Academic literature on the topic 'Specific problems of the translation of comics'
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Journal articles on the topic "Specific problems of the translation of comics"
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Fabbretti, Matteo. "The Use of Translation Notes in Manga Scanlation." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 8, no. 2 (November 22, 2016): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t9ss57.
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This article investigates the use of translation notes to deal with translation problems. In Translation Studies, the presence of translation notes in a translation is considered particularly significant because they clearly indicate what features of the source text the translator considered important for the comprehension of the text and therefore necessary to retain or explain. In the field of comics in translation, the use of T/N is rather uncommon, and can be considered the main translation strategy that distinguishes scanlation from other types of translations.
In the first part of this article, the structure of the English-language manga scanlation communities is examined; following this, the way culture-specific items are dealt with by manga scanlators is analysed; and finally, an explanatory hypothesis linking the broader structure of participation to individual translation strategies is presented. The argument put forward in this article is that translation notes are used in scanlation both to solve translation problems and as a way for scanlators to communicate directly with their readers, thereby foregrounding their mediating presence directly on the pages of scanlated manga.
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Velychenko, Olena, and Liudmyla Fonar. "LINGUOSTYLISTIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH HUMOROUS FANTASY NOVELS AND THEIR UKRAINIAN TRANSLATION." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2020, no. 30 (March 2020): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2020-30-3.
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The relevance of an article is based on the need for a thorough study of means of linguostylistic actualization of English humor in modern fantasy literature and features of its rendering in Ukrainian translations, taking into account pragmatic and cross-cultural components. This is due to the popularity of the fantasy genre among a readership, and therefore requires the study of the features and problems of adequate translation of foreign fantasy novels by Ukrainian specialists, who often have difficulties translating author neologisms (occasionalisms) and proper names of fantasy creatures and characters. Increased interest in translation studies in many aspects of fantasy issues is evidenced by the recent emergence of a large number of works that reveal different aspects of humor. However, despite the interest in the subject, there is a small amount of exploration that addresses the issues of rendering humor and comic occasionalisms as units of linguostylistics in fantasy books in the English-Ukrainian translation. The purpose of this work is to analyze the linguostylistic specificity of translation of the humorous fantasy “Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them” from English into Ukrainian. The paper presents an analysis of the research material for the purpose of establishing the linguostylistic essence of J. K. Rolling’s occasionalisms, as well as the specifics of their interpretation, taking into account difficulties and cases of incompatibility of translation of the original due to various types and causes of complete and partial loss of sense of the original source. The basis for a comprehensive study of linguistic problems of author’s word-formation and translation analysis of tactics and operations involved in implementing a strategy of communicative-equal translation and adequate rendering of humorous fantasy in a pair of typologically different languages English-Ukrainian has been improved.
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Fraser, Benjamin. "On polysemiotic interactions, visual paratexts and image-specific translation in comics: The case of Rodolfo Santullo and Matías Bergara's Dengue." Studies in Comics 10, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/stic_00006_1.
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Abstract The practice of translation in comics has received relatively little scholarly attention. This article focuses on translation decisions as they are carried out in the medium-specific interplay of words and images that constitutes the comics text. Using the case of Dengue (Santullo and Bergara) in both its Spanish (2012) and English (2015) versions, analysis explores how polysemiotic interactions, visual paratexts and image-specific translation inform the resulting graphic novel. Discussion centres on how the English version effects a significant thematic shift that is consistent across the cover art, frontmatter, chapter title pages, and individual panel rewordings.
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Trubnikov, S. V., and O. R. Denysiuk. "Implementation of a helper program for comics creation using text processing methods." Computer Modeling: Analysis, Control, Optimization 7, no. 1 (2020): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32434/2521-6406-2020-1-7-64-69.
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The paper discusses the development of a helper program "TypesetHelper", designed to facilitate the process of creating and translating comics. An analysis of functions of translation in modern society shows that translation, currently, is primarily a means of enabling communication between people who speak different languages. This applies, among other things, to such a specific niche as the translation of graphic novels, comics and manga. In the modern world, comics have become an integral part of popular culture, but in Ukraine, the culture of reading and translating comics is only at the stage of active formation. The purpose of this work is to create software that would facilitate the process of work with the inclusion of translated text in corresponding cleared illustrations. It is demonstrated that the existing software, including both general-purpose graphic editors like Adobe Photoshop and specialized programs for automatic recognition and translation of comics and manga, has disadvantages with respect to the problem being solved and can not be considered as a complete analogue of the software being developed. The functions that the program should perform include opening an image file, placing a text in a selected area, centering a text relative to a cloud, creating text layout, creating correct word division using automatic hyphenation methods, saving the image to a file. An analysis of possible methods of text layout when filling text clouds of various forms is given. The paper consider software design using the Unified Modeling Language (Use Case diagram, State Diagram, User Activity diagram) and its development using the C# programming language. Illustrations of the program operation process are given, which demonstrate its interface and examples of text division and layout using the selected methods. The developed helper program has practical value and can be used in comics and manga publishing houses, or for amateur translation. Keywords: text processing, comics, text layout, UML, C#.
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Riabtseva, N. K. "Cognitive Dominants, Language-Specific Communication and Translation Problems." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 8 (August 24, 2021): 87–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-8-87-111.
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The paper is devoted to explaining the key cognitive distinctions characteristic to translation process and its teaching. Among them are linguistic interpretation of the input text’s contents, its conceptual adaptation to the accepting culture, etc. To demonstrate them, multiple examples are given to show that translators, particularly not trained enough, often choose for basic translation dominants in the accepting culture those equivalents that are primarily purely linguistic, ignoring conceptual and cultural background of the original and the accepting culture’s notions and forms. Meanwhile, the latter help avoid such translation failures as literal / word by word translation, etc. Special attention in the paper is paid to the translation into the foreign, English, language, its contrastive culture-specific and communicative features as compared to those in the Russian language: to their cognitive dominants in communication and their cross-linguistic asymmetry and in-congruency which generate quite «natural» cross-linguistic interference in Russian-English translation. It is particularly obvious when there are extensive textual nominal ex-pressions, especially terminological, which demonstrate at present an active, extensive and productive usage in English, but present a serious problem in teaching English as a foreign language and translation into it. It is also shown that in Russian their cross-linguistic idiomatic analogues are language specific and show different patterns, but still can be adequately matched with their foreign counter-parts.
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Su, Wenchao, and Defeng Li. "Identifying translation problems in English-Chinese sight translation." Translation and Interpreting Studies 14, no. 1 (April 5, 2019): 110–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.00033.su.
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Abstract Translation problems have received considerable attention among translation process researchers and different research methods have been used to identify them. Findings are sometimes inconsistent, and as these studies have mainly studied translation between European languages, little research has been conducted to explore the issue concerning non-European languages. To fill this gap, the present study investigates problem triggers in English-Chinese sight translation in both directions (L1 and L2 translation). using eye-tracking data (Dragsted 2012). Results suggest that the type and number of translation problems encountered by the translators are different in L1 and L2 sight translation and that language-pair specificity is at play during the process, indicated by two identified Chinese-specific problem triggers, namely, back-sloping comma and head-final noun phrase.
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O’Connell, Eithne. "What Dubbers of Children’s Television Programmes Can Learn from Translators of Children’s Books?" Meta 48, no. 1-2 (September 24, 2003): 222–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/006969ar.
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Abstract Technical difficulties associated with dubbing, together with the collaborative nature of the dubbing process, explain why traditionally the linguistic challenges of dubbing translation for specific audiences such as children have not been studied very closely. As new developments in sound recording improve the technical quality of dubbing, it is time for the remaining textual translation issues to be addressed in more detail. Due to the many common characteristics of different text types aimed at children, dubbers of children’s audiovisual material can learn a considerable amount from the translators of other texts, such as books and comics aimed at children, about the particular challenges posed by this target audience.
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Pischedda, Pier Simone. "Translating English Sound Symbolism in Italian Comics: A Corpus-Based Linguistic Analysis across Six Decades (1932–1992)." Arts 9, no. 4 (October 26, 2020): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts9040108.
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Linking interdisciplinarity and multimodality in translation studies, this paper will analyse the diachronic translation of English ideophones in Italian Disney comics. This is achieved thanks to the compiling of a bi-directional corpus of sound symbolic entries spanning six decades (1932–1992)—a corpus that was created following extensive archival work in various Italian and American libraries between 2014 and 2016. The central aim is to showcase practical examples coming from published comic scripts and to highlight patterns of translation in each of the five different time windows which were chosen according to specific historical, linguistic and cultural vicissitudes taking place in the Italian nation. Overall, the intention is to shed light on an under-developed area of studies that focuses on the cross-linguistical transposition of ideophonic forms in comic books and to pinpoint how greater factors might influence the treatment of such deceptively miniscule elements in the comic books’ pages.
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Idrus, Idrus. "The Translation of Japanese Manga Meitantei Conan to Indonesian: The Similarities and Differences between The Original Japanese Version and the Indonesian Translated Version." IZUMI 10, no. 1 (May 2, 2021): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/izumi.10.1.98-108.
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Japanese comics or manga have caught the world’s attention in recent years. It conveys stories through words and images in a specific order resulting in beautiful works. Now, manga is translated into various languages in the world, including Indonesian. The following study entailed a comparative analysis of the manga Meitantei Conan into Indonesia, primarily concentrating on: the format, for example, the arrangement of pages, lettering, and typography, what was translated what was not. In translating Japanese manga into Indonesian, it was found that there were similarities (retained elements) and differences (adjusted elements). We can found similarities between the original Japanese version and the Indonesian translated version of manga in the writing composition on the chapter title and onomatopoeia. Besides, there are also similarities in cultural terms because the translator maintains terms in Japanese as a translation strategy. The main difference between Original Japanese comics and the Indonesian translated version is the binding system of using, the type of font, and the use of Indonesian cultural elements so that the dialogue of the story characters is more communicative and easy to understand.
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Grietēna, Indra. "TRANSLATION PROBLEMS WITHIN THE EU CONTEXT." Vertimo studijos 4, no. 4 (April 6, 2017): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/vertstud.2011.4.10579.
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The paper reviews publications by Latvian linguists looking at the main translation problems within the context of the EU between 2005 and 2010. The author analyses the publications from three aspects: general aspects of translation problems and practices within the EU context, particular translation problems, and methodological publications providing guidelines for translators working within the EU context. The author reveals discussions on the ways translation influences language in general, the role of the source language for the development of the target language, and the role and responsibility of a translator at the ‘historical crossroads’. The article discusses a number of EU-specific translation problems, including source language interference, problems of the translator’s visibility and a translation’s transparency, ‘false friends’, and linguistic and contextual untranslatability. The author briefly summarizes the contents of guidelines and manuals for translators working within the EU context, highlighting the main differences between English and Latvian written language practices, literal (word-for-word) translation and the translator’s relationship with the source text. The publications selected and analysed have been published either in conference proceedings or in academic journals from the leading Latvian institutions in the field of translation: Ventspils University College, the University of Latvia, the State Language Commission of Latvia and Translation and Terminology Centre of Latvia.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Specific problems of the translation of comics"
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Rohrlack, Henrike. "Der Comic als semiotisch komplexer Text: Spezifische Probleme seiner Übersetzung. Eine Untersuchung anhand der französischen Comic-Serie \"Astérix\" und ihrer deutschen Übersetzungen." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-124276.
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Dass Comics nicht nur Unterhaltungswert besitzen, sondern durchaus auch von wissenschaftlich-theoretischem Interesse sind, beweisen zahlreiche Arbeiten mit den unterschiedlichsten Schwerpunkten. Neben den Beiträgen, die auf einer allgemeineren Ebene einen Überblick über die Geschichte, die verschiedenen Publikations- und Herstellungsformen, die einzelnen Bestandteile, die Funktionsweise und die stilistischen und thematischen Varianten des Comics vermitteln (z.B. Fuchs/Reitberger, 1971 und 1978, Havas/Habarta, 1992 und 1993 und McCloud, 1995), gibt es auch Untersuchungen, die sich speziell mit einzelnen Aspekten der Textsorte beschäftigen. Dazu gehören bspw. semiotische Ansätze wie die von Krafft (1978) und Fresnault-Deruelle (1972), die erziehungswissenschaftlich orientierte Auseinandersetzung mit dem Gegenstand (z.B. Grünewald, 1991 und 2000) und die Arbeiten aus Literaturwissenschaft (z.B. Stoll, 1974) und Sprachwissenschaft (z.B. Rothe, 1974 und Krieger, 2003).
Auch die Translatologie hat sich mit dem Thema Comic auseinandergesetzt. Eine Übersicht über generelle Probleme bei der Übersetzung dieser Textsorte bietet Schmitt (1997a). Einen ähnlich allgemeinen Anspruch haben die Arbeiten von Spillner (1980) und Schwarz (1989). Mit Sprachspielen als Teilaspekt der Comic-Übersetzung am Beispiel der französischen „Astérix“-Serie haben sich Grassegger (1985) und Schmitt (1997) beschäftigt.
Praktische Relevanz bekommen derartige Untersuchungen durch die Situation auf dem deutschen Comic-Markt, der bis heute von ausländischen Lizenzausgaben beherrscht wird (vgl. Grünewald, 2000:2 und Schmitt, 1999:266). Der größte Anteil liegt dabei auf Übersetzungen aus dem Französischen (vgl. Schmitt, 1999:267) und inzwischen, bedingt durch den „Manga-Boom“ (vgl. DER SPIEGEL 10/2001), auch aus dem Japanischen. Von grundlegendem theoretischen Interesse ist die translatologische Auseinandersetzung mit dem Phänomen Comic deshalb, weil sie im Zusammenhang mit der charakteristischen Wort-Bild-Einheit dieser Textsorte die generelle Frage danach berührt, welche konstitutiven Merkmale einen Text als solchen kennzeichnen und inwieweit auch nonverbale Elemente im Übersetzungsprozess Berücksichtigung finden müssen (vgl. dazu auch Schmitt, 1997a:619).
Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit soll eine weitere Annäherung an die semiotisch komplexe Textsorte Comic aus translatorischer Perspektive erfolgen. Da zum Comic aus allgemein künstlerisch-ästhetischer Sicht bereits zahlreiche Arbeiten vorliegen und das Thema, wie oben festgestellt, auch schon Gegenstand übersetzungswissenschaftlicher Beiträge war, wird hier der Analyse konkreter Fallbeispiele aus der Serie „Astérix“ von René Goscinny und Albert Uderzo und der jeweiligen deutschen Übersetzungslösungen besonderes Gewicht verliehen. Einzelne „Astérix“-Bände wurden in der Sekundärliteratur bislang hauptsächlich im Hinblick auf die Problematik der Sprachspiele untersucht (s. oben), während die für das Comic-Übersetzen ebenfalls relevanten typografischen und grafischen Besonderheiten und expliziten Bezüge auf die Ausgangskultur kaum Erwähnung fanden.
Nach einer allgemeinen Einführung in das Thema, in der das grafisch-literarische Phänomen Comic definitorisch eingegrenzt und seine Entwicklungsgeschichte, die verschiedenen inhaltlichen und formalen Varianten sowie die herstellungstechnischen Abläufe grob umrissen werden sollen (Abschnitt 2), geht es im Abschnitt 3 der Arbeit um eine übersetzungswissenschaftlich ausgerichtete Betrachtung der charakteristischen Merkmale und typischen Bestandteile der Textsorte Comic. Dabei wird zunächst der Versuch unternommen, zu einer dem Gegenstand angemessenen Textdefinition zu gelangen und die damit eng verbundene Frage nach dem Texttyp zu beantworten (3.1). Unter 3.2 sollen die wesentlichen Konstituenten von Comic-Texten sowie die besonderen Bedingungen ihres Zusammenspiels herausgearbeitet und die sich daraus ergebenden translatorischen Herausforderungen besprochen werden. Die so gewonnenen theoretischen Einsichten werden dann im 4. Abschnitt anhand konkreter Beispiele aus einer umfangreichen Auswahl von „Astérix“-Bänden und ihren Übertragungen ins Deutsche auf ihre praktische Relevanz hin überprüft. Die Serie eignet sich für derartige Untersuchungen in besonderem Maße, weil sie erstens einen großen Umfang aufweist (bisher sind 31 Bände erschienen), zweitens einen hohen Bekanntheitsgrad genießt und deshalb leicht zugänglich ist und drittens im Hinblick auf die mit der Textsorte Comic verbundenen Übersetzungsprobleme insbesondere aufgrund ihrer engen kulturellen Einbettung sowie der bemerkenswerten Quantität und Qualität der enthaltenen Sprachspiele ausgesprochen ergiebig ist. Dass „Astérix“ unter den Comics eine herausragende Stellung einnimmt und deshalb immer wieder Gegenstand theoretischer Betrachtungen ist, bemerken auch Havas/Habarta (1993): „Asterix künstlerisch gesehen, Asterix historisch gesehen, Asterix als Parodie der Geschichte, Asterix als Kinderlektüre auf der einen Seite, Asterix als Erwachsenenlektüre durch versteckte Hinweise und Anspielungen auf der anderen, Asterix in Latein, Asterix in Esperanto, (...) lebende Persönlichkeiten als Nebenfiguren in Asterix und so weiter, und so fort – kaum ein anderer Comic hat so viele interessante Aspekte aufzuweisen, über die zu berichten es sich lohnen würde.“ (ebd., S. 156/158).
Nach einer Vorstellung der Serie sowie ihrer deutschen Übersetzungen (4.1) und einer formalen und inhaltlichen Einordnung in die Textsorte Comic mit Blick auf die anzuwendende Übersetzungsmethode (4.2) werden unter 4.3 spezielle translatorische Probleme, nach thematischen Feldern geordnet, in drei verschiedenen Abschnitten behandelt: Umgang mit typografischen und grafischen Besonderheiten (4.3.1), Kulturspezifik (4.3.2) und Sprachspiele (4.3.3). Neben der Analyse von Belegstellen für Anspielungen und intertextuelle Bezüge im Ausgangstext und den entsprechenden Zieltextlösungen geht es unter der Überschrift „Kulturspezifik“ auch um den Vergleich der Arbeiten von drei verschiedenen „Astérix“-Übersetzern, die in ihrer grundsätzlichen Herangehensweise starke Unterschiede aufweisen (4.3.2.2. und 4.3.2.3).
Eine Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse erfolgt im Abschnitt 5.
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Gyllenfjell, Per. "Case Study of Manga Translation Problems." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Japanska, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-11797.
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Marangoni, Melissa. "Ready Player One: The Analysis of Specific Dialogue Translation Problems and Potential Cultural Consequences." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18346/.
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In a world where we find ourselves constantly talking about “the latest Oscar-material movie” and “that new super cool Netflix series”, it is impossible to deny that the entertainment industry is one of the biggest money machines ever created. The global box office revenue is forecast to reach the 50 billion USD mark in 2020 (Statista, 2018) and the global entertainment market size is expected to reach 114.93 billion USD by 2025 (Financial Buzz, 2018). Throughout the years, accessing media products has become increasingly easier (Parrot Analytics, 2018), to the point where we now have an incredibly broad and commercial-free choice of contents at our fingertips (Abend-David, 2014, p. 293). This is especially true for English-speaking countries, but what happens when media products have to be translated and marketed in countries where English is not one of the main languages?
Using Steven Spielberg’s 2018 science fiction adventure movie, Ready Player One (Spielberg, 2018), this study highlights how a cheap and hasty adaption work can heavily affect a media product. This paper also outlines what skills a good translator should have in order to be able to overcome these obstacles.
A simple legitimate question that could arise at this point is “Why is it so important?". Movies are one of the most widespread and influential tools when it comes to cultural transmission (Pavesi, 2012, p. 14). Movies mirror reality and their dialogues carry out the same function they have in real life: they establish and sustain social relationships and play a decisive role in making individuals unique (Pavesi, 2012, p. 9). Movies are not just a way to entertain the audience, but also and above all a way to educate it (Swain, 2013). For all these reasons, everyone should have access to the original media product, regardless of what language they speak.
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Jansson, Ulla. "How to Tackle Translation Problems in a Text on Rugby : Translating culture and style in “Football, Identity, Place: The Emergence of Rugby Football in Brisbane” by Peter Horton." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Humanities, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2043.
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This is a study of translation problems encountered during the translation of the article “Football, Identity, Place: The Emergence of Rugby Football in Brisbane” by Peter Horton. Focus is directed at two different types of translation problems. One of them concerns the cultural differences between the readers of Horton’s text and the translated text. Swedish readers are rather unacquainted both with the sport of rugby and with Australian geography. As a consequence, it may be problematic to translate rugby terms or geographical names. These kinds of problems were often solved by transferring the cultural word and/or adding explanations to the translated text.
The second type of translation problem concerned the stylistic level of the text. The translated text is aimed at a broad readership and therefore the stylistic level had to be lowered. Four different techniques were used to make the translation less formal than the source text. One of them was to avoid nominalizations by using a corresponding verb form instead. A second technique was to reduce the number of parenthetical insertions. Thirdly, it could be done by using fewer words before the finite verb to make sentences less left-heavy. And the forth technique involved choosing common everyday words rather than uncommon or formal words.
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Olsson, Carina. "La competencia traductora y los retos terminológicos del turismo especializado : Problemas semánticos y técnicas empleadas en la traducción español-sueco de una publicación de turismo ecológico." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-28929.
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Unlike for legal, scientific or literary texts, it is generally considered that tourist texts do not present any difficulties that require the involvement of a professional translator. Considering the development and specialization the tourism industry has been subjected to for some years, it is strange that this point of view does not seem to change. The aim of this paper is to examine the semantic problems that are found in the translation of a specialized tourist text, as well as the techniques that are used to solve them, keeping always in mind the purpose of the target text and the different backgrounds of the presumptive readers.
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Gullström, Sofia. "Pura Vida : A study on translation of proper nouns, figures of speech and terminology in an English travel guide about Costa Rica." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-26412.
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The purpose of this paper is to discuss some of the difficulties that came up in the translation of an English travel guide about Costa Rica into Swedish, and what strategies may be employed in order to solve them. The focus is on how to handle proper nouns, figures of speech and terminology. In order to gather material for the study an English travel guide about Costa Rica was translated into Swedish and then some of the translation problems encountered during translation were chosen for an in-depth analysis. The analysis is mainly based on Rune Ingo’s and Peter Newmark’s theories, but other sources have also been used as a basis for the discussion. Proper nouns were mostly handled by transference of the names in their original forms into the TT as well as transference in combination with a functional or descriptive equivalent. Where appropriate, some proper nouns were translated with recognized Swedish translations or partially translated and partially transferred. Many metaphors and idioms were translated into corresponding figurative expressions found in the target language. When this was not possible, they were either translated word-for-word, provided that they still conveyed the meaning of the ST metaphor or idiom, or translated with a non-figurative expression. In order to make up for lost figurative expressions, one non-figurative expression was translated with a metaphor. Regarding terminology, terms were mostly translated with corresponding terms found in Swedish bilingual dictionaries or other resources on the Internet. However, some terms had to be transferred from the ST in their original forms or translated with less specific words, since no corresponding terms could be found in the target language. The findings show that several different strategies were used to handle translation of proper nouns, figures of speech and terminology in this specific travel guide and which strategy to use depends on situational factors.
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Sklar, Fabiana Andrioli. "Present but not perfect : A study of problems Brazilian students encounter when learning the English present perfect tense." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Estetisk-filosofiska fakulteten, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-7229.
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Most Brazilian students learning English face difficulty when studying thepresent perfect. It is one of the most challenging aspects of the Englishlanguage for Portuguese speakers due to the similar form with a divergentsemantic value. The Brazilian Portuguese present perfect forces iteration andthe student automatically transfers the same meaning when translating anEnglish sentence literally. Brazilian learners get confused about when and inwhat situations to use the English present perfect and frequently are not able todistinguish it from the simple past use. This study is comprised of two parts.First, a comparative study was done to investigate which Portuguese tensetranslators of famous literary books consider to be equivalent to the Englishpresent perfect according to the message which is being conveyed. Thedatabase used was the bidirectional parallel corpus of English and PortugueseCOMPARA. Second, textbooks developed to teach English in Brazil wereanalyzed in order to verify from what perspective students were beinginstructed concerning the present perfect and whether the semantic differencesbetween the two languages were pointed out. According to the translationcorpus, the English present perfect is mostly equivalent to Brazilian Portuguesesimple past. Adverbs are also often needed to express the English presentperfect meaning in Portuguese. The textbooks were found to present poorexplanations and seem not to call the learners’ attention to the source of the problems. Textbooks do not stress the importance of the semantic value and thecontext, and do not call attention to the different meanings between theBrazilian and the English present perfect.
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Bysell, Lina Emilia. "En revolutionerande översättning : En översättningsteoretisk uppsats om att översätta en skildring av det ryska inbördeskriget." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Tolk- och översättarinstitutet, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-130581.
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Denna kandidatuppsats består av en längre översättning av en skönlitterär text från ryska till svenska och en kommentar till denna översättning som behandlar den översättningsproblematik som åtföljt just det här arbetet. Källtexten utgörs av första kapitlet i Aleksej Tolstojs Chmuroe utro (Grå gryning), tredje delen av hans trilogi Choždenie po mukam (Lidandets väg). I mitt översättningsarbete följer jag Eugene Nidas princip om dynamisk ekvivalens och i min kommentar fokuserar jag på att förklara hur jag arbetat med min översättning utifrån Nidas teorier och hur jag löst de översättningsproblem som uppstått under arbetets gång i enlighet med principen om dynamisk ekvivalens. I arbetet tar jag även upp den speciella problematik det inneburit att trilogins två förra delar redan finns på svenska i översättning av en annan översättare och redogör för hur jag valt att förhålla mig till denna tidigare översättning.This essay covers the translation of a fictional prose text from Russian to Swedish, the source text being the first chapter of Aleksey Tolstoy’s Chmuroe utro (Bleak Morning), the third part of his trilogy Choždenie po mukam (The Ordeal). A commentary of this translation is provided, where the linguistic abstractions encountered throughout the process are documented. My methodology attempts to emulate that of Eugene Nida and his principle of “Dynamic Equivalence”. This procedure is addressed in the commentary, as I explain how utilisation of Nida's theories can assist in overcoming the numerous peculiarities inherent to translation. I also deal with the issue regarding the first two books of the trilogy, which have already been translated into Swedish by another translator. In my work, I explain how and why I have chosen to relate to the earlier translation.
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Rohrlack, Henrike. "Der Comic als semiotisch komplexer Text: Spezifische Probleme seiner Übersetzung. Eine Untersuchung anhand der französischen Comic-Serie \"Astérix\" und ihrer deutschen Übersetzungen." Master's thesis, 2004. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A12164.
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Dass Comics nicht nur Unterhaltungswert besitzen, sondern durchaus auch von wissenschaftlich-theoretischem Interesse sind, beweisen zahlreiche Arbeiten mit den unterschiedlichsten Schwerpunkten. Neben den Beiträgen, die auf einer allgemeineren Ebene einen Überblick über die Geschichte, die verschiedenen Publikations- und Herstellungsformen, die einzelnen Bestandteile, die Funktionsweise und die stilistischen und thematischen Varianten des Comics vermitteln (z.B. Fuchs/Reitberger, 1971 und 1978, Havas/Habarta, 1992 und 1993 und McCloud, 1995), gibt es auch Untersuchungen, die sich speziell mit einzelnen Aspekten der Textsorte beschäftigen. Dazu gehören bspw. semiotische Ansätze wie die von Krafft (1978) und Fresnault-Deruelle (1972), die erziehungswissenschaftlich orientierte Auseinandersetzung mit dem Gegenstand (z.B. Grünewald, 1991 und 2000) und die Arbeiten aus Literaturwissenschaft (z.B. Stoll, 1974) und Sprachwissenschaft (z.B. Rothe, 1974 und Krieger, 2003).
Auch die Translatologie hat sich mit dem Thema Comic auseinandergesetzt. Eine Übersicht über generelle Probleme bei der Übersetzung dieser Textsorte bietet Schmitt (1997a). Einen ähnlich allgemeinen Anspruch haben die Arbeiten von Spillner (1980) und Schwarz (1989). Mit Sprachspielen als Teilaspekt der Comic-Übersetzung am Beispiel der französischen „Astérix“-Serie haben sich Grassegger (1985) und Schmitt (1997) beschäftigt.
Praktische Relevanz bekommen derartige Untersuchungen durch die Situation auf dem deutschen Comic-Markt, der bis heute von ausländischen Lizenzausgaben beherrscht wird (vgl. Grünewald, 2000:2 und Schmitt, 1999:266). Der größte Anteil liegt dabei auf Übersetzungen aus dem Französischen (vgl. Schmitt, 1999:267) und inzwischen, bedingt durch den „Manga-Boom“ (vgl. DER SPIEGEL 10/2001), auch aus dem Japanischen. Von grundlegendem theoretischen Interesse ist die translatologische Auseinandersetzung mit dem Phänomen Comic deshalb, weil sie im Zusammenhang mit der charakteristischen Wort-Bild-Einheit dieser Textsorte die generelle Frage danach berührt, welche konstitutiven Merkmale einen Text als solchen kennzeichnen und inwieweit auch nonverbale Elemente im Übersetzungsprozess Berücksichtigung finden müssen (vgl. dazu auch Schmitt, 1997a:619).
Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit soll eine weitere Annäherung an die semiotisch komplexe Textsorte Comic aus translatorischer Perspektive erfolgen. Da zum Comic aus allgemein künstlerisch-ästhetischer Sicht bereits zahlreiche Arbeiten vorliegen und das Thema, wie oben festgestellt, auch schon Gegenstand übersetzungswissenschaftlicher Beiträge war, wird hier der Analyse konkreter Fallbeispiele aus der Serie „Astérix“ von René Goscinny und Albert Uderzo und der jeweiligen deutschen Übersetzungslösungen besonderes Gewicht verliehen. Einzelne „Astérix“-Bände wurden in der Sekundärliteratur bislang hauptsächlich im Hinblick auf die Problematik der Sprachspiele untersucht (s. oben), während die für das Comic-Übersetzen ebenfalls relevanten typografischen und grafischen Besonderheiten und expliziten Bezüge auf die Ausgangskultur kaum Erwähnung fanden.
Nach einer allgemeinen Einführung in das Thema, in der das grafisch-literarische Phänomen Comic definitorisch eingegrenzt und seine Entwicklungsgeschichte, die verschiedenen inhaltlichen und formalen Varianten sowie die herstellungstechnischen Abläufe grob umrissen werden sollen (Abschnitt 2), geht es im Abschnitt 3 der Arbeit um eine übersetzungswissenschaftlich ausgerichtete Betrachtung der charakteristischen Merkmale und typischen Bestandteile der Textsorte Comic. Dabei wird zunächst der Versuch unternommen, zu einer dem Gegenstand angemessenen Textdefinition zu gelangen und die damit eng verbundene Frage nach dem Texttyp zu beantworten (3.1). Unter 3.2 sollen die wesentlichen Konstituenten von Comic-Texten sowie die besonderen Bedingungen ihres Zusammenspiels herausgearbeitet und die sich daraus ergebenden translatorischen Herausforderungen besprochen werden. Die so gewonnenen theoretischen Einsichten werden dann im 4. Abschnitt anhand konkreter Beispiele aus einer umfangreichen Auswahl von „Astérix“-Bänden und ihren Übertragungen ins Deutsche auf ihre praktische Relevanz hin überprüft. Die Serie eignet sich für derartige Untersuchungen in besonderem Maße, weil sie erstens einen großen Umfang aufweist (bisher sind 31 Bände erschienen), zweitens einen hohen Bekanntheitsgrad genießt und deshalb leicht zugänglich ist und drittens im Hinblick auf die mit der Textsorte Comic verbundenen Übersetzungsprobleme insbesondere aufgrund ihrer engen kulturellen Einbettung sowie der bemerkenswerten Quantität und Qualität der enthaltenen Sprachspiele ausgesprochen ergiebig ist. Dass „Astérix“ unter den Comics eine herausragende Stellung einnimmt und deshalb immer wieder Gegenstand theoretischer Betrachtungen ist, bemerken auch Havas/Habarta (1993): „Asterix künstlerisch gesehen, Asterix historisch gesehen, Asterix als Parodie der Geschichte, Asterix als Kinderlektüre auf der einen Seite, Asterix als Erwachsenenlektüre durch versteckte Hinweise und Anspielungen auf der anderen, Asterix in Latein, Asterix in Esperanto, (...) lebende Persönlichkeiten als Nebenfiguren in Asterix und so weiter, und so fort – kaum ein anderer Comic hat so viele interessante Aspekte aufzuweisen, über die zu berichten es sich lohnen würde.“ (ebd., S. 156/158).
Nach einer Vorstellung der Serie sowie ihrer deutschen Übersetzungen (4.1) und einer formalen und inhaltlichen Einordnung in die Textsorte Comic mit Blick auf die anzuwendende Übersetzungsmethode (4.2) werden unter 4.3 spezielle translatorische Probleme, nach thematischen Feldern geordnet, in drei verschiedenen Abschnitten behandelt: Umgang mit typografischen und grafischen Besonderheiten (4.3.1), Kulturspezifik (4.3.2) und Sprachspiele (4.3.3). Neben der Analyse von Belegstellen für Anspielungen und intertextuelle Bezüge im Ausgangstext und den entsprechenden Zieltextlösungen geht es unter der Überschrift „Kulturspezifik“ auch um den Vergleich der Arbeiten von drei verschiedenen „Astérix“-Übersetzern, die in ihrer grundsätzlichen Herangehensweise starke Unterschiede aufweisen (4.3.2.2. und 4.3.2.3).
Eine Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse erfolgt im Abschnitt 5.
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LIU, YU-LING, and 劉玉玲. "A Study on the Translation Problems of English for Specific Purposes:A Case Study of Fire English Translation." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41185748845996839520.
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碩士輔仁大學
跨文化研究所翻譯學碩士在職專班
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The goal of translation is to successfully convert one language into another in order to offer information. Through cross-cultural exchange, the professional translators translate the professional knowledge into the target language via efficient ways for the target readers. With the influence of globalization, in recent years, more and more fire scholars and experts go abroad to attend the international fire seminars. In addition, some enthusiastic professionals invite fire elites from all over the world to visit Taiwan to exchange professional knowledge and skills with local scholars and experts. With the example of fire English translation, this study intends to discuss the translation problems of fire English. Based on the Chinese translation of the proceedings of the fire international seminar, translated by a professional translator, this study explores the translating strategies of English based on the literature reviews of English for general purposes (EGP) and Englih for specific purposes (ESP) and compiles the revised translation into a corpus. Furthermore, the study analyzes seven types of the translation problems found in the corpus, generalizes nine interview outlines, and then interviews the translator, the project manager of the translation company, the proofreading scholars and the attendees of the seminar respectively to sum up the current translation problems of fire English and to offer some future directions regarding fire English translation.
Books on the topic "Specific problems of the translation of comics"
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Shakespeare, William. A midsummer night's dream: A facing-pages translation into contemporary English. Los Angeles: Lorenz Educational Publishers, 1995.
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Shakespeare, William. The tragedy of Macbeth: A facing-pages translation into contemporary English. Los Angeles: Lorenz Educational Publishers, 1995.
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Shakespeare, William. The tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark: A facing-pages translation into contemporary English. Los Angeles, CA: Lorenz Educational Publishers, 1996.
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Shakespeare, William. Macbeth: A facing-page edition : the original text and a translation into modern English. Whiting, Vt: Shakespeare-For-Today Trust, 1990.
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(Editor), William Shakespeare, and Jonnie Patricia Mobley (Editor), eds. Hamlet: Original text and facing-pages translation into contemporary English (Access to Shakespeare). Lorenz Educational Publishers, 1996.
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Shakespeare, William. Macbeth: Original text and facing-pages translation into contemporary English (Access to Shakespeare). Lorenz Educational Publishers, 2004.
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Manual for Hamlet: Original text and facing-pages translation into contemporary English (Access to Shakespeare). Lorenz Educational Publishers, 1996.
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Shakespeare, William. MacBeth: A Facing Page Edition--The Original Text and a Translation into Modern English (Today's Shakespeare). Shakespeare-For-Today Trust, 1990.
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Bons, Eberhard. Textual Criticism of the Prophetic Corpus. Edited by Carolyn J. Sharp. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199859559.013.7.
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This chapter provides an introduction to the essential issues, questions, and methods of textual criticism of the prophetic books of the Hebrew Bible (Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, the Twelve Minor Prophets). Particular focus is put on their major textual witnesses, i.e. the Masoretic Text (MT), the Septuagint as the oldest pre-Christian translation of the biblical text (LXX), the Qumran fragments of the prophetic corpus, and the Vulgate. The chapter confines itself to present basic text-critical issues of each of the books of Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor prophets. Attention is paid to new methods and procedures using a number of selected examples, each of which illustrates a specific category of problems.
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DelCarmen-Wiggins, Rebecca, and Alice S. Carter, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Infant, Toddler, and Preschool Mental Health Assessment. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199837182.001.0001.
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The fully revised and updated Handbook of Infant, Toddler, and Preschool Mental Health Assessment remains the first clinically-informative, research-based reference for those seeking to understand and assess mental health in infants and young children. It describes the latest empirical research on measures and methods of infant and young child assessment and provides clinically applicable information for those seeking to stay apprised of the latest empirical research on measures and procedures in early assessment. Through authoritative examination by leading developmental and clinical scholars, this handbook takes a closer look at current developmentally based conceptualizations of mental health function and dysfunction in infants and young children as well as current and new diagnostic criteria in such as specific disorders as sensory modulation dysfunction, autism spectrum disorders, affective disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Translation and application to a variety of settings is also discussed. The chapters are presented in four sections corresponding to four broad themes: (1) contextual factors in early assessment; (2) temperament and regulation in assessment of young children; (3) early problems and disorders; and (4) translation and varied applied settings for assessment. Each chapter presents state of the science information on valid, developmentally based clinical assessment and makes recommendations based on developmental theory, empirical findings, and clinical experience. Chapters have been revised and updated, and new chapters have been added to cover family assessment, early care and educational environments, new approaches to distinguish temperament from psychopathology, assess language, and implement second stage screening and referral. The volume recognizes and highlights the important role of developmental, social, and cultural contexts in approaching the challenge of assessing early problems and disorders. This new, updated volume will be an ideal resource for teachers, researchers, and wide variety of clinicians and trainees including child psychologists and psychologists, early interventionists, and early special educators.
Book chapters on the topic "Specific problems of the translation of comics"
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"SPECIFIC PROBLEMS OF LITERARY TRANSLATION." In Translation Studies, 93–146. Routledge, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203427460-11.
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Zironi, Alessandro. "L’arrivo di Grendel a Heorot." In Tradurre: un viaggio nel tempo. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-248-2/004.
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This essay takes into account some English translations of the Old English poem Beowulf. Matter of specific investigation is the passage of the coming of Grendel to the Danes’ court Heorot. As the translations of Beowulf are countless, only specific and emblematic cases – both in prose and verse – are analysed. Then, the translations by William Morris, Chancey Brewster Tinker, J.R.R. Tolkien, Seamus Heaney and John Porter are compared trying to ascertain the approach of those translators to the Old English text and furthermore the intentions they had in rendering the poem into Modern English. The big problem that all the translators consciously tackled was the chronological and linguistic distance of Beowulf that had to be solved in some way. Choices and strategies differ from one version to another, but every solution demonstrates a specific attention to the musicalness of the original together with a deep awareness for the tradition that the Old English poem embodies.
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Fox, Richard. "Translational Indeterminacy." In More Than Words, 153–72. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501725340.003.0007.
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The argument presented so far begs the question of translation. In reflecting on writing and its theorization, a range of materials from Bali has been considered. Yet at no point has an account been given of the ‘movement between languages’ on which this line of enquiry has depended. The aim of Chapter Seven is to face the problem squarely, and specify what we are actually doing when we presume to ‘translate’. It is noted that even our most radically detotalizing theorists (e.g., Derrida, Butler) have tended to fall back on a totalizing theory of language and culture when it comes to accounting for translation. To draw out the problematic nature of these assumptions, the chapter presents a pair of ethnographic vignettes in which key terms are caught between rival understandings of human agency and collective life. This sheds new light on the examples from previous chapters.
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Boot, Eddy, Jon Nelson, and Daniela De Faveri. "Lost In Translation." In Handbook of Visual Languages for Instructional Design, 366–79. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-729-4.ch018.
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Developing modern instructional software has become very complex. As a result, the communication between instructional designers and other stakeholders in the development process is becoming increasingly important. However, due to differences in background, focus, and tools among ISD stakeholders instructional designers lack the means to provide reasonably unequivocal design documentation for these stakeholders. These differences in stakeholders create a context where the design documents produced are not sufficiently related to the specific needs of the stakeholders, in terms of meaningful organization and differentiation of level of detail. This problem is complicated by the lack of shared design languages. These problems prevent precise expression of design information. The 3D-model is introduced to support instructional designers to stratify, elaborate, and formalize design documents, even if design languages are hardly shared between designers and other stakeholders. Two validation studies show that the 3D-model contributes to a better information transition between instructional designers and software producers—one of the stakeholders in the development process.
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Kimber, Gerri. "‘Among Wolves’ or ‘When in Rome’?: Translating Katherine Mansfield." In Katherine Mansfield and Translation. Edinburgh University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474400381.003.0009.
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Following a brief discussion of what constitutes a ‘good’ translation, this chapter seeks to demonstrate how the translation of Katherine Mansfield’s fiction into French is a complex process, which has rarely been executed well. There are fundamental problems in translating fiction such as Mansfield’s, where literary nuances such as the use of free indirect discourse, her very precise punctuation, together with her particular brand of humour, which includes specific idiolects, seldom survive translation from English to French. An examination will also be made of more than one translation of the same text, where such translations exist, to determine whether these newer translations offer a more accurate rendering of Mansfield’s original texts.
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Сhetyrova, L. B. "SPECIFIC OF BUDDHISM TRANSMISSION IN THE INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S BUDDHIST MOVEMENT." In Problems of Translation and Philosophical Interpretation of Buddhism (on the material of the Tibetan and Chinese traditions), 202–31. Buryat Scientific Center of SB RAS Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31554/978-5-7925-0530-8-2018-202-231.
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Groeneboer, Chris, and Monika Whitney. "An Overview of Knowledge Translation." In Machine Learning, 77–86. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-818-7.ch107.
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Knowledge translation (KT) was traditionally framed as a problem of moving research results into policy and practice. The impetus for the flow of knowledge originated with researchers constructing new knowledge and seeing its utility, or with policymakers and administrators seeing problems in practice and looking to researchers for solutions. In the 1970s, a shift in focus away from knowledge use was exemplified by Caplan’s (1979) two-communities theory, which posits that researchers and policymakers comprise two different communities with two different languages (Jacobson, Butterill, & Goering, 2003). A shift back to knowledge use with a new focus on user-centered design is evident in more recent KT models that provide frameworks for researcher and user interaction in order to build better understanding between diverse groups. The flow of knowledge from its construction in one context to its use in another context has been variously termed knowledge translation, knowledge exchange, knowledge transfer, research transfer, technology transfer, knowledge transformation, knowledge dissemination, knowledge mobilization, knowledge utilization, and research utilization. The terms are often used synonymously, but a specific term is sometimes used because it highlights a particular component of the knowledge flow process. For example, knowledge exchange implies a sharing of information between partners of equal value and focuses on the movement of knowledge between them, whereas research utilization implies the transformation of research results into usable knowledge and focuses on embedding the usable knowledge in practice. Information technologies have the potential to support knowledge translation in powerful ways. Key processes in the translation of knowledge include: (1) knowledge creation, management, and dissemination; (2) recognition of links between existing knowledge and its potential application to problems or practice; (3) translation into usable knowledge in practice; and (4) change in practice. Information technologies are a natural solution for these knowledge translation processes. For example, group and social software such as blogs and wikis support collaborative construction and sharing of knowledge; knowledge management systems support capture, storage, accessibility, and maintenance of constructed knowledge; and most Internet-based technologies support dissemination of information. Well-designed virtual communities provide online environments for the kinds of human interaction that enable collaborative exploration of ideas, that foster recognition of potential links between existing knowledge and its application to solve problems or change practice, and that inspire people to transform their practice. Data mining and artificial intelligence techniques can be used to enhance identification of potential links between knowledge in one context and problems in another context.
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Bovkunova, Oksana. "SEMANTIC FEATURES OF LEXICAL UNITS AND THE MAIN ASPECTS OF THEIR TRANSLATION PROBLEMS." In Іншомовна комунікація: інноваційні та традиційні підходи, 73–97. Primedia eLaunch LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/ikitp.monograph-2021.05.
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The article examines the linguistic and non-linguistic aspects of translation, certain components of translation activity and their relationship. It specified features of the translation process, taking into account its linguistic and non-linguistic aspects. Particular attention is paid to the role of background knowledge and the correct understanding of the subject situation in the translation process, the stylistic components of modeling text translation systems are emphasized. The article highlights the interpretation of a number of concepts of modern cognitive semantics. The semantic characteristics of metaphorical and phraseological units are investigated. The article discusses the specificity of translation of certain categories of vocabulary, the compatibility of words in the translation process, the features of translation of stable phrases, methods of reproduction of phraseological units, translation of figurative phraseological units, metaphors. Special attention is paid to the expressive transformation of phraseological units and their reflection in translation. Formal-meaningful transformations with a pragmatic component as a change in the form and content of units in the text, text fragments in order to balance the pragmatic impact of translation on its reader (phraseological, figurative, conceptual, axiological, metatextual) play an essential role in modern translation studies. The concept of the communicative purpose of the text, the transfer of the stylistic coloring of words, expressive concretization while translating into the native language, pragmatic adaptation of the text are investigated. Special attention is paid to words expressing specific concepts and to their translation into the native language; historical and extralinguistic factors in the selection of the means of their translation are also stressed in the article.
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Shevchyk, Kateryna. "TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH SLANG IN ADVERTISEMENTS." In Factors of cross- and intercultural communication in the higher educational process of Ukraine. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-051-3-9.
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In the modern world, in the epoch of growth of information technologies, an advertisement is one of the most popular varieties of mass communication that rapidly develops. The growth of advertisement substantially influences on lexical composition of language, creates in a language new concepts and expressions, in particular slang and jargon. Native speakers begin to use such vocabulary in everyday life. Especially modern English has such phenomenon, because it is used all over the world. Nowadays, an advertisement performs the function of public ideas formation. Influencing on people, an advertisement creates consumer philosophy and ideology. One of the most sensible to the advertisement categories of people is youth, because they are in the process of active socialization. Exactly an advertisement is mostly aimed at young consumers, that is why it becomes more widely spread and such products need specific language means of influence. Advertisement makers try to overcome psychological distance between an advertisement and audience, so they use of extralinguistic language units, elements of slang or to create new words. Topicality of this work is defined by the fact that a slang is an integral part of English, and the latest research of slang is of great importance. A slang is one of the most actual and ambiguous problems of modern lexicology. In the world where new slang units appear every day, updating of theoretical and practical knowledge of slang and its functions is very important for modern lexicology. In addition, the deeper analysis of advertisement reports with a slang must be done. A scientific novelty of work is that theoretical knowledge in relation to a slang and advertisement in the conditions of modern development of information technologies are incorporated and generalized; opinions of scientists are analyzed in relation to functioning of slang in an advertisement. The aim of the article is to study features of slang functioning in modern English-language advertisements and analysis of basic methods of translating of such advertisement texts. The achievement of these aims needs solution of the following tasks: 1) to interpret a concept "slang" and "jargon" and define, what a slang differs from jargon in the context of the newest researches; 2) to present the basic methods of forming of slang in modern English; 3) to describe the general views of slang and identify their specifics; 4) to interpret a concept "advertisement" and describe the stylistic features of advertisement text; 5) to describe the features of slang use in advertisement texts; 6) to explain functioning of slang in an advertisement on the example of advertisement slogans and texts; 7) to define the specific features of English-Ukrainian translation of advertisements. The subject of research is an analysis of slang features in modern English and Ukrainian languages in advertisement texts.
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Nowak-Korcz, Paulina. "Makrostruktura tekstów orzeczeń sądowych na przykładzie polskich i francuskich wyroków." In Języki specjalistyczne w komunikacji interkulturowej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/8220-071-3.04.
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This article concerns the comparative analysis of Polish and French Civil Court judicial decisions. Although the analyzed texts of judicial decisions are rooted in the culture of civil law and feature many similarities between the systems of Polish and French laws, both Polish and French judgments differ at the level of the global, graphic structure of texts. The article discusses the macrostructure of Polish and French judgments and their importance in the translation process. Next, selected problems emerging during their translation are presented in order to familiarize translators and interpreters with difficulties arising from the specific style and form of civil law judgments. The study is based on the analysis of comparable texts, as well as the model of pragmatic translation of legal terms proposed by Kierzkowska (2002). In addition, it is based on empirical observations of expressions and structures typical of Polish and French judgments. The author also emphasizes the special role of comparable texts in specialised translation and advocates the need to distinguish comparable and parallel texts.
Conference papers on the topic "Specific problems of the translation of comics"
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Chen, Guanhua, Yun Chen, Yong Wang, and Victor O. K. Li. "Lexical-Constraint-Aware Neural Machine Translation via Data Augmentation." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/496.
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Leveraging lexical constraint is extremely significant in domain-specific machine translation and interactive machine translation. Previous studies mainly focus on extending beam search algorithm or augmenting the training corpus by replacing source phrases with the corresponding target translation. These methods either suffer from the heavy computation cost during inference or depend on the quality of the bilingual dictionary pre-specified by user or constructed with statistical machine translation. In response to these problems, we present a conceptually simple and empirically effective data augmentation approach in lexical constrained neural machine translation. Specifically, we make constraint-aware training data by first randomly sampling the phrases of the reference as constraints, and then packing them together into the source sentence with a separation symbol. Extensive experiments on several language pairs demonstrate that our approach achieves superior translation results over the existing systems, improving translation of constrained sentences without hurting the unconstrained ones.
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Hernández Espino, Ana. "CULTURAL TRANSLATION BEYOND AN INTERDISCIPLINARY EXIT, A MEETING OF KNOWLEDGE." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end008.
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In a context of intercultural conflicts, of exclusive educational policies, it is necessary to create inclusive perspectives, enabling coexistence between different cultures. A Latin American educational framework rooted in neoliberal policies restricts creative gazes. Two doctoral researches carried out with a perspective of Popular Education, one in Mexico, Costa Rica, Argentina and Uruguay and another on a specific experience in Uruguay show the potential of the emancipatory component. His socio-historical analyzes link the educational proposals with the historical evolution of their problems in relation to their contexts. Cultural translation is presented as one of the potentialities, where weighted popular knowledge is rescued by groups. Some socio-community referents have skills to know, understand and translate the demands. A training obtained from the analysis of the experience and knowledge of the groups stimulates decolonization processes.
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Capelli, Claudio, Giorgia M. Bosi, Daria Cosentino, Giovanni Biglino, Sachin Khambadkone, Graham Derrick, Philipp Bonhoeffer, Andrew M. Taylor, and Silvia Schievano. "Patient-Specific Simulations in Interventional Cardiology Practice: Early Results From a Clinical/Engineering Centre." In ASME 2013 Conference on Frontiers in Medical Devices: Applications of Computer Modeling and Simulation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fmd2013-16179.
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Patient-specific models have been recently applied to investigate a wide range of cardiovascular problems including cardiac mechanics, hemodynamic conditions and structural interaction with devices [1]. The development of dedicated computational tools which combined the advances in the field of image elaboration, finite element (FE) and computational fluid-dynamic (CFD) analyses has greatly supported not only the understanding of human physiology and pathology, but also the improvement of specific interventions taking into account realistic conditions [2, 3]. However, the translation of these technologies into clinical applications is still a major challenge for the engineering modeling community, which has to compromise between numerical accuracy and response time in order to meet the clinical needs [4]. Hence, the validation of in silico against in vivo results is crucial. Finally, if the development of novel tools has recently attracted big investments [5], it has not been similarly easy to dedicate funds and time to test the developed technologies on large numbers of patient cases.
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Zhu, Lijuan, Uma Jayaram, Sankar Jayaram, and OkJoon Kim. "Ontology-Driven Integration of CAD/CAE Applications: Strategies and Comparisons." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87768.
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In this paper we present a detailed exploration of ontology-driven approaches and strategies for integrating product data between CAD/CAE applications. We structure the ontology model into three layers: General Domain Ontology, Domain Specific Ontology, and Application Specific Ontology. In particular, Application Specific Ontologies are built for PRO/E, CATIA, and a virtual assembly design tool called VADE. This allows the integration processes to be demonstrated for a) two applications in the common domain of product design, and b) two applications in different domains, one in the product design domain and the other in an assembly simulation domain. In addition, these ontology-driven strategies are compared with two other approaches. The first study focuses on the knowledge modeling aspect and compares the ontology approach with a standard modeling language, UML. The second study focuses on data integration and translation aspect and compares the ontology-driven approach with a traditional one. It is concluded that an ontology-driven approach is superior for solving heterogeneous data problems involving multiple applications by managing data on semantic level.
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Robinson Fryer, Bryan John, and M. Dolores Olvera-Lobo. "Making friends with your team: The benefits of raising learner awareness of intra-team relations." In Third International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head17.2017.5481.
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To highlight the importance of teamwork and intra-team relationships beyond the classroom, in a small study population of undergraduate students of Translation studies, we have attempted to raise awareness of teamwork processes so as to empower learners in managing their interaction and ensure they gain valuable pre-professional experience. Following specific input and the construction of randomized teams, we questioned learners about their previous and current experience of teamwork, their knowledge of team colleagues and the changes their relationships underwent, and prior academic performance versus expectations of current performance and how teamwork might influence this. Our results indicate teamwork substantially improved levels of intimacy, enhanced the quality of the experience, and raised awareness of the benefits of the team per se. However, some learners recognized personal difficulties with teamwork that they were unable to overcome and, in this context, “people problems” became increasingly important. Nonetheless, learners were convinced that teamwork would have a positive influence on their final grades.
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Wu, Qianhui, Zijia Lin, Börje F. Karlsson, Biqing Huang, and Jian-Guang Lou. "UniTrans : Unifying Model Transfer and Data Transfer for Cross-Lingual Named Entity Recognition with Unlabeled Data." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/543.
Full textAbstract:
Prior work in cross-lingual named entity recognition (NER) with no/little labeled data falls into two primary categories: model transfer- and data transfer-based methods. In this paper, we find that both method types can complement each other, in the sense that, the former can exploit context information via language-independent features but sees no task-specific information in the target language; while the latter generally generates pseudo target-language training data via translation but its exploitation of context information is weakened by inaccurate translations. Moreover, prior work rarely leverages unlabeled data in the target language, which can be effortlessly collected and potentially contains valuable information for improved results. To handle both problems, we propose a novel approach termed UniTrans to Unify both model and data Transfer for cross-lingual NER, and furthermore, leverage the available information from unlabeled target-language data via enhanced knowledge distillation. We evaluate our proposed UniTrans over 4 target languages on benchmark datasets. Our experimental results show that it substantially outperforms the existing state-of-the-art methods.