Relevant bibliographies by topics / Speckle description

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Speckle description'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Speckle description"

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Wood, P. R. "Speckle Observations with a Photon Counting Detector." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 6, no. 2 (1985): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323358000017902.

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AbstractA description of the production of astronomical speckles is given in terms of elementary physical principles. Using simple probability arguments, estimâtes are made of signal-to-noise requirements and magnitude limits for détection; data réduction techniques are discussed. A speckle System used on the AAT (Anglo-Australian Télescope) with the IPCS as detector is described.
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Sutton, M., Y. Li, J. D. Brock, and R. E. Thorne. "X-ray intensity fluctuation spectroscopy measurements of the charge density wave phases of NbSe3." Journal de Physique IV 12, no. 9 (November 2002): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:20020342.

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An introduction to X-ray Intensity Fluctuation Spectroscopy (XIFS) is given by describing its relationship to speckle from coherent sources. A brief description of the relationship of XIFS measurements to the underlying equations of motion is given. Preliminary results for the charge density wave (CDW) system NbSe3 are then presented. Static speckle patterns are shown for the $\overrightarrow {Q}_1 = (0 .76$ 0) CDW peak showing that XIFS experiments are possible in this systom provided time constants are long enough. For electrical currents below threshold, a static speckle pattern is observed but for currents above threshold the speckles are smeared out showing movement of the CDW. It is also shown that above threshold, the longitudinal correlation length decreases.
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Schneider, Jana, Bianca Dauber, Krister Melén, Ilkka Julkunen, and Thorsten Wolff. "Analysis of Influenza B Virus NS1 Protein Trafficking Reveals a Novel Interaction with Nuclear Speckle Domains." Journal of Virology 83, no. 2 (November 5, 2008): 701–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01858-08.

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ABSTRACT Many proteins that function in the transcription, maturation, and export of metazoan mRNAs are concentrated in nuclear speckle domains, indicating that the compartment is important for gene expression. Here, we show that the NS1 protein of influenza B virus (B/NS1) accumulates in nuclear speckles and causes rounding and morphological changes of the domains, indicating a disturbance in their normal functions. This property was located within the N-terminal 90 amino acids of the B/NS1 protein and was shown to be independent of any other viral gene product. Within this protein domain, we identified a monopartite importin α binding nuclear localization signal. Reverse-genetic analysis of this motif indicated that nuclear import and speckle association of the B/NS1 protein are required for the full replication capacity of the virus. In the late phase of virus infection, the B/NS1 protein relocated to the cytoplasm, which occurred in a CRM1-independent manner. The interaction of the B/NS1 protein with nuclear speckles may reflect a recruitment function to promote viral-gene expression. To our knowledge, this is the first functional description of a speckle-associated protein that is encoded by a negative-strand RNA virus.
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Hartkopf, William I. "First Results from the New GSU CCD Speckle Camera." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 109 (1986): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900076725.

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The CCD speckle camera now in use at Georgia State University has brought about considerable improvement in limiting magnitude and photometric accuracy over the old photographic system, but has also necessitated considerable changes in data storage and reduction. These new data handling techniques are outlined, with a few words about overall accuracy and a brief description of new equipment which should further improve our speckle program at GSU.
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Dilna, Kaitheri Thacharedath, and Duraisamy Jude Hemanth. "Novel image enhancement approaches for despeckling in ultrasound images for fibroid detection in human uterus." Open Computer Science 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 399–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/comp-2020-0140.

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Abstract Ultrasonography is an extensively used medical imaging technique for multiple reasons. It works on the basic theory of echoes from the tissues under consideration. However, the occurrence of signal dependent noise such as speckle destroys utility of ultrasound images. Speckle noise is subject to the composition of image tissue and parameters of image. It reduces the effectiveness of many image processing steps and decreases human perception of fine details form ultrasound images. In many medical image processing methods, despeckling is used as the preprocessing step before segmentation and feature extraction. Many speckle reduction filters are proposed but while combining many techniques some speckle diagnostic information should be preserved. Removal of speckle noise from ultrasound image by preserving edges and added features is a great challenging task in ultrasound image restoration. This paper aims at a comprehensive description and comparison of reduction of speckle noise of ultrasound fibroid image. Many filters are applied on ultrasound scanned images and the performance is marked in terms of some statistical measures. Even though several despeckling filters are there for speckle reduction, all are not good for ultrasound scanned images. A comparison of quality measures such as mean square error, peak signal-to-noise ratio, and signal-to-noise ratio is done in ultrasound images in despeckling.
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Holoubek, Jaroslav, and Josef Baldrian. "Speckle patterns in small angle light scattering: The spatial autocorrelation function." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 50, no. 12 (1985): 2873–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19852873.

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The study deals with the determination of the spatial autocorrelation function of speckle patterns caused by the small-angle light scattering from polymer films. The autocorrelation function determines the shape, size and anisometry of the speckle. The effect of the inner structure and orientation of samples (polypropylene foil, poly(decamethylene terephthalate) and a sample of polypropylene filaments) is discussed; it is shown that under the usual experimental conditions the spatial autocorrelation function of speckle patterns can be determined on the basis of the van Cittert-Zernike theorem of the classical coherence theory. The good agreement between the theoretical and experimental dependences of anisometry, the angular dependence of speckle size and the dependence of speckle size on the sample thickness confirm the suitability of a uniform description based on the classical theory of coherence. From the standpoint of the theory of speckle effect, the results presented in this study allow us to infer that in the light scattering from polymer films under usual conditions the assumptions of the application of the central limit theorem are fulfilled: in the scattering volume there is a sufficient number of scattering units, and path fluctuations due to the scattering foil exceed the wavelength of light.
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Scott, Nicholas J., Steve B. Howell, Elliott P. Horch, and Mark E. Everett. "The NN-explore Exoplanet Stellar Speckle Imager: Instrument Description and Preliminary Results." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 130, no. 987 (April 13, 2018): 054502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/aab484.

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de Boer, C. R., and F. Kneer. "Speckle Observations of Solar Granulation." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 158 (1994): 398–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900108034.

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Image reconstruction by means of speckle interferometry was successfully used to restore the intensity distribution of solar features and to investigate the morphology and dynamics of small-scale structures in active regions of the Sun. The observations were obtained with the Vacuum Tower Telescope (D = 70 cm, f = 46 m) at Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, on May 17 and 20, 1991, from a plage region close to a sunspot near disc centre. Sequences of bursts consisting of 100 exposures were recorded with a broad-band filter centred at 550 nm (FWHM ≈ 10 nm, diffraction limit 0.2 arcsec). The pickup unit was a video CCD – system with an exposure time of 4 ms and a frame rate of three pictures per second. A description of the observing procedure and of the data handling can be found in de Boer et al. (1992). To obtain the complex Fourier phases speckle masking (Lohmann et al. 1983) was used. The speckle transfer function of the atmosphere was calculated indirectly using Korff's equation (1973). The Fried parameter r0 was estimated with the spectral ratio technique (von der Lühe 1984). This parameter was sometimes as large as 14 cm. With this the theoretical speckle transfer function could be determined for calculating the corrected Fourier amplitudes of the reconstruction. A new low pass filter, based on the reliability of each individual value in the Fourier plane, was applied to the amplitudes to suppress noise at high wavenumbers.
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Jonsson, M., and L. Benckert. "Measurement of residual deformations in butt-welded plates by use of the white light speckle technique." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 21, no. 4 (October 1, 1986): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/03093247v214243.

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A method to measure residual deformations in welded plates is presented. An optical technique, called white light speckle, is used to record the released residual deformations. The method is destructive. Two experiments have been performed. The results are compared with corresponding calculated values. A short description of the calculations is given.
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Baldi, Antonio. "A New Analytical Approach for Hole Drilling Residual Stress Analysis by Full Field Method." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 127, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1839211.

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Most of the full field methods for residual stress investigation combine an optical interferometric technique (grating interferometry, speckle interferometry, holographic interferometry) with the standard hole drilling method. Nowadays many articles describing this kind of approach exist, but most of them focus on the experimental aspects while little attention is devoted to the optimal usage of the huge mass of data that the optical methods make available. This paper, without relying on a specific experimental technique, focuses on the development of a new analytical method that attempts to consistently use all the available data. After a detailed algorithm description, the proposed analysis procedure is tested against numerically generated residual stress fields simulating in-plane speckle interferometry. The results obtained show the reliability and robustness of the algorithm.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Speckle description"

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Jaegler, Arnaud. "Segmentation d'image échographique par minimisation de la complexité stochastique en vue du diagnostic sénologique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX30002.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est de proposer et d'étudier une méthode de segmentation qui soit adaptée à l'imagerie échographique ultrasonore (US) et qui tienne compte de certaines contraintes rencontrées en milieu clinique. De ce fait, cette méthode se doit d'être robuste au bruit de speckle et à l'atténuation des ondes US dans le milieu, mais aussi rapide et ne nécessiter que peu, voire aucun paramètre à régler par l'opérateur. Dans ce cadre, les solutions fondées sur des contours actifs fondés sur la Minimisation de la Complexité Stochastique ont été étudiées. L'impact de différentes modélisations du speckle sur les résultats de ces techniques de segmentation a été caractérisé. Il a été montré qu'il est important de prendre en compte les variations de l'intensité moyenne du speckle induites par l'atténuation dans chaque région de l'image, à la fois pour la segmentation et pour l'analyse des propriétés du speckle. De plus, une stratégie hiérarchique de segmentation a été développée. Celle-ci permet notamment d'accroître la qualité des segmentations et de diminuer les temps de calcul.Les algorithmes de segmentation considérés étaient initialement conçus pour des formes polygonales peu adaptées à celles rencontrées dans le cadre d'applications médicales. Nous avons donc développé un nouveau modèle de contour fondé sur la théorie de l'information qui permet toujours une mise en oeuvre rapide des algorithmes et ne dépend d'aucun paramètre à régler par l'utilisateur. Testé sur des images synthétiques et réelles de fantômes échographiques, ce nouveau modèle permet de mieux décrire les formes régulières et arrondies des objets rencontrés en imagerie échographique
The purpose of this PhD thesis is to propose and study a segmentation method adapted to echographic ultrasound imaging that could be clinically operational (i.e. fast and parameter-free) and robust to both the speckle noise and the attenuation of the ultrasonic signal in the medium. The solutions we studied rely on statistical active contour methods that are based on the Minimization of the Stochastic Complexity (MSC). The impact on the segmentation results of several speckle noise models that still lead to fast segmentation algorithms has been characterized. A key feature of these models, that appears to be crucial for both the segmentation and the speckle characterization, is the ability to take into account the spatial variation of the average intensity induced by the attenuation of the signal in the medium. In addition, we proposed a hierarchical optimization strategy that improves segmentation results and decreases the computation time.Finally, a novel contour model that is adapted to smooth boundaries that are met in medical imaging is also proposed for the considered MSC segmentation algorithms. The construction of this contour model relies on Information Theory concepts. It still allows one to get low computation times and does not contain any tuning parameter. Evaluations performed on synthetic images and real echographic phantom images indicate that this contour model provides better segmentation results for smooth inclusions that usually compose the echographic images
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Bringer, Alexandra. "Description statistique de la surface océanique et mesures conjointes micro-ondes : une analyse cohérente." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00794381.

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De plus en plus de données satellitales ou aéroportées acquises au dessus de la surface de la mer sont disponibles notamment dans la gamme micro-ondes. Pour interpréter correctement ces données, il est nécessaire de disposer d'une part d'un modèle de diffusion qui soit capable de prendre en compte l'aspect multi-échelles de la surface de mer et d'autre part une bonne représentation spectrale de la surface de mer. Ces dernières années, plusieurs modèles de diffusion électromagnétiques unifiés (capables de prendre en compte la diffusion électromagnétique pour les petites et grandes vagues) ont été développés sous statistiques gaussiennes de la surface de mer. Cependant, ces modèles sont insuffisants pour interpréter les observations lorsque différents jeux de données (multi-bande et multi-incidence) sont confrontés. Le plus de cette thèse est de progresser dans une modélisation cohérente de ces données radar.La première étape est d'incorporer les aspects non-gaussiens de la surface de mer, connus pour influer significativement sur la section efficace de rétrodiffusion (SER). Cela est réalisé dans le cadre du modèle électromagnétique "Weighted Curvature Approximation " (WCA) en introduisant le kurtosis des pentes et en se limitant à la SER omnidirectionnelle et à la polarisation verticale.Ces corrections permettent une meilleure modélisation de la section efficace radar mais ne sont pas suffisantes pour obtenir un accord avec les données dans toutes les configurations (bande, incidence, vent). Cela suggère une amélioration nécessaire du spectre des vagues courtes, qui fait l'objet de la deuxième partie de ces travaux de recherche.Un nouveau spectre omnidirectionnel est calculé afin d'obtenir une meilleure modélisation de la SER omnidirectionnelle en polarisation verticale tout en respectant des contraintes a priori sur les pentes mesurées par des techniques optiques. Ce spectre s'avère assez semblable au spectre unifié d'Elfouhaily, avec quelques différences notables cependant dans la gamme des échelles décimétriques.
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Cianfarani, Mathieu. "Régularité et description des spectres pour les représentations de groupes topologiques." Phd thesis, Université Pascal Paoli, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00762885.

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Dans ce travail, on commence par donner des critères de continuité automatique pour des représentations de groupes topologiques dans des algèbres de Banach. Deux approches différentes sont présentées : l'une utilisant la décomposition de Glicksberg-De Leeuw s'applique aux groupes localement compacts, l'autre, basée sur un résultat d'équicontinuité de suites de fonctions de type positif, aux groupes polonais (non forcément localement compacts). Typiquement, on exprime la continuité d'une représentation par celle de ses composées par des formes linéaires continues sur l'algèbre de représentation. On déduit de ce qui précède des résultats de continuité automatique de morphismes de groupes topologiques. Dans une seconde partie, on applique les résultats de la première pour obtenir des propriétés d'étalement du spectre des éléments de l'image de la représentation en dehors d'un sous-ensemble " petit " en divers sens du groupe dans le cas abélien. La troisième partie généralise partiellement les résultats de la seconde au cas des groupes de Lie (non abéliens en précisant ainsi, dans ce cas, un théorème obtenu par J.M. Paoli et J.C. Tomasi. Mots clefs : Groupes localement compacts, groupes polonais, groupes de Lie, Algèbres de Banach, représentations de groupes, continuité automatique, spectre d'opérateurs.
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Robert, Séverine. "Description globale de la structure de vibration-rotation de la molécule d'acétylène." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210307.

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Afin de progresser dans la compréhension de la structure de vibration-rotation de l'acétylène dans son état électronique fondamental, un modèle global a été développé avec succès pour trois de ses isotopologues, permettant d'attribuer de nouvelles données de spectres enregistrés sous diverses conditions expérimentales. L'ensemble des programmes d'analyse rovibrationnelle globale conçus à l'Université Catholique de Louvain par le Pr. A. Fayt et al. ont été utilisés pour répondre aux demandes de collaborateurs tels que les Prs. A. Campargue, A. Jolly ou encore R. Georges dans le cadre de plusieurs problèmes de type spectroscopique, notamment pour des applications astrophysiques. Le modèle global et son pouvoir prédictif mis ainsi à l'épreuve, nous avons démontré la validité de nos jeux de paramètres pour ces trois molécules.

Concernant l'isotopologue principal, $H^{12}C^{12}CH$, 14 nouvelles bandes ont été mises à jour à partir de spectres enregistrés en CRDS à Grenoble par A. Campargue et al. Une analyse rovibrationnelle globale a été effectuée jusqu'à une énergie de 8600 cm$^{-1}$. 10750 raies ont été ajustées simultanément sur les 12137 attribuées dans la littérature. 266 paramètres ont été déterminés par la méthode de moindres-carrés. La déviation standard sans dimension du fit est de 0.92. La bande $u_{5}$-$u_{4}$, centrée vers 117 cm$^{-1}$ a été simulée. La valeur du moment de transition associé, $
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Guilleminot, Céline. "Etude et intégration numérique d'un système multicapteurs AMRC de télécommunication basé sur un prototype virtuel utilisant le langage de haut niveau VHDL-AMS." Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20085.

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Les travaux de thèse présentés dans ce mémoire appliquent la notion de prototypage virtuel en VHDL-AMS à un système multicapteurs et multiutilisateurs de communication hertzienne émetteur/récepteur dans la bande libre ISM. La première partie présente un état de l'art de la conception système ainsi que les outils logiciels dédiés. Par suite, tous les étages numériques et analogiques sont développés sous le standard VHDL-AMS. Notre étude se focalise alors sur le choix de la topologie de l'organe de synchronisation et de poursuite, fonctions clés des communications à étalement de spectre. Afin de compléter les bibliothèques dédiées aux télécommunications en langage VHDL-AMS, un modèle de canal AWGN est proposé, intégrant un générateur de bruit (méthode mathématique de Box-Muller) et un module de retard paramétrable. Enfin, un prototype de tests est développé, basé sur une implantation des fonctions numériques dans un circuit FPGA, nous permettant d'évaluer les performances d'un tel système en terme de débit, de taux d'erreurs sur le bit et d'occupation matérielle
Today, requirements in system designs are extending more and more from electronic design (analogue and digital) to multidiscipline design. These current needs imply implementation of methodologies to optimize and to make the CAD product reliable. The recent VHDL-AMS standard seems to fit very well. This thesis presents an application of virtual prototype dedicated to a multisensor and multiuser DS-SS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) transceiver system using ISM unlicensed band. The first part describes the state of the art of system design and software tools. After this, the whole digital and analogue stages will be developed under VHDL-AMS standard. Our study will focus on the synchronization and tracking entity topology choice, which are the main functions of a spread spectrum communication device. In order to complete VHDL-AMS library dedicated to telecommunication, a model of AWGN channel including a noise generator (Box-Muller method) will be proposed. Finally, a hardware prototype will be developped, based on digital function implantations in a FPGA chipset allowing to assess such a system data rate, bit error rate and size performances
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Beauchamp-Châtel, Alexis. "Étude descriptive sur les crises de colère chez les enfants autistes d’âge préscolaire." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20430.

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Books on the topic "Speckle description"

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Kuzman, Pasko. Ohrid sub specie aeternitatis. Ohrid: Dante, 2010.

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Smith, J. M. B. Specks in the southern ocean. Armidale, N.S.W., Australia: Dept. of Geography and Planning, University of New England, 1986.

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Barsanti, Giulio, and Guido Chelazzi, eds. Il Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze VOL. 1 LE COLLEZIONI DELLA SPECOLA. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-848-2.

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The Museum of Natural History of the University of Florence, founded in 1775 by the Grand Duke Peter Leopold, is the oldest scientific museum in Europe. Firenze University Press opens the series dealing with the six sections of the Museum with this book on La Specola, situated in Palazzo Torrigiani, which represented the original nucleus. The articles in the first section reconstruct the historic background, the foundation of La Specola and the genesis and development of the collections. The second part considers the anatomical waxes, the entomological collections, and those of the vertebrates and the invertebrates, with a view to providing a description of the precious specimens that is at once precise and accessible. Finally, the third section completes the picture, retracing the important research activity that has accompanied the history of La Specola and reporting on the scientific projects in which the personnel are engaged. The largest collection in the world of anatomical wax models and the vast zoological collection are illustrated by the people directly involved in the related research, and by a superb selection of original photos produced specially for this publication.
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Eloge du voyage à l'usage des autistes et de ceux qui ne le sont pas assez. Paris: Plon, 2014.

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John, Norden. Speculi Brinanniæ Pars: An Historical and Chorographical Description of the County of Essex, 1594. Adamant Media Corporation, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Speckle description"

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Colţuc, Daniela. "Mathematical Description of Bayesian Algorithm for Speckle Reduction in Synthetic Aperture Radar Data." In Advanced Geoscience Remote Sensing. InTech, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/57529.

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Camurati, Paolo, Fulvio Corno, and Paolo Prinetto. "Exploiting symbolic traversal techniques for efficient Process Algebra Manipulation11This work was partially supported by the EEC as ESPRIT Working Group “CHARME-2” and by the Italian National Research Council “Progetto Speciale Specifica ad alto Livello e Verifica Formale di Sistemi Digitali”." In Computer Hardware Description Languages and their Applications, 31–44. Elsevier, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-81641-2.50008-3.

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Riquet, Johannes. "From Islands to Archipelagos." In The Aesthetics of Island Space, 245–304. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198832409.003.0005.

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The texts examined in Chapter 4 explore islands in geo(morpho)logical space-time. The chapter begins by discussing how the relational poetics of Darwin’s and Wallace’s writings ask readers to reimagine planetary space as a discontinuous multiplicity of shifting islands. The notion of a geopoetic resonance between the material energies of the physical world and the poetic energies of language guides the analyses of three literary responses to Darwin, Wallace, and their successors. H. G. Wells’s The Island of Doctor Moreau (1896) and ‘Aepyornis Island’ (1894) figure islands as beleaguered territories haunted by the spectre of human extinction. However, their geopoetic descriptions of volcanism and coral suspend these evolutionary narratives. A century later, Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide explores the radical poetic implications of Darwin and Wallace’s archipelagic thinking. In the novel, the human element intersects with other living forms, physical geography, and textual spaces to form a mutable landscape shaped by conflicts.
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Schiltz, Michael. "‘On an Even Keel’." In Accounting for the Fall of Silver, 67–96. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198865025.003.0004.

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Drawing on descriptive evidence from journalistic outlets in nineteenth-century Shanghai, this chapter reconstructs the debate on how fluctuations in the silver price could be accommodated in bill finance. It is demonstrated that this was effectuated by means of the ‘even keel’, a management strategy arguably pioneered by the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC). Concretely, amounts of bills bought were matched by amounts of bills sold; bankers used ‘swap’ operations (i.e., they simultaneously purchased and sold bills in one currency for bills in another currency for the same quantity, in order to offset them) in order to eliminate exchange rate risk. This is shown quantitatively by means of flow-of-funds data of the Yokohama Specie Bank. The chapter concludes with several admonitions for existing macro-historical research.
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Ling, Roger, Paul Arthur, Georgia Clarke, Estelle Lazer, Lesley A. Ling, Peter Rush, and Andrew Waters. "Building Materials and Techniques." In The Insula of the Menander at Pompeii: Volume 1: The Structures. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198134091.003.0011.

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Much of the ensuing discussion will focus on the working-out of structural sequences, first within individual houses or parts of houses, then within the insula as a whole. As a preface to this discussion, it is necessary to give a description of the building materials and techniques found in the insula. Brief surveys of Pompeian building techniques have appeared in various publications. Still one of the most serviceable accounts is that of R. C. Carrington in his article ‘Notes on the building materials of Pompeii” published in 1933, and most of the forms of construction found in I10 are discussed therein. First, the materials. The commonest is the socalled ‘Sarno stone’ (often inaccurately called limestone’), a yellowish white calcareous tufa which is very rough and porous, being riddled with the imprints of shells and vegetable matter; it is used both in large blocks to form quoins and the like and in smaller rubble for facing and infilling of all types. Next most common is a hard grey (trachytic) lava which is stronger and more water resistant than Sarno stone but which, because it is less easy to cut into regular shapes, is generally employed in the form of small rubble. An exception to this rule is its use for door thresholds, where its hardness is well suited to withstanding wear and tear. Rather less common in our insula is the red or purple vesicular lava known as cruma (English “scoria”), derived from the frothy upper crust of consolidated lava streams; it is occasionally cut into small blocks but more normally occurs as a sporadic material in rubble wall-facings where Sarno stone and grey lava predominate. The other main lithic materials found in the insula are varieties of tufo (tuff), formed by the consolidation of volcanic ashes. The brown or grey tuff from Nuceria (modern Nocera) is a hard and close-grained material containing darker brown or blackish specks. It can be easily cut to shape when freshly exposed in the quarry but hardens later on contact with the air, so is ideally suited for producing ashlar blocks, small tufelli (blocks of similar size to modern house bricks) and the pyramidal pieces used in reticulate work (opus reticulaium: see below), not to mention carved detail such as column and pilaster capitals.
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Conference papers on the topic "Speckle description"

1

Hanson, Steen G. "Light with finite rotation: an attempt for a theoretical description." In SPECKLE 2018: VII International Conference on Speckle Metrology, edited by Michal Józwik, Leszek R. Jaroszewicz, and Malgorzata Kujawińska. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2319872.

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Slangen, Pierre R., and B. Gautier. "Phase-shifting digital speckle pattern interferometry: off-the-shelf setup description and application to stainless steel membrane displacement measurements." In Speckle Metrology 2003. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.516580.

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Aime, Claude. "Speckle Imaging : Description Of The Second Probability Density Function Of A Binary Star Speckle Pattern." In Hague International Symposium, edited by Edward R. Pike. SPIE, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.941456.

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4

Lengenfelder, Benjamin, Martin Hohmann, Florian Klämpfl, Azhar Zam, Manuel Weiß, Stefan J. Rupitsch, Zeev Zalevsky, and Michael Schmidt. "Model for the description of remote photoacoustic sensing using speckle-analysis." In Opto-Acoustic Methods and Applications in Biophotonics, edited by Vasilis Ntziachristos and Roger Zemp. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2526593.

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Yanting Wang, Thomas L. Ainsworth, and Jong-Sen Lee. "Mixture description of polarimetric SAR images and improved nonlocal speckle filtering." In IGARSS 2014 - 2014 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2014.6947508.

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Agafonov, Dmitry N., Dmitry A. Zimnyakov, and Igor S. Peretochkin. "Quasi-scalar description of multiple scattered speckle fields: empirical microstatistics of polarization states." In Saratov Fall Meeting '98: Light Scattering Technologies for Mechanics, Biomedicine, and Material Science, edited by Valery V. Tuchin, Vladimir P. Ryabukho, and Dmitry A. Zimnyakov. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.341403.

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Fernandez Limia, Margarita, Adriana Mavilio Nunez, Hector J. Rabal, and Marcelo Trivi. "Wavelet description of dynamic speckle: application to the assessment of the drying of paint." In IV Iberoamerican Meeting of Optics and the VII Latin American Meeting of Optics, Lasers and Their Applications, edited by Vera L. Brudny, Silvia A. Ledesma, and Mario C. Marconi. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.437236.

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8

Pan, Gang, and Hui Meng. "Digital Holographic PIV for 3D Flow Measurement." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33173.

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We have developed a simple digital holographic PIV system for 3D measurement of turbulent and multiphase flow. This system records in-line holograms of tracer particles directly on a digital camera and reconstructs the 3D particle field numerically. Using a novel complex amplitude-based method, we are able to overcome the depth of focus problem and the speckle noise problem associated with the low resolution of digital sensors and the in-line holographic setup. In this paper we will give detailed description of our system, and present the preliminary result of the benchmark experiment using a water jet.
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9

Vega, Fabio, and Cesar Torres. "Proposal of a bio-speckle descriptor for computing machine take decisions." In SPECKLE 2015: VI International Conference on Speckle Metrology, edited by Fernando Mendoza Santoyo and Eugenio R. Mendez. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2196735.

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Zanarini, Alessandro. "Full Field ESPI Vibration Measurements to Predict Fatigue Behavior." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68727.

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Durability of mechanical components is usually evaluated by means of virtual modelling, supported by accurate tests for validation. Besides, many structural parts easily exhibit high modal density with complex displacement patterns and strain fields, that might be difficult to estimate through tests on real samples. Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) gives nowadays the opportunity to measure 3D displacements with high spatial accuracy in a wide frequency range by means of optical techniques. Here is proposed an experiment-based procedure to exploit the full-field vibration ESPI measurements in the fatigue behaviour assessment of mechanical components. Starting from a brief description of dynamic ESPI technology, attention is here paid to the complex-valued nature of the fields that can be extracted from ESPI, as displacements and receptance FRF data. By means of a robust numerical differentiation approach and a constitutive model, complex-valued strain & stress fields are evaluated to assess fatigue life, accordingly with the durability model adopted. The whole experiment-based approach is applied on an aluminium isotropic rectangular plate and reported in detail.
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