses G4×V1 and V1×G4 demonstrated positive SCA effects for most traits followed by S36 × V1 and MR2 × V1. Notably, SCA variance was greater than GCA variance for most traits, indicating the dominance of non-additive gene effects.
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Williams-Alanís, Héctor, Ulises Aranda, Gerardo Árcos Cavazos, et al. "Line x tester analysis to estimate combining ability in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.)." Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias UNCuyo 54, no. 2 (2022): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.48162/rev.39.078.
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Sorghum in Mexico ranks third in grain production. This study aimed to estimate general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) for commercial and experimental sorghum grain parents and hybrids. The combining ability was estimated using the line x tester method described by Kempthorne. The experiment was established during the spring-summer 2018 cycle at INIFAP, Las Huastecas, México. It consisted of five lines, eight testers and 40 hybrids; in a randomized block design with three replications. The ANOVA showed highly significant differences for lines, testers, and line x testers, suggesting the existence of a broad base of genetic variability. GCA and SCA differences were statistically significant for grain yield, specific grain weight and plant height, indicating additive gene relevance, dominance and epistasis. For grain yield, the experimental lines: RB214A, RB225A and RB248A, and the testers RB133 and RB221, resulted significantly higher in GCA and superior to commercial RB225A line and RTx430 and RTx437 testers. Seventeen experimental hybrids were found to have significantly higher in SCA and were superior to INIFAP commercial hybrids. Highlights The combining ability was estimated using the line x tester method in grain sorghum; General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) were important for grain yield, grain specific weight and plant height. GCA and SCA differences were statistically significant for grain yield, specific grain weight and plant height, in grain sorghum, indicating additive gene relevance, dominance and epistasis.
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Nantale, Gauden, Peter Wasswa, Muhumuza Edgar, Tusiime Richard, Pamela Paparu, and Isaac Onziga Dramadri. "Combining Ability of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) Genotypes for Resistance to Cowpea Bacterial Blight in Uganda." American Journal of Agricultural Science, Engineering, and Technology 7, no. 1 (2023): 21–28. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v7i1.1174.
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The low productivity of cowpea is partly attributed to a number of constraints including diseases such as cowpea bacterial blight (CoBB). Cowpea bacterial blight has the capacity to cause up to 92% yield loss under severe infections. The objective of this study was to determine the combining ability for resistance to CoBB among cowpea genotypes in Uganda. Nine selected parents were crossed to produce 63 progenies. F1 progenies were evaluated and data gathered included days to 50% flowering, CoBB disease scores and grain yield. The mean squares for rAUDPC due to GCA and SCA effects were significant (P≤0.001) and non-significant respectively. The broad sense coefficient of genetic determination (BCGD) and narrow sense coefficient of genetic determination (NCGD) were 44.3% and 29.1% respectively for rAUDPC. Parents WC 26 (-0.023) and NE 31 (-0.035) had highly significant negative GCA effects for rAUDPC and were therefore good general combiners for this trait. Crosses SECOW 3B x ACC 26 X SECOW 1T and WC 26 x NE 32 had negative significant SCA effect for rAUDPC with a values of -0.073 and -0.06, respectively while Crosses ACC 26 x SECOW 1T x NE 40 (-0.07) and NE 40 x WC 26 (-0.06) had significant negative reciprocal effects for rAUDPC. This study revealed that genetic inheritance for cowpea bacterial blight was controlled predominantly by additive gene effects. Parents WC 26 and NE 31 identified as good general combiners for resistance to CoBB could be utilized as sources of resistance while Crosses SECOW 3B x ACC 26 X SECOW 1T, WC 26 x NE 32, ACC 26 X SECOW 1T x NE 40 and NE 40 x WC 26 that were the best specific combiners for resistance to CoBB could be put under further evaluation as potential varieties.
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Farwah, Syeda, Baseerat Afroza, Zahoor A. Dar, et al. "Combining Ability Studies for Maturity, Growth, Yield and Quality Traits in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 30, no. 4 (2024): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i41889.
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A study was conducted at Vegetable Research Farm, Vegetable Science Division, SKUAST- Kashmir, Shalimar, India to determine the general and specific combining abilities for maturity, growth, yield and quality traits in tomato by crossing 12 parents in a diallel Method II and Model I of Griffing mating design during Kharif season 2020. The F1 progenies of the sixty-six crosses (excluding reciprocals) were evaluated along with the twelve parents in Randomized Block Design during Kharif season 2021 at three locations. The observations were recorded on eighteen diverse traits. The analysis of variance for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) revealed significant mean squares due to GCA and SCA for all the traits under consideration. The mean squares due to GCA × environments and SCA × environments were found significant for most of the characters. None of the parents possessed significant and desirable GCA for all the traits. Different parents were found to reveal desirable general combining ability for different traits. Similarly, none of the crosses possessed significant and desirable specific combining ability for all the traits. However, different crosses were found to reveal desirable SCA for different traits.
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Nagar, Arvind, Amish K. Sureja, Chithra Pandey, et al. "Effects of Different Treatments on Seed Germination and Breaking Seed Dormancy in Wild Luffa Species." Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 36, no. 03 (2023): 429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.61949/0976-1926.2023.v36i03.12.
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Comprehending general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) is pivotal in maize breeding for successful hybrid development. GCA signifies the overall genetic worth of a parent, while SCA demonstrates unique interactions between parents. In instances where GCA variances surpass SCA variances, early assessments become more effective, enabling the anticipation of superior hybrids based on parental GCA impacts. Assessing the combining ability of maize becomes increasingly crucial with escalating temperatures, which can adversely affect maize growth and crop yield. Research conducted in Prayagraj involved utilizing 7x7 half diallel crosses of maize initially developed during the Rabi 2022 season, followed by their subsequent planting in a randomized block design (RBD) during spring 2023. The primary aim of the study was to evaluate the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects exhibited by the parents and hybrids, respectively, in order to identify superior-performing parents and hybrids among them. The results showcased strong positive GCA in MILCT-145F (P7) and MILC-2050 (P6), while specific heat-tolerant hybrids, such as P7xP1, P6xP2 exhibited outstanding performance in grain yield and other associated traits.
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Darshini, T. K., and Mahesh S. Pujar. "Combining ability for yield and yield components in okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 18, no. 1 (2022): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/18.1/359-365.
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Combining ability analysis was carried out for fruit yield and its components in okra. Both general a combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances were highly significant for almost all the characters indicating the importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions. Parents and F1 hybrids differed significantly for general combining ability and specific combining ability effects for all the characters respectively.The highest GCA effect for total fruit yield per plant recorded in Punjab Padmini.The highest significant positive SCA effect was observed in the cross VRU-109 x Arka Anamika. Among the parents Punjab Padmini, VRU-109, VarshaUpahar proved to be the good general combiner and VRU-109 x Arka Anamika was the good specific combiner for most of the yield and yield attributing traits followed by Punjab Padmini x ZARS.
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SIMSEK, Serap, and Aydin UNAY. "COMBINING ABILITY OF WATERLOGGING TOLERANCE IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)." Journal of Applied Life Sciences and Environment 55, no. 1(189) (2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.46909/alse-22189(1)41.
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The mean performance and combining abilities of cross combinations derived from a complete diallel mating and their parents were evaluated under waterlogging conditions. Analysis of variance for combining abilities indicated significant GCA (general combining ability) and SCA (specific combining ability) for single spike yield, SPAD (soil plant analysis development) and leaf area; GCA for NDVI (normalised differences vegetation index) and SCA for Fe and Mn contents in roots and membrane thermal stability. The parents Stendal, Beşköprü and Pamukova 97 were the best combiners in terms of waterlogging tolerance, while Beşköprü × Pamukova 97, Pamukova 97 × Beşköprü, Stendal × Pamukova 97, Stendal × Beşköprü and Beşköprü × Hanlı were identified as the best cross combinations, with high positive specific combining ability effects for most waterlogging related characters.
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Rind, Raza Ali, Shabana Memon, Wajid Ali Jatoi, and Muhammad Rafeque Rind. "General Combining Ability and Specific Combining Ability Analysis for Terminal Heat Tolerance in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)." Journal of Applied Research in Plant Sciences 4, no. 02 (2023): 211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.38211/joarps.2023.04.02.187.
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Developing bread wheat genotypes for terminal heat tolerance is a critical objective for future breeding approaches. The line x tester mating analysis is one of the best approaches to demonstrate the appropriateness of the bread wheat genotypes for selection programs. For this purpose, nine genotypes viz. T.J-83, NIA Sarrang, Khirman, SKD-1, Sehar-2006, Sarsabaz, AS-2002, NIA-Amber, and Nifa Barsat were used in this research. The experiment was planned in a factorial design with two treatments (normal and heat stress) at Botanical Garden Farm, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, during 2019-2020. The results depicted that at terminal heat stress, the genotypes were significantly affected by yield and physiological traits at late sowing. During the initial screening, the female parents, T.J-83, Sarsabaz, and Nifa Barsat executed very well under heat stress conditions for nearly all the yield and morphological traits. Similarly,the male parents such as Khirman and SKD-1 also performed well under heat stress conditions for all traits compare to the female parents. Furthermore, through genetic analysis, the mean effects of General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) were significant for all the characters signifying that additive and non-additive variances are important. Further, in heat-stress environments, the GCA was dominant for most characters in contrast to SCA variations. Hence, in this study, under both normal and heat stress conditions, Khirman and SKD-1 proved to be better general combiners for various characters. Therefore, these genotypes are recommended as vigor parents for hybridization and selection programs as emerging terminal heat stress tolerant genotypes.
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Aditya, J. P., and Anuradha Bhartiya. "Estimation of combining ability for yield and yield component traits in upland rice (Oryza Sativa L.) of Uttarakhand hills." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 1 (2017): 406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i1.1204.
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Combining ability for grain yield and its component characters in rainfed upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) were studied during Kharif 2014 using half diallel involving ten parents viz., VL Dhan 221, Vivek Dhan 154, VL 30240, VL 7620, VL 30560, VL 8116, VL 8549, VL 8724, VL 8732 and Sukradhan1. Both general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) variances were found to be highly significant for the characters viz., plant height (gca=85.42; sca=23.12), days to 50% flowering (gca=101.61; sca=42.61), days to maturity (gca=90.37; sca=37.73), tillers per plant (gca=4.63; sca=1.38), panicle per plant (gca=2.36; sca=0.90),kernel length (gca=28.88; sca=23.61), kernel width (gca=1.64; sca=1.92),1000 grain weight (gca=3.60; sca=4.91), grain yield per plot (gca=8.57; sca=3.03), fertile grains per panicle (gca=690.67; sca=300.95) and grains per panicle (gca=1050.58; sca=437.75) indicating the importance of additive and non-additive gene actions in the expression of these traits. However, predominance of non-additive gene action was recorded for all the characters. Parents VL Dhan 221, VL 7620, VL 30560, Sukradhan 1 were good general combiners for grain yield and related characters. VL Dhan 221 and Vivek Dhan 154 were good general combiners for plant height and earliness. On the basis of specific combining ability effects, cross combinations Vivek Dhan 154 x VL 8549, VL 7620 x VL 30560, VL 8549 x VL 8732, VL 30560 x VL 8116 and VL 30240 x VL 8116 were the best specific combiner for grain yield per plot and other associated characters viz., plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, kernel length and kernal width.
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Kumar, Pardeep, Ningthai Longmei, B. S. Jat, et al. "Heterotic grouping of Indian baby corn lines based on combining ability." Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (The) 82, no. 02 (2022): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.4.
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The present study involved estimating the combining ability effects and heterotic grouping to increase the efficacy of parental selection for successful hybrid development. A total of 52 F1 hybrids were generated by Line × Tester mating design by crossing 26 diverse maize inbred lines with two testers, namely, HKI 323 and HKI 1105. The 26 baby corn inbred lines were classified into a different heterotic group based on the specific combining ability (SCA) effects and heterotic groups specific and general combining ability (HSGCA). The SCA effects and HSGCA of baby corn yield without husk (BCY) classified the inbred lines into five and four groups, respectively. This is the first study of heterotic’s grouping for baby corn germplasm considering BCY based on SCA and HSGCA methods. The information generated through heterotic grouping may be used to derive new inbred lines and develop different heterotic combinations for further utilization in breeding programs.
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Raihan, M. S., and M. A. Newaz. "COMBINING ABILITY FOR QUANTITATIVE ATTRIBUTES IN LABLAB BEAN (Lablab purpureus L.)." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics 21, no. 1 (2008): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v21i1.17046.
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General (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability for ten quantitative characters of seven parental genotypes and 21 F1s derived from a 7x7 diallel cross without reciprocal was assessed. Combining ability analysis following Griffing,s approaches suggested the association of both additive and non-additive gene action in the genetic system with the preponderance of additive gene effect in the expression of all the traits except number of inflorescences per plant. The non-additive genetic component was exclusive or predominant for inflorescence per plant. Ranking of the parents for ten characters on GCA performance indicated that the parental genotype DS-7 was the best general combiner for pollen sterility percent, 10-green pod weight, 20-seed weight and the genotype DS-27 for the trait pod yield per plant. The estimates of SCA effect revealed that in most of the cases, combinations of high x low or even low x low exhibited high SCA effect for many characters rather than high x high cross combinations indicating the importance of gene interaction. Based on SCA performances the crosses S12 x S11 and DS-164 x DS-27 were the best specific combiners for days to 1st flowering. The crosses DS-164 x S12, DS-52 x S11, DS-164 x DS-9(t) were the best specific combinations for pollen sterility percent, pod length, and pod yield per plant respectively.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v21i1.17046
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Harika, K. R., S. Susikaran, P. Tejasree, et al. "Diallel analysis of growth trait inheritance in mulberry (Morus sp.)." Journal of Environmental Biology 46, no. 3 (2025): 365–72. https://doi.org/10.22438/jeb/46/3/mrn-5518.
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Aim: To assess the combining abilities of four mulberry genotypes to identify genetic variations that can enhance growth traits and improve hybridization outcomes. Ultimately, the study aims to optimize parental selection for better production in mulberry and bringing advancements in mulberry breeding. Methodology: Griffing approach of full diallel mating design (Model 1 and Method 1) was used where parents, F1 hybrids and F1 hybrids reciprocals were included. Results: V1 and MR2 excelled in general combining ability (GCA) for growth traits. Positive specific combining effects (SCA) were observed in V1×G4 and G4×V1 crosses. Higher specific combing ability variance and significant reciprocal combing ability (RCA) indicate strong non-additive gene action and maternal inheritance. Interpretation: The study highlights V1 and MR2 as superior combiners with high positive GCA, emphasizing the importance of parent interactions. Non-additive gene action, indicated by higher SCA variance, suggests focusing on these interactions for breeding. The crosses V1×G4 and G4×V1 showed strong SCA effects, offering promise for improving growth and mulberry productivity in sericulture. Key words: Additive gene effect analysis, Diallel, Growth traits, Mulberry genotypes, Non- additive gene effect
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Uddin, M. S., M. Amiruzzaman, S. A. Bagum, M. A. Hakim, and M. R. Ali. "COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics 21, no. 1 (2008): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v21i1.17045.
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A line × tester analysis was conducted in maize involving 12 lines and 3 testers for grain yield and its components to determine the heterosis as well as general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects. Highly significant genotypic differences were observed indicated wide range of variability present among the genotypes. GCA and SCA variance for yield per plant number of kernels per row and 100-kernels weight were observed significant, which indicated importance of additive as type of gene action for these characters. The ratio of SCA and GCA variances were high for the all character studied that revealed the preponderance of non additive type of gene action. Standard heterosis ranged from -28.29 to 28.41%; -12.29 to 24.38%; -1.11 to 24.44%; -14.75 to 6.67%; -17.24 to 11.26% and -10.94 to 20.83% for grain yield per plant, number of grains per row, number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter and 100-kernel weight, respectively. The lines IPB 911-16, IPB 911-12, IPB 911-2, IPB 911-18 and IPB 911-47 showed significant positive GCA effect and simultaneously possessed high mean value indicating that the per se performance of the parents could prove as an useful index for combining ability. The crosses exhibited significant SCA effects involved high x high, high x low, low x high, average x low and low x low general combining parents. The cross combinations with significant positive SCA effect having high mean values might be used for obtaining high yielding hybrids. The information on the nature of gene action with respective variety and characters might be used depending on the breeding objectives.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v21i1.17045
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ZHANG, X. G., R. S. JESSOP, and F. ELLISON. "Combining ability for aluminium tolerance in triticale." Journal of Agricultural Science 133, no. 4 (1999): 371–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859699007194.
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Root re-growth, following aluminium (Al) stress, has been used as an indicator of Al stress tolerance. Genetic variation in root re-growth characteristics among eight triticale genotypes was investigated by a diallel analysis. Highly significant variation due to both general combining ability (GCA) effects and specific combining ability (SCA) effects indicated that both additive effects and non-additive effects were important in explaining the genetic variation for Al tolerance. The high estimates of heritability and the predictability ratio for root re-growth revealed the preponderance of additive genetic variance in the inheritance of Al tolerance. Differences in patterns of GCA effects and SCA effects among the parents provided strong evidence that the genetic control of variation for Al tolerance as assessed by root re-growth was a complex polygenic system. Three Al-tolerant genotypes, Tahara, Abacus, and 19th ITSN 70–4, were found to be the best general combiners for larger root re-growth, and they could be used in hybridization programmes to improve Al stress tolerance by following a simple pedigree method of selective breeding.
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C, Thangamani, and Pugalendhi L. "Combining Ability Studies in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)." Madras Agricultural Journal 100, March (2013): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.001228.
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An experiment was under taken to study the combining ability analysis using ten parental lines and their F1 hybrids of bitter gourd through full diallel analysis for yield and its contributing characters. The mean squares due to GCA (General Combining ability) and SCA (Specific Combining Ability) were significant for all the characters. The ratio of σ2g/σ2s was lesser than one for the characters viz., yield of fruits per vine, ascorbic acid content and iron content thereby indicating preponderance of non- additive (dominance) variance in expression of these traits. The parents CO-1 and Preethi were the best general combiners as it showed desirable GCA effects in favourable direction for most of the traits. The highest SCA effects observed in MC-105 x MC-10 for total fruit yield per plant and number of fruits per plant and for iron content, days to first female flower appearance and days to first harvest, Preethi x MC-30 showed desirable SCA effects in favourable direction. The best general combiners and desirable cross combinations may be further used in the breeding programme for bitter gourd crop improvement.
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C, INDU RANI, VEERARAGAVATHATHAM D, and MUTHUVEL L. "Combining ability analysis in certain okra hybrids (Abelmoschus esculentus (l) Moench) and Parents." Madras Agricultural Journal 89, December (2002): 608–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00271.
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The general combining ability of four parents and specific combing ability of six direct crosses were estimated through combining ability analysis for yield and eleven other related traits in okra using a half diallel analysis. The ratio of gea to sca suggested the preponderance of non-additive gene action for inheritance of all the characters. The significant sca of the crosses were due to combinations of high x high, high x low, low x low gea of parents for individual fruit weight, plant height at final harvest, number of branches per plant and yield/ plant indicating additive x additive, additive x dominant and dominant x dominant types of interactions. The parent Varsha Uphar was adjudged as best general combiner and the hybrids MF-3 x Varsha Upphar, MF-3 x Anamika and Varsha Uphar x Arka Anamika were adjudged as the best specific combiners.
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López-Sesé, Ana I., and Jack Staub. "Combining Ability Analysis of Yield Components in Cucumber." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 127, no. 6 (2002): 931–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.127.6.931.
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Three U.S.-adapted Cucumis sativus var. sativus L. lines and one C. sativus var. hardwickii (R.) Alef.-derived line were crossed in a half-diallel design to determine their combining ability for several yield-related traits (yield components). Six F1 progenies were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with eight replications in 1999 and 2000 for fruit number and length/diameter ratio (L:D), lateral branch number, number of female flowering nodes, and days to anthesis. Combining ability was significantly influenced (p < 0.05) by year for most of the horticultural traits examined. General combining ability (GCA) was significant for all traits in each year. Specific combining ability (SCA) was significant in magnitude and direction for only fruit number and days to anthesis. Data indicate that the C. sativus var. hardwickii-derived inbred line WI 5551 possessed SCA for yield component traits, and thus maybe useful for improving fruit yield in commercial cucumber.
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K, BHADRA, and WILSON D. "Combining ability anallysis for biological nitrogen fixation traits under controlled conditions in greengram Vigna radiata (I.) Wilczek." Madras Agricultural Journal 88, December (2001): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00378.
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Combining ability analysis for different biological nitrogen fixation traits in greengram (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) was carried out under controlled conditions. Seven parental varieties and their F, hybrids were analysed for the estimation of combining ability and gene action under rhizobium inoculated, non-inoculated and absolute control situations. Analysis of variance revealed significant mean square due to general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca). The parents showed significant variation with respect to gca effect. The parent NDM- 88-14 is identified as the best parent having significant gca effect for all the biological nitrogen fixation traits. The hybrids showed sca effects at varying levels.
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Karim, ANMS, S. Ahmed, AH Akhi, MZA Talukder, and A. Karim. "Combining ability and heterosis studyin maize inbreds throughout diallel mating design." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 43, no. 4 (2018): 599–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v43i4.39158.
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Combining ability effects were estimated for grain yield and some other important agronomic traits of maize in a 7×7 diallel analysis excluding reciprocals. The variances for general combining ability (GCA) were found significant for yield, days to pollen shedding, days to silking and ear height while it was found non-significant for plant height and number of kernels/ear. Non-significant general combining ability (GCA) variance for plant height and number of kernels/ear indicates that these two traits were predominantly controlled by non- additive type of gene action. Specific combining ability (SCA) was significant for all the characters except yield and days to silking. Non-significant specific combining ability (SCA) variance for yield and days to silking suggests that these two traits were predominantly controlled by additive type of gene action. Both GCA and SCA variances were found significant only in days to pollen shedding and ear height indicated the presence of additive as well as non additive gene effects for controlling the traits. However, relative magnitude of these variances indicated that additive gene effects were more prominent for all the characters studied except days to silking. Parent BIL95 was the best general combiner for both high yield and number of kernels/ear and parent BML4 for dwarf plant type. Two crosses (BML4× BML36 and BIL114× BIL31) exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for grain yield involved low × average and average × average general combining parents. The range of heterosis expressed by different crosses for grain yield and days to silking was from -65.83 to 21.26 percent and -17.85 to 8.22 percent, respectively.. The better performing three crosses (BIL114×BIL31, BIL138×BIL95 and BIL31×BIL95) can be utilized for developing high yielding hybrid varieties as well as for exploiting hybrid vigour.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 599-609, December 2018
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Ahmed, A., M. Amiruzzaman, S. Begum, M. M. Billah, and M. M. Rohman. "COMBINING ABILITY FOR YIELD AND COMPONENT CHARACTERS IN WHITE GRAIN QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics 27, no. 2 (2016): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v27i2.27848.
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Combining ability for yield and yield components were carried out in a 8×8 diallel cross of white grain quality protein maize (QPM) to determine the general combining ability (GCA) of the parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of the crosses. Significant mean sum of squares due to GCA and SCA were observed for all the characters studied. Higher magnitude of SCA variance than GCA variance clearly indicated the predominance of non-additive gene action for all the traits. The parental lines P4, P7 and Q6 were found to be the best general combiner for yield components and these parents could be used as donor parents in hybridization to improve traits like days to tasseling, days to silking, plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, grains per ear and 1000 grain weight by accumulation of favorable genes. The significant positive SCA along with high mean yield, the crosses Q5 × P7, P7× Q6 and P7× Q2 could be used for commercial variety development, after verifying their performance over locations.
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KUMARI, A. "Combining ability analysis in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different environmental conditions." Annals of Plant and Soil Research 24, no. 1 (2022): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10126.
Full textAbstract:
A Pooled analysis was carried out to evaluate the general and specific combining ability effects in 9 diverse genotypes of bread wheat of diverse origin of cultivation, their 36 F1’s and 2 checks during Rabi 2020-21 at RCA, Udaipur in three different environments for grain yield and its component traits. Analysis of variance revealed the differences between parents and crosses for GCA and SCA, respectively due to GCA and SCA effects were significant for all the characters except days to 50 % flowering in E3 (GCA) on pooled basis. Similarly, mean squares due to GCA x E and SCA x E were significant for all characters revealed influence of environment on GCA and SCA, respectively. The variance due to GCA was higher than their respective SCA for all characters except spike length, awn length and harvest index indicated that additive type of gene action played role in the expression of all the traits. Among parents, DBW 173, HD 2967, GJW 463 and RAJ 4120 were exhibited significant GCA effects for grain yield and its component traits. Maximum significant positive GCA effects were exhibited by parent DBW 173 (1.80) over the environments. Among crosses, thirteen crosses recorded showed significant SCA effects for grain yield and its related traits. Cross, HD 2967 x DBW 173 was exhibited maximum positive significant SCA effects for grain yield and harvest index in the environments as well as on pooled basis. Cross, HD 2967 x DBW 173 depicted maximum SCA effects (4.00) followed by RAJ 3777 x RAJ 4120 (2.92) for grain yield over environments. Attempting cross combinations involving different parents with high GCA for desirable yield and other traits could be useful.
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KUMARI, A. "Combining ability analysis in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under different environmental conditions." ANNALS OF PLANT AND SOIL RESEARCH 24, no. 1 (2022): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2022.10126.
Full textAbstract:
A Pooled analysis was carried out to evaluate the general and specific combining ability effects in 9 diverse genotypes of bread wheat of diverse origin of cultivation, their 36 F1’s and 2 checks during Rabi 2020-21 at RCA, Udaipur in three different environments for grain yield and its component traits. Analysis of variance revealed the differences between parents and crosses for GCA and SCA, respectively due to GCA and SCA effects were significant for all the characters except days to 50 % flowering in E3 (GCA) on pooled basis. Similarly, mean squares due to GCA x E and SCA x E were significant for all characters revealed influence of environment on GCA and SCA, respectively. The variance due to GCA was higher than their respective SCA for all characters except spike length, awn length and harvest index indicated that additive type of gene action played role in the expression of all the traits. Among parents, DBW 173, HD 2967, GJW 463 and RAJ 4120 were exhibited significant GCA effects for grain yield and its component traits. Maximum significant positive GCA effects were exhibited by parent DBW 173 (1.80) over the environments. Among crosses, thirteen crosses recorded showed significant SCA effects for grain yield and its related traits. Cross, HD 2967 x DBW 173 was exhibited maximum positive significant SCA effects for grain yield and harvest index in the environments as well as on pooled basis. Cross, HD 2967 x DBW 173 depicted maximum SCA effects (4.00) followed by RAJ 3777 x RAJ 4120 (2.92) for grain yield over environments. Attempting cross combinations involving different parents with high GCA for desirable yield and other traits could be useful.
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Nass, Luciano Lourenço, Marlene Lima, Roland Vencovsky, and Paulo Boller Gallo. "Combining ability of maize inbred lines evaluated in three environments in Brazil." Scientia Agricola 57, no. 1 (2000): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162000000100021.
Full textAbstract:
For tropical areas like Brazil, genotype x environment interaction is an important source of variation. Our objectives were to examine the combining abilities and their interaction with environments in ten selected maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines in diallel crosses and to identify candidates for promising hybrid combinations. Crosses and checks were evaluated through a 7 x 7 triple lattice design at three locations during the 1984/85 season. Several agronomic traits were evaluated, but here only data on ear yield are discussed. Yield data were adjusted for stand variation (correction to 50 plants per plot) and grain moisture (15.5%). Data for ear yield were analysed using an adaptation of Griffing’s method IV for complete diallel crosses, and experiments were repeated in several environments. The means of the crosses over all environments ranged from 6.6 t/ha to 10.3 t/ha. The combining ability analysis of diallel data across environments showed highly significant (P<0.01) effects for environment, general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), and GCA x environment interaction. The SCA x environment interaction was not significant. Results showed that both GCA and SCA were important for this diallel cross. Considering the 13 hybrids that showed higher yields than the commercial hybrid controls, contributions by GCA and SCA effects were 56% and 44%, respectively. On the other hand, selecting only the best five hybrids, SCA effects were always more important than GCA effects for each environment and over all environments.
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Nguyen, Ba Thang. "Combining Ability Analysis for Quality Traits in Selected Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.)." Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences 7, no. 3 (2024): 2208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2024.7.3.03.
Full textAbstract:
Fifteen hybrid combinations developed by crossing five lines and three testers were assessed for milling and physio-chemical qualities to evaluate the combining ability of the parents using a line x tester design. This investigation provided information about the general combining ability (GCA) of parents and the specific combining ability (SCA) effects of crosses from eight popular inbred varieties. C70 was considered the best general combiner for the head rice recovery trait, while the crosses involving C70 with DH18 and CR203, 13/2 with TBR225 and Xi23, and OM6976 with TBR45 showed significant positive specific combining ability (SCA) effects. Xi23 and OM6976 among the lines showed significant general combining ability (GCA) effects indicating them to be good general combiners for obtaining hybrids with desirable (low or intermediate) properties of amylose content. The variances due to SCA were of greater magnitude than GCA for all the traits, revealing the preponderance of non-additive gene action for all the studied attributes. In all the studied quality traits, the narrow sense heritabilities were ordered as follows: head rice recovery > amylose content > gel consistency > alkali digestion > hulling percentage > milling percentage. The narrow sense heritabilities in these traits were quite low, ranging from 8.11% to 14.4%. Among the eight parents, C70, Xi23, and TBR225 were the most ideal for high-quality line breeding.
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Ahmed, S., S. Begum, MA Islam, M. Ratna, and MR Karim. "Combining ability estimates in maize (Zea mays L.) Through line × tester analysis." Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 42, no. 3 (2017): 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v42i3.34501.
Full textAbstract:
Eighteen advanced S4 lines of maize extracted from NK46 were evaluated through line × tester method by using two testers for grain yield and its components. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects of crosses were determined to evaluate the prospective inbred lines. Highly significant genotypic differences for all of six characters, i.e. days to 50% tasselling, Days to 50% silking, plant height, ear height, 1000 kernel weight, and yield indicated presence of wide range of variability among the genotypes for those traits. Non-additive gene action was predominant. Four lines for days to 50% tasselling, one for days to 50% silking, two for plant height, one for ear height, three for 1000 kernel weight, and four for yield were found with significant GCA effects in desired direction. For days to tasselling, days to silking, plant height and ear height, none of 36 cross combinations confirmed significant SCA effects. Five combinations showed significant positive SCA effects for 1000 kernel weight. For yield two crosses showed significant positive SCA. Considering the results of present study, based on GCA and SCA analysis of observed characters seven lines namely, NK46-2, NK46-4, NK46-10, NK46- 13, NK46-18, NK46-43 and NK46-44 were selected for further breeding programBangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(3): 425-436, September 2017
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Karikor, Md Abdus Sattar, Md Shahriar Kabir, Md Mukhtar Hossain, et al. "ESTIMATION OF COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN WHEAT." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology 9, no. 12 (2022): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i12.001.
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The study used a half-diallel mating fashion to identify combining ability (GCA and SCA) and heterosis of six wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes and their 15 F1 hybrids for morpho-physiological, yield, and yield-contributing traits. The present study was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The studied characters are heading days, maturity days, chlorophyll content, Plant height, Effective tillers plant-1, Total tillers plant-1, Spikes plant-1, Spike length, Filled spikelets spike-1, Unfilled spikelets spike-1, Grains spike-1, Thousand grain weight, Grain yield plant-1, Biological yield plant-1, and Harvest index Highly significant differences were observed among genotypes (parents and F1 hybrids) for all characters studied. The results also showed that the mean squares due to general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities were highly significant for all studied characters except harvest index, indicating the magnitude of both additive and non-additive gene effects in governing these traits. GCA/SCA ratios were greater than one for all characters except filled spikelets spike-1 and harvests index, indicating the dominance of additive gene effects, which play important roles in the inheritance of these characters. While the non-additive effect of the gene predominated in the inheritance of filled spikelets (spike-1) and harvests index, The parent BARI GOM-30 emerged as the best general combiner for total tillers plant-1, filled spikelets spike-1, grains spike-1, thousand-grain weight, grain yield plant-1, and harvest index. Bari Gom-28 was the best general combiner for heading days and maturity days, and Sourav was the best for effective tillers plant-1, spikes plant-1, and biological yield plant-1. The cross BARI GOM-30 SOURAV was the best specific combiner for effective tillers plant-1, total tillers plant-1, spikes plant-1, and PRODIP SOURAV for filled spikelets spike-1. Bari GOM-33 Sourav emerged as the best specific combiner for grain yield plant-1 and Prodip Ayt-5 for grain spike-1. Concerning heterotic effects in comparison to the midparent, the F1 hybrid BARI GOM-28 BARI GOM-33 showed maximum significant positive heterosis for chlorophyll content and biological yield plant-1 and BARI GOM-33 SOURAV for effective tillers plant-1, spikes plant-1, and grain yield plant-1. These parents and cross combinations could be used for the breeding program of wheat for potential yield.
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Ortiz, José Richard, and Pedro Comalat Rodes. "Habilidad combinatoria de 8 líneas élites dominicanas de maíz (Zea Mays L.)." Agronomía Mesoamericana 4 (June 21, 2016): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/am.v4i0.25169.
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Twenty eight inter-crosses from a diallel set of 8 Dominican inbred lines of maize were evaluated in 1990. The specific objectives were to determine general(gca) and specific (SCA) combining ability and to predict the best two and three-way hybrids. The inheritance of yield was determined by diaIlel analysis. General and specific (sca) combining ability and specific mean squares were statistically significant in yield, being the additive genetic variation much larger than the non additive variation. The parental T66 and NO3 showed the highest gca values and DK12xT66 (9.02 t/ha),NO2xNO3 (8.57t/ha) and DK12xT66 (8.36 t/ha) the best sca values. The results partially agree with previous studies. The best three and two way hybrids predictions were (NO3xT66)x NO3 and(NO2xT66) (NO3xDK14) with grain yield of 8.80 and 8.30 t/ha.
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Munir, S., M. K. Qureshi, A. N. Shahzad, et al. "Assessment of gene action and combining ability for fibre and yield contributing trais in interspecific and intraspecific hybrids of cotton." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 54, No. 2 (2018): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/54/2017-cjgpb.
Full textAbstract:
Combining ability analysis was performed in order to identify high-yielding genotypes and hybrids. Six lines were crossed with three testers using a line × tester mating design. General combining ability (GCA) of parents, specific combining ability (SCA) of hybrids and gene action for several yield components and fibre were studied in the experiment. Additive gene action was observed in most traits except bolls/plant, sympodia/plant, monopodia/plant, total nodes, seed index, lint/seed, staple strength and seed cotton yield/plant which were influenced by non-additive gene action. GCA revealed that Giza-7 was a good general combiner for staple length, staple strength, seed index, boll weight, bolls/plant and monopodia/plant and BH-167 was good for ginning outturn (GOT) and sympodia/plant. Results of SCA values for hybrids indicated, that the cross Giza-7 × MNH-886 was a superior specific combiner for staple length, monopodia/plant, staple strength and seed cotton yield/plant; CIM-554 × CIM-557 for boll weight, sympodia/plant and lint weight/boll; BH-167 × MNH-886 for GOT and bolls/plant. Selection of such hybrids and good general combiners could be further exploited for yield improvement.
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Lakho, Habib R., Ayaz A. Soomro, Muhammad A. R. Rashid, and Shabana Memon. "Determination of General and Specific Combining Ability of Five Upland Cotton Cultivars." Journal of Agricultural Science 8, no. 3 (2016): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v8n3p106.
Full textAbstract:
<p>The present investigation was aimed to determine the general combining ability of the parental lines and specific combining ability of the hybrids respectively and also heterotic effect of F<sub>1</sub> hybrids for some agro-economical traits in upland cotton. Five parent genotypes viz. NIAB-78, Chandi-95, Haridost, CRIS-134 and Shahbaz were used to generate ten F<sub>1</sub> hybrids through diallel mating design. The seeds of F<sub>1</sub> hybrids along with their parents were sown in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications during 2009-10. All the traits showed highly significant variation and GCA and SCA variances were also significant for all the parameters studied. Among the parents, NIAB-78, Haridost and CRIS-134 were best general combiners for plant height, sympodial branches per plant, bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield per plant, GOT% and seed index. Cross NIAB-78×Chandi-95 was best specific combiner for plant height and bolls per plant and CRIS-134×Haridost for sympodial branches per plant. However, the hybrid Chandi-95×CRIS-134 proved best specific combiner for seed cotton yield per plant and GOT%, while NIAB-78×CRIS-134 gave maximum SCA effects for seed index.</p>
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Boyle, T. J. B. "A diallel cross in black spruce." Genome 29, no. 1 (1987): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g87-031.
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A complete 7 × 7 diallel of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.), without selfs, planted in three locations, was measured for height growth at several ages. Analysis using Griffing's method 3, model II, demonstrated that general combining ability (GCA) was the dominant genetic component of variation, although specific combining ability (SCA) appeared to be proportionately increasing in importance with age. When data from all locations were combined, the GCA × environment interaction proved to be highly significant. If the trend of increasing proportional importance of SCA continues, existing improvement strategies exploiting only GCA may need to be radically altered. Greater genetic gain would result from crosses among a few clones of high specific combining ability. Whatever approach is used, it appears likely that genotypes will have to be carefully matched to sites. Imbalance in the data set appeared to invalidate F-tests. As a result of heterozygosity in the parents and the likely presence of epistasis and linkage disequilibrium, the interpretation of GCA and SCA variance components in terms of additive and dominance genetic variance cannot be made. Key words: diallel cross, combining ability, black spruce, forest genetics.
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Dianga, Al-Imran, Kamau W. Joseph, and Ruth N. Musila. "Analysis of Combining Ability for Early Maturity and Yield in Rice (Genus: Oryza) at the Kenyan Coast." International Journal of Agronomy 2020 (October 22, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6230784.
Full textAbstract:
The main challenges facing rain-fed rice farming in Kilifi County at the Kenyan coast are inadequate and erratic rainfall, inadequate skills, and poorly developed infrastructure. Of great importance is erratic rainfall that tends to depress towards the end of long rain season, leading to crop failure. Combining ability analysis is one of the most valuable tools used to ascertain gene action effects and help in selecting desirable parents for making crosses and coming up with high yielding and early maturing lines. Combining ability for early maturity and yield has not been studied at the Kenyan coast. This study aimed at determining and identifying good, general, and specific combiners for selecting better parents and better cross combinations in rice crops for developing high yield and short duration lines in rain-fed rice farming. Seven lines were subjected to half-diallel mating design at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Mtwapa, and at Bahari in Kilifi town. Evaluation for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) analysis was done. Combining ability variance and GCA and SCA effects were determined. Based on GCA effects, best parent for early maturity was Dourado Precoce, while for yield, Supaa, Komboka, and NERICA 10. SCA estimates indicated that best crosses for yield were D/S, D/N1, and K/N10, while the best performing cross for early maturity was D/N1.
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Mishra, Smaranika, Varsha V., Lingaiah H.B., et al. "Combining ability studies to develop superior hybrids in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum var. grossum L.)." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 16, no. 2 (2022): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v16i2.1080.
Full textAbstract:
General combining ability (GCA) among parents and specific combining ability (SCA) of crosses were studied to identify best crosses for growth and yield traits in bell pepper. Experimental material included 21 F1 hybrids developed by crossing seven parents in half di-allel mating design. Parents and crosses were planted in randomized block design during Rabi 2019 for estimating their combining ability. Among parents, Arka Mohini showed good GCA effects for most of the traits (number of secondary branches, early flowering and harvesting, fruit weight and yield). Among crosses, Arka Mohini × CW308, Arka Mohini × California Wonder and Yolo Wonder × California Wonder were identified as potential one for yield attributing traits based on SCA effects.
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Menezes, Cicero Beserra, Geraldo Afonso de Carvalho Júnior, Lidianne Assis Silva, et al. "Combining ability of grain sorghum lines selected for Aluminum tolerance." Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 14, no. 1 (2014): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-70332014000100007.
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The purpose of this study was to estimate combining ability of 58 sorghum lines previously selected for Aluminum (Al) tolerance. One hundred sixty-five hybrids were evaluated at three levels of Al saturation (0%, 20% and 50%) at the same season. General Combining Ability (GCA) effects were significant for female lines for all three traits. GCA effects for male lines were significant only for plant height. Specific Combining Ability (SCA) effects were significant only for flowering time. The ratio GCA to SCA was greater than the unity, indicating the prevalence of additive effects for the control of Al tolerance. F7, F14, F17, F20, F21, F24, F29, F31, F41, F42, F48, F51, F54 and F55 lines contributed to increase yield, while F29, F48 and F51 also contributed to reduce flowering time. M2 was the best male line since it contributed to increase yield and plant height, and to reduce flowering time.
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Oliveira, Lucimar Rodrigues de, Glauco Vieira Miranda, Rodrigo Oliveira DeLima, Leandro Vagno de Souza, João Carlos Cardoso Galvão, and Izabel Cristina dos Santos. "Combining ability of tropical maize cultivars in organic and conventional production systems." Ciência Rural 41, no. 5 (2011): 739–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782011005000041.
Full textAbstract:
The objectives were to identify maize germplasm for the organic productions system and to compare the genetic effects of the grain yield of maize cultivars in organic and conventional production systems. Diallel crosses were made between six maize cultivars and the hybrid combinations were evaluated in conventional and organic production systems. The hybrid combinations produced different grain yields in the two production systems. The interaction between general combining ability and production systems was significant for grain yield, ear height and number of ears. This indicates that the additive genetic effects differ in organic and conventional production systems. The specific combining abilities (SCA) were significant for grain yield and plant height, indicating a significant difference between the non-additive effects. However, the SCA x production systems interactions were not significant for those traits. It was concluded that for the development of maize cultivars for the organic production system, selection must be made in the specific environment for the expression of favorable alleles that confer advantages for adapting to this system; the general combining ability of genitors is different for the two production systems, but the specific combining ability isn't different in organic and conventional systems.
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K.U.K.Nampoothiri, P.M. Kumaran, B.A. Jerard, M.J.Ratnambal E.V.V.B.Rao, and V.A. Parthasarathy. "COMBINING ABILITY IN COCONUT (Cocos nucifera)." CORD 15, no. 02 (1999): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v15i02.330.
Full textAbstract:
Combining ability has been proved to be a method to identify and select the parents and hybrids for increased production through the exploitation of heterosis. The exploitation of heterosis would be useful if suitable hybrids are produced for low yielding environmental conditions of littoral sandy soil. Combining ability effects for early germination, seedling girth, seedling height and breadth of laminate leaf on coconut have been reported by Louis and Chopra (1991) and on husked nut weight by Fernando (1996). Estimation of GCA and SCA variance will help to find out the gene action involved in a particular character and thus one can decide the breeding method for the improvement of the character. The present investigation was carried out to find out the general and specific combining ability effects of parents and hybrids at Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod.
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Dwitama, Niko, Rustikawati Rustikawati, Dotti Suryati, and Catur Herison. "Combining ability of six s7 generation of corn hybrid parents from half dialel crossesof Maize in a Half Diallel Crosses." Akta Agrosia 21, no. 1 (2018): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/aa.21.1.6-10.
Full textAbstract:
Combining ability is the genotype's ability to pass on the desired character to the offspring. Combining ability information is needed to determine the crossed pairs in the formation of hybrid varieties. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on the combining ability value of six S7 generation of inbreed maize. The experiment was conducted in September 2015 until January 2016, at Medan Baru Experimental Station of Faculty of Agriculture, at Kandang Limun village, Muara Bangkahulu Sub-district, Bengkulu City. The experiment was prepared in a Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with 15 corn hybrid treatments including: G1XG3, G1XG6, G3XG6, G1XG7, G3XG7, G6XG7, G1XG8, G3XG8, G6XG8, G7XG8, G1XG9, G3XG9, G6XG9, G7XG9 and G8xG9. Each experimental unit was repeated three times obtaining 45 experimental plots. Estimation of general combining ability (GCA) value and specific combining ability (SCA) of each inbreed strain were conducted with Griffing model IV method. The results showed that genotype G1 and G3 had positive GCA values for all characters except plant height. The G7XG1 cross combination showed a positive SCA on all characters even higher in plant height and stem diameter. The G8XG6 cross combination showed high SCA values for leaf number characters, weight of husk-less cob, number of seeds per seed-line, weight of grain per ear, and grain yield per plot.Keywords: Hybrid, corn, GCA and SCA
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Olfati, J. A., H. Samizadeh, B. Rabiei, and Gh Peyvast. "Griffing's Methods Comparison for General and Specific Combining Ability in Cucumber." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/524873.
Full textAbstract:
A comparison among two forms of half-diallel analysis was made. The different half-diallel techniques used were Griffing's model I, method 2 and 4. These methods of diallel analysis were found to be interrelated. However, as Griffing's model I, method 4 partitioned heterosis into different components as well as gave information about combining ability and this method had certainly some advantages over the other. The results further indicated using parental generations in the second Griffing method may cause biased estimate of the GCA and SCA variances. Thus, using the fourth Griffing method is more suitable than the other methods in providing time, cost, and facilities, and it is recommended as an applicable method.
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A, AMIRTHA DEVARATHINAM. "HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY IN INTER-SPECIFIC HYBRIDS BETWEEN CMS OF Bajra AND NAPIER GRASS." Madras Agricultural Journal 82, November (1995): 578–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a01268.
Full textAbstract:
General and specific combining ability variances and effects for seven fodder characters were studied in, bajra-napier interspecific hybrids obtained in line x tester programme involving 9 CMS lines of bajra as female and 6 genotypes of napier grass, as male. The mean squares due to general and specific combining ability were significant indicating the importance of both additive and dominance components. The magnitude of sca variances was greater than that of gca for all characters suggesting the predominance of non-additive gene action. The parents, 405 A, 306 A, and 732 A among the CMS lines of bajra and FD 466 and FD 435 among napier grass were identified as best general combiners. The crosses 306 A x FD 466, 306 Ax FD 435, 437 were the best specific combinations for forage yield. High heterosis observed for different forage yield characters was mostly due to the desirable sca effects.
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Thomson, NJ, and DJ Luckett. "Heterosis and combining ability effects on cotton. I. Combining ability." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 39, no. 6 (1988): 973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9880973.
Full textAbstract:
Combining ability for a number of yield and quality attributes of cultivated cotton (Gossypium) was studied in two diallel experiments under high-yielding conditions in northern Australia. The first diallel comprised nine G. hirsutum parents of North American and African origin, the second diallel of thirteen parents besides American and African cultivars also included an Indian line, some Australian lines and an American G. barbadense cultivar. Each set of hybrids was grown as a half-diallel (plus the parents), first as a plant crop and then as a ratoon crop in the following season. Generally variation due to general combining ability (GCA) was significant and substantial for all traits, although specific combining ability (SCA) was also significant. GCA was shown to be closely associated with parental performance per se which may, therefore, be used with good reliability in choosing parents for use in a breeding program. The plant and ratoon performances were very similar in most instances. The African cultivars together with some medium-quality American ones showed high combining ability for yield, but the best GCA for quality characters was found in the high- quality parents. The G. barbadense cultivar was exceptional in this regard, hut it had a low GCA for yield, and there are other technical problems associated in establishing good inbred lines from hybrids between the two cultivated tetraploid species. Genotypic correlations between a pair of traits were usually similar for the plant and its respective ratoon crop, but often quite different for the two diallel combinations. In both populations selection for increased lint yield would tend to be accompanied by adverse changes in some other important characteristics.
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Meena, Ashok Kumar, Rajput S. S., Jakhar M. L., and Sandhya . "Assessment of combining ability for seed yield and component traits in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)." Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding 16, no. 1 (2025): 121–26. https://doi.org/10.37992/2025.1601.004.
Full textAbstract:
A study involving hybrids developed by crossing eight Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) lines in diallel fashion, excluding reciprocals, was taken up during Rabi 2022-23, to investigate their combining ability for yield and contributing traits. It was observed that the mean squares attributed to genotypes, encompassing parents, crosses and parents vs. crosses, were statistically significant for all examined attributes. Furthermore, both GCA and SCA components of variance were identified as statistically significant across all the examined attributes. Notably, the genotypes BPR-540-6, BRIJRAJ and DRMR-1165-40 were observed to be good general combiners for seed yield and other yield-attributing traits, indicating their potential utility in breeding programs. The estimates of SCA revealed that specific combining ability effects were both significant and positive for seed yield/plant in the cross combinations of DRMR-150-35 × KRANTI, BRIJRAJ × RH-725 and DRMR-2059 × KRANTI. Based on the per se performance and the noteworthy specific combining ability effect for seed yield/plant, it is recommended that the hybrids DRMR-150-35 × KRANTI and BRIJRAJ × RH-725 be leveraged in heterosis breeding or recombination breeding endeavors to attain higher seed yields. Keywords: Mustard, diallel mating, GCA,SCA
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Walker, Ryan L., Sunggil Kim, Javier F. Betran, Kilsun Yoo, and Leonard M. Pike. "Investigation of Doubled Haploid Performance and Combining Ability in Short-day Onion." HortScience 41, no. 4 (2006): 990B—990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.990b.
Full textAbstract:
Onions suffer from severe inbreeding depression, which has inhibited the development of homozygous inbred lines in breeding programs. The creation of doubled haploid (DH) lines in onion provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the utility of such lines as parents in a breeding program. For this purpose, two diallele cross experiments were conducted. The first consisted of a six-parent diallele cross using six DH lines developed at Texas A&M University. The second, a four-parent diallele cross performed with two DH lines and two inbred lines from the breeding program. Bulbs from the various crosses were evaluated for diameter, height, centers/bulb, ring thickness, number of rings/bulb, bulb weight, soluble solids content, and pungency. For some traits, general combining ability (GCA) effects explained most of the variation. However, for other traits, specific combining ability (SCA) effects predominated. For all traits, GCA and SCA were always larger than the reciprocal effects (divided into maternal and nonmaternal components). The GCA and SCA effects show an inverse correlation between the number of centers/bulb and ring thickness.
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G.S.B, PRASANNA SIMHA RAO. "HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES IN INTER-VARIETAL CROSSES OF CHEWING TOBACCO (Nicotiana tabacum L.)." Madras Agricultural Journal 76, November (1989): 616–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a02068.
Full textAbstract:
Six elite chewing tobacco varieties were evaluated for heterosis and combining ability for yield and yield component characters F1- 11 (1-115 x VR-2) and F1-13 (PV-7 x VR-2) recorded maximum heterotic vigour of 14.7% and 17.4% increase over the better parent in total yield and whole leaf yield respectively. The variances of general combining ability (gca) were significant for whole leaf, total yield and leaf area and in general, variance of specific combining ability (sca) were not significant for any character. The magnitude of gca was higher than that of sca indicating predominance of additive gene action. 1-64 and PV-7 showed positive and high gca effects and these are ideal parents for future breeding programmes for chewing tobacco crop improvement.
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Rohini, Narayanasamy, Valliyappan Lakshmanan, Desabandhu Saraladevi, John J. Amalraj, and Perumal Govindaraju. "Assessment of combining ability for yield and quality components in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 15, no. 2 (2017): e0703. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2017152-10190.
Full textAbstract:
Six parental genotypes and their thirty F1 hybrids in a full diallel cross system with reciprocals, were used in the present study to estimate combining ability for five quantitative and five qualitative traits in hot pepper. The mean sum of squares due to general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA) and reciprocal combining ability (RCA) were significant for all the characters which suggest that these parents could have performed differently in different combinations indicating interallelic interactions. All the traits studied exhibited greater SCA variance than GCA, suggesting that these traits are controlled by non-additive gene action. Analysis of the GCA effects of parents for various traits revealed that LCA625, K1 and PKM1 were the best general combiners for almost all the traits. Estimates of SCA effects showed that the hybrids LCA625 × K1, K1 × Arka LohitandPusa Jwala × PKM1were found to be the best combiners for yield and its attributes. The hybrid K1 × Arka Lohitwas the best reciprocal combiner for quality parameters based on its better mean performance and combining ability. These results suggest that commercial production of hot pepper hybrids and isolation of pure lines from these hybrids is a possible way to enhance the yield and fruit quality.
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Mostofa, M. G., L. Rahman, and M. M. Hussain. "COMBINING ABILITY FOR YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS IN KENAF (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics 24, no. 1 (2013): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v24i1.16307.
Full textAbstract:
Combining ability in 6 x 6 half diallel crosses were estimated for yield and yield contributing characters in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.). Combining ability analysis revealed that mean square due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for all the characters studied suggesting the presence of both additive and non-additive gene action for the inheritance of the concerned characters. The magnitude of GCA variance was considerably higher than that of SCA variance for days to 1st flowering, fibre weight per plant and 1000-seed weight indicating the importance of additive gene action for these traits. The other characters were preponderantly controlled by non-additive gene action. Ranking of parents on GCA performance indicated that parent P6 (Acc.2731) was the best general combiner for fibre yield and yield attributes. On the other hand, parents P2 (Acc.4197) and P3 (Acc.2922) were found to be the best for seed related traits. On SCA performance, the crosses P3 x P5, P1 x P6, P3 x P6 and P4 x P5 were found to be the best for fibre related traits, while the best specific crosses for seed related traits were P2 x P3 and P2 x P4. For the development of high fibre or seed yielding kenaf varieties, either pedigree selection method or recurrent breeding is suggested depending on the genetic behavior of the trait.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v24i1.16307
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Ali, M., M. A. K. Mian, M. A. Hossain, M. Z. Islam, and M. M. Hossain. "COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN QUASI AROMATIC RICE (Oryza sativa L.)." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics 27, no. 1 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v27i1.23971.
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The experiment was conducted to study general and specific combining ability (GCA and SCA) and to estimate heterosis estimation at experimental farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during T. Aman, 2006 and 2007 seasons. Eleven rice parental lines consisting of two quasi CMS lines in BC3 generation as lines and nine restorer lines as testers along with their eighteen F1s and a check variety (BRRI dhan37) were used for combining ability study in a line x tester mating design for eight characters. Ratio of general combining ability (GCA) to specific combining ability (SCA) variances above unity were observed for 1000-grain weight(g) indicating predominance of additive gene action for controlling the character. Among mother parents, CMS-1 appeared as good general combiner for panicle length, 1000-grain weight(g), and grain lengthbreadth ratio. Among male parents, Benaful, Oval Tapi and Sorukamini-1 were observed to be good general combiners for most of the characters studied. The cross combinations, CMS-1 × Kataribhog, CMS-2 × Maloti-1 and CMS-2 × Keora were found as good specific combiners for most of the characters under study. Good specific combiners were evolved from all kinds of combinations of general combiners indicating additive and non-additive types of gene effect for inheritance. Maximum hybrids showed desired significant standard heterosis for panicle length and 1000-grain weight. None of the hybrids showed desired and significant standard heterosis simultaneously for any three or more characters.
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Abdel-Moneam, Maamoun A., M. S. Sultan, Waleed A. E. Abido, Ágnes Hadházy, S. A. Sadek, and M. S. Shalof. "Investigation of combining ability and superiority percentages for yield and some related traits in yellow maize using line × tester analysis." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 1 (May 20, 2020): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/1/4144.
Full textAbstract:
Combining ability estimation is an important genetic attribute for maize breeders in anticipating improvement in productivity via hybridization and selection. This research was carried out to investigate the genetic structure of the 27 F1 maize hybrids established from nine lines derived from Maize Research Department and three testers, to determine general combining ability (GCA), determine crosses showing specific combining ability (SCA) and superiority percentages for crosses. Nine lines, three testers, 27 F1 hybrids and two check commercial hybrids (SC162 and SC168) were studied in randomized complete block Design (RCBD) with three replications during 2016. The results of mean squares showed that significant and highly significant for most studied traits (days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, plant and ear height, ear position, ear length, no. of kernels per row, 100-kernel weight and Grain yield). Estimates of variance due to GCA and SCA and their ratio revealed predominantly non-additive gene effects for all studied traits. Lines with the best GCA effects were: P2 (line 11) and P6 (line 21) for grain yield, for testers Gm174 and Gm1021 had significant GCA effects for grain yield. The hybrids P5×Gm1021, P6×Gm1021, P7×Gm1021, P8×Gm1002, P9×Gm1002 had significant and negative SCA effects for grain yield. Crosses P1×Gm174, P2×Gm1002, P5×Gm1021, P6×Gm174, P6×Gm1021, P7×Gm1021, P8×Gm1002, P9×Gm1021 were the best combinations manifested and significant superiority percentages over than check varieties (SC162 and SC168) for most studied traits. Therefore, these hybrids may be preferred for hybrid crop development.
 Abbreviations: GCA general combining ability; SCA specific combining ability
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Tefera, Abenezer Abebe, Legesse Wolde Beyene, and Wosene Gebreselassie Abtew. "Combining Ability Analysis of Maize Inbred Lines in Ethiopia." Agriculture and Food Sciences Research 7, no. 2 (2020): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/journal.512.2020.72.113.124.
Full textAbstract:
The study was initiated to estimate combining ability of maize inbred lines and crosses using line by tester analysis. Fifty entries consists 48 F1 single crosses developed from 24 inbred lines and 2 testers using line x tester design and two commercial check hybrids used in the study. The experiment was conducted using alpha lattice design with two replications. Analysis of variance revealed existence of significant genetic variation among genotypes for all studied traits except for plant aspect (PA). Location x entry interaction for most of the traits was not significant which suggests hybrid performance was consistent across tested locations. Line x tester analysis of variance showed that mean squares due to GCA of lines were significant (p< 0.01 or p< 0.05) for all studied traits. Mean squares of tester GCA and SCA were significant for most of studied traits. This indicates that both additive and non-additive gene effects had contributed for the variation of the crosses. However, higher proportional contribution of additive gene action for all studied traits was obtained. Several lines and crosses were identified as good general and specific combiners for yield and yield related traits. Lines L23, L11, L15 and crosses L2xT1, L3xT1, L8xT1, L11xT1, L23xT1 and L13xT2 were found to be good general and specific combiners, respectively. In conclusion, the stated inbred lines with desirable gca effects and cross combinations with desirable sca effects for grain yield and yield related traits could be used as useful genetic material.