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Journal articles on the topic 'Spectral causality'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

KOPF, TOMÁŠ. "SPECTRAL GEOMETRY AND CAUSALITY." International Journal of Modern Physics A 13, no. 15 (1998): 2693–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x98001360.

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For a physical interpretation of a theory of quantum gravity, it is necessary to recover classical space–time, at least approximately. However, quantum gravity may eventually provide classical space–times by giving spectral data similar to those appearing in noncommutative geometry, rather than by giving directly a space–time manifold. It is shown that a globally hyperbolic Lorentzian manifold can be given by spectral data. A new phenomenon in the context of spectral geometry is observed: causal relationships. The employment of the causal relationships of spectral data is shown to lead to a hi

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2

Censor, D. "Simultaneity, Causality, and Spectral Representations." Progress In Electromagnetics Research 29 (2000): 187–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pier00032203.

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3

Tastan, Hüseyin. "Testing for Spectral Granger Causality." Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 15, no. 4 (2015): 1157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x1501500411.

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Censor, D. "Simultaneity, Causality, and Spectral Representations - Abstract." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 14, no. 9 (2000): 1241–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939300x01148.

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5

Detto, Matteo, Annalisa Molini, Gabriel Katul, Paul Stoy, Sari Palmroth, and Dennis Baldocchi. "Causality and Persistence in Ecological Systems: A Nonparametric Spectral Granger Causality Approach." American Naturalist 179, no. 4 (2012): 524–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/664628.

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6

He, Fei, Hua-Liang Wei, Stephen A. Billings, and Ptolemaios G. Sarrigiannis. "A Nonlinear Generalization of Spectral Granger Causality." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 61, no. 6 (2014): 1693–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2014.2300636.

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7

Chicharro, D. "On the spectral formulation of Granger causality." Biological Cybernetics 105, no. 5-6 (2011): 331–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00422-011-0469-z.

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Hu, Sanqing, and Hualou Liang. "Causality analysis of neural connectivity: New tool and limitations of spectral Granger causality." Neurocomputing 76, no. 1 (2012): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2010.10.017.

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9

ÖZEN, Kerem, M. Akif ARVAS, and YENILMEZ Meltem INCE. "Estimating the Effect of Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on Health Expenditures by Spectral Causality Approach: Evidence from The Turkish Case." International Journal of Contemporary Economics and Administrative Sciences 13, no. 2 (2023): 654–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10475958.

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The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of smoking and alcohol use on health expenditures in Turkey. For this purpose, the spectral Granger causality approach was used, and the data set was collected from the OECD stat website for the period 1990 and 2019. According to the first finding, there is a strong causality between smoking and alcohol use and health expenditure, specifically in the 0, 0.5 domains, and supports the existence of bidirectional causality. Secondly, while there was a unidirectional causality from alcohol to health, this causality was found to be stronger i

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Adam, Anokye M. "Foreign direct investment and growth causal-nexus in economic community of West African States: Evidence from spectral causality." Business and Economic Horizons 14, no. 1 (2018): 17–28. https://doi.org/10.15208/beh.2018.2.

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The paper examines the causal relationship between FDI and economic growth (GDP) in thirteen ECOWAS countries using both time domain and frequency domain testing procedures using annual data from 1970 to 2015. The results showed that time domain is not adequate in detecting causality. The time domain detected causality in only four out of thirteen countries whilst the frequency domain detected causality at different frequencies and cycles in nine out of thirteen countries. The findings of this study indicate the importance of frequency domain causality, that it decomposes causality at differen

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11

Clive, W. J., and Jin-Lung Lin. "Causality in the Long Run." Econometric Theory 11, no. 3 (1995): 530–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266466600009397.

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The definition of causation, discussed in Granger (1980) and elsewhere, has been widely applied in economics and in other disciplines. For this definition, a series yt is said to cause xt+l if it contains information about the forecastability for xt+l contained nowhere else in some large information set, which includes xt−j, j ≥ 0. However, it would be convenient to think of causality being different in extent or direction at seasonal or low frequencies, say, than at other frequencies. The fact that a stationary series is effectively the (uncountably infinite) sum of uncorrelated components, e

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Kirikkaleli, Dervis, and Ibrahim Darbaz. "The Causal Linkage between Energy Price and Food Price." Energies 14, no. 14 (2021): 4182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144182.

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This paper aims to reveal the causal relationship between energy prices and food prices and whether this relationship is similar in the food sub-groups forming the food price index used. As food prices more than doubled during the 2008 economic crisis, this relationship has received considerable attention from researchers. Many researches have been conducted to determine the causes and consequences of the 2008 food price crisis. Researches are mainly focused on crude oil and bio-energy in terms of “energy”. This research is not only differentiated by the data used but also by the methodology e

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13

Hirukawa, Junichi. "On the Causality between Multiple Locally Stationary Processes." Advances in Decision Sciences 2012 (May 30, 2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/261707.

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When one would like to describe the relations between multivariate time series, the concepts of dependence and causality are of importance. These concepts also appear to be useful when one is describing the properties of an engineering or econometric model. Although the measures of dependence and causality under stationary assumption are well established, empirical studies show that these measures are not constant in time. Recently one of the most important classes of nonstationary processes has been formulated in a rigorous asymptotic framework by Dahlhaus in (1996), (1997), and (2000), calle

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14

Franco, Nicolas. "Physical models from noncommutative causality." EPJ Web of Conferences 182 (2018): 02043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818202043.

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We introduced few years ago a new notion of causality for noncommutative spacetimes directly related to the Dirac operator and the concept of Lorentzian spectral triple. In this paper, we review in a non-technical way the noncommutative causal structure of many toy models as almost commutative spacetimes and the Moyal-Weyl spacetime. We show that those models present some unexpected physical interpretations as a geometrical explanation of the Zitterbewegung trembling motion of a fermion as well as some geometrical constraints on translations and energy jumps of wave packets on the Moyal spacet

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15

Wen, Xiaotong, Govindan Rangarajan, and Mingzhou Ding. "Multivariate Granger causality: an estimation framework based on factorization of the spectral density matrix." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 371, no. 1997 (2013): 20110610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2011.0610.

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Granger causality is increasingly being applied to multi-electrode neurophysiological and functional imaging data to characterize directional interactions between neurons and brain regions. For a multivariate dataset, one might be interested in different subsets of the recorded neurons or brain regions. According to the current estimation framework, for each subset, one conducts a separate autoregressive model fitting process, introducing the potential for unwanted variability and uncertainty. In this paper, we propose a multivariate framework for estimating Granger causality. It is based on s

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HICHAM, AYAD, SARI HASSOUN SALAH EDDINE, and MOSTEFA BELMOKADDEM. "Causality between Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Algeria: Explosive Behavior Tests and Frequency Domain Spectral Causality." ECONOMIC COMPUTATION AND ECONOMIC CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND RESEARCH 54, no. 2/2020 (2020): 315–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/18423264/54.2.20.19.

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Contreras-Reyes, Javier E., and Carola Hernández-Santoro. "Assessing Granger-Causality in the Southern Humboldt Current Ecosystem Using Cross-Spectral Methods." Entropy 22, no. 10 (2020): 1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22101071.

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The southern Humboldt Current ecosystem is an important topic among researchers working on the drivers of pelagic species’ biological indicators. While sea surface temperature is believed to be a major driver in anchovies’ (Engraulis ringens) reproductive and body condition indicators, this paper shows that regional drivers such as Pacific decadal oscillation anomalies also influence these biological processes. In addition, a warm condition could trigger increased gonad development of anchovies and synchronization of body condition dynamics with local environmental conditions stemming from sea

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Rodrigues, João, and Alexandre Andrade. "Instantaneous Granger Causality with the Hilbert-Huang Transform." ISRN Signal Processing 2013 (February 20, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/374064.

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Current measures of causality and temporal precedence have limited frequency and time resolution and therefore may not be viable in the detection of short periods of causality in specific frequencies. In addition, the presence of nonstationarities hinders the causality estimation of current techniques as they are based on Fourier transforms or autoregressive model estimation. In this work we present a combination of techniques to measure causality and temporal precedence between stationary and nonstationary time series, that is sensitive to frequency-specific short episodes of causality. This

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19

Ju, Heongkyu. "Kramers–Kronig Relation for Attenuated Total Reflection from a Metal–Dielectric Interface Where Surface Plasmon Polaritons Are Excited." Nanomaterials 11, no. 11 (2021): 3063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11113063.

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The applicability of the Kramers–Kronig relation for attenuated total reflection (ATR) from a metal–dielectric interface that can excite surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) is theoretically investigated. The plasmon-induced attenuation of reflected light can be taken as the resonant absorption of light through a virtual absorptive medium. The optical phase shift of light reflected from the SPP-generating interface is calculated using the KK relation, for which the spectral dependence of ATR is used at around the plasmonic resonance. The KK relation-calculated phase shift shows good agreement with

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20

Tran, Hung Van. "Asymmetric Role of Economic Growth, Globalization, Green Growth, and Renewable Energy in Achieving Environmental Sustainability." Emerging Science Journal 8, no. 2 (2024): 449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/esj-2024-08-02-05.

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This study fills the gap in the literature by applying novel quantile regression and spectral Granger causality frameworks to evaluate the asymmetric effect of GDP, globalization, green growth, and renewable energy consumption on CO2 emissions in India. The results suggest that in all quantiles, green growth, globalization, and renewable energy consumption impact environmental quality negatively, and the effect of economic growth on CO2 emissions is positive in most of the quantiles. In addition, the nexus between the regressors and CO2 emissions is significant across different time horizons.

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21

Barker, John R., and Antonio Martinez. "Self-energy Models for Scattering in Semiconductor Nanoscale Devices: Causality Considerations and the Spectral Sum Rule." MRS Proceedings 1551 (2013): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.898.

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ABSTRACTThe modelling of of silicon gate-all-around nanowire transistors by non-equilibrium Green function methods requires the computation of self-energies for inelastic electron-phonon interactions. It is shown that many approximations designed to reduce numerical complexityto these self-energies in fact fail because they do not satisfy appropriate causality conditions. Four familiar approximations are discussed and their failures resolved. It is also shown that a condition for the spectral density sum rule to hold (and hence accurate density of states in energy) depends on a simple causalit

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22

Faes, Luca, Silvia Erla, Alberto Porta, and Giandomenico Nollo. "A framework for assessing frequency domain causality in physiological time series with instantaneous effects." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 371, no. 1997 (2013): 20110618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2011.0618.

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We present an approach for the quantification of directional relations in multiple time series exhibiting significant zero-lag interactions. To overcome the limitations of the traditional multivariate autoregressive (MVAR) modelling of multiple series, we introduce an extended MVAR (eMVAR) framework allowing either exclusive consideration of time-lagged effects according to the classic notion of Granger causality, or consideration of combined instantaneous and lagged effects according to an extended causality definition. The spectral representation of the eMVAR model is exploited to derive nov

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23

Ayad, Hicham. "Government Expenditure and Economic Growth Nexus in Mena Countries: Frequency Domain Spectral Causality Analysis." Economics and Business 34, no. 1 (2020): 60–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eb-2020-0005.

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AbstractThe paper aims at examining the causal relationship between economic growth and government expenditure in selected MENA countries over the period of 1987–2017. Unlike previous studies, we examine the causality in both panel data and time series data to get a clear idea about the causal relationships individually and as a full sample. We also revisited the causal relationship between the two variables within the framework of frequency domain causality. Our findings support the neutrality hypotheses in the short-run term for most of the countries. Thus, economic growth and government exp

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Ribeiro, Adèle Helena, Maciel Calebe Vidal, João Ricardo Sato, and André Fujita. "Granger Causality among Graphs and Application to Functional Brain Connectivity in Autism Spectrum Disorder." Entropy 23, no. 9 (2021): 1204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23091204.

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Graphs/networks have become a powerful analytical approach for data modeling. Besides, with the advances in sensor technology, dynamic time-evolving data have become more common. In this context, one point of interest is a better understanding of the information flow within and between networks. Thus, we aim to infer Granger causality (G-causality) between networks’ time series. In this case, the straightforward application of the well-established vector autoregressive model is not feasible. Consequently, we require a theoretical framework for modeling time-varying graphs. One possibility woul

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Zhang, Feng, Yadong Lei, Qiu-Run Yu, Klaus Fraedrich, and Hironobu Iwabuchi. "Causality of the Drought in the Southwestern United States Based on Observations." Journal of Climate 30, no. 13 (2017): 4891–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0601.1.

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Slow feature analysis is used to extract driving forces from the monthly mean anomaly time series of the precipitation in the southwestern United States (1895–2015). Four major spectral scales pass the 95% confidence test after wavelet analysis of the derived driving forces. Further harmonic analysis indicates that only two fundamental frequencies are dominant in the spectral domain. The frequencies represent the influence of the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) and solar activity on the precipitation from the southwestern United States. In addition, solar activity has exerted a greater effec

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Olayeni, Olaolu Richard. "Causality in Continuous Wavelet Transform Without Spectral Matrix Factorization: Theory and Application." Computational Economics 47, no. 3 (2015): 321–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10614-015-9489-4.

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27

Tana, Maria Gabriella, Roberta Sclocco, and Anna Maria Bianchi. "GMAC: A Matlab toolbox for spectral Granger causality analysis of fMRI data." Computers in Biology and Medicine 42, no. 10 (2012): 943–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2012.07.003.

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DAHMANI, Mohamed Driouche, Manel ATTOUCHI, Hicham BOUTALBI, et al. "Unraveling the Dynamic Nexus: A Time-Varying Analysis of Government Revenue and Expenditure in Algeria (1980-2022)." Journal of Management World 2024, no. 4 (2024): 618–29. https://doi.org/10.53935/jomw.v2024i4.484.

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This study investigates the evolving causal relationship between government revenue and expenditure in Algeria from 1980 to 2022, a period marked by significant fiscal policy shifts. Unlike previous research assuming a static relationship, we employ a bootstrap rolling window approach and spectral Granger-causality test to capture time-varying causality. These methods illuminate the dynamic nature of fiscal interactions in Algeria's changing economic landscape. Our findings robustly support the tax-spend hypothesis over extended periods, revealing that government revenues significantly influen

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Porta, Alberto, Aparecida M. Catai, Anielle C. M. Takahashi, et al. "Causal relationships between heart period and systolic arterial pressure during graded head-up tilt." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 300, no. 2 (2011): R378—R386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00553.2010.

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In physiological conditions, heart period (HP) affects systolic arterial pressure (SAP) through diastolic runoff and Starling's law, but, the reverse relation also holds as a result of the continuous action of baroreflex control. The prevailing mechanism sets the dominant temporal direction in the HP-SAP interactions (i.e., causality). We exploited cross-conditional entropy to assess HP-SAP causality. A traditional approach based on phases was applied for comparison. The ability of the approach to detect the lack of causal link from SAP to HP was assessed on 8 short-term (STHT) and 11 long-ter

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Chekouri, Sidi Mohammed, Abdelkader Sahed, and Abderrahim Chibi. "Oil price and exchange rate nexus in Algeria: evidence from nonlinear asymmetric and frequency domain approach." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 15, no. 5 (2021): 949–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-08-2020-0018.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship between exchange rate and oil prices in Algeria over the period 2004Q1–2019Q4. Design/methodology/approach The nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag method is used to capture the potential asymmetric relationship among oil prices and the exchange rate. Frequency domain spectral Granger causality test is also applied to investigate the causal linkage between the two variables. The wavelet coherence is applied to analyze the evolution of this relationship both in time and frequency domains. Findings The empirical results reveal evidence of l

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Dai, Xin, Zexi Li, Lin Li, Shuihua Xue, Xiaohui Huang, and Xiaofei Yang. "HyperTransXNet: Learning Both Global and Local Dynamics with a Dual Dynamic Token Mixer for Hyperspectral Image Classification." Remote Sensing 17, no. 14 (2025): 2361. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17142361.

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Recent advances in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification have demonstrated the effectiveness of hybrid architectures that integrate convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformers, leveraging CNNs for local feature extraction and Transformers for global dependency modeling. However, existing fusion approaches face three critical challenges: (1) insufficient synergy between spectral and spatial feature learning due to rigid coupling mechanisms; (2) high computational complexity resulting from redundant attention calculations; and (3) limited adaptability to spectral redundancy and nois

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Skare, Marinko, and Małgorzata Porada-Rochoń. "Financial and economic development link in transitional economies: a spectral Granger causality analysis 1991–2017." Oeconomia Copernicana 10, no. 1 (2019): 7–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/oc.2019.001.

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Research background: The relationship between financial development and economic growth has been attracting attention in the field of economics since the times of the “great moderation”. Previous empirical studies still fail to put forward a general conclusion on whether and how financial development affects economic growth. This is particularly true due to the lack of empirical research on the matter in question for countries in transition. Purpose of the article: This study aims to contribute to bridging the gap in the financial development-growth nexus in transitional economies. Under

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ARI, Yılmaz Onur, and Fjona ZENELI. "FROM MONEY TRANSFERS TO MEAL TABLES: UNRAVELLING THE NEXUS OF REMITTANCES, FOOD SECURITY, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TURKEY." JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN ECONOMY, Vol 23, No 3 (2024) (September 1, 2024): 419–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/jee2024.03.419.

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The link between remittances, food security, and economic growth is a complex and important element of the economic development of the society. The study aims to explore the causality relationships between Remittances, Food Security and Economic Growth in the Turkish economy. The period of study from 1974 to 2018 and annual data of Remittances, Calories intake (as a proxy for the food security) and Economic Growth are used in the framework of time series. Techniques such as Zivot-Andrews (ZA) unit root, Toda-Yamamoto (TY), Breitung-Candelon (BCG), and Hatemi-J tests are used to detect the caus

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34

Yildirim, Nuri, and Huseyin Tastan. "Capital flows and economic growth across spectral frequencies: Evidence from Turkey." Panoeconomicus 59, no. 4 (2012): 441–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan1204441y.

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This paper examines interactions and feedbacks between categories of capital flows and economic growth in Turkey for the 1992:01-2009:08 period. Our empirical analysis is based on a new version of the causality test of John Geweke (1982, p. 77) and Yuzo Hosoya (1991, p. 88) in the frequency domain proposed recently by J?rg Breitung and Bertrand Candelon (2006, p. 132). In addition, using standard methods in spectral analysis, we decompose the total covariance between capital flows and growth across main frequency bands and capture lead/lag interactions between them. Some of our findings are as

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35

Pagnotta, Mattia F., Mukesh Dhamala, and Gijs Plomp. "Benchmarking nonparametric Granger causality: Robustness against downsampling and influence of spectral decomposition parameters." NeuroImage 183 (December 2018): 478–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.07.046.

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Dai, Yimei, Hesheng Zhang, Xuegeng Mao, and Pengjian Shang. "Complexity–entropy causality plane based on power spectral entropy for complex time series." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 509 (November 2018): 501–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2018.06.081.

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Buchholz, Detlev, and Stephen J. Summers. "Stable quantum systems in anti–de Sitter space: Causality, independence, and spectral properties." Journal of Mathematical Physics 45, no. 12 (2004): 4810–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1804230.

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Kruglov, S. I. "Acceleration of universe by nonlinear electromagnetic fields." International Journal of Modern Physics D 25, no. 11 (2016): 1640002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271816400022.

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A new model of nonlinear electromagnetic fields possessing a dimensional parameter [Formula: see text] is proposed. Electromagnetic fields are considered as the source of the gravitation field and accelerated expansion of the universe is driven by nonlinear electromagnetic fields. We consider the magnetic universe and the stochastic magnetic field is a source of the universe acceleration. After the universe inflation and the accelerated expansion the universe decelerates. We show the causality of the model and a classical stability at the deceleration phase. The spectral index, the tensor-to-s

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Kruglov, S. I. "Inflation of universe by nonlinear electrodynamics." International Journal of Modern Physics D 29, no. 15 (2020): 2050102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271820501023.

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Nonlinear electrodynamics with two-dimensional parameters is studied. The range of electromagnetic fields, when principles of causality, unitarity and the classical stability hold, are obtained. A singularity of the electric field at the center of charges is absent within our model and there are corrections to the Coulomb law as [Formula: see text]. The universe inflation takes place in the background of stochastic magnetic fields. The second stage of the universe evolution is the radiation era so that the graceful exit exists. We estimated the spectral index, the tensor-to-scalar ratio, and t

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Xu, Haojie, Yunfeng Lu, Shanan Zhu, and Bin He. "Assessing Dynamic Spectral Causality by Lagged Adaptive Directed Transfer Function and Instantaneous Effect Factor." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 61, no. 7 (2014): 1979–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2014.2311034.

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Nachane, Dilip, and Amlendu Kumar Dubey. "Trend and cyclical decoupling: new estimates based on spectral causality tests and wavelet correlations." Applied Economics 45, no. 31 (2013): 4419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2013.788781.

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Škare, Marinko, and Małgorzata Porada-Rochoń. "THE SYNCHRONISATION BETWEEN FINANCIAL AND BUSINESS CYCLES: A CROSS SPECTRAL ANALYSIS VIEW." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 26, no. 4 (2020): 907–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2020.12567.

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Our study bridges the gap between in previous research on the synchronization between financial and business cycles over a long period. Using the data for the UK from 1270 to 2016 we analyze the synchronization between financial and business cycles using spectral Granger causality (Breitung & Candelon, 2006). Our paper brings several important findings to the discussion on the financial and business cycle link. Our paper is the first one (to the best of our knowledge) that use data over a long period spanning several centuries. We use spectral analysis and advanced spectral analysis (SSA)

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Güler, İlkay. "Exploring The Twin-Deficit Hypothesis by Considering the Energy Prices in Türkiye: The Evidence from the Rolling Window and the Spectral Causality Analyses." Bulletin of Economic Theory and Analysis 10, no. 1 (2025): 209–31. https://doi.org/10.25229/beta.1586293.

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Worsening the budget and current account balance has been one of the government’s most urgent issues, especially since the 1980s. Within this context, various studies have been conducted to find the accurate solution and whether there is a connection between the two unpleasant macroeconomic problems. The study aims to address the twin-deficit hypothesis at the full and sub-samples, with different frequencies, by employing the advanced causality test approaches in the case of the Turkish economy by considering energy prices. The Toda-Yamamoto, the Rolling-Window, and Breitung-Candelon Causality

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Kruglov, S. I. "Nonlinear electromagnetic fields as a source of universe acceleration." International Journal of Modern Physics A 31, no. 11 (2016): 1650058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x16500585.

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A model of nonlinear electromagnetic fields with a dimensional parameter [Formula: see text] is proposed. From PVLAS experiment the bound on the parameter [Formula: see text] was obtained. Electromagnetic fields are coupled with the gravitation field and we show that the universe accelerates due to nonlinear electromagnetic fields. The magnetic universe is considered and the stochastic magnetic field is a background. After inflation the universe decelerates and approaches to the radiation era. The range of the scale factor, when the causality of the model and a classical stability take place,

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Jun, Wen, Hamid Mahmood, and Muhammad Zakaria. "IMPACT OF TRADE OPENNESS ON ENVIRONMENT IN CHINA." Journal of Business Economics and Management 21, no. 4 (2020): 1185–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2020.12050.

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The study investigates the impact of trade openness on pollution in China by applying wavelet-coherence analysis, phase-difference technique and Breitung and Candelon (2006) causality test. The estimated results provide some dynamic association between trade openness and pollutant variables. The results indicate that trade openness has increased pollution in China especially after 2001 when China became member of WTO. It suggests that “pollution haven hypothesis” exists in China. These results imply that trade openness has increased exports which has increased domestic production by increasing

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Li, Raymond, and David C. Broadstock. "Coal Pricing in China: Is It a Bit Too Crude?" Energies 14, no. 13 (2021): 3752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133752.

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China is a global leader in methanol production volume, while coal is a major feedstock. The country also has the world’s largest commercial coal-to-methanol operations. Coal-based methanol is used widely within China and is a competitive substitute for gasoline. Owing to this, it is plausible that the price of coal may be linked to international crude oil prices, with methanol prices serving as the connecting channel. We add supporting evidence to a recently emerging area of literature and observe statistically significant relationships among the three prices, and, therefore, the influence fr

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Nasreen, Samia, Aviral Kumar Tiwari, Zhuhua Jiang, and Seong-Min Yoon. "Dependence Structure between Bitcoin and Economic Policy Uncertainty: Evidence from Time–Frequency Quantile-Dependence Methods." International Journal of Financial Studies 10, no. 3 (2022): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs10030049.

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In this study, the dependence between Bitcoin (BTC) and economic policy uncertainty (EPU) of USA and China is estimated by applying the latest methodology of quantile cross-spectral dependence. Daily data comprising a total of 1947 observations and covering the period of 1 October 2013 to 31 January 2019 are used in this study. The findings indicate that a positive return interdependence between BTC and EPU is high in the short term, and this dependence decreases as investment horizons increase from weekly to yearly. The information on the time-varying and time–frequency structure of interdepe

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Jun, Wen, Muhammad Zakaria, Syed Shahzad, and Hamid Mahmood. "Effect of FDI on Pollution in China: New Insights Based on Wavelet Approach." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (2018): 3859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10113859.

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By applying the wavelet tool, this study examines the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on pollution in China, for the period 1982 to 2016. Carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions are used as pollution variables. The results reveal that FDI positively affected pollution at high frequency (short term) during the 1980s and after 2000, and at low frequency (long term) but not at medium frequency (medium term) for the entire time period. It demonstrates that FDI increases pollution both in the short and long term, but not in the medium term. It indicates that FDI has created pollution

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Mierzejewski, Mateusz, and Magdalena Lampart. "Analysis of Business Cycles in the Breeding of Pigs, Cattle and Poultry and their Relationship to the Causality of Wheat and Rye Cultivation in Poland." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 18(33), no. 2 (2018): 218–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2018.18.2.49.

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The article presents a study on the phenomenon of pig gaps in the perspective of pig, cattle, and poultry farming in Poland. The work attempts to define the phenomenon itself as well as to show the reasons for its occurrence and significance for the Polish economy. The study used a cross-spectral analysis, which indicated cyclical relationships and shifts between the studied time series. The methodology of the work was based on a simplified spectral analysis, i.e. the use of the square of coherence, spectral density and phase spectrum. In addition, the article uses a comparative method for sel

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Nollo, G., and L. Faes. "Assessing Frequency Domain Causality in Cardiovascular Time Series with Instantaneous Interactions." Methods of Information in Medicine 49, no. 05 (2010): 453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me09-02-0030.

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Summary Background: The partial directed coherence (PDC) is commonly used to assess in the frequency domain the existence of causal relations between two time series measured in conjunction with a set of other time series. Although the multivariate autoregressive (MVAR) model traditionally used for PDC computation accounts only for lagged effects, instantaneous effects cannot be neglected in the analysis of cardiovascular time series. Objectives: We propose the utilization of an extended MVAR model for PDC computation, in order to improve the evaluation of frequency domain causality in the pre

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