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Challis, Jasmine, Roisin Cahalan, Phil Jakeman, Orfhlaith Nibhriain, Linda Cronin, and Sue Reeves. "Dietary Intake, Body Composition, and Nutrition Knowledge of Irish Dancers." Journal of Dance Medicine & Science 24, no. 3 (2020): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12678/1089-313x.24.3.105.
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Irish dance requires lengthy, intensive training to perform at a high level in competitions and professionally. Irish dancers have been known to have high injury rates. Appropriate nutrient and fluid intakes have been shown to minimize the risk of fatigue and injury during training and performance in sport, but there is a lack of evidence as to whether and how this might apply in Irish dance. Forty adult Irish dancers, 35 females (age 21 ± 3 years) and five males (aged 27 ± 8 years), professionals or in full time training, were recruited for this study to investigate nutrition knowledge, dietary intake, and body composition. Participants were asked to complete "The Sport Nutrition Questionnaire," a sport- and dance-specific nutrition knowledge questionnaire, 4 day estimated food diaries, and under-take a dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan to assess body composition. Food diaries were analyzed using Dietplan 7. Reported energy, fiber, iron (females), magnesium (females), selenium, iodine (females), and folate (females) intakes were below United Kingdom dietary reference values. Fruit and vegetable intakes were low: 2.7 ± 1.4 portions per day. Sixteen percent of days reported contained no fruits or vegetables. Mean body mass index (BMI) for 35 female participants was 23.2 ± 3.3 kg/m2, mean BMI for five male participants was 22.2 ± 1.6 kg/m2. Mean body fat measured by DXA in 18 female participants was 33.4% ± 6.9%, which was higher than seen in other dance populations. Mean lean mass was 40.8 ± 5.6 kg. Mean score for the nutrition knowledge questionnaire in which the maximum score is 65, was 30.5 ± 7.6 (47% ± 11.7%), range: 9 to 44 (14% to 68%). The ability of the Irish dancers to correctly identify foods as being high or low in carbohydrate, protein, and fat varied widely. Body composition did not correlate with intake of any nutrient but did correlate with nutrition knowledge questionnaire score (r = -.663, p < 0.001). Given the dietary intakes and nutrition knowledge exhibited by the dancers in this study, further work is needed to inform and improve diets and support the demands of Irish dance.
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McIntyre, Lauren, and Marc Campo. "Descriptive Values for Dancers on Baseline Concussion Tools." Journal of Athletic Training 52, no. 11 (2017): 1035–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-52.10.14.
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Context: Capturing baseline data before a concussion can be a valuable tool in individualized care. However, not all athletes, including dancers, have access to baseline testing. When baseline examinations were not performed, clinicians consult normative values. Dancers are unique athletes; therefore, describing values specific to dancers may assist those working with these athletes in making more informed decisions.Objective: To describe values for key concussion measures of dancers. Our secondary aim was to examine whether differences existed between sexes and professional status. Finally, we explored factors that may affect dancers' scores.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: Professional dance companies and a collegiate dance conservatory.Patients or Other Participants: A total of 238 dancers (university = 153, professional = 85; women = 171; men = 67; age = 21.1 ± 4.8 years).Main Outcome Measure(s): We calculated the total symptom severity from the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool–3rd edition; the Standardized Assessment of Concussion score; the modified Balance Error Scoring System score; and the King-Devick score for each participant. Group differences were analyzed with Mann-Whitney or t tests, depending on the data distribution. We used bivariate correlations to explore the effects of other potential influencing factors.Results: Participants demonstrated the following baseline outcomes: symptom severity = 16.6 ± 12.8; Standardized Assessment of Concussion = 27.5 ± 1.8; modified Balance Error Scoring System = 3.2 ± 3.1 errors; and King-Devick = 41.5 ± 8.2 seconds. A Mann-Whitney test revealed differences in King-Devick scores between female (40.8 ± 8.0 seconds) and male (43.4 ± 8.4 seconds) dancers (P = .04). An independent-samples t test also demonstrated a difference in modified Balance Error Scoring System scores between female (2.95 ± 3.1 errors) and male (3.8 ± 3.1 errors) dancers (P = .02). Age, hours of sleep, height, and history of concussion, depression, or injury did not display moderate or strong associations with any of the outcome measures.Conclusions: Dancers' symptom severity scores appeared to be higher than the values reported for other athletes. Additional studies are needed to establish normative values and develop a model for predicting baseline scores.
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Kannykin, Stanislav Vladimirovich. "Sociocultural substantiation of running in the traditional games and ethnosport." Человек и культура, no. 3 (March 2021): 128–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8744.2021.3.33314.
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The subject of this research is the determination of sociocultural specificity of running practices within the framework of traditional games and ethnosport. Despite considerable amount of works dedicated to the traditional games and ethnosport, scholars&rsquo; attention has not been previously drawn to sociocultural peculiarities of running as the most universal form of physical activity of the amateur participant or a professional athlete, which substantiates the relevance of the selected topic. Traditional games and ethnosport perform an important mission in modern world &ndash; they impart sports and competitive activity with humanism, instilling the elements of folk culture. Running, as a universal component of sports, becomes one of the means of consolidation, demonstration, and translation of ethnic values within the framework of traditional games. The author reveals the following peculiarities of running in the sociocultural situation of traditional games and ethnosport: running as an element of military games and traditional non-militarized team games; running as an element of mating ritual; running as am entertainment; utilitarian oriented running; substitute running. The ideological foundation of running in the context of traditional games and ethnosport is a myth; the considered form of running is humanistically oriented, as it does not suggest over limit body burden and full subordination of a person to sport; running is a method of psycho-emotional relief and helps to achieve harmony with the nature; it is gender-specific and often specialized running; it ensures solidarity of a social group; a form of expressing patriotism; an important element of event tourism; a substantial component of ethnopedagogy; an element of ethnic dance; an element of children's game&rsquo; a type of economic activity inherent to a particular nation.
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MARTIROSOVA, T. A., E. D. KONDRASHOVA, and D. V. LOGINOV. "HISTORICAL AND ANALYTICAL APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS IN RUSSIA." Bulletin of Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafiev 54, no. 4 (2020): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.25146/1995-0861-2020-54-4-244.
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Statement of the problem. In the legislation of the Russian Federation, physical culture and sport are prescribed as the most important components of the integral development of the individual. Physical culture and sports are represented by a set of achievements in improving health and forming a healthy lifestyle of the Russian population. Despite the fact that rhythmic gymnastics is a relatively young sport, it should be a physical culture and sports practice for the creative development of the values of sports, and actively used for the comprehensive development of the Russian population. Its means and methods should serve to improve the sports skills of Russian gymnasts to represent them on the international stage, self-improvement, improve performance, increase the body’s resistance to adverse environmental influences, reduce the incidence of diseases in order to preserve the country’s gene pool. The purpose of the article is to consider the development of rhythmic gymnastics in Russia from the point of view of a historical and analytical approach; on the basis of the identified gymnastic systems of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, to form criteria for modern rhythmic gymnastics that improve the athletic skills of gymnasts. Methodology (materials and methods). A review of the scientific literature has shown that the study of the development of rhythmic gymnastics based on a historical and analytical approach is an empirical component for identifying and establishing general historical patterns. Historical phenomena are analyzed on the basis of a logical method of study. The principle of concrete historical research involves the study of the meaningful history of the subject under study in specific empirical manifestations. And the abstract-historical principle reveals historical regularity, without referring to the empirical history itself. The abstract-historical principle reconstructs the selected regularity on the basis of theoretical assumptions. The knowledge gained in the course of studying the past indicates the independent value of information. The historical-analytical approach is based on the “principle of historicism”. In a broad sense, this principle means the need to consider the phenomenon under study in its present state from the perspective of the past, determining the continuity between historical forms. Research results. Within the framework of the historical and analytical approach, the main criteria in modern rhythmic gymnastics are formed, which will serve to improve the sports skills of gymnasts. Conclusions. The formed main criteria of modern rhythmic gymnastics, identified on the basis of gymnastic systems of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, included: technical and artistic performance of compositions. The first reflects the technical and aesthetic characteristics of gymnastic elements and combinations, which include technical and aesthetic characteristics-posture, leg inversion, accuracy of movement, lightness, completeness, unity. The second reveals the ability of gymnasts to create an artistic image, convey feelings and mood through expressive gestures and facial expressions, musicality and dance.
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Łuczaj, Kamil. "Lowbrows as Rebels: Under What Circumstances a “Low” Musical Genre Can Change its Cultural Value? The Case of Disco Polo and Populism in Poland." Social Communication 6, no. 1 (2020): 106–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sc-2020-0011.
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Abstract The sociology of culture and the sociology of valuation and evaluation are closely related (Lamont 2012). In both cases, social hierarchies are the primary, fundamental focal point. Usually, sociologists of culture show what the necessary conditions for building social boundaries in a given historical context are (see e.g. Bourdieu, 1984; Ang, 1985; Ikegami, 2005). The main aim of this paper, however, is to present how lowbrow aesthetics can resist fierce social critique and how social stigma related to “low” tastes can be reversed. I focus on “disco polo” – a genre of simple dance music that became popular in the early 1990s, almost disappeared in 2010s, and recently came back all of the sudden. Disco polo (henceforth: DP) formed an entire aesthetics style, comprising not only music and a kitschy (thus stigmatized and ridiculed) style of videos, but also androcentric values behind the lyrics, a specific way of dressing – with prominent status signifiers such as golden chains or sport cars. Although the empirical material comes from Poland, the core issue is far more generally applicable: the rehabilitation of the lowermost (from the point of view of Bourdieusian dominant classes) kitschy tastes (Kulka 1996; Ward 1996), which is very different from camp sensibility (Sontag 2018). How can lowbrow consumers resist symbolic oppression and derive pleasure from culturally sanctioned “shameful” objects? Focusing on the historical example of this typically Polish music genre, I will show under what circumstances the open rejection of legitimate tastes and admiration of low tastes is possible.
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Trost, Stewart G., Christopher C. Drovandi, and Karin Pfeiffer. "Developmental Trends in the Energy Cost of Physical Activities Performed by Youth." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 13, s1 (2016): S35—S40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2015-0723.
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Background:Published energy cost data for children and adolescents are lacking. The purpose of this study was to measure and describe developmental trends in the energy cost of 12 physical activities commonly performed by youth.Methods:A mixed age cohort of 209 participants completed 12 standardized activity trials on 4 occasions over a 3-year period (baseline, 12-months, 24-months, and 36-months) while wearing a portable indirect calorimeter. Bayesian hierarchical regression was used to link growth curves from each age cohort into a single curve describing developmental trends in energy cost from age 6 to 18 years.Results:For sedentary and light-intensity household chores, YOUTH METs (METy) remained stable or declined with age. In contrast, METy values associated with brisk walking, running, basketball, and dance increased with age.Conclusions:The reported energy costs for specific activities will contribute to efforts to update and expand the youth compendium.
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Kostakis, Vasilis, and Alexandros Pazaitis. "Who Creates Value?" Administrative Culture 21, no. 1 (2020): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32994/hk.v21i1.253.
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The Last Dance is a sports documentary miniseries focusing on the 1997-98 NBA champions Chicago Bulls and their star Michael Jordan. Through the lenses of The Last Dance, whose global popularity has been unprecedented for a documentary, we discuss value from a historical, political and cultural perspective. First, this paper provides a concise account of the ambivalent nature of value from a historical perspective. We then discuss the Bulls’ General Manager dispute with Jordan over whether the players or the organization win championships; and the Scottie Pippen “injustice” according to which Pippen, a top Bulls player, was underpaid. By addressing these two issues, we show that all value is collectively produced. We argue that all value approaches are imperfect, temporary and context-specific. We thus highlight the need for scholars and policymakers to critically discuss value and point to the commons sphere for more inclusive understandings of value.
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Pavlyuk, T. "GERMAN OPEN CHAMPIONSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENT OF COMPETITIVE BALLROOM DANCING." Innovative Solution in Modern Science 2, no. 38 (2020): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.26886/2414-634x.2(38)2020.15.
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The evolution of the German Open Ballroom Dance Championships (The German Open Competitions) 1987-2020 was investigated. The dynamics of the program of the championship competition through the prism of the genesis of dance sport was examined and the stages of the formation of the sports and dance movement in Germany at the beginning of XIX were revealed. Based on the analysis of the transformation processes of the largest sports ballroom championship in the world, the main trends in the development of dance programs have been identified. The analytical, comparative-typological, systemic, typological-structural method, as well as the method of art and compositional analysis have been applied.Keywords: competitive ballroom dancing, dance sport, The German Open Competitions, competition program, development trends.
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Robson, Bonnie E. "Competition in Sport, Music, and Dance." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 19, no. 4 (2004): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2004.4026.
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This paper reviews the literature in sports psychology that may be relevant in the study of competition in music and dance education, giving the reader a basis for comparison of the arts literature. Opinions vary on whether competition is good or bad for the developing child. Some believe that competitiveness is innate behavior and that competition is a motivation for high achievement. Others believe that competition detracts from performance as the increased stress and anxiety lead to a decrease in focus and, perhaps, to a decrease in self-esteem, especially for individuals with an ego orientation (a focus on comparison with others) as opposed to a mastery orientation (focus on improvement of one’s own skills). The instruments used to measure the temperamental characteristics related to competition are discussed, including the Competitive Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory. The paper then discusses the specific research that has been done on competition in music education and in dance education. Further research is needed to determine how much competition is healthy and whether the work in sports psychology can be adapted to research in the arts.
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Kuliś, Szymon, Edyta Sienkiewicz-Dianzenza, and Romuald Stupnicki. "Anaerobic endurance of dance sport athletes." Biomedical Human Kinetics 12, no. 1 (2020): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2020-0018.
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SummaryStudy aim: To assess the impact of an ordinary training week cycle lasting 6 months on the anaerobic endurance of dance sport athletes.Material and methods: Two couples of standard style and six couples of ten dance style, aged 14–26 years, of diverse competitive categories (E, D, B, A, S), were subjected to maximum runs 8 × 50 m spaced by 15-s intermissions, before and after half-year training. Running time of every run and post-run heart rate (HR) were measured. The results were expressed as running velocities (m/s) and R-R intervals for heart rates.Results: Velocities were significantly higher in the post-test (5.21 ± 0.21 m/s and 5.57 ± 0.34 m/s for women and men, respectively) than in the pre-test (5.13 ± 0.13 m/s and 5.39 ± 0.24 m/s, for women and men, respectively) (F1,14 = 14.70, p = 0.0018, η2 = 0.51) despite the fact that a significant decrease of speed in each successive run was noted (F7,98 = 82.19, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.85) for all of the participants in the pre-test and post-test.Conclusions: The half-year training cycle of dance sport couples had no significant impact on their anaerobic endurance. It seems that individual training plans should include dancing interval exercises and interval training. The performance index is a useful tool in monitoring the training process and can be used as an accurate method for evaluating the anaerobic predispositions of athletes. It is recommended to develop specific, test-suitable dancing exercises.
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Tamir, Ilan. "A rare dance." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 56, no. 3 (2021): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690221993653.
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The enormous success of The Last Dance, the sports documentary on Michael Jordan’s career, and especially his last season, is the result of a rare confluence of factors, each of which is a unique and rare phenomenon in the history of sport. Their combination has already turned the mini-series into a global media event of the kind that is usually reserved for live broadcasts of extraordinary events. A basketball player with unusual personal and professional abilities, supported by a highly polished and well-oiled marketing system; the specific window of time in which his star shone – the late 1990s, when the era of media commercialization and globalization flourished, yet before the emergence of social media and their typical critical discourse; the rise in sports documentaries in recent years; and encasing all of these is the time of the documentary’s broadcast, when sports life across the world ceased due to the coronavirus. The mini-series, which seemingly deals with a single season in the career of a single player in a single sport, is actually so much more. It is a composition reflecting much wider social, sports and media phenomena.
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Di Nota, Paula M., Michael P. Olshansky, and Joseph F. X. DeSouza. "Expert Event Segmentation of Dance Is Genre-Specific and Primes Verbal Memory." Vision 4, no. 3 (2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision4030035.
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By chunking continuous streams of action into ordered, discrete, and meaningful units, event segmentation facilitates motor learning. While expertise in the observed repertoire reduces the frequency of event borders, generalization of this effect to unfamiliar genres of dance and among other sensorimotor experts (musicians, athletes) remains unknown, and was the first aim of this study. Due to significant overlap in visuomotor, language, and memory processing brain networks, the second aim of this study was to investigate whether visually priming expert motor schemas improves memory for words related to one’s expertise. A total of 112 participants in six groups (ballet, Bharatanatyam, and “other” dancers, athletes, musicians, and non-experts) segmented a ballet dance, a Bharatanatyam dance, and a non-dance control sequence. To test verbal memory, participants performed a retrieval-induced forgetting task between segmentation blocks. Dance, instrument, and sport word categories were included to probe the second study aim. Results of the event segmentation paradigm clarify that previously-established expert segmentation effects are specific to familiar genres of dance, and do not transfer between different types of experts or to non-dance sequences. Greater recall of dance category words among ballet and Bharatanatyam dancers provides novel evidence for improved verbal memory primed by activating familiar sensorimotor representations.
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GROSU, E. F., H. I. VARI, and V. T. GROSU. "REDUCING STRESS IN SCHOOL CHILDREN THROUGH THE USE OF SOME DANCE TECHNICAL ELEMENTS AS A FORM OF THERAPY." Series IX Sciences of Human Kinetics 13(62), no. 2 (2020): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.shk.2020.13.62.2.17.
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Dance therapy, after numerous researches, has proven to be a very beneficial exercise. We are considering reducing stress by applying an intervention plan based on a succession of specific dance steps, artistic program, made by entirely for this purpose. Our results show that the initial measurement, after the intervention program, students were able to greatly reduce mental tensions by further discharged their muscle tension. Certain indicators of stress can be improved by practicing a moment of sport dance with art therapy effect.
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Muir, Irene, Krista J. Munroe-Chandler, and Todd Loughead. "A Qualitative Investigation of Young Female Dancers’ Use of Imagery." Sport Psychologist 32, no. 4 (2018): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2017-0123.
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Although dancers have noted using imagery to mentally rehearse a routine, understand and reinforce movement, inspire strong emotions, and lower arousal levels, this finding is specific to adult dancers, overlooking imagery use with young dancers. The current study qualitatively examined the 4 Ws of imagery use (where, when, what, and why) with female dancers 7–14 years of age. Twenty-three female dancers (Mage = 10.43, SD = 2.19) from various dance styles participated in 1 of 4 focus-group discussions. Thematic analysis revealed findings similar to those identified in the domains of both adult dance and children’s sport. There were, however, findings emerging from the current study specific to young female dancers. These findings are provided, in addition to practical implications for dance instructors.
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Soronovych, Igor, Chenguang Mu, Di Huang, and Andrii Diachenko. "SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MODELING AS A FEATURE OF MANAGING THE FUNCTIONAL CAPABILITIES AMONG QUALIFIED DANCE ATHLETES." Sport Science and Human Health 5, no. 1 (2021): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2664-2069.2021.111.
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Introduction. Current trends in the development of sports dance indicate the impact of modern knowledge of sports science on the system of improving the functional support of special performance of dancers. The lack of a systematic approach to the management of training loads significantly affects the formation of specific methodological approaches to improving the special performance of dancers, taking into account the specific characteristics of training inherent in sports that combine sports and art. The aim is to develop a systematic approach aimed at modeling the special functional training of dancers, taking into account the specific requirements of training in sport dances. Material and methods: analysis of special scientific and methodical literature. Theoretical research methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, concretization, systematization. Results. The structure and algorithm of realization of modeling of special functional preparation in sports dance are developed: 1) Structural organization of the analysis directed on formation of the system approach to modeling of sports training. 2) Specific principles of forming a systematic approach to modeling the training of dancers. 3) Structural and logical scheme of modeling the functional readiness of dancers. 4) Characteristics of models of training of athletes-dancers. 5) Aids for modeling the readiness of athletes in sport dances. Conclusions. The system approach is developed on the basis of the model-target approach of realization of modeling as functions of management of special functional preparation of athlete-dancers. The formation of the structural components of the model-target approach requires taking into account the specific components of training and preparedness inherent in sports that combine sport and art. The structural and logical scheme of realization of the model-target approach provides the algorithm which purpose consists in formation of the software of special functional preparation in sports dance.
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Durmic, Tijana, Biljana Lazovic, Marina Djelic, et al. "Sport-specific influences on respiratory patterns in elite athletes." Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 41, no. 6 (2015): 516–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-37562015000000050.
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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To examine differences in lung function among sports that are of a similar nature and to determine which anthropometric/demographic characteristics correlate with lung volumes and flows. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study involving elite male athletes (N = 150; mean age, 21 4 years) engaging in one of four different sports, classified according to the type and intensity of exercise involved. All athletes underwent full anthropometric assessment and pulmonary function testing (spirometry). RESULTS: Across all age groups and sport types, the elite athletes showed spirometric values that were significantly higher than the reference values. We found that the values for FVC, FEV1, vital capacity, and maximal voluntary ventilation were higher in water polo players than in players of the other sports evaluated (p < 0.001). In addition, PEF was significantly higher in basketball players than in handball players (p < 0.001). Most anthropometric/demographic parameters correlated significantly with the spirometric parameters evaluated. We found that BMI correlated positively with all of the spirometric parameters evaluated (p < 0.001), the strongest of those correlations being between BMI and maximal voluntary ventilation (r = 0.46; p < 0.001). Conversely, the percentage of body fat correlated negatively with all of the spirometric parameters evaluated, correlating most significantly with FEV1 (r = −0.386; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the type of sport played has a significant impact on the physiological adaptation of the respiratory system. That knowledge is particularly important when athletes present with respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and wheezing. Because sports medicine physicians use predicted (reference) values for spirometric parameters, the risk that the severity of restrictive disease or airway obstruction will be underestimated might be greater for athletes.
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Przednowek, Karolina H., Dorota Kopeć, and Anna Walaszczyk-Iskra. "PHYSIQUE AND BODY COMPOSITION OF GIRLS PRACTISING CONTEMPORARY DANCE." Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 24, no. 3 (2017): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjst-2017-0019.
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Abstract Introduction. Physique and body composition are often explored in sport-related research. This is due to the fact that morphological features can be useful for determining a person’s predispositions for practising a given type of physical activity. Dance, as any other sports discipline, has an impact on the physique and motor skills of those who practise it. Most research concerning the physique and body composition of dancers conducted so far has focused on persons practising ballet or competitive ballroom dancing. Investigating these issues in contemporary dancers is a new field of study. The aim of the current study was to examine the physique and body composition of girls aged 14-17 years practising contemporary dance. Material and methods. The study involved 23 girls who trained contemporary dance twice a week for 2 hours. The participants of the study had been training since the age of six. Basic anthropometric measurements were performed. Body composition was analysed based on parameters measured using a Tanita body composition analyser. Conclusions. The analysis found that girls training contemporary dance were characterised by a leptosomatic physique. BMI values in both younger and older contemporary dancers indicated that their weight was normal. Compared to girls who did not practise any particular type of sport, contemporary dancers had a lower weight, a lower body water percentage, and a lower body fat percentage. The dancers were also characterised by a greater circumference of the waist, hips, arm, and chest compared to untrained peers.
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Lee, Donghun, and Galen Trail. "The Influence of Personal Values and Goals on Cognitive and Behavioral Involvement in Sport." Journal of Sport Management 25, no. 6 (2011): 593–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.25.6.593.
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This exploratory study examined the relationships among personal values, life goals, and individuals’ cognitive and behavioral involvement in sport. Multiple regression analyses revealed that personal values and goals explained a small to large amount of variance in General Sport Fanship (28%), Team Identification (28%), Televised Sports Viewership (19%), Game Attendance (13%), Internet Use specific to Sport (13%), Sport Listenership (12%), Sport Merchandise Purchasing (9%), and Sport Readership (8%). Comprehending the practical implications of identifying personal values, and in some cases personal goals, that influence cognitive loyalty and sport consumer behavior might improve sport marketers’ abilities to predict various types of sport involvement.
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Sekulic, Damir, Dasa Prus, Ante Zevrnja, Mia Peric, and Petra Zaletel. "Predicting Injury Status in Adolescent Dancers Involved in Different Dance Styles: A Prospective Study." Children 7, no. 12 (2020): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children7120297.
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The positive effects of dance on health indices in youth are widely recognized, but participation in dance is accompanied with a certain risk of injury. This prospective study aimed to investigate injury occurrence and to evaluate the possible influences of specific predictors on the occurrence of musculoskeletal problems and injuries in adolescent dancers. Participants were 126 dancers (21 males; 11–18 years), who were competitors in the urban dance, rock and roll, and standard/Latin dance genres. Predictors included sociodemographic factors, anthropometric/body build indices, sport (dance) factors, and dynamic balance. The outcome variable was injury status, and this was evaluated by the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Overuse Injury Questionnaire (OSTRC). Predictors were evaluated at baseline, and outcomes were continuously monitored during the study period of 3 months. During the study course, 53% of dancers reported the occurrence of a musculoskeletal problem/injury, and dancers suffered from an average of 0.72 injuries over the study period (95% CI: 0.28–1.41), giving a yearly injury rate of 280%. Gender and dance styles were not significantly related to the occurrence of injury. Higher risk for injury was evidenced in older and more experienced dancers. Dynamic balance, as measured by the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), was a significant protective factor of injury occurrence, irrespective of age/experience in dance. Knowing the simplicity and applicability of the SEBT, continuous monitoring of dynamic balance in adolescent dancers is encouraged. In order to prevent the occurrence of musculoskeletal problems/injuries in youth dancers, we suggest the incorporation of specific interventions aimed at improving dynamic balance.
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Kerwin, Shannon, Joanne MacLean, and Dina Bell-Laroche. "The Mediating Influence of Management by Values in Nonprofit Sport Organizations." Journal of Sport Management 28, no. 6 (2014): 646–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2013-0303.
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The theory of practicing values may provide valuable insight into the role of organizational values in sport organizations. This is particularly relevant in the nonprofit sport sector where managers operate with limited budgets and organizations may subscribe to specific ethical-social values related to organizational performance. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of organizational values on the performance of nonprofit sport organizations and the possible mediating effect of employing a management-by-values approach. Online questionnaires were collected from 24 national sport organizations, with a total sample of 103 participants. Results indicate management by values fully mediates the influence of ethical-social organizational values on organizational performance. These results are explained using the theory of practicing values, which emphasizes the need to intentionally manage values within sport organizations. Implications for research and practice are presented.
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Doumbia, Kadidia Viviane. "Globalization and Dance in West Africa." Congress on Research in Dance Conference Proceedings 40, S1 (2008): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2049125500000546.
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Dance in most African countries, especially in West Africa, is the responsibility of a particular class of the society. The main issue for performers or choreographers trained in modern standards is the transfer of information to dance professionals who are illiterate, approximately 75 percent of noneducated people on the continent. The majority are women. It is an oral tradition too, so diversity, globalization, and feminism mean nothing to them. The sociopolitical situation of the entire continent is a good example of the consequences of colonization that, besides being a historical big mistake, was also a disaster because it did not respect the structure of societies. Today's globalization of the world draws the continent down because it cannot consider Africa's specific needs. To me, dance cannot be globalized because of the creativity, identity, and social-specific values that would die.
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Abălașei, Beatrice, Radu Iacob, and Rareș Puni. "The impact of sport education on fundamental values." Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal 10, no. 19 (2017): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tperj-2017-0016.
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Abstract Sports values are those through which the human being attempts to develop under the rules, decisions, regulations, laws drafted by national or international organizations and accepted by each athlete. In the physical education lesson, when one or more values are appropriated, becoming convictions, they particularly structure the student's behavior, child's behavior and constitute an authentic leader of the actions and the way they are. Athletic activity is the only way to systematically and continuously develop sporting values and the desire to compete induced in the physical education lesson where students receive a knowledge system that forms a true theory of competition - all in the spirit of friendship, knowledge and mutual respect based on human being dignity. The aim of our approach is to educate children with universal values, Olympic values, and create a selfless, proactive, collaborative behavior that removes hierarchy. At the basis of education in the spirit of universal values will be sports games with modified rules. At the basis of the study, the survey method was based on a questionnaire and the analysis combined the qualitative and the quantitative interpretation. The results of the study point to the need to educate children through the means of action specific to physical education and sport, implicit of universal ones.
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Formenti, Damiano, Alessio Rossi, Tindaro Bongiovanni, et al. "Effects of Non-Sport-Specific Versus Sport-Specific Training on Physical Performance and Perceptual Response in Young Football Players." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (2021): 1962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041962.
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This study aimed to compare the effects of non-sport-specific and sport-specific training methods on physical performance and perceptual response in young football players. Seventy-nine under 11 participants were selected and assigned to non-sport-specific (NSSG), sport-specific (SSG), and control (CNTG) groups. The NSSG training protocol consisted of combined stimuli based on balance, agility, and jump rope drills. The SSG training protocol included technical exercises, defensive and offensive game-based drills, and a small-sided game. The CNTG included the participants not taking part in any sport training. All participants were tested for general motor coordination (Harre test), dynamic balance (Lower Quarter Y-balance test), and dribbling before and after 10 weeks of training (NSSG and SSG) or habitual activity (CNTG). At post-intervention, perceived enjoyment was requested by the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). A two-way repeated measure analysis of covariance was used to detect interactions and main effects of time and groups controlling for baseline values. Whereas, a one-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate PACES-related differences between groups. NSSG gained greater improvements (p < 0.05) compared with SSG in the Harre and Lower Quarter Y-balance tests, while dribbling skills improved similarly in both groups. Regarding PACES, NSSG and SSG presented a comparable perceived enjoyment. These findings suggest that a 10-week non-sport-specific training is an enjoyable practice capable to promote greater improvements in general motor coordination and dynamic balance compared with sport-specific training in youth football players. This can occur without impairment of football-specific skills.
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Miletic, Alen, Radmila Kostic, Ana Bozanic, and Durdica Miletic. "Pain Status Monitoring in Adolescent Dancers." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 24, no. 3 (2009): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2009.3026.
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Various dance techniques and performances have different effects on the biomechanics of the body and may lead to different injury profiles. Few studies have analyzed the risk of injury associated with particular types of dance, especially in adolescents when accelerated growth compounds the risk of injury. Ninety-six female dancers with international competitive dance experience from four Balkan European countries were selected from a population of 347 adolescent dancers for this study. Their average age was 13.8 yrs (range, 12 to 16). The subjects were divided into four groups according to their dance styles: cheerleading, dance show, disco dance, and standard and Latin dance. The first aim of the study was to identify differences between the various dance style groups in body mass index (BMI) and dance sport involvement. According to Wilks' test (oneway MANOVA), there was a significant multivariate effect (F = 13.8; p < 0.001) between the four dance groups. The dancers belonging to the disco group started systematic training earlier than the other dancers, the standard and Latin dancers practiced the most intensively, and the show dancers had considerably lower BMI than the disco dancers. The second aim of the study was to define the pain status in 14 body regions for dancers in the various dance styles by monitoring their pain status with the SEFIP questionnaire. The most common locations for pain were the calves (43.7%), knees (32.7%), and ankles (27.2%). According to the χ2 test, cheerleading dancers reported a significantly higher frequency of knee injuries, and standard and Latin dancers reported a significantly higher frequency of toe injuries. The specific way in which some dance disciplines are practiced and their dance techniques do induce characteristic injuries.
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Sokolova, Alla N. "The “Dance with Daggers” as an Ethno-Marker of Adyghe Culture." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 11, no. 1 (2021): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2021.103.
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This article reviews the history, semantic scope and meaning of the “dance with daggers”, which has survived today as a solo male stage number. The dance is becoming a very important part of academic dance concerts in the North Caucasus, and at the same time dancers with daggers are invited to traditional weddings and corporate parties. Сamechas (kъамэчIас) are identified as military sports and exercises, while also being a modern dance concert number with the same name. The military sport, circus and dance characteristics of this action are revealed in the article. It is proved that the dance is based on the demonstration of military merits, such as the ability to handle sharp knives freely and easily, to throw them at a target, to overcome any obstacles through high jumps, to keep a visible space in sight, to control the body gracefully and to conquer physical pain. In the history of the development of the dance, a multilayered literary text is formed that has mythological and ethno-informational codes. The meaning of using twelve daggers and a papakha (sheepskin hat), symbolizing intellect/reason and equal to any Caucasian man’s head is revealed. The movements on toes allowing one to “rise”, to be close to the gods and to conform to the contours of the mountain landscape, are comparable to the fine graceful movements of mountain animals using any stone or mound as support. Jumping, whirling, lunging, and manipulating with a large number of daggers are considered as signs that reveal deep ethnic values. The choreographic and musical component of the dance is analyzed as well as tricks that are included in the plot of the dance, allowing the performer to demonstrate traditional hand positions, certain steps, jump height, spin speed. The Western Adyghes have formed a stable musical composition for the “dance with daggers”, which consists of three tunes: “Dzherakai Zafak”, “Kabardinka” and an Ossetian melody arranged by the famous Adyghe accordionist Kim Tletseruk. “Gathering” music also symbolically represents the “dance with daggers” as a product and artistic practice of the entire Caucasus.
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Edmonds, Rohan, Meaghan Wood, Patricia Fehling, and Sarah DiPasquale. "The Impact of a Ballet and Modern Dance Performance on Heart Rate Variability in Collegiate Dancers." Sports 7, no. 1 (2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports7010003.
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Heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) is a useful tool for assessing cardiac autonomic function and identifying potential readiness to perform in athletic populations, but has yet to be investigated in dance populations. As such, HRV may be able to provide valuable insight into the preparedness of dancers and the demands of performance in a collegiate dance population. 29 female dancers were monitored leading up to and following a dance performance. Analysis of HRV focused on the square root of the mean squared differences of the successive RR intervals (RMSSD). A one-way ANOVA, with Bonferroni post-hoc, paired with magnitude-based-inferences (MBI) with effect sizes (ES) were used to analyze changes during the Winter Dance Concert, while the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (REST-Q Sport) measured the frequency of stress of dancers. When compared to baseline (69.8 ± 1.7 bpm), mean (HR) was increased at both pre-show recordings (76.5 ± 2.1 bpm and 75.6 ± 1.8 bpm). In contrast, RMSSD was significantly diminished (p < 0.05) at both pre-show recordings (40.6 ± 28.4 ms and 40.5 ± 21.8 ms) as compared to baseline (70.3 ± 38.4 ms). Dancers reported increased (p < 0.05) self-efficacy before the second show and at 36 h post-concert. As expected, Dance Exposure (DE) increased significantly (p < 0.05), while Academic Exposure (AE) was similar, during the week leading up to the dance concert. The results suggest dancers responded to concert dance performances similarly to other athletic populations approaching intense competition by exhibiting decreased parasympathetic activity prior to the dance performances, which returned to baseline values 36 h after their performances. Given the increase in self-efficacy, these fluctuations may indicate a readiness to a performance comparable to athletes.
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Olenich, Tamara, Vladimir Terarakelyants, Olesya Shestopalova, and Igor Biryukov. "Sport spirituality as an educational innovation (evidenced-based study)." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 17006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021017006.
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The analysis of physical education and sport, its social influence upon the society and spiritual development of the individual, is under consideration. Sport is a specific form of activities, and it develops not only the physical condition of the individual but also it contributes to the spiritual development of the personality. The phenomenon of sport spirituality as a process of imbuing of moral and ethical values during sport performing is investigated. The research hypothesis is that during the sport performance schoolchildren can develop their spirituality and sport is can serve as a useful educational tool to develop ethical and moral values. To verify the research hypothesis, the influence of we surveyed to investigate and describe how sport spirituality arises and function in the particular surrounding. The empirical materials are dedicated to the study of the best practices of implementing spiritual development into the sports during school lessons of physical education. The results showed that sport spirituality serves as a useful educational tool to imbue schoolchildren with moral and ethical values and contribute to the spiritual development of the youth.
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Biktagirova, A. R., R. L. Sayakhov, and G. A. Shurukhina. "Values and adaptation profile of young people involved in combat sport." Minbar. Islamic Studies 12, no. 1 (2019): 284–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2019-12-1-284-300.
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The article deals with specific features in the process of the socio-psychological formation of young people. It also highlights the age appropriate behavioral patterns and psychological development of the young population. The research task is to study the social values changes as well as the ability to adapt to the ever changing environment This target group consists of the 70 young people who are engaged in combat sport and martial arts, such as “sambo” or Jiu jitsu and at the same time study the humanistic ideas and principles of Islam. It is subdivided into two sub-groups depending on the period of their engagement into these activities: a) for the period of up to 1 year (age 16–25) and b) for 3–5 years (age 21—27). The value profile of this group was investigated using the methods by E. B. Fantalova, such as “free choice of values”, the “‘values and accessibilities’ ratio”, To investigate the “adaptive profile” were used multi-level questionnaires by A. G. Maklakov and S. V. Chermenin. The statistical approach has shown specific trends in the value profile of the two sub-groups. It has also helped to specify the adaptive characteristics, types of behavioral regulators, communicative competence and moral normativity.
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Nevile, Jennifer. "Learning the Bassadanza from a Wolf: Andrea Calmo and Dance." Dance Research 30, no. 1 (2012): 80–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/drs.2012.0035.
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For Roberto Pettini Important information about dancing and social values is sometimes found in unexpected places, such as the letters of Andrea Calmo, a sixteenth-century Venetian actor and playwright. These letters not only provide corroboration of information and attitudes to dance contained in the sixteenth-century Italian dance treatises, but also highlight how dance was regarded by a member of the middle-classes in Venice. As well as having a general appreciation of dance, which he saw as an enjoyable and moral activity, Calmo was knowledgeable about dance specifics and accurate in his use of dance terminology. In fact, Calmo's knowledge of dance practices was extensive enough to enable him to use specific dance references as a tool in creating the humour in his letters. His references to dances and dance steps also look back to the fifteenth-century Italian practice, and these references provide further information on the unresolved question as to the length of time quattrocento dances continued to be popular in the succeeding century.
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Prien, Annika, Astrid Junge, Peter Brugger, Dominik Straumann, and Nina Feddermann-Demont. "Neurocognitive Performance of 425 Top-Level Football Players: Sport-specific Norm Values and Implications." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, no. 4 (2018): 575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acy056.
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Laberge, Suzanne, and Yvan Girardin. "Questioning the Inference of Ethnic Differences in Achievement Values from Types of Sport Participation: A Commentary on White and Curtis." Sociology of Sport Journal 9, no. 3 (1992): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.9.3.295.
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White and Curtis’ recent papers (Sociology of Sport Journal, 1990, 7, pp. 347-368; International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 1990, 25, pp. 125-141) claiming a difference between Canadian Anglophones and Francophones in achievement values are critiqued. Two particular concerns are at issue. The first bears on the relationship these authors make between competitive sport participation and competition/achievement values. On that score, attention is focused upon some epistemological and methodological inadequacies. It is further argued that a conservative ideological perspective is implied in the inferring of achievement values from competitive sport participation. The second point challenges the idealistic conception conveyed by the authors’ contention that “studies outside the domain of work, on people’s ‘voluntary’ orientations to leisure activities, may more clearly show language group differences in achievement values.” Instead, it is proposed that sport practices are determined by the given social structure in which social agents live and by its specific social history. It is contended that an hermeneutical approach would be a more adequate alternative to the cross-cultural study of values differences.
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Pramutomo, R. M., Sri Rochana Widyastutieningrum, and Jonet Sri Kuncoro. "A Study of Dakwah Pattern on Dramatic Text and Its Transformation From Serat Menak Lare Literature to the Choreography Text of Srimpi Dance." Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama 3, no. 1 (2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/hanifiya.v3i1.8031.
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The Srimpi dance is a Javanese dance which is presented by four female dancers. Usually, the Srimpi dancers are four female teenagers. The dance itself is based on literature. On the Srimpi Menak lare variation, the dance is performed by four child dancers, specifically by two boys and two girls. The Srimpi Menak Lare dance was inspired from the childhood tale of Tiyang Agung Jayengrana or Amir Ambyah, one of the uncles of Prophet Muhammad on a play by R.Ng. Yosodipuro I. The dramatical transformation in said play, when choreographically visualized, becomes a topic of discussion. This article will examines a study of dance elements which is pattered by da’wah in Islamic point of view. Based on said discussion, the creation of Srimpi Menak Lare dance is a research-based dance creation from the idea forming, exploration, concept building, and the forming of the dance itself. The methodological application in this artistic research refers to the analitycal form of the innovative choreography of the Srimpi Menak Lare dance. Through this specific term of da’wah pattern this article applied an exploration of elements of dance creation related to the contens of da’wah in Islamic values.
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Morris, Geraldine. "Is it a Petipa dance we are watching?" Dance Research 37, no. 2 (2019): 220–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/drs.2019.0274.
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To answer this question, I focus on dance movement style in one particular Petipa ballet; but in doing so, I seek to go further and to raise a more fundamental issue, namely, how we should distinguish between classroom technique and art? Petipa dances present a specific example of the problem that arises when choreographers draw on the classroom lexicon, or danse d'école, as a basis for their choreography – leading dancers and rehearsal directors to conflate the values of the classroom with those of the dance. Using a dance from The Sleeping Beauty (1890) as a framework, I explore the issue of dance art and the question of what, if anything, links performance of classroom technique with performance of the art work? 1
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Kızılkoca, Mustafa. "Examining of the attitude of students of Firat University, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Recreation Department towards folk dance." African Educational Research Journal 9, no. 2 (2021): S16—S20. http://dx.doi.org/10.30918/aerj.9s1.20.009.
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This study aimed to examine the attitudes of the students of Fırat University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Recreation Education, towards folk dances. The universe of our research is composed of undergraduate students studying at the Faculty of Sport Sciences of Fırat University, while the sample consists of 146 undergraduate students studying in the Department of Recreation Education. In our study, a personal information form (class, age, gender and branch type) and an attitude scale towards folk dances developed by Yoncalık (2007) were used to determine the personal information of the participants. SPSS 22 package program was used to calculate and interpret the data. First of all, the normality test was conducted to determine which tests will be applied to the data. As a result of normality tests, it is seen that Skewness, 091, and Kurtosis, 942 values show a normal distribution. Accordingly, t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test were used due to parametric tests. It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference with the sub-dimensions of the attitude scores towards folk dances according to the variables of gender, class, and branch of the undergraduate students studying at the Department of Recreation Education at Fırat University Faculty of Sport Sciences. According to the age variable, when the participants' attitude towards folk dance sub-dimension levels and the age variable was examined, it was found that the difference between students aged 20 and under and students aged 21-30 in the affective sub-dimension was statistically significant. According to the findings of our study, it was determined that the attitude scores of the students of the Recreation Education department towards folk dances were 3.17 in the Cognitive sub-dimension and 2.87 in the Affective sub-dimension, and their attitude scores towards folk dances were above the average.
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Roell, Mareike, Hubert Mahler, Johannes Lienhard, Dominic Gehring, Albert Gollhofer, and Kai Roecker. "Validation of Wearable Sensors during Team Sport-Specific Movements in Indoor Environments." Sensors 19, no. 16 (2019): 3458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19163458.
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The aim of this study was to determine possible influences, including data processing and sport-specific demands, on the validity of acceleration measures by an inertial measurement unit (IMU) in indoor environments. IMU outputs were compared to a three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis (MA) system and processed with two sensor fusion algorithms (Kalman filter, KF; Complementary filter, CF) at temporal resolutions of 100, 10, and 5 Hz. Athletes performed six team sport-specific movements whilst wearing a single IMU. Mean and peak acceleration magnitudes were analyzed. Over all trials (n = 1093), KF data overestimated MA resultant acceleration by 0.42 ± 0.31 m∙s−2 for mean and 4.18 ± 3.68 m∙s−2 for peak values, while CF processing showed errors of up to 0.57 ± 0.41 m∙s−2 and −2.31 ± 2.25 m∙s−2, respectively. Resampling to 5 Hz decreased the absolute error by about 14% for mean and 56% for peak values. Still, higher acceleration magnitudes led to a large increase in error. These results indicate that IMUs can be used for assessing accelerations in indoor team sports with acceptable means. Application of a CF and resampling to 5 Hz is recommended. High-acceleration magnitudes impair validity to a large degree and should be interpreted with caution.
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Keay, Nicola, AusDancers Overseas, and Gavin Francis. "Indicators and correlates of low energy availability in male and female dancers." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 6, no. 1 (2020): e000906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000906.
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ObjectivesTo investigate indicators and correlates of low energy availability (LEA) in male and female dancers.MethodsA Dance-Specific Energy Availability Questionnaire (DEAQ) was developed and administered online internationally to dancers training at preprofessional, professional or advanced amateur level. The DEAQ drew on current validated, published questionnaires for LEA, linked to the clinical outcomes of relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S). Questions addressed recognised physiological indicators and consequences of LEA in the context of dance, together with potential correlates. LEA was quantified using a scoring system to include these characteristics.Results247 responses to the DEAQ were analysed (225 female and 22 male), mean age 20.7 years (SD 7.9) with 85% practising ballet. Psychological, physiological and physical characteristics consistent with LEA were reported by 57% of the female dancers and 29% of male dancers, indicating a risk of RED-S. The unique nature of dance training, in terms of demands and environment, was found to be potentially influential in development of this situation. Less than one-third (29%) of dancers were aware of RED-S.ConclusionThis study found dancers to be a specific group of high-level artistic performers displaying indicators of LEA and consequently at risk of developing the adverse clinical health and performance consequences of RED-S. Awareness of RED-S was low. The DEAQ has the potential to raise awareness and be a practical, objective screening tool to identify dancers in LEA, at risk of developing RED-S.
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Pim, Ralph L. "Values-Based Sport Programs and Their Impact on Team Success: The Competitive Sport Model at the United States Military Academy." International Sport Coaching Journal 3, no. 3 (2016): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2016-0071.
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the values-based competitive sport program at the United States Military Academy (West Point), and to determine if the components of character and leadership development were associated with team success. Strategies employed at West Point to develop cultures that produced leaders of character and teams of significance were reviewed. Major points of emphasis in the competitive sport program included (i) teaching values through sport, (ii) identifying and defining core values, (iii) developing warrior athletes of character, (iv) building teams and cultures of significance, (v) reinforcing values through recognition, and (vi) assessing character and leader development of athletes and teams. Characteristics and specific behaviors of great leaders and teams were identified. A rubric for assessing character and leader development in sport and a survey evaluating the competitive sport experience on the desired learning outcomes of the West Point Cadet Leader Development System were presented. Results indicated that competitive sports programs built on values encouraged and developed behaviors that produced success both on and off the field. Subsequent investigations are recommended to identify how character and leadership development can be integrated into the coaching process and applied in civilian secondary schools and institutions of higher learning.
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Kalabiska, Irina, Annamária Zsakai, Robert M. Malina, and Tamas Szabo. "Bone Mineral Reference Values for Athletes 11 to 20 Years of Age." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 14 (2020): 4930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17144930.
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Objectives. Training for sport is associated with the development of bone minerals, and the need for reference data based on athletes is often indicated. The purpose of this study was to develop a reference for bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) specific for youth athletes of both sexes participating in several sports. Methods DEXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) was used for total body measurements of bone minerals in 1385 athletes 11 to 20 years, 1019 males and 366 females. The athletes were training in several sports at Hungarian academies. Reference values for total bone mineral density and bone mineral content, and also BMD excluding the head (total body less head, TBLH) were developed using the LMS chartmaker pro version 2.3. Results. The centile distributions for BMD and BMC of the athletes differed significantly from those of the age- and sex-specific references for the general population. The youth athletes had higher BMD and BMC than those of the reference for the general population. Conclusion. The potential utility of the DEXA reference for male and female youth athletes may assist in monitoring changes in the BMC and BMD associated with normal growth and maturation, and perhaps more importantly, may be useful in monitoring changes specific to different phases of sport-specific training protocols.
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Quintana, C., N. R. Heebner, A. D. Olson, J. P. Abt, and M. C. Hoch. "Sport-specific differences in dynamic visual acuity and gaze stabilization in division-I collegiate athletes." Journal of Vestibular Research 30, no. 4 (2020): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-200710.
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BACKGROUND: The vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR) integrates the vestibular and ocular systems to maintain gaze during head motion. This reflex is often negatively affected following sport-related concussion. Objective measures of gaze stability, a function mediated by the VOR, such as the computerized dynamic visual acuity test (DVAT) and gaze stabilization test (GST), may have utility in concussion management. However, normative data specific to sport, sex, or concussion history have not been established in collegiate athletes. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to establish normative values for the DVAT and GST in collegiate athletes and explore the effect of sport, sex, and concussion history on VOR assessments. METHODS: The DVAT and GST were completed by 124 collegiate athletes (72 male, 52 female, mean±SD, age: 19.71±1.74 years, height: 173.99±13.97 cm, weight: 80.06±26.52 kg) recruited from Division-I athletic teams (football, soccer and cheerleading). The DVAT and GST were performed in the rightward and leftward directions during a single session in a standardized environment. Normative values for DVAT and GST measures were expressed as percentiles. Non-parametric statistics were used to compare differences between groups based on sex, sport, and concussion history. Alpha was set a-priori at 0.05. RESULTS: Overall, the median LogMAR unit for 124 athletes completing the DVAT was 0 (IQR = 0.17) for both leftward and rightward. The median velocities achieved on the GST were 145 °/sec and 150 °/sec (IQR = 45 and 40) for the leftward and rightward directions respectively. Significant differences were observed between sports (p = 0.001–0.17) for the GST with cheerleading demonstrating higher velocities than the other sports. However, no significant differences were identified based on sex (p≥0.09) or history of concussion (p≥0.15). CONCLUSIONS: Normative estimates for the DVAT and GST may assist in the clinical interpretation of outcomes when used in post-concussion evaluation for collegiate athletes. Although sex and previous concussion history had no effect on the DVAT or GST, performance on these measures may be influenced by type of sport. Sport-related differences in the GST may reflect VOR adaptations based on individual sport-specific demands.
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Kirsch, Louise P., Nadine Diersch, Dilini K. Sumanapala, and Emily S. Cross. "Dance Training Shapes Action Perception and Its Neural Implementation within the Young and Older Adult Brain." Neural Plasticity 2018 (July 12, 2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5459106.
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How we perceive others in action is shaped by our prior experience. Many factors influence brain responses when observing others in action, including training in a particular physical skill, such as sport or dance, and also general development and aging processes. Here, we investigate how learning a complex motor skill shapes neural and behavioural responses among a dance-naïve sample of 20 young and 19 older adults. Across four days, participants physically rehearsed one set of dance sequences, observed a second set, and a third set remained untrained. Functional MRI was obtained prior to and immediately following training. Participants’ behavioural performance on motor and visual tasks improved across the training period, with younger adults showing steeper performance gains than older adults. At the brain level, both age groups demonstrated decreased sensorimotor cortical engagement after physical training, with younger adults showing more pronounced decreases in inferior parietal activity compared to older adults. Neural decoding results demonstrate that among both age groups, visual and motor regions contain experience-specific representations of new motor learning. By combining behavioural measures of performance with univariate and multivariate measures of brain activity, we can start to build a more complete picture of age-related changes in experience-dependent plasticity.
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Vaquero-Cristóbal, Raquel, Patricia Molina-Castillo, Pedro A. López-Miñarro, Mario Albaladejo-Saura, and Francisco Esparza-Ros. "Hamstring extensibility differences among elite adolescent and young dancers of different dance styles and non-dancers." PeerJ 8 (May 26, 2020): e9237. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9237.
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Background Hamstrings have been analyzed extensively due to their tendency to shorten and their effect in the lumbo-pelvic dynamics and the sagittal position of the spine in trunk flexion with extended knees positions. It has been demonstrated that practicing a certain sport results in long-term changes in hamstring extensibility. Despite this, adequate extensibility of the hamstring musculature is essential for the dancer’s performance. Several studies have found differences in the extensibility of the hamstrings depending on the dance style, but none have compared ballet, Spanish dance and modern dance. The purpose of the present research was to analyze the differences in hamstring extensibility among professional dance students based on dance style practiced and non-dancers. Methods The sample was comprised of 210 students from the Professional Dance Conservatory (70 for ballet, 70 for Spanish dance and 70 for modern dance) and 70 non-dancers. For the assessment of hamstring extensibility, the angle in the passive and active straight leg raise (PSLR and ASLR, respectively) test, and the scores of the pelvic tilt in sit-and-reach (SR) test and the toe-touch (TT) test were randomly conducted. Results The results showed significant differences for all the tests according to group (p < 0.001). In the PSLR and ASLR test, for both legs, and in the pelvic tilt in the SR test, the ballet dancers showed greater ranges of hamstring extensibility than the modern dancers and Spanish dancers (p ≤ 0.001). In the distance in the SR test and in the pelvic tilt in the TT test, the ballet dancers obtained higher values than the Spanish dancers (p = 0.004 and p = 0.003, respectively). The modern dancers showed higher ranges of hip flexion than the Spanish dancers in the ASLR test for both legs and in the pelvic tilt in the SR test (p from 0.007 to <0.001). Dancers showed significantly higher hamstring extensibility than non-dancers in all the tests (p < 0.001). Conclusions The systematic practice of dance, regardless of the style, seems to lead to high ranges of hamstring extensibility. Ballet dancers have the greatest hamstring extensibility.
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Jamieson, Lynn M. "Competency-Based Approaches to sport Management." Journal of Sport Management 1, no. 1 (1987): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.1.1.48.
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This article reviews the development of interest in and concern for training and education of sport specialists. A review of research in competency-based education that relates to sport management and related fields provides an overview of the values of learning about specific job tasks of a sport manager. Competencies in sport management presented from a study of educational, municipal, and military settings show no significant difference between settings and certain significant differences in professional level. Further research is presented that shows differences in how educators and practitioners rate the importance of competencies in the field. Implications for practice suggest that more research is needed in order to gain further understanding of leadership requirements in the sport management profession.
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Morano, Milena, Claudio Robazza, Montse C. Ruiz, Stefania Cataldi, Francesco Fischetti, and Laura Bortoli. "Gender-Typed Sport Practice, Physical Self-Perceptions, and Performance-Related Emotions in Adolescent Girls." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (2020): 8518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208518.
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Youth sport experience provides opportunities for physical, personal, and social development in youngsters. Sport is a social system in which socially constructed gender differences and stereotypes are incorporated, and specific sport activities are often perceived as gender characterized. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between some salient physical and emotional self-perceptions and the type of sport practiced. A sample of 261 female athletes, aged 14–21 years (Mage = 15.59, SD = 2.00), practicing different sports, categorized as feminine (e.g., artistic and rhythmic gymnastics), masculine (e.g., soccer and rugby), or neutral (e.g., track and field and tennis), took part in a cross-sectional study. Significant differences were observed between aesthetic sports and other types of sports. Athletes involved in aesthetic sports reported the lowest values in their feelings of confidence and the highest values in feelings of worry related to competition. This may be attributed to the evaluation system of aesthetic sports, in which the athlete’s performance is evaluated by a jury. At the same time, they reported low values of dysfunctional psychobiosocial states associated with their general sport experience, likely because of their physical appearance close to the current body social standards for girls. Notwithstanding the differences by type of sport, athletes of all disciplines reported high mean values of functional psychobiosocial states, suggesting that their overall sporting experience was good.
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Mandi Yasa, I. Komang, I. Nengah Duija, and Luh Dewi Pusparini. "PEMENTASAN TARI LELEGONGAN PADA PIODALAN DI PURA PUSEH DESA PAKRAMAN CULIK KABUPATEN KARANGASEM (Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Hindu)." Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu 2, no. 1 (2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/jpah.v2i1.444.
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<p><em>The daily life of Balinese people who are Hindus as if it can not be separated with elements of culture and art. The offerings with the form of offerings with great care in the selection of materials offerings, appear to present expressive symbols with aesthetic taste and artistic arrangement. Many religious ceremonies are performed every year in sacred temples, the atmosphere of art, especially the art of dance, is very prominent. In the art of dance, sacred dance or guardian is a dance performed in a series of ceremonies or yadnya or a series of specific rituals, and the dances are usually purified. In connection with that in the Village Pakraman Culik, District Abang, Karangasem regency has a uniqueness in the ceremony piodalan pura puseh there staging Lelegongan Dance. This dance performance is a manifestation of gratitude towards Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa.</em><em> </em><em>There are also problems that will be discussed, among others: (1) Why Leleged Dance staged at piodalan ceremony at pura puseh, (2) Structure of Lempegongan dance performance, (3) Hindu religion values that contained in Lelegongan dance performance, to (1) reveal the background of Lelegongan dance, (2) explain the structure of dance performance of Lelegongan, (3) analyze the values of Hindu religious education contained in Lelegongan dance performance.</em></p><p><em>The methods used to collect data are non participant observation and structured observation, structured interview, literature. The data collected were analyzed by qualitative descriptive analysis with reduction measures, data presentation and conclusion drawing.</em><em> </em><em>The results of this study shows Lelegongan dance is a guardian dance performed on each piodalan in pura puseh as an expression of gratitude before Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa in general and also the Bhatari Bhatari who berstana at pura puseh and Ida Bhatari Danuh who berstana at pura puseh, Performance Lelegongan Dance at the ceremony piodalan Pura Puseh Village Pakraman Culik Abang district Karangasem regency is a dance that is considered sacred. In the staging of the Lelegongan dance there are several ceremonies that must be passed before the dance is performed, the first melasti ceremony or the cleansing ceremony of God's symbol, the second peak of the guardian is the peak ceremony in the ceremony piodalan where in the ceremony of the peak of the guardian was held Lertegongan dance performance , after the stages of Lelegongan dance all villagers of Pakraman Kulik do pray together. Next nganyarin which will end the penyineban ceremony. Educational values contained in the Lelegongan Dance namely (1) The value of Tattwa education is as a form of community belief in Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa,(2) The value of education ethics Susila as a symbol of the behavior of the community during the ceremony piodalan, (3) The value of education ceremony that is as a form Bhakti Pakraman Culik Village community before Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa which in this case poured in rituals with facilities and infrastructure namely with Banten, (4) Aesthetic Value that is as a form of spiritual satisfaction</em></p>
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Šimůnková, Iveta, and Viléma Novotná. "Sportovní příprava moderních gymnastek v předškolním a mladším školním věku." Studia sportiva 5, no. 2 (2011): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/sts2011-2-15.
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The systematic and adequate physical preparation is an important basis for achieving physical literacy in sport branch rhythmic gymnastics. The further preparation at the top level can not successfully continue without the mastery of basic movements and sports skills with a specific technique of difficulties with and without hand apparatuses. In the area of the cultivation we choose fundamental movement patterns: training locomotors and non-locomotors skills, music and movement education, classical dance technique (ballet training), development of flexibility, which is a limiting factor in rhythmic gymnastics, mastery of basic difficulty elements according to the international rules and basic skills in handling of hand apparatuses and equipment. Gymnastics movements and exercises are characterized by gymnast´s body posture, keeping the body and body parts in space, rhythm of movement, and fluidity of movement, combining performance with music and aesthetic experience during composition. Specifically rhythmic gymnastics skills along with psychosocial aspects of training are connected with general physical training. We would like to encourage gifted children and youth in the gymnastics sport clubs with the systematic rhythmic gymnastics training, which is adapted to current conditions and characteristics of the women sport. The main point is to increase membership and interest in the clubs, restore presentation of the Czech gymnastics school in the top positions at the world competitions.
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Isidori, Emanuele, Arno Müller, and Sabri Kaya. "The Referee as Educator: Hermeneutical and Pedagogical Perspectives." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 56, no. 1 (2012): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10141-012-0023-2.
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Abstract Nowadays, in contemporary sports studies scarce attention is devoted to studying the referee and his/her functions in light of the philosophical and pedagogical approach. For this reason, the main aim of this study is to use a hermeneutical philosophic methodology to reflect on the role and functions of this figure, and to show his or her importance in preserving the intrinsic values of sport in front of youth and society. Starting with a historical analysis of the referee and the sport judge in ancient Greek athletics, this study will highlight how such this important figure has always been a key element of competitive sport. This study will demonstrate that refereeing is a practice that needs a specific set of hermeneutical skills and the development of complex pedagogical knowledge and ways of acting. It will also define the concept of “refereeing” in light of a pedagogical approach demonstrating that this practice is, fundamentally, a communicative action implying an ethical and hermeneutical dimension of the referee as a critical-reflective professional committed to enforcing sport’s rules and values. In conclusion, the study will stress the importance of looking at referees and sport judges not as a mere technicians and evaluators of performances in competitions but as educators whose specific knowledge must be developed in all of the courses for their training and education.
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Harvey, Jean, John Horne, and Parissa Safai. "Alterglobalization, Global Social Movements, and the Possibility of Political Transformation through Sport." Sociology of Sport Journal 26, no. 3 (2009): 383–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.26.3.383.
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Alterglobalization is the name for a large spectrum of global social movements that present themselves as supporting new forms of globalization, urging that values of democracy, justice, environmental protection, and human rights be put ahead of purely economic concerns. This article develops a framework for the study of the influence of alterglobalization on sport by: outlining a periodization of social movements and sport; proposing a typology of responses to the politics of globalization; and proposing a typology of recent social movements associated with sport. The article does not report on an empirical research project, but provides a stock take of what has happened since the 1990s regarding the politics of globalization and the politics of sport, with specific reference to global social movements. The questions raised in this article include: What form do the movements challenging the world sports order today take? Does an alterglobalization movement exist in sport? What alternative models of sport do they propose?
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Needham-Beck, Sarah C., Matthew A. Wyon, and Emma Redding. "Relationship Between Performance Competence and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Contemporary Dance." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 34, no. 2 (2019): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2019.2014.
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AIMS: While a foundation of basic cardiorespiratory fitness is beneficial for coping with the physiological demands of dance training and performance, the extent to which cardiorespiratory fitness levels are related to performance ability is not all-together clear. This study aimed to directly compare aerobic capacity (VO2peak) and anaerobic threshold (AT) to an aesthetic competence measure (ACM) in student contemporary dancers. METHODS: Participants were 18 contemporary dance students and all undertook a one-off treadmill test to volitional exhaustion in the week leading up to a performance to determine VO2peak and AT. In the same week, a final rehearsal for the performance was filmed to allow retrospective analysis of specific performance competence. RESULTS: Mean VO2peak values of 47.67 ± 5.84 ml/kg/min and AT values of 43.18 ± 7.72 ml/kg/min (90.68 ± 11.87 %VO2peak) were recorded, and the mean total ACM score was 52.67 ± 8.74. No significant correlations were found between cardiorespiratory fitness variables and ACM scores. Regression analyses revealed experience level to be the only significant predictor of total ACM score (p<0.05, R2=0.12, SEE=11.91). CONCLUSIONS: The range of choreography used for assessment may limit the present study; nevertheless, as level of experience did significantly predict ACM total score, it is suggested that vocational dance training may be developing the performance and technical skills of students but not sufficiently developing their physical conditioning.
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Reynoso, Jose L. "Democracy's Body, Neoliberalism's Body: The Ambivalent Search for Egalitarianism Within the Contemporary Post/Modern Dance Tradition." Dance Research Journal 51, no. 01 (2019): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0149767719000044.
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This article analyzes ways in which dance as labor and artist as a specific subjectivity relate to the material conditions of their production within contexts shaped by neoliberal notions of freedom, ideologies of liberal democracy, and the logic of global capitalism. The discussion focuses on contemporary dance practices that embody some of these values by striving to be more egalitarian, thus giving performers more agency in how they participate in creative processes that lead to a collectively created performance work. This analysis emphasizes the tension between these collaborative practices and modes of producing and distributing financial and symbolic, as well as cultural forms of capital in ways that resist and/or reproduce exploitative aspects of capitalism. Examining some works by Yvonne Rainer, Xavier Le Roy, and Tino Sehgal enables the theorization of the entrepreneurial artistic archive as well as practices of crediting creative labor in relation to notions of capital, ownership, collaboration, and consequently who dance-art makers and performers become as politically progressive artists.
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BERISH, ANDREW. "“I Dream of Her and Avalon”: 1930s Sweet Jazz, Race, and Nostalgia at the Casino Ballroom." Journal of the Society for American Music 2, no. 4 (2008): 531–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752196308080164.
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AbstractThe Casino Ballroom of Avalon, Catalina Island, is located about twenty miles off the coast of the metropolitan Los Angeles area. Completed in 1929 under the direction of chewing gum magnate William Wrigley Jr., the ballroom became a significant venue for dance bands of the 1930s and early 1940s. The Casino did not, however, feature any of the most familiar names of the era. Instead, it was designed as a state-of-the-art dance hall for the presentation of exclusively white dance bands playing “sweet” jazz, a style that avoided the most obvious musical signifiers of “hot” popular music.Through a comparison of three commercial recordings of “Avalon,” I detail how the music of Jan Garber's sweet jazz orchestra—a group immensely popular at the Casino—differed from the music of hotter jazz dance bands, such as the Jimmie Lunceford and Casa Loma Orchestras. Garber's sweet “Avalon” established a sonic place characterized by specific musical relationships and values that were easily fused to the ideology of the island's promoters. For the owners and managers of the Casino Ballroom, jazz was to be the sound of modernity suffused with nostalgia for a threatened, racialized social order.